126results about How to "Easy to miniaturize" patented technology

The invention relates to the micro-energy field, in particular to a vibratory drive composite micro-power source based on the piezoelectric effect and the electromagnetic induction. The micro-power source adapts the requirement of the micro electro mechanical system development for the micro-energy and comprises a substrate, a peripheral base, cantilevers and a mass block, wherein the substrate is fixed with the lower surface of the peripheral base by bonding; a vertical through hole is arranged in the middle of the mass block; an induction coil is processed on the upper surface and/or the lower surface of the mass block; a micro permanent columnar magnet is fixed on the upper surface of the substrate; PZT piezoelectric thin films are arranged on the cantilevers; a plurality of external lead bonding pads are arranged on the peripheral base; and the two ends of the induction coils and the two polarized surfaces of the PZT piezoelectric thin films are respectively connected with the corresponding external lead bonding pads by leads. The power source has reasonable and concise structure, is liable to miniaturization and integration, and can provide power to the micro electro mechanical systems at high output energy density and high output efficiency, realize self power supply of the micro electro mechanical systems and meet the requirement of the micro electro mechanical system development for the micro-energy.

The invention discloses an MEMS pressure sensor chip based on an SOI technology and a manufacturing method of the MEMS pressure sensor chip. The MEMS pressure sensor chip is suitable for absolute pressure measurement and comprises a monocrystalline silicon substrate. A flat elastic membrane is arranged on a groove of the monocrystalline silicon substrate. The edge of the elastic membrane is provided with corrosion holes. The elastic membrane and the groove of the silicon substrate form an airtight cavity. Four monocrystalline silicon strain resistors are arranged on the elastic membrane. All the monocrystalline silicon strain resistors are isolated from one another through insulating media, and the monocrystalline silicon strain resistors are also isolated from the elastic membrane through insulating media. The four strain resistors are connected through metal wires to form a Wheatstone bridge so as to convert pressure into a voltage and output the voltage. The MEMS pressure sensor chip has the advantages of being small in size, good in repeatability and hysteresis, high in sensitivity, wide in operating temperature range, and the like; besides, the manufacturing technique is compatible with the integrated circuit technique.

An optical system of satellite-borne differential absorption spectrometer comprises a relay optical system and an Offner imaging spectrometer system. The relay optical system is composed of a relay reflector, relay lenses and a color separation filter. The Offner imaging spectrometer system is composed of an incident slit, a convex grating, and a concave reflector. The relay optical system uses the color separation filter to split a detection waveband to form four channels, which are focused by four groups of relay lenses to the incident slit of the spectrometer. Light at each waveband entersthe spectrometer from the incident slit of the spectrometer, is split by the convex grating, and has the light path turned and focused on a detector. The invention utilizes a relay reflector to turn the light path, and utilizes the color separation filter to split the detection waveband into four channels, to therefore improve the detection resolution of the system, ensure measurement accuracy and realize compact volume of the whole optical system. The Offner imaging spectrometer has excellent imaging spectrum performance and reduced distortion. The invention facilitates miniaturization and weight reduction of the whole system, and is suitable for space technology.

The invention discloses a preparation method of molecular colloidal photonic crystal beads. The molecular colloidal photonic crystal beads prepared through the method have the characteristics of adjustable particle size, controllable morphology, superior monodispersity and the like. The method comprises a step of constructing a three-phase micro-fluidic channel, a step of preparing a double-faced liquid drop template, a step of preparing solid-liquid coexistence Janus particles, and a step of preparing the molecular colloidal photonic crystal beads.

This method and device are used for the underwater cabins, e.g. dived sightseeing submarine to comm. and wreck alarm (CWA) with the commending ship or the dock control station. This underwater audio CWA device possesses simple circuit, compact structure, reliability, and efficiency. It saves energy, costs low and is easy to miniaturize. It adopts sideband CWA mode, co-uses the receiving modulating and emitting demodulating circuits. It not only builds an underwater audio comm. channel, but also offers a wreck alarm channel. The audio alarm signal offers position info for the searching and succoring ships. This system is also equipped with a recorder with a waterproof and stress-durable shell. This recorder records and stores all CWA audio info of whole process to offer an original info for the happened wreck analyzing. These meet the requirement of the effective safety measure submitted by the modern ship verification and raises the safety of the underwater tasks.

The present invention relates to a pulse detonation rotor shaft engine. In the technical proposal, the pulse detonation rotor shaft engine mainly consists of a pulse detonation engine, a rotor and an output shaft; propulsive gas with the high temperature and high pressure expansion of pulse which is ejected when the pulse detonation engine works is used as a power source to push the rotor to rotate; the rotor drives the output shaft to rotate; a pulse detonation rotor shaft engine uses the output shaft to output most energy produced by the pulse detonation engine by outputting torsion continuously; the output shaft drives various kinds of loads to work. The pulse detonation rotor shaft engine has the beneficial effects as follows: firstly, the pulse detonation rotor shaft engine can be used as a shaft engine to be widely applied in various kinds of dynamic systems, such as ship, submarine, tank, tractor, automobile, train, and the like and has wide purposes; secondly, the pulse detonation rotor shaft engine overcomes the disadvantage of the large noise of the prior pulse detonation engine; thirdly, compared with a piston type engine, the pulse detonation rotor shaft engine has the obvious advantages of simple structure, low cost, high reliability, long service life, light weight, less fraction resistance loss, etc.

The invention discloses an optoacoustic/ultrasonic dual mode endoscope based on piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer arrays. The optoacoustic/ultrasonic dual mode endoscope includes a piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer (PMUT) array probe (2), a PMUT array element (1), an integrated circuit (3), a plane lens (4), a condenser lens (6), an optical fiber coupling collimator (7), a single-mode fiber (8), an optical fiber FC/APC connector (9), an optical fiber (10), a signal line (11) and an housing (12). The optoacoustic/ultrasonic dual mode endoscope is characterized in that, the piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers are adopted, the transducers and the integrated circuit are good in compatibility during manufacturing process, and the transducers are easy to form an array; transducer arrays are adopted, the endoscope does not need to rotate, the imaging speed is raised, real time imaging is achieved; and the multiple transducer arrays can effectively raise the signal to noise ratio of a signal, deep imaging through focusing and scanning is achieved. The optoacousitc/ultrasonic dual mode endoscope can be widely applied to fields of medical endoscopes and industrial flaw detection, and particularly has great application value in in-vivo scar tissue identification, assessment of damage of ablation of tissue, atherosclerotic degree assessment and the like.

The invention discloses a single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter. The single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter comprises an ultrasonic vibration energy converter and an oval vibration mode converter, wherein the ultrasonic vibration energy converter comprises bolts and a rear cover plate, a piezoelectric ceramic piece, an electrode slice and a front cover plate all of which are arranged on the bolt in a sleeved manner and in order, wherein the rear cover plate and the front cover plate connect and tightly compress the rear cover plate, the piezoelectric ceramic piece, the electrode sheet and the front cover plate through the bolts; the oval vibration mode converter is arranged in the front end of the front cover plate and is of an oblique wedged structure; the oval vibration mode converter can convert lengthways ultrasonic vibration generated by the ultrasonic vibration energy converter to lengthways bent composite ultrasonic oval vibration at the terminal end of the oval vibration mode converter. By the adoption of a sandwich type structure, the single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter has the advantages of a big power capacity, a simple structure, great rigidity of partial structure of the oval vibration mode converter, high energy conversion efficiency, steady work performances and the like.

The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a high-power white light LED, comprising the following steps: electroplating silver or aluminum on a ceramic substrate 1 to cover a solid crystal region and print a circuit; b, injecting the silver to a pore path of the ceramic substrate 1 to connect a radiation heat sink 2; c, fixing a wafer 3 by using a silver glue and welding a connection circuit by using a gold wire 4; d, placing a porous metal template 5 on the ceramic substrate 1; e, injecting silica gel fluorescent powder into each pore path 51 of the metal template 5 and covering the wafer 3 and the gold wire 4; f, baking the silica gel; g, taking the metal template 5 out to form a plurality of fluorescent silica gel layers 6; h, covering the other metal template on the fluorescent silica gel layers 6 and injecting the silica gel into a hemisphere concave cavity of the metal template; and i, baking the silica gel to form a silica gel lens 7 and cutting the silica gel lens after demoulding. The method solves the problem of bad consistency and yellow ring of the high-power white light LED and realizes evenness of the coating of the fluorescent powder without needing a special customized wafer.

The invention relates to a radio frequency electric field correcting method and device based on a Rydberg atom quantum coherence effect, and aims to solve the technical problem that an existing electric field measuring method has large errors. According to the adopted technical scheme, a glass cesium bubble provided with a pair of parallel electrode plates is used as a cesium atom sample cell, cesium atoms form electromagnetically induced transparency under the action of probe light sent by two laser light sources and coupling light, the electromagnetically induced transparency has Stark frequency shift and split under the action of a radio frequency electric field and generates dipole sidebands at the Rydberg energy level modulated by the radio frequency electric field, multiple energy level cross points are formed in the Stark spectrum, each cross point serves as a datum point for correcting the electric field, each datum point corresponds to an accurate electric field value, and then the determined electric value is used for correcting the radio frequency electric field. The device is composed of a cesium atom sample cell, two laser light sources, a radio frequency source, a high-reflectivity reflector, a dichroic mirror and a photoelectric detector.

The invention discloses a terahertz radiation source based on a special Smith-Purcell effect. The terahertz radiation source comprises an electronic gun (1), metal rectangular gratings (3), a collector (4), a metal flat reflector (6) and an output port (8), wherein the electronic gun (1) is opposite to the collector (4), the metal rectangular gratings (3) are arranged between the electronic gun (1) and the collector (4), the metal flat reflector (6) is disposed above the metal rectangular gratings (3), and the output port (8) is arranged at the metal flat reflector (6). According to the invention, the oscillation-starting current density of an electron beam can be substantially reduced, through adjusting the distance from the reflector to the gratings, the terahertz radiation source can work at a lowest mold or a secondary mode in a controllable way, the structure is simple, required work voltages are low, huge external additional equipment is unnecessary, and miniaturization and integration are quite easily realized.

The invention discloses a MEMS optical spectrum gas sensor, which utilizes optical spectrum to realize qualitative and quantitative analysis of object gas. The sensor obtains the concentration of object gas via the adsorbed amount of infrared light emitted by the discharge of the target gas in the object, while the adsorbed amount is determined by the light intensity difference between the infrared light of a reference chamber and a measurement chamber. The sensor is mainly composed of a radio frequency luminous tube, a target gas characteristic adsorption reference chamber (a main reference chamber), a target gas characteristic adsorption measurement chamber (a main measurement chamber), a non-characteristic adsorption measurement (an auxiliary measurement chamber) and a non-characteristic adsorption reference chamber (an auxiliary reference chamber). The main reference chamber and the main measurement chamber are used for detecting the concentration of target gas. The auxiliary reference chamber and the auxiliary measurement chamber are used for determining if the infrared adsorption in the main measurement chamber is caused by interference gas. The invention can resolve the defects of prior sensors such as low selectivity, low interference resistance and short service life, having low cost and wide application.

The invention relates to a device and method for measuring the polarization direction of a radio frequency electric field. The objective of the invention lies in solving a technical problem that a conventional radio frequency electric field polarization direction measurement device and method have a big measurement error. The technical scheme of the invention is that the device comprises a sample pool, a first laser light source, a second laser light source, a high-reflectivity reflector, a dichroic mirror, a photoelectric detector, a first half-wave plate, a first polarization splitting prism, a second half-wave plate and a second polarization splitting prism; the method achieves the measurement of the polarization direction of the radio frequency electric field through the induction of the radio-frequency decoration Rydberg atom electromagnetic induced transparency effect spectrum lines to the polarization direction of the electric field. The method carries out the measurement based on atom parameters, irons out the defect that a conventional electric field polarization direction measurement method is big in error, is very simple in implementation, and facilitates the implementation of miniaturization.

The invention discloses a continuous wave optical parametric oscillator with pumping resonance. The continuous wave optical parametric oscillator with the pumping resonance comprises a single frequency pump laser, a beam collimating unit, a first optical isolator, a pump input coupling mirror, a first concave mirror, a nonlinear crystal, a second concave mirror, a dichroic mirror, an optical band pass wave filter and an OPO signal light output coupling mirror. According to the continuous wave optical parametric oscillator, the non-linear crystal is directly placed between the two concave mirrors, and a smaller signal and a spot area of the pump light can be obtained by selecting the concave mirror with short focal length; the cavity length of the signal cavity and the pumping cavity is increased with a folded resonator. Therefore, the spot area of the signal and pump light in the non-linear crystal can be further reduced, and the extremely low oscillation threshold is realized, wherein the oscillation threshold value can be less than 60 MW, or even less than 30 MW. The continuous wave optical parametric oscillator with a low threshold value has the advantages of reducing the power requirement of the pump laser, being relatively simple in structure, and easy to realize miniaturization and practicability.

The invention relates to a funnel-shaped valve piezoelectric pump and a working method thereof, and belongs to the field of fluid machinery. A pump body (1) is provided with an inverted conical or round table-shaped pump cavity, a central passage and a lateral passage; a valve body consists of a valve core and a central conduit connected with the valve core; the valve core is also provided with anopen valve core inner cavity, and the valve core and the central conduit are combined to integrally form into a funnel shape; the edge of the valve core and the inner wall of the pump cavity form anedge valve port; and the pump cavity is divided into a cavity A and a cavity B by the valve core, wherein the inner wall of the pump cavity and the side wall of the valve core form the cavity A, and the inner wall of the valve core, the inner wall of the pump cavity, a pump cover and a piezoelectric vibrator surround into the cavity B. The edge of a funnel-shaped valve contacts the approximate points on the conical surface of a funnel-shaped cavity, the piezoelectric vibrator vibrates to lead the volume of the pump cavity B to periodically change, and a fluid only can flow into the pump cavityB from the pump cavity A through the boundary of the funnel-shaped valve and can not reversely flow, thereby performing the function of the valve, and achieving the purpose of miniaturization, simplification and convenient installation of the piezoelectric pump.

The invention discloses a single-incentive rotating ultrasonic motor. A rotor comprises a rotating disc and a friction layer arranged on the surface of the rotating disc. A stator comprises an ultrasonic vibration transducer, an elliptic vibration mode converter and a friction driving block arranged at the front end of the elliptic vibration mode converter, wherein the elliptic vibration mode converter is arranged at the front end of the ultrasonic vibration transducer and is of an inclined wedge-shaped structure, the elliptic vibration mode converter can convert longitudinal ultrasonic vibration generated by the ultrasonic vibration transducer into longitudinal and bent composite ultrasonic elliptic vibration at the tail end of the elliptic vibration mode converter and on the friction driving block, and the rotor is driven to continuously rotate.

The invention discloses a single-incentive linear ultrasonic motor. A rotor comprises a sliding strip and a friction layer arranged on the surface of the sliding strip. A stator comprises an ultrasonic vibration transducer, an elliptic vibration mode converter and a friction driving block arranged at the front end of the elliptic vibration mode converter. The ultrasonic vibration transducer comprises a bolt, a rear cover plate, a piezoelectric ceramic piece, an electrode plate and a front cover plate, wherein the bolt is sequentially sleeved with the rear cover plate, the piezoelectric ceramic piece, the electrode plate and the front cover plate, and the rear cover plate and the front cover plate enable the rear cover plate, the piezoelectric ceramic piece, the electrode plate and the front cover plate to be connected and pressed with one another through the bolt. The elliptic vibration mode converter is arranged at the front end of the ultrasonic vibration transducer and is of an inclined wedge-shaped structure, the elliptic vibration mode converter can convert longitudinal ultrasonic vibration generated by the ultrasonic vibration transducer into longitudinal and bent composite ultrasonic elliptic vibration at the tail end of the elliptic vibration mode converter and on the friction driving block, and the rotor is driven to continuously and linearly rotate.

The invention relates to a piezoelectric power generation device using the pulse vibration of vehicle tail gas to generate power and a power generating method and belongs to the technical field of piezoelectric power generation. The piezoelectric power generation device comprises a silencer in a vehicle exhaust system; the silencer in the vehicle exhaust system is provided with a gas inlet pipe and an exhaust pipe; the piezoelectric power generation device is characterized in that the silencer in the vehicle exhaust system is divided into two resonance cavity chambers; a plurality of groups of resonant cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrators are arranged in each resonance cavity chamber; two electrodes of the resonant cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrators are lead out by leads. The piezoelectric power generation device using pulse vibration of the vehicle tail gas to generate power and the power generating method have the advantages of simple structure, no heating, no electromagnetic interference, no pollution, easiness for realizing the miniaturization of the mechanism, integration and the like.

This invention discloses one semi-conductor laser absorptive spectrum gas analysis method, which comprises the following steps: a, determining semi-conductor laser work temperature range and current range; b, dividing out at least two work temperature areas and at least one without absorptive area to make any one work temperature relating to at least one absorptive spectrum; c, testing the semi-conductor laser work temperature for T and accordingly determining test gas spectrum; d, according to semiconductor laser work temperature and central frequency and determining and adjusting work current; e, semiconductor laser sends light through tested gas for analysis of spectrum to get gas detector parameters for display.

The invention relates to an optical oxygen sensor, which comprises an optical oxygen sensor probe. The optical oxygen sensor probe consists of an excitation light source, a photoelectric conversion device and an oxygen fluorescent sensitive membrane, wherein the excitation light source and the photoelectric conversion device are arranged in a sleeve; the sleeve has a structure that the upper end is provided with an opening; the opening end of the sleeve is embedded with a carrier which is made of a semi-permeable membrane or a porous material; and the oxygen fluorescent sensitive membrane is coated on the lower surface of the carrier. The optical oxygen sensor can effectively reduce the energy loss of optical transmission; has the characteristics of high fluorescence excitation efficiency, high efficiency of light energy utilization, high fluorescence receiving efficiency and high detection efficiency, and can carry out real-time on-line continuous detection on the oxygen content of the gas.

The invention discloses a manufacture method for lighting LED chip. A LED chip of vertical via structure is manufactured by common methods; epitaxial layers of the chip comprise the first-type confinement layer, an activated layer and the second-type confinement layer; a transparent layer is grown on the first-type confinement layer, surface of the transparent layer etched, and prismatic micro-lens array developed; the prismatic micro-lens array layer and the epitaxial layer are etched around the epitaxial layer until the upper surface of the reflection/ohm/bonding layer exposed, and a groove formed at the outer circle; the fluorescent powders layers are formed on the surface of the prismatic micro-lens array and inside the groove. The epitaxial layer is cut into chips and packed; when packing LED by the chips, no fluorescent powders coating is needed; white light can be emitted directly and the packing process greatly simplified; exit surface is changed from planar to spherical surface, which greatly reduces total reflection and improves the light extracting rate of LED; the invention can be easily integrated and miniaturized.

A termination connection is configured by being provided with: a low-temperature container filled with a refrigerant; a current lead for a conductor, one end of the current lead being immersed in the refrigerant while the other end is pulled out to a normal temperature section; and a movable connection terminal for a conductor, the movable connection terminal electrically connecting the current lead for a conductor with the superconductive conductor layer of a superconductive cable. The superconductive conductor layer of a superconductive cable, of which the ends are stripped, is connected to the current lead for a conductor via the movable connection terminal for a conductor. The cable core of the superconductive cable can move in the lengthwise direction and rotate in the circumferential direction while keeping the superconductive conductor layer electrically connected to the current lead for a conductor. Moreover, the cable core is horizontally supported within the low-temperature container. As a consequence of the aforementioned configuration, the thermal expansion of the cable core under a heat cycle is absorbed, thereby being able to provide a simplified termination connection of which the size is reduced.

This invention discloses one semi-conductor laser absorptive spectrum gas analysis method, which comprises the following steps: a, determining semi-conductor laser work current range; b, dividing the range into at least two work temperature area to make responding to at least one absorptive spectrum line; c, testing semi-conductor laser work temperature range; d, according to the work temperature and step c determining and adjusting semi-conductor laser work current; e, semi-conductor laser sends out light through tested gas to analysis the light signal to get tested gas parameters for display.

The invention provides a robojelly driven by axially parallel annular shape memory alloy, and relates to the bionic robojelly. The robojelly aims to solve the problems that an existing bionic robojelly is complex in structure, small in the motion range, and greatly different from the bionic push behavior of a real medusa. The robojelly comprises a power source module, a control module and a communication module and further comprises a flexible shell, a cylindrical abdominal cavity, a rotating body base, the control module, the communication module and a plurality of annular memory alloy drive components. Each annular shape memory alloy drive component is composed of a shape memory alloy wire and an open annular flexible pipe wrapping the shape memory alloy wire, and the annular memory alloy drive components are embedded in the circumferential side face of the flexible shall respectively. The cylindrical abdominal cavity is connected with the rotating body base in a detachable and sealed mode, and the power source module, the control module and the communication module are arranged in the cylindrical abdominal cavity. The robojelly driven by the axially parallel annular shape memory alloy is used for manufacturing bionic medusa machines.

The invention discloses a single-incentive linear ultrasonic motor, wherein a rotor comprises a sliding bar and a friction layer arranged on the surface of the sliding bar; and a stator comprises an ultrasonic-vibration energy converter, an elliptical-vibration mode converter and a friction driving block arranged at the front end of the elliptical-vibration mode converter. The ultrasonic-vibration energy converter comprises a bolt, a rear cover plate, a piezoelectric ceramic slice, an electrode slice and a front cover plate, wherein the rear cover plate, the piezoelectric ceramic slice, the electrode slice and the front cover plate are sleeved on the bolt sequentially; the front cover plate is in thread connection with the bolt; the elliptical-vibration mode converter is arranged at the front end of the front cover plate and is in the shape of a cylinder as a whole; and three rectangular notches in misplacement distribution are formed on the upper side and the lower side of the elliptical-vibration mode converter. Therefore, the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration generated by the ultrasonic-vibration energy converter can be converted into the elliptical vibration at the tail end of the elliptical-vibration mode converter as well as the elliptical vibration of the friction driving block; and the rotor is driven to perform continuous linear motion.

A printed wiring board comprises a wiring substrate provided with at least one conductor circuit, a solder resist layer provided on the surface of the wiring substrate, at least one conductor pad formed from a part of the conductor circuit exposed from an opening provided in the solder resist layer, and at least one solder bump for mounting electronic parts on the conductor pad. In the printed wiring board, since the at least one conductor pad is aligned at a pitch of 200 µm or less, and a ratio (W/D) of a diameter W of the solder bump to an opening diameter D of the opening formed in the solder resist layer is within a range of 1.05 to 1.7, connection reliability and insulation reliability can be easily improved.

A paster longitudinal vibration composite dual-feet piezoelectric supersonic motor vibrator relates to the technical field of piezoelectric supersonic motors and solves the problems of a complex machining tool and difficulty for realizing miniaturization of the existing sandwich longitudinal vibration dual-feet linear supersonic motor vibrator. The vibrator comprises a metal base body 1 and six piezoelectric ceramic pieces 2; in the metal base body 1, the front end and rear end of a horizontal beam 1-1 are respectively provided with a horizontal variable amplitude rod 1-1-1; a vertical variable amplitude rod 1-2-1 is arranged at each end of each vertical beam 1-2; the horizontal beam 1-1 and the two vertical beams 1-2 are arranged to a U shape; a driving foot 1-3 is arranged between each horizontal variable amplitude rod 1-1-1 and the adjacent vertical variable amplitude rod 1-2-1; a flange 1-4 is arranged at each inside surface of the horizontal beam 1-1 and the two vertical beams 1-2; a thin wall beam 1-5 is machined between horizontal beam 1-1 and the flange 1-4 and between the vertical beams 1-2 and the flanges 1-4; one piezoelectric ceramic piece 2 is fixedly connected to the front and rear surfaces of each of the horizontal beam 1-1 and the two vertical beams 1-2. The paster longitudinal vibration composite dual-feet piezoelectric supersonic motor vibrator is suitable for the field of manufacturing of the supersonic motor.

Provided is a small sized light linear generator system having a two-stroke free piston engine, comprising a cylinder having an induction chamber and a combustion chamber, a motor rack arranged at one end of the cylinder, an outer stator fixed inside the motor rack, an inner stator fixed inside the motor rack and having a gap with the outer stator, a rotor carrying out straight reciprocating motion along the gap formed by the outer stator and the inner stator, a magnet installed upon the rotor, a plurality of helical compressing springs arranged inside the motor rack, used for supporting the reciprocating motion of the rotor, and leading to the resonance motion of the rotor, a piston arranged inside the cylinder, connected with rotor for carrying out reciprocating motion, and compressing the fuel and air inside the combustion chamber, a snifter valve arranged upon the cylinder and used for providing fuel and air for the interior of the induction chamber, an induction flow path communicating the induction chamber and the combustion chamber, and an exhaust port arranged upon the cylinder. With the above technical scheme, the free piston linear generator is likely to operate under resonance state, thereby improving the generating efficiency and output power.

According to one embodiment, a solid state lighting device includes an irradiating section (10), an optical waveguide body (30), a reflecting section (50), and a first wavelength conversion layer (40). The irradiating section (10) emits laser light (70). The optical waveguide body (30) includes an incident surface into which the laser light is led (70), an inclined surface crossing an optical axis of the laser light (70), and an emission surface. The thickness between the inclined surface and the emission surface decreases as the inclined surface and the emission surface are further away from the incident surface. The reflecting section (50) is provided on the inclined surface. The first wavelength conversion layer (40) is provided on the inclined surface and configured to emit wavelength-converted light (73) having a wavelength larger than the wavelength of the laser light (70) and emit the laser light (70) as scattered light. Mixed light of the scattered light and the wavelength-converted light (73) is emitted to above the emission surface.