Craniocerebral quantitative drainage device

Abstract

The invention discloses a craniocerebral quantitative drainage device which is composed of a controller, an electromagnetic clamping valve, a liquid level sensor, an alarm, a drainage pipeline, a drip cup, a drainage bag, an intracranial pressure graduated scale and a brain drainage tube. According to the device, the drainage amount and / or drainage time can be set through the controller, when the liquid level sensor senses that the amount of intracerebral effusion collected by the drip cup reaches the set drainage amount or drainage time, a signal is transmitted to the controller, and the controller starts a program to command the electromagnetic clamping valve to clamp a catheter, cut off drainage and trigger an alarm. The drainage time and / or the drainage amount can be set according to the intracranial pressure of the patient, too slow drainage or excessive drainage can be effectively avoided, the workload of nursing personnel is relieved, meanwhile, precise drainage is achieved, and the medical accident rate is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical devices, and in particular to a quantitative brain drainage device. Background Art

[0002] Intraventricular hemorrhage is a brain surgical disease that usually develops quickly, induces cerebrospinal fluid circulation disorders, and then causes acute obstructive hydrocephalus, which increases the patient's intracranial pressure. The condition is relatively critical and has a high mortality rate. External ventricular drainage can reduce intracranial pressure and clear bloody or infected cerebrospinal fluid. It is an important means of treating ventricular hemorrhage. It is an important treatment method to save patients' lives in the treatment of various neurosurgical diseases such as brain trauma, cerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracranial infection, hydrocephalus, etc.

[0003] The change in drainage speed during the drainage of intracranial fluid is one of the key factors affecting the drainage effect. Under normal physiological conditions, adults produce about 500 ml of cerebrospinal fluid every day. If the drainage volume exceeds 500 ml, it will lead to excessive drainage, resulting in large instantaneous fluctuations in intracranial pressure, forming pneumocephalus, low intracranial pressure pain, etc., inducing brain herniation, and too slow drainage is prone to tube blockage, which not only reduces the effect of intracranial pressure control, but also may increase the risk of infection and seriously affect the patient's prognosis. At present, the commonly used clinical method is based on the flow control theory. By dynamically changing the height of the drainage bottle to control the drainage speed, the purpose of slowly and evenly draining cerebrospinal fluid can be achieved. Clinical nursing staff are required to make dynamic adjustments according to the patient's intracranial pressure at any time, and the frequency and sophistication of nursing are required to be high, which increases the workload of nursing staff and the incidence of medical accidents.

[0004] Patent CN112336924A discloses a non-contact cerebrospinal fluid drainage and intracranial pressure automatic monitoring device, which includes a drainage tube, a non-contact connector, a buckle, a drop counter, a flow regulating mechanism, a pressure sensor, a controller, a touch screen, an alarm and a drainage bag; the drainage tube and the pressure sensor are connected through a non-contact connector to realize non-contact intracranial pressure measurement to avoid cross infection; it integrates non-contact automatic measurement of intracranial pressure, as well as automatic monitoring and control of drainage flow, and realizes real-time display and alarm of monitoring data.

[0005] Patent CN112274129A discloses an intracranial pressure measurement device based on a BP neural network model optimized by a genetic algorithm and its working method, which has the characteristics of miniaturization, light weight, low power consumption, etc. The system microprocessor stores a pre-trained machine learning model, which can obtain the intracranial pressure value based on the most original spectral data and maintain the authenticity and reliability of the data.

[0006] Infection is the most serious complication of external cranial drainage, and the incidence of complications is high. Blockage of the brain drainage tube will not only lead to poor drainage of brain fluid, affecting the treatment effect, but also lead to infection.

[0007] Patent CN118436861A discloses an extraventricular drainage device that can regulate intracranial pressure and prevent infection. The device covers the puncture site with a positioning sterilization component and uses infrared irradiation for disinfection and sterilization, and then combines it with antibacterial materials or antibacterial coatings to reduce the risk of infection.

[0008] Patent CN118846276A discloses an active flushing and drainage system and control method. The system includes an infusion unit, a flushing unit, a drainage unit, an interactive control unit and a drainage tube. The interactive control unit can automatically identify the blockage of the drainage tube and remove the blockage of the drainage tube through the flushing unit, thereby improving the degree of intelligence and the ability to remove blockage. Summary of the invention

[0009] The present invention prepares a cranial and cerebral quantitative drainage device, which is characterized in that the cranial and cerebral quantitative drainage device consists of a controller 1, a power adapter 2, two electromagnetic clamping valves 3, a liquid level sensor 4, an alarm 5, a drainage pipeline A6, a drainage pipeline B7, a drip pot 8, a drainage bag 9, an intracranial pressure scale 10, and a drainage tube 11; the liquid level sensor 4 is located on the body of the drip pot 8, and the controller 1 is respectively connected to the two electromagnetic valves, the alarm 5 and the liquid level sensor 4 on the body of the drip pot 8; the The drainage tube 11 is connected to the drainage pipeline A6, and the other end of the drainage pipeline A6 is connected to the drip pot 8; the drainage pipeline B7 is connected to the bottom end of the drip pot 8; the drainage tube 11 has a coaxial double-layer catheter wall 12, and a smooth plugging head 13 is provided at the end; the drainage tube 11 includes a drainage cavity 14 and an injection cavity, and the injection cavity is located between the double-layer catheter wall 12, and is divided into an injection cavity A16 and an injection cavity B17 by a diaphragm 15, and each injection cavity is provided with evenly distributed support columns 18; wherein: Four bidirectional valves A19 and B20 are evenly distributed on the outer wall 12-1 of the injection cavity A and the inner wall 12-2 of the injection cavity A. The bidirectional valves A19 and B20 are opened toward the outer wall and inner wall of the drainage tube 11 respectively at a pressure greater than 2.0 kPa when injecting medicine or other liquids, and are closed at other times; four bidirectional valves C21 are evenly distributed on the inner wall 12-3 of the injection cavity B. The bidirectional valves C21 are opened toward the outer wall and inner wall of the drainage tube 11 at a pressure greater than 2.0 kPa when injecting medicine or other liquids, and are closed at other times. kPa pressure toward the inner wall of the catheter, and is closed at other times; the rear end 22 of the drainage tube is a single-layer catheter, and a drainage hole 23 is arranged on the single-layer catheter; the drainage cavity 14, injection cavity A16 and injection cavity B17 are respectively connected to the extension tube 25 with the Luer connector 24 through an injection molding process; the Luer connector on the extension tube connected to the drainage cavity 14 can be connected to the Luer connector on the drainage pipeline A6; the height of the support column 18 is 1 / 2-3 / 4 of the distance between the two layers of the catheter wall.

[0010] Furthermore, the drainage line A6 and the drainage line B7 are a combination of PVC-silicone-PVC catheters, and the hardness of the silicone catheter in the PVC-silicone-PVC catheter is 20-30 degrees and the wall thickness is <1.0 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the drip pot 8 is made of a transparent material, and a capacity scale is printed on the surface. The liquid level sensor 4 can be installed on the surface of the drip pot 8 to sense the liquid level of the drainage liquid in the drip pot 8.

[0012] Furthermore, the silicone tubes of the drainage pipeline A6 and the drainage pipeline B7 can be placed in a clamping valve, and the clamping force of the clamping valve matches the silicone tube, and the drainage can be cut off when the clamping valve is clamped.

[0013] Furthermore, the controller 1 contains a control module 26 and a display module 27. The control module 26 has a control program written into it. The controller 1 controls the liquid level sensor 4, the electromagnetic clamping valve and the alarm 5 through the control program. The liquid level sensor 4 can sense the volume of drainage fluid with a frequency of 100ms; the electromagnetic clamping valve 3 can provide a clamping pressure of up to 30psi.

[0014] Furthermore, the display module 27 of the controller 1 includes a display screen 28 for setting the drainage time and drainage volume.

[0015] Furthermore, the control program sets the drainage fluid volume and / or drainage time through the display screen 28. When the drainage volume and / or drainage time meet the set conditions, the control program can start the electromagnetic clamping valve 3, clamp the catheter, cut off the drainage, and start the alarm 5 to sound an alarm.

[0016] Furthermore, the intracranial pressure scale 10 includes a fixture 29 for placing the drip pot 8, a scale 30 and a scale fixing clip 31. The fixture 29 and the fixing clip are connected to the scale by screws. A smooth track is provided in the middle of the scale. The fixture 29 can be slid up and down for adjustment. The starting pressure scale of the scale is 0.

[0017] Furthermore, the injection cavity A16 can inject antibacterial and anticoagulant liquid drugs through the Luer connector on the extension tube.

[0018] Furthermore, the injection cavity B17 can inject thrombolytic drugs such as urokinase into the catheter drainage cavity 14 through the Luer connector on the extension tube.

[0019] The quantitative brain drainage device prepared by the present invention can monitor the intracranial pressure of the patient through the drip pot 8 and the intracranial pressure scale 10, and set the drainage fluid volume and / or drainage time accordingly. When the drainage amount or drainage time meets the set conditions, the controller 1 program commands the electromagnetic clamping valve 3 to clamp the catheter, cut off the drainage, and realize intracranial pressure monitoring and quantitative control of the drainage amount and drainage pressure. The drainage time and drainage amount can be used as separate control factors to control the drainage switch separately, and can also be used as dual factors to control the drainage switch at the same time. The nursing staff can obtain the intracranial pressure of the patient in time, set the drainage time and drainage amount according to the intracranial pressure of the patient, and effectively avoid slow drainage or excessive drainage, thereby reducing the nursing burden and the incidence of medical accidents. Antibacterial and thrombolytic drugs can be injected according to the treatment plan through the drainage tube 11 to prevent blockage and reduce infection. The catheter designed by the present invention is respectively designed with a drainage cavity 14 and two injection cavities, which can separate the intracerebral fluid drained outward and the drugs injected inward, thereby improving the treatment efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a picture of a cranial quantitative drainage device; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the controller; Figure 3 It is the overall structural diagram of the drainage tube; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drainage tube; Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the lumen of the drainage tube; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intracranial pressure scale; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixator; Among them, 1-controller, 2-a power adapter, 3-electromagnetic clamping valve, 4-liquid level sensor, 5-alarm, 6-drainage line A, 7-drainage line B, 8-drip pot, 9-drainage bag, 10-intracranial pressure scale, 11-drainage tube, 12-double-layer catheter wall, 13-plugging head, 14-drainage cavity, 15-diaphragm, 16-injection cavity A, 17-injection cavity B, 18-support column, outer wall 12-1 of injection cavity A, inner wall 12-2 of injection cavity A, inner wall 12-3 of injection cavity B, 19-bidirectional valve A, 20-bidirectional valve B, 21-bidirectional valve C, 22-rear end of drainage tube, 23-drainage hole, 25-extension tube, 26-control module, 27-display module, 28-display screen, 29-fixer, 30-scale, 31-scale fixing clip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Example 1 After simulating the placement of extracranial drainage, close the three-way valve of the drainage tube 11, and connect the drainage fluid outflow port of the drainage tube 11 to the drainage device composed of the drainage pipeline A6, the drip pot 8 flow pipeline B and the drainage bag 9 designed by the present invention through a connector. Adjust the "0" scale line of the scale 30 to align with the patient's head, fix the intracranial pressure scale 10 to the infusion stand through the scale fixing clamp 31, adjust the fixture 29 to the highest point of the scale 30, place the drip pot 8, open the three-way of the drainage tube 11, adjust the height of the drip pot 8 on the fixture 29, and the intracranial pressure scale 10 reading corresponding to the height of the drip pot 8 outlet when drainage begins is the patient's intracranial pressure. According to the monitored intracranial pressure, adjust the height of the drip pot 8 on the intracranial pressure scale 10 to adjust the drainage pressure and drainage speed.

[0023] Assemble the liquid level sensor 4 and the drip pot 8 to test the drainage volume, insert the silicone tube segments on the drainage line A6 and the drainage line B7 into the electromagnetic clamping valve 3 respectively, turn on the power of the controller 1, turn on the switch, and set the drainage time and / or drainage volume according to clinical needs.

[0024] When the drainage time or drainage volume reaches the set value, a signal is transmitted to the controller 1, which activates the clamping device to cut the drainage and simultaneously activates the alarm 5 to sound an alarm.

[0025] Example 2 During catheterization, for patients who need to be injected with antibiotics, the heparin cap on extension tube A is disinfected with alcohol, and antibiotics are injected through puncture with a syringe needle to treat intracranial infection; to avoid tube blockage when there are flocs or lumps in the drainage fluid, the heparin cap on extension tube B is disinfected with alcohol, and thrombolytic drugs such as urokinase are injected through puncture with a syringe needle, and no tube blockage occurs.

[0026] Example 3 Take the drainage tube 11 of the present invention and the common single-lumen drainage tube. The common drainage tube has the same drainage lumen, plugging head 13 and drainage hole 23 as the drainage tube 11 of the present invention, and is externally connected to an extension tube with a Luer connector, but has no injection lumen, and has the same length and inner and outer diameters. 6 cfu / mL of Staphylococcus aureus were cultured in LB medium for 24 h. After dilution, a certain amount of the diluted sample was applied to the outer wall of the catheter and cultured for 48 h. The same amount of antibiotics was injected through the drainage cavity of the ordinary catheter and the injection cavity A16 of the present invention, and the number of bacteria on the outer wall of the two was measured. The average values ​​of the three test results were as follows: the number of bacteria on the outer wall of the ordinary catheter was 8.6*10 9 and 1.4*10 6 The number of bacteria on the outer wall of the drainage tube 11 prepared by the preparation method of the present invention is much lower than that on the outer wall of an ordinary drainage tube, which proves that the drainage tube 11 prepared by the present invention is more conducive to the coverage of antibacterial drugs and effectively kills bacteria.

[0027] Comparative Example 1 After simulating extracranial drainage catheterization, close the three-way valve of the drainage tube 11. Adjust the "0" scale line of the scale 30 to align with the patient's head, fix the intracranial pressure scale 10 to the infusion stand through the scale fixing clamp 31, adjust the fixture 29 to the highest point of the scale 30, place the drip pot 8, open the three-way of the drainage tube 11, adjust the height of the drip pot 8 on the fixture 29, and the scale 30 reading corresponding to the outlet height of the drip pot 8 when drainage begins is the patient's intracranial pressure. According to the monitored intracranial pressure, adjust the height of the drip pot 8 on the scale 30, and adjust the drainage pressure and drainage speed. Medical staff regularly check the drainage volume and drainage speed and adjust them according to the situation.

[0028] Comparative Example 2 To simulate the injection of antibiotics during catheterization, first adjust the three-way valve to close the drainage passage, disinfect the injection port with alcohol, open the Luer cap on the injection port, adjust the three-way valve to connect the injection port with the drainage tube, and inject antibiotics and thrombolytic drugs through the Luer with a syringe. It can be seen that the drainage material on the drainage tube is washed back into the skull, adheres to the drainage hole 23 and accumulates at the drainage hole 23, reducing the drainage rate and even blocking the tube.

[0029] By comparing Example 1 with Comparative Example 1, Example 1 sets the drainage volume and drainage rate, and an alarm can be issued when the drainage volume reaches the standard or the drainage rate is not within the set range, thereby avoiding excessive drainage and tube blockage. However, Comparative Example 1 requires regular viewing, recording and calculation, which occupies medical staff, and the numerical statistics are inaccurate.

[0030] By comparing Example 2 and Comparative Example 2, it is found that the infection risk of injecting drugs by puncturing the heparin cap in Example 2 is low, while the injection port of Comparative Example 2 is opened to inject drugs, which destroys the closed drainage system and easily causes infection.

[0031] In Example 2, drainage and drug injection are performed in separate chambers, which can keep the drainage fluid in an outward drainage state all the time, while injecting drugs through the drug injection port on the three-way joint causes the drainage fluid and the drug to flow back, increasing the risk of infection.

[0032] Comparative Example 3 After simulating the placement of extracranial drainage catheter, close the three-way valve of the drainage tube 11, and connect the drainage fluid outflow port of the drainage tube 11 to the drainage device consisting of a common drainage pipeline with a hardness greater than 30 degrees, a drip pot 8 flow pipeline B, and a drainage bag 9 through a connector. Adjust the "0" scale line of the scale 30 to align with the patient's head, fix the intracranial pressure scale 10 to the infusion stand through the scale fixing clamp 31, adjust the fixture 29 to the highest point of the scale 30, place the drip pot 8, open the three-way of the drainage tube 11, adjust the height of the drip pot 8 on the fixture 29, and the intracranial pressure scale 10 reading corresponding to the height of the drip pot 8 outlet when drainage begins is the patient's intracranial pressure. According to the monitored intracranial pressure, adjust the height of the drip pot 8 on the intracranial pressure scale 10 to adjust the drainage pressure and drainage speed.

[0033] Assemble the liquid level sensor 4 and the drip pot 8 to test the drainage volume, put the common drainage pipes with a hardness greater than 30 degrees connecting the drip pot into the electromagnetic clamping valve 3 respectively, turn on the power of the controller 1, turn on the switch, and set the drainage time and / or drainage volume according to clinical needs.

[0034] When the drainage time or drainage volume reaches the set value, a signal is transmitted to the controller 1. Although the clamping device is started, the drainage pipeline cannot be completely clamped and segmented for drainage due to its high hardness.

Claims

1. A quantitative brain drainage device, characterized in that: The quantitative brain drainage device comprises a controller (1), a power adapter (2), two electromagnetic clamping valves (3), a liquid level sensor (4), an alarm (5), a drainage pipeline A (6), a drainage pipeline B (7), a drip pot (8), a drainage bag (9), an intracranial pressure scale (10), and a drainage tube (11); the liquid level sensor (4) is located on the body of the drip pot (8); the controller is respectively connected to the two electromagnetic valves, the alarm (5), and the liquid level sensor (4) on the body of the drip pot (8); the drainage tube (11) is connected to the drainage pipeline A (6), the other end of the drainage pipeline A (6) is connected to the drip pot (8); the drainage pipeline B (7) is connected to the bottom end of the drip pot (8); the drainage tube (11) has a coaxial double-layer catheter wall (12), and a smooth plug head (13) is provided at the end; the drainage tube (11) comprises a drainage cavity (14) and an injection cavity, the injection cavity is located between the double-layer catheter wall (12), and is divided into an injection cavity A (16) and an injection cavity B (17) by a diaphragm (15), and each injection cavity is provided with evenly distributed support columns (18); wherein: the Four bidirectional valves A (19) and a bidirectional valve B (20) are evenly distributed on the outer wall (12-1) of the injection cavity A and the inner wall (12-2) of the injection cavity A. The bidirectional valves A (19) and the bidirectional valves B (20) are opened toward the outer wall and the inner wall of the drainage tube (11) respectively at a pressure greater than 2.0 kPa when injecting medicine or other liquids, and are in a closed state at other times. Four bidirectional valves C (21) are evenly distributed on the inner wall (12-3) of the injection cavity B. The bidirectional valves are opened toward the outer wall and the inner wall of the drainage tube (11) at a pressure greater than 2.0 kPa when injecting medicine or other liquids. The drainage tube (14) is opened toward the inner wall of the catheter under a pressure of 0 kPa, and is closed at other times; the rear end (22) of the drainage tube is a single-layer catheter, and a drainage hole (23) is provided on the single-layer catheter; the drainage cavity (14), injection cavity A (16) and injection cavity B (17) are respectively connected to an extension tube (25) with a Luer connector (24) through an injection molding process; the Luer connector on the extension tube connected to the drainage cavity (14) can be connected to the Luer connector on the drainage pipeline A (6); the height of the support column (18) is 1 / 2-3 / 4 of the distance between the two layers of the catheter wall.

2. A quantitative brain drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage pipeline A (6) and the drainage pipeline B (7) are a combination of PVC-silicone-PVC catheters, wherein the hardness of the silicone catheter in the PVC-silicone-PVC catheter is 20-30 degrees and the wall thickness is less than 1.0 mm.

3. A quantitative brain drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drip pot (8) is made of a transparent material, with a capacity scale printed on the surface. The liquid level sensor (4) can be installed on the surface of the drip pot (8) to sense the liquid level of the drainage liquid in the drip pot (8).

4. A quantitative brain drainage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The silicone catheter in the PVC-silicone-PVC catheter can be placed in a clamping valve, and drainage can be cut off when the clamping valve is clamped.

5. The quantitative brain drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller (1) contains a control module (26) and a display module (27). The control module (26) has a control program written into it. The controller (1) controls the liquid level sensor (4), the electromagnetic clamping valve and the alarm (5) through the control program. The liquid level sensor (4) can sense the volume of drainage fluid with a frequency of 100 ms; the electromagnetic clamping valve (3) can provide a clamping pressure of up to 30 psi.

6. A quantitative brain drainage device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The display module (27) of the controller (1) comprises a display screen (28) for setting the drainage time and drainage volume.

7. A quantitative brain drainage device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control program sets the drainage volume and / or drainage time through the display screen (28). When the drainage volume and / or drainage time meet the set conditions, the control program can start the electromagnetic clamping valve (3), clamp the catheter, cut off the drainage, and start the alarm (5) to sound an alarm.

8. The quantitative brain drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intracranial pressure scale (10) comprises a holder (29) for placing a drip pot (8), a scale (30) and a scale fixing clamp (31); the holder (29) and the fixing clamp are connected to the scale via screws; a smooth track is provided in the middle of the scale; the holder (29) can be slid up and down for adjustment; and the initial pressure scale of the scale is 0.

9. The quantitative brain drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The injection cavity A (16) can be used to inject antibacterial and anticoagulant liquid drugs through the Luer connector on the extension tube.

10. The quantitative brain drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The injection cavity B (17) can be used to inject thrombolytic drugs such as urokinase into the catheter drainage cavity (14) through the Luer connector on the extension tube.

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