Chinese herbal medicine extract for improving intestinal health of Bama miniature pigs and preparation process of Chinese herbal medicine extract

Abstract

The invention discloses a Chinese herbal medicine extract for improving intestinal health of Bama miniature pigs. The extract is a gynostemma pentaphyllum aqueous extract. Tests prove that the intestinal flora of the Bama miniature pigs can be improved by adding a certain amount of the Chinese herbal medicine extract into daily feed, so that the intestinal health of the Bama miniature pigs is improved, the diarrhea rate is reduced, and the growth performance is promoted. Therefore, the gynostemma pentaphylla aqueous extract has potential application value in the aspect of improving the intestinal health of the Bama miniature pigs and can be used as a feed additive. In conclusion, the invention has the characteristics of natural raw material source, easiness in preparation, low residue, low cost, low drug resistance and no toxic or side effect. The product is powdery and very convenient to use, effectively solves the problems that the gynostemma pentaphyllum is difficult to extract and difficult to extract and the like through process optimization, can effectively retain active substances and effective components, and has no influence on content determination and quality control of medicines. In addition, unnecessary consumption in the production process is reduced, the production cost is reduced, and the method is suitable for industrial production and popularization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of Chinese herbal medicine feed additives, and in particular relates to a Chinese herbal medicine extract for improving intestinal health of Bama Xiang pigs and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] The development of new safe, green, residue-free and efficient feed additives has become the research focus of the feed industry. As a medicine and food, Gynostemma pentaphyllum contains rich saponins, flavonoids, polysaccharides, amino acids and various trace elements, and has the effects of lowering blood sugar and blood lipids, anti-tumor, immunomodulation, protecting the liver and cardiovascular, and anti-oxidation. However, there is a lack of systematic research on the preparation of Gynostemma pentaphyllum extracts.

[0003] Bama Xiang pig is a South China type pig with strong adaptability to the environment. It has the advantages of tolerance to roughage, good adaptability, large litter size, tender meat, delicious taste, and rich nutrition. It is deeply loved by farmers and farmers in the country. In addition, Bama Xiang pork contains a special substance rich in unsaturated fatty acids, which has multiple pharmacological activities and has unique effects on beauty, health care and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the industrial development of Bama Xiang pig has broad prospects. The domestic Bama Xiang pig breeding industry is still in its infancy. Research on Bama Xiang pigs mainly focuses on standardized healthy breeding. There are few studies on improving the production performance and immune ability of Bama Xiang pigs. There are still many problems in the breeding process that need to be better solved.

[0004] Bama Xiang pigs are prone to intestinal health problems during the breeding process due to various factors, such as changes in the breeding environment, weaning stress, disease, oxidative stress, vaccination, etc. Mild diarrhea can affect the normal growth and development of piglets, and severe diarrhea can lead to a decrease in their immunity. If not treated in time, it will cause huge losses to the pig farming industry. Therefore, how to reduce or eliminate such factors is an issue that the Bama Xiang pig farming industry must pay attention to. In daily management, some drugs and antibiotics for treating diarrhea are mainly used for treatment and prevention. However, they have certain side effects and are prone to drug resistance, and will have a certain impact on the quality of pig products. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a Chinese herbal extract for improving intestinal health of Bama Xiang pigs, which is pure natural, easy to prepare, low in residue, low in cost, low in drug resistance, and non-toxic and side effects, and a preparation process thereof. The product can effectively improve its intestinal flora, improve intestinal health, promote growth performance, and reduce diarrhea rate.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] Application of Gynostemma pentaphyllum water extract in preparing medicine, feed or feed additive for improving intestinal health of Bama Xiang pigs.

[0008] Bama Xiang pig uses a Chinese herbal extract for improving intestinal health, which is a water extract of Gynostemma pentaphyllum.

[0009] The preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine extract is to extract Gynostemma pentaphyllum by water extraction and then concentrate it.

[0010] The preparation method is operated according to the following steps: adding distilled water to Gynostemma pentaphyllum, fully mixing, soaking, water bathing, and obtaining an extract; filtering the extract, heating and concentrating the filtrate, and obtaining a concentrate; adding distilled water to the concentrate, placing it on a tray, freezing it overnight, freeze-drying it, and crushing it to obtain a Gynostemma pentaphyllum water extract.

[0011] Gynostemma pentaphyllum is Gynostemma pentaphyllum dry powder, which is obtained by crushing Gynostemma pentaphyllum into 80 meshes.

[0012] The mass volume ratio of Gynostemma pentaphyllum to distilled water is 1:10 to 1:30.

[0013] Water bath and filter twice each, first water bath at 60-80℃ for 1h-3h to obtain extract solution 1, then filter through 4 layers of 100-mesh gauze to obtain filtrate 1 for standby use; add the same volume of distilled water to the filter residue again, water bath at 60-80℃ for 1h-3h to obtain extract solution 2, then filter through 4 layers of 100-mesh gauze to obtain filtrate 2 for standby use; combine the two filtrates.

[0014] The mass volume ratio of Gynostemma pentaphyllum to distilled water is 1:30; the water bath temperature is 80°C, and each time is 2h.

[0015] Concentrated to 1g / ml original medicinal material, density 1.2~1.4g / ml.

[0016] The method of using the above-mentioned Chinese herbal medicine extract as a feed additive is to mix 1-20g of Gynostemma pentaphyllum water extract / kg of feed into the basic feed for feeding.

[0017] In response to the intestinal health problems in Bama Xiang pig breeding, the inventor developed a Chinese herbal extract for improving intestinal health for Bama Xiang pigs, which is a water extract of Gynostemma pentaphyllum. Based on this, a corresponding preparation method was also established, in which Gynostemma pentaphyllum was extracted by water extraction and then concentrated.

[0018] Experiments have shown that adding a certain amount of the Chinese herbal extract of the present invention to daily feed can improve the intestinal flora of Bama miniature pigs, thereby improving their intestinal health, reducing diarrhea rate, and promoting growth performance. Therefore, the Gynostemma pentaphyllum water extract has potential application value in improving the intestinal health of Bama miniature pigs and can be considered for use as a feed additive. To this end, the inventors further investigated the effects of different amounts of Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract on the growth indicators of Bama miniature pigs and the effects on their intestinal flora indicators, explored their dose-effect relationship, and finally determined the optimal clinical dosage.

[0019] In summary, the raw material source of the present invention is natural, has the characteristics of easy preparation, low residue, low cost, low drug resistance, and no toxic side effects, and is a feed additive with sustainable development. The product of the present invention is in powder form, which is very convenient to use, and the inventor has effectively solved the problems of difficult extraction of Gynostemma pentaphyllum and complicated extraction procedures through process optimization, and can effectively retain active substances and effective ingredients, while having no effect on the content determination and quality control of the drug. In addition, the method reduces unnecessary consumption in the production process, reduces production costs, and is suitable for industrial production and promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The present invention is a graph showing the results of detecting the content of saponins in the preparation process of the Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract feed additive, wherein: A is the content of saponins in the Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract feed additive under different solid-liquid ratios; B is the content of saponins in the Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract feed additive under different extraction temperatures; C is the content of saponins in the Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract feed additive under different extraction times

[0021] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the results of polysaccharide content detection in the preparation process of the Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract feed additive of the present invention, wherein: A is the polysaccharide content of the Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract feed additive under different solid-liquid ratios; B is the polysaccharide content of the Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract feed additive under different extraction temperatures; C is the polysaccharide content of the Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract feed additive under different extraction times

[0022] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the results of the α analysis of the intestinal flora of the cecum of Bama Xiang pigs using the Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract feed additive of the present invention, wherein: A is the cecum Simpson index; and B is the cecum Shannon index.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the results of an analysis of the β diversity of the intestinal flora in the cecum of Bama Xiang pigs using the feed additive of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5This is a graph showing the effect of Gynostemma pentaphylum extract feed additive on the richness of intestinal flora in the cecum of Bama miniature pigs. In the graph: A is a richness difference analysis of Proteobacteria; B is a richness difference analysis of Firmicutes; C is a richness difference analysis of Bacteroidetes; D is a richness difference analysis of Escherichia-Shigella; E is a richness difference analysis of Lactobacillus; and F is a richness difference analysis of Terrisporobacter.

[0025] In the figure, the same letters indicate no significant difference (P>0.05), and the different letters indicate significant difference (P<0.05). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Development of Chinese herbal medicine extract feed additive for improving intestinal health of Bama Xiang pigs

[0027] 1. Preparation process of feed additive of the present invention

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Weigh an appropriate amount of Gynostemma pentaphyllum, grind it into 80-mesh dry powder, add distilled water according to different solid-liquid ratios of 1:10, 1:20, and 1:30, mix well, soak, and place in a water bath at 80°C for 2 hours; filter through 4 layers of 100-mesh gauze, and set aside the filtrate. Repeat the above operation for the residue to extract again, combine the two upper filtrates, heat and concentrate to 1g / ml of the original medicinal material, with a density of 1.2-1.4g / ml, add a certain volume of distilled water, place the solution on a tray and make the liquid level less than 1cm, freeze overnight, freeze-dry it in a freeze dryer, and pulverize it to obtain Gynostemma pentaphyllum water extract for later use.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] Weigh an appropriate amount of Gynostemma pentaphyllum, grind it into 80-mesh dry powder, add distilled water at a ratio of 1:20, mix well, soak, and place in a water bath at different temperatures of 70°C, 60°C, and 80°C for 2 hours; filter through 4 layers of 100-mesh gauze, and set aside the filtrate. Repeat the above operation on the residue for re-extraction, combine the two upper filtrates, heat and concentrate to 1 g / ml of the original medicinal material, with a density of 1.2-1.4 g / ml, add a certain volume of distilled water, place the solution on a tray and make the liquid level less than 1 cm, freeze overnight, freeze-dry it in a freeze dryer, and pulverize it to obtain a Gynostemma pentaphyllum water extract for later use.

[0032] Example 3

[0033] Weigh an appropriate amount of Gynostemma pentaphyllum, grind it into 80-mesh dry powder, add distilled water at a ratio of 1:20, mix thoroughly, soak, and place in a water bath at 80°C for different times of 1h, 2h, and 3h; filter through 4 layers of 100-mesh gauze, and set aside the filtrate. Repeat the above operation on the residue for re-extraction, combine the two upper filtrates, heat and concentrate to 1g / ml of the original medicinal material, with a density of 1.2-1.4g / ml, add a certain volume of distilled water, place the solution on a tray and make the liquid level less than 1cm, freeze overnight, freeze-dry it in a freeze dryer, and pulverize it to obtain a Gynostemma pentaphyllum water extract for later use.

[0034] Results: By Figure 1-2 It can be seen that the content of saponins and polysaccharides in Gynostemma pentaphyllum water extract increases with the increase of solid-liquid ratio, extraction temperature and extraction time. Finally, considering the comprehensive consideration of reducing cost and increasing content, the solid-liquid ratio is about 1:30, the extraction temperature is about 80℃, and the extraction time is about 2h.

[0035] 2. Method of using the feed additive of the present invention

[0036] The water extract of Gynostemma pentaphyllum obtained by the optimal process was used as a feed additive, and the drug-feed ratio was 4g / kg, 8g / kg, and 16g / kg, and the feed was mixed evenly, stirred fully, and set aside. The feed additive was fed daily according to the conventional pig farm feeding procedure, and fed 3 times a day. The pre-trial period of the experiment was 3d, and the main trial period was 28d. During this period, all pigs were kept in the same environment, with good ventilation, room temperature maintained at about 30℃, relative humidity controlled at 65% to 75%, free food and water, and daily management and epidemic prevention were carried out according to the conventional procedures of the pig farm.

[0037] 3. Study on the effect of the feed additive of the present invention on the growth performance and intestinal health of Bama Xiang pigs

[0038] Methods: 60 weaned piglets of 30-40 days old (provided by Bama Original Xiangzhu Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Industry Co., Ltd.) with similar weight and good health were randomly divided into 5 groups: blank control group, low-dose group of Gynostemma pentaphyllum water extract (addition of 0.4% in feed), medium-dose group (addition of 0.8% in feed), high-dose group (addition of 1.6% in feed), and drug control group (addition of 0.2% crude extract of Astragalus membranaceus in feed, provided by Chongqing Zhengtong Biological Development Co., Ltd.), each group was set up with 2 replicates, each replicate was raised in a separate pen, and each pen was raised with 6 piglets, half male and half female. After the pre-test period of 3 days and the main test period of 28 days, the growth index and intestinal flora index were determined.

[0039] Results: As shown in Table 1, after 14 days of continuous drug feeding, the final FBW (i.e., final body weight) and ADG (i.e., average daily weight gain) of weaned piglets in the high-dose group were significantly higher than those in the blank control group (P<0.01), the final FBW of weaned piglets in the medium-dose group was significantly higher than that in the blank control group (P<0.05), and the final FBW of weaned piglets in other drug groups increased, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05). The ADFI (i.e., average daily feed intake) of the medium- and high-dose groups was significantly higher than that of the blank group (P<0.05); after 28 days of continuous drug feeding, the final FBW of weaned piglets in the high-dose group was significantly higher than that of the blank control group and the Astragalus membranaceus crude extract group (P<0.01), and the ADFI of the medium- and high-dose groups was significantly higher than that of the blank group (P<0.05). During the entire drug administration period, the feed-to-weight ratio and diarrhea rate of piglets were reduced in each Gynostemma pentaphyllum aqueous extract dose group, among which the high-dose group had the most significant effect (P<0.01).

[0040] Depend on Figure 3-5 It can be seen that compared with the control group, the Shannon and Simpson indexes of the cecum in the groups supplemented with Gynostemma pentaphyllum water extract at various concentrations increased significantly (P<0.05), among which the increases in the 0.4% and 0.16% Gynostemma pentaphyllum water extract groups were the most obvious; the cecal β diversity in the 0.8% and 0.16% Gynostemma pentaphyllum water extract groups was significantly different (P<0.05); the abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidota in the cecal microbial flora in the 0.16% Gynostemma pentaphyllum water extract group was significantly increased (P<0.05), the abundance of Proteobacteria was significantly decreased (P<0.05), the abundance of Lactobacillus and Terrisporobacter was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the abundance of Escherichia-Shigella was significantly decreased (P<0.05).

[0041] In summary, adding the Gynostemma pentaphyllum aqueous extract of the present invention to feed can effectively improve the intestinal flora of Bama Xiang pigs, improve intestinal health, promote growth performance, reduce diarrhea rate, and improve disease resistance.

[0042] Conclusion: According to the test results, the clinical recommended usage and dosage of the Gynostemma pentaphyllum water extract for Bama miniature pigs is: mixed feeding, Bama miniature pigs, 16 grams (1.6%) per kilogram of feed, for 28 consecutive days.

[0043] In summary, the feed additive of the present invention can effectively improve the intestinal flora of Bama Xiang pigs, improve intestinal health, and promote their growth and development, and is worthy of further development and utilization. Daily promotion and use in the breeding process of Bama Xiang pigs can enhance their intestinal health. When the breeding environment changes within a certain range, it can effectively reduce the disorder of their intestinal flora, reduce their diarrhea rate, and maintain good development.

[0044] Table 1 Effects of Gynostemma pentaphyllum water extract feed additive on growth performance of Bama Xiang pigs

[0045]

[0046] Note: In the same row, if the uppercase and lowercase letters in the shoulder of the numbers are the same, the difference is not significant (P>0.05); if the uppercase letters are the same but the lowercase letters are different, the difference is significant (P<0.05); if the uppercase letters are completely different, the difference is extremely significant (P<0.01).

Claims

1. Application of Gynostemma pentaphyllum aqueous extract in the preparation of medicines, feeds or feed additives for improving the intestinal health of Bama Xiang pigs.

2. A Chinese herbal medicine extract for improving intestinal health of Bama Xiang pigs, characterized in that The extract is a water extract of Gynostemma pentaphyllum.

3. The method for preparing the Chinese herbal medicine extract according to claim 2, characterized in that: The product is obtained by extracting Gynostemma pentaphyllum with water and then concentrating it.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that The process is carried out according to the following steps: adding distilled water to Gynostemma pentaphyllum, mixing thoroughly, soaking, and water bathing to obtain an extract; filtering the extract, heating and concentrating the filtrate to obtain a concentrate; adding distilled water to the concentrate, placing it on a tray, freezing it overnight, freeze-drying it, and crushing it to obtain a Gynostemma pentaphyllum water extract.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The Gynostemma pentaphyllum is Gynostemma pentaphyllum dry powder, which is obtained by crushing Gynostemma pentaphyllum into 80 meshes.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mass volume ratio of the Gynostemma pentaphyllum to distilled water is 1:10 to 1:

30.

7. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water bath and filtration are performed twice each, firstly, the extract is bathed at 60-80°C for 1h-3h to obtain extract solution 1, and then filtered through 4 layers of 100-mesh gauze to obtain filtrate 1 for standby use; the filter residue is added with the same volume of distilled water again, and the extract is bathed at 60-80°C for 1h-3h to obtain extract solution 2, and then filtered through 4 layers of 100-mesh gauze to obtain filtrate 2 for standby use; the two filtrates are combined.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mass volume ratio of the Gynostemma pentaphyllum to distilled water is 1:30; the water bath temperature is 80° C., and each time is 2 hours.

9. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The original medicinal material concentrated to 1 g / ml has a density of 1.2 to 1.4 g / ml.

10. The method for using the Chinese herbal medicine extract as a feed additive according to claim 2, characterized in that: Mix 1-20g of Gynostemma pentaphyllum water extract / kg of feed into the basic feed and feed it.

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