Photovoltaic module, photovoltaic module control method and related device

Abstract

The present application provides a photovoltaic module, a method for controlling a photovoltaic module, and related devices. The photovoltaic module includes at least a first battery group for converting low-spectrum light, and a second battery group for converting high-spectrum light; the first battery group is stacked on the upper layer of the second battery group; the photovoltaic module also includes a first photovoltaic glass layer arranged above the first battery group; the photovoltaic module also includes a second photovoltaic glass layer arranged between the first battery group and the second battery group, and the second photovoltaic glass layer is bonded to the first battery group through a second polymer adhesive film; the photovoltaic module also includes a third photovoltaic glass layer arranged below the second battery group, and the third photovoltaic glass layer is bonded to the second battery group through a fourth polymer adhesive film; the photovoltaic module is used to absorb multi-spectrum light and convert it into electrical energy to improve the light energy utilization rate of the photovoltaic module. The embodiment of the present application improves the light energy utilization efficiency by stacking battery assemblies with different spectra, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the stacked battery assemblies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of curtain wall equipment, and in particular to a photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic module control method, and related devices. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic equipment refers to devices and systems that convert sunlight directly into electrical energy, usually including solar panels (photovoltaic panels), inverters, controllers, energy storage devices (such as batteries), brackets and cables. Photovoltaic equipment is widely used in various occasions, from home rooftop installations to large-scale solar power stations, to provide clean, renewable energy.

[0003] Photovoltaic equipment needs to work outdoors for a long time, and the outdoor weather is changeable and the light conditions vary greatly. In related technologies, photovoltaic equipment mostly uses a single semiconductor material such as monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon, which cannot meet the needs of outdoor operations, has a low power conversion rate, and poor performance.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to design a new technical solution to solve at least one of the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve or improve the above-mentioned problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic module control method and related devices.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present application, a photovoltaic assembly is provided, comprising:

[0007] The photovoltaic assembly comprises at least a first battery group for converting low-spectrum light, and a second battery group for converting high-spectrum light; the first battery group is stacked on the upper layer of the second battery group;

[0008] The photovoltaic assembly further includes a first photovoltaic glass layer disposed above the first battery group, and the first photovoltaic glass layer and the first battery group are bonded to each other via a first polymer adhesive film;

[0009] The photovoltaic assembly further includes a second photovoltaic glass layer disposed between the first battery group and the second battery group, the second photovoltaic glass layer and the first battery group are bonded via a second polymer adhesive film, and the second photovoltaic glass layer and the second battery group are bonded via a third polymer adhesive film;

[0010] The photovoltaic module further includes a third photovoltaic glass layer disposed below the second battery group, and the third photovoltaic glass layer and the second battery group are bonded to each other via a fourth polymer adhesive film;

[0011] The photovoltaic module is used to absorb multi-spectral light and convert it into electrical energy, so as to improve the light energy utilization rate of the photovoltaic module.

[0012] In another embodiment of the present application, a method for controlling a photovoltaic assembly is provided. The photovoltaic assembly is the photovoltaic assembly described in the first embodiment. The method is used to control the power conversion efficiency in the photovoltaic assembly. The method comprises:

[0013] Acquire real-time data of the first light current and the second light current; the real-time data at least includes real-time voltage values ​​of the first light current and the second light current respectively;

[0014] Collecting the real-time light intensity and environmental influencing factors in the environment where the photovoltaic module is located; the environmental influencing factors at least include: real-time temperature, real-time humidity, usage time, and component properties;

[0015] Based on the real-time data, the real-time light intensity and the environmental influencing factors, determining the dynamic power parameter to be adjusted through a dynamic following model;

[0016] Based on the dynamic power parameter, power adjustment is performed on the first illumination current converted by the first battery group in the photovoltaic assembly to obtain an adjusted first illumination current; the first illumination current is obtained by the first battery group based on low-spectrum illumination conversion;

[0017] The adjusted first light current and the second light current converted by the second battery group in the photovoltaic module are output to the junction box respectively, and output to the rear-end load device through the junction box; the second light current is obtained by the second battery group based on hyperspectral light conversion.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present application, a laminated solar cell assembly is provided, characterized in that the laminated solar cell assembly includes at least the photovoltaic assembly of the first embodiment, and the laminated solar cell assembly also includes a processor, and the processor is used to execute the photovoltaic assembly control method described in the second embodiment.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present application, an electronic device includes:

[0020] at least one processor, memory, and input-output unit;

[0021] The memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call the computer program stored in the memory to execute the photovoltaic component management and control method in the second embodiment.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which includes instructions. When the instructions are executed on a computer, the computer executes the photovoltaic component management and control method in the second embodiment described above.

[0023] In the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application, the photovoltaic assembly at least includes a first battery group for converting low-spectrum light and a second battery group for converting high-spectrum light; the first battery group is stacked on the upper layer of the second battery group; the photovoltaic assembly also includes a first photovoltaic glass layer arranged above the first battery group, and the first photovoltaic glass layer is bonded to the first battery group through a first polymer film; the photovoltaic assembly also includes a second photovoltaic glass layer arranged between the first battery group and the second battery group, and the second photovoltaic glass layer is bonded to the first battery group through a second polymer film, and the second photovoltaic glass layer is bonded to the second battery group through a third polymer film; the photovoltaic assembly also includes a third photovoltaic glass layer arranged below the second battery group, and the third photovoltaic glass layer is bonded to the second battery group through a fourth polymer film; the photovoltaic assembly is used to absorb multi-spectrum light and convert it into electrical energy to improve the light energy utilization rate of the photovoltaic assembly. The embodiment of the present application is provided with a first battery group for converting low-spectrum light and a second battery group for converting high-spectrum light, and adopts a stacked form, which can absorb multi-spectrum light and convert it into electrical energy, effectively improving the light energy utilization rate of the photovoltaic assembly, and making full use of light resources of different spectra to achieve better energy conversion. It also improves the utilization rate of light energy and, through reasonable structure and wiring settings, ultimately improves the conversion efficiency of the stacked battery modules, further improves the utilization rate of electrical energy, and enables photovoltaic modules to achieve better results in the process of converting light energy into electrical energy, and realize energy conversion and utilization more efficiently. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a process flow of a photovoltaic module control method provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the principle of the spectral characteristics of a battery group of a photovoltaic module provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Photovoltaic equipment refers to devices and systems that convert sunlight directly into electrical energy, usually including solar panels (photovoltaic panels), inverters, controllers, energy storage devices (such as batteries), brackets and cables. Photovoltaic equipment is widely used in various occasions, from home rooftop installations to large-scale solar power stations, to provide clean, renewable energy.

[0031] Photovoltaic equipment needs to work outdoors for a long time, and the outdoor weather is changeable and the light conditions vary greatly. In related technologies, photovoltaic equipment mostly uses a single semiconductor material such as monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon, which cannot meet the needs of outdoor operations, has a low power conversion rate, and poor performance. Therefore, it is urgent to design a new technical solution to solve at least one of the above technical problems.

[0032] To this end, the present application provides the following embodiments to solve or improve at least some of the above problems. In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0033] In some features described in the specification, claims and the above-mentioned drawings of this application, descriptions such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish different components, parts, modules, devices, etc., and do not represent the order of precedence, nor do they limit "first" and "second" to be different types. In addition, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0034] In order to solve the above technical problems, a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present application includes the following units:

[0035] The photovoltaic assembly comprises at least a first battery group for converting low-spectrum light, and a second battery group for converting high-spectrum light; the first battery group is stacked on the upper layer of the second battery group;

[0036] The photovoltaic assembly further includes a first photovoltaic glass layer disposed above the first battery group, and the first photovoltaic glass layer and the first battery group are bonded to each other via a first polymer adhesive film;

[0037] The photovoltaic assembly further includes a second photovoltaic glass layer disposed between the first battery group and the second battery group, the second photovoltaic glass layer and the first battery group are bonded via a second polymer adhesive film, and the second photovoltaic glass layer and the second battery group are bonded via a third polymer adhesive film;

[0038] The photovoltaic module further includes a third photovoltaic glass layer disposed below the second battery group, and the third photovoltaic glass layer and the second battery group are bonded to each other via a fourth polymer adhesive film;

[0039] The photovoltaic module is used to absorb multi-spectral light and convert it into electrical energy, so as to improve the light energy utilization rate of the photovoltaic module.

[0040] In the embodiment of the present application, by providing a first battery group for converting low-spectrum light and a second battery group for converting high-spectrum light, and adopting a stacked form, it is possible to absorb multi-spectrum light and convert it into electrical energy, effectively improving the light energy utilization rate of the photovoltaic module, and making full use of light resources of different spectra to achieve better energy conversion. By using the first photovoltaic glass layer and the first battery group to be bonded by the first polymer film, the second photovoltaic glass layer and the first battery group to be bonded by the second polymer film and the second battery group to be bonded by the third polymer film, and the third photovoltaic glass layer and the second battery group to be bonded by the fourth polymer film, the connection of each part is made firm, the stability of the overall structure of the photovoltaic module is guaranteed, and it is conducive to its normal function. By using the step-down component to lead out different battery groups using the same junction box, the difficulty of installing the component is reduced, making the photovoltaic component more convenient and efficient in the actual installation process, and reducing the installation obstacles caused by factors such as complex wiring. It not only improves the utilization rate of light energy, but also, through reasonable structure and wiring settings, ultimately improves the conversion efficiency of the stacked battery modules, further improves the utilization rate of electrical energy, and enables photovoltaic modules to achieve better results in the process of converting light energy into electrical energy, and realize energy conversion and utilization more efficiently.

[0041] Figure 1 FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic component. Figure 1 In the figure, a first photovoltaic glass layer 1, a first polymer film 2, a second polymer film 3, a second photovoltaic glass layer 4, a third polymer film 5, a fourth polymer film 6, a third photovoltaic glass layer 7, a cadmium telluride battery 8, and a crystalline silicon battery 9.

[0042] The application process is divided into the following parts:

[0043] As an optional embodiment, the glass used for the photovoltaic glass layer is a highly light-transmitting photovoltaic glass, and the thickness of the glass can be 3 mm, 5 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, or 12 mm. The thickness of the two photovoltaic glass layers can be adaptively set based on actual needs.

[0044] As an optional embodiment, since the voltage of cadmium telluride thin film batteries is higher than that of crystalline silicon batteries, after the cadmium telluride thin film batteries generate electricity, they are connected in parallel to the junction box after the voltage is reduced to the voltage of crystalline silicon batteries through a step-down module. The photovoltaic module also includes a step-down module, which is used to adjust the power of the first light current converted by the first battery group and output it to the junction box; the junction box is used to receive the second light current and the adjusted first light current; the second light current is converted by the second battery group.

[0045] Further optionally, cadmium telluride batteries of different colors may be used in the first battery group to improve the aesthetics of the assembly.

[0046] In this optional embodiment, the buck module plays a key role. Since the first battery group will obtain the first light current after converting the low-spectrum light, the power and other parameters of the currents generated by different battery groups may not be suitable for subsequent unified utilization and output requirements. The buck module can adjust the power of the first light current to a suitable state, and then output it to the junction box, ensuring that the currents generated by different battery groups can better cooperate in subsequent links.

[0047] In this embodiment, the junction box plays an important role in gathering and integrating current. On the one hand, it receives the second light current converted from the second battery group, and on the other hand, it receives the first light current adjusted by the step-down module. Through the unified reception method of the junction box, the current originally coming from different battery groups (battery groups that process different spectral illuminations) is brought together, which is convenient for subsequent external output of electrical energy and other operations. This also reflects the design idea of ​​simplifying component line connections and reducing installation difficulty through reasonable circuit settings, which helps the entire photovoltaic component to more efficiently and conveniently transmit and utilize the converted electrical energy.

[0048] In general, the step-down module and junction box in this optional embodiment cooperate with each other to optimize the processing and integration process of the current of different battery groups inside the photovoltaic module, which has positive significance for improving the power output efficiency and installation convenience of the entire photovoltaic module.

[0049] As an optional embodiment, the voltage reduction module at least includes: a power adjustment unit and a dynamic following unit. The dynamic following unit is used to receive a monitoring signal of the second light current; determine the dynamic power parameter to be adjusted using a dynamic following model according to the monitoring signal, real-time light intensity and environmental influencing factors; and the power adjustment unit is used to adjust the power of the first light current based on the dynamic power parameter.

[0050] The dynamic following unit first has the ability to receive the second light current monitoring signal. This monitoring signal carries key information about the real-time state of the second light current, such as the current size, change trend, etc., and provides basic data basis for subsequent power adjustment decisions. It will use the dynamic following model to determine the dynamic power parameters to be adjusted based on the received monitoring signal, combined with the real-time light intensity and environmental influencing factors. The change of real-time light intensity will directly affect the power generation of the battery pack. The current characteristics generated by each battery pack are different under different light intensities. Environmental influencing factors, such as temperature, humidity and other environmental conditions, will also affect the performance and current output of the battery pack. The dynamic following unit comprehensively considers these various factors, and through the scientific and reasonable calculation and analysis method of the dynamic following model, it accurately calculates the dynamic power parameters that need to be adjusted for the first light current, ensuring that the power adjustment can fit the actual light and environmental conditions, so that the first light current and the second light current can be better coordinated and integrated in the future.

[0051] The power adjustment unit is mainly responsible for adjusting the power of the first illumination current based on the dynamic power parameters determined by the dynamic follower unit. Based on the received dynamic power parameters, it uses corresponding circuit adjustment and other technical means to change the power of the first illumination current so that it can be adapted to the second illumination current in terms of power and other aspects, so as to facilitate subsequent unified collection in the junction box, thereby ensuring that the power output of the entire photovoltaic module is more stable and efficient, and improving the operation effect of the entire photovoltaic system and the utilization and conversion efficiency of light energy.

[0052] In general, in this optional embodiment, the dynamic following unit and the power adjustment unit cooperate with each other, fully consider a variety of actual influencing factors, effectively adjust and adapt the power generated by different battery groups, further optimize the power integration process within the photovoltaic module, and help improve the overall performance of the photovoltaic module under complex lighting and environmental conditions.

[0053] As an optional embodiment, the first battery group is composed of cadmium telluride thin film battery cells, and the second battery group is composed of crystalline silicon battery cells.

[0054] Specifically, cadmium telluride thin-film cells have many excellent properties. It is a type of thin-film solar cell that is light and thin, making it easy to flexibly layout and install in photovoltaic modules. Moreover, cadmium telluride materials have a high absorption coefficient for light. Even weak low-spectrum light can be absorbed well and converted into electrical energy, which gives it a unique advantage in utilizing low-spectrum light resources. It fits the functional positioning of the first battery group in the photovoltaic module for converting low-spectrum light, and helps to improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of the entire photovoltaic module for different spectral light energy.

[0055] In actual application scenarios, the production cost of cadmium telluride thin-film cells is relatively advantageous, and the manufacturing process is also constantly developing and improving, making it suitable for large-scale production applications. Using it as a component of the first battery pack and coordinating it with other subsequent battery packs and other structures can well improve the overall performance of photovoltaic modules, enhance the power generation capacity of photovoltaic modules under different lighting environments, and lay the foundation for achieving efficient light energy to electrical energy conversion.

[0056] As an optional embodiment, the crystalline silicon cell is any one or more of a passivated emitter and back cell, a back contact cell, and a tunneling oxide layer passivated contact cell.

[0057] Specifically, crystalline silicon cells are a type of cell material that is widely used in the current field of solar photovoltaic power generation. They have a regular crystal structure and a high photoelectric conversion efficiency. In particular, they have excellent conversion capabilities for high-spectrum light, so they are very suitable as a component of the second cell group in photovoltaic modules that is responsible for converting high-spectrum light. At the same time, crystalline silicon cells have good stability and can ensure relatively stable power output during long-term outdoor use, which is conducive to improving the reliability and service life of the entire photovoltaic module.

[0058] Passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC) effectively reduces carrier recombination and improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery by adding a passivation layer on the back of the battery and other structural improvements. It also performs well in cost control. It is a high-efficiency crystalline silicon battery structure that is widely used on the market. It can better play the conversion function of high-spectral light and enhance the power generation efficiency of the second battery group.

[0059] The characteristic of back-contact cells (BC) is that the positive and negative electrodes of the cell are both arranged on the back of the cell. This makes the light-receiving area on the front of the cell larger and more uniform, and makes more effective use of light, especially for high-spectrum light, which can be converted into electrical energy to the maximum extent. It has unique advantages in improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and is also an optional high-quality cell type for the second battery pack.

[0060] The tunneling oxide passivated contact cell (TOPCon) uses a passivation contact structure formed by a tunneling oxide layer and a polysilicon layer to significantly reduce the surface recombination rate, increase the minority carrier lifetime, and thereby improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell. It also has the potential to further improve efficiency in the future. It is very suitable as a component of the second battery group, helping photovoltaic modules achieve higher efficiency levels in high-spectral light conversion.

[0061] By choosing these different types of crystalline silicon cells as the second battery group, combined with the cadmium telluride thin-film cells used in the first battery group, they can be flexibly matched and combined according to specific application scenarios, cost budgets, and requirements for power generation efficiency, thereby further optimizing the overall structure and performance of photovoltaic modules and achieving better light energy utilization and electrical energy conversion effects.

[0062] In general, the selection of materials and types for the first battery group and the second battery group in these optional embodiments is based on comprehensive considerations of improving the light energy utilization rate, power conversion efficiency and feasibility of practical applications of photovoltaic modules, which helps to create photovoltaic modules with better performance.

[0063] Alternatively, photovoltaic glass made of different materials and processes can be used. For example, ultra-white embossed glass has a higher light transmittance than ordinary glass. It uses a special embossing process to reduce light reflection and scattering, allowing more light to pass through to the battery pack. For the layer where the battery pack needs more light, this type of photovoltaic glass with high light transmittance can be used first.

[0064] Alternatively, coating the surface of photovoltaic glass is also an effective means of adjusting light transmittance. For example, anti-reflection film coating can significantly reduce the reflectivity of the glass surface and increase the light transmittance ratio. The thickness, composition and other parameters of the coating can be adjusted according to actual needs to accurately control the light transmittance so that different battery packs can obtain the appropriate amount of light. For example, the coating method of superimposing multiple layers of optical films can achieve differentiated light transmittance adjustment for light in different spectral ranges to meet the requirements of different battery packs for different spectral transmittance.

[0065] Optionally, the arrangement and layout of different battery packs in the photovoltaic module will affect the transmittance. For example, a staggered arrangement can reduce the mutual shading between battery cells compared to a simple flat arrangement, allowing light to pass through each battery pack more evenly. For the upper battery pack, if you want more light to penetrate into the lower battery pack, you can appropriately increase the gap between the battery cells in the upper battery pack to allow more light to pass through the gap to the lower battery pack, but this requires comprehensive consideration of factors such as the overall power generation efficiency of the battery pack and structural stability to reasonably determine the size of the gap.

[0066] Further optionally, it is also critical to properly control the spacing between different battery packs. Increasing the spacing allows more light to propagate between the battery packs, which helps the lower battery packs get more light, but it will increase the overall size of the photovoltaic module and may affect the compactness of the structure. On the contrary, reducing the spacing will make the structure more compact, but may result in insufficient light transmittance of the lower battery pack. The spacing needs to be precisely adjusted according to the specific type of battery pack, the demand for light, and the design requirements of the entire photovoltaic module, so as to achieve the optimal configuration of the light transmittance of different battery packs.

[0067] Reflectors or reflectors can also be arranged reasonably inside or around the photovoltaic module to change the propagation direction of light, and reflect light that may not reach certain battery groups to the target battery group, thereby adjusting its transmittance. For example, a reflector is set around the lower battery group to reflect and converge the light transmitted from the upper battery group and reflected from the surrounding environment, increase the light intensity of the lower battery group, and improve its effective transmittance. The material, shape, angle, etc. of the reflector or reflector can be customized according to the actual light adjustment requirements to achieve the best light transmission adjustment effect. For example, a Fresnel lens is set at the light-inlet end of the photovoltaic module, which can converge a large area of ​​light, so that the light passes through the corresponding battery group more concentratedly, enhance the light intensity of the battery group, and improve its effective transmittance. Or use a diffuser lens to diverge the overly concentrated light, so that the light is more evenly distributed to each battery group, ensuring that different battery groups can obtain appropriate light and meet their different requirements for transmittance.

[0068] Or, in another example, texturing the cell surface, such as using a micro-nanostructure texture manufacturing process, can change the refraction and reflection of light on the cell surface, allowing light to better propagate inside the cell or transmit to the underlying battery pack. Different texture shapes and parameters can achieve different degrees and directions of light guiding effects, thereby adjusting the transmittance of different battery packs according to actual needs and improving the efficiency of light energy utilization in the entire photovoltaic module.

[0069] It should be added here that the control logic of the control device will be introduced in detail in the method embodiment below.

[0070] An embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic module control method. The execution subject of the method of this embodiment can be the photovoltaic module control device in the above embodiment, which is implemented on the basis of the structure of the above photovoltaic module embodiment. Figure 2 As shown, the method may include the following steps:

[0071] 101. Acquire real-time data of a first light current and a second light current; the real-time data at least includes a real-time voltage value of each of the first light current and the second light current;

[0072] 102. Collect the real-time light intensity and environmental influencing factors in the environment where the photovoltaic module is located; the environmental influencing factors at least include: real-time temperature, real-time humidity, usage time, and component properties;

[0073] 103. Determine the dynamic power parameter to be adjusted through a dynamic following model based on the real-time data, the real-time light intensity and the environmental influencing factor;

[0074] 104. Based on the dynamic power parameter, power adjustment is performed on the first light current converted by the first battery group in the photovoltaic assembly to obtain an adjusted first light current; the first light current is obtained by the first battery group based on low-spectrum light conversion;

[0075] 105. Output the adjusted first light current and the second light current converted by the second battery group in the photovoltaic module to the junction box respectively, and output them to the back-end load device through the junction box; the second light current is obtained by the second battery group based on hyperspectral light conversion.

[0076] The present application provides a control method for photovoltaic modules. In 101 and 102, real-time data such as the real-time voltage value of the first illumination current and the second illumination current are obtained, and the real-time illumination intensity in the environment where the photovoltaic module is located and environmental influencing factors such as real-time temperature, real-time humidity, use time, and component properties are collected at the same time, and multi-dimensional and comprehensive information is collected. This information can accurately reflect the actual working state and external environmental conditions of the photovoltaic module, provide a detailed and reliable data basis for subsequent power adjustment, and avoid unreasonable power adjustment caused by missing or inaccurate information. In 103, based on the above comprehensive data, a dynamic following model is used to determine the dynamic power parameters to be adjusted, which can fully consider the mutual influence of various factors such as illumination, environment, and the current state itself. The dynamic following model can accurately calculate the power parameters suitable for the current situation based on these complex variable relationships, ensure that the power adjustment of the first illumination current is in line with the actual working conditions, and enable the first illumination current and the second illumination current to be better adapted in terms of power characteristics, thereby improving the coordination of the power output of the entire photovoltaic module. In 104, the power of the first illumination current is adjusted based on the determined dynamic power parameters, and it can be adjusted to a state that is more matched with the second illumination current, thereby reducing the energy loss caused by power mismatch in the subsequent power integration and output process. When the adjusted first illumination current is output together with the second illumination current, it can be more efficiently collected to the junction box, and then transmit electrical energy to the rear-end load device, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire photovoltaic component in converting light energy into electrical energy and effectively outputting it, so that more light energy can eventually be fully utilized and converted into electrical energy that can be used by the load. In 105, the adjusted first illumination current and the second illumination current are output to the junction box respectively, and then output to the rear-end load device through the junction box. This unified output method simplifies the connection process of the entire photovoltaic component and the rear-end load, and avoids the problems of complex lines and inconvenient management caused by connecting multiple groups of currents separately. The junction box plays a role in integrating and standardizing the output of electrical energy, so that electrical energy can be stably and orderly transmitted to the load device, further ensuring the efficiency of electrical energy utilization and the reliability of the operation of the entire photovoltaic system.

[0077] Taking into account the collection of environmental influencing factors such as real-time temperature, real-time humidity, usage time, and component properties, the entire adjustment process can respond to changes in the environment in real time. Whether it is the high and low changes in temperature, different levels of humidity, or the changes in component performance as the usage time increases and the differences caused by different component properties, the power parameters can be adjusted in time through the above steps to ensure that the photovoltaic components can maintain relatively stable and efficient power output under various complex actual environmental conditions, enhance the adaptability of photovoltaic components to different usage scenarios and environments, extend their effective service life, and reduce the risk of performance degradation due to environmental factors affecting power generation efficiency.

[0078] In general, the above steps improve the power output efficiency of photovoltaic modules and enhance their adaptability to complex environments through comprehensive data collection, precise power regulation and reasonable current output arrangement, which plays a very positive and important role in optimizing the performance of the entire photovoltaic system.

[0079] As an optional embodiment, the dynamic following model at least includes: a feature extraction layer, a dynamic tracking layer, and an output layer; based on the above structure, in 103, based on the real-time data, the real-time light intensity, and the environmental influencing factors, the dynamic power parameter to be adjusted is determined by the dynamic following model, including:

[0080] Extracting illumination compensation features from the real-time data, the real-time illumination intensity, and the environmental influencing factors respectively through a feature extraction layer;

[0081] Predicting, by a dynamic tracking layer, a difference compensation parameter between the first light current and the second light current based on the light compensation characteristic;

[0082] The difference compensation parameter is updated to the dynamic power parameter through the output layer.

[0083] The following is a detailed introduction to the structure of each layer of the dynamic following model and its related operation steps in this optional embodiment:

[0084] The feature extraction layer plays a key and fundamental role in the entire dynamic following model. Its main task is to mine and extract light compensation features from data from multiple sources, namely real-time data (including the real-time voltage values ​​of the first light current and the second light current, etc.), real-time light intensity, and environmental influencing factors (such as real-time temperature, real-time humidity, usage time, component properties, etc.). These features can reflect the key characteristics of the impact of different factors on light and the corresponding current, and are an important basis for subsequent accurate prediction of difference compensation parameters.

[0085] For example, for the real-time data of real-time voltage value, the feature extraction layer can analyze its changing trend over time, fluctuations under different light intensities, etc., and extract features related to light compensation, such as the correlation between the voltage change rate and the light intensity change. From the perspective of environmental influencing factors, for real-time temperature, it can extract relevant features of the impact of temperature on the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery pack and thus on the light current, such as the characteristic pattern corresponding to the change in the output current of the battery pack when the temperature rises or falls. By extracting features from these different dimensional data, the complex raw data is converted into more targeted feature information that can reflect the needs of light compensation, providing focused and effective input content for the processing of subsequent model layers.

[0086] The dynamic tracking layer uses the illumination compensation features extracted by the feature extraction layer as input, and uses its built-in algorithms and logic to predict the difference compensation parameters between the first illumination current and the second illumination current. It needs to comprehensively consider the relationship and dynamic changes between the various influencing factors contained in the illumination compensation features, analyze the differences between the two illumination currents caused by illumination, environment and other factors under the current actual working conditions, and then predict the difference compensation parameters required to make them better match and coordinate.

[0087] For example, when the real-time light intensity changes, or the temperature and humidity in the environment fluctuate, the first battery group (based on low-spectrum light conversion to obtain the first light current) and the second battery group (based on high-spectrum light conversion to obtain the second light current) may be affected to different degrees, and the size and characteristics of their output light currents will also change accordingly, resulting in a certain difference. The dynamic tracking layer analyzes these changing relationships reflected in the light compensation characteristics, and based on the existing data rules and model algorithms, predicts what difference compensation parameters are needed to make up for this gap, so that the two light currents can be more adapted in the subsequent aggregation output and other links, ensuring the stability and efficiency of the entire photovoltaic module power output.

[0088] The output layer is responsible for updating the difference compensation parameters predicted by the dynamic tracking layer into dynamic power parameters. It is actually an integration and output of the processing results of the previous layers, and the parameters closely related to power adjustment obtained after feature extraction and difference prediction are determined as the final dynamic power parameters in a form that meets the power regulation requirements of the entire photovoltaic module.

[0089] These dynamic power parameters will be used in the subsequent steps to adjust the power of the first light current, which directly affects whether the first light current can achieve an ideal matching state with the second light current in terms of power, and thus affects the quality and efficiency of the power output of the entire photovoltaic module. Through the reasonable update and transformation of the output layer, the parameters output by the model can accurately match the actual power adjustment requirements, ensuring that the photovoltaic modules can achieve efficient and stable power conversion and output under complex and changing lighting and environmental conditions.

[0090] In general, the dynamic following model in this optional embodiment, which includes a feature extraction layer, a dynamic tracking layer, and an output layer, can make full use of multi-dimensional data through orderly functional collaboration of each layer to accurately determine dynamic power parameters, and provide a scientific and reasonable basis for power regulation of different light currents in photovoltaic modules, which helps to improve the adaptability of the entire photovoltaic module to different working conditions and the overall performance of power output.

[0091] As an optional embodiment, the first battery group is composed of cadmium telluride thin film battery cells, and the second battery group is composed of crystalline silicon battery cells. Further, the crystalline silicon battery cells are any one or more of passivated emitter and back cells, back contact cells, and tunnel oxide layer passivated contact cells. Figure 3 As shown, the spectral response curves of the two materials are different. This application can cover more spectra by selecting the materials and types of the first battery pack and the second battery pack, thereby improving the comprehensive consideration of multiple aspects such as the light energy utilization rate, power conversion efficiency and feasibility of practical application of the photovoltaic module, which is helpful to create a photovoltaic module with better performance. For the specific setting method, please refer to the relevant introduction of the previous embodiment, which will not be elaborated here.

[0092] As an optional embodiment, after obtaining the real-time data of the first light current and the second light current, the power conversion rate of the crystalline silicon cell can be determined based on the real-time data; the transmittance of the cadmium telluride thin film cell can be determined, and based on the transmittance of the cadmium telluride thin film cell, the first battery pack assembly information for the power conversion rate can be generated; the first battery pack assembly information includes at least: optimization parameters for the transmittance, and cell material ratio information matching the optimization parameters.

[0093] Specifically, by obtaining the real-time data of the first illumination current and the second illumination current, the power conversion rate of the crystalline silicon cell can be further analyzed. Because these real-time data contain key information related to the current, and the power conversion rate is closely related to the current output by the cell. For example, the illumination conditions of the crystalline silicon cell (reflected by relevant data such as real-time illumination intensity) and the magnitude of the second illumination current output by the cell are known. Combined with some inherent electrical parameters of the crystalline silicon cell itself (such as rated power and other related indicators under standard test conditions), the corresponding electrical calculation formulas and analysis methods can be used to accurately calculate the power conversion rate of the crystalline silicon cell in the current actual working conditions. This conversion rate can intuitively reflect the actual efficiency of the crystalline silicon cell in converting the received hyperspectral illumination into electrical energy, providing an important basis for further evaluation and optimization of photovoltaic module performance.

[0094] Similarly, based on the real-time data obtained, the transmittance of the cadmium telluride thin film cell can be determined. Since the cadmium telluride thin film cell is used as the first battery group to convert low-spectrum light, its transmittance will affect the light penetrating it to reach the lower battery group and its own use of light energy. By analyzing the real-time data of the first light current, combining the real-time light intensity and considering the impact of environmental factors (environmental factors, etc.) on light propagation and cell performance, the actual transmittance of the cadmium telluride thin film cell can be calculated using optical principles and analysis models.

[0095] The first battery assembly information for the electric energy conversion rate is generated according to the transmittance of the cadmium telluride thin film cell. It contains optimization parameters for transmittance, which are designed to improve the transmittance of the cadmium telluride thin film cell so that it can better meet the light energy utilization requirements of the entire photovoltaic module. For example, the optimization parameters may involve adjusting the surface treatment process parameters of the cell (such as the size and shape of the surface micro-nano structure that affect the refraction and reflection of light), the thickness parameters of the film, etc. By changing these parameters, the transmittance is improved, allowing more light to pass through to the lower battery group or convert light energy more efficiently within itself.

[0096] At the same time, it also includes information on the material ratio of the cell for optimized parameter matching. Different material ratios will affect the optical and electrical properties of cadmium telluride thin-film cells, and thus affect their transmittance and power conversion capabilities. For example, by changing the relative content of each element in the cadmium telluride material or adding some specific doping elements, etc., according to the optimization requirements of transmittance, the best material ratio that matches it is determined, so that the cell can have appropriate transmittance while improving the power conversion rate, and work better with the crystalline silicon cell to jointly improve the conversion efficiency of light energy to electrical energy of the entire photovoltaic module.

[0097] In general, this optional embodiment can not only understand the power conversion rate of crystalline silicon cells through further mining and utilization of real-time data, but more importantly, it can generate targeted first battery group assembly information based on the transmittance of cadmium telluride thin film cells, and optimize the configuration from multiple aspects such as the material and process of the cell, which will help to further improve the overall performance and light energy utilization efficiency of photovoltaic modules, so that they can more efficiently realize the power generation function under different actual working conditions.

[0098] In the above embodiment, the relationship between the optimized transmittance and the electric energy conversion rate of the crystalline silicon cell is expressed as the following formula: ;in, is the real-time electric energy conversion rate of the crystalline silicon cell, is the actual short-circuit current value of the crystalline silicon cell under the current lighting conditions, Indicates the open circuit voltage of the crystalline silicon cell under the current lighting conditions, The optimized transmittance of the cadmium telluride thin film solar cell is is the transmittance adjustment factor, is a preset constant. Less than 1, is the total light intensity irradiating the cadmium telluride thin film solar cell and the crystalline silicon solar cell.

[0099] This formula establishes a clear mathematical relationship between the real-time power conversion rate of crystalline silicon cells and the optimized transmittance of cadmium telluride thin-film cells, linking the two seemingly relatively independent key performance indicators of photovoltaic modules. Through this quantitative expression, it clearly shows how changes in transmittance affect the power conversion rate of crystalline silicon cells, which helps to deeply understand the interaction mechanism between different battery groups in photovoltaic modules in terms of optical and electrical performance.

[0100] This formula incorporates the actual short-circuit current value of the crystalline silicon cell under the current lighting conditions. The short-circuit current value is an important indicator to measure the ability of the cell to generate current under light. When the transmittance of the cadmium telluride thin-film cell changes, it will change the situation of light passing through it to the crystalline silicon cell, which will in turn affect the light intensity that the crystalline silicon cell can receive, and ultimately reflected in the change of the short-circuit current value. Therefore, the short-circuit current value in the formula reflects a key intermediate link in the effect of transmittance on the electrical performance of the crystalline silicon cell through light transmission, so that the correlation between transmittance and power conversion rate can be analyzed based on its changes.

[0101] The open circuit voltage of the crystalline silicon cell under the current lighting conditions also appears in the formula. The open circuit voltage is related to the built-in electric field and material properties of the cell, and is also one of the important factors that determine the power conversion rate. The optimization and adjustment of transmittance will indirectly change the carrier distribution inside the cell, thereby affecting the open circuit voltage. By including this parameter, the formula accurately reflects the close connection between the change in the intrinsic electrical characteristics and the final power conversion rate when the transmittance changes, and further improves the quantitative description of the relationship between the two. The introduction of the transmittance adjustment factor reflects the differentiated characteristics of the influence of the change amplitude and adjustment method on the power conversion rate of the crystalline silicon cell when the transmittance of the cadmium telluride thin film cell is adjusted. Different adjustment methods and different degrees of transmittance changes are reflected in different values ​​through the transmittance adjustment factor, and then more accurately reflected in the calculation results of the power conversion rate, so that the formula can adapt to a variety of different transmittance optimization scenarios and enhance the ability to describe complex adjustment situations in practical applications. A preset constant less than 1 is set as a relatively fixed reference coefficient, which is combined with other variables to determine the relationship between power conversion rate and transmittance. This constant may take into account some basic characteristics of photovoltaic modules, inherent properties of materials, or empirical coefficients obtained through a large number of experiments and practical applications. It provides a stable reference basis for the calculation of the entire formula and ensures the rationality and reliability of the calculation relationship under different working conditions.

[0102] Based on this formula, in the actual design, operation and optimization process of photovoltaic modules, the power conversion rate of crystalline silicon cells under different transmittance optimization conditions can be easily calculated based on the known parameter values, such as the short-circuit current value, open-circuit voltage and total light intensity of the crystalline silicon cells under the current lighting conditions, and then the effect of different transmittance adjustment strategies on the improvement of power conversion rate can be evaluated. This provides a quantitative theoretical basis for technicians to optimize the transmittance of cadmium telluride thin-film cells in a targeted manner to improve the power conversion efficiency of crystalline silicon cells in the entire photovoltaic module, and facilitates the search for the best optimization solution for the overall performance of photovoltaic modules by continuously adjusting relevant parameters such as transmittance, so as to achieve higher light energy utilization efficiency and power output efficiency. In general, this formula reveals the complex internal relationship between the optimized transmittance and the power conversion rate of crystalline silicon cells through precise mathematical expression, which plays an important role in deeply understanding the performance of photovoltaic modules, guiding module optimization and improving the efficiency of the entire photovoltaic power generation system.

[0103] As an optional embodiment, the process of obtaining the battery cell material ratio information matched with the optimization parameters is expressed as the following formula:

[0104]

[0105] in, is the material ratio of a certain material in the cadmium telluride thin film solar cell under the current lighting conditions, is the transmittance adjustment factor, The optimized transmittance of the cadmium telluride thin film solar cell is is the total light intensity irradiated to the cadmium telluride thin film solar cell and the crystalline silicon solar cell, is the material aging parameter corresponding to the material, is the actual temperature of the current environment, and is a preconfigured constant adjustment factor, , , , , Weight parameter set for adaptation.

[0106] This formula clearly establishes the quantitative relationship between the material ratio of a certain material in a cadmium telluride thin-film cell and multiple key factors. It no longer views the material ratio as an isolated factor, but links it with multiple factors such as the transmittance adjustment factor, optimized transmittance, total light intensity, material aging parameters, and actual ambient temperature, comprehensively presenting how these factors work together to affect the material ratio, which helps to deeply understand the complexity and comprehensiveness of determining the material ratio of cadmium telluride thin-film cells under different working conditions and performance requirements.

[0107] The formula includes two parameters closely related to transmittance: the transmittance adjustment factor and the optimized transmittance. The transmittance adjustment factor reflects the relevant situation of active adjustment of transmittance. It reflects the influence of different measures and adjustment ranges taken in the process of optimizing transmittance on the material ratio. The optimized transmittance itself directly shows the restrictive effect of the target transmittance state on the material ratio. For example, when higher transmittance is expected, it may be necessary to change the material ratio accordingly through the formula according to this parameter, so that the material ratio is adjusted in a direction that is conducive to improving transmittance, highlighting the core guiding role of transmittance in determining the material ratio.

[0108] The total light intensity irradiating the cadmium telluride thin-film cells and crystalline silicon cells is also included in the formula. Light intensity is an important external factor that affects the performance of cells and the properties of materials. Under different light intensity conditions, in order to achieve optimized transmittance and ensure the overall performance of the cells, the material ratio needs to be adaptively changed. The presence of this parameter in the formula reflects the dynamic influence mechanism of the material ratio value through interaction with other factors when the light intensity changes. That is, as the light intensity changes, it is necessary to re-determine the appropriate material ratio value based on the formula to ensure that the cadmium telluride thin-film cells can have good optical and electrical performance in different lighting environments.

[0109] The introduction of two factors, material aging parameters and the actual temperature of the current environment, takes into account the natural aging of battery cell materials during use and the impact of the actual ambient temperature on material performance and ratio. Material aging will cause changes in the physical and chemical properties of the material, which in turn affects its role in the battery cell and its compatibility with other materials, so it is necessary to adjust the material ratio through a formula according to the degree of material aging. The actual ambient temperature will also change many characteristics of the material, such as conductivity and stability. In order to maintain the performance and target transmittance of the battery cell at different temperatures, the material ratio should also change accordingly. These two parameters enable the formula to adapt to the long-term use of the battery cell and actual application scenarios at different ambient temperatures, enhancing the consideration of complex real-world situations.

[0110] The weight parameters of adaptive settings are set, and these weight parameters give the formula great flexibility and adaptability. They can be adaptively adjusted according to different application scenarios, different levels of emphasis on various factors, actual experimental data and experience feedback. For example, in some application scenarios with extremely high requirements for transmittance, the weight parameter value related to transmittance can be appropriately increased, so that the calculation of the material ratio value is more focused on meeting the transmittance optimization needs; and when paying attention to the long-term stability of the battery cell, the weight parameter corresponding to the material aging parameter can be increased, so that the material ratio is more inclined to deal with the problems caused by material aging. Through this flexible deployment of weight parameters, the formula can accurately adapt to diverse actual needs and provide a personalized calculation basis for obtaining the most appropriate material ratio value.

[0111] The pre-configured constant adjustment factors provide a relatively stable basis and reference standard for the calculation of the entire formula. They may be determined based on a large amount of preliminary experimental research, industry experience, or a comprehensive consideration of the inherent properties of the material itself. They remain relatively fixed in different specific applications and work together with other variables to standardize the calculation process of material ratio values, ensuring the rationality and reliability of the formula calculation results and avoiding the arbitrariness and uncertainty of the calculation due to too many variable factors.

[0112] In the actual production and optimization of cadmium telluride thin-film cells and the overall performance improvement of photovoltaic modules, this formula can provide clear theoretical guidance for technicians. According to the known transmittance adjustment target, current light intensity, material aging, ambient temperature and other actual parameters, combined with the set weight parameters and constant adjustment factors, the corresponding material ratio value can be calculated through the formula, so as to adjust the material ratio of the cell in a targeted manner, so that it can meet the optimized transmittance requirements while improving the overall performance of the cell as much as possible, thereby improving the light energy utilization efficiency and electrical energy conversion efficiency of the entire photovoltaic module. This helps to achieve an effective connection from theoretical calculation to actual operation, and promote the precise optimization of photovoltaic module performance at the material level.

[0113] In general, this formula accurately describes the process of obtaining cell material ratio information by comprehensively considering multiple key factors and relying on the flexibility of weight parameters and the stability of constant adjustment factors. It has important and practical application value in guiding the optimization of material ratio of cadmium telluride thin-film cells and improving the performance of photovoltaic modules.

[0114] As an alternative example, see Figure 4 The structure and energy flow path of a solar cell system are shown in Figure 2. Figure 4 In the diagram, there is a set of vertical arrows at the top, representing sunlight hitting the cells. Figure 4There are two layers of cells in the , labeled "top cell" and "bottom cell". The top cell is located Figure 4 The top battery is located in the upper middle part of the figure, and the bottom battery is located in the lower middle part of the figure. The energy generated from the top battery is marked as "Power 1" and is voltage regulated by a "step-down module". After passing through the step-down module, the energy is marked as "Power 3" and flows to the junction box. The energy generated from the bottom battery is marked as "Power 2" and flows directly to the junction box. Figure 4 There is a rectangular box on the right side, which represents the junction box, which receives energy from the top battery and the bottom battery (Power 2 and Power 3). Figure 4 It shows how, in a solar cell system, after sunlight hits the top cell and the bottom cell, energy flows to the junction box through different paths (directly or through a step-down module). This design helps optimize energy collection and transmission, ensuring that the system can efficiently convert solar energy into electrical energy.

[0115] In the embodiment of the present application, by providing a first battery group for converting low-spectrum light and a second battery group for converting high-spectrum light, and adopting a stacked form, it is possible to absorb multi-spectrum light and convert it into electrical energy, effectively improving the light energy utilization rate of the photovoltaic module, and making full use of light resources of different spectra to achieve better energy conversion. By using the first photovoltaic glass layer and the first battery group to be bonded by the first polymer film, the second photovoltaic glass layer and the first battery group to be bonded by the second polymer film and the second battery group to be bonded by the third polymer film, and the third photovoltaic glass layer and the second battery group to be bonded by the fourth polymer film, the connection of each part is made firm, the stability of the overall structure of the photovoltaic module is guaranteed, and it is conducive to its normal function. By using the step-down component to lead out different battery groups using the same junction box, the difficulty of installing the component is reduced, making the photovoltaic component more convenient and efficient in the actual installation process, and reducing the installation obstacles caused by factors such as complex wiring. It not only improves the utilization rate of light energy, but also, through reasonable structure and wiring settings, ultimately improves the conversion efficiency of the stacked battery modules, further improves the utilization rate of electrical energy, and enables photovoltaic modules to achieve better results in the process of converting light energy into electrical energy, and realize energy conversion and utilization more efficiently.

[0116] Based on the same implementation principle, the embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, Figure 5 is a structural block diagram of the electronic device 300, such as Figure 5As shown, the electronic device 300 includes: a processor 301, a memory 302, a communication interface 303, a communication bus 304 and a controller 305; wherein the processor 301, the memory 302 and the communication interface 303 complete mutual communication through the communication bus 304; the memory 302 is used to store computer programs; the processor 301 is used to execute the programs stored in the memory 302 to realize the corresponding processing functions; the communication bus 304 is used for communication between the electronic device 300 and other devices; the controller 305 is used to realize the control method of the photovoltaic assembly of the above method embodiment. Exemplarily, the electronic device can be installed in conjunction with the photovoltaic device.

[0117] In the embodiment of the present application, the communication bus 304 may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The communication bus 304 may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc., and the specific form is not limited. For ease of representation, Figure 4 Only one thick line is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0118] The memory 302 may include a random access memory (RAM) or a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory. Optionally, the memory may also be at least one storage device located far away from the processor 301 .

[0119] The processor 301 can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other editable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, and the specific form can be determined according to actual needs.

[0120] Accordingly, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed, can implement each step that can be executed by an electronic device in the above method embodiment.

[0121] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The photovoltaic assembly comprises at least a first battery group for converting low-spectrum light, and a second battery group for converting high-spectrum light; the first battery group is stacked on the upper layer of the second battery group; The photovoltaic assembly further includes a first photovoltaic glass layer disposed above the first battery group, and the first photovoltaic glass layer and the first battery group are bonded to each other via a first polymer adhesive film; The photovoltaic assembly further includes a second photovoltaic glass layer disposed between the first battery group and the second battery group, the second photovoltaic glass layer and the first battery group are bonded via a second polymer adhesive film, and the second photovoltaic glass layer and the second battery group are bonded via a third polymer adhesive film; The photovoltaic module further includes a third photovoltaic glass layer disposed below the second battery group, and the third photovoltaic glass layer and the second battery group are bonded to each other via a fourth polymer adhesive film; The photovoltaic module is used to absorb multi-spectral light and convert it into electrical energy to improve the light energy utilization rate of the photovoltaic module; The photovoltaic assembly also includes a step-down module; the step-down module at least includes: a power adjustment unit and a dynamic following unit; The dynamic following unit is used to receive real-time data of the second light current; and determine the dynamic power parameter to be adjusted by using a dynamic following model according to the real-time data, the real-time light intensity and the environmental influencing factor; The power adjustment unit is used to adjust the power of the first illumination current converted by the first battery group based on the dynamic power parameter; The dynamic following model at least includes: a feature extraction layer, a dynamic tracking layer, and an output layer; based on the real-time data, the real-time light intensity, and the environmental influencing factors, the dynamic power parameters to be adjusted are determined by the dynamic following model, including: Extracting illumination compensation features from the real-time data, the real-time illumination intensity, and the environmental influencing factors respectively through a feature extraction layer; Predicting, by a dynamic tracking layer, a difference compensation parameter between the first illumination current and the second illumination current based on the illumination compensation characteristic; The difference compensation parameter is updated to the dynamic power parameter through the output layer.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a step-down module, which is used to adjust the power of the first light current converted by the first battery group and output it to the junction box; The junction box is used to receive the second light current and the adjusted first light current; the second light current is obtained by conversion of the second battery group.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first battery group is composed of cadmium telluride thin film battery cells, and the second battery group is composed of crystalline silicon battery cells.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The crystalline silicon cell is any one or more of a passivated emitter and back cell, a back contact cell, and a tunneling oxide layer passivated contact cell.

5. A method for controlling a photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The photovoltaic component is a photovoltaic component according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and the method is used to control the electric energy conversion efficiency in the photovoltaic component; the method comprises: Acquire real-time data of the first light current and the second light current; the real-time data at least includes real-time voltage values ​​of the first light current and the second light current respectively; Collecting the real-time light intensity and environmental influencing factors in the environment where the photovoltaic module is located; the environmental influencing factors at least include: real-time temperature, real-time humidity, usage time, and component properties; Based on the real-time data, the real-time light intensity and the environmental influencing factors, determining the dynamic power parameter to be adjusted through a dynamic following model; Based on the dynamic power parameter, power adjustment is performed on the first illumination current converted by the first battery group in the photovoltaic assembly to obtain an adjusted first illumination current; the first illumination current is obtained by the first battery group based on low-spectrum illumination conversion; The adjusted first light current and the second light current converted by the second battery group in the photovoltaic module are output to the junction box respectively, and output to the rear-end load device through the junction box; the second light current is obtained by the second battery group based on hyperspectral light conversion.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The first battery group is composed of cadmium telluride thin film battery cells, and the second battery group is composed of crystalline silicon battery cells.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The crystalline silicon cell is any one or more of a passivated emitter and back cell, a back contact cell, and a tunneling oxide layer passivated contact cell.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that After acquiring the real-time data of the first light current and the second light current, the method further includes: Determine the electric energy conversion rate of the crystalline silicon cell based on the real-time data; Determine the transmittance of the cadmium telluride thin film battery cell, and generate first battery pack assembly information for the electric energy conversion rate according to the transmittance of the cadmium telluride thin film battery cell; the first battery pack assembly information at least includes: optimization parameters for the transmittance, and battery cell material ratio information matching the optimization parameters; The relationship between the optimized transmittance and the electric energy conversion rate of the crystalline silicon cell is expressed as the following formula: ;in, is the real-time electric energy conversion rate of the crystalline silicon cell, is the actual short-circuit current value of the crystalline silicon cell under the current lighting conditions, Indicates the open circuit voltage of the crystalline silicon cell under the current lighting conditions, The optimized transmittance of the cadmium telluride thin film solar cell is is the transmittance adjustment factor, is a preset constant. Less than 1, is the total light intensity irradiating the cadmium telluride thin film solar cell and the crystalline silicon solar cell.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The process of obtaining the cell material ratio information matched with the optimization parameters is expressed as the following formula: ;in, is the material ratio of a certain material in the cadmium telluride thin film solar cell under the current lighting conditions, is the transmittance adjustment factor, The optimized transmittance of the cadmium telluride thin film solar cell is is the total light intensity irradiated to the cadmium telluride thin film solar cell and the crystalline silicon solar cell, is the material aging parameter corresponding to the material, is the actual temperature of the current environment, and is a preconfigured constant adjustment factor, , , , , Weight parameter set for adaptation.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores a computer software program, and when the computer software program is executed by the processor, the photovoltaic component control method according to any one of claims 5 to 9 is implemented.

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