A circumferentially inlet gas swirl atomizing nozzle

Abstract

A circumferentially inlet gas swirl atomizing nozzle is designed to solve the problems of disordered airflow distribution and pressure imbalance in the gas storage chamber of existing atomizing nozzles, thereby improving atomization efficiency and powder quality. It includes a top cover, an air inlet plate, and a base. The top cover and air inlet plate cooperate to form a circumferentially inlet chamber and an annular outlet. The air inlet channel is arranged circumferentially along the air inlet chamber. Three guide vanes are provided at equal angles at the lower end of the top cover to guide the airflow direction. In addition, a metal liquid flow channel is provided in the center of the top cover, and the base has a slot for placing the air inlet pipe and fixing the nozzle. The circumferential air inlet channel and guide vanes create a vortex-like flow of gas, improving mixing efficiency, reducing vortices and dead zones, achieving pressure balance within the chamber, and forming a strong, rotating airflow to optimize the atomization effect. It is suitable for metal powder preparation. By improving the structural design of the atomizing nozzle, it significantly improves the particle size uniformity and sphericity of the atomized powder, reduces satellite powder, and improves powder yield and powder quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal powder manufacturing technology, and in particular to a circumferentially inlet gas swirl atomizing nozzle. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of metal powder manufacturing, powder preparation technology has a crucial impact on the performance and application range of materials. Currently, the main methods for powder preparation include atomization, reduction, crushing, and mechanical alloying. Among these, atomization, due to its ability to produce powders with good sphericity, uniform composition, and excellent flowability, is widely used in many high-tech fields such as additive manufacturing, vacuum brazing, and soft magnetic materials, becoming one of the mainstream technologies.

[0003] The basic principle of atomization is to use a high-speed, high-pressure inert gas (such as argon) to break molten metal into tiny droplets. These droplets rapidly cool and solidify during flight, eventually forming metal powder. In this process, the atomizing nozzle, as a key component of the entire atomization process, directly affects whether the molten metal can be effectively broken into fine and uniform droplets, thus determining the quality of the final powder and the atomization efficiency.

[0004] However, traditional atomizing nozzle designs often suffer from turbulent airflow distribution and pressure imbalance within the gas storage chamber. Traditional nozzles typically employ a design with two air inlet pipes aligned with the central axis of the spray disc. This design leads to energy loss and increased turbulence when the airflow collides with the inner chamber wall, resulting not only in uneven airflow distribution but also the formation of localized high-pressure zones. These localized high-pressure zones not only cause airflow backflow and irregular flow but also negatively impact the atomization effect of the molten metal, reducing atomization efficiency and powder quality, while also affecting the stability of the entire system.

[0005] Therefore, improving the design of atomizing nozzles to solve the problems of disordered airflow distribution and pressure imbalance within the gas storage chamber in existing technologies has become a pressing technical challenge for those skilled in the art. A well-designed atomizing nozzle air intake method is crucial for improving atomization efficiency, enhancing powder quality, and strengthening the overall stability of the system.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a novel circumferentially inlet gas swirl atomizing nozzle, which aims to improve airflow characteristics and enhance the uniformity and stability of airflow within the cavity by optimizing the airflow method and internal structural design, thereby improving the quality and uniformity of the atomized powder. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a circumferentially inlet gas swirl atomizing nozzle, which solves the technical problems of disordered airflow distribution and uneven pressure in the gas storage chamber of the atomizing nozzle in the existing field of metal powder manufacturing, especially in the process of preparing metal powder by gas atomization.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a circumferentially inlet gas swirl atomizing nozzle, including an upper cover, an air inlet plate and a base. The upper cover and the air inlet plate cooperate to form an air inlet chamber and an annular slot outlet that communicate with the air inlet channel. The air inlet channel allows air to enter circumferentially along the air inlet chamber. Three guide vanes are provided at equal angles along the circumference at the lower end of the upper cover. The guide vanes are tangent to the air inlet hole. A molten metal flow channel is provided at the center of the upper cover and extends to the lower end face of the base. The base has a slot for placing the air inlet pipe and fixing the gas atomizing nozzle in the melting chamber. The guide vanes are engaged and fixed with the trapezoidal groove on the inner wall of the air inlet plate by trapezoidal bosses.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the top cover, air intake plate, and base are coaxially arranged, and a sealed design is adopted between the air intake plate and the top cover.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, three stepped air intake holes are provided at equal angles on the air intake plate, and the air outlet of the air intake holes is located on the inner wall of the air intake plate and is tangent to the inner wall of the air intake plate.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the outlet end of the air inlet is located on the inner wall of the air inlet plate and is arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the air inlet plate, so that the air inlet channel is tangential to the inner wall of the air inlet plate, and the high-pressure gas enters tangentially along the inner wall of the air storage cavity to form a rotating airflow.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, there are three air inlets, which are distributed at equal angles along the circumference, and each air inlet provides an equal gas flow rate.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the left side plane of the guide vane is tangent to the air inlet, the outer diameter of the air inlet cavity is equal to the radius of the outer contour line of the guide vane, and the radius of the inner contour line of the guide vane is equal to the difference between the outer diameter of the air inlet cavity and the distance between the center of the inner contour line of the guide vane and the center of the upper cover.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the cross-section formed by the air intake chamber along the central axis of the liquid flow channel includes a set of contour lines, and the cross-section of the air intake chamber gradually shrinks from the periphery to the center, with a smooth transition using rounded corners.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the air intake chamber and the upper cover are sealed by an annular stepped surface and connected by bolts, with a metal sealing gasket provided on the annular step.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the circumferential seam outlet is configured as two parallel lines, with the circumferential seam outlet width set to 0.5~3mm, the circumferential seam outlet section length set to 3~7mm, and the spray angle set to 10~90°.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the base has slots at equal angles along its circumference to accommodate the air intake pipe, and the base also has stepped holes along its circumference for fixing to the bottom plate of the melting chamber with bolts.

[0018] The circumferential air intake gas swirl atomizing nozzle provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. This invention solves the problems in the existing field of metal powder manufacturing, especially in the process of preparing metal powder by gas atomization, such as disordered airflow distribution and uneven pressure in the gas storage chamber of the atomizing nozzle, and the unsatisfactory atomization effect, low efficiency, and inconsistent powder quality caused by disordered, uneven and uneven airflow distribution and uneven pressure.

[0020] 2. The design of the circumferential air intake channel in this invention changes the traditional air intake method of the atomizing nozzle facing the central axis of the spray disc. The circumferential air intake channel design makes the gas form a vortex flow, which improves the mixing efficiency.

[0021] 3. The design of the air inlet holes of the present invention is that the three air inlets are distributed at equal angles along the circumference, and each air inlet provides an equal gas flow rate, ensuring that the gas enters evenly from all directions and reducing the formation of local high pressure areas.

[0022] 4. The guide vanes of this invention are set in the air intake chamber to effectively guide the airflow direction, reduce mutual interference between airflows from adjacent air intake holes, and improve the airflow characteristics.

[0023] 5. This invention, through the setting of circumferential air intake and guide vanes, enables the gas to form a rotating airflow, generating stronger shearing force, more effectively breaking up molten metal, and improving atomization efficiency.

[0024] 6. The rotating airflow setting of the present invention can more evenly disperse the liquid metal, forming fine and uniform droplets, and finally obtain metal powder with fine particle size, good sphericity and uniform particle size distribution.

[0025] 7. This invention reduces satellite powder generation and improves powder consistency and quality by optimizing airflow distribution and reducing turbulence;

[0026] 8. The improved nozzle design of this invention reduces the formation of local high-pressure zones, avoids problems such as airflow backflow and irregular flow, and enhances the overall stability of the system;

[0027] 9. The atomizing nozzle provided by this invention can significantly improve the quality and consistency of metal powder during the preparation of metal powder, reduce the generation of satellite powder, and produce powder with good sphericity and uniform particle size distribution. This technical effect has significant advantages and application value in the field of metal powder manufacturing.

[0028] 10. The atomizing nozzle design of the present invention is easy to clean and maintain, reducing production costs; its modular design allows for flexible adjustments according to actual needs, further broadening its application range in different metal powder preparation processes. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0030] Figure 1 This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of a partial structure V of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle along the horizontal direction and a schematic diagram of the airflow path of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the air inlet and guide vanes of partial structure VI of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flow guide cover of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the intake disc structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide vane of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the SEM morphology of the metal powder obtained in Example 3 of this invention;

[0039] In the diagram: 1. Top cover; 2. Inlet plate; 3. Base; 4. Inlet pipe; 5. Sealing gasket; 6. Guide vane; 7. Circular seam outlet; 101. Liquid flow channel; 201. Inlet chamber; 202. Inlet hole; 203. Trapezoidal groove. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0041] Example 1

[0042] like Figures 1-7As shown, a circumferentially inlet gas swirl atomizing nozzle includes an upper cover 1, an air inlet plate 2, and a base 3. The upper cover 1 and the air inlet plate 2 cooperate to form an air inlet chamber 201 communicating with an air inlet channel and an annular slot outlet 7. The air inlet channel allows air to enter circumferentially along the air inlet chamber 201. Three guide vanes 6 are provided at equal angles along the circumference at the lower end of the upper cover 1. The guide vanes 6 are tangent to the air inlet hole 202. A metal liquid flow channel 101 is provided at the center of the upper cover 1, which extends to the lower end face of the base 3. The base 3 has a slot for placing the air inlet pipe 4 and fixing the gas atomizing nozzle in the melting chamber. The guide vanes 6 are engaged and fixed with the trapezoidal groove 203 on the inner wall of the air inlet plate 2 by trapezoidal bosses.

[0043] In this embodiment, the upper cover 1, the air intake plate 2, and the base 3 are coaxially arranged, and the air intake plate 2 and the upper cover 1 are sealed together.

[0044] Furthermore, three stepped air inlets 202 are provided at equal angles on the air inlet plate 2, and the air outlets of the air inlets 202 are located on the inner wall of the air inlet plate 2 and are tangent to the inner wall of the air inlet plate 2.

[0045] Furthermore, the outlet end of the air inlet 202 is located on the inner wall of the air inlet plate 2 and is arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the air inlet plate 2, so that the air inlet channel is tangential to the inner wall of the air inlet plate 2, and the high-pressure gas enters tangentially along the inner wall of the air storage cavity to form a rotating airflow.

[0046] Furthermore, there are three air inlets 202, which are distributed at equal angles along the circumference, and each air inlet 202 provides an equal gas flow rate.

[0047] Furthermore, the left side plane of the guide vane 6 is tangent to the air inlet 202, the outer diameter of the air inlet chamber 201 is equal to the radius of the outer contour line of the guide vane 6, and the radius of the inner contour line of the guide vane 6 is equal to the difference between the outer diameter of the air inlet chamber 201 and the distance between the center of the inner contour line of the guide vane 6 and the center of the upper cover.

[0048] Furthermore, the cross-section formed by the air intake chamber 201 along the central axis of the liquid flow channel 101 includes a set of contour lines. The cross-section of the air intake chamber 201 gradually shrinks from the periphery to the center and adopts a smooth transition with rounded corners.

[0049] Furthermore, the air intake chamber 201 is sealed to the upper cover 1 by an annular stepped surface and is connected by bolts, with a metal sealing gasket 5 provided on the annular step.

[0050] Furthermore, the annular seam outlet 7 is configured as two parallel lines, with the annular seam outlet width set to 0.5~3mm, the annular seam outlet section length set to 3~7mm, and the spray angle set to 10°~90°.

[0051] Furthermore, the base 3 has slots at equal angles along the circumference for placing the air inlet pipe 4, and the base 3 also has stepped holes along the circumference for fixing to the bottom plate of the melting chamber with bolts.

[0052] Furthermore, the atomizing nozzle is suitable for the preparation of metal powders, especially for the preparation of metal powders with good sphericity and uniform particle size distribution by gas atomization.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] In another preferred embodiment, based on embodiment 1, see [reference needed]. Figures 1-7 A gas atomizing nozzle includes an upper cover 1, an air inlet plate 2, and a base 3 distributed vertically. These components are coaxially arranged to ensure the stability and uniformity of the airflow. The upper cover 1 and the air inlet plate 2 cooperate to form an air inlet chamber 202 and an annular slot outlet 7 that communicate with the air inlet channel. The air inlet channel allows air to enter the air inlet chamber 202 circumferentially, causing the gas entering the nozzle to form a vortex flow. This design can effectively improve the mixing efficiency of gas and liquid phase materials and improve the flow characteristics of the airflow.

[0055] Furthermore, the technical solution of this embodiment also includes three guide vanes 6 arranged at equal angles along the circumference at the lower end of the upper cover 1. The guide vanes 6 are tangent to the air inlet 201 and are used to guide the airflow direction. The arrangement of the guide vanes 6 can reduce the mutual interference between the airflows of adjacent air inlets 201, improve the flow characteristics of the airflow, make the airflow flow more smoothly, and reduce turbulence and vortices. At the same time, the guide vanes 6 and the air inlet plate 2 are engaged and fixed by the trapezoidal protrusion on the guide vane 6 and the trapezoidal groove 203 on the inner wall of the air inlet plate, ensuring the stability and reliability of the guide vanes.

[0056] Furthermore, the technical solution of this embodiment also optimizes the structural design of the air inlet chamber 202 and the annular slot outlet 7; the cross-section formed by the air inlet chamber 202 along the central axis of the liquid flow channel 101 is composed of contour lines, and the cross-section gradually shrinks from the periphery to the center to achieve a smooth transition of airflow and reduce airflow loss; the annular slot outlet 7 is set as two parallel lines to stabilize the outlet airflow and further reduce the formation of turbulence.

[0057] Specifically, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the number of air inlets 201 is set to three, and they are distributed at equal angles along the circumference. Each air inlet 201 provides an equal gas flow rate. This design can ensure that the gas enters evenly from all directions, reduce the local high pressure zone caused by high flow rate air intake at a single point, and achieve pressure balance in the entire cavity. At the same time, the number of air inlets can be reselected according to the size of the gas storage cavity to achieve the best airflow distribution effect.

[0058] Furthermore, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the left side plane of the guide vane 6 is tangent to the air inlet 201, and the contour parameters of the guide vane 201 are precisely calculated to ensure a smooth transition and uniform distribution of airflow; at the same time, the width, length and injection angle of the annular slot outlet 7 can also be adjusted according to actual needs to optimize the atomization effect.

[0059] Through the above technical solution, the atomizing nozzle provided in this embodiment can significantly improve airflow characteristics, enhance the uniformity and stability of airflow in the cavity, thereby improving the quality and uniformity of atomized powder. Compared with the prior art, the atomizing nozzle of this embodiment has better atomization effect and higher system stability, providing a new solution for the preparation of metal powder.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] In another preferred embodiment, based on embodiments 1 and 2, see [reference needed]. Figure 1 , Figure 2 This embodiment provides a gas atomizing nozzle for metal powder preparation, including an upper cover 1, an air inlet plate 2, a base 3, an air inlet pipe 4, a sealing gasket 5, a guide vane 6, and an annular outlet 7, the specific structure of which is described below.

[0062] See Figure 6 , Figure 7 The upper cover 1, the air inlet plate 2, and the base 3 are coaxially arranged to ensure the stability of airflow and molten metal flow. A molten metal flow channel 101 is vertically arranged in the middle of the upper cover 1, which is used to allow molten metal to flow from top to bottom. The upper cover 1 and the air inlet plate 2 cooperate to form an air inlet chamber 201 and an annular slot outlet 7. The air inlet channel allows air to enter circumferentially along the air inlet chamber 201 to achieve uniform airflow distribution.

[0063] The base 3 has three grooves at equal angles along the circumference, each groove being 20mm wide, for placing the air inlet pipe 4. The diameter of the air inlet pipe 4 is set to 5~15mm to accommodate different pressure and flow requirements. The base 3 also has six stepped holes along the circumference for fixing to the bottom plate of the melting chamber with bolts, ensuring the stable installation of the nozzle.

[0064] See Figure 3 The air intake plate 2 is provided with three stepped air intake holes 202. These air intake holes 202 are connected to the air intake pipe 4 and are distributed at equal angles along the circumference of the inner wall of the air intake plate 2. The air outlet end of the air intake hole 202 is located on the inner wall of the air intake plate 2 and is tangent to the inner wall of the air intake plate 2 at point P1, so that high-pressure gas can enter tangentially along the inner wall of the air storage cavity to form a rotating airflow. The diameter d3 of the air intake hole 202 is set to 510mm, and the distance L3 between the step of the air intake hole and the tangent point P1 is set to 2540mm. In this embodiment, d3 is preferably 6mm and L3 is preferably 30mm.

[0065] To guide airflow and reduce interference between airflows at adjacent air intakes, refer to... Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 In this embodiment, three guide vanes 6 are provided at equal angles on the inner wall of the air intake plate 2. The guide vanes 6 are engaged and fixed with the trapezoidal grooves 203 on the inner wall of the air intake plate 2 by trapezoidal protrusions on them. The left flat end of the guide vane 6 is tangent to the air intake hole 202, that is, the P2-P3 contour line is located on the extension line of the right contour line of the air intake hole. The distance L2 between the center of the guide vane P2-P4 contour line and the center of the upper cover, the outer diameter of the air intake cavity and the radius of the P3-P4 contour line are both R1, and the radius R2 of the guide vane P2-P4 contour line satisfies R2=R1-L2. In this embodiment, L2 and d3 are both set to 510mm, R1 is set to 3550mm, and L2 is equal to d3. R1 is preferably 40mm.

[0066] The cross-section formed by the air inlet chamber 201 along the central axis of the liquid flow channel is composed of contour lines B1-B4 and A1-A4. Among them, the segments B1-B2, B2-B3 and A1-A2, A3-A4 are set as straight segments, and A2-A3 and B3-B4 are rounded smooth transition segments to achieve smooth airflow transition and reduce airflow loss. The annular slot outlet 7 is set as two parallel lines B4-B5 and A4-A5 to stabilize the outlet airflow and reduce turbulence caused by changes in airflow direction. The width w of the annular slot outlet is set to 0.5~3mm, which can be adjusted according to the thickness of the metal sealing gasket. In this embodiment, w is preferably 1.5mm. The length L1 of the annular slot outlet segment is set to 3~7mm, and the injection angle θ is set to 10°~90°. In this embodiment, L1 is preferably 5mm, and θ is preferably 60°.

[0067] To verify the effectiveness of this invention, a specific preparation experiment was conducted in this embodiment. Taking the preparation of Stellite 15 cobalt-based alloy powder as an example, the atomizing nozzle was installed in a fixed position in the atomization system, and a guide tube with a diameter of 4 mm was installed on the nozzle. A tundish crucible was installed above the nozzle, and the tundish crucible, guide tube, and nozzle system were placed coaxially. The materials required for powder preparation, totaling 12 kg, were placed in the melting crucible above the tundish. The atomization system was evacuated, and then argon gas was introduced, while the tundish crucible and melting crucible were simultaneously induction heated. Atomization began when the first drop of molten metal flowed out of the atomizing nozzle. The atomizing gas was high-purity argon gas, and the inlet pressure was maintained at 5.5 MPa during atomization. After atomization, the total weight of powder in the collection bucket was 10.5 kg, and approximately 8.7 kg of powder with a mesh size of 100 or larger (i.e., less than 150 μm) was obtained, with a powder yield of 82.8%. The FE-SEM field emission scanning electron microscope image of the powder is shown below. Figure 9 The powder has good sphericity, uniform particle size distribution, few satellite powder particles, and almost no hollow powder particles.

[0068] In the preferred embodiment, the upper cover 1, the air intake plate 2, and the base 3 are coaxially arranged, and the air intake plate 2 and the upper cover 1 are sealed together. This arrangement not only ensures the stability of the structure but also optimizes the airflow channel, thereby significantly improving the air intake efficiency. The sealed design between the air intake plate 2 and the upper cover 1 effectively prevents gas leakage, while the base 3 provides stable support for the overall structure and enhances durability.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment, three stepped air intake holes 202 are provided at equal angles on the air intake plate 2, and the air outlet end of the air intake hole 202 is located on the inner wall of the air intake plate 2 and is tangent to the inner wall of the air intake plate 2. The above arrangement can ensure that the air is evenly distributed during the air intake process, reduce eddies and turbulence, and improve the air intake efficiency. At the same time, the tangent air outlet design further optimizes the airflow path, allowing the air to enter the next stage more smoothly and enhancing the overall power performance.

[0070] In a preferred embodiment, the outlet end of the air inlet 202 is located on the inner wall of the air inlet plate 2 and is arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the air inlet plate 2, so that the air inlet channel is tangential to the inner wall of the air inlet plate 2, and the high-pressure gas enters tangentially along the inner wall of the air storage cavity, forming a rotating airflow. The above arrangement can make full use of the principles of gas dynamics, enhance the mixing and diffusion efficiency of the airflow in the air storage cavity, reduce the direct impact of gas on the air inlet plate 2, extend the service life of the equipment, and improve the overall working efficiency.

[0071] In a preferred embodiment, there are three air inlets 202, which are distributed at equal angles along the circumference, and each air inlet 202 provides an equal gas flow rate. This arrangement ensures that the air is evenly distributed when it enters the equipment, effectively reducing eddies and resistance, improving gas flow efficiency and equipment operation stability. At the same time, the equal gas flow distribution also extends the service life of each component.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment, the left side plane of the guide vane 6 is tangent to the air inlet 202, the outer diameter of the air inlet cavity 201 is equal to the radius of the outer contour of the guide vane 6, and the radius of the inner contour of the guide vane 6 is equal to the difference between the outer diameter of the air inlet cavity 201 and the distance between the center of the inner contour of the guide vane 6 and the center of the upper cover. The above configuration ensures that the airflow can flow smoothly along the contour of the guide vane 6 after passing through the air inlet 202, reducing eddies and energy loss, improving aerodynamic efficiency, and ensuring the compactness and stability of the structure.

[0073] In a preferred embodiment, the cross-section formed by the air intake chamber 201 along the central axis of the liquid flow channel 101 includes a set of contour lines. The cross-section of the air intake chamber 201 gradually narrows from the periphery to the center and adopts a smooth transition with rounded corners. The above configuration can effectively reduce the turbulence and resistance of the fluid during the air intake process, improve the smoothness and efficiency of the fluid entering the liquid flow channel 101, reduce energy loss, and ensure the stability and high efficiency of the system operation.

[0074] In a preferred embodiment, the air intake chamber 201 and the upper cover 1 are sealed by an annular stepped surface and connected by bolts, with a metal sealing gasket 5 provided on the annular step. The above arrangement ensures a tight connection between the air intake chamber 201 and the upper cover 1, effectively preventing gas leakage and improving the overall sealing performance. At the same time, the addition of the metal sealing gasket 5 further enhances the sealing effect and extends the service life of the equipment.

[0075] In a preferred embodiment, the annular slot outlet 7 is configured as two parallel lines, with the annular slot outlet width set to 0.5~3mm, the annular slot outlet section length set to 3~7mm, and the injection angle set to 10°~90°. The above configuration aims to optimize airflow distribution, reduce turbulence effects, and improve combustion efficiency and stability. At the same time, by adjusting the injection angle, the flame shape can be flexibly controlled to meet the combustion requirements under different working conditions.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment, the base 3 has slots at equal angles along its circumference to accommodate the air inlet pipe 4. The base 3 also has stepped holes along its circumference for bolting to the bottom plate of the melting chamber. These features effectively ensure the stable installation and positioning of the air inlet pipe 4. At the same time, the stepped hole design not only facilitates the firm connection between the base 3 and the bottom plate of the melting chamber, but also improves the sealing and stability of the overall structure, laying a solid foundation for the smooth progress of the melting process.

[0077] In a preferred embodiment, the atomizing nozzle is suitable for the preparation of metal powder, especially for preparing metal powder with good sphericity and uniform particle size distribution by gas atomization. The above settings ensure the high performance of the powder in subsequent processing, such as improving the density and strength of 3D printed parts, while reducing defects, and meeting the stringent requirements of aerospace, automotive manufacturing and other fields for high-quality metal powder.

[0078] In summary, this invention provides a circumferentially inlet gas vortex atomizing nozzle, solving the problems of disordered airflow distribution and uneven pressure within the gas storage chamber of the atomizing nozzle, particularly in the gas atomization process for metal powder manufacturing, resulting in unsatisfactory atomization effects, low efficiency, and inconsistent powder quality. Unlike the traditional method of two air inlet pipes directly facing the central axis of the spray plate, this invention employs a circumferential air inlet channel design, causing the gas entering the nozzle to form a vortex flow. This design not only improves airflow characteristics but also... The design enhances the uniformity and stability of airflow within the cavity. The three air inlets, distributed at equal angles, and the guide vanes ensure uniform gas entry from all directions, reducing localized high-pressure zones caused by high-flow-rate single-point intake and achieving pressure balance throughout the cavity. Simultaneously, the guide vanes effectively guide the airflow direction, reducing mutual interference between airflows from adjacent inlets. The optimized inlet cavity and annular slot outlet structure, with the inlet cavity gradually contracting along the central axis of the liquid flow channel and the annular slot outlet designed as two parallel lines, stabilizes the outlet airflow and reduces turbulence caused by changes in airflow direction. This design further improves... The invention enhances airflow stability and uniformity through an innovative airflow control method. By employing circumferential air intake, evenly distributed air inlets, and guide vanes, the airflow is effectively controlled, creating a swirling flow within the nozzle, thus improving atomization efficiency and droplet size uniformity. Optimized structural design, including the intake chamber and annular slot outlet, ensures a smooth airflow transition and stable outlet, while reducing airflow loss and turbulence, further improving atomization. The atomizing nozzle provided by this invention significantly improves powder quality and consistency during metal powder preparation, reduces satellite powder generation, and ensures more uniform powder quality. With excellent sphericity and uniform particle size distribution, this technology has significant advantages and application value in the field of metal powder manufacturing. This invention improves production efficiency while reducing energy consumption and production costs, providing a new solution for the industrial production of metal powders and is expected to promote technological progress and industrial upgrading in related industries. Furthermore, the easy-to-maintain design of the atomizing nozzle ensures long-term operational reliability, reduces downtime, and further improves the overall efficiency of the production line. Its innovative design concept and superior performance set a new benchmark for the metal powder manufacturing industry, leading the industry towards a more efficient and environmentally friendly direction.

Claims

1. A circumferentially inlet gas swirl atomizing nozzle, characterized in that: Includes an upper cover (1), an air inlet plate (2), and a base (3). The upper cover (1) and the air inlet plate (2) cooperate to form an air inlet chamber (201) and an annular seam outlet (7) that communicate with the air inlet channel. The air inlet channel allows air to enter circumferentially along the air inlet chamber (201). The lower end of the upper cover (1) is provided with three guide vanes (6) at equal angles along the circumference. The center of the upper cover (1) is provided with a molten metal flow channel (101) that extends to the lower end face of the base (3). The base (3) has a slot for placing the air inlet pipe (4) and fixing the gas atomizing nozzle in the melting chamber. The guide vanes (6) 6) The trapezoidal boss engages and is fixed with the trapezoidal groove (203) on the inner wall of the air intake plate (2); the upper cover (1), the air intake plate (2) and the base (3) are coaxially arranged, and the air intake plate 2 and the upper cover 1 are sealed; three stepped air intake holes (202) are arranged at equal angles on the air intake plate (2), and the air outlet end of the air intake hole (202) is located on the inner wall of the air intake plate (2) and is tangent to the inner wall of the air intake plate (2); the air outlet end of the air intake hole (202) is located on the inner wall of the air intake plate (2) and extends along the circumference of the inner wall of the air intake plate (2). The air intake channel is tangential to the inner wall of the air intake plate (2), and the high-pressure gas enters tangentially along the inner wall of the air storage chamber, forming a rotating airflow. There are three air intake holes (202), which are distributed at equal angles along the circumference, and each air intake hole (202) provides an equal gas flow rate. The guide vane (6) with its trapezoidal protrusion is attached to the outer wall of the air intake chamber (201). In a cross-section perpendicular to the axis of the upper cover (1), the side wall of the guide vane (6) near the air intake hole (202) is a straight surface, and... The inner wall of the intake pipe (4) is flush with the surface of the guide vane (6) near the center of the upper cover (1) is an arc surface, and this arc surface is connected to the side wall near the intake hole (202) and the surface where the trapezoidal boss is located respectively. The intake hole (202) is tangent to the arc surface of the guide vane (6) near the center of the upper cover (1). The outer diameter of the intake chamber (201) is equal to the radius of the outer contour line of the guide vane (6). The radius of the inner contour line of the guide vane (6) is equal to the difference between the outer diameter of the intake chamber (201) and the distance between the center of the inner contour line of the guide vane (6) and the center of the upper cover.

2. The circumferentially inlet gas swirl atomizing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section formed by the air intake chamber (201) along the central axis of the liquid flow channel (101) includes a set of contour lines. The cross-section of the air intake chamber (201) gradually shrinks from the periphery to the center and adopts a smooth transition with rounded corners.

3. The circumferentially inlet gas swirl atomizing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air intake chamber (201) and the upper cover (1) are sealed by an annular stepped surface and connected by bolts. A metal sealing gasket (5) is provided on the annular step.

4. The circumferentially inlet gas swirl atomizing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (3) has slots at equal angles along the circumference for placing the air inlet pipe (4). The base (3) also has stepped holes along the circumference for fixing to the bottom plate of the smelting chamber with bolts.

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