58results about "Transit-tube circuit elements" patented technology

The utility model relates to the technical field of vacuum electronics, in particular to a trapezoidal staggered gate slow-wave structure of a circular electron beam channel, which comprises a metal shell, trapezoidal upper metal gates and trapezoidal lower metal gates which are symmetrically arranged in a staggered manner are arranged in the metal shell, and the upper metal gates and the lower metal gates are respectively provided with arc-shaped concave holes; along the electron transmission direction, the concave holes respectively penetrate through the upper metal gate and the lower metal gate, and the upper and lower concave holes are enclosed to form a circular electron beam channel. Through the slow-wave structure, the bandwidth of the slow-wave structure can be increased, so that the longitudinal electric field in the slow-wave structure is enhanced.

A folding cascade design is adopted, a single-section amplification process of a traditional slow wave structure is decomposed into a plurality of continuously cascaded amplification stages, namely slow wave sub-structures, each stage is provided with an independent electron beam for driving, an output signal of a front stage is directly fed into a rear stage to serve as input, and the output signal of the rear stage is directly fed into the slow wave sub-structures. In this way, step-by-step transmission and amplification of signals are achieved, high-efficiency sectional signal amplification is achieved, and the working bandwidth and output power of an original structure are not damaged while the interaction length of the slow wave structure is effectively shortened. In order to optimize the layout and reduce the structural size, the signal propagation directions of two adjacent stages are arranged in opposite directions, so that the output end of the front stage is directly aligned with the input end of the rear stage in space, and a compact folding topological structure is formed. Efficient signal transmission between stages is realized through the coupler and the waveguide, and the whole slow wave structure only reserves one input port and one output port, so that the integration level is remarkably improved, the manufacturing complexity is not increased, and meanwhile, the performance of an output signal is not deteriorated. And the electron beams are emitted along the signal transmission direction of each stage, so that the electron beams of two adjacent stages are arranged in a staggered manner in space.

The invention relates to the technical field of vacuum electronics, and discloses a large-radius spiral waveguide slow wave device (including a traveling wave tube and a backward wave tube). The high-frequency structure of the novel slow-wave device is a two-dimensional periodic slow-wave structure formed by spirally winding a rectangular waveguide along a large-radius cylindrical surface. The transverse size of an electron beam channel can be greatly increased by increasing the spiral radius, so that higher injection electron beam power (under the same current density) is provided, and the output power is greatly improved. Compared with an existing slow-wave device, the large-radius spiral waveguide slow-wave device has the advantages that the output power can be greatly improved (in magnitude), and the bottleneck that the power of an existing vacuum electronic slow-wave device is limited can be broken through.

This invention discloses a slow-wave structure and circuit suitable for high-order modes, including a housing, an upper gate extending from the top wall to the bottom wall of the housing, and a lower gate extending from the bottom wall to the top wall of the housing. Multiple upper and lower gates are staggered, defining multiple periodic vacuum cavities. The upper and lower gates have different heights along the height direction of the slow-wave structure. An electron beam channel is formed between the upper and lower gates. This invention can suppress low-order mode competition and back-wave oscillations at low operating voltages, achieving stable operation in high-order modes and achieving high output power of 100W or more with low voltage.

Provided in the present application are a traveling-wave tube, a transmitter, an electronic device and a signal processing method. The traveling-wave tube comprises an input apparatus, an electron emission apparatus, a plurality of slow-wave structures and an output apparatus, wherein at least one transmission channel is formed in the plurality of slow-wave structures, and the number of transmission channels is less than the number of slow-wave structures; the input apparatus is used for receiving a plurality of radio-frequency signals and feeding the plurality of radio-frequency signals into the plurality of slow-wave structures; the electron emission apparatus is used for emitting an electron beam into the at least one transmission channel of the plurality of slow-wave structures; the plurality of slow-wave structures are used for respectively receiving the plurality of radio-frequency signals, and using the electron beam to respectively amplify the plurality of radio-frequency signals, so as to obtain a plurality of amplified radio-frequency signals; and the output apparatus is used for outputting the plurality of amplified radio-frequency signals. The present application can reduce the volume of a traveling-wave tube, thereby decreasing the cost of the traveling-wave tube.

A slow-wave structure, a traveling-wave tube, and a communication apparatus are provided. The slow-wave structure includes a tube housing, a slow-wave line, and a plurality of support portions. The slow-wave line and the plurality of support portions are all located inside the tube housing, and the tube housing, the slow-wave line, and the plurality of support portions are integrally connected. The plurality of support portions are sequentially spaced apart along the slow-wave line. One end of each support portion is connected to the tube housing, and the other end is connected to the slow-wave line. This application can address processing and assembly errors caused by a discrete design, and simplifies assembly, thereby shortening an overall production cycle of the traveling-wave tube, and improving yields and consistency of the traveling-wave tube.

The present application relates to the technical field of small magnetron microwave cavity, and discloses a passive hydrogen atom frequency standard small magnetron microwave cavity.The passive hydrogen atom frequency standard small magnetron microwave cavity comprises a cavity tube and four pole pieces, a sealed microwave resonant cavity is formed in the cavity tube, one coupling ring is arranged on each side of the side surface of the cavity tube, the two coupling rings are respectively used for input and output of microwave signals, the outer diameter of the cavity tube is 111mm, the inner diameter of the cavity tube is 105mm, and the height is 188.5mm; the pole piece is in an arc structure, four pole pieces are arranged in a ring in the sealed microwave resonant cavity, a connecting column is protrudingly arranged on the side of each pole piece away from the center of the plurality of pole pieces, the connecting column is connected to the side wall of the cavity tube, the annular inner diameter surrounded by the four pole pieces is 61.6mm, the annular outer diameter is 67.4mm, the height of the pole piece is 145mm, and the spacing between each adjacent two pole pieces is 3.8mm.The passive hydrogen atom frequency standard small magnetron microwave cavity is light in mass, small in size, and meets the magnetic field environment requirement of hydrogen atom transition of the passive hydrogen atom frequency standard.

The present invention relates to a multi-gap resonator and a method for designing the same. The resonator of the present invention comprises an electron beam channel, a first coupling cavity and a second coupling cavity symmetrically arranged with respect to the electron beam channel, and a plurality of gap cavities respectively communicating with the electron beam channel and the first and second coupling cavities, and at least one electric wall respectively arranged in the first and second coupling cavities, which electric wall causes at least one non-working mode of the resonator to be cut off. The method for designing the multi-gap resonator according to the present invention can reduce the non-working resonant modes and increase the mode separation; and due to the increased mode separation, it is possible to use more gap cavities to improve the characteristic impedance of the interaction mode. Thus, a multi-gap resonator with significantly improved characteristic impedance can be obtained.

This invention provides a folded waveguide slow-wave structure, a traveling wave tube, and a design method. The folded waveguide slow-wave structure includes multiple folded waveguide units of a periodic structure and an electron beam channel. Each folded waveguide unit includes a straight waveguide segment and a waveguide connection segment. In the direction from the electron beam channel towards the waveguide connection segment, adjacent straight waveguide segments are arranged obliquely and symmetrically. The angle formed by the axes of adjacent straight waveguide segments is α; 10°≤α≤60°. This folded waveguide slow-wave structure can reduce dispersion variation while maintaining a certain coupling impedance, effectively improving the device bandwidth.

The application discloses an improved trapezoidal line slow wave structure and a traveling wave tube. The slow wave structure comprises a straight waveguide section, the straight waveguide section comprises a first coupling groove, a second coupling groove and an electron beam channel located in the middle of the first coupling groove and the second coupling groove along the direction of the central axis of the straight waveguide section; the width of the first coupling groove and the second coupling groove alternately changes on two adjacent metal plates of the slow wave structure, the transmission path of electromagnetic waves in the slow wave structure is prolonged, the phase velocity of electromagnetic waves in the slow wave structure is reduced, and then the bandwidth is extended. The traveling wave tube comprises the improved trapezoidal line slow wave structure. The application has the advantages of easy processing, good heat dissipation, wider bandwidth, higher coupling impedance and lower ohmic loss in the terahertz wave band, and solves the problems of narrow bandwidth, lower coupling impedance and larger loss of the traditional trapezoidal line slow wave structure.

A power module comprises a high frequency switching electronic power conditioner including stacked rectifier / filters, the stacked rectifier / filters generating stacked DC output voltages; and a vacuum electronic device coupled to the high frequency switching electronic power conditioner, the vacuum electronic device including components, each component receiving a respective DC output voltage of the stacked DC output voltages.

A slow-wave structure, a traveling-wave tube, and a communication apparatus are provided. The slow-wave structure includes a tube housing, a slow-wave line, and a plurality of support portions. The slow-wave line and the plurality of support portions are all located inside the tube housing, and the tube housing, the slow-wave line, and the plurality of support portions are integrally connected. The plurality of support portions are sequentially spaced apart along the slow-wave line. One end of each support portion is connected to the tube housing, and the other end is connected to the slow-wave line.

The invention relates to a V-band high-power microwave oscillator based on distributed extraction, a solenoid magnetic field is electrified to generate a magnetic field, under the guidance of the magnetic field, an electron beam is transmitted into a drift tube, and is transmitted to two sections of V-band slow wave structure areas of an internal coaxial electromagnetic structure along the axial direction; in the area of the first section of slow wave structure, the beam and the wave are synchronized to enable the beam to generate speed modulation, the speed modulation obtained by the beam in the first section of slow wave structure is converted into density modulation in the drift cavity through drift motion, finally, the electron beam and the coaxial slow wave structure generate beam-wave action in the second section of slow wave structure, energy is given to a microwave field, and therefore HPM is generated. The second coaxial microwave output waveguide is communicated and coupled with the seventh slow-wave structure period and the twelfth slow-wave structure period of the second section of slow-wave structure, so that a part of energy given to microwaves by electron beams is output from the second coaxial microwave output waveguide, and the distributed extraction effect is achieved; and the power capacity of the device is effectively improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of high-power microwaves, and particularly relates to an ultra-high-power ultra-large-radius coaxial backward wave tube which is particularly suitable for national defense and military application. According to the ultra-large-radius coaxial corrugated backward wave tube, on the basis that the difference between the inner radius and the outer radius of a fundamental wave (TEM wave) is not changed, by increasing the center radius of a slow wave device and keeping the electron beam voltage and current density unchanged, the input current is increased in an equal proportion mode, and the output power is increased in a year-on-year mode. The problem that the power of an existing slow-wave device is limited can be solved.

The application discloses a suspended and ridged microstrip line planar slow wave structure, which is different from a conventional suspended microstrip line slow wave structure, and is characterized in that a periodic metal U-shaped zigzag microstrip line is suspended, and a metal ridge is additionally arranged on a straight section of the microstrip line, so that a dielectric substrate on which the periodic ridged metal zigzag microstrip line is printed mainly plays a supporting role, electromagnetic waves are mainly distributed in vacuum cavities on the upper and lower sides of the dielectric substrate, and a strong longitudinal electric field distribution is formed above the periodic metal zigzag microstrip line, because the metal ridge is arranged on the straight section of the microstrip line, so that a larger coupling impedance can be further obtained, and the interaction efficiency of a microstrip line planar traveling wave tube amplifier is finally improved. Taking a W-band U-shaped periodic suspended metal zigzag microstrip line slow wave structure as an example, the coupling impedance at 96 GHz is increased by 194% by adding the ridge to the U-shaped periodic suspended metal zigzag microstrip line.

The invention discloses a miniaturized high-voltage assembly of a microwave power module. The miniaturized high-voltage assembly comprises an LC resonance tank circuit, a high-voltage transformer, a high-voltage rectification filter circuit, a pulse isolation transformer and a filament transformer. High-voltage discrete components such as an LC resonance tank circuit, a high-voltage transformer, a high-voltage rectification filter circuit, a pulse isolation transformer and a filament transformer in the microwave power module are integrated into a miniaturized high-voltage assembly, the size is reduced, the interconnection frequency of high-voltage lead terminals is reduced, the reliability is improved, the layout positions of the high-voltage discrete components are fixed, and the cost is reduced. And the parameter consistency of the high-voltage circuit part is improved.

Vacuum electron devices (VEDs) are produced having a plurality of two-dimensional layers of various materials that are bonded together to form one or more VEDs simultaneously. The two-dimensional material layers are machined to include features needed for device operation so that when assembled and bonded into a three-dimensional structure, three-dimensional features are formed. The two-dimensional layers are bonded together using brazing, diffusion bonding, assisted diffusion bonding, solid state bonding, cold welding, ultrasonic welding, and the like. The manufacturing process enables incorporation of metallic, magnetic, and ceramic materials required for VED fabrication while maintaining required positional accuracy and multiple devices per batch capability. The VEDs so produced include a combination of magnetic and electrostatic lenses for electron beam control.

In order to solve the application problem of the traditional extended interaction device in the high frequency terahertz frequency band, the characteristic impedance of the resonant cavity and the interaction efficiency need to be improved, and the most effective method to improve the impedance is to introduce a new extended interaction resonant cavity operating mode. The application discloses an extended interaction oscillator based on staggered double grids, on the basis of the existing extended interaction oscillator, two groups of gratings are staggered along the z direction to form a staggered double grid structure, and the coupling input and output structure is moved to the electron beam injection end outside the y direction resonant cavity, so that a new operating mode, i.e. close to 2pi mode, is generated, stronger interaction effect is generated, the coupled energy is output to the rectangular waveguide through the coupling input and output structure, so that the purpose of reducing the interaction circuit length of the extended interaction oscillator is achieved.

The invention relates to a compact radial high-power microwave generator, and belongs to the technical field of high-power microwaves. The device is composed of a cathode 1, a first drift section 2, a coupling cavity 3, a second drift section 4, a radial slow wave structure 5, an electron beam collector 6, a radial coupling channel 7, a mode converter 8 and an output waveguide 9. The invention relates to a compact radial high-power microwave generator which is of a circumferential symmetrical structure, mainly utilizes interaction between a high-current relativistic electron beam radially emitted by a cathode 1 and a transverse electric mode in a radial slow wave structure 5, and outputs microwaves through outward coupling of a coupling cavity 3 near the cathode side. Therefore, the purposes of reducing the axial size of the radial high-power microwave generator and realizing hollow waveguide single-mode output are achieved.

The present application provides a vacuum electronic device, an electronic module, and an electronic system. A reconstruction structure is added between an energy exchange structure and a collection structure, and the reconstruction structure adjusts energy distribution of an energy-exchanged electron beam, thereby facilitating optimization of the adjusted energy distribution of the electron beam. In this way, compared with the energy-exchanged electron beam directly entering the collection structure, the energy-exchanged electron beam entering the collection structure after undergoing energy distribution adjustment by the reconstruction structure facilitates the implementation of higher collection efficiency of the collection structure for the electron beam, thereby enabling the overall tube efficiency to meet application requirements.

This invention provides an islandless half-slot folded waveguide slow-wave structure, a slow-wave circuit, and a traveling wave tube. The folded waveguide slow-wave structure includes a multi-periodic cavity structure defined by multiple staggered upper and lower gratings. The folded waveguide slow-wave structure includes a connected straight waveguide section, a waveguide connecting section, and an electron beam channel. The waveguide connecting section includes an inner boundary located within the boundary defined by the electron beam channel. The intersection of the centerline of the inner boundary and the axis of the electron beam channel is located on the inner boundary. This folded waveguide slow-wave structure eliminates the island structure found in conventional folded waveguides, improves the slow-wave circuit's resistance to electron bombardment, and provides stronger structural toughness at the electron beam channel, thus solving the problem of insufficient strength in slow-wave structures at terahertz high frequencies.

A microwave source used in the radiotherapy device can be provided. The microwave source may include an anode block and one or more cathodes. The cathode of the microwave source may include a cathode support element having a plurality of slots. The plurality of slots can be axially around a circumference of the cathode support element. The microwave source may include a cathode heater including at least one filament. A first part of the at least one filament may be wound around the cathode support element along a first direction and received by a first portion of the plurality of slots, and a second part of the at least one filament may be wound around the cathode support element along a second direction and received by a second portion of the plurality of slots.

This invention discloses a fully electrostatically focused planar integrable microstrip slow-wave traveling wave tube. This invention uses an electric field generated by electrodes produced by microfabrication technology to replace the magnetic focusing commonly used in vacuum devices. Under the action of the electrodes, the electron beam is subjected to attraction or repulsion forces from electrodes of different polarities. Due to the periodic changes in electrode potential, the particles alternately focus and defocus in the x and y directions, but the fluctuations in the z-direction of propagation remain within a certain range. By matching the electrode period with the period of the microstrip slow-wave structure, a periodic electrostatic potential well is formed in the longitudinal direction, thereby achieving stable constraint and dynamic control of the electron beam, completing the fully electrostatic focusing of the electron beam in the traveling wave tube.

A slow-wave structure, a traveling-wave tube, and a communication apparatus are provided. The slow-wave structure includes a tube housing, a slow-wave line, and a plurality of support portions. The slow-wave line and the plurality of support portions are all located inside the tube housing, and the tube housing, the slow-wave line, and the plurality of support portions are integrally connected. The plurality of support portions are sequentially spaced apart along the slow-wave line. One end of each support portion is connected to the tube housing, and the other end is connected to the slow-wave line. This application can address processing and assembly errors caused by a discrete design, and simplifies assembly, thereby shortening an overall production cycle of the traveling-wave tube, and improving yields and consistency of the traveling-wave tube.

The invention provides a traveling wave tube, a transmitter, electronic equipment and a signal processing method. The traveling wave tube comprises an input device, an electron emission device, a multi-path slow wave structure and an output device, at least one transmission channel is formed in the multi-path slow wave structure, and the number of the transmission channels is smaller than that of the slow wave structure; wherein the input device is used for receiving a plurality of paths of radio frequency signals and feeding the plurality of paths of radio frequency signals into the plurality of paths of slow wave structures; the electron emission device is used for emitting electron beams into at least one transmission channel of the multi-path slow wave structure; the multi-path slow wave structure is used for respectively receiving the multi-path radio frequency signals and respectively amplifying the multi-path radio frequency signals by using electron beams to obtain multi-path amplified radio frequency signals; and the output device is used for outputting multiple paths of amplified radio frequency signals. The size of the traveling wave tube can be reduced, so that the cost of the traveling wave tube is reduced.

The application relates to a folded waveguide slow wave structure with improved connecting waveguide and a traveling wave tube. The folded waveguide slow wave structure comprises a straight waveguide section and a connecting waveguide section in communication, and the width length of the connecting waveguide section is smaller than that of the straight waveguide section. According to the folded waveguide slow wave structure, the reflection of the straight waveguide section width caused by the existence of the electron beam channel is compensated by reducing the width size of the connecting waveguide, the matching performance of the slow wave structure is optimized, and the load capacity of the short millimeter wave and terahertz traveling wave tube using the folded waveguide slow wave structure is improved.

The application discloses a radial electron beam staggered grid structure traveling wave amplifier, which comprises coaxial staggered grid leaves with different radii and made of metal at the lower side and the upper side of upper and lower metal ring shells, the lower side and the upper side of the grid leaves are staggered, and a cavity is formed between the lower side and the upper side of the grid leaves, thereby forming a slow wave structure. Electromagnetic waves are injected from the cavity between two adjacent grid leaves at the lower side of the upper metal ring shell or the upper side of the lower metal ring shell near a hot cathode through an input structure as a signal to be amplified, the electromagnetic waves are transmitted along the cavity in the coaxial staggered grid and interact with electron beams transmitted along the radial direction, thereby converting electron kinetic energy into electromagnetic wave energy, amplifying the input electromagnetic wave signal, and outputting the amplified electromagnetic waves from the lower metal ring shell or the upper metal ring shell through an output structure. The application has the characteristics of high interaction efficiency, high output power, high coupling impedance and simple structure.

A power module includes a high frequency switching electronic power regulator including a stacked rectifier / filter, the stacked rectifier / filter generating a stacked DC output voltage; and vacuum electronics coupled to the high frequency switching electronic power regulator, the vacuum electronics including components, each component receiving a respective one of the stacked DC output voltages.

The application discloses a frequency multiplication backward wave oscillator and a harmonic amplification method. The frequency multiplication backward wave oscillator comprises a first slow wave structure and a second slow wave structure. The first slow wave structure comprises a first electron beam channel and a first grating extending along the first electron beam channel. The second slow wave structure comprises a second electron beam channel and a second grating and a third grating extending along the second electron beam channel. The working frequency of the third grating is N times of the working frequencies of the first grating and the second grating, wherein N is a positive integer. A connecting waveguide is connected between the first electron beam channel and the second electron beam channel. A first output port is arranged on the second electron beam channel. The application can significantly reduce the starting current density, improve the output power and shorten the starting time by using one slow wave structure to generate electromagnetic waves for one electron beam and then delivering the electromagnetic waves to another slow wave structure to modulate another electron beam.