123results about "Transit-tube circuit elements" patented technology

A plasma processing apparatus includes a temperature regulator, which includes a plurality of fans and provides a flow path, wherein the flow path is axially or rotationally symmetrical with respect to a central axis and includes a first partial flow path and a second partial flow path, and wherein the first partial flow path extends along an upper surface of an excitation electrode, and the second partial flow path extends alternately in opposite directions between the plurality of fans and the first partial flow path.

The utility model relates to the technical field of vacuum electronics, in particular to a trapezoidal staggered gate slow-wave structure of a circular electron beam channel, which comprises a metal shell, trapezoidal upper metal gates and trapezoidal lower metal gates which are symmetrically arranged in a staggered manner are arranged in the metal shell, and the upper metal gates and the lower metal gates are respectively provided with arc-shaped concave holes; along the electron transmission direction, the concave holes respectively penetrate through the upper metal gate and the lower metal gate, and the upper and lower concave holes are enclosed to form a circular electron beam channel. Through the slow-wave structure, the bandwidth of the slow-wave structure can be increased, so that the longitudinal electric field in the slow-wave structure is enhanced.

A slow-wave structure, a traveling wave tube, an electronic device, and a communication system are provided. The slow-wave structure includes a folded waveguide structure, where the waveguide structure has a cycle in a longitudinal direction and an amplitude in a transverse direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and at least one of an amplitude of a first part of the waveguide structure and a cycle of the first part gradually changes in the longitudinal direction. Therefore, reflection of the slow-wave structure can be reduced, backward wave oscillation can be effectively suppressed, and a wider operating bandwidth can be obtained.

This disclosure provides a planar resonant cavity for a planar gyrotron and a method for increasing its output power, relating to the field of microwave technology. The planar resonant cavity includes: a resonant cavity for increasing the energy of electromagnetic waves; wherein the energy of the electromagnetic waves gradually increases based on the interaction between the electron beam and the electromagnetic wave; electron emitting surfaces, respectively disposed at the upper and lower ends of the cavity surface in the negative Z direction, for emitting electron beams; wherein the electron emitting surfaces at the upper and lower ends of the cavity surface are symmetrical based on both the central YZ plane and the central XZ plane of the resonant cavity; and baffles, including a left baffle and a right baffle, the left and right baffles having identical structures, respectively disposed in the X direction of the resonant cavity between the electron emitting surfaces and the two ends of the resonant cavity, for reflecting electromagnetic waves to enhance the interaction between the electron beam and the wave, increase the energy of the electromagnetic waves, and increase the output power of the electromagnetic waves.

A folding cascade design is adopted, a single-section amplification process of a traditional slow wave structure is decomposed into a plurality of continuously cascaded amplification stages, namely slow wave sub-structures, each stage is provided with an independent electron beam for driving, an output signal of a front stage is directly fed into a rear stage to serve as input, and the output signal of the rear stage is directly fed into the slow wave sub-structures. In this way, step-by-step transmission and amplification of signals are achieved, high-efficiency sectional signal amplification is achieved, and the working bandwidth and output power of an original structure are not damaged while the interaction length of the slow wave structure is effectively shortened. In order to optimize the layout and reduce the structural size, the signal propagation directions of two adjacent stages are arranged in opposite directions, so that the output end of the front stage is directly aligned with the input end of the rear stage in space, and a compact folding topological structure is formed. Efficient signal transmission between stages is realized through the coupler and the waveguide, and the whole slow wave structure only reserves one input port and one output port, so that the integration level is remarkably improved, the manufacturing complexity is not increased, and meanwhile, the performance of an output signal is not deteriorated. And the electron beams are emitted along the signal transmission direction of each stage, so that the electron beams of two adjacent stages are arranged in a staggered manner in space.

Vacuum electron devices (VEDs) are produced having a plurality of two-dimensional layers of various materials that are bonded together to form one or more VEDs simultaneously. The two-dimensional material layers are machined to include features needed for device operation so that when assembled and bonded into a three-dimensional structure, three-dimensional features are formed. The two-dimensional layers are bonded together using brazing, diffusion bonding, assisted diffusion bonding, solid state bonding, cold welding, ultrasonic welding, and the like. The manufacturing process enables incorporation of metallic, magnetic, and ceramic materials required for VED fabrication while maintaining required positional accuracy and multiple devices per batch capability. The VEDs so produced include a combination of magnetic and electrostatic lenses for electron beam control.

The invention discloses a miniaturized periodic permanent magnet focusing metamaterial backward wave oscillator, which comprises a metamaterial slow wave structure, a coupling cavity, a periodic permanent magnet focusing system and a coaxial output interface, the metamaterial slow-wave structure comprises a waveguide shell, a periodic resonance structure and a first vacuum gap; the coupling cavity comprises a coupling cavity shell, a coupling cavity inner conductor and a second vacuum gap; the coupling cavity inner conductor is connected with the periodic resonance structure and the coaxial output interface; the periodic permanent magnet focusing system comprises a first permanent magnet focusing structure and a second permanent magnet focusing structure which are asymmetrically arranged up and down, and the metamaterial slow wave structure is arranged between the first permanent magnet focusing structure and the second permanent magnet focusing structure. According to the backward wave oscillator, the metamaterial slow wave structure and the periodic permanent magnet focusing system are arranged, and the coupled cavity is multiplexed as the collector, so that the size of the backward wave oscillator is reduced. And an asymmetric focusing magnetic field is generated through the asymmetrically arranged periodic permanent magnet focusing system, so that electron beams can perform energy exchange better.

The invention provides a slow wave structure, a terahertz traveling wave tube device and a communication device. According to the slow wave structure provided by the invention, the first sub slow wave structure and the second sub slow wave structure are ingeniously combined, so that the technical problem of insufficient output power in the prior art can be effectively solved. Specifically, the first sub-slow-wave structure performs cluster modulation on the electron beam through preset strong coupling impedance, so that the density and the modulation efficiency of the electron beam are improved; and the second slow wave sub-structure ensures that the electron beams subjected to cluster modulation can efficiently export microwave energy through the design of low transmission loss, so that the energy loss is obviously reduced. Through the innovative structural design, higher output power can be provided at a high frequency band, attenuation of microwave signals is effectively reduced, the overall performance of the system is improved, and the application requirements of high power and high efficiency are met.

The application discloses a broadband folded full-metal slow wave structure, which comprises a first grid body and a second grid body arranged in a central symmetry; the first grid body and the second grid body enclose an electron beam channel; the first grid body comprises a plurality of metal grids arranged at equal intervals along a direction of a traveling wave; a cross section of the metal grid along the direction of the traveling wave comprises a first rectangular section, a trapezoidal section and a second rectangular section connected in sequence; the first rectangular section is provided with an arc-shaped opening with an opening direction away from the trapezoidal section; the arc-shaped opening comprises a first opening and a second opening; a hollowed-out part of the first opening is a rectangular body, and a hollowed-out part of the second opening is a semi-cylindrical body. By setting the hollowed-out part of the first opening as the rectangular body and the hollowed-out part of the second opening as the semi-cylindrical body, a ring-shaped tip of the slow wave structure is prevented, the slow wave structure is easy to manufacture, the dispersion characteristic is improved to expand a bandwidth, high-frequency loss is reduced, and output power, gain, bandwidth and interaction efficiency of the traveling wave tube are improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of vacuum electronics, and discloses a large-radius spiral waveguide slow wave device (including a traveling wave tube and a backward wave tube). The high-frequency structure of the novel slow-wave device is a two-dimensional periodic slow-wave structure formed by spirally winding a rectangular waveguide along a large-radius cylindrical surface. The transverse size of an electron beam channel can be greatly increased by increasing the spiral radius, so that higher injection electron beam power (under the same current density) is provided, and the output power is greatly improved. Compared with an existing slow-wave device, the large-radius spiral waveguide slow-wave device has the advantages that the output power can be greatly improved (in magnitude), and the bottleneck that the power of an existing vacuum electronic slow-wave device is limited can be broken through.

The invention discloses a gyrotron high-frequency interaction structure formed by continuous curves, which is characterized in that the gyrotron high-frequency interaction structure is composed of a cut-off section, an interaction section and an output section of a cubic spline difference fitting curve structure, and the curve slope at the joint of the cut-off section and the interaction section and the curve slope at the joint of the interaction section and the output section are consistent. Through the high-frequency interaction structure, a higher harmonic working mode can be excited in a terahertz frequency band, and the output characteristics of high efficiency and wide bandwidth are achieved. Under the working condition of a high-order axial mode, the gyrotron has stable output power and linear frequency change in the frequency adjusting process, and the effective working bandwidth is remarkably improved. The problems of power fluctuation and frequency hopping of the gyrotron under the working condition of a high-order axial mode are effectively solved, so that an excellent output effect is obtained.

This invention discloses a slow-wave structure and circuit suitable for high-order modes, including a housing, an upper gate extending from the top wall to the bottom wall of the housing, and a lower gate extending from the bottom wall to the top wall of the housing. Multiple upper and lower gates are staggered, defining multiple periodic vacuum cavities. The upper and lower gates have different heights along the height direction of the slow-wave structure. An electron beam channel is formed between the upper and lower gates. This invention can suppress low-order mode competition and back-wave oscillations at low operating voltages, achieving stable operation in high-order modes and achieving high output power of 100W or more with low voltage.

Provided in the present application are a traveling-wave tube, a transmitter, an electronic device and a signal processing method. The traveling-wave tube comprises an input apparatus, an electron emission apparatus, a plurality of slow-wave structures and an output apparatus, wherein at least one transmission channel is formed in the plurality of slow-wave structures, and the number of transmission channels is less than the number of slow-wave structures; the input apparatus is used for receiving a plurality of radio-frequency signals and feeding the plurality of radio-frequency signals into the plurality of slow-wave structures; the electron emission apparatus is used for emitting an electron beam into the at least one transmission channel of the plurality of slow-wave structures; the plurality of slow-wave structures are used for respectively receiving the plurality of radio-frequency signals, and using the electron beam to respectively amplify the plurality of radio-frequency signals, so as to obtain a plurality of amplified radio-frequency signals; and the output apparatus is used for outputting the plurality of amplified radio-frequency signals. The present application can reduce the volume of a traveling-wave tube, thereby decreasing the cost of the traveling-wave tube.

A slow-wave structure, a traveling-wave tube, and a communication apparatus are provided. The slow-wave structure includes a tube housing, a slow-wave line, and a plurality of support portions. The slow-wave line and the plurality of support portions are all located inside the tube housing, and the tube housing, the slow-wave line, and the plurality of support portions are integrally connected. The plurality of support portions are sequentially spaced apart along the slow-wave line. One end of each support portion is connected to the tube housing, and the other end is connected to the slow-wave line. This application can address processing and assembly errors caused by a discrete design, and simplifies assembly, thereby shortening an overall production cycle of the traveling-wave tube, and improving yields and consistency of the traveling-wave tube.

The present application relates to the technical field of small magnetron microwave cavity, and discloses a passive hydrogen atom frequency standard small magnetron microwave cavity.The passive hydrogen atom frequency standard small magnetron microwave cavity comprises a cavity tube and four pole pieces, a sealed microwave resonant cavity is formed in the cavity tube, one coupling ring is arranged on each side of the side surface of the cavity tube, the two coupling rings are respectively used for input and output of microwave signals, the outer diameter of the cavity tube is 111mm, the inner diameter of the cavity tube is 105mm, and the height is 188.5mm; the pole piece is in an arc structure, four pole pieces are arranged in a ring in the sealed microwave resonant cavity, a connecting column is protrudingly arranged on the side of each pole piece away from the center of the plurality of pole pieces, the connecting column is connected to the side wall of the cavity tube, the annular inner diameter surrounded by the four pole pieces is 61.6mm, the annular outer diameter is 67.4mm, the height of the pole piece is 145mm, and the spacing between each adjacent two pole pieces is 3.8mm.The passive hydrogen atom frequency standard small magnetron microwave cavity is light in mass, small in size, and meets the magnetic field environment requirement of hydrogen atom transition of the passive hydrogen atom frequency standard.

According to one embodiment, a klystron includes a high-frequency interaction unit, a main magnet arranged in a ring shape around the high-frequency interaction unit, an output waveguide, an auxiliary magnet arranged in a ring shape opposing the output waveguide, an output unit for extracting high-frequency power from the output waveguide, and an output adjustment mechanism which adjusts the output of the high-frequency power extracted from the output unit by deforming the output waveguide. In the output adjustment mechanism, the output waveguide is deformed by engaging a distal end of a jig inserted from an outside of the auxiliary magnet via a jig insertion hole with an engagement member and pushing or pulling the engagement member.

This invention discloses a slow-wave structure and a traveling-wave tube loaded with a microwave absorbing metamaterial; in the field of microwave electronics; comprising: a closed metal cavity structure for transmitting electromagnetic waves, and a microwave absorbing metamaterial structure loaded on the wall of the closed metal cavity structure; the operating frequency band of the microwave absorbing metamaterial structure is the non-operating mode frequency band of the slow-wave structure; this solution is based on the traditional slow-wave structure and improves the structure by loading a microwave absorbing metamaterial in the non-operating mode frequency band into the slow-wave structure to filter out non-operating mode signals; the loading of the microwave absorbing metamaterial has no effect on the operating mode of the slow-wave structure, but absorbs the non-operating mode, achieving a filtering effect, thereby achieving the effect of suppressing mode competition.

The present invention relates to a multi-gap resonator and a method for designing the same. The resonator of the present invention comprises an electron beam channel, a first coupling cavity and a second coupling cavity symmetrically arranged with respect to the electron beam channel, and a plurality of gap cavities respectively communicating with the electron beam channel and the first and second coupling cavities, and at least one electric wall respectively arranged in the first and second coupling cavities, which electric wall causes at least one non-working mode of the resonator to be cut off. The method for designing the multi-gap resonator according to the present invention can reduce the non-working resonant modes and increase the mode separation; and due to the increased mode separation, it is possible to use more gap cavities to improve the characteristic impedance of the interaction mode. Thus, a multi-gap resonator with significantly improved characteristic impedance can be obtained.

This invention provides a folded waveguide slow-wave structure, a traveling wave tube, and a design method. The folded waveguide slow-wave structure includes multiple folded waveguide units of a periodic structure and an electron beam channel. Each folded waveguide unit includes a straight waveguide segment and a waveguide connection segment. In the direction from the electron beam channel towards the waveguide connection segment, adjacent straight waveguide segments are arranged obliquely and symmetrically. The angle formed by the axes of adjacent straight waveguide segments is α; 10°≤α≤60°. This folded waveguide slow-wave structure can reduce dispersion variation while maintaining a certain coupling impedance, effectively improving the device bandwidth.

The application discloses an improved trapezoidal line slow wave structure and a traveling wave tube. The slow wave structure comprises a straight waveguide section, the straight waveguide section comprises a first coupling groove, a second coupling groove and an electron beam channel located in the middle of the first coupling groove and the second coupling groove along the direction of the central axis of the straight waveguide section; the width of the first coupling groove and the second coupling groove alternately changes on two adjacent metal plates of the slow wave structure, the transmission path of electromagnetic waves in the slow wave structure is prolonged, the phase velocity of electromagnetic waves in the slow wave structure is reduced, and then the bandwidth is extended. The traveling wave tube comprises the improved trapezoidal line slow wave structure. The application has the advantages of easy processing, good heat dissipation, wider bandwidth, higher coupling impedance and lower ohmic loss in the terahertz wave band, and solves the problems of narrow bandwidth, lower coupling impedance and larger loss of the traditional trapezoidal line slow wave structure.

The embodiment of the invention provides a slow wave structure of a G-band dual-mode traveling wave tube, which is characterized by comprising a cathode, a first slow wave structure, an attenuator and a second slow wave structure, the cathode is a section of cylindrical structure, is positioned at the starting section of the first slow wave structure and is connected with the first slow wave structure; the first slow wave structure comprises a microwave input channel, a first electron beam channel and a first folded waveguide structure; the attenuator comprises an attenuation waveguide, a wave absorbing material structure and a drift channel, and the attenuator is connected with the first slow wave structure and the second slow wave structure; the second slow wave structure comprises a second folded waveguide structure, a second electron beam channel and a microwave output channel; wherein microwaves propagate in the folded waveguide structure. According to the invention, the power of the G-band dual-mode traveling wave tube is effectively improved, and the requirements of various different occasions on high-power traveling wave tube devices are met.

A radiation support system for radiation therapy includes a waveguide assembly. The waveguide assembly includes a waveguide (4400) extending along a first axis, a mode launcher (4402) extending along a second axis, the second axis being different than the first axis, and a resonant cavity twist (4401) coupling the waveguide to the mode launcher.

The invention discloses an all-metal slow-wave structure with a periodically slotted flat plate structure loaded with a rectangular waveguide, which is characterized in that a double-F-shaped slot structure is periodically etched on a metal flat plate, and the periodically slotted flat plate is embedded into the rectangular waveguide to form an all-metal slow-wave structure, so that a double-strip electron beam channel is formed. The structure greatly enhances the longitudinal field intensity at an electron beam channel, has higher coupling impedance than that of a conventional slow wave structure at the frequency band, keeps lower synchronous voltage, and can simultaneously realize synchronization of forward wave / backward wave regions. In addition, the structure also has the advantages of all-metal structure, open internal space, heat dissipation convenience, simple structure and easiness in processing. Therefore, the structure provided by the invention is particularly suitable for designing W-band traveling wave tube amplifiers or backward wave oscillators with relatively high interaction electron efficiency and output power.

A slow wave structure, a traveling wave tube and a communication device, the slow wave structure comprises a tube shell, a slow wave line and a plurality of support parts, the slow wave line and the plurality of support parts are located in the tube shell, and the tube shell, the slow wave line and the plurality of support parts are connected into a whole; the plurality of supporting parts are sequentially distributed at intervals along the slow wave line; one end of each supporting part is connected with the tube shell, and the other end is connected with the slow-wave line. According to the invention, processing and assembling errors caused by a split type design can be improved, and assembling is simplified, so that the overall production period of the traveling wave tube is shortened, and the yield and consistency of the traveling wave tube are improved.

A power module comprises a high frequency switching electronic power conditioner including stacked rectifier / filters, the stacked rectifier / filters generating stacked DC output voltages; and a vacuum electronic device coupled to the high frequency switching electronic power conditioner, the vacuum electronic device including components, each component receiving a respective DC output voltage of the stacked DC output voltages.

To provide a traveling wave tube and a method for manufacturing a traveling wave tube, which simplify the configuration.SOLUTION: A traveling wave tube includes an envelope having a plurality of spacers and a plurality of pole pieces alternately arranged with and joined to the plurality of spacers, and a helix arranged on the central axis of the envelope, and each pole piece has a plurality of notches on its outer circumferential surface.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

In an embodiment, an apparatus (100) is described. The apparatus is configured to generate electromagnetic radiation (102) comprising a frequency component in a frequency range of 10GHz to 10THz, the apparatus comprises an electron source (104) configured to produce an electron beam (106). The apparatus further comprises a magnetic field generator (108) configured to produce a magnetic field to condition and guide the electron beam within an interaction region where the electromagnetic radiation (102) is generated. The apparatus further comprises a waveguide (110) comprising a cylindrical structure. The cylindrical structure is coaxially aligned with the electron beam in the interaction region. An inner surface (216) of the cylindrical structure is configured to facilitate a Cherenkov interaction between the electron beam and an electromagnetic field excited and supported inside the waveguide to generate the electromagnetic radiation. The apparatus further comprises an output coupler (112) configured to output the electromagnetic radiation from the apparatus. The apparatus further comprises an electron beam collector (114) configured to collect the electron beam and recuperate energy from the electron beam after the interaction region.

A slow-wave structure, a traveling-wave tube, and a communication apparatus are provided. The slow-wave structure includes a tube housing, a slow-wave line, and a plurality of support portions. The slow-wave line and the plurality of support portions are all located inside the tube housing, and the tube housing, the slow-wave line, and the plurality of support portions are integrally connected. The plurality of support portions are sequentially spaced apart along the slow-wave line. One end of each support portion is connected to the tube housing, and the other end is connected to the slow-wave line.

An electromagnetic power source (100, Fig. 1), e.g. a cylindrical or co-axial cavity gyrotron, surface wave source, klystron or travelling wave tube, configured to generate microwave or terahertz power modes for heating plasma in a nuclear fusion reactor (300, Fig. 6) is described. The power source comprises an excitation cavity 108 configured to generate an electromagnetic power mode 112, wherein the excitation cavity comprises a first, inner layer 122 thermally coupled to a second, outer layer 124, wherein the first layer comprises electrically conducting metal, e.g. copper, silver or gold, and the second layer comprises diamond. The diamond of the second layer may be a metal composite diamond or may be formed by chemical vapour deposition (CVD). The second layer may, for example, comprise: a unitary structure; a plurality of coaxially stacked, hollow cylindrical or toroidal segments (130, Fig 8a); or a plurality of rectangular bars joined using a brazing or bonding material (123, Fig. 4).

The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave electronics and electric vacuum, and particularly relates to a groove loading folded waveguide slow-wave structure with a vertical electronic channel, which comprises a shell, a slow-wave structure is arranged in the shell, and the slow-wave structure is formed by connecting a series of arc bent waveguides and straight waveguides end to end. The waveguide is equivalent to a folded waveguide formed by bending a rectangular waveguide in a U shape; an expanding groove which penetrates through the straight waveguide part and is self-adaptive along with bending deformation is formed in the middle line of the folded waveguide wall, and the expanding groove of the straight waveguide part is communicated with the folded waveguide cavity to form an electron beam channel. According to the invention, the expansion groove and the folded waveguide are conformally arranged, so that the maximum expansion of the size of an electron beam channel is realized, the electron beam with larger size can be borne, and the working power is improved. A coupling impedance analysis result shows that the folded waveguide slow wave structure has higher coupling impedance and can effectively improve gain and output power.