Dry separation and washing method of ore

Abstract

The present invention provides a dry sorting and waste washing method for ore, comprising dry sorting of raw ore to obtain powder ore, concentrate and waste rock; washing the waste rock with water; wherein the washing process comprises: washing and screening the waste rock to obtain under-screen ore slurry and over-screen waste rock; concentrating and collecting the under-screen ore slurry, wherein the under-screen ore slurry is subjected to classification, grinding and flotation to obtain concentrate and tailings waste rock. In the dry sorting and waste washing method for ore, the crushed raw ore is not washed before sorting, and only the tailings waste rock after sorting is washed, so as to achieve the purpose of pre-disposal effect, ensure the recovery rate of beneficial components, and avoid affecting the process flow after sorting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lead-zinc mineral processing, in particular to a method for dry separation and washing of ore. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the main process of lead-zinc ore pre-sorting is to wash, screen and grade the crushed raw ore, and then the clean ore with appropriate particle size enters the X-ray intelligent sorting equipment for sorting and processing, and the sorted concentrate enters the next operation stage. This wet sorting process is prone to cause powder ore to compact, screen clogging, ore bin compaction, etc., or the entire sorting process is not cleaned, resulting in a small amount of ore remaining on the tailings, which is directly discarded, causing waste.

[0003] For example, CN 110560387 A discloses an intelligent sorting method for lead-zinc lump ore. After the lead-zinc raw ore is crushed by a coarse crusher, it is washed, screened and graded by a double-layer vibrating screen to obtain ores with three particle size levels: less than 12 mm, between 12 and 45 mm, and greater than 45 mm. The 12-45 mm ore is washed by a desludging and washing device on a belt and then transported to an intelligent sorter for intelligent waste disposal to obtain concentrate and tailings. The concentrate enters the ore bin after screening and grading.

[0004] The method in this patent washes the ore before ore sorting. The moisture content of the ore after washing is high, which may cause problems in the subsequent process such as screen blockage, reduced ball mill efficiency, ore bin compaction, and increased labor intensity. In particular, powder ore after washing is prone to compaction. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for dry sorting and washing of ore. The crushed raw ore is not washed before sorting, and only the tailings and waste rocks after sorting are washed. While achieving the purpose of pre-disposal effect, the recovery rate of beneficial components is guaranteed and the impact on the process flow after sorting is avoided.

[0006] A dry sorting and waste washing method for ore comprises dry sorting of raw ore to obtain powder ore, concentrate and waste rock; water washing the waste rock; wherein the water washing process comprises: washing and screening the waste rock to obtain undersize ore slurry and oversize waste rock; concentrating and collecting the undersize ore slurry, and obtaining concentrate and tailings after the undersize ore slurry is subjected to classification, grinding and flotation processes.

[0007] In one embodiment, the step of washing and screening the waste rock includes transporting the waste rock to a water-washing vibrating screen and washing it with a flushing water device on the water-washing vibrating screen during the vibration transportation process.

[0008] In one embodiment, the step of concentrating and collecting the undersize ore slurry includes conveying the undersize ore slurry to a thickener, wherein the undersize ore slurry concentrated by the thickener flows by gravity to a grinding and discharge pump pool, and the clear liquid in the thickener overflows into a reuse water pool and is pumped back to the water-washing vibrating screen.

[0009] In one embodiment, the residual washing water of the waste rock on the screen flows out from the bottom of the waste rock bin and is collected and pumped into the thickener.

[0010] In one embodiment, the grading, grinding and flotation process includes pumping the underscreen slurry in the grinding and discharging pump pool to a hydrocyclone for grading to obtain light minerals and heavy minerals; flotation of the light minerals to obtain concentrates and tailings; and the heavy minerals are ground and then enter the grinding and discharging pump pool to repeat the grading and flotation processes.

[0011] In one embodiment, a reuse water pump is provided on one side of the reuse water pool, and the reuse water pump is connected to the flushing water device of the water-washing vibrating screen through a pressure-resistant pipe; a filter component is provided in the reuse water pool, and the filter component is used to filter impurities in the reuse water.

[0012] In one embodiment, the concentration of the undersize pulp after being concentrated by the thickener is 45% to 55%.

[0013] In one embodiment, the step of dry sorting the raw ore includes: the raw ore is crushed and then screened to obtain the powder ore under the screen and the primary material on the screen; the primary material is screened to obtain the secondary material on the screen and the tertiary material under the screen; the secondary material is intelligently sorted to obtain the concentrate and the waste rock.

[0014] In one embodiment, the concentrate and the tertiary material are crushed and then screened again to obtain the powder ore and the primary material.

[0015] In one embodiment, the powder ore is subjected to grinding, classification and flotation processes to obtain concentrate and tailings.

[0016] In one embodiment, the raw ore is crushed twice in sequence and then screened using a double-layer vibrating screen; the primary material is screened using a linear vibrating screen.

[0017] The present invention provides a dry sorting and waste washing method for ore. On the one hand, dry sorting is adopted in the sorting process, which can avoid the problems of screen blockage, ore bin boarding, increased labor intensity and the like caused by wet sorting; on the other hand, after sorting, the waste rock is subjected to a water washing process to obtain the under-screen ore slurry for subsequent classification, grinding and flotation processes, which can recover the powder ore entrained in the waste rock, thereby improving the economic benefit and the recovery rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The flowchart of the dry separation and washing method of ore according to an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown.

[0019] Figure 2 and Figure 3 The connection structures of the thickener and the reuse water tank in the embodiments of the present invention are schematically shown respectively.

[0020] Figure 4 The side view structure of the thickening tank in the embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown.

[0021] In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used for the same components. The drawings are not drawn to scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0023] It should be noted that if there are directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention, such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc., then the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly. In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first, second", "S01, S02", "step one, step two", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, such descriptions are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or indicating the execution order of the method, etc. Those skilled in the art can understand that anything that does not violate the gist of the invention under the technical concept of the invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the present method for dry sorting and washing of ore comprises: S01, dry sorting of raw ore to obtain powder ore, concentrate and waste rock; S02, washing the waste rock with water.

[0025] In one embodiment, S01, the step of dry sorting raw ore, includes: the raw ore is crushed and then screened to obtain powder ore under the screen and primary material on the screen; the primary material is screened to obtain secondary material on the screen and tertiary material under the screen; the secondary material is sorted by an X-ray intelligent sorter 10 to obtain concentrate and waste rock. In one embodiment, the raw ore is screened by a double-layer vibrating screen 20 after completing two crushings in sequence; the primary material is screened by a linear vibrating screen 30.

[0026] Specifically, the lead-zinc ore is crushed to less than 65 mm by coarse and medium crushers and then screened by a double-layer vibrating screen 20 to obtain powder ore under the screen, that is, ore with a particle size of less than 10 mm and primary material on the screen, that is, ore with a particle size greater than 10 mm. The ore with a particle size less than 10 mm is conveyed to a powder ore bin 40 by a belt; the ore with a particle size greater than 10 mm on the screen is vibrated and screened by a linear vibrating screen 30 to obtain secondary material on the screen, that is, ore with a particle size greater than 15 mm and tertiary material under the screen, that is, ore with a particle size less than 15 mm; the ore with a particle size greater than 15 mm on the screen is vibrated and sent to an X-ray intelligent sorting machine 10 for dry sorting, and the ore with a particle size greater than 15 mm is sorted into concentrate and waste rock.

[0027] In one embodiment, the concentrate and the tertiary material are screened again after being crushed to obtain powder ore and primary material. Specifically, the concentrate selected by the X-ray intelligent sorter 10 and the tertiary material under the screen, that is, the ore with a particle size of less than 15mm, are transported to the fine crusher by a belt, and returned to the double-layer vibrating screen 20 after crushing for screening and sorting again. Specifically, materials less than 15mm are called small-particle ore and powder ore; the ore particle size entering the powder ore bin 40 for storage is 10mm~12mm. This part of the ore will enter the subsequent grinding operation, and the particle size has certain requirements. The task of the crushing section is to crush the ore to a qualified particle size to enter the next stage of the process. The best particle size for the intelligent sorter is 15mm~65mm. The ore with a particle size of less than 15mm is screened out in advance, and it is necessary to perform fine crushing to reach a qualified particle size to enter the subsequent section.

[0028] In one embodiment, the powder ore in the powder ore bin 40 enters the ball mill 130 and flows to the grinding discharge pump pool 90 after the grinding process, and obtains concentrate and tailings after the classification and flotation process. Specifically, the slurry in the grinding discharge pump pool 90 is pumped to the hydrocyclone 120 for classification to obtain light and heavy minerals. The light minerals enter the subsequent flotation process and flotation operation to obtain concentrate and tailings; the heavy minerals enter the ball mill 130 for grinding treatment, and enter the grinding discharge pump pool 90 after grinding to repeat the classification and flotation process. Among them, S02, the water washing process includes: washing and screening waste rock to obtain under-screen ore slurry and over-screen waste rock; concentrating and collecting the under-screen ore slurry, and the under-screen ore slurry is classified, ground and flotated to obtain concentrate and tailings. In one embodiment, the step of washing and screening waste rock includes transporting the waste rock to the water-washing vibrating screen 60, and washing it through the flushing water device on the water-washing vibrating screen 60 during the vibration transportation process.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, in one embodiment, the step of concentrating and collecting the undersize ore slurry includes conveying the undersize ore slurry to the thickener 80 through the collection tank 70, the undersize slurry concentrated by the thickener 80 flows from the bottom of the thickener to the grinding and discharge pump tank 90, and the clear liquid in the thickener 80 overflows to the recycling water tank 100 and is pumped back to the water washing vibrating screen 60. In one embodiment, the residual washing water of the oversize waste rock flows out from the bottom of the waste rock bin 110 and is collected and pumped into the thickener 80.

[0030] In one embodiment, the classification, grinding and flotation process includes pumping the undersize pulp in the grinding and discharging pump pool 90 to the hydrocyclone 120 for classification to obtain light minerals and heavy minerals; the light minerals are subjected to flotation to obtain concentrates and tailings; the heavy minerals are subjected to grinding and then enter the grinding and discharging pump pool 90 to repeat the classification and flotation process. In one embodiment, the concentration of the undersize pulp after being concentrated by the thickener 80 is 45% to 55%.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, specifically, the waste rock selected by the X-ray intelligent sorting machine 10 is transported to the water-washing vibrating screen 60. During the vibration transportation process, the waste rock is cleaned by the flushing water device on the water-washing vibrating screen 60, and the ore washing and screening are performed to obtain the under-screen ore slurry with a particle size of less than 3 mm and the over-screen waste rock with a particle size of more than 3 mm. The under-screen ore slurry is sent to the thickener 80, and the concentrated under-screen ore slurry with a concentration of 45% to 55% flows from the bottom discharge port 801 of the thickener 80 to the grinding and discharging pump pool 90. The supernatant of the thickener 80 overflows to the reuse water pool 100 through the overflow pipe 802, and is pumped back to the water-washing vibrating screen 60; the over-screen waste rock with a particle size greater than 3 mm is sent to the waste rock bin 110 for storage, and the washing residual water of the over-screen waste rock flows out from the bottom of the waste rock bin 110 and is collected and pumped into the above-mentioned thickener 80 to obtain dry waste rock, which can be sold and processed as building materials. The slurry in the grinding and discharging pump pool 90 is pumped to the hydrocyclone 120 for classification to obtain light and heavy minerals. The light minerals enter the subsequent flotation process to obtain concentrates and tailings; the heavy minerals enter the ball mill 130 for grinding treatment, and after grinding, they enter the grinding and discharging pump pool 90 to repeat the classification and flotation processes.

[0032] like Figures 2 to 4As shown, in one embodiment, a recycling water pump 101 is provided on one side of the recycling water pool 100, and the recycling water pump 101 is connected to the flushing water device of the water-washing vibrating screen 60 through a PET recycling water pipe 109, and the recycling water pipe 109 is connected to the recycling water outlet 103 of the recycling water pool 100, and a recycling water gate valve 106 is provided on the recycling water pipe 109; a filter assembly 102 is provided in the recycling water pool 100, and the filter assembly 102 is used to filter impurities in the recycling water. Specifically, a recycling water pool 100 is built below the thickener 80, and the overflow water in the thickener 80 directly enters one side of the recycling water pool 100 through the first overflow pipe 802, and the recycling water pump 101 is connected to the other side of the recycling water pool 100. The filter assembly 102 includes a solid sand retaining plate 1021 and a movable grid screen plate 1023, and the movable grid screen plate 1023 is slidably arranged in the middle and upper part of the recycling water pool 100, which is convenient for assembly, disassembly and cleaning. A solid sand retaining plate 1021 is installed in the middle and lower part of the reuse water pool 100, and a movable screen plate 1023 is installed in the middle and upper part to filter impurities such as plastics in the reuse water, and realize the natural sedimentation of impurities on one side of the reuse water pool 100 to prevent debris from entering the reuse water system and causing damage to the reuse water pump 101. An overflow water outlet 108 is opened at the top of the reuse water pool 100 to connect to the second overflow pipe 110, and a sewage outlet 107 is opened at the bottom to connect to the sewage pipe 104. The second overflow pipe 110 is connected to the sewage pipe 104 and merged into the wastewater discharge pipe to ensure the safe use of the reuse water pool 100. The ore pulp under the water-washing vibrating screen 60 falls directly into the collection pool 601 below the water-washing vibrating screen 60, and then is pumped into the thickener 80. Under the action of the rake device in the thickener 80, the ore pulp is concentrated by gravity sedimentation and flows into the grinding and discharging pump pool 90 by gravity; the resulting supernatant overflows into the recycling water pool 100, and is pumped back to the water-washing vibrating screen 60 for ore washing, thereby realizing the recycling of ore washing water. Furthermore, high-pressure flushing water is added to the side of the grid screen on the return water pump of the recycling water pool to realize the backwashing of the grid screen. Furthermore, the recycling water gate valve, sewage gate valve, and recycling water pump can be connected to the automatic control system to realize remote switching, so as to achieve stable and reliable recycling water.

[0033] Specifically, in one embodiment, the thickener 80 is a lead-zinc ore recovery thickener in a beneficiation plant, which is used to collect and process sewage from the dust removal system of the crushing workshop and the grinding and flotation workshop, and the slurry discharged from the flotation machine of the grinding and flotation workshop during maintenance; the thickener 80 is a central transmission thickener. Specifically, in one embodiment, a 65ZW25-50-11KW horizontal self-priming sewage pump is installed on one side of the reuse water pool 100, and is connected to the main water pipe of the flushing water device on the water washing vibrating screen 60 by a pressure-resistant PE pipe; a filter assembly 102 is installed in the middle of the reuse water pool 100 to filter impurities in the water to prevent the 65ZW25-50-11KW horizontal self-priming sewage pump from being damaged; a sewage outlet gate valve 105 is provided on the sewage pipe 104, and the sewage pipe 104 is connected to the sewage outlet 107 on the reuse water pool 100, and the sewage pipe 104 is connected to the tailings pipe to ensure the safe use of the reuse water pool 100.

[0034] According to the above embodiments, it can be seen that the dry sorting and washing method of ore involved in the present invention does not wash the crushed raw ore before sorting, and only washes the tailings and waste rocks after sorting, thereby achieving the purpose of pre-disposal effect, ensuring the recovery rate of beneficial components, and avoiding affecting the process flow after sorting. In the preferred scheme, under the premise of achieving the pre-waste disposal effect, the raw ore after crushing and screening enters the intelligent sorting machine for sorting, the waste rock sorted by the intelligent sorting machine is washed, the powder ore water after washing and the residual washing water in the waste rock bin are collected and transported to the thickener, the concentrated supernatant is reused for ore washing, and the concentrated slurry flows to the subsequent grinding and flotation process by gravity, so that the useful ore is fully recovered, and the concentrate sorted by the intelligent sorting machine is kept dry because it is not washed with water, and enters the subsequent screening and storage processes, which is not prone to screen blockage, reduced table efficiency, and ore bin boarding, which increases the labor intensity of employees; at the same time, the whole process achieves complete recycling of washing water, and through the construction of an integrated reuse water pool, the concentrated slurry water after ore washing and screening is realized. The reuse water pool is equipped with a filtering component, so it has the functions of automatic filtering and automatic cleaning. Under the premise of realizing wastewater reuse, it reduces external equipment, reduces production costs and operating difficulties, and lays a solid foundation for tailing-free mines and green mines.

[0035] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should be the usual meanings understood by technicians in the field to which the invention belongs. Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered by the scope of the claims and description of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for dry separation and washing of ore, characterized in that: For processing of lead and zinc ores, including Dry separation of raw ore to obtain powder ore, concentrate and waste rock; The waste rock is subjected to a water washing process; wherein the water washing process comprises: Washing and screening the waste rock to obtain undersize ore slurry and oversize waste rock; Concentrating and collecting the undersize ore slurry, wherein the undersize ore slurry is subjected to classification, grinding and flotation processes to obtain concentrate and tailings; The step of concentrating and collecting the undersize ore slurry comprises: The undersize ore slurry is transported to the thickener, and after being concentrated by the thickener, the undersize ore slurry flows by gravity to the grinding and discharging pump pool, and the clear liquid in the thickener overflows to the recycling water pool and is pumped back to the water-washing vibrating screen; The classification, grinding and flotation process includes The under-screen ore slurry in the grinding and discharging pump pool is pumped to a hydrocyclone for classification to obtain light minerals and heavy minerals; The light minerals are subjected to flotation operation to obtain the concentrate and the tailings; The heavy minerals are processed by grinding and then enter the grinding and discharge pump pool to repeat the classification and flotation processes.

2. The dry separation and washing method of ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of washing and screening the waste rock includes: The waste rock is transported to a water-washing vibrating screen and is cleaned by a flushing water device on the water-washing vibrating screen during the vibration transportation process.

3. The dry separation and washing method of ore according to claim 2, characterized in that: The residual washing water of the waste rock on the screen flows out from the bottom of the waste rock bin and is collected and pumped into the thickener.

4. The dry separation and washing method of ore according to claim 3, characterized in that: A recycling water pump is provided on one side of the recycling water pool, and the recycling water pump is connected to the flushing water device of the water-washing vibrating screen through a pressure-resistant pipe; A filter assembly is provided in the reuse water pool, and the filter assembly is used to filter impurities in the reuse water.

5. The dry separation and washing method of ore according to claim 4, characterized in that: The concentration of the undersize pulp after being concentrated by the thickener is 45% to 55%.

6. The dry separation and washing method of ore according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The step of dry separation and sorting the raw ore comprises: The raw ore is crushed and then screened to obtain the powder ore under the screen and the primary material on the screen; The first-level material is sieved to obtain a second-level material on the sieve and a third-level material under the sieve; The secondary materials are intelligently sorted to obtain the concentrate and the waste rock.

7. The dry separation and washing method of ore according to claim 6, characterized in that: The concentrate and the tertiary material are crushed and then screened again to obtain the powder ore and the primary material.

8. The dry separation and washing method of ore according to claim 7, characterized in that: The powder ore is subjected to grinding, classification and flotation processes to obtain concentrate and tailings.

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