Lepista sordida L-2 strain with neat fruiting and efficient cultivation technology

Abstract

The invention relates to a lepista sordida strain and an efficient cultivation technology thereof. The classification name of the lepista sordida is lepista sordida, the strain number of the lepista sordida is L-2, the temporary variety name of the lepista sordida is Da mushroom No.2, the lepista sordida is preserved in the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), the preservation address is No. 299 of eight road, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, the preservation number is CCTCC NO: M20241717, and the preservation date is July 31, 2024. The strain is thick in stem and thin in cover, neat in fruiting, obvious in tide, high in nutritional value, high in yield and strong in disease resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of microorganisms, and in particular to a pleurotus eryngii strain and a high-efficiency cultivation technology thereof. Background Art

[0002] Lepistasordida is a mushroom of the family Trichoderma and the genus Lepista, and is one of the rare grass-decomposing edible mushrooms with development potential. The fruiting body has the characteristics of bright color, delicious taste, rich nutrition, and high medicinal value, and is deeply favored by consumers.

[0003] However, in production, there are technical problems of fragile caps of the fruiting bodies of the scutellaria eryngii, poor transportation resistance, uneven fruiting, unclear tide times, and difficult management. These problems may affect its yield, quality, and commercialization process. The present invention is based on solving the problems of unclear tide times, uneven fruiting, and fragile caps of the fruiting bodies of the scutellaria eryngii. The breeding team carried out the investigation, collection, and domestication of new strains of the wild resources of the scutellaria eryngii in Dazhou City. By collecting wild scutellaria eryngii fruiting bodies, on the basis of systematic research on the biological characteristics, culture characteristics, and cultivation techniques of the isolated strains, a new strain of the scutellaria eryngii, 'L-2', with thick stalks and thin caps, uniform fruiting, and obvious tide times, was obtained through systematic domestication and selection. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention aims to provide a flower-faced shimeji mushroom with thick stalk and thin cap, neat mushroom production, obvious tide times, unbreakable cap, high nutritional value, high yield and strong disease resistance.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: On the one hand, the present invention provides a strain of Lepista sordida, characterized in that: the classification name of the strain is Lepista sordida, the strain number is Lepista sordida L-2, the tentative variety name is "Daxiang Mushroom No. 2", and it is preserved in the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), the preservation address is No. 299, Bayi Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, the preservation number is CCTCCNO: M20241717, and the preservation date is July 31, 2024.

[0006] Furthermore, the ITS sequence of the L-2 strain of the Oleander is shown in SEQ ID NO.3.

[0007] Furthermore, the spores of the L-2 strain of the flower-faced mushroom are colorless, transparent, smooth in surface, cylindrical or oval in shape, (4.0-5.0) um×(5.0-7.0) um in size, and have a lotus root pink to light pink print.

[0008] Furthermore, the mycelium of the L-2 strain of the leucoglossus is light purple and fluffy. Under a microscope, the mycelium is transparent, uniform in thickness, and has lock-like connections. The mycelium growth temperature is 3-28°C, and the optimum temperature is 20-25°C.

[0009] Furthermore, the fruiting bodies of the L-2 strain of the flower-faced mushroom are clustered or solitary. The cap is gray-purple to light purple, hemispherical to flat, slightly convex in the middle, and 2.4 to 5.5 cm in diameter; the flesh is purple, strong and fragrant; the gills are purple, flaky, slightly sparse, and unequal in length; the stipe is 8.0 to 13.0 cm long, 0.70 to 1.60 cm in diameter, compact, straight, nearly cylindrical, and slightly tapered upwards; the surface is the same color as the cap but slightly lighter, and the base is slightly swollen.

[0010] Furthermore, the growth period of the L-2 strain of the Oleander is about 110 days.

[0011] Furthermore, the L-2 strain of the flower-faced mushroom produces mushrooms in an even manner, with a total of 4 to 5 waves of mushroom production. After the last wave of mushrooms is finished, spraying water on the soil layer is stopped. Watering after cultivating the fungi for one week can stimulate the production of the next wave of mushrooms.

[0012] Furthermore, the biological efficiency of the L-2 strain of the Oleander is 45% to 50%.

[0013] Further, the suitable growth environment of the L-2 strain of the flower-faced mushroom is as follows: Temperature: Medium temperature mushroom-producing Basidiomycetes. The suitable temperature for mycelial growth is 3~28℃, and the most suitable temperature is 20~25℃; the fruiting temperature range is 8~25℃, and the most suitable temperature is 12~20℃. Under natural conditions, the whole growth period of fermentation bed cultivation is about 110 days. Temperatures below or above the growth range are not conducive to the normal growth of fruiting bodies.

[0014] Lighting: No light is needed during the growth of mycelium. Strong direct light is not conducive to the germination of mycelium and the differentiation of fruiting bodies. The formation of primordium requires a certain amount of scattered light. During the growth of fruiting bodies, the light intensity is preferably 200~400lx. If the light is too strong or too weak, the color of the fruiting body will become lighter.

[0015] Humidity: Relative humidity of air during fruiting body formation and growth is 80-90%.

[0016] Air: Mycelium requires less oxygen to grow; fruiting bodies need good ventilation for growth and development.

[0017] Nutrition: It is a grass-rotting fungus. The mycelium can utilize monosaccharides such as glucose and nitrogen sources such as peptone. During cultivation, corn cobs, rice straw, wheat straw, soybean straw, corn straw, etc. can be used as the main carbon sources, and cow dung, pig dung and other livestock and poultry manure or bran, soybean meal, corn flour can be used as nitrogen sources. At the same time, trace inorganic salts such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, gypsum, superphosphate, etc. need to be supplemented.

[0018] Acidity (pH): The suitable pH is 5-7.

[0019] In another aspect, the present invention provides a high-efficiency cultivation technology for Oleander mushrooms, the high-efficiency cultivation technology comprising the following steps: 1) Pre-wetting fermentation of culture medium 1.1) Prewetting: The compost is fully prewetted until it can be held in the hand and is loose when placed on the ground. The compost consists of 60% corn cobs, 36% dry cow dung, 2% lime and 2% gypsum.

[0020] 1.2) Fermentation: Add 1 / 2 of the lime and gypsum in step 1.1), mix well and pile for fermentation.

[0021] 2) Seeding One week before sowing, disinfect the cultivation site and then sow.

[0022] 3) Covering with soil Choose loose loam with good air permeability and water retention and pH value of 5.0-7.0. Add 2% lime to the soil particles one week in advance and mix them well and expose them to the sun for disinfection. 15-20 days after sowing, cover the bed with soil when the mycelium has eaten 2 / 3 of the material on the surface of the bed. The thickness of the soil layer is 2cm-3cm. When covering the soil, cover with coarse soil first, and then fill with fine soil until the surface is flat. The 2 / 3 of the material eaten refers to the consumption of 2 / 3 of the culture medium.

[0023] 4) Low temperature culture After soiling, make the soil moisture content about 30%~70%, cover with film to keep moisture. Remove the film in the morning and evening for ventilation. Wait for the mycelium to climb up the soil layer, remove the film for ventilation, dry the surface moisture of the covering soil layer, cover with film, and cultivate at 3~15℃ for post-maturation.

[0024] 5) Management during the mushroom cultivation period After 60-110 days of low temperature culture, spray water on the soil layer for 5-10 days, light stimulates the mycelium to twist and thicken, and the temperature of the mushroom house is controlled at 10-28℃. During the fruiting period, the moisture content of the soil layer is 50%-95%, the relative humidity of the air is 60%-95%, and light is required.

[0025] 6) Harvest When the mushroom is round, slightly curled at the edge, and the body is light purple or gray-purple, it is ready for harvest. When harvesting, gently twist the stem, twisting it left and right to pick the mushrooms, picking the big ones and leaving the small ones.

[0026] Preferably, the above step 1) is specifically as follows: the culture material is fully pre-wetted until it can be held in a ball and laid loose on the ground, 1 / 2 of the lime and gypsum in each formula is added, and after mixing, a pile of 2.0m wide x 1.5m high is built, the top of the pile is in the shape of a turtle back, and vents are inserted at intervals of 40cm, and the pile is piled for fermentation. After the culture material is piled for 3~5d, the pile temperature reaches 65℃~75℃, and the pile is turned for the first time after 3d. When turning the pile, 1 / 2 of the lime and gypsum in the formula are added in layers, and vents are inserted at intervals of 40cm to adjust the moisture content of the culture material to 65%~70%. After 2d~3d of the first turning of the pile, the pile temperature reaches 65℃~70℃ and is maintained for 3d, and the second turning of the pile is carried out, and water is added to adjust the moisture content of the culture material to 65%~70%, and vents are inserted every 1m on the top and sides of the pile. 6~8d after the second turning of the pile, the third turning of the pile is carried out, and vents are inserted every 1m in the middle of the pile.

[0027] Preferably, the above step 2) is specifically to sow using a 2m long × 1m wide × 2m high rack (4 layers). One week before sowing, clean the racks and spread 0.5kg of lime powder per square meter for disinfection at the cultivation site. Each layer of paving material is 12cm high × 80cm wide × 2m long, and is sown by layer sowing or hole sowing, with a seed amount of 1~1.5Kg per square meter. Each strain is sown on 3 racks (12 layers), and the sowing temperature is controlled at 18℃~25℃ and the humidity is controlled at about 80%.

[0028] Preferably, the above step 3) specifically selects loam with loose texture, good air permeability and water retention, and pH value of 5.0-7.0. It is best to select clay loam mixed with peat soil or forest surface soil under the tillage layer. Add 2% lime to the soil particles one week in advance and mix them and expose them to the sun for disinfection. 15-20 days after sowing, cover the soil when the mycelium on the surface of the bed has eaten 2 / 3 of the material. The soil layer thickness is 2cm-3cm. When covering the soil, cover the coarse soil first, and then fill it with fine soil until the surface is flat.

[0029] Preferably, the above step 4) specifically includes making the soil moisture content about 60% after covering with soil, and covering with film to keep moisture. The film is removed in the morning and evening for ventilation, each time for 15 minutes. After the mycelium climbs up the soil layer, the film is removed for ventilation, and the surface moisture of the covering soil layer is dried before covering with film, and then post-maturation culture is carried out at 6-12°C.

[0030] Preferably, the above step 5) specifically includes spraying heavy water on the soil layer (spraying water until the fine soil layer is shiny) for 1 week after low temperature culture for 90-100 days, irradiating with 100-300 lx to stimulate the mycelium to twist and thicken, controlling the temperature of the mushroom house at 15-23°C, and managing the fruiting. During the fruiting period, the moisture content of the soil layer is 85%-90%, the relative humidity of the air is 90%-95%, and the irradiation is 200-400 lx.

[0031] Preferably, in step 6), the mushrooms are harvested when they are round, slightly curled at the edges, and light purple or gray-purple in color. When harvesting, gently twist the stems, twist left and right to pick the mushrooms, pick the big ones and keep the small ones. Do not spray water on the mushroom bed 1 day before harvesting. After harvesting, tidy up the mushroom bed in time. Keep the soil moisture content at 60%, culture at 200lx~400lx for about 6 days, and manage the mushrooms in the same way as the first wave after the mushroom buds grow again.

[0032] Preferably, the flower-faced mushroom described in the aforementioned efficient cultivation technology of flower-faced mushroom is the flower-faced mushroom L-2 strain and its progeny, characterized in that: the classification name of the strain is flower-faced mushroom (Lepista sordida), the strain number is flower-faced mushroom L-2, the tentative variety name is "Daxiang Mushroom No. 2", and it is preserved in the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), the preservation address is No. 299, Bayi Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, the preservation number is CCTCC NO: M20241717, and the preservation date is July 31, 2024.

[0033] The present invention also provides the fruiting body produced by the Oleander L-2.

[0034] The invention also provides a mushroom stick obtained by cultivating the Mushroom Pleurotus eryngii L-2.

[0035] The present invention also provides application of the Oleander L-2 in Oleander cultivation.

[0036] The present invention also provides application of the Oleander L-2 in preparing food containing Oleander.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: The invention provides a new strain of shimeji mushroom, which has the following characteristics and advantages compared with existing common varieties: thick stalk and thin cap, unbreakable cap, uniform mushroom production, obvious tide times, high nutritional value, high yield, strong disease resistance, and a wide range of mycelium growth temperature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] The beneficial effects of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] Figure 1 These are the spore morphology characteristics, where Figure A is L-2, Figure B is Wei Da Xiang Mushroom No. 1, and Figure C is Jilin Hua Lian Xiang Mushroom No. 3.

[0040] Figure 2 These are the morphological characteristics of spore prints, where Figure A is L-2, Figure B is Wei Da Xiang Mushroom No. 1, and Figure C is Jilin Hua Lian Xiang Mushroom No. 3.

[0041] Figure 3These are the morphological characteristics of mycelium under culture conditions, where Figure A is L-2, Figure B is Wei Da Xiang Mushroom No. 1, and Figure C is Jilin Hua Lian Xiang Mushroom No. 3.

[0042] Figure 4 These are the microscopic morphological characteristics of mycelium, where Figure A is L-2, Figure B is Weidaxiang Mushroom No. 1, and Figure C is Jilin Hualianxiang Mushroom No. 3.

[0043] Figure 5 These are the fruiting body morphological characteristics, where Figure A is L-2, Figure B is Weida Xiang Mushroom No. 1, and Figure C is Jilin Hualian Xiang Mushroom No. 3.

[0044] Figure 6 These are mushroom yield charts, where Figure A is L-2, Figure B is Wei Da Xiang Mushroom No. 1, and Figure C is Jilin Hua Lian Xiang Mushroom No. 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meanings as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The experimental materials used in the following examples are purchased from conventional biochemical reagent stores unless otherwise specified.

[0047] Example 1 Strain breeding process: On October 12, 2019, the research team collected an upright wild fruiting body in Xiangjiaping Village, Guandu Town, Wanyuan City, numbered HL-19. The collection site was loam, pH 6, the temperature was 10-16℃, and the altitude was 1,356 meters. The wild fruiting body was found to be dark purple, with a medium to small cap, spread out in a wavy shape, clustered in weeds, and shaded. The HL-19 fruiting body was brought back to the laboratory of Dazhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences for morphological identification, and inoculated in PDA medium using the tissue separation method. Through continuous purification of the isolated strains, 12 test tube strains of pure flower-faced mushroom strains (L-1~L-12) were obtained. DNA molecular identification was performed on the isolated strains to obtain the ITS sequence, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the Neighbor-Joining method algorithm. The results showed that HL-19 was closely related to strains of Lepista sordida and separated from the branches of existing strains, indicating that the strain had genetic differences from existing strains. Combined with the fruiting body morphological characteristics data, the strain was determined to be Lepista sordida.

[0048] In the spring of 2020, the original strains and cultivars of strains Y1~Y12 were produced at the Liujiaba Experimental Base of Dazhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and fermented materials were used for cultivation and fruiting. The 12 test strains and 1 main cultivated strain (Daxiang Mushroom No. 1, the main cultivated variety) were compared, and data were recorded and analyzed for the performance of agronomic traits such as mycelium growth rate, fruiting body appearance, and yield of the HL-19 strain. The results showed that there were no significant differences in fruiting body appearance and fruiting period among L-2, L-7, and L-11, but there were differences in mushroom yield. Further rescreening verification tests were carried out at the Liujiaba Experimental Base, and the three better isolates obtained in the initial screening were rescreened for fruiting to further verify the strain yield, resistance to impurities, and stability, and to screen the target strains. From September 2020 to January 2021, the strains obtained in the initial screening were used for strain production and mushroom production. The results showed that the yield was higher than that of the main varieties. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted on the mushroom production tide, uniformity, single plant weight, biological efficiency, growth cycle, etc., and a comprehensive analysis was conducted in combination with the initial screening test data, indicating that L-2 was the best strain. Subsequently, the biological characteristics of the L-2 strain were tested and the data was verified in the laboratory. Antagonistic tests were conducted with existing strains in accordance with the "NY / T1845-2010 Antagonistic Reaction of Differential Identification of Edible Fungi Species". Combined with the biological characteristics of the strain and the mushroom production performance, the results showed that the L-2 strain had high yield, uniform mushroom production, and obvious tides, and could be used for subsequent regional tests.

[0049] Combining the biological characteristics and fruiting performance of the L-2 strain, a new strain of the shiitake mushroom with uniform fruiting, high yield and obvious tides was domesticated and was temporarily named "Daxiang Mushroom No. 2".

[0050] Example 2 Sequence Identification of Strain L-2: The process includes: Extraction of fungal genomic DNA: Extract according to the instructions of the Paisono Ezup column fungal genomic DNA extraction kit. Store the obtained DNA solution at -20°C for future use.

[0051] O to 39 μL.

[0052] The PCR program was: 95°C for 5 min; 95°C for 30 s; 58°C for 30 s; 72°C for 1 min; 35 cycles of the aforementioned temperature and time; and finally 72°C for 7 min.

[0053] The sequence of the ITS1 primer 595F is SEQ ID NO.1: 5'-TCCGTAGGTGAACCTGCGG-3'; The sequence of ITS4 is SEQ ID NO.2: 5'-TCCTCCGCTTATTGATATGC-3'; The identification sequence of the strain L-2 of the present invention is as follows: SEQ ID NO.3: ; The ITS sequences of the sequencing results were compared for homology using BLAST in NCBI. The molecular identification of the fungus species was performed with a similarity of more than 99% as the standard, and the identification result was Lepista sordida (flower-faced mushroom).

[0054] The strain isolated in this example was deposited in the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) on July 12, 2024, with the deposit address being No. 299, Bayi Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, with the deposit number being CCTCC NO: M20241717, and the deposit date being July 31, 2024.

[0055] Example 3 Morphological characteristics and biological properties: 1. Spores are colorless, transparent, smooth, cylindrical or oval, and have a size of (4.0-5.0)um×(5.0-7.0)um ( Figure 1 ), spore print lotus pink to light pink ( Figure 2 ).

[0056] 2. Mycelium is light purple and fluffy. Under a microscope, the mycelium is transparent, uniform in thickness, and has lock-like joints. The mycelium growth temperature is 3~28℃, and the optimum temperature is 20~25℃ ( Figure 3 , Figure 4 ).

[0057] 3. Fruiting bodies grow in clusters or singly. The cap is gray-purple to light purple, hemispherical to flat, slightly convex in the middle, and 2.4 to 5.5 cm in diameter; the flesh is purple, strong and fragrant; the gills are purple, flaky, slightly sparse, and of varying lengths; the stipe is 8.0 to 13.0 cm long, 0.70 to 1.60 cm in diameter, compact, straight, nearly cylindrical, and slightly tapered upwards; the surface is the same color as the cap but slightly lighter, and the base is slightly swollen ( Figure 5 ).

[0058] 4. Reproductive period The reproductive period is about 110 days.

[0059] 5. Biological efficiency Generally it is 45% to 50%.

[0060] 6. Disease and pest resistance Mycelium has strong resistance to diseases and pests.

[0061] 7. Suitable growth environment Temperature: Medium temperature mushroom-producing Basidiomycetes. The suitable temperature for mycelial growth is 3~28℃, and the most suitable temperature is 20~25℃; the fruiting temperature range is 8~25℃, and the most suitable temperature is 12~20℃. Under natural conditions, the whole growth period of fermentation bed cultivation is about 110 days. Temperatures below or above the growth range are not conducive to the normal growth of fruiting bodies.

[0062] Lighting: No light is needed during the growth of mycelium. Strong direct light is not conducive to the germination of mycelium and the differentiation of fruiting bodies. The formation of primordium requires a certain amount of scattered light. During the growth of fruiting bodies, the light intensity is preferably 200~400lx. If the light is too strong or too weak, the color of the fruiting body will become lighter.

[0063] Humidity: Relative humidity of air during fruiting body formation and growth is 80-90%.

[0064] Air: Mycelium requires less oxygen to grow; fruiting bodies need good ventilation for growth and development.

[0065] Nutrition: It is a grass-rotting fungus. The mycelium can utilize monosaccharides such as glucose and nitrogen sources such as peptone. During cultivation, corn cobs, rice straw, wheat straw, soybean straw, corn straw, etc. can be used as the main carbon sources, and cow dung, pig dung and other livestock and poultry manure or bran, soybean meal, corn flour can be used as nitrogen sources. At the same time, trace inorganic salts such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, gypsum, superphosphate, etc. need to be supplemented.

[0066] Acidity (pH): The suitable pH is 5~7.

[0067] Example 4 Comparison with 'Daxiang Mushroom No. 1' and 'Jilin Hualian Xiang Mushroom No. 3' strains 1. Morphological differences L-2 fruiting bodies grow in clusters, with gray-purple to light purple caps, hemispherical to flat, and slightly convex in the middle; Daxiang Mushroom No. 1 has a light purple cap, flat hemispherical, convex in the middle, and a water-invaded pattern on the edge, with the middle lighter than the edge; 'Jilin Hualian Xiang Mushroom No. 3' has a relatively flat cap, pink-purple, white in the middle, and convex ( Figure 5 ). The description and comparison of hyphae and fruiting bodies are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0068] The cap of the L-2 strain is hat-shaped and is not easy to open or flatten; the diameter of the cap is about 2-3cm, which is only 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the diameter of the cap of Daxiang Mushroom No. 1 or Jilin Hualian Xiang Mushroom No. 3, so it is not easy to break.

[0069] 2. Output Difference The biological efficiency of 'L-2' was 45%-50%, the biological efficiency of 'Daxiang Mushroom No. 1' (CK) was 40%-45%, and the biological efficiency of Jilin Flower Face Mushroom was 35%-40%. Under the same amount of bacterial seeding, L-2 increased the yield by 12.24% and 29.74% compared with the control (Table 2, Figure 6 ).

[0070] 3. Mushroom yield rate The L-2 strain produced mushrooms evenly, with 4 to 5 waves in total. After the last wave of mushrooms was over, stop spraying water on the soil layer. After one week of cultivation, water was added to stimulate the mushrooms to produce. Daxiang Mushroom No. 1 and Jilin Hualian Xiang Mushroom No. 3 (CK) had no obvious waves, and continuous management was required from the beginning of fruiting to the end of the fruiting period, about 60 days ( Figure 6 ).

[0071] 4. Growth rate The growth period of L-2 is about 110 days, and it takes 8-10 days for the fruiting body to mature from the bud; the growth period of Daxiang Mushroom No. 1 is about 85 days, and it takes about 5-7 days for the fruiting body to mature from the bud.

[0072] 5. Quality 6. Taste The taste of L-2 was crisper and tenderer than that of Daxiang Mushroom No. 1 and Jilin Hualian Xiang Mushroom No. 3. Stir-fry (add only cooking oil and salt), 10 people were randomly selected to taste, and the fruiting bodies of each strain were scored according to the scoring criteria in Table 4. The comparison of the scoring results is shown in Table 5.

[0073] Table 4 Fruiting body taste scoring criteria Table 5 Taste evaluation results of the fruiting bodies of Agaricus scaly 7. Stress resistance , set up three replicates, and counted the area of ​​fungal bed contamination (Penicillium, Gypsum mold) and fruiting body insect pest rate. The comparison of insect resistance characteristics and contamination rate is shown in Table 6. It is not susceptible to insect pests and is resistant to Penicillium and Gypsum mold.

[0074] Table 6 Comparison of insect resistance and contamination rate of shimeji mushroom 8. Biological efficiency In the autumn of 2022, the stainless steel layer bed planting method was used to sow the flower-faced mushroom strain. 15kg of culture medium (dry weight) was used per square meter, 2 bottles of strains (750ml / bottle) were used per square meter, and 3 replicates were set for each strain. The yield comparison is shown in Table 7: Table 7 Comparison of the yield of flower-faced mushroom (kg / m2) Example 4 Cultivation method of Oleander L-2 1) Fermentation of culture medium The culture material is fully pre-moistened until it can be held in a ball and laid loose on the ground. 1 / 2 of the lime and gypsum in each formula is added. After mixing, a pile of 2.0m wide x 1.5m high is built. The top of the pile is in the shape of a turtle back. Vent holes are inserted at intervals of 40cm. The pile is piled for fermentation. After 3~5 days of piling the culture material, the pile temperature reaches 65℃~75℃, and the pile is turned for the first time after 3 days. When turning the pile, add 1 / 2 of the lime and gypsum in the formula in layers, insert vent holes at intervals of 40cm, and adjust the moisture content of the culture material to 65%~70%. 2d~3d after the first turning of the pile, the pile temperature reaches 65℃~70℃ and is maintained for 3d. The second turning of the pile is carried out, and water is added to adjust the moisture content of the culture material to 65%~70%. Vent holes are inserted every 1m on the top and sides of the pile. 6~8d after the second turning of the pile, the third turning of the pile is carried out, and vent holes are inserted every 1m in the middle of the pile.

[0075] 2) Seeding Use 2m long × 1m wide × 2m high-rise racks (4 layers) for sowing. One week before sowing, clean the racks and spread 0.5kg of lime powder per square meter for disinfection. Each layer of paving material is 12cm high × 80cm wide × 2m long. Sowing is done by layer sowing or hole sowing, with a seed amount of 1~1.5Kg per square meter. Each strain is sown on 3 racks (12 layers), and the sowing temperature is controlled at 18℃~25℃ and the humidity is controlled at about 80%.

[0076] 3) Covering with soil Choose loose loam with good air permeability and water retention and a pH value of 5.0-7.0. It is best to use clay loam mixed with peat soil or forest surface soil under the tillage layer. Add 2% lime to the soil particles one week in advance and mix them in the sun for disinfection. 15-20 days after sowing, cover the soil when the mycelium on the surface of the bed has eaten 2 / 3 of the material. The soil layer thickness is 2cm-3cm. When covering the soil, cover with coarse soil first, and then fill with fine soil until the surface is flat.

[0077] 5) Low temperature culture After covering the soil, make the soil moisture content about 60%, and cover with film to keep moisture. Remove the film in the morning and evening for ventilation, 15 minutes each time. Wait for the mycelium to climb up the soil layer, remove the film for ventilation, dry the surface moisture of the covering soil layer, and then cover with film, and culture at 6~12℃ for post-maturation.

[0078] 5) Management during the mushroom cultivation period After 90-100 days of low-temperature cultivation, heavy water is sprayed on the soil layer for one week, and the light intensity is 100-300 lx to stimulate the mycelium to twist and thicken. The temperature of the mushroom house is controlled at 15-23℃, and the mushrooms are managed. During the fruiting period, the moisture content of the soil layer is 85%-90%, the relative humidity of the air is 90%-95%, and the light intensity is 2001x-4001x.

[0079] 6) Harvest When the mushrooms are round, slightly curled at the edges, and the color of the mushroom body is light purple or gray-purple, they can be harvested. When harvesting, gently twist the stems, twist left and right to pick the mushrooms, pick the big ones and keep the small ones. Do not spray water on the mushroom bed 1 day before harvesting. After harvesting, tidy up the mushroom bed in time. Keep the soil moisture content at 60%, and cultivate for about 6 days with 200lx~400lx of light. When the mushroom buds grow again, manage them the same as the first wave of mushrooms.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A strain of Mushroom, characterized in that: The strain is classified and named as Lepista sordida L-2, and its Latin name is Lepista sordida. The strain is preserved in the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), the preservation address is No. 299, Bayi Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, the preservation number is CCTCC NO: M20241717, and the preservation date is July 31, 2024.

2. An ITS sequence for identifying the strain according to claim 1, wherein the sequence is shown as SEQ ID NO.

3.

3. A fruiting body of the Oleander mushroom, which is produced by the strain described in claim 1.

4. A mushroom stick of Pleurotus eryngii, which is produced by the strain according to claim 1.

5. Use of the Oleurotus eryngii strain described in claim 1 in the cultivation of Oleurotus eryngii.

6. Use of the strain of Oleurotus eryngii according to claim 1 in preparing food containing Oleurotus eryngii.

7. A highly efficient cultivation method for shiitake mushrooms, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: 1) Pre-wetting of culture medium: The culture medium is fully pre-wetted until it can be held in a ball and is loose when placed on the ground. The culture medium is composed of 60% corn cobs, 36% dry animal manure, 2% lime, and 2% gypsum; 2) Fermentation of culture medium: Add 1 / 2 of the lime and gypsum in step 1), mix well and pile for fermentation; 3) Sowing: One week before sowing, disinfect the cultivation site and then sow; 4) Soil covering: Choose loose loam with good air permeability and water retention and a pH value of 5.0-7.

0. Add 2% lime to the soil particles one week in advance and sterilize them in the sun. 15-20 days after sowing, when the mycelium on the surface of the bed has eaten 2 / 3 of the material, cover the soil with a soil layer thickness of 2cm-3cm. When covering the soil, cover with coarse soil first, and then fill with fine soil until the surface is flat; 5) Low temperature culture: After planting, make the soil moisture content about 30%~70%, cover with film to keep moisture, remove the film in the morning and evening for ventilation, wait for the hyphae to climb up the soil layer, remove the film for ventilation, dry the surface moisture of the covering soil layer, then cover with film, and culture at 3~15℃; 6) Management during the mushroom cultivation period: After 60-110 days of low-temperature cultivation, spray water on the soil layer for 5-10 days. Light will stimulate the mycelium to twist and thicken. The temperature of the mushroom house should be controlled at 10-28℃. During the fruiting period, the moisture content of the soil layer should be 50%-95%, the relative humidity of the air should be 60%-95%, and light should be provided. 7) Harvesting: When the mushrooms are round in shape, with slightly curled edges and light purple or gray-purple in color, they can be harvested. When harvesting, gently twist the stems, twisting them left and right to pick the mushrooms, picking the big ones and leaving the small ones.

8. The high-efficiency cultivation method of Pleurotus eryngii as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The step 1) is specifically as follows: the culture material is fully pre-wetted until it can be held in a ball and laid loose on the ground, 1 / 2 of the lime and gypsum in each formula is added, and after mixing, a pile of 2.0m wide x 1.5m high is built, the top of the pile is in the shape of a turtle back, and vent holes are inserted at intervals of 40cm, and the pile is piled for fermentation. After the culture material is piled for 3~5 days, the pile temperature reaches 65℃~75℃, and the pile is turned for the first time after 3 days. When turning the pile, 1 / 2 of the lime and gypsum in the formula are added in layers, and vent holes are inserted at intervals of 40cm to adjust the moisture content of the culture material to 65%~70%. After 2d~3d of the first turning of the pile, the pile temperature reaches 65℃~70℃ and is maintained for 3d, and the second turning of the pile is carried out, and water is added to adjust the moisture content of the culture material to 65%~70%. Vent holes are inserted every 1m on the top and sides of the pile. After 6~8d of the second turning of the pile, the third turning of the pile is carried out, and vent holes are inserted every 1m in the middle of the pile.

9. The efficient cultivation method of the pleurotus eryngii according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lily-faced mushroom is the strain described in claim 1 or its offspring.

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