154 results about "Rydberg atom" patented technology

The invention relates to a partial discharge detection system based on Rydberg atoms in the field of partial discharge detection of electrical equipment, the system comprises an optical path frequency stabilization module, an atom probe, a photoelectric detection module, a controller module and a power frequency synchronous trigger signal circuit, the optical path frequency stabilization module locks 852.35 nm probe light and pump light frequency less than 509.53 nm through SAS and EIT technologies, and the atomic probe is used for detecting the frequency of the probe light. Inducing transition from a cesium atom ground state to a first excited state to a Rydberg state; under the effect of partial discharge pulse, the atomic probe outputs a modulated EIT transmission spectrum signal, after photoelectric conversion and filtering, the controller module analyzes the amplitude and phase information of the pulse in combination with a power frequency synchronizing signal, the upper computer generates a PRPD diagram to analyze the discharge correlation, the detection sensitivity of the system reaches-50dBm, the frequency band of 300MHz-2GHz is covered, the dynamic range is greater than or equal to 50dB, the equivalent height is greater than or equal to 20mm, and the discharge correlation is greater than or equal to 20mm. Broadband and high-resolution detection is achieved, the problem of phase synchronization is solved, and the device is suitable for high-voltage environment on-line monitoring.

The invention provides an active regulation and control device for a microwave resonant cavity based on Rydberg atoms. The microwave resonant cavity comprises a protective shell, an atomic gas chamber and a photoelectric detector, the active regulation and control device comprises a PID control module and piezoelectric ceramics, the PID control module is used for processing a received EIT transmission spectrum signal after generating a modulation signal to carry out atomic resonant frequency scanning on the atomic gas chamber, obtaining a target resonant frequency through a current feedback zero crossing point corresponding to an EIT transmission spectrum valley bottom value, and generating a deviation correction signal; and the piezoelectric ceramic is used for adjusting the length of a protective shell of the microwave resonant cavity according to the received correction signal, so that the atomic resonant frequency is locked as the target resonant frequency. The invention further provides an active regulation and control method for the microwave resonant cavity based on the Rydberg atoms. According to the invention, the resonant frequency of the microwave resonant cavity can be rectified in real time, and the optimal and most stable resonant mode of the local oscillation microwave frequency responding to atoms is kept.

The invention relates to a high-sensitivity anti-interference satellite navigation signal receiving system and method based on Rydberg atoms, and the system comprises a signal detection unit which is used for receiving a satellite navigation direct signal and outputting an electric signal; the data receiving unit is used for processing the electric signal output by the signal detection unit and outputting a navigation message; the power distribution unit is used for providing power for the signal detection unit and the data receiving unit; the signal detection unit comprises an atomic antenna which comprises four miniature atomic air chambers and is used for receiving satellite navigation direct signals from different directions; the light path system is used for providing detection laser and coupling laser for the miniature atomic gas chamber so as to excite atoms in the miniature atomic gas chamber from a first low-energy-level state to a high-energy-level state; and the patch antenna is arranged on one side of the miniature atomic gas chamber and is used for providing a local oscillation microwave signal for the miniature atomic gas chamber so as to realize superheterodyne high-sensitivity microwave signal receiving.

The invention provides a microwave superheterodyne frequency sweep measurement system based on Rydberg atoms, and belongs to the technical field of microwave frequency measurement. The laser module excites detection light of 780 nm and coupling light of 480 nm, and the two beams of light are reversely input into the atomic gas chamber through the dichroscope; signal microwaves are generated by a radio frequency signal source and are radiated to the position of the atomic gas chamber through the horn antenna; local oscillation microwaves are generated by the microwave module and are also radiated to the position of the atomic gas chamber through the horn antenna; the atomic gas chamber serves as a mixer to form a difference frequency signal; the spectrum analyzer is used for monitoring low-frequency difference frequency signals generated in the frequency mixing process in real time and recording signal intensity in real time. According to the invention, high-precision and wide-band microwave frequency measurement is realized, continuous and smooth frequency sweeping response can be provided in a frequency range, and absolute frequency detection of microwave signals is realized under the condition that a complex frequency comb technology is not introduced. The hardware architecture is simplified, the automation degree is improved, and integration, popularization and application are facilitated.

The invention belongs to the technical field of communication, and relates to a time-frequency multi-dimensional coding frequency hopping communication method and device based on Rydberg atoms. Comprising the following steps: exciting a cesium atom system from a ground state to an intermediate excitation state by utilizing probe light, and exciting the cesium atom system from the intermediate excitation state to a Rydberg state by utilizing coupling light; determining the resonant frequency and the non-resonant frequency of a carrier based on the energy level of the cesium atom system in the Rydberg state, and selecting the carrier of the resonant frequency or the non-resonant frequency according to the binary state of the baseband signal to perform time-frequency coding to generate a frequency hopping sequence; and radiating the frequency hopping sequence to a cesium atom system in a Rydberg state, and receiving a spectral signal of the transmissivity of the detection light passing through the cesium atom system so as to complete receiving of a baseband signal. According to the invention, frequency hopping sequence synchronization and signal modulation are not needed, the complexity of the system is reduced, and the method has the characteristic of tracking interference resistance.

The invention discloses a method for detecting a low-frequency electromagnetic field based on Rydberg atoms. According to the method, on the basis that Rydberg atoms have a unique response mechanism for an external electric field and a magnetic field, the Rydberg atoms can convert modulation of a low-frequency electromagnetic field into relevant physical quantity changes of a detection light field under an appropriate quantum regulation and control means, and therefore precise measurement of the low-frequency electromagnetic field is achieved; according to the method, a stable local bias field is applied to the atomic gas chamber, so that the measurement process occurs in a linear conversion area, and the measurement accuracy and sensitivity are remarkably improved; furthermore, the gas chamber condition, the laser driving system, the detection light path and the specific frequency component extraction process are optimized, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of low-frequency electromagnetic field signal measurement can be remarkably improved, and the detection capability of the system is enhanced. According to the method and device, the design thought is clear, the structural complexity is low, good environmental adaptability is shown, and an efficient and reliable means is provided for low-frequency electromagnetic field measurement.

Quantum optimization with Rydberg atom arrays is provided. In particular, methods are provided for solving combinatorial graph optimization problems, constraint satisfaction problems, maximum independent set problems, algebraic problems, and factoring.

The embodiment of the invention provides a switch cabinet partial discharge quantum sensing monitoring device. The device is applied to the technical field of power equipment monitoring, and comprises a light path regulation and excitation module which is used for generating and beam-splitting detection laser of a quantum sensor coupled to each Rydberg atom; the quantum electromagnetic induction module acts on Rydberg atoms and a partial discharge electromagnetic field, and fluorescence or absorption spectrum characteristics of atomic energy level transition are changed; extracting a weak discharge signal, and converting the weak discharge signal into an analyzable electric signal; the signal processing and diagnosis module is combined with spatial information acquired by a quantum sensor of doydberg atoms in a distributed manner, and a time-frequency analysis and pattern recognition algorithm is adopted to extract discharge characteristic quantity; partial discharge positioning, type identification and insulation state evaluation are realized based on the parameters, and a real-time monitoring result and early warning information are output. In this way, through deep fusion of quantum sensing and advanced signal processing, a high-precision and high-reliability technical solution is provided for power equipment state monitoring.

A receiver includes a first vapor cell and a second vapor cell, wherein the first vapor cell is exposed to a signal of interest and an interfering signal, and wherein the second vapor cell is exposed to at least the interfering signal. In an example, the first and second vapor cells includes an atomic medium including Rydberg atoms. The receiver includes an optical arrangement configured to (i) transmit a first probe laser beam to the first vapor cell, and (ii) transmit a second probe laser beam to the second vapor cell; an interferometer configured to (i) process a first laser beam from the first vapor cell, and a second laser beam from the second vapor cell, and (ii) generate a plurality of voltage signals; and a circuit configured to process the plurality of voltage signals and generate an output signal indicative of the signal of interest.

The invention discloses a Rydberg atom-based microwave regulation multi-channel frequency hopping device, which comprises an atomic gas chamber, probe light enters and passes through the atomic gas chamber from one end of the atomic gas chamber and then is reflected to a photoelectric detector through a polarization splitting prism, and coupled light is reflected by a reflector and then is transmitted to the photoelectric detector. The coupling light passes through the polarization splitting prism and enters the atomic gas chamber from the other end of the atomic gas chamber, and the coupling light reflected by the reflector and the probe light are overlapped in optical path and opposite in propagation direction; a local oscillator microwave signal generator and an auxiliary microwave signal generator are arranged on one side of the atomic gas chamber, the local oscillator microwave signal generator and the auxiliary microwave signal generator emit microwave signals into the atomic gas chamber, and the other side of the atomic gas chamber receives radio frequency signals to be measured; the invention further discloses a microwave regulation and control multi-channel frequency hopping method based on the Rydberg atoms. By reasonably configuring the frequency of the auxiliary microwave signal and the frequency of the local oscillation microwave signal, flexible frequency hopping of cesium Rydberg atoms in six different channels is achieved.

The invention relates to a Rydberg electromagnetic direction finding device based on a spherical atomic air chamber array. The Rydberg electromagnetic direction finding device is mainly composed of an antenna assembly, an antenna regulation and control assembly and a signal receiving assembly. The antenna assembly is composed of a 5 * 5 arranged spherical air chamber array, and the antenna regulation and control assembly comprises a 852 nm surface laser, a 509 nm surface laser and a 852 nm surface laser. The signal receiving assembly comprises a photoelectric detector embedded in a circuit board below each air chamber. The spherical gas chamber is filled with cesium atoms, and the lower part of the gas chamber is connected with a photoelectric detector. According to the device, the Rydberg atom spherical air chambers are adopted to form a signal receiving array, the high sensitivity of Rydberg atoms and the high sensitivity of electromagnetic field intensity measurement are utilized, and the incoming wave direction is inverted according to the weak difference of the signal intensity after electromagnetic signals emitted by an information source are sensitive in different air chambers; accurate measurement of the Rydberg atom electromagnetic sensitive system on the incoming wave direction is realized, and the Rydberg atom electromagnetic sensitive system can be used as novel electromagnetic measurement sensing equipment in the future.

The invention relates to a Rydberg atomic communication receiving system and method based on AT split peak value analysis, and belongs to the technical field of quantum communication. The system comprises a detection laser, a coupling laser, an AOM / EOM, a function generator, a high-frequency signal generator, a cesium atom gas chamber, a photoelectric detector, a lock-in amplifier, a data acquisition module and a microwave signal output module. The AOM / EOM modulates the frequency of the detection laser; the microwave signal output module generates an AM modulation microwave signal and transmits the AM modulation microwave signal to the cesium atom gas chamber, so that the target Rydberg state atoms generate an AT splitting effect to calibrate system parameters; the photoelectric detector and the lock-in amplifier obtain a first harmonic component based on the transmission light. During communication, the system is arranged in a microwave electric field received by communication, and the data acquisition and processing module outputs AM modulation microwave signals received by the recovered cesium atom gas chamber based on calibrated system parameters and phase locking. The method solves the problem of signal distortion existing in EIT-AT direct communication transmission and the problem of tedious operation of a heterodyne method.

The invention relates to the field of target micro-motion detection, and provides a Rydberg atom-based target micro-motion detection system and method, and the system comprises a microwave generation device, a Rydberg atom sensor, a photoelectric detector, and a signal collection and processing module. The microwave generating device comprises a local oscillation microwave source for generating a local oscillation microwave field and a signal microwave source for generating a signal microwave field; the signal microwave field penetrates through the Rydberg atom sensor and is emitted to a to-be-detected target, an echo signal field of the to-be-detected target returns to the Rydberg atom sensor and is subjected to three-field frequency mixing with the local oscillation microwave field and the signal microwave field, and a target micro-motion signal carrying frequency mixing information is obtained; the photoelectric detector is used for detecting the target micro-motion signal carrying the frequency mixing information and processing the target micro-motion signal to obtain an electric signal, and the electric signal is input to the signal acquisition and processing module to complete target micro-motion detection. Target micro-motion detection is carried out based on the Rydberg atom sensor, and the detection capability of an existing radar system on weak and small targets can be improved.

The invention provides a partial discharge detection system based on a Rydberg atom quantum coherence effect, and the system comprises an optical excitation module which is used for transmitting two-photon laser to excite hot atoms to enter a Rydberg state; the atomic gas chamber is used for accommodating hot atoms and is coupled with an electromagnetic field generated by the partial discharge signal, so that the hot atoms generate energy level response change under the action of the electromagnetic field; the detection light path module is used for detecting a change signal of light signal intensity in the atomic gas chamber and converting the change signal into an electromagnetic response characteristic of an electromagnetic field; the signal acquisition and processing module is used for receiving the electromagnetic response characteristics, demodulating and analyzing the electromagnetic response characteristics and extracting characteristic parameters of the partial discharge signals; and the control and calibration module is used for receiving the characteristic parameters of the partial discharge signal, performing calibration based on an energy level frequency shift rule of Rydberg atoms, and outputting electric field intensity subjected to quantization calibration. The system can realize high-sensitivity, anti-interference and traceable detection of weak partial discharge signals.

Quantum reservoir computation is provided. A first feature vector is determined from input data. A plurality of qubits is configured in an initial configuration according to the first feature vector, wherein a detuning, Rabi frequency, phase, and / or position of each of the plurality of qubits is determined by a respective one of the values of the first feature vector. The plurality of qubits is evolved for a first time. The plurality of qubits is measured to obtain first measurements after the first time. The plurality of qubits is returned to the initial configuration. The plurality of qubits is evolved for a second time. The plurality of qubits is measured to obtain second measurements after the second time. A second feature vector is determined from the first and second measurements. The second feature vector is provided to a decoder and a characteristic of the input data is obtained therefrom.

The invention provides an electric field measuring device for continuously tunable microwave frequency based on Rydberg atoms. The electric field measuring device comprises a reflecting mirror, an atom steam pool, a first electrode plate, a second electrode plate, a dichroscope, a photoelectric detector and a data receiving module, the detection laser passing through the reflector and the coupling laser passing through the dichroscope oppositely hit into the atom steam pool to coincide, and a transmitted optical signal enters the photoelectric detector after hit into the atom steam pool; the photoelectric detector is electrically connected with the data receiving module; the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are externally arranged above and below the atomic steam pool respectively; the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are used for applying an alternating current electric field acting on the atomic steam pool, and different AC Stark frequency shifts are generated by controlling the electric field intensity of the alternating current electric field, so that high-sensitivity measurement of the continuous tunable microwave frequency electric field is realized. According to the invention, high-sensitivity measurement of the continuous tunable microwave frequency electric field can be realized, and the accuracy of a measurement result is ensured.

The invention provides an atmospheric electric field measurement method and device, and relates to the technical field of electric field measurement. The measurement method of the atmospheric electric field comprises the following steps: controlling laser to pass through an atomic gas chamber to prepare Rydberg atoms; applying the atmospheric electric field to the atomic gas cell to form a first electric field, where the first electric field acts on the Rydberg atoms; applying an external voltage to the atomic gas chamber to form a second electric field, the second electric field acting on the Rydberg atoms; and detecting a photoelectric signal of the laser, and adjusting the external voltage according to the photoelectric signal so as to determine the atmospheric electric field intensity. According to the measurement method of the atmospheric electric field, the intensity of the atmospheric electric field is measured in real time by using an automatically-controlled closed loop.

The invention provides a Rydberg atomic electromagnetic signal detection device based on correlated photon coincidence measurement, and the device comprises a correlated photon source assembly which is used for enabling single-polarization and frequency-stable laser to generate polarization orthogonal correlated photon pairs; the Rydberg atom preparation system is in communication connection with the associated photon source assembly, and associated photon pairs emitted by the associated photon source assembly enter the Rydberg atom preparation system; the correlation detection assembly is in communication connection with the Rydberg atom preparation system and is used for counting transmission photons of the EIT-AT split transmission spectrum signals, and when the difference value between the reference photon arrival time and the transmission photon arrival time is within a preset range, the EIT-AT split transmission spectrum signals are regarded as coincidence events and coincidence counts are recorded. According to the invention, the problem of low sensitivity caused by the defects of optical readout noise, weak off-resonance field response, sensitive temperature drift vibration environment and the like in the prior art is solved.

A system for automatically locking a control laser in a Rydberg atomic sensor may comprise an atomic vapor cell, a probe laser configured to excite the atoms in the atomic vapor cell to an intermediate energy state, and a control laser configured to excite the one or more atoms in the atomic vapor cell from the intermediate energy state to a higher energy state. The light generated by the control laser may be dithered at a pre-determined frequency. The system further comprises a photodiode configured to convert light received from the vapor cell into an electrical signal, a lock-in amplifier configured to generate an error signal based on the electrical signal received from the photo diode and a received reference oscillation frequency, and a servo configured to receive the generated error signal from the lock-in amplifier and adjust a frequency of the control laser based on the received error signal.

This invention discloses a weak micro-Doppler detection system for Rydberg atoms using isotropic idler light, belonging to the field of electromagnetic measurement technology. It includes a light pair generation module for acquiring initial light source parameters, injecting pump light and coupling light to generate quantum correlated light pairs; an information loading module for emitting probe light to generate modulated coupling light; a coherent detection module for demodulating the modulated coupling light and isotropic idler light to generate a difference-frequency electrical signal; a parameter tuning module for extracting signal quality indicators and light source quality indicators, tuning the current light source parameters, and generating updated light source parameters; and a spectrum analysis module for analyzing the difference-frequency electrical signal to obtain micro-Doppler characteristics. This invention employs a combined technical solution of quantum correlated light pair generation, Rydberg atom information loading, coherent detection, and closed-loop tuning, which can generate a difference-frequency electrical signal with a high signal-to-noise ratio, and achieve high-sensitivity measurement of the micro-Doppler characteristics of weak targets through spectrum analysis.

This invention discloses a noise reduction method for electromagnetic measurements of Rydberg atoms. This method constructs a 509nm coupled optical closed-loop circulation system comprising a polarization beam splitter, a half-wave plate, and a high-reflection mirror. This enables multiple reciprocating propagations of the laser within the atomic gas chamber. Utilizing the optical path circulation mechanism, the coupling strength between light and atoms is significantly improved without increasing the laser source power, thus greatly enhancing the excitation efficiency of Rydberg states. Simultaneously, this structure allows the intermediate frequency carrier signal to linearly and coherently superimpose with the number of cycles, while the laser background noise accumulates incoherently only according to a square root law, thereby significantly improving the measurement signal-to-noise ratio. This invention solves the problems of low excitation efficiency and difficulty in eliminating laser background noise in existing single-path optical systems, providing a new solution with high excitation efficiency and high signal-to-noise ratio for high-sensitivity microwave electric field measurements.

The present application relates to the technical field of quantum precision measurement, in particular to a Roland C signal receiving method and system based on Rydberg atoms, which utilizes atomic antennas to prepare Rydberg atoms in an alkali metal atom gas chamber to obtain an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) spectrum; a Roland C signal reaches the alkali metal atom gas chamber through free space, and the EIT spectrum produces an oscillation peak by utilizing the Stark effect of the Rydberg atoms; the coupling laser frequency is locked to the maximum position of the oscillation peak amplitude; by applying a direct current bias voltage to the parallel electrodes built in the alkali metal atom gas chamber, on the one hand, the received Roland C signal is corrected, and on the other hand, the alternating current Stark effect is amplified, so that the receiving sensitivity of the Roland C signal is significantly improved.

The invention discloses a split-band synthetic electromagnetic wave coupling device based on Rydberg atoms. The split-band synthetic electromagnetic wave coupling device comprises an energy collecting and processing case, a millimeter wave local oscillator source, a coaxial switch matrix, a surface plasma transmission line, a microwave local oscillator source, a laser generator and a photoelectric detector. The energy collecting and processing case comprises a plurality of frequency band antennas, a waveguide magic T, a waveguide adapter, a waveguide probe and a parabolic mirror, the frequency band antennas are connected with the corresponding coaxial switch matrix and the waveguide magic T after receiving incoming wave signals, and the coaxial switch matrix is connected to a plasma transmission line channel of the surface plasma transmission line; and the waveguide magic T is connected to the waveguide adapter, and is irradiated to the atomic gas chamber above the plasma transmission line channel through the waveguide probe and the parabolic reflector. And the laser generator irradiates the atomic gas chamber and then outputs to the photoelectric detector for detection. According to the invention, the problem of integration of a plurality of coupling channels is effectively solved, and meanwhile, efficient coupling of local oscillator signals, received incoming wave signals and the atomic gas chamber is met.

The invention relates to the technical field of quantum precision measurement and automatic control, and discloses a Rydberg atom AT split signal-based closed-loop locking detection method and a Rydberg atom AT split signal-based closed-loop locking detection system. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring an EIT signal under the condition of no microwave field, and locking the frequency of coupled laser at a preset reference point to establish a frequency reference; the coupled laser and the detection laser are combined and then collinearly penetrate through the gas chamber; when the to-be-measured microwave field is applied to the gas chamber to generate AT splitting, the laser frequency shifter controls the frequency of the coupled laser to be switched between preset target frequency points; a lock-in amplifier is used for carrying out phase-sensitive detection on a detection laser light path transmission intensity signal, an error voltage signal is generated based on an AT split signal, and error voltage zero crossing points corresponding to two AT split peaks are locked through a servo controller; and calculating the to-be-measured microwave electric field intensity according to the locking point feedback control quantity difference. According to the invention, the measurement precision is improved, the anti-interference capability is enhanced, the working stability is improved, and rapid and stable detection of the microwave electric field is realized.

The invention discloses a microwave electric field detection method based on three-light-excited Rydberg atom eight-wave mixing, and the method comprises the steps: building a microwave electric field detection device based on three-light-excited Rydberg atom eight-wave mixing, enabling a transmission path of decoration light Kd and a transmission path of coupling light Kc to reversely coincide with a transmission path of detection light KP in an atomic gas chamber, and enabling the transmission path of the coupling light Kc to be a transmission path of the detection light KP; a local oscillation microwave electric field KL is emitted to the atomic gas chamber from one side of the atomic gas chamber through the horn antenna; the horn antenna passively receives a signal microwave electric field KS in a free space and loads the signal microwave electric field KS to the atomic gas chamber; by observing the beat frequency electric signal output by the photoelectric detector, it is confirmed that the horn antenna receives the signal microwave electric field KS. Through a three-light excitation Rydberg atom scheme and an eight-wave mixing technology, the frequency resolution and sensitivity of electric field detection are remarkably improved, and a brand new technical path is provided for high-precision microwave electric field detection.

The application provides a quantum sensor based on Rydberg atoms, which comprises a probe light assembly, a coupling light assembly, an atomic gas chamber, a photodetector, a to-be-measured signal assembly, a local oscillator signal assembly and a metasurface structure, and the probe light and the coupling light are reverse collinear; the metasurface structure is arranged on the side wall of the atomic gas chamber, and the to-be-measured electromagnetic wave signal and the local oscillator electromagnetic wave signal are transmitted to the atomic gas chamber through the metasurface structure; the photodetector converts the probe light into an electric signal, and the frequency spectrum data of the electric signal is acquired through a frequency spectrometer. The application realizes the frequency measurement function of the to-be-measured electromagnetic wave signal, and through the high transmission effect of the metasurface structure, the standing wave effect of the electromagnetic wave signal in the atomic gas chamber is weakened, and the electromagnetic wave radiated into the atomic gas chamber has higher transmission efficiency and utilization.

This invention relates to the field of microwave detection technology, specifically to a broadband microwave rapid detection method based on atomic level electric field tuning, which mainly solves the problem of detection limitations in traditional Rydberg atom-based microwave information detection. The broadband microwave rapid detection method based on atomic level electric field tuning includes the following steps: 1) First, a probe light and a coupling light are applied sequentially to a Rydberg atom gas cell, and then the microwave to be measured is applied to the Rydberg atom gas cell; 2) A spatial gradient radio frequency electric field is applied within the Rydberg atom gas cell; 3) The spot of the probe light is projected into an optical camera to form an image set, the pixel signals within the image set are merged, and the splitting response of the EIT-AT spectrum is observed. The electric field strength and frequency of the microwave to be measured are calculated. This invention's detection method achieves the requirement for rapid detection of random microwave signals over a wide frequency range.

This invention relates to the field of microwave remote sensing precision calibration technology, and particularly to a traceable microwave radiation calibration device and method based on the quantum coherence effect of Rydberg atoms with a wave-shaped structure. The device includes: a microwave standard radiation system, a dynamic ring track, a Rydberg atom electric field measurement system, a radiometer receiving antenna, a data acquisition and control system, and a data processing system. The device uses the dynamic ring track to move the microwave transmitting antenna, causing microwave electromagnetic signals to alternately irradiate the Rydberg atom electric field measurement system and the radiometer receiving antenna. The interaction between the microwave electric field and specific Rydberg energy levels induces the Euler-Townes effect, causing energy level splitting and resulting in peak position evolution in the electromagnetically induced transparency spectrum of the atomic laser system. The data processing system calculates the electric field intensity and converts it into the corresponding brightness temperature, thereby calibrating the radiometer receiving antenna.

The application discloses a kind of circulating light path atomic cell structures based on optical super surface, including atomic cell, atomic cell includes cell wall and chamber, chamber is vacuum environment, and chamber is filled with alkali metal atom vapor;The first optical super surface structure and the second optical super surface structure with the same structure are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the chamber;Atomic cell is provided with probe light input interface and coupled light input interface respectively on two sides;The inside of cell wall is provided with probe light path;Probe light input interface is coaxially arranged with chamber;The application provides an integrated atomic cell structure, reduces the number of optical devices of electric field measurement system, reduces the influence of environmental factors on measurement, improves the portability and practicality of the measurement based on Rydberg atom electric field.The application does not depend on optical platform and does not contain metal element, and the measured electric field will not be distorted, which can be directly used as an electric field measurement probe in the measured electric field.

The present invention relates to a method and device for measuring the polarization direction of a microwave electric field based on Rydberg atoms. The method includes: generating two sets of orthogonally polarized lasers, where the probe light and coupling light with the same polarization direction are correspondingly combined and transmitted through two sets of optical fibers respectively to excite the atoms in the alkali metal atomic cell from the ground state to the Rydberg state; based on the interaction between the probe light, coupling light and alkali metal atoms, forming the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect of a three-level system to obtain an EIT signal. Among them, a specified microwave frequency is selected, and the microwave electric field generated by a microwave source is applied to the alkali metal atomic cell to cause the EIT signal to split and obtain an EIT-AT splitting signal; observing the two sets of EIT-AT splitting signals through an oscilloscope, and determining the angular range between the polarization direction of the microwave electric field and the polarization direction of the laser according to the left and right peak value ratios of the splitting peaks of the two sets of splitting signals. The technical solution provided by the present invention can improve the accuracy of microwave electric field measurement.