Bi-color magneto-optical trap method and device for cooling and capturing atoms through lasers

Abstract

The invention relates to atom laser cooling and atom laser capturing, in particular to a bi-color magneto-optical trap method and device for cooling and capturing atoms through lasers. According to the bi-color magneto-optical trap method and device, atom cooling and atom capturing are achieved through the bi-color lasers which work in a base-state, middle-excited-state and higher-excited-state cascading energy level, and atom pre-cooling is not needed. A step-type bi-color magneto-optical trap technology is adopted for the bi-color magneto-optical trap device, and the atoms can be directly cooled and captured from a vacuum air chamber. The step-type bi-color magneto-optical trap device can be used for cooling and capturing the alkali metal atoms, the alkaline earth metal atoms and even the rydberg atoms through the lasers; some quantum coherent effects can be directly researched in the cold atoms based on step-type bi-color dual-photon cooling, for example, the problem that correlation photon pairs are directly generated in bi-color magneto-optical traps is researched based on the rhombus-energy-level four-wave mixing effect; as for the experimental device, a bi-color magneto-optical trap experiment idea which is quite flexible and easy to achieve is initiated, and the experimental device can be conveniently applied and popularized.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to the laser cooling and trapping of atoms, in particular to the realization of cooling and trapping of atoms by using a two-color laser working in the ground state-intermediate excited state-higher excited state cascading energy level, without the need for atom pre-cooling, specifically a A two-color magneto-optical trap method and device for laser cooling and trapping atoms. Background technique [0002] Laser cooling and trapping atoms greatly enhances people's ability to control atoms. Cold atom samples have become a basic experimental platform, providing an extremely low temperature "environment", and have played an extremely important role in many research fields, such as from precise measurement, cold atom optical clocks to Bose Einstein Condensation, atomic interferometer and quantum information processing, etc. Magneto-optical trap technology has become one of the standard tools for cooling and trapping atoms. T...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] In order to solve the problem of the existing two-color magneto-optical trap technology [Phys.Rev.Lett.103, 173003 (2009)] capturing cold atoms with two different wavelengths of cooling light (assumed in some applications based on cold atoms to study quantum coherence, The two cooling lights are also used as two coherent lasers at the same time to achieve the purpose of simplifying the experimental device) because they are perpendicular to each other, the overlapping area in the cold atom is small, and the optical thickness of the cold atom medium cannot be fully utilized, thus affecting the existing two-color magnetic The problem of practical application of optical traps, as well as the relatively strict requirements on some experimental parameters of existing two-color magneto-optical traps, such as only when the upper level cooling light is strong enough, the existing two-color magneto-optical traps can harmonically trapped atoms

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