Partition plate and rail vehicle

Abstract

This application provides a partition wall panel and a rail vehicle. The partition wall panel includes: a core layer, which is foamed polypropylene; a reinforcing layer, respectively bonded to the upper and lower surfaces of the core layer; the reinforcing layer is made of composite fiber reinforced epoxy resin prepreg; a skin layer; a skin layer is bonded to the outer surface of each reinforcing layer away from the core layer; the skin layer is a fire-resistant board. The partition wall panel and rail vehicle provided in this application have a core layer made of foamed polypropylene, which has advantages such as good cushioning and vibration absorption capacity and good heat resistance. It is also lightweight, environmentally friendly, and recyclable. The reinforcing layer made of composite fiber reinforced epoxy resin prepreg can improve the overall bending strength of the partition wall panel. The skin layer is a fire-resistant board, which has good fire resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to rail vehicle interior technology, and more particularly to a partition panel and a rail vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] The interior of the rail vehicle's carriages is equipped with partitions to conceal the electrical control cabinets and other functional units, as well as to store and install functional components such as fire extinguishers, trash cans, and large luggage racks. Currently, the partitions are constructed using plywood for the curved sections and paper honeycomb or aluminum honeycomb materials for the flat sections. The paper honeycomb material is a "sandwich" material composed of glass Nomex phenolic honeycomb and fiber resin prepreg.

[0003] Aluminum honeycomb cores have a high density and are expensive, while phenolic honeycomb is made of thermosetting phenolic resin foam and therefore does not meet the requirements for recyclability. Furthermore, both aluminum and paper honeycomb partitions have insufficient nail-holding power, making it impossible to directly tighten screws into the partitions. They require pre-embedded plywood or other reinforcing materials with higher density to improve nail-holding power, which not only complicates the process but also increases the weight of the partitions and raises costs.

[0004] In addition, the partition wall mainly includes a core layer and a skin layer disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the core layer. The skin layer usually includes at least one of flame-retardant carbon fiber / epoxy prepreg layer and flame-retardant glass fiber / epoxy prepreg layer, which cannot meet the requirements of the partition wall for surface color and pattern, and cannot meet the requirements of the partition wall for surface resistance to micro-acid and micro-alkali cleaning agents. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address one of the aforementioned technical deficiencies, this application provides a partition panel and a rail vehicle.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the embodiments of this application, a partition wall is provided, comprising:

[0007] Core layer; the core layer is foamed polypropylene;

[0008] The reinforcing layers are bonded to the upper and lower surfaces of the core layer, respectively; the reinforcing layers are made of epoxy resin prepreg reinforced with composite fibers;

[0009] Skin layer; each reinforcing layer has a skin layer bonded to its outer surface away from the core layer; the skin layer is a fire-resistant board.

[0010] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of this application, a rail vehicle is provided, comprising: a partition wall as described above.

[0011] The technical solution provided in this application embodiment includes a partition wall panel comprising: a core layer, a reinforcing layer, and a skin layer. The reinforcing layers are respectively bonded to the upper and lower surfaces of the core layer. A skin layer is bonded to the outer surface of each reinforcing layer away from the core layer. The core layer is made of foamed polypropylene, which has advantages such as good cushioning and vibration absorption capacity, good heat resistance, and is lightweight, environmentally friendly, and recyclable. The reinforcing layer uses composite fiber-reinforced epoxy resin prepreg, which can improve the overall bending strength of the partition wall panel. The skin layer is a fire-resistant board with good fire resistance. Attached Figure Description

[0012] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0013] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a partition wall provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the expansion bolt sleeve in the partition wall provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a front view of the expansion bolt sleeve in the partition wall provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0016] Figure 4 A left view of an expansion bolt sleeve in a partition wall provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0017] Figure 5 A top view of an expansion bolt sleeve in a partition wall provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Sectional view of section AA;

[0019] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the partition wall in the free state provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spring stop in the partition plate in the deformed state, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure label:

[0022] 1-Core layer; 2-Reinforcing layer; 3-Skin layer; 41-Threaded sleeve body; 411-Through hole; 412-Slot; 413-Connecting groove; 42-Spring stop; 421-Protrusion; 422-Fixing part; 423-Deformation part. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the exemplary embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not an exhaustive list of all embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0024] This embodiment provides a partition panel that can be applied in rail vehicles as a partition for areas such as electrical cabinets and luggage storage areas.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the partition wall provided in this embodiment includes: a core layer 1, a reinforcing layer 2, and a skin layer 3. There are two reinforcing layers 2, which are respectively bonded to the upper and lower surfaces of the core layer 1. There are also two skin layers 3; each reinforcing layer 2 has a skin layer 3 bonded to its outer surface away from the core layer 1, that is, the skin layer 3 is bonded to the upper surface of the upper reinforcing layer 2, and the skin layer 3 is bonded to the lower surface of the lower reinforcing layer 2.

[0026] The core layer 1 is made of foamed polypropylene, which can be made from existing materials. It has advantages such as good cushioning and shock absorption capacity, good heat resistance, light weight, green and environmentally friendly, and recyclable.

[0027] The reinforcing layer 2 uses composite fiber-reinforced epoxy resin prepreg, which can improve the overall flexural strength of the partition wall. The skin layer 3 uses fire-resistant board, which has good fire resistance.

[0028] The technical solution provided in this embodiment includes a partition wall panel comprising a core layer, a reinforcing layer, and a skin layer. The reinforcing layers are respectively bonded to the upper and lower surfaces of the core layer. A skin layer is bonded to the outer surface of each reinforcing layer away from the core layer. The core layer is made of foamed polypropylene, which has advantages such as good cushioning and vibration absorption capacity and good heat resistance. It is also lightweight, environmentally friendly, and recyclable. The reinforcing layer is made of epoxy resin prepreg reinforced with composite fibers, which can improve the overall bending strength of the partition wall panel. The skin layer is a fire-resistant board with good fire resistance.

[0029] The core layer 1, reinforcing layer 2 and skin layer 3 mentioned above can be bonded together using a two-component epoxy resin adhesive.

[0030] Based on the above technical solution, the use of expansion threaded sleeves also includes: expansion threaded sleeves for connecting the skin layer 3, the reinforcing layer 2 and the core layer 1, for further strengthening the connection between the three.

[0031] like Figures 2 to 6As shown, this embodiment provides an implementation of an expansion sleeve: the expansion sleeve includes a sleeve body 41 and a spring stop 42. The outer circumferential surface of the sleeve body 41 is provided with external threads for screwing into the skin layer 3, the reinforcing layer 2, and the core layer 1. The sleeve body 41 has a receiving space for accommodating the spring stop 42. A through hole 411 is provided on the side wall of the sleeve body 41, communicating with the receiving space. The spring stop 42 is disposed within the sleeve body 41 and extends out from the through hole 411.

[0032] During application, after the core layer 1, reinforcing layer 2, and skin layer 3 are bonded together to form a partition plate, the threaded sleeve body 41 is screwed into the skin layer 3, reinforcing layer 2, and core layer 1 in sequence. Then, the spring stop 42 is inserted into the receiving space of the threaded sleeve body 41, and part of the spring stop 42 extends outward from the through hole 411 to achieve the effect of expanding and limiting the partition plate.

[0033] Furthermore, the side wall of the threaded sleeve body 41 is provided with two symmetrical through holes 411. Correspondingly, the spring stop 42 is provided with symmetrical protrusions 421 on both sides, and the protrusions 421 extend from the through holes 411. The spring stop 42 can be made of a metal with a certain deformation capacity, such as a metal strip or metal sheet.

[0034] One specific implementation method: such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the spring stop 42 includes a fixed part 422 and a deformable part 423, with the deformable part 423 located at both ends of the fixed part 422. When the spring stop 42 is in a free state (e.g....), Figure 7 The two deformable portions 423 are positioned far apart from each other, and the angle between the deformable portion 423 and the fixed portion 422 is greater than or equal to 90°. The middle part of the deformable portion 423 bends outward to form a protrusion 421.

[0035] Figure 8 The spring stop 42 is shown to be in a deformed state, with the two deformable parts 423 close to each other, and the angle between the deformable part 423 and the fixed part 422 is less than 90°.

[0036] One embodiment is that the cross-section of the spring stop 42 is circular, which can be formed by bending a circular metal strip. Figure 7 The shape of the sleeve body 41 is such that the inner wall of the sleeve body 41 is provided with a groove 412 for accommodating the spring stop 42, and the through hole 411 communicates with the groove 412. The spring stop 42 is inserted into the groove 412, and the groove 412 is used to limit the spring stop 42 and prevent it from moving randomly.

[0037] Furthermore, one end of the threaded sleeve body 41 is provided with a connecting groove 413 for cooperating with an operating tool. The connecting groove 413 can be an inner triangular groove, a rectangular groove, an inner pentagonal groove, an inner hexagonal groove, an inner octagonal groove, etc. The attached figure of this embodiment shows a hexagonal groove, which can be used to screw the threaded sleeve body 41 into the partition plate.

[0038] The main body 41 of the threaded sleeve can be made of high-strength steel, possessing high strength. Threads are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the main body 41 for engagement with the partition plate, preventing it from dislodging from the partition plate. The inner wall of the main body 41 also has internal threads for installing fastening screws, which are used to fix devices such as speakers and lighting equipment to the partition plate.

[0039] The installation process of the expansion sleeve is as follows: After the core layer 1, reinforcing layer 2, and skin layer 3 are bonded together, the sleeve body 41 is screwed into the skin layer 3, reinforcing layer 2, and core layer 1 in sequence. Then, the spring stop 42 is deformed inward and inserted into the receiving space of the sleeve body 41 and embedded in the slot 412. The rebound force of the spring stop 42 causes its protrusion 421 to extend outward from the through hole 411 and embed into the core layer 1, thereby achieving the effect of expanding and limiting the partition plate, making the connection between the core layer 1, reinforcing layer 2, and skin layer 3 more reliable.

[0040] The aforementioned skin layer 3 may include at least one of the following: base paper, kraft paper, and titanium dioxide paper, formed by impregnation with a resin material. Specifically, the resin material may be melamine, phenolic resin, etc. The skin layer 3, produced through a resin impregnation process under high temperature and pressure, is a type of fire-resistant building material for surface devices, possessing rich surface colors and textures, and exhibiting good fire resistance.

[0041] The core layer 1 mentioned above is made of foamed polypropylene, which is a highly crystalline polypropylene / CO2 thermoplastic composite material. It has excellent vibration resistance and energy absorption, high recovery rate after deformation, and good heat resistance, chemical resistance, oil resistance and heat insulation. It is lightweight, green and environmentally friendly and recyclable.

[0042] The manufacturing process of the above-mentioned partition panels is as follows:

[0043] First, check the surfaces of the reinforcing layer 2 and the skin layer 3 for scratches, cracks, damage, etc., and select the skin layer 3 with a uniform surface color. Check the core layer 1 to see if the surface is flat and free of dirt, impurities, raw materials, or other defects.

[0044] Then, use a non-woven cloth soaked in isopropyl alcohol to wipe away dust and dirt from the surfaces of the core layer 1, reinforcing layer 2, and skin layer 3, so that the bonding surfaces are free of dust, oil stains, and other contaminants, and remain clean and dry.

[0045] Next, use an electric mixer to mix the adhesive (two-component epoxy resin) evenly, and use a scraper to apply the adhesive to the surface of the reinforcing layer 2, ensuring that the amount of adhesive is uniform. Place the core layer 1 on the first reinforcing layer 2 after applying the adhesive, and then place the second reinforcing layer 2 after applying the adhesive on the other surface of the core layer 1, forming a sandwich structure of reinforcing layer 2-core layer 1-reinforcing layer 2.

[0046] Next, use a squeegee to apply adhesive to the surface of the skin layer 3, ensuring that the amount of adhesive is uniform. Place the sandwich structure on the surface of the first skin layer 3 after applying adhesive, and then place the second skin layer 3 after applying adhesive on the other surface of the sandwich structure to form a five-layer composite structure of skin layer 3-reinforcing layer 2-core layer 1-reinforcing layer 2-skin layer 3.

[0047] Clean the workbench of the hot press to ensure there are no debris on the surface. Set the pressure and temperature, place the composite structure on the workbench of the hot press, and start the curing process.

[0048] After curing, the finished product is cut into partition panels of different shapes and sizes as needed to meet the interior design requirements of rail vehicles.

[0049] During installation, first drill a pilot hole in the partition plate. Use an Allen wrench to screw the insert body 41 into the partition plate, making the upper surface of the insert body 41 flush with the upper surface of the partition plate. Insert the spring stop 42 along the groove 412 inside the insert body 41. The elastic spring stop 42 deforms under force during insertion. When the protrusion 421 on the spring stop 42 enters the through hole 411 on the insert body 41, it springs back, and the protrusion 421 is precisely locked in the two through holes 411. Under the action of the rebound force, the protrusion 421 smoothly inserts into the core layer 1, preventing relative movement between the expansion insert and the partition plate, improving the holding force, and preventing the expansion insert from coming out. Then, place the hinge or other hardware on the partition plate and install it by tightening the screws.

[0050] The partition panels described above offer significant advantages, including lighter weight, higher strength, acid and alkali resistance, wear resistance, good sound insulation, flame retardancy, environmental friendliness, and recyclability, thus reducing the overall lifespan of rail vehicles. Furthermore, this solution eliminates the need for pre-embedded plywood reinforcement structures, avoiding the complex manufacturing processes and increased overall structural weight associated with pre-embedded plywood.

[0051] In addition, the skin layer 3 can meet the requirements of different colors and patterns, thus better meeting the interior requirements.

[0052] Based on the above technical solutions, this embodiment also provides a core layer manufacturing process, including:

[0053] Step 1: Mix 50%-80% polypropylene, 20%-30% flame retardant, 5%-10% antioxidant, 1%-5% powdered superconducting carbon nanotubes, and 1%-10% nickel-plated calcium silicate by weight.

[0054] Step 2: The mixed materials are melted and plasticized into granules using a twin-screw extruder;

[0055] Step 3: Foam the granular material to obtain foamed granules;

[0056] Step 4: Pre-press the foamed granules and then dry them to obtain core layer 1.

[0057] The above step one can be implemented using the following scheme:

[0058] First, place the granular superconducting carbon nanotubes into a grinder and grind them into powder particles of a preset diameter. The preset diameter can be around 30 nanometers.

[0059] Then, nickel sulfate, sodium hypophosphite, and sodium citrate dihydrate are dissolved in distilled water, and the activated calcium silicate is added to the solution to obtain nickel-plated calcium silicate.

[0060] Next, preheat the mixer to approximately 120°C. Add 50%-80% polypropylene, 20%-30% flame retardant, 5%-10% antioxidant, 1%-5% powdered superconducting carbon nanotubes, and 1%-10% nickel-plated calcium silicate by weight to the mixer and stir at high speed for about 30 minutes until homogeneous. Conductive color masterbatch can also be added during this process.

[0061] Step two above specifically involves: placing the mixed material from step one into a twin-screw extruder, allowing the mixed material to be fully dispersed and plasticized at a preset temperature, which can be around 190°C.

[0062] The mixed material is extruded through a die to a diameter of approximately 1 mm. It is then cut into uniform granules, each about 1 mm long, using a high-precision cutter. Finally, a vibrating screen filters out any granules that are too short, yielding high-polymer polypropylene (PP) particles.

[0063] Step three above specifically involves: placing the granular material (i.e., PP particles) obtained in step two into a reactor, controlling the temperature inside the reactor at approximately 140°C, introducing carbon dioxide into the reactor, and foaming under a preset pressure. The pressure is then instantaneously released to the atmosphere to obtain foamed particles. The preset pressure can be 4.5 MPa, and the foaming ratio is 15 times.

[0064] Step four above specifically involves: placing the material foamed in the reactor in step three into a pre-compression tank for pre-compression, molding it with high-pressure steam at a pressure of 4 MPa for 12 hours. Then, placing the pre-compressed material into a drying oven for drying at approximately 80°C for 2 hours to obtain the dried core layer 1.

[0065] Nickel-plated calcium silicate can withstand high temperatures of 1540℃, which can enhance the toughness of foamed products, improve tensile strength, and make the products less prone to aging. Nickel-plated calcium silicate itself is conductive, and when combined with conductive masterbatch and superconducting carbon nanotubes, it can form a material with better conductivity, which plays a positive role in improving the vibration absorption of materials and broadening the operating frequency band of vibration-absorbing materials.

[0066] In addition, carbon dioxide foaming is used without adding any foaming agent, thus avoiding the use of toxic foaming agents. Generally, foaming agents can also weaken the flame retardant effect, so this implementation method is more environmentally friendly.

[0067] The core layer 1 obtained by the above scheme has a wide operating frequency band, good toughness, is not easy to age during long-term operation, and is easy to handle; it is also non-toxic, harmless, flame retardant, and does not contain any heavy metals, making it more environmentally friendly; in addition, the above preparation method has a shorter cycle, reduces the material forming conditions, and reduces manufacturing costs while improving production efficiency.

[0068] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0069] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0070] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0071] Although preferred embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this application.

[0072] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A partition panel, characterized in that include: Core layer; The core layer is foamed polypropylene; The reinforcing layers are bonded to the upper and lower surfaces of the core layer, respectively; the reinforcing layers are made of epoxy resin prepreg reinforced with composite fibers; Skin layer; each reinforcing layer has a skin layer bonded to its outer surface away from the core layer; the skin layer is a fire-resistant board; An expansion sleeve for connecting a skin layer, a reinforcing layer, and a core layer; the expansion sleeve includes: a sleeve body and a spring stop; the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve body is provided with external threads for screwing into the skin layer, the reinforcing layer, and the core layer; the sleeve body is provided with a receiving space for accommodating the spring stop; the side wall of the sleeve body is provided with a through hole, which communicates with the receiving space; the spring stop is disposed in the sleeve body and extends out from the through hole; The side wall of the main body of the threaded sleeve is provided with two symmetrical through holes; the two sides of the spring stop are provided with symmetrical protrusions, which extend out from the through holes; The spring stop includes a fixed part and a deformable part, with the deformable part located at both ends of the fixed part; when the spring stop is in a free state, the two deformable parts are in a position far apart from each other and the included angle between the deformable part and the fixed part is greater than or equal to 90°; the middle part of the deformable part bends outward to form a protrusion.

2. The panel according to claim 1, characterized in that One end of the main body of the threaded sleeve is provided with a connecting groove for cooperating with the operating tool.

3. The panel according to claim 2, characterized in that The connecting groove is an internal hexagonal groove.

4. The panel according to claim 1, characterized in that The cross-section of the spring stop is circular; the inner wall of the threaded sleeve body is provided with a slot for accommodating the spring stop, and the through hole communicates with the slot.

5. The panel according to claim 1, wherein The skin layer comprises at least one of base paper, kraft paper, and titanium dioxide paper, which is formed by impregnation with a resin material.

6. The panel according to claim 5, characterized in that The core layer is manufactured using the following process: Mix 50%-80% polypropylene, 20%-30% flame retardant, 5%-10% antioxidant, 1%-5% powdered superconducting carbon nanotubes, and 1%-10% nickel-plated calcium silicate by weight. The mixed materials are melted and plasticized into granules using a twin-screw extruder; The granular material is foamed to obtain foamed granules; The foamed granules are pre-compressed and then dried to obtain the core layer.

7. A rail vehicle, characterized by include: The partition wall as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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