Rydberg atom microwave detection system and method based on entangled light noise reduction

Abstract

The invention provides a Rydberg atom microwave detection system and method based on entangled light noise reduction, and relates to the technical field of microwave quantum. The method comprises the steps that idler frequency light and probe light with entanglement characteristics are generated, the probe light excites Rydberg atoms from a ground state to an excited state, and the idler frequency light is used for carrying noise information; the idle frequency light and the detection light are reflected into an atomic gas chamber in a non-coaxial mode, the coupling light is reflected into the atomic gas chamber, and Rydberg atoms are excited to a Rydberg first energy level from an excited state; microwaves carrying microwave information are emitted into the atom gas chamber, the microwaves are used for exciting Rydberg atoms from the first Rydberg energy level to the second Rydberg energy level so that the detection light can carry the microwave information, and finally the idler frequency light and the detection light enter the detection device so that noise information can be filtered out, and the detected microwave information can be obtained. According to the invention, loss of entanglement characteristics of the two beams of light can be effectively avoided, Rydberg atom microwave detection based on entangled light is realized, and the sensitivity of Rydberg atom microwave detection is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention mainly relates to the field of microwave quantum technology, and in particular to a Rydberg atom microwave detection system and method based on entangled light noise reduction. Background Art

[0002] Rydberg atoms refer to highly excited atoms whose principal quantum number n is much greater than 1. Rydberg atoms have extremely large polarizability and microwave transition electric dipole moment, so they are extremely sensitive to external electric fields; as the principal quantum number of Rydberg atoms changes, they have very rich microwave energy level transitions, and the transition frequency can cover an ultra-wide range from MHz to THz. Compared with ground state atoms and low excited state atoms, Rydberg atoms have longer radiation lifetimes and can obtain longer coherent measurement integration times.

[0003] In recent years, microwave detection systems based on Rydberg atoms have attracted much attention due to their high sensitivity, and have shown great application prospects in the fields of microwave communications, microwave detection, electronic reconnaissance, electronic countermeasures, and terahertz imaging. However, the current microwave detection of Rydberg atoms is based on coherent laser detection. This measurement method limits the detection limit sensitivity to optical shot noise, making it difficult to achieve a decisive advantage in limit sensitivity over traditional electromagnetic detection methods. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a Rydberg atom microwave detection system and method based on entangled light noise reduction in view of the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: a Rydberg atom microwave detection system based on entangled light noise reduction, comprising an entangled light source generating device, a reflector assembly, an atomic gas chamber, a dichroic mirror, a microwave transmitting device and a detection device;

[0006] The entangled light source generating device generates two beams of idler light and probe light with entangled characteristics, and emits the idler light and the probe light to the reflector assembly, wherein the probe light is used to act on the Rydberg atoms to excite the Rydberg atoms from the ground state to the excited state, and the idler light is used to carry noise information;

[0007] The reflector assembly reflects the idler light and the detection light non-coaxially into the atomic gas chamber;

[0008] The dichroic mirror reflects the coupling light into the atomic gas chamber, the coupling light coincides with the detection light and propagates in opposite directions, wherein the coupling light is used to excite the Rydberg atom from an excited state to a Rydberg first energy level;

[0009] The microwave transmitting device transmits microwaves carrying microwave information into the atomic gas chamber, wherein the microwaves are used to excite the Rydberg atoms from the Rydberg first energy level to the Rydberg second energy level, so that the detection light carries the microwave information;

[0010] The idler light and the detection light pass through the atomic gas chamber and then enter the detection device through the dichroic mirror respectively. The detection device performs differential detection on the idler light and the detection light to obtain microwave information.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the introduction of idler light and detection light with entangled characteristics can effectively reduce the quantum noise of the detection light and improve the microwave measurement sensitivity. The propagation mode of the detection light and the idler light in the atomic gas chamber and the differential detection after passing through the atomic gas chamber can effectively avoid the loss of the entanglement characteristics of the two beams of light, and realize Rydberg atom microwave detection based on entangled light. The present invention can greatly improve the sensitivity of Rydberg atom microwave detection.

[0012] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0013] Furthermore, the energy level of the detection light matches the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the ground state to the excited state, and the energy level of the idler light does not match the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the ground state to the excited state; the energy level of the coupling light matches the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the Rydberg first energy level to the Rydberg second energy level.

[0014] Furthermore, the reflector assembly includes a first reflector and a second reflector, the first reflector and the second reflector are both arranged on one side of the atomic gas chamber, and the dichroic mirror is arranged on the other side of the atomic gas chamber; the atomic gas chamber is a cylindrical structure.

[0015] Further, the reflector assembly reflects the idler light and the detection light non-coaxially into the atomic gas chamber, specifically:

[0016] The first reflector reflects the idler light into the atomic gas cell at a set angle with respect to the axis of the atomic gas cell, and the second reflector reflects the detection light coaxially with the atomic gas cell into the atomic gas cell.

[0017] Further, the detection device includes a first detector, a second detector and a subtractor;

[0018] The idler light and the detection light pass through the atomic gas chamber and then enter the detection device through the dichroic mirror. The detection device performs differential detection on the idler light and the detection light to obtain microwave information, specifically:

[0019] The first detector collects the idler light and transmits the idler light to the subtractor, and the second detector collects the detection light and transmits the detection light to the subtractor;

[0020] The subtractor performs a difference operation based on the signals of the idler light and the detection light, and filters out noise information according to the difference result, thereby obtaining microwave information.

[0021] Furthermore, the microwave transmitting device includes a microwave transmitter and an antenna horn, wherein the antenna horn is arranged between the microwave transmitter and the atomic gas chamber; the microwave transmitter generates microwaves carrying microwave information; and the antenna horn transmits the microwaves sent by the microwave transmitter into the atomic gas chamber.

[0022] Furthermore, the Rydberg atom microwave detection system also includes a coupled light transmitter, which generates coupled light and transmits the coupled light to the dichroic mirror.

[0023] Furthermore, the Rydberg atom is a rubidium atom or a cesium atom.

[0024] Another technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problem is as follows: A Rydberg atom microwave detection method based on entangled light noise reduction comprises the following steps:

[0025] Generate two beams of entangled idler light and probe light, wherein the probe light is used to act on the Rydberg atoms to excite the Rydberg atoms from the ground state to the excited state, and the idler light is used to carry noise information;

[0026] Reflecting the idler light and the probe light non-coaxially into the atomic gas chamber;

[0027] Reflecting coupling light into the atomic gas chamber, wherein the coupling light coincides with the detection light and propagates in opposite directions, wherein the coupling light is used to excite the Rydberg atoms from an excited state to a Rydberg first energy level;

[0028] emitting microwaves carrying microwave information into the atomic gas chamber, wherein the microwaves are used to excite the Rydberg atoms from the Rydberg first energy level to the Rydberg second energy level, so that the detection light carries the microwave information;

[0029] The idler light and the detection light pass through the atomic gas chamber and then enter the detection device through the dichroic mirror respectively. The detection device performs differential detection on the idler light and the detection light to obtain microwave information.

[0030] Furthermore, the energy level of the detection light matches the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the ground state to the excited state, and the energy level of the idler light does not match the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the ground state to the excited state; the energy level of the coupling light matches the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the Rydberg first energy level to the Rydberg second energy level. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a Rydberg atom microwave detection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the working energy levels of a Rydberg atom microwave detection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 One of the principle diagrams of entangled light generation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 The second schematic diagram of the principle of generating entangled light provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] In the accompanying drawings, the names of the components represented by the various marks are as follows:

[0036] 1. Microwave transmitter; 2. Antenna horn; 3. Entangled light source generator; 4. Idle light; 5. Detection light; 6. First reflector; 7. Second reflector; 8. Atomic gas chamber; 9. Coupled light; 10. Dichroic mirror; 11. First detector; 12. Second detector; 13. Subtractor; 14. Coupled light transmitter; 15. Microwave; 200. Reflector assembly; 300. Microwave transmitter; 400. Detection device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0038] The technical solution in the embodiment of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the present application. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship, for example, A / B can represent A or B; "and / or" in the present application is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural.

[0039] Furthermore, in the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more than two. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0040] Meanwhile, in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a concrete manner for ease of understanding.

[0041] The present invention aims at the problem of high-sensitivity detection of Rydberg atoms and proposes a method of using entangled light for microwave detection of Rydberg atoms.

[0042] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a Rydberg atom microwave detection system based on entangled light noise reduction, including an entangled light source generating device 3, a reflector assembly 200, an atomic gas chamber 8, a dichroic mirror 10, a microwave transmitting device 300 and a detection device 400;

[0043] The entangled light source generating device 3 generates two beams of idler light 4 and detection light 5 with entangled characteristics, and emits the idler light 4 and the detection light 5 to the reflector assembly 20, wherein the detection light 5 is used to act on the Rydberg atoms to excite the Rydberg atoms from the ground state to the excited state, and the idler light 4 is used to carry noise information.

[0044] The Rydberg atom may be a rubidium atom or a cesium atom.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, Rydberg atoms are taken as an example of rubidium atoms, that is, the detection light 5 generated by the entangled light source generating device 3 acts between the ground state and the excited state, and its function is to excite the rubidium atoms to the excited state, that is, the electrons in the ground state are pumped to the excited state.

[0046] The energy level of the detection light 5 matches the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the ground state to the excited state, and the energy level of the idler light 4 does not match the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the ground state to the excited state.

[0047] It should be understood that the idler light 4 and the probe light 5 are two entangled lights with entangled characteristics. Entangled light usually refers to photons in a quantum entangled state. In quantum mechanics, entanglement is a very special physical phenomenon in which the quantum states of two or more particles are related to each other in a way, even if they are far apart. This means that the measurement of one of the particles will immediately affect the state of the other entangled particles, regardless of the distance between them.

[0048] Entangled photons can be generated in a variety of ways, for example, by four-wave mixing (FWM).

[0049] The generation of quantum light source is based on the four-wave mixing process of cesium atoms. The probe light field and the pump light field are injected into the hot atomic ensemble at a certain angle at the same time, and a twin conjugate light field is generated under certain phase matching conditions, and the probe light field is amplified at the same time. The generated probe light and conjugate light have quantum correlation characteristics.

[0050] The generation and detection of specific quantum light sources are as follows Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown. Figure 3 The light source and atom pool parts of the quantum light source system are shown, which are used to generate quantum correlation beams; Figure 4 The quantum light source detection part is shown, which is used to detect the entanglement characteristics and intensity difference noise characteristics.

[0051] The light from the semiconductor laser is divided into two beams by a half-wave plate and a polarization beam splitter prism. One of the beams passes through the electro-optic modulator EOM to produce positive and negative optical sidebands. The frequency difference of the sidebands relative to the main frequency is ±9.2GHz, and the RF signal power driving the EOM is 34dBm. The tuning range of the EOM is ±50MHz centered at 9.2GHz. The modulated beam passes through three temperature-controlled standards in turn to filter out the -9.2GHz optical sideband. The probe light power obtained after filtering is sufficient to meet the experimental needs. Subsequently, a vertically polarized pump light and a horizontally polarized probe light are coupled in a polarization beam splitter prism and cross at a small angle in the center of the cesium atomic vapor cell. The temperature of the atomic pool is kept constant at 109.0±0.1℃ by a heating device. Both ends of the atomic pool are coated with 894nm anti-reflection film, and the single-side transmittance is ≥98%. The pump light and the probe light intersect at the center of the atomic pool. In the process of four-wave mixing, the probe light is amplified, and at the same time, a conjugate light with a frequency blue shift of 9.2GHz relative to the pump light is generated. The detection part is divided into two categories, one is intensity difference detection, and the other is balanced zero-beat detection. In the process of intensity difference detection, the generated conjugate light and probe light are injected into two low-noise detectors respectively. The two measured photocurrents are connected to the spectrometer after passing through the subtractor, so as to obtain the intensity difference noise of the probe light and the conjugate light. In the process of entanglement detection, the power of the local oscillator light is in the order of hundreds of microwatts, and the signal light is in a spontaneous radiation state. The signal light and the local oscillator light are overlapped by a beam splitter and then incident on a low-noise detector. The two measured photocurrents are connected to the spectrometer after passing through the subtractor, so as to extract the orthogonal amplitude and orthogonal phase information of the signal light through the local oscillator light. The criterion for judging whether the signal light and the local oscillator light overlap is to observe the interference contrast close to 100% using an oscilloscope.

[0052] The working environment for generating entangled light requires that the ambient temperature be maintained at around 26 degrees Celsius and the humidity be maintained at around 30.2% RH.

[0053] Next, the reflector assembly 200 reflects the idler light 4 and the detection light 5 non-coaxially into the atomic gas chamber 8 .

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, preferably, the reflector assembly 200 includes a first reflector 6 and a second reflector 7, the first reflector 6 and the second reflector 7 are both arranged on one side of the atomic gas chamber 8, and the dichroic mirror 10 is arranged on the other side of the atomic gas chamber 8; the atomic gas chamber 8 is a cylindrical structure.

[0055] The reflector assembly reflects the idler light 4 and the detection light 5 non-coaxially into the atomic gas chamber 8, specifically:

[0056] The first reflector 6 reflects the idle light 4 into the atomic gas cell 8 at a set angle with respect to the axis of the atomic gas cell 8 , and the second reflector 7 reflects the detection light 5 into the atomic gas cell 8 coaxially with the atomic gas cell 8 .

[0057] It should be noted that the idler light 4 and the detection light 5 must meet the condition of non-coaxial transmission, that is, they cannot be parallel in the atomic gas chamber.

[0058] The Rydberg atom microwave detection system further includes a coupling light transmitter 14 , which generates coupling light 9 and transmits the coupling light 9 to the dichroic mirror 10 .

[0059] At the same time, the dichroic mirror 10 reflects the coupling light 9 into the atomic gas chamber 8, and the coupling light 9 coincides with the detection light 5 and propagates in the opposite direction, wherein the coupling light 9 is used to excite the Rydberg atoms from the excited state to the Rydberg first energy level.

[0060] It should be understood that Figure 2 As shown, the energy level of the coupling light 9 matches the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the Rydberg first energy level to the Rydberg second energy level. The coupling light 9 acts between the excited state and the Rydberg first energy level, and its function is to excite the Rydberg atom (rubidium atom) from the excited state to the Rydberg state, that is, the electrons in the excited state are pumped to the Rydberg first energy level.

[0061] At the same time, the microwave emitting device 30 emits the microwave 15 carrying microwave information into the atomic gas chamber 8, and the microwave 15 is used to excite the Rydberg atoms from the Rydberg first energy level to the Rydberg second energy level; therefore, the detection light 5, the coupling light 9, and the microwave 15 act together in the Rydberg atoms (rubidium atoms) so that the detection light 5 carries the microwave information, and then passes through the detector 12 to realize microwave detection.

[0062] After passing through the atomic gas chamber 8, the idler light 4 and the detection light 5 enter the detection device through the dichroic mirror 10, respectively. The detection device performs differential detection on the idler light 4 and the detection light 5, thereby obtaining microwave information. Entangled light denoising can be completed, and optical noise can be reduced.

[0063] In the above embodiment, idler light 4 and detection light 5 with entangled characteristics are introduced, which can effectively reduce the quantum noise of the detection light 5 and improve the microwave measurement sensitivity. The propagation mode of the detection light 5 and the idler light 4 in the atomic gas chamber 8 and the differential detection after passing through the atomic gas chamber 8 can effectively avoid the loss of the entanglement characteristics of the two beams of light, and realize Rydberg atom microwave detection based on entangled light. The present invention can greatly improve the sensitivity of Rydberg atom microwave detection.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, preferably, the detection device 400 includes a first detector 11, a second detector 12 and a subtractor 13;

[0065] The idler light 4 and the detection light 5 pass through the atomic gas chamber 8 and then enter the detection device through the dichroic mirror 10. The detection device performs differential detection on the idler light 4 and the detection light 5 to obtain microwave information, specifically:

[0066] The first detector collects the idler light 4 and transmits the idler light 4 to the subtractor 13, and the second detector collects the detection light 5 and transmits the detection light 5 to the subtractor 13;

[0067] The subtractor 13 performs a difference operation based on the signals of the idler light 4 and the detection light 5, and filters out noise information according to the difference result, thereby obtaining microwave information.

[0068] In the above embodiment, the propagation method of the detection light 5 and the idler light 4 in the atomic gas chamber 8 and the differential detection after passing through the atoms can effectively avoid the loss of the entanglement characteristics of the two beams and realize Rydberg atom microwave detection based on entangled light.

[0069] like Figure 1 As shown, preferably, the microwave transmitting device 300 includes a microwave transmitter 1 and an antenna horn 2, and the antenna horn 2 is arranged between the microwave transmitter 1 and the atomic gas chamber 8; the microwave transmitter 1 generates microwaves 15 carrying microwave information; and the antenna horn 2 transmits the microwaves sent by the microwave transmitter 1 into the atomic gas chamber 8.

[0070] In the above embodiment, microwaves can be accurately emitted into the atomic gas chamber 8 through the antenna horn 2 .

[0071] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a Rydberg atom microwave detection method based on entangled light noise reduction, comprising the following steps:

[0072] Generate two beams of entangled idler light and probe light, wherein the probe light is used to act on the Rydberg atoms to excite the Rydberg atoms from the ground state to the excited state, and the idler light is used to carry noise information;

[0073] Reflect the idler light and the probe light non-coaxially into the atomic gas chamber; reflect the coupled light into the atomic gas chamber, the coupled light coincides with the probe light and has opposite propagation directions, wherein the coupled light is used to excite the Rydberg atoms from the excited state to the Rydberg first energy level; emit microwaves carrying microwave information into the atomic gas chamber, the microwaves are used to excite the Rydberg atoms from the Rydberg first energy level to the Rydberg second energy level, so that the probe light carries the microwave information;

[0074] The idler light and the detection light pass through the atomic gas chamber and then enter the detection device through the dichroic mirror respectively. The detection device performs differential detection on the idler light and the detection light to obtain microwave information.

[0075] Preferably, the energy level of the detection light matches the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the ground state to the excited state, and the energy level of the idler light does not match the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the ground state to the excited state; the energy level of the coupling light matches the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the Rydberg first energy level to the Rydberg second energy level.

[0076] The advantages of the present invention are mainly reflected in:

[0077] Firstly, the present invention proposes a method of using entangled light for Rydberg atom microwave detection, which can effectively reduce the quantum noise of the detection light and improve the microwave measurement sensitivity;

[0078] Secondly, the propagation method of the detection light and the idler light in the atomic gas chamber and the differential detection after passing through the atoms proposed in the present invention can effectively avoid the loss of the entanglement characteristics of the two beams of light and realize the Rydberg atom microwave detection based on entangled light;

[0079] Finally, the present invention can greatly improve the sensitivity of Rydberg atom microwave detection, surpass the existing classical detection methods, and achieve a breakthrough in the standard quantum limit. It has potential application value in electronic detection, electronic countermeasures, radar imaging, etc.

[0080] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0081] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described devices and units can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0082] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic, for example, the division of units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.

[0083] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Rydberg atom microwave detection system based on entangled light noise reduction, characterized in that: It includes an entangled light source generating device, a reflector assembly, an atomic gas chamber, a dichroic mirror, a microwave transmitting device and a detecting device; The entangled light source generating device generates two beams of idler light and probe light with entangled characteristics, and emits the idler light and the probe light to the reflector assembly, wherein the probe light is used to act on the Rydberg atoms to excite the Rydberg atoms from the ground state to the excited state, and the idler light is used to carry noise information; The reflector assembly reflects the idler light and the detection light non-coaxially into the atomic gas chamber; The dichroic mirror reflects the coupling light into the atomic gas chamber, the coupling light coincides with the detection light and propagates in opposite directions, wherein the coupling light is used to excite the Rydberg atom from an excited state to a Rydberg first energy level; The microwave transmitting device transmits microwaves carrying microwave information into the atomic gas chamber, wherein the microwaves are used to excite the Rydberg atoms from the Rydberg first energy level to the Rydberg second energy level, so that the detection light carries the microwave information; The idler light and the detection light pass through the atomic gas chamber and then enter the detection device through the dichroic mirror respectively. The detection device performs differential detection on the idler light and the detection light to obtain microwave information.

2. The Rydberg atomic microwave detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy level of the detection light matches the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the ground state to the excited state, and the energy level of the idler light does not match the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the ground state to the excited state; the energy level of the coupling light matches the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the Rydberg first energy level to the Rydberg second energy level.

3. The Rydberg atom microwave detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflector assembly comprises a first reflector and a second reflector, wherein the first reflector and the second reflector are both arranged on one side of the atomic gas chamber, and the dichroic mirror is arranged on the other side of the atomic gas chamber; the atomic gas chamber is a cylindrical structure.

4. The Rydberg atomic microwave detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reflector assembly reflects the idler light and the detection light non-coaxially into the atomic gas chamber, specifically: The first reflector reflects the idler light into the atomic gas cell at a set angle with respect to the axis of the atomic gas cell, and the second reflector reflects the detection light coaxially with the atomic gas cell into the atomic gas cell.

5. The Rydberg atomic microwave detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection device includes a first detector, a second detector and a subtractor; The idler light and the detection light pass through the atomic gas chamber and then enter the detection device through the dichroic mirror. The detection device performs differential detection on the idler light and the detection light to obtain microwave information, specifically: The first detector collects the idler light and transmits the idler light to the subtractor, and the second detector collects the detection light and transmits the detection light to the subtractor; The subtractor performs a difference operation based on the signals of the idler light and the detection light, and filters out noise information according to the difference result, thereby obtaining microwave information.

6. The Rydberg atom microwave detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microwave transmitting device includes a microwave transmitter and an antenna horn, wherein the antenna horn is arranged between the microwave transmitter and the atomic gas chamber; the microwave transmitter generates microwaves carrying microwave information; and the antenna horn transmits the microwaves sent by the microwave transmitter into the atomic gas chamber.

7. The Rydberg atomic microwave detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Rydberg atom microwave detection system further includes a coupled light transmitter, which generates coupled light and transmits the coupled light to the dichroic mirror.

8. The Rydberg atom microwave detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The Rydberg atom is a rubidium atom or a cesium atom.

9. A Rydberg atom microwave detection method based on entangled light noise reduction, characterized in that: The steps include: Generate two beams of entangled idler light and probe light, wherein the probe light is used to act on the Rydberg atoms to excite the Rydberg atoms from the ground state to the excited state, and the idler light is used to carry noise information; Reflecting the idler light and the probe light non-coaxially into the atomic gas chamber; Reflecting coupling light into the atomic gas chamber, wherein the coupling light coincides with the detection light and propagates in opposite directions, wherein the coupling light is used to excite the Rydberg atoms from an excited state to a Rydberg first energy level; emitting microwaves carrying microwave information into the atomic gas chamber, wherein the microwaves are used to excite the Rydberg atoms from the Rydberg first energy level to the Rydberg second energy level, so that the detection light carries the microwave information; The idler light and the detection light respectively enter the detection device after passing through the atomic gas chamber. The detection device filters out the noise information from the idler light and the detection light, thereby obtaining the detected microwave information.

10. The Rydberg atom microwave detection method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The energy level of the detection light matches the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the ground state to the excited state, and the energy level of the idler light does not match the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the ground state to the excited state; the energy level of the coupling light matches the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the Rydberg first energy level to the Rydberg second energy level.

Images