177results about "Transit-tube circuit elements" patented technology

The invention discloses a compact real-time frequency agility relativistic magnetron, and belongs to the technical field of high-power microwave sources. The device comprises an input structure, an end space structure, an anode cavity structure, a full-cavity extraction output structure, a cathode coaxially arranged in an anode and a vacuum tuning mechanism which are sequentially arranged in the axial direction, the vacuum tuning mechanism comprises a tuning sliding block, a tuning rod and a sealing assembly. According to the invention, the vacuum tuning mechanism is designed, and the tuning rod drives the tuning slide block to move, so that the axial lengths of the coupling slot and the fan-shaped waveguide cavity are adjusted, the resonant frequency of the resonant cavity is further changed, and finally, real-time frequency agility of the device in a high vacuum state is realized; in addition, by adopting a reentrant coupling cavity structure and a full-cavity extraction structure, the compactness of the device is realized.

The invention discloses a relativistic magnetron with an adjustable working mode, and belongs to the technical field of high-power microwaves. The relativistic magnetron comprises a cathode assembly, an anode assembly, an output structure assembly and a tuning assembly, the tuning assembly comprises a tunable short circuit surface, a tuning knob and a telescopic rod. On the basis of the inherent structure of the relativistic magnetron, the position of the short circuit surface in the relativistic magnetron is mechanically adjusted, so that the purpose of switching the working mode and the output signal mode in the resonant cavity is achieved, the problem that the working mode of a traditional relativistic magnetron is single is solved, and multi-frequency-point working of the relativistic magnetron is achieved.

The invention discloses a structure for inhibiting front cavity interaction in a frequency-adjustable high-power gyrotron, which is used for carrying out PIC analogue simulation on the basis of a frequency-adjustable gyrotron developed in a laboratory, and verifying the front cavity interaction by utilizing a gyrotron linear theory and a generalized scattering matrix theory according to a generation principle of the front cavity interaction. And on the basis, adjustment and simulation analysis are carried out on the cavity structure of the gyrotron, a feasible way for inhibiting the interaction of the front cavity is found out, and stable work of the gyrotron during frequency tuning is ensured. The structure is composed of the periodic loading dielectric waveguide from the rear end of the electron gun to the beam-wave interaction front end, the design is simple, the cost is low, and the problems that the overall efficiency of the gyrotron is reduced and the working stability of the gyrotron is damaged due to interaction of the front cavity of the non-interaction section in the existing gyrotron are solved.

The invention discloses a slow wave structure, a traveling wave tube and network equipment, and relates to the technical field of vacuum electronics. The slow-wave structure comprises a shell, a slow-wave transmission line, an input coupler and an output coupler, the shell comprises a first shell cover and a second shell cover which are connected in a stacked mode in the first direction, so that the slow-wave structure is of a stacked structure, the slow-wave transmission line is located on a first plane perpendicular to the first direction, and the input coupler and the output coupler are electrically connected with the slow-wave transmission line. At least one of the input coupler and the output coupler is not coplanar with the first plane, so that the at least one of the input coupler and the output coupler has good consistency with the stacking direction, the production and assembly of the input coupler and / or the output coupler are simplified, the integration level of the input coupler and the output coupler is improved, and the cost is reduced. And miniaturization of the slow wave structure is realized.

The invention relates to the technical field of small magnetron microwave cavities, and discloses a passive hydrogen atom frequency standard small magnetron microwave cavity. The passive hydrogen atom frequency standard small magnetron microwave cavity comprises a cavity cylinder and four pole pieces, a closed microwave resonant cavity is formed in the cavity cylinder, the two sides of the side face of the cavity cylinder are respectively provided with a coupling ring, the two coupling rings are respectively used for inputting and outputting microwave signals, the outer diameter of the cavity cylinder is 111mm, the inner diameter of the cavity cylinder is 105mm, and the height of the cavity cylinder is 188.5 mm; the pole pieces are of an arc-shaped structure, the four pole pieces are annularly arranged in the closed microwave resonant cavity at intervals, a connecting column is arranged on the face, away from the annular center of the multiple pole pieces, of each pole piece in a protruding mode, the connecting columns are connected to the side wall of the cavity cylinder, the inner diameter of a ring defined by the four pole pieces is 61.6 mm, the outer diameter of the ring defined by the four pole pieces is 67.4 mm, the height of the pole pieces is 145 mm, and the distance between every two adjacent pole pieces is 3.8 mm. The mass is light, the size is small, and meanwhile the magnetic field environment requirement of hydrogen atom transition of the passive hydrogen atom frequency standard is met.

A plasma processing apparatus includes a temperature regulator, which includes a plurality of fans and provides a flow path, wherein the flow path is axially or rotationally symmetrical with respect to a central axis and includes a first partial flow path and a second partial flow path, and wherein the first partial flow path extends along an upper surface of an excitation electrode, and the second partial flow path extends alternately in opposite directions between the plurality of fans and the first partial flow path.

The utility model relates to the technical field of vacuum electronics, in particular to a trapezoidal staggered gate slow-wave structure of a circular electron beam channel, which comprises a metal shell, trapezoidal upper metal gates and trapezoidal lower metal gates which are symmetrically arranged in a staggered manner are arranged in the metal shell, and the upper metal gates and the lower metal gates are respectively provided with arc-shaped concave holes; along the electron transmission direction, the concave holes respectively penetrate through the upper metal gate and the lower metal gate, and the upper and lower concave holes are enclosed to form a circular electron beam channel. Through the slow-wave structure, the bandwidth of the slow-wave structure can be increased, so that the longitudinal electric field in the slow-wave structure is enhanced.

A slow-wave structure, a traveling wave tube, an electronic device, and a communication system are provided. The slow-wave structure includes a folded waveguide structure, where the waveguide structure has a cycle in a longitudinal direction and an amplitude in a transverse direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and at least one of an amplitude of a first part of the waveguide structure and a cycle of the first part gradually changes in the longitudinal direction. Therefore, reflection of the slow-wave structure can be reduced, backward wave oscillation can be effectively suppressed, and a wider operating bandwidth can be obtained.

This disclosure provides a planar resonant cavity for a planar gyrotron and a method for increasing its output power, relating to the field of microwave technology. The planar resonant cavity includes: a resonant cavity for increasing the energy of electromagnetic waves; wherein the energy of the electromagnetic waves gradually increases based on the interaction between the electron beam and the electromagnetic wave; electron emitting surfaces, respectively disposed at the upper and lower ends of the cavity surface in the negative Z direction, for emitting electron beams; wherein the electron emitting surfaces at the upper and lower ends of the cavity surface are symmetrical based on both the central YZ plane and the central XZ plane of the resonant cavity; and baffles, including a left baffle and a right baffle, the left and right baffles having identical structures, respectively disposed in the X direction of the resonant cavity between the electron emitting surfaces and the two ends of the resonant cavity, for reflecting electromagnetic waves to enhance the interaction between the electron beam and the wave, increase the energy of the electromagnetic waves, and increase the output power of the electromagnetic waves.

A folding cascade design is adopted, a single-section amplification process of a traditional slow wave structure is decomposed into a plurality of continuously cascaded amplification stages, namely slow wave sub-structures, each stage is provided with an independent electron beam for driving, an output signal of a front stage is directly fed into a rear stage to serve as input, and the output signal of the rear stage is directly fed into the slow wave sub-structures. In this way, step-by-step transmission and amplification of signals are achieved, high-efficiency sectional signal amplification is achieved, and the working bandwidth and output power of an original structure are not damaged while the interaction length of the slow wave structure is effectively shortened. In order to optimize the layout and reduce the structural size, the signal propagation directions of two adjacent stages are arranged in opposite directions, so that the output end of the front stage is directly aligned with the input end of the rear stage in space, and a compact folding topological structure is formed. Efficient signal transmission between stages is realized through the coupler and the waveguide, and the whole slow wave structure only reserves one input port and one output port, so that the integration level is remarkably improved, the manufacturing complexity is not increased, and meanwhile, the performance of an output signal is not deteriorated. And the electron beams are emitted along the signal transmission direction of each stage, so that the electron beams of two adjacent stages are arranged in a staggered manner in space.

Vacuum electron devices (VEDs) are produced having a plurality of two-dimensional layers of various materials that are bonded together to form one or more VEDs simultaneously. The two-dimensional material layers are machined to include features needed for device operation so that when assembled and bonded into a three-dimensional structure, three-dimensional features are formed. The two-dimensional layers are bonded together using brazing, diffusion bonding, assisted diffusion bonding, solid state bonding, cold welding, ultrasonic welding, and the like. The manufacturing process enables incorporation of metallic, magnetic, and ceramic materials required for VED fabrication while maintaining required positional accuracy and multiple devices per batch capability. The VEDs so produced include a combination of magnetic and electrostatic lenses for electron beam control.

The invention discloses a miniaturized periodic permanent magnet focusing metamaterial backward wave oscillator, which comprises a metamaterial slow wave structure, a coupling cavity, a periodic permanent magnet focusing system and a coaxial output interface, the metamaterial slow-wave structure comprises a waveguide shell, a periodic resonance structure and a first vacuum gap; the coupling cavity comprises a coupling cavity shell, a coupling cavity inner conductor and a second vacuum gap; the coupling cavity inner conductor is connected with the periodic resonance structure and the coaxial output interface; the periodic permanent magnet focusing system comprises a first permanent magnet focusing structure and a second permanent magnet focusing structure which are asymmetrically arranged up and down, and the metamaterial slow wave structure is arranged between the first permanent magnet focusing structure and the second permanent magnet focusing structure. According to the backward wave oscillator, the metamaterial slow wave structure and the periodic permanent magnet focusing system are arranged, and the coupled cavity is multiplexed as the collector, so that the size of the backward wave oscillator is reduced. And an asymmetric focusing magnetic field is generated through the asymmetrically arranged periodic permanent magnet focusing system, so that electron beams can perform energy exchange better.

The present invention discloses a method and structure for suppressing high-order mode oscillations in a multi-beam klystron. The present invention belongs to the technical field of vacuum electronic devices. The method proposed in the present invention adds a mode filter structure to the inner wall of the coaxial resonator of the multi-beam klystron. Its length is equal to half of the wavelength of the operating mode and is close to three-quarters of the wavelength of the high-order mode. Based on the principle of half-wavelength repeatability, this structure has the characteristic of having little influence on the frequency of the operating mode. Based on the principle of quarter-wavelength impedance transformation, this structure has the characteristic of having a greater influence on the high-order mode. By optimizing the design of the dimensions of the mode filter structure, it is possible to suppress spurious modes and eliminate the influence of high-order mode self-excited oscillations without affecting the frequency, field magnitude, and symmetry of the operating mode of the multi-beam klystron, providing technical support for the simulation design and engineering tube manufacturing of the multi-beam klystron.

The invention provides a slow wave structure, a terahertz traveling wave tube device and a communication device. According to the slow wave structure provided by the invention, the first sub slow wave structure and the second sub slow wave structure are ingeniously combined, so that the technical problem of insufficient output power in the prior art can be effectively solved. Specifically, the first sub-slow-wave structure performs cluster modulation on the electron beam through preset strong coupling impedance, so that the density and the modulation efficiency of the electron beam are improved; and the second slow wave sub-structure ensures that the electron beams subjected to cluster modulation can efficiently export microwave energy through the design of low transmission loss, so that the energy loss is obviously reduced. Through the innovative structural design, higher output power can be provided at a high frequency band, attenuation of microwave signals is effectively reduced, the overall performance of the system is improved, and the application requirements of high power and high efficiency are met.

The application discloses a broadband folded full-metal slow wave structure, which comprises a first grid body and a second grid body arranged in a central symmetry; the first grid body and the second grid body enclose an electron beam channel; the first grid body comprises a plurality of metal grids arranged at equal intervals along a direction of a traveling wave; a cross section of the metal grid along the direction of the traveling wave comprises a first rectangular section, a trapezoidal section and a second rectangular section connected in sequence; the first rectangular section is provided with an arc-shaped opening with an opening direction away from the trapezoidal section; the arc-shaped opening comprises a first opening and a second opening; a hollowed-out part of the first opening is a rectangular body, and a hollowed-out part of the second opening is a semi-cylindrical body. By setting the hollowed-out part of the first opening as the rectangular body and the hollowed-out part of the second opening as the semi-cylindrical body, a ring-shaped tip of the slow wave structure is prevented, the slow wave structure is easy to manufacture, the dispersion characteristic is improved to expand a bandwidth, high-frequency loss is reduced, and output power, gain, bandwidth and interaction efficiency of the traveling wave tube are improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of vacuum electronics, and discloses a large-radius spiral waveguide slow wave device (including a traveling wave tube and a backward wave tube). The high-frequency structure of the novel slow-wave device is a two-dimensional periodic slow-wave structure formed by spirally winding a rectangular waveguide along a large-radius cylindrical surface. The transverse size of an electron beam channel can be greatly increased by increasing the spiral radius, so that higher injection electron beam power (under the same current density) is provided, and the output power is greatly improved. Compared with an existing slow-wave device, the large-radius spiral waveguide slow-wave device has the advantages that the output power can be greatly improved (in magnitude), and the bottleneck that the power of an existing vacuum electronic slow-wave device is limited can be broken through.

The invention discloses a gyrotron high-frequency interaction structure formed by continuous curves, which is characterized in that the gyrotron high-frequency interaction structure is composed of a cut-off section, an interaction section and an output section of a cubic spline difference fitting curve structure, and the curve slope at the joint of the cut-off section and the interaction section and the curve slope at the joint of the interaction section and the output section are consistent. Through the high-frequency interaction structure, a higher harmonic working mode can be excited in a terahertz frequency band, and the output characteristics of high efficiency and wide bandwidth are achieved. Under the working condition of a high-order axial mode, the gyrotron has stable output power and linear frequency change in the frequency adjusting process, and the effective working bandwidth is remarkably improved. The problems of power fluctuation and frequency hopping of the gyrotron under the working condition of a high-order axial mode are effectively solved, so that an excellent output effect is obtained.

This invention discloses a slow-wave structure and circuit suitable for high-order modes, including a housing, an upper gate extending from the top wall to the bottom wall of the housing, and a lower gate extending from the bottom wall to the top wall of the housing. Multiple upper and lower gates are staggered, defining multiple periodic vacuum cavities. The upper and lower gates have different heights along the height direction of the slow-wave structure. An electron beam channel is formed between the upper and lower gates. This invention can suppress low-order mode competition and back-wave oscillations at low operating voltages, achieving stable operation in high-order modes and achieving high output power of 100W or more with low voltage.

Provided in the present application are a traveling-wave tube, a transmitter, an electronic device and a signal processing method. The traveling-wave tube comprises an input apparatus, an electron emission apparatus, a plurality of slow-wave structures and an output apparatus, wherein at least one transmission channel is formed in the plurality of slow-wave structures, and the number of transmission channels is less than the number of slow-wave structures; the input apparatus is used for receiving a plurality of radio-frequency signals and feeding the plurality of radio-frequency signals into the plurality of slow-wave structures; the electron emission apparatus is used for emitting an electron beam into the at least one transmission channel of the plurality of slow-wave structures; the plurality of slow-wave structures are used for respectively receiving the plurality of radio-frequency signals, and using the electron beam to respectively amplify the plurality of radio-frequency signals, so as to obtain a plurality of amplified radio-frequency signals; and the output apparatus is used for outputting the plurality of amplified radio-frequency signals. The present application can reduce the volume of a traveling-wave tube, thereby decreasing the cost of the traveling-wave tube.

A slow-wave structure, a traveling-wave tube, and a communication apparatus are provided. The slow-wave structure includes a tube housing, a slow-wave line, and a plurality of support portions. The slow-wave line and the plurality of support portions are all located inside the tube housing, and the tube housing, the slow-wave line, and the plurality of support portions are integrally connected. The plurality of support portions are sequentially spaced apart along the slow-wave line. One end of each support portion is connected to the tube housing, and the other end is connected to the slow-wave line. This application can address processing and assembly errors caused by a discrete design, and simplifies assembly, thereby shortening an overall production cycle of the traveling-wave tube, and improving yields and consistency of the traveling-wave tube.

The present invention discloses a high-frequency helical slow-wave structure and a traveling wave tube, comprising a tube shell and a helical wire fixed in the tube shell by a clamping rod, wherein the helical wire and the tube shell are coaxially arranged; a loading structure is arranged on the inner wall of the tube shell, wherein the loading structure is a groove body formed by a depression of the inner wall of the tube shell, wherein the groove body spirally winds around the central axis of the tube shell on the inner wall of the tube shell to form a helical structure, and extends from one end of the tube shell to the other end of the tube shell. Compared with the existing slow-wave structure, the structure provided by the present invention improves the structure of the slow-wave structure, and by processing the loading structure inside the tube shell, the coupling impedance and output power of the slow-wave structure are improved, and the interaction coupling efficiency of the electron beam and the electromagnetic wave is further improved. In addition, the processing difficulty can be reduced, and a new technical direction is provided for the high-efficiency technology of space traveling wave tubes.

The present application relates to the technical field of small magnetron microwave cavity, and discloses a passive hydrogen atom frequency standard small magnetron microwave cavity.The passive hydrogen atom frequency standard small magnetron microwave cavity comprises a cavity tube and four pole pieces, a sealed microwave resonant cavity is formed in the cavity tube, one coupling ring is arranged on each side of the side surface of the cavity tube, the two coupling rings are respectively used for input and output of microwave signals, the outer diameter of the cavity tube is 111mm, the inner diameter of the cavity tube is 105mm, and the height is 188.5mm; the pole piece is in an arc structure, four pole pieces are arranged in a ring in the sealed microwave resonant cavity, a connecting column is protrudingly arranged on the side of each pole piece away from the center of the plurality of pole pieces, the connecting column is connected to the side wall of the cavity tube, the annular inner diameter surrounded by the four pole pieces is 61.6mm, the annular outer diameter is 67.4mm, the height of the pole piece is 145mm, and the spacing between each adjacent two pole pieces is 3.8mm.The passive hydrogen atom frequency standard small magnetron microwave cavity is light in mass, small in size, and meets the magnetic field environment requirement of hydrogen atom transition of the passive hydrogen atom frequency standard.

The invention provides a magnetic focusing system for a terahertz strip beam traveling wave tube, and belongs to the technical field of vacuum electronic devices. According to the system, a group of parallel long-strip-shaped magnets are arranged on a main magnet at certain intervals, the distance between the long-strip-shaped magnets is adjusted at the same time through a synchronous knob, and a proper magnetic field is generated in a slow-wave structure channel and used for focusing a banding beam so as to prevent the banding beam from diverging and being intercepted by the inner wall of the channel; meanwhile, the main magnets and the long-strip-shaped magnets are arranged at intervals and used for eliminating most of unnecessary Bx components near the center of an electron beam channel, so that a magnetic field generated by the magnets can better focus the banding beam, and the flow rate of the banding beam is effectively improved.

According to one embodiment, a klystron includes a high-frequency interaction unit, a main magnet arranged in a ring shape around the high-frequency interaction unit, an output waveguide, an auxiliary magnet arranged in a ring shape opposing the output waveguide, an output unit for extracting high-frequency power from the output waveguide, and an output adjustment mechanism which adjusts the output of the high-frequency power extracted from the output unit by deforming the output waveguide. In the output adjustment mechanism, the output waveguide is deformed by engaging a distal end of a jig inserted from an outside of the auxiliary magnet via a jig insertion hole with an engagement member and pushing or pulling the engagement member.

This invention discloses a slow-wave structure and a traveling-wave tube loaded with a microwave absorbing metamaterial; in the field of microwave electronics; comprising: a closed metal cavity structure for transmitting electromagnetic waves, and a microwave absorbing metamaterial structure loaded on the wall of the closed metal cavity structure; the operating frequency band of the microwave absorbing metamaterial structure is the non-operating mode frequency band of the slow-wave structure; this solution is based on the traditional slow-wave structure and improves the structure by loading a microwave absorbing metamaterial in the non-operating mode frequency band into the slow-wave structure to filter out non-operating mode signals; the loading of the microwave absorbing metamaterial has no effect on the operating mode of the slow-wave structure, but absorbs the non-operating mode, achieving a filtering effect, thereby achieving the effect of suppressing mode competition.

Vacuum electron devices (VEDs) having a plurality of two-dimensional layers of various materials are bonded together to form one or more VEDs simultaneously. The two-dimensional material layers are machined to include features needed for device operation so that when assembled and bonded into a three-dimensional structure, three-dimensional features are formed. The two-dimensional layers are bonded together into a sandwich-like structure. The manufacturing process enables incorporation of metallic, magnetic, ceramic materials, and other materials required for VED fabrication while maintaining required positional accuracy and multiple devices per batch capability.

The invention provides a folded waveguide slow-wave structure, a traveling wave tube and a design method, the folded waveguide slow-wave structure comprises a multi-periodic structure defined by a plurality of upper grid bodies and a plurality of lower grid bodies which are distributed in a staggered manner, and the folded waveguide slow-wave structure comprises a straight waveguide section, a bent waveguide connection section and an electron beam channel which are communicated with each other; the bent waveguide connecting section comprises an inner arc boundary; an inner arc joint part is arranged between the inner arc boundary and the straight waveguide section; the circle center corresponding to the inner arc boundary and the inner arc joint part are both located in the boundary limited by the electron beam channel, and the arc top end point of the inner arc boundary is located outside the boundary limited by the electron beam channel. The folded waveguide slow wave structure can improve the performance of the terahertz traveling wave tube.

The present invention relates to a multi-gap resonator and a method for designing the same. The resonator of the present invention comprises an electron beam channel, a first coupling cavity and a second coupling cavity symmetrically arranged with respect to the electron beam channel, and a plurality of gap cavities respectively communicating with the electron beam channel and the first and second coupling cavities, and at least one electric wall respectively arranged in the first and second coupling cavities, which electric wall causes at least one non-working mode of the resonator to be cut off. The method for designing the multi-gap resonator according to the present invention can reduce the non-working resonant modes and increase the mode separation; and due to the increased mode separation, it is possible to use more gap cavities to improve the characteristic impedance of the interaction mode. Thus, a multi-gap resonator with significantly improved characteristic impedance can be obtained.

This invention provides a folded waveguide slow-wave structure, a traveling wave tube, and a design method. The folded waveguide slow-wave structure includes multiple folded waveguide units of a periodic structure and an electron beam channel. Each folded waveguide unit includes a straight waveguide segment and a waveguide connection segment. In the direction from the electron beam channel towards the waveguide connection segment, adjacent straight waveguide segments are arranged obliquely and symmetrically. The angle formed by the axes of adjacent straight waveguide segments is α; 10°≤α≤60°. This folded waveguide slow-wave structure can reduce dispersion variation while maintaining a certain coupling impedance, effectively improving the device bandwidth.

The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave vacuum electronics, and particularly provides a slow wave structure based on moving standing wave work, which is used for realizing the design targets of high power, high gain and wide bandwidth of a vacuum electronic device. According to the invention, a rectangular folded slow-wave structure which is a traveling-wave-type slow-wave line is creatively adopted to replace a distributed multi-gap structure in a traditional extended interaction klystron, and a novel resonant cavity of an upper coupled cavity / traveling-wave-type slow-wave line / lower coupled cavity is obtained, so that the novel slow-wave structure can have traveling wave characteristics and standing wave characteristics at the same time. Stronger characteristic impedance and wider bandwidth are obtained; the novel slow-wave structure is applied to a vacuum electronic device as a high-frequency structure, can achieve the design targets of high power, high gain and wide bandwidth of the vacuum electronic device, has the advantage of good cavity consistency, can effectively reduce the complexity of a cavity compared with an existing device, and improves the reliability of the vacuum electronic device. And the magnetic field distribution design difficulty and the device processing difficulty are greatly reduced.