A multi-modal polarimetric snapshot imaging system and method

Abstract

The application provides a kind of multimodal polarization snapshot imaging system and imaging method, it is related to multispectral polarization imaging technical field, the imaging system includes: polarization module, for the polarization separation processing of original light beam, to form a plurality of preset polarization direction polarization light beam and a plurality of unpolarized intensity light beam;Filtering module, for the spectral filtering processing of intensity light beam and polarization light beam, form corresponding intensity filtered light beam and polarization filtered light beam;Lens module, for the focusing of intensity filtered light beam and polarization filtered light beam respectively;And sensor module, for the imaging of intensity filtered light beam and polarization filtered light beam after focusing respectively, generate multimodal polarization image, multimodal polarization image includes a plurality of intensity images and a plurality of polarization images corresponding to original light beam.The application has the advantages of flexible parameter configuration, mature and feasible process, high integration, relatively low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of multispectral polarization imaging technology, and in particular to a multimodal polarization snapshot imaging system and imaging method. Background Technology

[0002] Multispectral polarization imaging possesses the capability to detect comprehensive information across multiple dimensions, including spectrum, polarization, intensity, geometry, and time. Multimodal multispectral polarization snapshot imaging technology has wide applications in atmospheric remote sensing, forest vegetation remote sensing, man-made target identification, deep-space terrestrial planet exploration, stellar magnetic field detection, life sciences, and biomedical research. With the development of remote sensing technology, the simultaneous detection of intensity, spectrum, polarization, and geometric information, along with high spatial resolution, miniaturization, and high integration, represents the development trend of polarization remote sensing.

[0003] Based on different polarization imaging operating modes, multispectral polarization imagers can be divided into three types: time-modulated, spatial-modulated, and spectral-modulated. Current technologies for multispectral polarization imagers suffer from low spatial resolution, large size, heavy weight, and high cost, failing to meet the higher demands for payload performance and resources in applications such as aviation and deep space exploration. Therefore, improvements are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a multimodal polarization snapshot imaging system and imaging method to solve the technical problems of low spatial resolution, large size, heavy weight and high cost of multispectral polarization imagers in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention provides a multimodal polarization snapshot imaging system, comprising:

[0006] The polarization module is used to perform polarization separation processing on the original beam to form multiple polarized beams with preset polarization directions and multiple unpolarized intensity beams.

[0007] A filter module is used to perform spectral filtering on the intensity beam and the polarization beam to form corresponding intensity filter beams and polarization filter beams;

[0008] Lens module, used to focus the intensity filter beam and the polarization filter beam respectively; and

[0009] The sensor module is used to image the focused intensity filter beam and the polarization filter beam respectively to generate a multimodal polarization image, which includes multiple intensity images and multiple polarization images corresponding to the original beam.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the polarization module includes:

[0011] Multiple intensity channels, through which the original beam forms an intensity beam, the intensity beam having the same intensity information as the original beam; and

[0012] Multiple polarizers are used to strike the original light beam, forming a polarized light beam with the corresponding polarization direction.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the filter module includes:

[0014] Multiple intensity filters, wherein the intensity beam is incident on the intensity filters to form corresponding intensity filtered beams; and

[0015] Multiple polarizing filters are used, and each polarized beam is incident on multiple polarizing filters to form a corresponding polarized filtered beam.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the number of polarizers is m, the number of polarizing filters is n, and multiple original beams are sequentially incident on m polarizers and n polarizing filters to form m*n polarized filter beams with different polarization directions and bands.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the number of intensity filters is p, and multiple intensity beams are incident on the p intensity filters to form p intensity filter beams of different wavelengths.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the lens module includes:

[0019] Multiple lens groups, each lens group corresponding to one of the intensity filter beams or one of the polarization filter beams; and

[0020] Multiple isolation plates are respectively disposed on the outer side of the optical channel of each lens group.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sensor module is a sensor array of multiple units, or a surface array sensor.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, the multimodal polarization snapshot imaging system further includes a resolution processing module, which is used to perform radiometric calibration processing on multiple intensity images of the multimodal polarization image to generate intensity information of the original beam.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, the solution processing module is further configured to calculate the Stokes parameter of each pixel in the multiple polarization images of the multimodal polarization image to generate the polarization information of the original beam.

[0024] The present invention also provides a multimodal polarization snapshot imaging method, comprising:

[0025] The original beam is subjected to polarization separation processing to form multiple polarized beams with preset polarization directions and multiple unpolarized intensity beams;

[0026] The intensity beam and the polarization beam are subjected to spectral filtering to form corresponding intensity filtered beams and polarization filtered beams;

[0027] The intensity filter beam and the polarization filter beam are focused respectively;

[0028] The focused intensity filter beam and the polarization filter beam are imaged respectively to generate a multimodal polarization image, which includes multiple intensity images and multiple polarization images corresponding to the original beam.

[0029] As described above, the multimodal polarization snapshot imaging system and imaging method of the present invention have the following advantages: the present invention has the advantages of flexible parameter configuration, mature and simple process, high integration and relatively low cost. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multimodal polarization snapshot imaging system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a polarization module and a filter module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a lens module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of a multispectral polarization image provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a multimodal polarization snapshot imaging method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] In the picture:

[0036] 100. Polarization module; 110. Intensity channel; 120. Polarizer; 121. First direction polarizer; 122. Second direction polarizer; 123. Third direction polarizer;

[0037] 200. Filter module; 210. Intensity filter; 220. Polarizing filter; 221. First band filter; 222. Second band filter; 223. Third band filter;

[0038] 300. Lens module; 310. Lens group; 311. Intensity band microlens; 312. Polarization band microlens; 320. Isolation plate;

[0039] 400. Sensor module;

[0040] 500. Multimodal polarization image; 510. Polarization image; 520. Intensity image. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features described therein can be combined with each other.

[0042] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0043] In the following description, numerous details are explored to provide a more thorough explanation of embodiments of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other embodiments, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form rather than in detail to avoid obscuring embodiments of the invention.

[0044] This invention provides a multimodal polarization snapshot imaging system and method, relating to the field of multispectral polarization imaging technology. It can be specifically applied to solve problems in existing multispectral polarization imaging technologies, such as low spatial resolution, large size, heavy weight, high cost, difficult assembly and adjustment, and long development cycle. This invention can meet the higher demands of aviation and deep space exploration for payload performance and resources. Detailed descriptions are provided below through specific embodiments.

[0045] Please see Figure 1In one embodiment of the present invention, the multimodal polarization snapshot imaging system of the present invention may include a polarization module 100, a filter module 200, a lens module 300, and a sensor module 400 arranged sequentially along the propagation direction of the original beam. The polarization module 100 is used for polarization separation processing of the original beam. Specifically, the polarization module 100 can filter beams with preset polarization directions from the original beam, thereby forming multiple polarized beams. Simultaneously, the polarization module 100 can also be used to allow the original beam to pass directly without being affected by the polarizer, thereby forming an intensity beam. The filter module 200 is used to perform spectral filtering processing on the intensity beam and the polarized beam, thereby forming multiple intensity filtered beams and multiple polarization filtered beams. The lens module 300 is used to focus the multiple intensity filtered beams and multiple polarization filtered beams respectively. The sensor module 400 is used to image the focused intensity filtered beams and polarization filtered beams respectively, forming a multimodal polarization image of the original beam. In this embodiment, the multimodal polarization image includes intensity images generated corresponding to the multiple intensity filtered beams and polarization images generated corresponding to the multiple polarization filtered beams.

[0046] Please see Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, the polarization module 100 can be used to simultaneously analyze the intensity and polarization characteristics of the original light beam, suitable for applications requiring rapid and accurate imaging, such as remote sensing, biomedical imaging, and environmental monitoring. For example, in remote sensing technology, light intensity information can help determine the reflectivity of an object's surface, while polarization information can provide additional information about the object's surface properties (e.g., roughness, material type, etc.). In this embodiment, the polarization module 100 may include an intensity channel 110 and multiple polarizers 120. The intensity channel 110 may be a blank area, i.e., no polarizers or other optical elements are installed within it. When the original light beam passes through the intensity channel 110, it is not subjected to any polarization processing, thus preserving its original intensity information. The multiple polarizers 120 have different polarization directions, which can be used to analyze the characteristics of the original light beam under different polarization states. In this embodiment, the original light beam is incident on multiple polarizers 120, which can respectively form polarized beams with corresponding polarization directions. The polarizers 120 may employ high extinction ratio polarizers, with an extinction ratio greater than or equal to 200. Therefore, when the original beam of light passes through the polarizer, light in directions other than the desired polarization is greatly attenuated, while light in the desired polarization is attenuated as little as possible, which can be used to precisely control the polarization of light.

[0047] Please see Figure 2In one embodiment of the present invention, the number of polarizers 120 can be set to three, which can be distinguished as a first directional polarizer 121, a second directional polarizer 122, and a third directional polarizer 123. After the original beam passes through the first directional polarizer 121, the second directional polarizer 122, and the third directional polarizer 123, it can form linearly polarized light with vibration directions of θ1, θ2, and θ3. In this embodiment, the above three polarizers 120 can correspond to different polarization directions such as 0°, 60°, and 120°, respectively, so as to comprehensively obtain the polarization information of the original beam. The shape of the polarizer 120 can be a 1*3 rectangular unit, and the first directional polarizer 121, the second directional polarizer 122, and the third directional polarizer 123 can be arranged side by side in the horizontal direction to form a 3*3 square array. The shape of the intensity channel 110 can be an L-shaped array composed of seven 1*1 square unit channels, and the L-shaped array can be connected to the two sides of the above 3*3 square array. Therefore, the polarization module 100 can be a 4x4 square array. After the original beam passes through the polarization module 100, it can form three polarized beams with different vibration directions and seven beams with the same intensity.

[0048] Please see Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, the filtering module 200 may include multiple intensity filters 210 and multiple polarization filters 220. The intensity filters 210 are used to perform intensity spectral separation on an intensity beam. Spectral intensity separation refers to the process of separating light according to its different wavelengths and measuring the light intensity at each wavelength. In this embodiment, after the intensity beam is incident on the intensity filter 210, an intensity filtered beam corresponding to the wavelength can be formed. The polarization filters 220 are used to perform polarization spectral separation on a polarization beam. Polarization spectral separation refers to the process of further separating polarized light according to its spectral composition, based on the separation according to the polarization state of the light. In this embodiment, multiple polarized beams can be incident on each polarization filter 220, thereby forming a corresponding polarization filtered beam. In this embodiment, both the intensity filters 210 and the polarization filters 220 are narrowband high out-of-band suppression filters. Narrowband high out-of-band suppression filters allow light to pass through a very narrow range of wavelengths while blocking or greatly reducing light of other wavelengths. Therefore, they have high center wavelength selectivity and can precisely select the desired spectral range.

[0049] Please see Figure 2In one embodiment of the present invention, the number of polarizing filters can be set to three, which can be divided into a first-band filter 221, a second-band filter 222, and a third-band filter 223, corresponding to the filtering bands λ1, λ2, and λ3, respectively. In this embodiment, the shape of the polarizing filter can be a 3*1 rectangular unit. The first-band filter 210, the second-band filter 220, and the third-band filter 230 can be connected side by side in a vertical direction to form a 3*3 square array. In this embodiment, according to the propagation direction of the polarized beam, the array composed of multiple polarizers 120 can be perpendicularly projected onto the array composed of multiple polarizing filters 220, and the array arrangement direction of the polarizers 120 is perpendicular to the array arrangement direction of the polarizing filters 220. Therefore, when the number of polarizers 120 is m and the number of polarizing filters 220 is n, multiple original beams can form m*n polarized filtered beams after passing through m polarizers 120 and n polarizing filters 220 in sequence, and each polarized filtered beam has a different polarization direction and wavelength. For example, multiple original beams can pass through a first-direction polarizer 120, a second-direction polarizer 130, and a third-direction polarizer 140 to form polarized beams with three polarization directions. These three polarized beams can then pass through a first-band filter 221, a second-band filter 222, and a third-band filter 223 to form nine polarized filtered beams.

[0050] Please see Figure 2 In one embodiment of the present invention, when the number of intensity filters 210 is p, multiple intensity beams incident on p intensity filters 210 can form p intensity filtered beams of different wavelength bands. For example, the number of intensity filters 210 can be set to 7, corresponding to filtering wavelength bands λ4, λ5, λ6, λ7, λ8, λ9, and λ1, respectively. 10 Multiple intensity beams are incident on seven intensity filters 210, thereby generating intensity-filtered beams corresponding to the aforementioned seven wavelength bands. In this embodiment, the shape formed by the multiple intensity filters 210 is the same as the shape of the intensity channel 110. Therefore, according to the propagation direction of the intensity beams, the array of intensity channels 110 can be perpendicularly projected onto the array of multiple intensity filters 210. After the original beam passes through the intensity channel 110, it forms an intensity beam, which then passes through the seven intensity filters 210, thereby forming seven intensity-filtered beams corresponding to different wavelength bands.

[0051] Please see Figure 3In one embodiment of the present invention, the lens module 300 may include multiple lens groups 310 and multiple isolation plates 320. The lens groups 310 may be divided into intensity band microlenses 311 and polarization band microlenses 312. The multiple lens groups 310 may be located on the same plane. In this embodiment, the multiple lens groups 310 may form a 4*4 square array. Each intensity band microlens 311 can focus an intensity-filtered light beam, and each polarization band microlens 312 can focus a polarization-filtered light beam. The multiple isolation plates 320 may be respectively disposed outside the optical channel of each lens group 310, thereby isolating the optical channels of each lens group 310 and avoiding optical crosstalk between the optical channels of the various lens groups 310. Optical crosstalk refers to the phenomenon in a system where the light signal emitted by one channel or element interferes with another channel or element. This phenomenon is generally undesirable because it can lead to image quality degradation, signal distortion, or other performance problems. The isolation plates 320 may be made of non-transparent materials such as stainless steel.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the polarization module 100 and the filter module 200 can be set to 0.5 mm, and the size of the lens group 310 can be set to 2.5 mm * 2.5 mm. Therefore, the dimensions of the polarization module 100, the filter module 200, and the lens module 300 all meet the requirements of optical cold processing technology and have a suitable aspect ratio, which can reduce the influence of stray light.

[0053] Please see Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, the sensor module 400 can be a sensor array of multiple units, or it can be a planar array sensor such as a CCD or CMOS. In this embodiment, the original light beam first passes through the polarizer 120 and intensity channel 110 of the polarization module 100, then through the polarization band filter 220 and intensity band filter 210 of the filter module 200, and then is imaged onto the sensor module 400 by the intensity band microlens 311 and polarization band microlens 312. The sensor module 40 takes a snapshot image according to the optical axis direction of the lens module 300, thereby generating a multimodal polarization image of the original light beam.

[0054] Please see Figure 4 In one embodiment of the present invention, the multimodal polarization image 510 is 16-channel image data, including 9 polarization images 510 and 7 intensity images 520. The multimodal polarization image contains intensity information, polarization information, spectral information, and spatial information of the original light beam at the same time.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present invention, the multimodal polarization snapshot imaging system further includes a solution processing module. The solution processing module can be used to perform information solution processing on the multimodal polarization image, thereby generating intensity and polarization information of the original light beam.

[0056] In this embodiment, the processing module first performs geometric matching processing on the captured multimodal polarization images to obtain 16 frames of two-dimensional image data of the original beam. Geometric matching processing corrects geometric deformations between images, enabling alignment of images from different viewpoints and allowing comparison of their corresponding pixels. In this embodiment, the DN value corresponding to pixel coordinates (x, y) is represented as DN. x,y .

[0057] Then, by performing radiometric calibration on multiple intensity images in the multimodal polarization image, the intensity information of the original beam, i.e., the spectral radiance value I, is calculated. k (k = 4, 5, ..., 10).

[0058] Next, the Stokes parameters for each pixel in multiple polarization images are calculated. The Stokes parameters include I, Q, and U. Where I represents the total intensity. Q represents the difference between the linear polarization components of light in the horizontal and vertical directions. U represents the difference between the linear polarization components of light in the 60° and 120° directions. In this embodiment, the Stokes parameters of a pixel can satisfy the following formula:

[0059]

[0060] in, This represents the radiance at position (x, y), band k, polarization channel i. and These represent the Stokes parameters Q and U at the same location and under the same conditions, respectively. k is used to distinguish bands, k = 1, 2, 3. 1, 2, 3 represent the three polarization channels involved in the calculation, usually P1, P2, P3. (x, y) represents the corresponding pixel coordinates of the spatial location on the image plane of each channel. The background signal is the signal of each band's three channels P1, P2, and P3. This represents the absolute radiative responsivity of the k-band reference channel. This represents the gain coefficient of the k-band reference channel. This represents the relative transmittance. In this embodiment, P2 is selected as the reference channel from the combination of P1, P2, and P3.

[0061] Finally, the degree of polarization is calculated based on the Stokes parameters of each pixel. polarization degree The following formula can be satisfied:

[0062]

[0063] Furthermore, the polarization degree of each pixel is calculated, and a polarization degree map showing the polarization degree distribution of the entire field of view is generated. This polarization degree map reflects the polarization information of the original light beam. The polarization degree map can help researchers better understand the distribution of polarized light in a scene and is applicable to fields such as remote sensing, astronomical observation, and medical imaging.

[0064] Therefore, this invention integrates intensity, polarization, and spectral detection capabilities on a single sensor surface. It simultaneously acquires the intensity, polarization, spectrum, and geometric information of the original light beam using a snapshot method. While retaining the advantages of traditional multi-aperture multispectral polarization detection technology, such as high polarization extinction ratio, high out-of-band suppression, and multiple bands, it solves the problems of large size, weight, and power consumption associated with traditional multi-aperture multispectral polarization detection technology. This invention eliminates the need for complex optical systems such as spectral modulation gratings and time-modulated rotating components, resulting in a simple system structure, small size, high structural strength, and high reliability. It is particularly suitable for aerospace exploration fields such as Earth observation and planetary exploration in remote sensing.

[0065] Please see Figure 5 The present invention also provides a multimodal polarization snapshot imaging method, applicable to the multimodal polarization snapshot imaging system described in any of the above embodiments. The multimodal polarization snapshot imaging method may include the following steps:

[0066] Step S100: Perform polarization separation processing on the original beam to form multiple polarized beams with preset polarization directions and multiple unpolarized intensity beams.

[0067] Step S200: Perform spectral filtering on the intensity beam and polarization beam to form corresponding intensity filter beam and polarization filter beam;

[0068] Step S300: Focus the intensity filter beam and the polarization filter beam respectively;

[0069] Step S400: Image the focused intensity filter beam and polarization filter beam respectively to generate a multimodal polarization image. The multimodal polarization image includes multiple intensity images and multiple polarization images corresponding to the original beam.

[0070] In one embodiment of the present invention, when step S100 is executed, the original light beam undergoes polarization separation processing to form multiple polarized beams with preset polarization directions and multiple unpolarized intensity beams. Specifically, the polarization module 100 performs polarization separation processing on the original light beam to form multiple polarized beams with preset polarization directions and multiple unpolarized intensity beams. In this embodiment, the polarization module 100 may include an intensity channel 110 and multiple polarizers 120. The intensity channel 110 may be a blank area, i.e., no polarizers or other optical elements are installed within it. When the original light beam passes through the intensity channel 110, it is not subjected to any polarization processing, thus preserving its original intensity information. The multiple polarizers 120 have different polarization directions, which can be used to analyze the characteristics of the original light beam under different polarization states. In this embodiment, the original light beam is incident on multiple polarizers 120, which can respectively form polarized beams with corresponding polarization directions.

[0071] In one embodiment of the present invention, when step S200 is executed, the intensity beam and the polarization beam are subjected to spectral filtering processing to form corresponding intensity filtered beams and polarization filtered beams. Specifically, the intensity beam and the polarization beam are subjected to spectral filtering processing by the filter module 200 to form corresponding intensity filtered beams and polarization filtered beams. In this embodiment, the filter module 200 may include multiple intensity filters 210 and multiple polarization filters 220. The intensity filters 210 can be used to perform intensity spectral splitting on the intensity beam. After the intensity beam is incident on the intensity filter 210, an intensity filtered beam of the corresponding wavelength can be formed. The polarization filters 220 can be used to perform polarization spectral splitting on the polarization beam. Multiple polarization beams can be incident on each polarization filter 220, thereby forming a corresponding polarization filtered beam.

[0072] In one embodiment of the present invention, when step S300 is executed, the intensity filter beam and the polarization filter beam are focused respectively. Specifically, the lens module 300 focuses the intensity filter beam and the polarization filter beam respectively. In this embodiment, the lens module 300 may include multiple lens groups 310 and multiple isolation plates 320. The lens groups 310 may be divided into intensity band microlenses 311 and polarization band microlenses 312. The multiple lens groups 310 may be located on the same plane. In this embodiment, the multiple lens groups 310 may form a 4*4 square array. Each intensity band microlens 311 can focus one intensity filter beam, and each polarization band microlens 312 can focus one polarization filter beam. The multiple isolation plates 320 may be respectively disposed outside the optical channel of each lens group 310, thereby isolating the optical channels of each lens group 310 and avoiding optical crosstalk between the optical channels of the various lens groups 310.

[0073] In one embodiment of the present invention, when step S400 is executed, the focused intensity-filtered beam and polarization-filtered beam are imaged respectively to generate a multimodal polarization image. The multimodal polarization image includes multiple intensity images and multiple polarization images corresponding to the original beam. Specifically, the sensor module 400 images the focused intensity-filtered beam and polarization-filtered beam respectively to generate a multimodal polarization image. In this embodiment, the sensor module 400 can be a multi-unit sensor array, or it can be a planar array sensor such as a CCD or CMOS. In this embodiment, the original beam first passes through the polarizer 120 and intensity channel 110 of the polarization module 100, then through the polarization band filter 220 and intensity band filter 210 of the filter module 200, and then is imaged onto the sensor module 400 by the intensity band microlens 311 and polarization band microlens 312. The sensor module 400 takes a snapshot image according to the optical axis direction of the lens module 300, thereby generating a multimodal polarization image of the original beam.

[0074] In summary, the multimodal polarization snapshot imaging system and method disclosed in this invention offer flexible configuration of polarization detection direction, polarization detection band, intensity detection band, and microlens group. The parameters are flexibly configured, and the system exhibits excellent matching capabilities for application technical indicators. This invention employs an independent microlens group design and surface array detection, achieving high spatial resolution and a certain swath width detection capability, thus solving the problems of low spatial resolution and narrow swath width in traditional aperture-splitting multispectral polarization detection technologies. This invention utilizes microlens groups manufactured using traditional optical processing techniques, high extinction ratio polarizers, and narrowband filter components with high out-of-band suppression using traditional processes. The processes are relatively mature and simple, with high integration, relatively low cost, and high feasibility, solving the problems of large size, heavy weight, and high cost in traditional aperture-splitting multispectral polarization detection systems. Furthermore, this invention can be configured with multiple bands and spectral ranges, making it suitable for remote sensing applications such as atmospheric aerosol detection. Therefore, this invention effectively overcomes the various shortcomings of existing technologies and possesses high industrial applicability.

[0075] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multimodal polarization snapshot imaging system, characterized in that, include: A polarization module is used to perform polarization separation processing on the original light beam to form multiple polarized beams with preset polarization directions and multiple unpolarized intensity beams. The polarization module includes: Multiple intensity channels, through which the original beam forms an intensity beam, the intensity beam having the same intensity information as the original beam; and Multiple polarizers are used to form polarized beams with corresponding polarization directions, wherein the extinction ratio of the polarizers is greater than or equal to 200. A filtering module is used to perform spectral filtering processing on the intensity beam and the polarization beam to form corresponding intensity filtered beams and polarization filtered beams. The filtering module includes: Multiple intensity filters, wherein the intensity beam is incident on the intensity filters to form corresponding intensity filtered beams; and Multiple polarization filters are provided, and each polarized beam is incident on multiple polarization filters to form a corresponding polarization filtered beam. The intensity filter and the polarization filter are narrowband high out-of-band suppression filters. A lens module is used to focus the intensity filter beam and the polarization filter beam respectively, the lens module comprising: Multiple lens groups, each lens group corresponding to one of the intensity filter beams or one of the polarization filter beams; and Multiple spacers are respectively disposed on the outer side of the optical channel of each lens group, and the spacers are made of non-transparent material; and The sensor module is used to image the focused intensity-filtered beam and the polarization-filtered beam respectively, generating a multimodal polarization image, wherein the multimodal polarization image includes multiple intensity images and multiple polarization images corresponding to the original beam. The calculation and processing module is used to perform radiometric calibration processing on multiple intensity images of the multimodal polarization image to generate the intensity information of the original beam, and to calculate the Stokes parameter of each pixel in the multiple polarization images of the multimodal polarization image to generate the polarization information of the original beam. The polarization module, the filter module, the lens module, and the sensor module are arranged sequentially along the propagation direction of the original light beam.

2. The multimodal polarization snapshot imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of polarizers is m, and the number of polarizing filters is n. Multiple original beams are sequentially incident on the m polarizers and n polarizing filters, forming m... n polarization filter beams with different polarization directions and wavelengths.

3. The multimodal polarization snapshot imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of intensity filters is p, and multiple intensity beams are incident on the p intensity filters to form p intensity filter beams of different wavelengths.

4. The multimodal polarization snapshot imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor module is a sensor array of multiple units, or a surface array sensor.

5. A multimodal polarization snapshot imaging method, characterized in that, The multimodal polarization snapshot imaging method is applied to the multimodal polarization snapshot imaging system as described in any one of claims 1-4, and the method includes: The original beam is subjected to polarization separation processing to form multiple polarized beams with preset polarization directions and multiple unpolarized intensity beams; The intensity beam and the polarization beam are subjected to spectral filtering to form corresponding intensity filtered beams and polarization filtered beams; The intensity filter beam and the polarization filter beam are focused respectively; The focused intensity filter beam and the polarization filter beam are imaged respectively to generate a multimodal polarization image, which includes multiple intensity images and multiple polarization images corresponding to the original beam.

Images