Collaborative observation method, system, equipment and storage medium for the full life history of convective cells

Abstract

The present invention discloses a collaborative observation method, system, equipment and storage medium for the entire life history of a convective cell. The method includes: tracking the motion trajectory of the same convective cell; screening a suitable convective cell as a target for collaborative observation; and selecting a weather radar to conduct continuous collaborative observation of the target convective cell. This application ensures that the observation target at the previous and next moments is the same convective cell through the identification and tracking technology of convective cells. At the same time, a method for selecting a collaborative observation radar based on the change in the azimuth angle of the observed target is proposed to ensure that the observation results at the previous and next moments are comparable. The method provided by this application is of great significance for monitoring the intensity, vertical structure changes and physical parameter calculation of hail, tornadoes, downbursts and thunderstorms, and is of great value for improving the application of collaborative observation results in severe convection monitoring, early warning and mechanism research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of meteorological radar detection technology, and in particular relates to a collaborative observation method, system, equipment and storage medium for the entire life history of a convective cell. Background Art

[0002] Severe convective weather, a type of weather phenomenon caused by intense vertical atmospheric motion, such as thunderstorms, gale force winds, hail, and heavy rainfall, is characterized by strong localization, a small distribution range, strong suddenness, and short duration, making it a challenge for meteorological research and operational forecasting. Severe convective weather processes typically contain complex three-dimensional structures, and studying the characteristics of these structures and their evolution is a prerequisite for accurate monitoring and early warning. Therefore, there is an urgent need for collaborative observation of severe convective weather through networked weather radars to obtain refined data on severe convection with higher temporal and spatial resolution. Traditional collaborative observation methods suffer from discontinuities in both the selection of collaborative observation targets and the scheduling of radars. Specifically, collaborative observation results at two different moments in time may be for different convective cells and produced by different radars. This makes it difficult to study the evolutionary characteristics of the refined vertical structure of severe convective weather processes and limits the collaborative observation system's ability to monitor and warn of severe convective weather processes. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a collaborative observation method, system, equipment and storage medium for the entire life history of a convective cell, so as to solve the problem in traditional collaborative observation methods that the collaborative observation targets at different times lack correlation, the radar observation azimuths of the same target before and after moments differ greatly, and the fine vertical structure changes of strong convective cells cannot be well reflected.

[0004] The embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows: a collaborative observation method for the entire life history of a convective cell includes:

[0005] Track the motion trajectory of the same convective cell;

[0006] Screening suitable convective cells as targets for collaborative observations;

[0007] Weather radars are selected to conduct continuous coordinated observations of target convective cells.

[0008] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the method for tracking the motion trajectory of the same convective cell includes: identifying the convective cell from the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment, and correlating the same convective cell identified from the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at multiple consecutive moments to obtain motion trajectory tracking of the same convective cell; and / or

[0009] Based on the current and historical positions of the same convective cell, predict the movement trajectory of the convective cell at future times, and select suitable convective cells as targets for collaborative observation based on the intensity change of the convective cell reflectivity factor and the movement direction of the trajectory at future times; and / or

[0010] According to the trajectory movement direction of the target convective cell and the distance between the target convective cell and the weather radar, the weather radar with the smallest scanning azimuth angle change is selected from multiple weather radars to conduct continuous coordinated observation of the target convective cell.

[0011] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, for the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment, multiple different reflectivity factor thresholds of convection cells are set from low to high, and connected areas corresponding to each reflectivity factor threshold are obtained respectively, and the connected areas are screened. Each of the screened connected areas corresponds to a convection cell, and the average value of the coordinates corresponding to all reflectivity factor data in each of the screened connected areas is taken as the center of the corresponding convection cell, wherein the reflectivity factor threshold is 30dBZ~60dBZ; the connected area is a reflectivity factor data area in the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment that is greater than the corresponding reflectivity factor threshold and is interconnected; the method for screening the connected area includes sequentially comparing whether all connected areas corresponding to two adjacent reflectivity factor thresholds overlap, and if there is overlap, deleting the connected area corresponding to the smaller reflectivity factor threshold and retaining the connected area corresponding to the larger reflectivity factor threshold.

[0012] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the specific method of associating the same convective cell identified in the weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data at multiple consecutive moments includes: and The convective cells identified in the weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data at two consecutive moments are paired one by one. The sum of the distance values ​​between the paired convective cells in each pairing combination is calculated. The paired convective cells in the pairing combination with the smallest sum of distance values ​​are identified as the same convective cell at different moments. The above steps are repeated to complete the pairing of all convective cells and the tracking of the motion trajectory of the same convective cell.

[0013] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, according to a convection monomer Time and The moving trajectory before time is used to predict the convective cell. The moving trajectory after time ,in Indicates the future moment The position of the convection cell, It represents the multiple of the future weather radar scanning period, and D represents the multiple of the future weather radar maximum scanning period;

[0014] Determine the future movement trajectory of convective cells Whether it will pass through a preset key observation area ,if , then the moving trajectory of the convection cell is retained; if , then the moving trajectory of the convection cell is discarded;

[0015] For the movement trajectory of the retained convective cell, calculate the convective cell in Reflectivity factor change trend at each moment and the maximum reflectivity factor of the convective cell , , express The average value of the reflectivity factor in the connected area of ​​the convection cell at the moment, express The average value of the reflectivity factor in the connected area of ​​the convection cell at the moment, Indicates the trend of reflectivity factor used to calculate the change trend Weather radar puzzle number, Indicates the multiple of the past weather radar scanning period;

[0016] According to the formula Calculate the priority of the co-observation for each convective cell, where express The weight of express The weight of ,according to The first Q convective cells are selected from the largest to the smallest as targets for collaborative observation, among which, The value should satisfy , M represents the number of weather radars used for collaborative observation.

[0017] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the Q convective cells screened in the previous step are matched with weather radars for collaborative observation. For a certain convective cell, all I radars whose weather radar observation areas include the convective cell are selected from all available weather radars. If I=0, that is, the convective cell is outside the range of all available weather radar observation areas, then the convective cell is not collaboratively observed; if I=1, then the weather radar is directly selected to perform collaborative observation on the convective cell.

[0018] If I>1, then the convection cell is selected Calculate the azimuth angle of the N predicted track points of the convective cell after time t relative to each weather radar. , and the average value of the azimuth variation , ,in Indicates the multiple of the weather radar's maximum scanning period. Indicates the multiple of the weather radar scanning period, At the time indicated, the weather radar with the smallest average azimuth angle change is selected to conduct collaborative observation of the target convective cell.

[0019] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, after the weather radars for collaborative observation are matched to Q convective cells, the same convective cell identified in the weather radar puzzle at subsequent moments continues to be collaboratively observed using the weather radar matched at the previous moment until the convective cell disappears or moves out of the observation range of the matching weather radar.

[0020] Accordingly, the embodiment of the present application further provides a collaborative observation system for the entire life history of a convective cell, including:

[0021] Motion trajectory tracking module, used to track the motion trajectory of the same convection cell;

[0022] Collaborative observation target acquisition module, used to select suitable convective cells as targets for collaborative observation;

[0023] The continuous collaborative observation module selects weather radar to conduct continuous collaborative observation of target convective cells.

[0024] Accordingly, an embodiment of the present application also provides a computer device, including a storage and a processor, wherein the storage stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor performs the steps of the above method.

[0025] Accordingly, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes the steps of the above method.

[0026] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] The present application overcomes the shortcomings of traditional collaborative observation methods, such as the lack of correlation between collaborative observation targets at different times, the large difference in radar observation azimuths of the same target before and after, and the inability to well reflect the changes in the fine vertical structure of strong convective monomers. The present invention ensures that the observation targets before and after are the same convective monomers through the identification and tracking technology of convective monomers. At the same time, a method for selecting collaborative observation radars based on the change in the azimuth of the observed target is proposed, which can ensure that the observation results before and after are comparable. In this way, the observation system can more accurately capture the subtle features and fine vertical structure of the same convective monomer over time. In this way, the evolution process of the convective monomer at different times can be presented more clearly, so that the system can analyze the development and change trend of strong convection through observation data at multiple times, thereby improving the early warning capability. The method provided by the present invention is of great significance for monitoring the intensity, vertical structure changes and physical parameter calculation of hail, tornadoes, downbursts and thunderstorms, and is of great value for improving the application of collaborative observation results in severe convection monitoring, early warning and mechanism research. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the collaborative observation method for the full life history of a convective cell according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of identifying a convective cell from a weather radar mosaic at a single moment, provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of associating the same monomer identified in multiple consecutive moment puzzles provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of selecting convective cells as collaborative observation targets based on trajectory movement direction provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of screening radars with the smallest azimuth angle change for continuous collaborative observation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of radar echo simulation of a weather process provided by an experimental example of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of identifying a convective cell from a weather radar mosaic at a single moment provided as an experimental example of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of associating the same monomer identified in multiple consecutive moment puzzles provided in an experimental example of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9A schematic diagram of the motion trajectory tracking of the same convective cell provided in the experimental example of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of screening convective cells as collaborative observation targets based on trajectory movement direction provided by an experimental example of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of screening radars with the smallest azimuth angle change for continuous collaborative observation provided in an experimental example of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the collaborative observation results of a convective cell by radar R1 provided in the experimental example of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the collaborative observation results of convective cells by radar R2 provided in the experimental example of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0042] The technical solution of this application is as follows:

[0043] See also Figure 1 In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a collaborative observation method for the entire life history of a convective cell, including:

[0044] S01. Track the motion trajectory of the same convective cell;

[0045] S02. Screen suitable convective cells as targets for collaborative observations;

[0046] S03. Select weather radar to conduct continuous coordinated observation of the target convective cell.

[0047] The present application overcomes the shortcomings of traditional collaborative observation methods, such as the lack of correlation between collaborative observation targets at different times, the large difference in radar observation azimuths of the same target before and after, and the inability to well reflect the changes in the fine vertical structure of strong convective monomers. The present invention ensures that the observation targets before and after are the same convective monomers through the identification and tracking technology of convective monomers. At the same time, a method for selecting collaborative observation radars based on the change in the azimuth of the observed target is proposed, which can ensure that the observation results before and after are comparable. In this way, the observation system can more accurately capture the subtle features and fine vertical structure of the same convective monomer over time. In this way, the evolution process of the convective monomer at different times can be presented more clearly, so that the system can analyze the development and change trend of strong convection through observation data at multiple times, thereby improving the early warning capability. The method provided by the present invention is of great significance for monitoring the intensity, vertical structure changes and physical parameter calculation of hail, tornadoes, downbursts and thunderstorms, and is of great value for improving the application of collaborative observation results in severe convection monitoring, early warning and mechanism research.

[0048] In the S01:

[0049] In some embodiments, a method for tracking the motion trajectory of the same convective cell includes: identifying the convective cell from the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment, and associating the same convective cell identified in the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at multiple consecutive moments to obtain motion trajectory tracking of the same convective cell.

[0050] Furthermore, for the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment, multiple different reflectivity factor thresholds of convective cells are set from low to high, and the connected areas corresponding to each reflectivity factor threshold are obtained respectively. The connected areas are filtered, and each of the filtered connected areas corresponds to a convective cell. The average value of the coordinates corresponding to all reflectivity factor data in each of the filtered connected areas is taken as the center of the corresponding convective cell.

[0051] Furthermore, the reflectivity factor threshold is 30dBZ~60dBZ, for example, it can be 30dBZ, 31dBZ, 32dBZ, 33dBZ, 34dBZ, 35dBZ, 36dBZ, 37dBZ, 38dBZ, 39dBZ, 40dBZ, 41dBZ, 42dBZ, 43dBZ, 44dBZ, 45dBZ, 46dBZ, 47dBZ, 48dBZ, 49dBZ, 50dBZ, 51dBZ, 52dBZ, 53dBZ, 54dBZ, 55dBZ, 56dBZ, 57dBZ, 58dBZ, 59dBZ, 60dBZ, etc.

[0052] It can be understood that the weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data at a single moment is the weighted average reflectivity factor data of multiple weather radars at the same moment, at the same altitude or at different altitudes.

[0053] It can be understood that the mosaic data of weather radar reflectivity factors at multiple consecutive moments are weighted average reflectivity factor data of multiple weather radars at different moments at the same altitude or at different altitudes.

[0054] Furthermore, the connected area is a reflectivity factor data area in the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment that is greater than the corresponding reflectivity factor threshold and is connected to each other.

[0055] Furthermore, the mutual connectivity includes four connectivity and / or eight connectivity.

[0056] Furthermore, the method for screening the connected areas includes comparing in sequence whether all connected areas corresponding to two adjacent reflectivity factor thresholds overlap. If there is overlap, the connected areas corresponding to the smaller reflectivity factor threshold are deleted, and the connected areas corresponding to the larger reflectivity factor threshold are retained.

[0057] It can be understood that if there is no overlap, the connected area corresponding to the smaller reflectivity factor threshold and the connected area corresponding to the larger reflectivity factor threshold are retained respectively.

[0058] For example, see Figure 2 , set two different reflectivity factor thresholds of 30dBZ and 35dBZ for convective cells from low to high, and obtain the connected areas greater than each reflectivity factor threshold from the weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data at a single moment. The results are shown in Figure 2 In (a), compare whether all connected areas corresponding to the reflectivity factor thresholds 30dBZ and 35dBZ overlap, because Figure 2 In (a), the connected area corresponding to the 35dBZ of the lower convection cell overlaps with the connected area corresponding to 30dBZ, so only the area corresponding to 35dBZ is retained. The result is as follows: Figure 2 (b) Each retained connected area corresponds to a convection cell, and the average value of the coordinates corresponding to all reflectivity factor data in the connected area is taken as the center of the corresponding convection cell, such as Figure 2 Indicated by the “+” mark in (b).

[0059] Furthermore, the specific method for associating the same convective cell identified in the weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data at multiple consecutive moments includes: and The convective cells identified in the weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data at two consecutive moments are paired one by one. The sum of the distance values ​​between the paired convective cells in each pairing combination is calculated. The paired convective cells in the pairing combination with the smallest sum of distance values ​​are identified as the same convective cell at different moments. The above steps are repeated to complete the pairing of all convective cells and the tracking of the motion trajectory of the same convective cell.

[0060] Furthermore, the same convection cell at different times is identified and marked after completion.

[0061] It can be understood that when the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at two consecutive moments respectively identify multiple (m≥2) convective cells, there will be multiple pairing combinations of one-to-one pairing. Specifically: assuming that there are two convective cells at time t, convective cell 1 and convective cell 2, and there are two convective cells at time t+1, convective cell 3 and convective cell 4, there are two pairing combinations of convective cells at these two consecutive moments, namely, convective cell 1 is paired with convective cell 3, and convective cell 2 is paired with convective cell 4, or convective cell 1 is paired with convective cell 4, and convective cell 2 is paired with convective cell 3.

[0062] For example, see Figure 3 ,exist and Two convective cells are identified at each moment, so there are two one-to-one pairing combinations of convective cells at these two consecutive moments, respectively. Figure 3 The black solid and dotted lines in the figure represent the sum of the distances between the paired convection cells under the two pairing combinations. It can be seen that the sum of the distances between the paired convection cells under the pairing combination represented by the solid line is the smallest. Therefore, the convection cells connected by the solid line are defined as and The same convective cell at the same moment is assigned unique labels C1 and C2. The above operation is repeated for the weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data at multiple consecutive moments to complete the pairing of all convective cells and the tracking of the motion trajectory of the same convective cell.

[0063] In the S02:

[0064] In some embodiments, the movement trajectory of the convective cell at a future moment is predicted based on the position of the same convective cell at a current moment and a historical moment, and suitable convective cells are selected as targets for collaborative observation based on the intensity change of the convective cell reflectivity factor and the movement direction of the trajectory at a future moment.

[0065] Furthermore, according to the Time and The moving trajectory before time is used to predict the convective cell. The moving trajectory after time ,in Indicates the future moment The position of the convection cell, It represents the multiple of the future weather radar scanning period, and D represents the multiple of the future weather radar maximum scanning period.

[0066] Furthermore, the future trajectory of the convective cell can be determined Whether it will pass through a preset key observation area ,if , then the moving trajectory of the convection cell is retained; if , the moving trajectory of the convection cell is discarded.

[0067] Furthermore, for the movement trajectory of the retained convective cell, the convective cell is calculated in Reflectivity factor change trend at each moment and the maximum reflectivity factor of the convective cell , , express The average value of the reflectivity factor in the connected area of ​​the convection cell at the moment, express The average value of the reflectivity factor in the connected area of ​​the convection cell at the moment, Indicates the trend of reflectivity factor used to calculate the change trend Weather radar puzzle number, Indicates the number of times the weather radar scan period has passed.

[0068] Furthermore, according to the formula Calculate the priority of the co-observation for each convective cell, where express The weight of express The weight of ,according to The first Q convective cells are selected from the largest to the smallest as targets for collaborative observation, among which, The value should satisfy , M represents the number of weather radars used for collaborative observation.

[0069] For example, see Figure 4 , Figure 4 Three different convective cells are shown in The trajectories before and after the moment, the predicted trajectories of the three different convective cells are track1_p, track2_p and track3_p. If track1_p does not pass through the preset key observation area, the movement trajectory of the convective cell will be discarded; the future movement trajectories of track2_p and track3_p pass through the key observation area, so the movement trajectories of these two convective cells are retained. For the movement trajectory of the retained convective cell, the prediction of the convective cell at the moment is calculated. Reflectivity factor change trend at each moment and the maximum reflectivity factor of the convective cell Determine the priority of coordinated observations for each convective cell.

[0070] In said S03:

[0071] In some embodiments, based on the trajectory movement direction of the target convective cell and the distance between the target convective cell and the weather radar, a weather radar with the smallest scanning azimuth angle change is selected from multiple weather radars to perform continuous collaborative observation of the target convective cell.

[0072] Furthermore, the Q convective cells selected in the previous step are matched with cooperative observation weather radars. For a certain convective cell, all I radars whose weather radar observation areas include the convective cell are selected from all available weather radars. If I = 0, that is, the convective cell is outside the range of all available weather radar observation areas, then no cooperative observation is performed on the convective cell; if I = 1, then the weather radar is directly selected to conduct cooperative observation on the convective cell.

[0073] If I>1, then the convection cell is selected Calculate the azimuth angle of the N predicted track points of the convective cell after time t relative to each weather radar. , and the average value of the azimuth variation , ,in Indicates the multiple of the weather radar's maximum scanning period. Indicates the multiple of the weather radar scanning period, At the time indicated, the weather radar with the smallest average azimuth angle change is selected to conduct collaborative observation of the target convective cell.

[0074] Furthermore, after the Q convective cells are matched with the weather radars that have completed the collaborative observation, the same convective cell identified in the weather radar puzzle at the subsequent moment will continue to be collaboratively observed using the weather radar matched at the previous moment until the convective cell disappears or moves out of the observation range of the matching weather radar.

[0075] It can be understood that after the collaborative observation weather radar and the convective cell are matched, the same convective cell identified in the weather radar puzzle at subsequent moments will no longer be screened and matched with the weather radar according to the method described in steps S02 and S03, but will continue to be collaboratively observed using the weather radar matched at the previous moment until the convective cell disappears or moves out of the observation range of the matching weather radar.

[0076] For example, see Figure 5 , Figure 5 The moving tracks of two convective cells (track2_p and track3_p) to be assigned to cooperative observation weather radars are shown. Assume that track2_p, which has a higher priority for cooperative observation, is within the observation range of weather radars R1 and R2. Calculate the azimuths of the N predicted track points on track2_p after time t relative to R1 and R2 respectively. , and calculate the average value of the azimuth change By comparison Figure 5 From the azimuth change of the weather radar R1, we can see that the azimuth change of the weather radar R1 Less than the azimuth change of weather radar R2 Therefore, weather radar R1 is selected to continuously coordinate observations of the convective cell corresponding to track2_p, and weather radar R1 is continued to coordinate observations of the convective cell corresponding to track2_p at subsequent moments until the convective cell corresponding to track2_p disappears or moves out of the observation range of R1.

[0077] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a collaborative observation system for the entire life cycle of a convective cell, including:

[0078] Motion trajectory tracking module, used to track the motion trajectory of the same convection cell;

[0079] Collaborative observation target acquisition module, used to select suitable convective cells as targets for collaborative observation;

[0080] The continuous collaborative observation module selects weather radar to conduct continuous collaborative observation of target convective cells.

[0081] In the motion trajectory tracking module:

[0082] In some embodiments, a method for tracking the motion trajectory of the same convective cell includes: identifying the convective cell from the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment, and associating the same convective cell identified in the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at multiple consecutive moments to obtain motion trajectory tracking of the same convective cell.

[0083] Furthermore, for the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment, multiple different reflectivity factor thresholds of convective cells are set from low to high, and the connected areas corresponding to each reflectivity factor threshold are obtained respectively. The connected areas are filtered, and each of the filtered connected areas corresponds to a convective cell. The average value of the coordinates corresponding to all reflectivity factor data in each of the filtered connected areas is taken as the center of the corresponding convective cell.

[0084] Furthermore, the reflectivity factor threshold is 30dBZ~60dBZ, for example, it can be 30dBZ, 31dBZ, 32dBZ, 33dBZ, 34dBZ, 35dBZ, 36dBZ, 37dBZ, 38dBZ, 39dBZ, 40dBZ, 41dBZ, 42dBZ, 43dBZ, 44dBZ, 45dBZ, 46dBZ, 47dBZ, 48dBZ, 49dBZ, 50dBZ, 51dBZ, 52dBZ, 53dBZ, 54dBZ, 55dBZ, 56dBZ, 57dBZ, 58dBZ, 59dBZ, 60dBZ, etc.

[0085] It can be understood that the weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data at a single moment is the weighted average reflectivity factor data of multiple weather radars at the same moment, at the same altitude or at different altitudes.

[0086] It can be understood that the mosaic data of weather radar reflectivity factors at multiple consecutive moments are weighted average reflectivity factor data of multiple weather radars at different moments at the same altitude or at different altitudes.

[0087] Furthermore, the connected area is a reflectivity factor data area in the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment that is greater than the corresponding reflectivity factor threshold and is connected to each other.

[0088] Furthermore, the mutual connectivity includes four connectivity and / or eight connectivity.

[0089] Furthermore, the method for screening the connected areas includes comparing in sequence whether all connected areas corresponding to two adjacent reflectivity factor thresholds overlap. If there is overlap, the connected areas corresponding to the smaller reflectivity factor threshold are deleted, and the connected areas corresponding to the larger reflectivity factor threshold are retained.

[0090] It can be understood that if there is no overlap, the connected area corresponding to the smaller reflectivity factor threshold and the connected area corresponding to the larger reflectivity factor threshold are retained respectively.

[0091] For example, see Figure 2, set two different reflectivity factor thresholds of 30dBZ and 35dBZ for convective cells from low to high, and obtain the connected areas greater than each reflectivity factor threshold from the weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data at a single moment. The results are shown in Figure 2 In (a), compare whether all connected areas corresponding to the reflectivity factor thresholds 30dBZ and 35dBZ overlap, because Figure 2 In (a), the connected area corresponding to the 35dBZ of the lower convection cell overlaps with the connected area corresponding to 30dBZ, so only the area corresponding to 35dBZ is retained. The result is as follows: Figure 2 (b) Each retained connected area corresponds to a convection cell, and the average value of the coordinates corresponding to all reflectivity factor data in the connected area is taken as the center of the corresponding convection cell, such as Figure 2 Indicated by the “+” mark in (b).

[0092] Furthermore, the specific method for associating the same convective cell identified in the weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data at multiple consecutive moments includes: and The convective cells identified in the weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data at two consecutive moments are paired one by one. The sum of the distance values ​​between the paired convective cells in each pairing combination is calculated. The paired convective cells in the pairing combination with the smallest sum of distance values ​​are identified as the same convective cell at different moments. The above steps are repeated to complete the pairing of all convective cells and the tracking of the motion trajectory of the same convective cell.

[0093] Furthermore, the same convection cell at different times is identified and marked after completion.

[0094] It can be understood that when the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at two consecutive moments respectively identify multiple (m≥2) convective cells, there will be multiple pairing combinations of one-to-one pairing. Specifically: assuming that there are two convective cells at time t, convective cell 1 and convective cell 2, and there are two convective cells at time t+1, convective cell 3 and convective cell 4, there are two pairing combinations of convective cells at these two consecutive moments, namely, convective cell 1 is paired with convective cell 3, and convective cell 2 is paired with convective cell 4, or convective cell 1 is paired with convective cell 4, and convective cell 2 is paired with convective cell 3.

[0095] For example, see Figure 3 ,exist and Two convective cells are identified at each moment, so there are two one-to-one pairing combinations of convective cells at these two consecutive moments, respectively. Figure 3The black solid and dotted lines in the figure represent the sum of the distances between the paired convection cells under the two pairing combinations. It can be seen that the sum of the distances between the paired convection cells under the pairing combination represented by the solid line is the smallest. Therefore, the convection cells connected by the solid line are defined as and The same convective cell at the same moment is assigned unique labels C1 and C2. The above operation is repeated for the weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data at multiple consecutive moments to complete the pairing of all convective cells and the tracking of the motion trajectory of the same convective cell.

[0096] In the collaborative observation target acquisition module:

[0097] In some embodiments, the movement trajectory of the convective cell at a future moment is predicted based on the position of the same convective cell at a current moment and a historical moment, and suitable convective cells are selected as targets for collaborative observation based on the intensity change of the convective cell reflectivity factor and the movement direction of the trajectory at a future moment.

[0098] Furthermore, according to the Time and The moving trajectory before time is used to predict the convective cell. The moving trajectory after time ,in Indicates the future moment The position of the convection cell, It represents the multiple of the future weather radar scanning period, and D represents the multiple of the future weather radar maximum scanning period.

[0099] Furthermore, the future trajectory of the convective cell can be determined Whether it will pass through a preset key observation area ,if , then the moving trajectory of the convection cell is retained; if , the moving trajectory of the convection cell is discarded.

[0100] Furthermore, for the movement trajectory of the retained convective cell, the convective cell is calculated in Reflectivity factor change trend at each moment and the maximum reflectivity factor of the convective cell , , express The average value of the reflectivity factor in the connected area of ​​the convection cell at the moment, express The average value of the reflectivity factor in the connected area of ​​the convection cell at the moment, Indicates the trend of reflectivity factor used to calculate the change trend Weather radar puzzle number, Indicates the number of times the weather radar scan period has passed.

[0101] Furthermore, according to the formula Calculate the priority of the co-observation for each convective cell, where express The weight of express The weight of ,according to The first Q convective cells are selected from the largest to the smallest as targets for collaborative observation, among which, The value should satisfy , M represents the number of weather radars used for collaborative observation.

[0102] For example, see Figure 4 , Figure 4 Three different convective cells are shown in The trajectories before and after the moment, the predicted trajectories of the three different convective cells are track1_p, track2_p and track3_p. If track1_p does not pass through the preset key observation area, the movement trajectory of the convective cell will be discarded; the future movement trajectories of track2_p and track3_p pass through the key observation area, so the movement trajectories of these two convective cells are retained. For the movement trajectory of the retained convective cell, the prediction of the convective cell at the moment is calculated. Reflectivity factor change trend at each moment and the maximum reflectivity factor of the convective cell Determine the priority of coordinated observations for each convective cell.

[0103] In the continuous collaborative observation module:

[0104] In some embodiments, based on the trajectory movement direction of the target convective cell and the distance between the target convective cell and the weather radar, a weather radar with the smallest scanning azimuth angle change is selected from multiple weather radars to perform continuous collaborative observation of the target convective cell.

[0105] Furthermore, the Q convective cells selected in the previous step are matched with cooperative observation weather radars. For a certain convective cell, all I radars whose weather radar observation areas include the convective cell are selected from all available weather radars. If I = 0, that is, the convective cell is outside the range of all available weather radar observation areas, then no cooperative observation is performed on the convective cell; if I = 1, then the weather radar is directly selected to conduct cooperative observation on the convective cell.

[0106] If I>1, then the convection cell is selected Calculate the azimuth angle of the N predicted track points of the convective cell after time t relative to each weather radar. , and the average value of the azimuth variation , ,in Indicates the multiple of the weather radar's maximum scanning period. Indicates the multiple of the weather radar scanning period, At the time indicated, the weather radar with the smallest average azimuth angle change is selected to conduct collaborative observation of the target convective cell.

[0107] Furthermore, after the Q convective cells are matched with the weather radars that have completed the collaborative observation, the same convective cell identified in the weather radar puzzle at the subsequent moment will continue to be collaboratively observed using the weather radar matched at the previous moment until the convective cell disappears or moves out of the observation range of the matching weather radar.

[0108] It can be understood that after the collaborative observation weather radar and the convective cell are matched, the same convective cell identified in the weather radar puzzle at subsequent moments will no longer be screened and matched with the weather radar according to the method described in steps S02 and S03, but will continue to be collaboratively observed using the weather radar matched at the previous moment until the convective cell disappears or moves out of the observation range of the matching weather radar.

[0109] For example, see Figure 5 , Figure 5 The moving tracks of two convective cells (track2_p and track3_p) to be assigned to cooperative observation weather radars are shown. Assume that track2_p, which has a higher priority for cooperative observation, is within the observation range of weather radars R1 and R2. Calculate the azimuths of the N predicted track points on track2_p after time t relative to R1 and R2 respectively. , and calculate the average value of the azimuth change By comparison Figure 5 From the azimuth change of the weather radar R1, we can see that the azimuth change of the weather radar R1 Less than the azimuth change of weather radar R2 Therefore, weather radar R1 is selected to continuously coordinate observations of the convective cell corresponding to track2_p, and weather radar R1 is continued to coordinate observations of the convective cell corresponding to track2_p at subsequent moments until the convective cell corresponding to track2_p disappears or moves out of the observation range of R1.

[0110] In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the collaborative observation method for the entire life history of convective cells as described above.

[0111] The computer device may be a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a PDA, a cloud server, etc. The computer device may interact with the user via a keyboard, a mouse, a remote control, a touchpad, or a voice control device.

[0112] The memory includes at least one type of readable storage medium, including flash memory, hard disk, multimedia card, card-type memory (e.g., SD or D-interface display memory), random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), magnetic storage, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc. In some embodiments, the memory may be an internal storage unit of the computer device, such as the computer device's hard disk or internal memory. In other embodiments, the memory may also be an external storage device of the computer device, such as a plug-in hard disk, Smart Media Card (SMC), Secure Digital (SD) card, Flash Card, etc. Of course, the memory may also include both the internal storage unit of the computer device and its external storage devices. In this embodiment, the memory is often used to store the operating system and various application software installed on the computer device, such as the program code of the collaborative observation method for the full life history of convective cells. In addition, the memory may also be used to temporarily store various types of data that have been output or are about to be output.

[0113] In some embodiments, the processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or other data processing chip. The processor is typically used to control the overall operation of the computer device. In this embodiment, the processor is used to execute program code stored in the memory or process data, such as executing the program code for the collaborative observation method for the full life history of convective cells.

[0114] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes the steps of the collaborative observation method for the full life history of a convective cell as described above.

[0115] The computer-readable storage medium stores an interface display program, and the interface display program can be executed by at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the steps of the collaborative observation method for the full life history of convective cells as described above.

[0116] Experimental example

[0117] The radar echo of a weather process is simulated by meteorological numerical simulation software, and the simulation results are output as 8 frames of data at 6-minute intervals (consistent with the radar scanning cycle). Each frame corresponds to a weather radar scanning cycle. The weather radar reflectivity factor at a height of 2 km for each frame of data is taken as the puzzle data (such as Figure 6 ), where Figure 6 (b) represents the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at time t (current time), Figure 6 (a) represents the weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data at time t-1 (6 minutes before the current time), Figure 6 (c) represents the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at time t+1 (6 minutes after the current time), and so on, we get Figure 6 (df) represents the weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data from time t+2 to time t+6 (each time interval is 6 minutes). According to the above steps S01 to S03, the process and results of the collaborative observation of the entire life history of a convective cell are reproduced.

[0118] According to the description of step S01, in this experimental example, multiple reflectivity factor thresholds (50dBZ, 51dBZ, 52dBZ, 53dBZ, 54dBZ, 55dBZ) from low to high are set for each frame of puzzle data, and the connected areas corresponding to each reflectivity factor threshold are obtained respectively. Figure 7 (a) further shows the results of connected area processing at time t-1, and the connected areas corresponding to reflectivity factor thresholds 51dBZ, 52dBZ, 53dBZ, and 54dBZ are obtained respectively. The connected areas corresponding to reflectivity factor thresholds 51dBZ and 52dBZ overlap, so only the connected area corresponding to reflectivity factor threshold 52dBZ is retained. Similarly, the connected areas corresponding to reflectivity factor thresholds 53dBZ and 54dBZ overlap, so only the connected area corresponding to reflectivity factor threshold 54dBZ is retained. The results of connected areas after overlapping areas are filtered can be found in Figure 7 (b), each of the connected regions after screening corresponds to a convection cell, the center position of which is as follows Figure 7 (b) is marked with a “+”. Repeat the above steps for the other 7 frames of mosaic data, and all the convective cells are identified (e.g. Figure 6 (as indicated by the “+” sign in the ).

[0119] Furthermore, the same convective cell identified in 8 consecutive frames of weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data is correlated. Figure 8 As shown in the figure, two convective cells are identified at time t-1 and time t. There are two pairing combinations of convective cells at these two consecutive moments, as shown in the figure. Figure 8 The black solid line and dotted line in the figure are shown. Comparing the sum of the distance values ​​between the paired convection cells under the two pairing combinations, it can be seen that the sum of the distance values ​​between the paired convection cells under the pairing combination represented by the solid line is the smallest. Therefore, the convection cells connected by the solid line are defined as -1 and The same convective cell at the time is assigned unique labels C2 and C3. Repeat the above operation for the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at other consecutive moments to complete the pairing of all convective cells and the tracking of the motion trajectory of the same convective cell. The results are as follows: Figure 9 shown. Figure 9 In this example, two convective cells were obtained from the weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data at eight consecutive moments. Their corresponding tracks are represented by track 2 and track 3. The "x" mark in each track indicates the center position of the convective cell at the current moment, the black dot indicates the center position of the convective cell at the previous moment, and the gray dot indicates the center position of the convective cell at the future moment.

[0120] According to the description of step S02, in this experimental example, the convective monomers identified according to step S01 are analyzed and the targets for collaborative observation are selected. Specifically, Figure 10 As shown in the figure, based on the positions of convective cells C2 and C3 at time t and time t-1, their trajectory movement directions at future moments are predicted, and the predicted trajectories of convective cells C2 and C3 are track2_p and track3_p. The "x" mark in each trajectory represents the center position of the convective cell at the current moment, the black dot represents the center position of the convective cell at the previous moment, and the white dot represents the center position of the convective cell predicted at the future moment. According to the trajectory movement direction at the future moment, it can be judged that the predicted trajectory track2_p of convective cell C2 will pass through the preset key observation area P (i.e. ), the predicted track track3_p of the convective cell C3 will not pass through the preset key observation area P (i.e. Therefore, the convective cell C2 (corresponding to track 2) is selected as the target of collaborative observation.

[0121] According to the description of step S03, the convective cell C2 selected according to step S02 is assigned to a suitable weather radar for collaborative observation, as follows: Figure 11As shown. Convection cell C2 has two optional cooperative observation radars R1 and R2, which respectively calculate the azimuth angles of the N predicted track points of the convection cell C2's predicted track track2_p after time t relative to R1 and R2. , and calculate the average value of the azimuth change The results are shown in Table 1. Figure 11 From the azimuth changes in Table 1, we can see that the azimuth changes of weather radar R1 are Less than the azimuth change of weather radar R2 Therefore, the weather radar R1 is selected to conduct continuous coordinated observation of the convective cell C2, and the weather radar R1 is continued to be used to conduct coordinated observation of the convective cell C2 at subsequent moments until the convective cell C2 disappears or moves out of the observation range of R1.

[0122] Table 1 Azimuths of R1 and R2 observations and their average values

[0123]

[0124] Figure 12 The results of the coordinated observation of convective cell C2 by radar R1 from time t+1 to time t+6 are shown. It can be seen that the coordinated observation results of radar R1 have good continuity and can clearly reproduce the process of the target convective cell from maturation to weakening, as well as the process of the convective cell in front of it. Assuming that R1 is not selected for coordinated observation according to step S03, but R2 is selected for coordinated observation, the corresponding coordinated observation results are as follows Figure 13 As shown. Figure 12 It can be seen that the results obtained from collaborative observation using radar R2 lack temporal continuity, and the morphology and structure of the convective cell vary greatly, making it difficult to estimate the patterns of its development and evolution. Analysis of the results of this experimental example further demonstrates that collaborative observation using the steps described in this invention can better reproduce the changing patterns of the vertical structure of convective cells, which is of great significance for operational monitoring and early warning, as well as mechanism research.

[0125] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus the necessary general hardware platform, and of course by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk), and includes a number of instructions for enabling a terminal device (which can be a mobile phone, computer, server or network device, etc.) to execute the collaborative observation method for the entire life history of convective monomers described in the embodiment of the present application.

[0126] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A collaborative observation method for the entire life history of convective cells, characterized by: include: Track the motion trajectory of the same convective cell; Screening suitable convective cells as targets for collaborative observations; Select weather radars to conduct continuous coordinated observations of target convective cells; The method for tracking the motion trajectory of the same convective cell includes: identifying the convective cell from the weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data at a single moment, and correlating the same convective cell identified from the weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data at multiple consecutive moments to obtain the motion trajectory tracking of the same convective cell; Based on the current and historical positions of the same convective cell, the future trajectory of the convective cell is predicted. Based on the intensity change of the reflectivity factor of the convective cell and the direction of its trajectory in the future, suitable convective cells are selected as targets for collaborative observation. According to the trajectory movement direction of the target convective cell and the distance between the target convective cell and the weather radar, the weather radar with the smallest scanning azimuth angle change is selected from multiple weather radars to conduct continuous coordinated observation of the target convective cell.

2. The collaborative observation method for the entire life history of a convective cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: For the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment, multiple reflectivity factor thresholds of different convective cells are set from low to high, and the connected areas corresponding to each reflectivity factor threshold are obtained respectively. The connected areas are screened, and each of the screened connected areas corresponds to a convective cell. The average value of the coordinates corresponding to all reflectivity factor data in each screened connected area is taken as the center of the corresponding convective cell, wherein the reflectivity factor threshold is 30dBZ~60dBZ; the connected area is the reflectivity factor data area in the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment that is greater than the corresponding reflectivity factor threshold and is interconnected; the method for screening the connected area includes sequentially comparing whether all the connected areas corresponding to two adjacent reflectivity factor thresholds overlap, and if there is overlap, deleting the connected area corresponding to the smaller reflectivity factor threshold and retaining the connected area corresponding to the larger reflectivity factor threshold.

3. The collaborative observation method for the entire life history of a convective cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method for correlating the same convective cell identified in the weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data at multiple consecutive moments includes: and The convective cells identified in the weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data at two consecutive moments are paired one by one. The sum of the distance values ​​between the paired convective cells in each pairing combination is calculated. The paired convective cells in the pairing combination with the smallest sum of distance values ​​are identified as the same convective cell at different moments. The above steps are repeated to complete the pairing of all convective cells and the tracking of the motion trajectory of the same convective cell.

4. The collaborative observation method for the entire life history of a convective cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to a convection cell Time and The moving trajectory before time is used to predict the convective cell. The moving trajectory after time ,in Indicates the future moment The position of the convection cell, It represents the multiple of the future weather radar scanning period, and D represents the multiple of the future weather radar maximum scanning period; Determine the future movement trajectory of convective cells Whether it will pass through a preset key observation area ,if , then the moving trajectory of the convection cell is retained; if , then the moving trajectory of the convection cell is discarded; For the movement trajectory of the retained convective cell, calculate the convective cell in Reflectivity factor change trend at each moment and the maximum reflectivity factor of the convective cell , , express The average value of the reflectivity factor in the connected area of ​​the convection cell at the moment, express The average value of the reflectivity factor in the connected area of ​​the convection cell at the moment, Indicates the trend of reflectivity factor used to calculate the change trend Weather radar puzzle number, Indicates the multiple of the past weather radar scanning period; According to the formula Calculate the priority of the co-observation for each convective cell, where express The weight of express The weight of ,according to The first Q convective cells are selected from the largest to the smallest as targets for collaborative observation, among which, The value should satisfy , M represents the number of weather radars used for collaborative observation.

5. The collaborative observation method for the entire life history of a convective cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: Match the Q convective cells selected in the previous step with cooperative observation weather radars. For a certain convective cell, select all I radars whose weather radar observation areas include the convective cell from all available weather radars. If I = 0, that is, the convective cell is outside the range of all available weather radar observation areas, then cooperative observation of the convective cell will not be performed; if I = 1, then the weather radar is directly selected to conduct cooperative observation of the convective cell. If I>1, then the convection cell is selected Calculate the azimuth angle of the N predicted track points of the convective cell after time t relative to each weather radar. , and the average value of the azimuth variation , ,in Indicates the multiple of the weather radar's maximum scanning period. Indicates the multiple of the weather radar scanning period, At the time indicated, the weather radar with the smallest average azimuth angle change is selected to conduct collaborative observation of the target convective cell.

6. The collaborative observation method for the entire life history of a convective cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: After matching Q convective cells with weather radars that have completed collaborative observation, the same convective cell identified in the weather radar puzzle at subsequent moments will continue to be collaboratively observed using the weather radar matched at the previous moment until the convective cell disappears or moves out of the observation range of the matched weather radar.

7. A collaborative observation system for the entire life cycle of convective cells, characterized by: include: Motion trajectory tracking module, used to track the motion trajectory of the same convection cell; Collaborative observation target acquisition module, used to select suitable convective cells as targets for collaborative observation; The continuous collaborative observation module selects weather radar to conduct continuous collaborative observation of target convective cells; The method for tracking the motion trajectory of the same convective cell includes: identifying the convective cell from the weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data at a single moment, and correlating the same convective cell identified from the weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data at multiple consecutive moments to obtain the motion trajectory tracking of the same convective cell; Based on the current and historical positions of the same convective cell, the future trajectory of the convective cell is predicted. Based on the intensity change of the reflectivity factor of the convective cell and the direction of its trajectory in the future, suitable convective cells are selected as targets for collaborative observation. According to the trajectory movement direction of the target convective cell and the distance between the target convective cell and the weather radar, the weather radar with the smallest scanning azimuth angle change is selected from multiple weather radars to conduct continuous coordinated observation of the target convective cell.

8. Computer equipment, characterized in that The device comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that A computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor is caused to perform the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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