A shovel device and method for harvesting tidal flat shellfish

Abstract

The present invention discloses a mudflat shellfish harvesting screening shovel device and a harvesting method, wherein the mudflat shellfish harvesting screening shovel device includes a supporting frame, a vibrating screen shovel assembly, a first spiral rotating roller brush, a vibration drive device, a soil-breaking air knife and an air supply device, the vibrating screen shovel assembly includes a first screen frame, screen bars and an earth-entering shovel head; the first spiral rotating roller brush can be rotatably installed inside the supporting frame; the vibration drive device is used to drive the first screen frame to vibrate; the soil-breaking air knife is used to intermittently break the soil and pre-loosen the unharvested mudflat bottom; the air supply device can supply an air source; in the present invention, during the harvesting operation, the soil-breaking air knife can discharge high-pressure gas at intervals and intermittently break the soil and pre-loosen the unharvested mudflat bottom. At this time, the vibration drive device drives the first screen frame to vibrate, and the first screen frame and a plurality of screen bars screen the mudflat bottom. The soil-breaking and pre-loose bottom can reduce the resistance of the first screen frame, thereby improving the overall screening efficiency, and thus improving the harvesting efficiency of the overall equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of mudflat shellfish harvesting equipment, and in particular relates to a mudflat shellfish harvesting screening shovel device and a harvesting method. Background Art

[0002] Shellfish aquaculture is a leading sector in China's fisheries industry, making a significant contribution to the development of the country's fishery economy. As one of the main commercial shellfish species, the four-cornered clam boasts a large cultivation area and high yields. However, the mudflats, the primary habitat of four-cornered clams, present a very challenging harvesting environment. Harvesting is a crucial step in the four-cornered clam aquaculture process, and factors such as harvesting methods, efficiency, cost, and effectiveness directly impact the yield and profitability of clam aquaculture.

[0003] At present, the Chinese utility model patent publication number applied for by this team in the early stage is CN218389436U, which discloses a mudflat shellfish harvesting device with a brush and a screen working together. The mudflat shellfish harvesting device is composed of two vibrating screens. Two sets of eccentric devices respectively drive two screening frames to perform vibrating screening actions, which can not only separate shellfish, but also allow the shellfish on the bottom of the screening frame to be thrown backwards, thereby realizing the harvesting of shellfish. In addition, this team also applied for a Chinese utility model patent with publication number CN221329915U in the early stage, which disclosed a combine harvester for harvesting four-cornered clams on mudflats, including a harvesting mechanism and a crawler traveling mechanism for harvesting four-cornered clams. The harvesting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the crawler traveling mechanism. The harvesting mechanism in the combine harvester is the mudflat shellfish harvesting device with brush and screen coordinated operation in publication number CN218389436U. The crawler traveling mechanism can drive the harvesting mechanism to harvest the four-cornered clams in the mudflat bottom. However, during the harvesting process, because the harvesting shovel needs to penetrate into the position where the mudflat bottom is 50-100 mm thick, the resistance between the harvesting shovel and the mudflat bottom is large, resulting in low efficiency of the overall screening process, which seriously affects the harvesting efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mudflat shellfish harvesting screening shovel device and a harvesting method, aiming to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a mudflat shellfish harvesting screening shovel device, comprising:

[0007] Support frame;

[0008] A vibrating screen shovel assembly comprises a first screen frame, a plurality of screen bars, and a plurality of earth-entering shovel heads, wherein the first screen frame is rotatably mounted to the bottom of the support frame, the plurality of earth-entering shovel heads are spaced apart and mounted on a first end of the first screen frame, and the plurality of screen bars are spaced apart and mounted on the first screen frame;

[0009] a first spiral rotating roller brush, rotatably mounted inside the support frame, and located on top of the plurality of screen bars, for transferring, cutting, and evacuating mudflat substrate and shellfish onto the plurality of screen bars;

[0010] a vibration driving device, drivingly connected to the first screen frame, for driving the first screen frame to vibrate, so as to achieve vibration screening of the screen bars;

[0011] a soil-breaking air knife, mounted to the bottom of the first end of the first screen frame, for discharging high-pressure gas at intervals and performing intermittent soil-breaking and pre-loosening on the unharvested mudflat substrate to reduce the resistance of the first screen frame;

[0012] The air supply device is connected to the air supply end of the soil-breaking air knife and is used for intermittently supplying the compressed air required for the soil-breaking air knife to break the soil.

[0013] In a possible embodiment, a mounting plate is provided at the first end of the first screen frame, and the soil-breaking air knife is mounted to the bottom of the mounting plate;

[0014] A soil-breaking air supply cavity is provided inside the assembly plate, and a mounting interface for mounting the soil-breaking air knife is provided at the bottom of the assembly plate. The mounting interface is communicated with the soil-breaking air supply cavity, and the air supply end of the soil-breaking air knife is plugged into the mounting interface;

[0015] An air supply interface 1 connected to the ground-breaking air supply cavity is fixedly mounted on one side of the assembly plate. The air supply interface 1 is connected to the air supply device and is used to supply ground-breaking compressed air to the ground-breaking air knife.

[0016] In a possible embodiment, a plurality of screen bar installation grooves are formed on one side surface of the assembly plate along the length direction, and the first end of each screen bar is inserted into the screen bar installation groove;

[0017] The bottom of each of the sieve bars is equipped with an air blowing nozzle, which can continuously output gas between the gaps formed by the broken mudflat substrate, so that the gas fills the gaps of the broken mudflat substrate to ensure the looseness of the mudflat substrate after breaking the soil;

[0018] An air supply cavity 1 of a blowing nozzle is provided inside each of the screen bars, and an inlet end of the blowing nozzle is connected to the air supply cavity 1 of the blowing nozzle;

[0019] The interior of the assembly plate is provided with a second air supply cavity for a blowing nozzle, and the second air supply cavity for the blowing nozzle is connected to several of the screen bar mounting grooves; a second air supply interface connected to the second air supply cavity for the blowing nozzle is fixedly installed on one side of the assembly plate, and the second air supply interface is connected to the air supply device, and is used to discharge the continuously output gas along the second air supply cavity for the blowing nozzle, the screen bar mounting groove, the first air supply cavity for the blowing nozzle and the blowing nozzle.

[0020] In a possible embodiment, a mounting cover is fixedly mounted on the second end of each screen bar, and a rotating screen bar is sealingly and rotatably mounted inside the mounting cover, and the rotating screen bar can rotate intermittently;

[0021] A rotating screen bar air supply cavity is provided inside the assembly plate, and the rotating screen bar air supply cavity is located on one side of the blowing nozzle air supply cavity 2. An air supply interface 3 connected to the rotating screen bar air supply cavity is fixedly installed on one side of the assembly plate, and the air supply interface 3 is connected to the air supply device;

[0022] The rotating screen bar air supply cavity is connected to a plurality of ventilation pipes, each of which passes through the second air supply cavity of the blowing nozzle, the screen bar installation groove and the inner cavity of the screen bar and extends into the installation cover;

[0023] The first end of the rotating screen bar is provided with a nozzle, and the nozzle is rotatably mounted in the mounting cover through a bearing seal. The interior of the rotating screen bar is hollow, and the nozzle is communicated with the inner cavity of the rotating screen bar;

[0024] The inner cavity of the rotating screen bar is fixedly connected to a spiral blade, and the second end of the rotating screen bar is installed with an air release one-way valve. The gas output from the ventilation pipe interval can flow along the spiral direction of the spiral blade and be discharged from the air release one-way valve, which can drive the spiral blade and the rotating screen bar to rotate relative to the screen bar, so as to realize vibration-rotation linkage screening of shellfish and bottom sediment.

[0025] In a possible embodiment, the plurality of rotating screen bars are arranged in pairs, and the spiral directions of the two spiral blades in the two pairs of rotating screen bars are arranged in opposite directions;

[0026] When the gas in the ventilation pipe flows out along the spiral direction of the spiral blade, the two rotating screen bars can be rotated in opposite directions to achieve vibration-rotation linkage screening of shellfish and bottom sediment.

[0027] In a possible embodiment, a longitudinal support plate is fixedly connected to the interior of the first screen frame, and a plurality of the screen bars are installed at intervals on the top surface of the support plate;

[0028] Several rotating screen bars are located on one side of the support plate, and a partition plate is provided between the rotating screen bars arranged in pairs. One end of the partition plate is fixedly connected to the support plate, and the partition plate is used to separate the rotating screen bars arranged in pairs. The shellfish and block bottom matter screened out by the screen bars for the first time can enter between the rotating screen bars arranged in pairs under the vibration of the first screen frame for a second vibration-rotation linkage screening.

[0029] In a possible embodiment, a second vibrating screen is provided on one side of the bottom of the first screen frame, the second vibrating screen is rotated into the supporting frame, and the second vibrating screen is mounted on the bottom of the first screen frame;

[0030] A second spiral rotating brush is rotatably installed in the support frame. The second spiral rotating brush is located on the top of the second vibrating screen and is used to transfer, cut and evacuate the shellfish and bulk substrate after the second vibration-rotation linkage screening to the second vibrating screen;

[0031] The vibration drive device is connected to the second vibration screen in a transmission manner and is used to drive the second vibration screen to vibrate, so as to achieve a third vibration screening of shellfish and blocky bottom matter after the second vibration-rotation linkage screening.

[0032] In a possible embodiment, a thread groove arranged along the length direction is provided on the outer peripheral surface of each of the rotating screen bars. When the two rotating screen bars arranged in pairs rotate in opposite directions, they are used to drive the blocky bottom matter and shellfish to move up and be screened along the direction of the thread groove.

[0033] In a possible embodiment, a plurality of inclined slots are provided on the outer peripheral surface of each of the rotating screen bars, and the openings of the plurality of inclined slots are toward the second end of the rotating screen bar. When the ventilation pipe supplies air to the inner cavity of the rotating screen bar to drive the rotating screen bar to rotate at intervals, the air flow can be discharged along the inclined slots to push the blocky bottom matter and shellfish located between the two paired rotating screen bars to move up along the length direction of the rotating screen bar and be screened.

[0034] In a possible embodiment, the air supply device includes a high-pressure air pump and a high-pressure air tank 1, the high-pressure air pump is connected to the high-pressure air tank 1 through a pipeline, and is used to supply air to the high-pressure air tank 1, the output end of the high-pressure air tank 1 is connected to a pulse solenoid valve through a pipeline, the output end of the pulse solenoid valve is installed with a conversion joint, and the air inlet of the air supply interface 1 is connected to the conversion joint through a connecting pipeline 1, and is used to intermittently provide high-pressure airflow to the earth-breaking air knife;

[0035] The air inlet of the air supply interface three is connected to the conversion joint through the connecting pipe two. The connecting pipe two is equipped with a pressure relief valve for intermittently providing low-pressure airflow to the inner cavity of the rotating screen bars so that several of the rotating screen bars can intermittently rotate and screen.

[0036] In a possible embodiment, the gas supply device further includes a second high-pressure gas tank, and the high-pressure gas pump is connected to the second high-pressure gas tank through a pipeline, for supplying gas to the second high-pressure gas tank;

[0037] The air inlet of the air supply interface 2 is connected to the air outlet of the high-pressure gas tank 2 through a connecting pipe 3. A multi-stage pressure relief valve assembly is installed on the connecting pipe 3 to continuously output low-pressure airflow to the blowing nozzle.

[0038] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a method for harvesting shellfish from a mudflat, the method comprising the mudflat shellfish harvesting screening shovel device provided in the first aspect above; wherein the harvesting method comprises the following steps:

[0039] S1. Installing the mudflat shellfish harvesting and screening shovel device on the travel drive device, and driving the mudflat shellfish harvesting and screening shovel device to move based on the travel drive device;

[0040] S2. Adjust the height of the first screen frame so that several shovel heads are buried in the mudflat substrate to a depth of 30-100 mm;

[0041] S3, the air supply device drives the soil-breaking air knife to start at intervals, breaking and pre-loosening the unharvested mudflat bottom material in front of the shovel head, and the first spiral rotating roller brush transfers, cuts, and evacuates the pre-loose mudflat bottom material and shellfish onto a plurality of screen bars;

[0042] S4, the blowing nozzle continuously outputs gas between the gaps formed by the pre-loose mudflat substrate, so that the gas fills the gaps in the mudflat substrate, so that the mudflat substrate continues to be loose after breaking the soil. At the same time, a number of screen bars vibrate and screen the substrate and shellfish, and the smaller block substrate and juvenile shellfish fall back to the surface of the mudflat, and the block substrate and shellfish are vibrated onto the rotating screen bars in pairs;

[0043] S5, the air supply device drives the paired rotating screen bars to rotate in opposite directions and start at intervals, and the shellfish and bottom sediment between the paired rotating screen bars undergo a second vibration-rotation linkage screening;

[0044] S6. During the rotation of the second spiral rotating brush, the shellfish and the bulk bottom material after the second vibration-rotation linkage screening are transferred, cut and evacuated to the second vibrating screen. The second vibrating screen will perform a third vibration screening on the shellfish and the bulk bottom material after the second vibration-rotation linkage screening, and transport the adult shellfish to the tail of the second vibrating screen to obtain the shellfish harvest.

[0045] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0046] In the present invention, during the harvesting operation, the soil-breaking air knife can discharge high-pressure gas at intervals and perform intermittent soil breaking and pre-loosening of the unharvested mudflat bottom. At this time, the vibration drive device drives the first screen frame to vibrate, and the first screen frame and a plurality of screen bars screen the mudflat bottom. The soil-breaking and pre-loosening bottom can reduce the resistance of the first screen frame, thereby improving the overall screening efficiency and further improving the harvesting efficiency of the overall equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the first screen frame and the second vibrating screen in the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vibrating screen shovel assembly of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged schematic diagram at A in the middle;

[0051] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the split screen bars and the rotating screen bars in the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the rotational orientation of two pairs of rotating screen bars in the present invention;

[0053] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the gas supply pipeline of the gas supply device of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 8 It is a front view of two pairs of rotating screen bars in the present invention.

[0055] Markings in the figure:

[0056] 1. Support frame; 100. Vibration drive device;

[0057] 2. Vibrating screen shovel assembly; 201. First screen frame; 202. Screen bars; 203. Earth-entering shovel head; 204. Second vibrating screen;

[0058] 200, first spiral rotating roller brush;

[0059] 3. Soil-breaking air knife; 4. Assembly plate; 5. Soil-breaking air supply chamber; 6. Air supply interface 1; 7. Screen bar installation slot; 8. Air blowing nozzle; 9. Air supply chamber 1 for air blowing nozzle; 10. Air supply chamber 2 for air blowing nozzle; 11. Air supply interface 2; 12. Installation cover; 13. Rotating screen bars; 14. Rotating screen bar air supply chamber; 15. Ventilation pipe; 16. Connecting nozzle; 17. Air supply interface 3; 18. Spiral blade; 19. Air release check valve; 20. Support plate; 21. Spacer plate; 22. Second spiral rotating roller brush; 23. High-pressure air pump; 24. High-pressure gas tank 1; 25. Pulse solenoid valve; 26. Conversion joint; 27. Connecting pipeline 1; 28. Connecting pipeline 2; 29. ​​Pressure relief valve; 30. High-pressure gas tank 2; 31. Connecting pipeline 3; 32. Threaded groove; 33. Bevel notch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, the implementation methods of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0061] use Figure 1 . Figure 1 The following is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. A mudflat shellfish harvesting sieve shovel device is described. This mudflat shellfish harvesting sieve shovel device can be used to harvest shells, such as clams, Manila clams, and other shellfish. Alternatively, this mudflat shellfish harvesting sieve shovel device can also be used to harvest tuber crops buried in the substrate, such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, peanuts, and other crops. The following description only covers shellfish harvesting conditions and scenarios; other types of harvesting conditions are not described in detail.

[0062] This mudflat shellfish harvesting sieve shovel device can be installed in a combined harvester for clams on mudflats, as disclosed in patent CN221329915U, to achieve combined shellfish harvesting. Furthermore, this mudflat shellfish harvesting sieve shovel device is a further improvement of patent publication number CN218389436U, sharing similarities in structure and principles. If the following description of the structure and principles is unclear, please refer to the structure and principles in patent CN218389436U for details.

[0063] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the overall structure of the mudflat shellfish harvesting screening shovel device is described. Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention. Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the first screen frame 201 and the second vibrating screen 204 in the present invention. Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vibrating screen shovel assembly 2 in the present invention.

[0064] The mudflat shellfish harvesting screening shovel device comprises a support frame 1, a vibrating screening shovel assembly 2, a first spiral rotating roller brush 200, a vibration driving device 100, a soil-breaking air knife 3 and an air supply device, wherein:

[0065] The support frame 1 includes two connecting plates and a support rod body that are spaced apart. The two ends of the support rod body are fixedly mounted to the top of the two connecting plates to form a frame structure with a specific accommodating space, which can be used to install the vibrating screen shovel assembly 2, the first spiral rotating roller brush 200 and other components.

[0066] The vibrating screen shovel assembly 2 is mounted to the first end of the support frame 1 and is used for the initial screening of mudflat substrate and shellfish. The vibrating screen shovel assembly 2 comprises a first screen frame 201, a plurality of screen bars 202, and a plurality of shovel heads 203. The first screen frame 201 can be rotatably mounted to the bottom of the support frame 1. The specific structure and principle of the rotatable mounting can be found in patent CN218389436U.

[0067] A plurality of shovel heads 203 are installed at intervals on the first end of the first screen frame 201, and a plurality of screen bars 202 are installed at intervals on the first screen frame 201. When the position of the vibrating screen shovel assembly 2 is adjusted to move downward, the shovel heads 203 can be buried in a position where the mudflat bottom is 50-100 mm thick.

[0068] The first spiral rotating roller brush 200 can be rotatably installed inside the supporting frame 1, and the first spiral rotating roller brush 200 is located on the top of several screen bars 202. Drive wheels are installed at both ends of the first spiral rotating roller brush 200, and the drive wheel chain is driven by a drive motor. The first spiral rotating roller brush 200 can be automatically rotated and is used to transport, cut and evacuate the mudflat bottom and shellfish to several screen bars 202.

[0069] The vibration drive device 100 is transmission-connected to the first screen frame 201 and is used to drive the first screen frame 201 to vibrate, thereby achieving vibratory screening of the screen bars 202. The vibration drive device 100 includes a drive motor and a crank-connecting rod mechanism 1. The drive motor drives the connecting rod in the crank-connecting rod mechanism 1 to move back and forth, and the connecting rod drives the first screen frame 201 to vibrate. The connection structure and working principle between the vibration drive device 100 and the first screen frame 201 can be found in patent CN218389436U for details.

[0070] The soil-breaking air knife 3 is mounted to the bottom of the first end of the first screen frame 201. When the mudflat shellfish harvesting sieve shovel is harvesting, the soil-breaking air knife 3 is located at the front end and buried in the mudflat substrate. Regarding the specific structure of the soil-breaking air knife 3, the air outlet of the soil-breaking air knife 3 is equipped with a one-way valve to allow the high-pressure gas to be discharged in one direction, preventing the mud in the mudflat substrate from clogging the soil-breaking air knife 3.

[0071] The air supply device is connected to the air supply end of the soil-breaking air knife 3 and is used for intermittently supplying the compressed air required for the soil-breaking air knife 3 to break the soil.

[0072] In this embodiment, during the harvesting operation, the soil-breaking air knife 3 and several earth-entering shovel heads 203 are buried in the mudflat bottom. When the soil-breaking air knife 3 is started, the high-pressure gas can be discharged at intervals, and the unharvested mudflat bottom can be pre-loosened at intervals. The length of the interval can be pre-set according to the travel speed; at this time, the vibration drive device 100 drives the first screen frame 201 to vibrate, and the first screen frame 201 and several screen bars 202 screen the mudflat bottom. The soil-breaking pre-loosened bottom can reduce the resistance of the first screen frame 201, thereby improving the overall screening efficiency, and then improving the harvesting efficiency of the overall equipment.

[0073] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 shown. Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 In order to achieve the purpose of installing the soil-breaking air knife 3 on the first screen frame 201, a mounting plate 4 is provided at the first end of the first screen frame 201, and the soil-breaking air knife 3 is mounted to the bottom of the mounting plate 4.

[0074] In order to supply air to the ground-breaking air knife 3, an air supply structure for the ground-breaking air knife 3 is integrated on the assembly plate 4. Specifically, a ground-breaking air supply cavity 5 is defined within the assembly plate 4. A mounting interface for mounting the ground-breaking air knife 3 is defined at the bottom of the assembly plate 4. The mounting interface is connected to the ground-breaking air supply cavity 5, and the air supply end of the ground-breaking air knife 3 is plugged into the mounting interface.

[0075] In order to supply air source to the interior of the ground-breaking air supply chamber 5 and thus supply air source to the ground-breaking air knife 3, an air supply interface 16 connected to the ground-breaking air supply chamber 5 is fixedly mounted on one side of the assembly plate 4. The air supply interface 16 is connected to the air supply device. When the air supply device is activated, it can be used to intermittently supply ground-breaking compressed air to the ground-breaking air knife 3, so that the ground-breaking air knife 3 can pre-loosen the mudflat bottom.

[0076] In some embodiments, as Figure 4-Figure 5 shown. Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged view at point A. Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the screen bar 202 and the rotating screen bar 13 of the present invention. A plurality of screen bar mounting grooves 7 are provided on one side of the assembly plate 4 along the length direction, and the first end of each screen bar 202 is inserted into the screen bar mounting groove 7.

[0077] A blowing nozzle 8 is installed at the bottom of each screen bar 202, and a one-way valve is installed at the air outlet end of the blowing nozzle 8 to avoid backflow of Nissan. The number of the blowing nozzles 8 can be multiple, and the multiple blowing nozzles 8 can continuously output gas between the gaps formed by the broken mudflat substrate, so that the gas fills the gaps in the broken mudflat substrate, which can ensure the looseness of the mudflat substrate after breaking the soil, and then when the first end part of the first screen frame 201 performs a vibration harvesting operation, the screening efficiency can be further improved.

[0078] In order to realize the supply of air source to several blowing nozzles 8. A blowing nozzle air supply cavity 19 is provided inside each screen bar 202, and the inlet end of the blowing nozzle 8 is connected to the blowing nozzle air supply cavity 19. A blowing nozzle air supply cavity 210 is provided inside the assembly plate 4, and the blowing nozzle air supply cavity 210 is connected to several screen bar mounting grooves 7; a side surface of the assembly plate 4 is fixedly installed with a gas supply interface 211 connected to the blowing nozzle air supply cavity 210, and the gas supply interface 211 is connected to the air supply device. When the air supply device is started, the continuously output gas can be discharged along the blowing nozzle air supply cavity 210, the screen bar mounting groove 7, the blowing nozzle air supply cavity 19 and the blowing nozzle 8, thereby realizing the continuous output of gas from the blowing nozzle 8, filling the gaps in the mudflat substrate with gas, and thus ensuring the looseness of the mudflat substrate after breaking the soil.

[0079] In some embodiments, as Figure 5-Figure 6 shown. Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the disassembly of the screen bars 202 and the rotating screen bars 13 in the present invention. Figure 6 The figure is a schematic diagram of the rotational orientation of the two paired rotating screening bars 13 in the present invention. The second ends of the plurality of screening bars 202 are provided with a second-stage rotating screening assembly for further screening the mudflat bottom material and shellfish after screening by the screening bars 202.

[0080] Specifically, the second end of each screen bar 202 is fixedly installed with a mounting cover 12, and the internal sealing rotation of the mounting cover 12 is rotatably installed with a rotating screen bar 13. The rotating screen bar 13 can rotate intermittently. The rotating rotating screen bar 13 can perform vibration-rotation linkage screening on shellfish and bottom sediment, thereby further improving the screening efficiency.

[0081] In order to realize the automatic rotation function of the rotating screen bars 13 at intervals, a rotating screen bar air supply cavity 14 is provided inside the assembly plate 4. The rotating screen bar air supply cavity 14 is located on one side of the blowing nozzle air supply cavity 2 10. An air supply interface 3 17 connected to the rotating screen bar air supply cavity 14 is fixedly installed on one side of the assembly plate 4. The air supply interface 3 17 is connected to the air supply device.

[0082] The rotating screen bar air supply cavity 14 is connected to a plurality of ventilation pipes 15 , each ventilation pipe 15 passes through the blowing nozzle air supply cavity 2 10 , the screen bar installation groove 7 and the inner cavity of the screen bar 202 and extends into the installation cover 12 .

[0083] A nozzle 16 is provided at the first end of the rotating screen bar 13. The nozzle 16 is rotatably mounted within the mounting housing 12 via a bearing seal. The interior of the rotating screen bar 13 is hollow, and the nozzle 16 is in communication with the inner cavity of the rotating screen bar 13. A spiral blade 18 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the rotating screen bar 13. A deflation check valve 19 is installed at the second end of the rotating screen bar 13.

[0084] When harvesting, the screen bars 202 vibrate and screen the mudflat bottom and shellfish. At this time, the air supply device supplies air source to the air supply interface 3 17 at intervals. The air flow can be transmitted along the air supply interface 3 17, the rotating screen bar air supply cavity 14 and the vent pipe 15. The gas output at intervals from the vent pipe 15 can flow along the spiral direction of the spiral blade 18 and be discharged from the air release one-way valve 19, which can drive the spiral blade 18 and the rotating screen bar 13 to rotate relative to the screen bar 202, so as to realize vibration-rotation linkage screening of shellfish and bottom.

[0085] In some embodiments, as Figure 6 shown. Figure 6 The figure shows the rotational orientation of the two paired rotating screen bars 13 in the present invention. In order to achieve the purpose of stable secondary screening of mudflat substrate and shellfish by the rotating screen bars 13, a plurality of rotating screen bars 13 are arranged in pairs, and the spiral directions of the two spiral blades 18 in the two paired rotating screen bars 13 are set in opposite directions. When the gas in the vent pipe 15 flows out along the spiral direction of the spiral blades 18, the two rotating screen bars 13 can be rotated in opposite directions to achieve vibration-rotation linkage screening of shellfish and substrate.

[0086] Because the two paired rotating sieve bars 13 rotate in opposite directions, while the adjacent rotating sieve bars 13 rotate in the same direction, it is easy to crush the shellfish. To avoid this, a spacer 21 is installed between the two paired rotating sieve bars 13.

[0087] Regarding the installation structure of the spacer plate 21, specifically, a longitudinal support plate 20 is fixedly connected to the interior of the first screen frame 201, and a plurality of screen bars 202 are installed at intervals on the top surface of the support plate 20. A plurality of rotating screen bars 13 are located on one side of the support plate 20, and a spacer plate 21 is installed between the rotating screen bars 13 arranged in pairs. One end of the spacer plate 21 is fixedly connected to the support plate 20.

[0088] During harvesting operations, the partition plate 21 is used to separate the rotating screen bars 13 in pairs. The shellfish and block bottom matter screened out for the first time by the screen bars 202 can enter the rotating screen bars 13 arranged in pairs under the vibration of the first screen frame 201 for a second vibration-rotation linkage screening. On the one hand, the screening efficiency can be improved, and on the other hand, the partition plate 21 can prevent the shellfish from being squeezed and broken during the rotation process.

[0089] In some embodiments, as Figure 8 shown. Figure 8 It is a main view of two pairs of rotating screen bars 13 in the present invention. Since the first screen frame 201 is tilted as a whole, the mudflat substrate and shellfish are screened from a low place to a high place. In order to avoid the screened substrate and shellfish from moving upward slowly and stagnating. A thread groove 32 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of each rotating screen bar 13. The thread groove 32 is arranged along the length direction of the rotating screen bar 13. The spiral directions of the thread grooves 32 on the two pairs of rotating screen bars 13 are opposite, and the rotation trajectory direction of the thread groove 32 can be the same as the rotation direction of the rotating screen bar 13. When the screen bars 202 vibrate and screen the mudflat substrate and shellfish between the paired rotating screen bars 13, and the two paired rotating screen bars 13 rotate in opposite directions, the thread groove 32 can drive the blocky substrate and shellfish to move up and be screened along the direction of the thread groove 32. The thread groove 32 can provide friction for the upward screening of the substrate and shellfish. On the one hand, it can avoid the slow upward movement and stagnation of the screened substrate and shellfish, and on the other hand, it is also conducive to improving the screening efficiency.

[0090] In some embodiments, as Figure 8 shown. Figure 8 This is a front view of two paired rotating sieve bars 13 in the present invention. To further prevent the sieved substrate and shellfish from moving slowly or stagnating upward, a plurality of inclined notches 33 are spaced apart on the outer circumference of each rotating sieve bar 13, with the openings of the plurality of inclined notches 33 facing the second end of the rotating sieve bar 13.

[0091] When the vent pipe 15 supplies air to the intervals in the inner cavity of the rotating screen bar 13, the spiral blade 18 drives the rotating screen bar 13 to rotate at intervals, thereby driving the rotating screen bar 13 to rotate at intervals. At this time, while the rotating screen bar 13 is rotating, the airflow in the inner cavity of the rotating screen bar 13 can be discharged along the inclined slot 33, and the airflow flowing toward the second end of the rotating screen bar 13 can push the block substrate and shellfish located between the two paired rotating screen bars 13, so that the block substrate and shellfish can move up and be screened along the length direction of the rotating screen bar 13. In this embodiment, the airflow push of the inclined slot 33 and the friction drive of the threaded groove 32 can cooperate to push the substrate and shellfish to move upward for screening, further avoiding the situation where the screened substrate and shellfish move slowly and stagnate upward, effectively improving the screening efficiency, and thus improving the overall harvesting efficiency.

[0092] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 shown. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the first screen frame 201 and the second vibrating screen 204 in the present invention. In order to perform the third-level screening of the large pieces of substrate and shellfish on the first screen frame 201 and the rotating screen bar 13, to ensure that the substrate and juvenile shellfish are completely screened out and the adult shellfish are transported to the tail of the vibrating screen. A second vibrating screen 204 is provided on one side of the bottom of the first screen frame 201. A strip screen column is integrated in the second vibrating screen 204. The second vibrating screen 204 is rotated into the supporting frame 1 and the second vibrating screen 204 is fitted to the bottom of the first screen frame 201. For details on the installation structure and working principle of the second vibrating screen 204, please refer to patent CN218389436U.

[0093] A second spiral rotating brush 22 is rotatably mounted within the support frame 1 and is located atop the second vibrating screen 204. The mounting structure and operating principle of the second spiral rotating brush 22 are described in detail in patent CN218389436U. The second spiral rotating brush 22 is used to transfer, cut, and disperse shellfish and bulk sediment after the second vibration-rotation screening process onto the second vibrating screen 204.

[0094] The vibration drive device 100 is transmission-connected to the second vibrating screen 204. The vibration drive device 100 also includes a second crank-connecting rod mechanism. A drive motor drives the connecting rod in the crank-connecting rod mechanism to reciprocate, which in turn causes the second vibrating screen 204 to vibrate. For details on the mounting structure between the vibration drive device 100 and the second vibrating screen 204, see patent CN218389436U. The vibration drive device 100 drives the second vibrating screen 204 to vibrate via the crank-connecting rod mechanism, achieving a third vibration screening of shellfish and bulk substrates following the second vibration-rotation screening.

[0095] In some embodiments, as Figure 7 shown. Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the air supply pipeline of the air supply device of the present invention. The air supply device includes a high-pressure air pump 23 and a high-pressure air tank 24. The high-pressure air pump 23 and the high-pressure air tank 24 can be installed on the driving device.

[0096] The high-pressure air pump 23 is connected to the high-pressure gas tank 24 through a pipeline, and is used to supply air to the high-pressure gas tank 24. The output end of the high-pressure gas tank 24 is connected to a pulse solenoid valve 25 through a pipeline, and the output end of the pulse solenoid valve 25 is installed with a conversion joint 26. The air inlet of the air supply interface 6 is connected to the conversion joint 26 through a connecting pipeline 27, and is used to intermittently provide high-pressure airflow to the soil-breaking air knife 3, so that the soil-breaking air knife 3 has the function of intermittent soil breaking and pre-loosening.

[0097] The air inlet of the air supply interface three 17 is connected to the conversion joint 26 through the connecting pipe two 28. A pressure relief valve 29 is installed on the connecting pipe two 28. The pressure relief valve 29 can provide high-pressure gas to the high-pressure air pump 23 for pressure relief, and is used to intermittently provide low-pressure airflow to the inner cavity of the rotating screen bars 13, so that several rotating screen bars 13 can intermittently rotate for screening.

[0098] In order to intelligently control the coordinated operation of the high-pressure air pump 23, the high-pressure gas tank 24 and the pulse solenoid valve 25, a PLC intelligent control system can be set on the mudflat shellfish harvesting and screening shovel device to realize the above-mentioned intelligent control function.

[0099] In some embodiments, as Figure 7 shown. Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the air supply pipeline of the air supply device of the present invention. In order to supply the air source to the blowing nozzle 8, the air supply device also includes a high-pressure gas tank 2 30. The high-pressure air pump 23 is connected to the high-pressure gas tank 2 30 through a pipeline for supplying air to the high-pressure gas tank 2 30.

[0100] The air inlet of the air supply interface 2 11 is connected to the air outlet of the high-pressure gas tank 2 30 through the connecting pipe 3 31. A multi-stage pressure relief valve assembly is installed on the connecting pipe 3 31. When the high-pressure gas tank 2 30 delivers high-pressure gas to the connecting pipe 3 31, the pressure is released by the multi-stage pressure relief valve assembly. The high-pressure gas tank 2 30 can be used to continuously output low-pressure airflow to the blowing nozzle 8, so that the gas fills the gaps in the broken mudflat substrate, thereby ensuring the looseness of the mudflat substrate after breaking the soil.

[0101] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for harvesting shellfish from a mudflat. The method includes the aforementioned mudflat shellfish harvesting screening shovel device. The harvesting method may specifically include the following steps:

[0102] S1. When performing harvesting operations, the mudflat shellfish harvesting screening shovel device is installed on the travel drive device, and the travel drive device drives the mudflat shellfish harvesting screening shovel device to move to achieve the purpose of mobile harvesting.

[0103] S2. Before the harvesting operation, the height of the first screen frame 201 is adjusted so that several shovel heads 203 are buried in the mudflat substrate to a depth of 30-100 mm, so that the first screen frame 201 can dig out the mudflat substrate and the shells in the substrate.

[0104] S3. During the vibration harvesting process of the first screen frame 201, the air supply device drives the soil-breaking air knife 3 to start at intervals, breaking and loosening the unharvested mudflat bottom material in front of the shovel head 203, and the first spiral rotating roller brush 200 transfers, cuts and evacuates the broken and loosened mudflat bottom material and shellfish to several screen bars 202. On the one hand, it can improve the transmission, cutting and evacuation efficiency of the first spiral rotating roller brush 200, and on the other hand, it also improves the screening efficiency of the screen bars 202.

[0105] S4. After the mudflat bottom is broken and pre-loosened, the air nozzle 8 is started, and the air nozzle 8 continuously outputs gas between the gaps formed by the broken and pre-loose mudflat bottom, so that the gas fills the gaps of the broken mudflat bottom, so that the mudflat bottom continues to be loose after breaking the soil to provide screening efficiency. At the same time, a number of screen bars 202 vibrate and screen the bottom and shellfish, and the smaller block bottom and juvenile shellfish are screened back to the surface of the mudflat, and the block bottom and shellfish are vibrated onto the rotating screen bars 13 in pairs.

[0106] S5. The air supply device drives the paired rotating screen bars 13 to rotate in opposite directions and start at intervals. The partition plates 21 are used to separate the paired rotating screen bars 13. The shellfish and block bottom matter screened out by the screen bars 202 for the first time can enter between the paired rotating screen bars 13 under the vibration of the first screen frame 201, and then the shellfish and bottom matter between the paired rotating screen bars 13 are subjected to a second vibration-rotation linkage screening.

[0107] S6. During the rotation of the second spiral rotating brush 22, the shellfish and the bulk bottom material after the second vibration-rotation linkage screening are transferred, cut and evacuated to the second vibrating screen 204. The second vibrating screen 204 vibrates and screens the shellfish and the bulk bottom material after the second vibration-rotation linkage screening for the third time, and transports the adult shellfish to the tail of the second vibrating screen 204 to obtain the shellfish harvest.

[0108] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a..." does not preclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the element.

[0109] In addition, in the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0110] On the other hand, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed on," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention.

Claims

1. A shovel device for collecting shellfish on mudflats, characterized in that: include: Support frame (1); A vibrating screen shovel assembly (2) comprises a first screen frame (201), a plurality of screen bars (202) and a plurality of earth-entering shovel heads (203), wherein the first screen frame (201) is rotatably mounted to the bottom of the support frame (1), the plurality of earth-entering shovel heads (203) are installed at intervals on the first end of the first screen frame (201), and the plurality of screen bars (202) are installed at intervals on the first screen frame (201); A first spiral rotating roller brush (200) is rotatably mounted inside the support frame (1), and the first spiral rotating roller brush (200) is located on top of the plurality of sieve bars (202), and is used for transferring, cutting, and evacuating mudflat substrate and shellfish onto the plurality of sieve bars (202); a vibration driving device (100) connected to the first screen frame (201) by transmission means, for driving the first screen frame (201) to vibrate, thereby achieving vibration screening of the screen bars (202); a soil-breaking air knife (3) mounted on the bottom of the first end of the first screen frame (201) for discharging high-pressure gas at intervals and performing intermittent soil-breaking and pre-loosening on the unharvested mudflat bottom to reduce the resistance of the first screen frame (201); An air supply device is connected to the air supply end of the soil-breaking air knife (3) and is used to supply compressed air required for the soil-breaking air knife (3) to break the soil at intervals; Wherein, a mounting plate (4) is provided at the first end of the first screen frame (201), and the soil-breaking air knife (3) is mounted to the bottom of the mounting plate (4); a soil-breaking air supply cavity (5) is provided inside the mounting plate (4), and a mounting interface for mounting the soil-breaking air knife (3) is provided at the bottom of the mounting plate (4), the mounting interface is communicated with the soil-breaking air supply cavity (5), and the air supply end of the soil-breaking air knife (3) is plugged into the mounting interface; An air supply interface (6) connected to the soil-breaking air supply cavity (5) is fixedly mounted on one side of the assembly plate (4); the air supply interface (6) is connected to the air supply device and is used to supply soil-breaking compressed air to the soil-breaking air knife (3); a plurality of screen bar mounting grooves (7) are provided on one side surface along the length direction of the assembly plate (4); the first end of each screen bar (202) is plugged into the screen bar mounting groove (7); The bottom of each of the sieve bars (202) is provided with an air blowing nozzle (8) which can continuously output gas to the gaps formed by the broken mudflat bottom material, so that the gas fills the gaps in the broken mudflat bottom material to ensure the looseness of the mudflat bottom material after the ground is broken; Each of the sieve bars (202) is provided with a blowing nozzle air supply cavity (9), and the inlet end of the blowing nozzle (8) is connected to the blowing nozzle air supply cavity (9); The interior of the assembly plate (4) is provided with a second air supply cavity (10) for the blowing nozzle, and the second air supply cavity (10) for the blowing nozzle is connected to a plurality of the screen bar mounting grooves (7); a second air supply interface (11) connected to the second air supply cavity (10) for the blowing nozzle is fixedly installed on one side of the assembly plate (4), and the second air supply interface (11) is connected to the air supply device, and is used to discharge the continuously output gas along the second air supply cavity (10) for the blowing nozzle, the screen bar mounting grooves (7), the first air supply cavity (9) for the blowing nozzle and the blowing nozzle (8).

2. The mudflat shellfish harvesting shovel device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting cover (12) is fixedly mounted on the second end of each screen bar (202), and a rotating screen bar (13) is sealed and rotatably mounted inside the mounting cover (12), and the rotating screen bar (13) can rotate intermittently; A rotating screen bar air supply cavity (14) is provided inside the assembly plate (4), and the rotating screen bar air supply cavity (14) is located on one side of the blowing nozzle air supply cavity 2 (10). An air supply interface 3 (17) connected to the rotating screen bar air supply cavity (14) is fixedly installed on one side of the assembly plate (4), and the air supply interface 3 (17) is connected to the air supply device; The rotating screen bar air supply cavity (14) is connected to a plurality of ventilation pipes (15), each of the ventilation pipes (15) passes through the second blowing nozzle air supply cavity (10), the screen bar installation groove (7) and the inner cavity of the screen bar (202) and extends into the installation cover (12); The first end of the rotating screen bar (13) is provided with a nozzle (16), and the nozzle (16) is rotatably mounted in the mounting cover (12) through a bearing seal. The interior of the rotating screen bar (13) is hollow, and the nozzle (16) is communicated with the inner cavity of the rotating screen bar (13); The inner cavity of the rotating screen bar (13) is fixedly connected with a spiral blade (18), and the second end of the rotating screen bar (13) is installed with a deflation check valve (19). The gas output from the vent pipe (15) at intervals can flow along the spiral direction of the spiral blade (18) and be discharged from the deflation check valve (19), which can drive the spiral blade (18) and the rotating screen bar (13) to rotate relative to the screen bar (202), so as to realize vibration-rotation linkage screening of shellfish and bottom sediment.

3. The mudflat shellfish harvesting shovel device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of rotating screen bars (13) are arranged in pairs, and the spiral directions of the two spiral blades (18) in the two pairs of rotating screen bars (13) are arranged in opposite directions; When the gas in the vent pipe (15) flows out along the spiral direction of the spiral blade (18), the two rotating screen bars (13) can be rotated in opposite directions to achieve vibration-rotation linkage screening of shellfish and bottom sediment.

4. The mudflat shellfish harvesting shovel device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A longitudinal support plate (20) is fixedly connected to the interior of the first screen frame (201), and a plurality of screen bars (202) are installed at intervals on the top surface of the support plate (20); A plurality of the rotating screen bars (13) are located on one side of the support plate (20), and a partition plate (21) is provided between the rotating screen bars (13) arranged in pairs. One end of the partition plate (21) is fixedly connected to the support plate (20), and the partition plate (21) is used to separate the rotating screen bars (13) in pairs. The shellfish and block bottom material screened out by the screen bars (202) for the first time can enter between the rotating screen bars (13) arranged in pairs under the vibration of the first screen frame (201) for a second vibration-rotation linkage screening.

5. The mudflat shellfish harvesting screening shovel device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: A second vibrating screen (204) is provided on one side of the bottom of the first screen frame (201), the second vibrating screen (204) is rotated into the supporting frame (1), and the second vibrating screen (204) is fitted onto the bottom of the first screen frame (201); A second spiral rotating brush (22) is rotatably mounted in the support frame (1), and the second spiral rotating brush (22) is located on top of the second vibrating screen (204) and is used to transfer, cut, and evacuate shellfish and bulk substrate after the second vibration-rotation linkage screening to the second vibrating screen (204); The vibration drive device (100) is transmission-connected to the second vibration screen (204) for driving the second vibration screen (204) to vibrate, so as to achieve a third vibration screening of shellfish and bulk substrates after the second vibration-rotation linkage screening.

6. The mudflat shellfish harvesting screening shovel device according to any one of claims 3-4, characterized in that: The outer peripheral surface of each of the rotating screen bars (13) is provided with thread grooves (32) arranged along the length direction; The spiral directions of the thread grooves (32) on the two paired rotating screen bars (13) are arranged in opposite directions; when the two paired rotating screen bars (13) rotate in opposite directions, they are used to drive the blocky bottom matter and shellfish to move up along the direction of the thread grooves (32) and be screened.

7. The mudflat shellfish harvesting screening shovel device according to any one of claims 3-4, characterized in that: A plurality of inclined slots (33) are provided on the outer peripheral surface of each rotating screen bar (13), and the openings of the plurality of inclined slots (33) are directed toward the second end of the rotating screen bar (13). When the vent pipe (15) supplies air to the inner cavity of the rotating screen bar (13) to drive the rotating screen bar (13) to rotate at intervals, the air flow can be discharged along the inclined slots (33) to push the block substrate and shellfish located between the two paired rotating screen bars (13) to move up along the length direction of the rotating screen bar (13) and be screened.

8. A method for harvesting tidal flat shellfish, comprising the tidal flat shellfish harvesting screening shovel device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The harvesting method includes the following steps: S1. Installing the mudflat shellfish harvesting and screening shovel device on the travel drive device, and driving the mudflat shellfish harvesting and screening shovel device to move based on the travel drive device; S2, adjusting the height of the first screen frame (201) so that the plurality of shovel heads (203) are buried in the mudflat bottom to a depth of 30-100 mm; S3, the air supply device drives the soil-breaking air knife (3) to start at intervals, breaking and pre-loosening the mudflat bottom material that has not been harvested in front of the shovel head (203), and the first spiral rotating roller brush (200) transfers, cuts, and evacuates the soil-breaking and pre-loose mudflat bottom material and shellfish to a plurality of screen bars (202); S4, the blowing nozzle (8) continuously outputs gas between the gaps formed by the pre-loose mudflat bottom material, so that the gas fills the gaps in the mudflat bottom material, so that the mudflat bottom material continues to be loose after breaking the soil. At the same time, a plurality of screen bars (202) vibrate and screen the bottom material and shellfish, and the smaller block bottom material and juvenile shellfish fall back to the mudflat surface, and the block bottom material and shellfish are vibrated onto the rotating screen bars (13) in pairs; S5, the air supply device drives the paired rotating screen bars (13) to rotate in opposite directions and start at intervals, and the shellfish and bottom sediment between the paired rotating screen bars (13) are subjected to a second vibration-rotation linkage screening; S6. During the rotation of the second spiral rotating brush (22), the shellfish and the bulk bottom material after the second vibration-rotation linkage screening are transferred, cut, and evacuated to the second vibrating screen (204). The second vibrating screen (204) performs a third vibration screening on the shellfish and the bulk bottom material after the second vibration-rotation linkage screening, and transports the adult shellfish to the tail of the second vibrating screen (204) to obtain shellfish harvest.

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