1455results about How to "Simple circuit" patented technology

A charging control unit decides the number of battery cells on the basis of an output voltage of a battery pack, and an output voltage of a charging circuit is determined in accordance with the decided number of battery cells. Even though supply of an external power supply is detected, when a battery connection is not detected, the power supply circuit of the charging control unit is set in a stop state. In addition, when disconnection of the battery is detected, a canceling voltage for canceling a cutoff state caused by overdischarging of the battery is output. In a power supply device for a portable terminal, a capacitor electrically charged by an output voltage of main DC / DC converter is connected as an auxiliary power supply of a backup DC / DC converter to make exchange of the auxiliary battery unnecessary.

Roughly described, a phase-change memory such as a chalcogenide-based memory is programmed optically and read electrically. No complex electrical circuits are required for programming the cells. On the other hand, this memory can be read by electrical circuitry directly. The read out speed is much faster than for optical disks, and integrated circuit chips made this way are more compatible with other electrical circuits than are optical disks. Thus memories according to the invention can have simple, low power-consuming, electrical circuits, and do not require slow and power-hungry disk drives for reading. The invention therefore provides a unique low power, fast read / write memory with simple electrical circuits.

Devices, systems and methods are provided for stimulation of tissues and structures within a body of a patient. In particular, implantable leads are provided which are comprised of a flexible circuit. Typically, the flexible circuit includes an array of conductors bonded to a thin dielectric film. Example dielectric films include polyimide, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) or other biocompatible materials to name a few. Such leads are particularly suitable for stimulation of the spinal anatomy, more particularly suitable for stimulation of specific nerve anatomies, such as the dorsal root (optionally including the dorsal root ganglion).

A method of fabricating AlGaN / GaN enhancement-mode heterostructure field-effect transistors (HFET) using fluorine-based plasma immersion or ion implantation. The method includes: 1) generating gate patterns; 2) exposing the AlGaN / GaN heterostructure in the gate region to fluorine-based plasma treatment with photoresist as the treatment mask in a self-aligned manner; 3) depositing the gate metal to the plasma treated AlGaN / GaN heterostructure surface; 4) lifting off the metal except the gate electrode; and 5) high temperature post-gate annealing of the sample. This method can be used to shift the threshold voltage of a HFET toward a more positive value, and ultimately convert a depletion-mode HFET to an enhancement-mode HFET (E-HFET).

In a power factor corrected AC-to-DC power supply system, a DC-to-DC power converter is coupled to the output of an AC-to-DC power converter in order to produce a regulated DC output signal from a rectified AC input signal. The AC-to-DC power converter and the DC-to-DC power converter each includes a switch for controlling the operation of their respective power converter. The AC-to-DC converter includes an inductor. The system provides power factor correction for minimizing harmonic distortion by including a controller that receives the regulated DC output voltage as a feedback signal, and in response, produces a series of drive pulses having predetermined constant duty cycle. These pulses are simultaneously fed to each switch, to operate the respective converters alternately between ON and OFF states. When the AC-to-DC converter is driven by a fixed duty cycle of the series of pulses, power factor correction is improved since the current flowing through the inductor is substantially proportional to the waveform of the rectified AC input signal. By preselecting the value of the inductor, the AC-to-DC converter is operable in a discontinuous mode when the instantaneous rectified AC input signal is low and in a continuous mode when the instantaneous rectified AC input signal is high.

Methods and apparatus for allocating acknowledgement channels in a communication network. A linking scheme is established between indices of a plurality of physical hybrid automatic repeat-request indicator channels (PHICHs), and a combination of indices of control channel elements (CCEs) or indices of physical resource blocks (PRBs) and indices of demodulation reference signals (DMRSs). A base station (BS) transmits a scheduling grant to a unit of user equipment (UE) by using a plurality of CCEs. In response to receiving a data packet and a DMRS from the UE, the BS determines an index of a PHICH within the plurality of PHICHs in dependence upon at least one index of the CCEs used to transmit the scheduling grant or at least one index of the PRBs used to transmit the data packet, and an index of the transmitted DMRS in accordance with the linking scheme established. Finally, the BS transmits an acknowledgement signal to the UE by using the PHICH indicated by the determined index.

An external defibrillator with an output circuit having four legs arrayed in the form of an “H” (an “H-bridge”) is disclosed. The output circuit is designed to be able to conduct a range of defibrillation pulse energies, from below 50 joules to above 200 joules. Each leg of the output circuit contains a solid-state switch. By selectively switching on pairs of switches in the H-bridge, a biphasic defibrillation pulse may be applied to a patient. The switches in three of the legs of the H-bridge output circuit are preferably SCR switches, while the fourth leg includes an IGBT switch. In one embodiment, a single power switch is utilized in each of the legs of the H-bridge output circuit, and are included in a single integrated module or package. The use of single semiconductor switches in an integrated surface mountable module or package simplifies the assembly and manufacturing of the defibrillator device. The use of a single IGBT in a leg of the H-bridge (as opposed to two or more IGBTs in series) also greatly simplifies the drive circuitry required to turn on and off the IGBT.

A method for and devices utilizing monolithic integration of enhancement-mode and depletion-mode AlGaN / GaN heterojunction field-effect transistors (HFETs) is disclosed. Source and drain ohmic contacts of HFETs are first defined. Gate electrodes of the depletion-mode HFETs are then defined. Gate electrodes of the enhancement-mode HFETs are then defined using fluoride-based plasma treatment and high temperature post-gate annealing of the sample. Device isolation is achieved by either mesa etching or fluoride-based plasma treatment. This method provides a complete planar process for GaN-based integrated circuits favored in high-density and high-speed applications.

In preferred embodiments, a system including a transmitter, a receiver, and a serial link, in which the transmitter is configured to transmit video data, embedded-clock auxiliary data (or auxiliary data derived from embedded-clock auxiliary data), and a video clock over the link to the receiver. The transmitter is configured to extract a sample clock from the auxiliary data without use of a phase-locked loop, and to generate time stamp data in response to the sample clock and the video clock. Typically, the auxiliary data are SPDIF (or other) audio data, and the sample clock changes state in response to codes that occur periodically in the audio data. Other aspects of the invention are a transmitter for use in such a system, a time stamp data generation circuit for use in such a transmitter, and a method for generating time stamp data in response to a stream of embedded-clock auxiliary data and a video clock.

A charging circuit for a secondary battery includes a constant-voltage circuit part outputting one of a plurality of predetermined constant voltages and charges the secondary battery by applying the constant voltage thereto, a detection circuit part detecting a battery voltage of the secondary battery, and a control circuit part controlling the selection of the constant-voltage in response to the detected battery voltage. Another charging circuit includes a constant-current circuit part outputting, to the secondary battery, one of two predetermined constant currents, a constant-voltage circuit part charging the secondary battery by applying a predetermined constant voltage thereto, a battery voltage detection circuit part detecting a battery voltage of the secondary battery, a charge current detection circuit part outputting a predetermined charge completion signal, and a charge control circuit part stopping operations of the constant-current circuit part and constant-voltage circuit part when receiving the charge completion signal.

A clock multiplier capable of modulating the duty cycle of the output clock comprises a first clock multiplication circuit, an inverter, a first low pass filter, a second low pass filter and an amplifier, the first multiplication clock being operative to multiply the frequency of an input clock, the inverter being operative to invert the input clock, the first low pass filter receiving the output clock of the inverter for being charged or discharged, the second low pass filter receiving the output clock of the first clock multiplication circuit for being charged or discharged, the amplifier being operative to compare the output voltages of the first low pass filter and the second low pass filter to perform a feedback control, so as to modulate the duty cycle of the output clock of the first multiplication clock to approach 50%.

The present invention provides a high-intensity LED as a light source for use in hands-free illumination devices. In one embodiment, one or more high-intensity LEDs are incorporated in, or added to, headgear, such as an aircraft headset. The LEDs may be powered by a battery, an external power source, or both. Also provided is a kit and method of installation for retrofitting existing headgear with LEDs.

A high speed modem is provided which targets the use of a selectable, desirable portion of the total available bandwidth of a channel for achieving a data rate which nevertheless far exceeds that of conventional voice-band modems. In a preferred embodiment, the invention is implemented in an Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Loop (ADSL), and the nominal data rate is achieved using an analog front end (AFE) with subband filtering which causes an upstream transceiver to use only a selected number of available sub-channels for downstream data transmission and allows slower sampling rate for the AFE. The data rate of the modem is increased in a multiplicative fashion through modular expansion of a bank of AFEs to increase the number of transmitted downstream sub-channels.

A light-sensitive (i.e., touch-sensitive) display device that requires less circuitry than the currently available light-sensitive display devices is presented. Unlike the currently available devices, which require at least two switching elements and a capacitor to implement a photosensitive switch, the invention only requires one switching element. The device of the invention includes a substrate with a plurality of scan lines, a plurality of read-out lines, a power line, and an array of photosensitive switches formed thereon. The scan lines and the read-out lines extend in directions that are substantially perpendicular to each other, forming pixels. One photosensitive switch is formed in each pixel, and each photosensitive switch has one light-sensitive transistor. The transistor connects the power line to one of the read-out lines in response to sensing incident light.

A method of fabricating AlGaN / GaN enhancement-mode heterostructure field-effect transistors (HFET) using fluorine-based plasma immersion or ion implantation. The method includes: 1) generating gate patterns; 2) exposing the AlGaN / GaN heterostructure in the gate region to fluorine-based plasma treatment with photoresist as the treatment mask in a self-aligned manner; 3) depositing the gate metal to the plasma treated AlGaN / GaN heterostructure surface; 4) lifting off the metal except the gate electrode; and 5) high temperature post-gate annealing of the sample. This method can be used to shift the threshold voltage of a HFET toward a more positive value, and ultimately convert a depletion-mode HFET to an enhancement-mode HFET (E-HFET).

An inverter is devised to avoid high-frequency voltages at input terminals and to allow good efficiency thanks to its simple and cost-optimized circuit layout. This is achieved by a method of converting a direct current voltage, more specifically from a photovoltaic source of direct current voltage, into an alternating current voltage at a frequency through a bridge circuit comprising switching elements (V1-V4) and free-wheeling elements (D1-D4), said switching elements (V1-V4) being on the one side gated at the frequency and on the other side clocked at a high clock rate, a direct current voltage circuit, an alternating current voltage circuit and a plurality of free-wheeling phases being provided. It is provided that, during the free-wheeling phases, the alternating current voltage circuit is decoupled from the direct current voltage circuit by means of a switching element disposed in the direct current voltage circuit, a free-wheeling current flowing through one of the free-wheeling elements (D1) in the bridge circuit when in the decoupled state.

A light adapted to be attached to an article of clothing, comprising a power supply casing, an illuminator casing, having therein an illuminator adapted to emit a beam of light when electrically powered, said power supply casing and illuminator casing being attachable and detachable to the article of clothing through an aperture by means of at least one extension, said at least one extension providing mechanical interconnection and a clamping force between said internal casing and a clamp to retain the article of clothing therebetween.

A high speed modem is provided which uses a selectable, desirable portion of the total available bandwidth of a transmission channel. In a preferred embodiment, the invention is incorporated in a dedicated hardware circuit which is connected on one end to a data processor and on the other end to an upstream transceiver through a channel supporting an Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Loop (ADSL) standard. The achievable target data rate of the modem is based on the capabilities of an analog front end (AFE) used in the modem, and a signal processor within the dedicated hardware. In particular, the modem AFE contains subband filtering which causes an upstream transceiver to use only a selected number of available sub-channels for downstream data transmission. The data rate of the modem is increased by upgrading the AFE or the signal processor in order to increase the number of processable transmitted downstream sub-channels.

A wireless chargeable game device of the present invention comprises a body and a charging device. A transmitting circuit of wireless charging is provided in a case of the charging device, and a receiving circuit of wireless charging is provided in a case of the body. While charging, the transmitting circuit of the charging device is connected to the receiving circuit of the body by electromagnetic coupling. The wireless chargeable game device of the present invention is charged wireless to make the charging process easy and convenient thereby improving the entertainment experience of people using the game device, and making the charging structure completely waterproof and dustproof to improve the service life. A series resonant circuit is driven by a fixed frequency generated by a single chip microcomputer for saving a frequency adjustment circuit so as to simplify the circuit and save the cost. (FIG. 1)

Diagnostic tools for testing integrated circuit (IC) devices, and a method of making the same. The first diagnostic tool includes a first compliant printed circuit with a plurality of contact pads configured to form an electrical interconnect at a first interface between proximal ends of contact members in the socket and contact pads on a printed circuit board (PCB). A plurality of printed conductive traces electrically couple to a plurality of the contact pads on the first compliant printed circuit. A plurality of electrical devices are printed on the first compliant printed circuit at a location external to the first interface. The electrical devices are electrically coupled to the conductive traces and programmed to provide one or more of continuity testing at the first interface or functionality of the IC devices. A second diagnostic tool includes a second compliant printed circuit electrically coupled to a surrogate IC device.

A switched fabric, instead of a shared bus, establishes a data transfer path between a host device and a storage device. The host device accesses data stored on the storage device, but with data transfer speed and bandwidth advantages of a switched fabric architecture over a shared bus architecture. The components of a switch in the switched fabric are integrated together in a single integrated circuit, so as to have about the same size and cost as the prior art shared bus architecture. Additional storage devices and / or host devices may be connected to the switch and data transfer paths established between any host device and any storage device, but not between two storage devices. Another switch may be connected between host and storage devices to form redundant data transfer paths therebetween.

An imaging device for radiation imaging is an array of image cells. The array of image cells consists of an array of detector cells and an array of image cell circuits. Each detector cell is connected to the corresponding cell in the array of image cell circuits. Each individual cell in the detector cell array generates a charge based on the radiation that hits the cell. Each cell in the array of image cell circuits accumulates the charge on a storage capacitor. The storage capacitor can be, for example, the gate of a transistor. Single cells in the array of image cells can be grouped together to form larger area super cells. The size of the super cell can be controlled by control signals, which select the operating mode. The output from a cell, a single cell or a super cell, is read out in current mode and is scaled according to the size of the cell. Several modes can be implemented in the imaging device. Also, an imaging system for larger area radiation imaging can be implemented by connecting several imaging devices together in form of a two-dimensional array.

A computing system as described in which individual instructions are executable in parallel by processing pipelines, and instructions to be executed in parallel by different pipelines are supplied to the pipelines simultaneously. The system includes storage for storing an arbitrary number of the instructions to be executed. The instructions to be executed are tagged with pipeline identification tags indicative of the pipeline to which they should be dispatched. The pipeline identification tags are supplied to a system which controls a crossbar switch, enabling the tags to be used to control the switch and supply the appropriate instructions simultaneously to the differing pipelines.

A dual-band, dual-orthogonally-polarized antenna element includes a dielectric substrate having a conductor layer that includes a square ring slot and a shorted square ring, with each having a pair of orthogonal feed points. The shorted square ring is fed with coaxial probe feeds, while the square ring slot feeds striplines terminated in open-circuited stubs for coupling energy to each pair of orthogonal feed points. The first and second stripline feeds are not coplanar in order that each stub terminates past a center point of the element. The square ring slot operates as a high frequency band radiator and the shorted square ring operates as a low frequency band radiator, and both bands radiate substantially simultaneous dual-orthogonally-polarized modes. The modes can be any combination of dual-Circular Polarization (CP) and dual-Linear Polarization (LP), depending on the geometry of the radiators.

A system and method for analyzing a particle in a sample stream of a flow cytometer or the like. The system has a light source, such as a laser pointer module, for generating a low powered light beam and a fluidics apparatus which is configured to transport particles in the sample stream at substantially low velocity through the light beam for interrogation. Detectors, such as photomultiplier tubes, are configured to detect optical signals generated in response to the light beam impinging the particles. Signal conditioning circuitry is connected to each of the detectors to condition each detector output into electronic signals for processing and is designed to have a limited frequency response to filter high frequency noise from the detector output signals.

An imaging device for radiation imaging is an array of image cells. The array of image cells consists of an array of detector cells and an array of image cell circuits. Each detector cell is connected to the corresponding cell in the array of image cell circuits. Each individual cell in the detector cell array generates a charge based on the radiation that hits the cell. Each cell in the array of image cell circuits accumulates the charge on a storage capacitor. The storage capacitor can be, for example, the gate of a transistor. Single cells in the array of image cells can be grouped together to form larger area super cells. The size of the super cell can be controlled by control signals, which select the operating mode. The output from a cell, a single cell or a super cell, is read out in current mode and is scaled according to the size of the cell. The read out line is pre-charged prior to read out to reduce the effect of parasitic capacitance in the read out line. Several modes can be implemented in the imaging device. Also, an imaging system for larger area radiation imaging can be implemented by connecting several imaging devices together in form of a two-dimensional array.