Antenna unit, antenna device, and communication device

Abstract

An antenna unit, an antenna device and a communication device relate to the technical field of communication. The antenna unit comprises a radiation patch and a parasitic patch which are arranged in a stacked mode and separated from each other, the radiation patch is provided with a plurality of feed ports and a plurality of slot grooves, the slot openings of the slot grooves face different feed ports, the slot grooves are slot-shaped slots penetrating through the radiation patch in the first direction, and the parasitic patch is arranged in the slot-shaped slots. The first direction is the direction in which the radiation patch points to the parasitic patch; wherein the radiation patch is in the shape of a polygon, at least two feed ports are arranged on different diagonal lines of the polygon, and the feed ports located on the different diagonal lines are used for transmitting electric signals with the same amplitude and different phases.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna unit, an antenna device and a communication device. Background Art

[0002] With the popularization of the fourth generation of mobile communication technology and the rapid development of the fifth generation of mobile communication technology, the number of mobile communication devices is increasing, and users have put forward higher requirements for the data transmission rate of mobile communication. Antennas are an important part of mobile communications, responsible for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic waves, and their performance has a great impact on the entire communication system. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present disclosure provides an antenna unit, comprising: a radiation patch and a parasitic patch which are stacked and separated from each other, wherein the radiation patch is provided with a plurality of feeding ports and a plurality of slots, wherein the slots of the plurality of slots face different feeding ports, and the slots are slot-shaped slots which penetrate the radiation patch in a first direction, and the first direction is a direction in which the radiation patch points to the parasitic patch;

[0004] The radiation patch is in the shape of a polygon, and at least two feeding ports are arranged on different diagonals of the polygon. The feeding ports located on different diagonals are used to transmit electrical signals with the same amplitude and different phases.

[0005] In some embodiments, the slot is symmetrical with respect to a first diagonal line, and a feeding port to which the slot opening faces is disposed on the first diagonal line.

[0006] In some embodiments, the plurality of feeding ports are arranged axially symmetrically, and the axis of symmetry is the axis of symmetry of the polygon.

[0007] In some embodiments, the polygon includes a long side and a short side, and the plurality of feeding ports are disposed close to the same short side.

[0008] In some embodiments, the feeding ports located on the same diagonal line are used to transmit electrical signals with the same amplitude and the same phase, and the feeding ports located on different diagonals are used to transmit electrical signals with the same amplitude and opposite phase.

[0009] In some embodiments, the antenna unit further includes:

[0010] a dielectric plate, disposed on a side of the radiation patch away from the parasitic patch; and

[0011] A reflector plate, arranged on a side of the dielectric plate away from the radiation patch;

[0012] In the orthographic projection on the reflector, the radiation patch is located within the range of the dielectric plate, the dielectric plate is located within the range of the parasitic patch, and the parasitic patch is located within the range of the reflector.

[0013] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the slot groove is U-shaped, V-shaped, semicircular, semi-elliptical or semi-polygonal, and the cross-sectional shape is a cross-sectional shape of the slot groove perpendicular to the first direction.

[0014] In some embodiments, the distance between the bottom of the slot and the feeding port is greater than or equal to 5 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm; and / or

[0015] The slit width of the slit groove is greater than or equal to 0.9 mm and less than or equal to 1.1 mm; and / or

[0016] The ratio of the length of the bottom of the slot to the length of the slot wall is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.62; and / or

[0017] The radiation patch is in a rectangular shape, and the ratio of two adjacent sides in the rectangle is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 1.06.

[0018] The present disclosure provides an antenna device, comprising at least one array element, wherein the array element comprises one or more antenna units as described in any one of the items, and multiple antenna units located in the same array element are arranged in sequence along a third direction.

[0019] In some embodiments, the array element includes a plurality of antenna units arranged in a coplanar manner; and

[0020] The radiation patch is in the shape of a polygon, and multiple feeding ports located in the same antenna unit are arranged close to the first side of the polygon. The direction in which the geometric center of the polygon points to the first side is the second direction. The first directions of the multiple antenna units arranged coplanarly are the same, and the second directions of the multiple antenna units arranged coplanarly are the same.

[0021] In some embodiments, the array element further includes:

[0022] The decoupling structure is centrally arranged between two adjacent antenna units and is separated from the two adjacent antenna units.

[0023] In some embodiments, the array element further includes: a bottom plate disposed between two adjacent antenna units, the decoupling structure being located on a side of the bottom plate close to the radiation patch;

[0024] The decoupling structure includes: one or more metal plates, and the plurality of metal plates are arranged along a third direction and are spaced apart from each other.

[0025] In some embodiments, the length of the metal plate in the fourth direction is the same as the size of the antenna unit in the fourth direction, and the fourth direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the third direction; and / or

[0026] The distance between two adjacent metal plates is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm; and / or

[0027] The ratio of the thickness of the metal plate in the first direction to the width of the metal plate in the third direction is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1; and / or

[0028] The number of metal plates in the same decoupling structure is greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 8.

[0029] In some embodiments, the array element further includes a bottom plate disposed between two adjacent antenna units, and the decoupling structure is located on a side of the bottom plate close to the radiation patch;

[0030] The decoupling structure includes: one or more E-type structures, and a grounding post connecting a grounding point of the E-type structure and the bottom plate, the E-type structure is arranged parallel to the bottom plate, the multiple E-type structures are arranged separately from each other in a plane parallel to the bottom plate, and are arranged in sequence in a fourth direction, the fourth direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the third direction;

[0031] The opening direction of the E-shaped structure is along the fourth direction, and the opening directions of the plurality of E-shaped structures are the same.

[0032] In some embodiments, the E-shaped structure includes a bottom edge extending along a third direction, and three interdigitated fingers located on the same side of the bottom plate and spaced apart from each other, and the grounding point is disposed on the interdigitated fingers;

[0033] The ratio of the spacing between two adjacent interdigits to the width of the bottom edge in the third direction is greater than or equal to 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.65; and / or

[0034] The ratio of the length of the fork in the fourth direction to the width of the base in the third direction is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 1.1; and / or

[0035] The ratio of the distance between the bottom edge and the grounding point to the width of the bottom edge in the third direction is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.525; and / or

[0036] The ratio of the width of the interdigital fingers in the third direction to the width of the base in the third direction is greater than or equal to 0.05 and less than or equal to 0.2; and / or

[0037] The width of the bottom edge in the third direction is greater than or equal to 0.09λ and less than or equal to 0.11λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the antenna device; and / or

[0038] The distance between two adjacent E-shaped structures is greater than or equal to 0.1λ and less than or equal to 0.2λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the antenna device; and / or

[0039] The number of E-type structures in the same decoupling structure is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 3.

[0040] In some embodiments, the decoupling structure includes:

[0041] One or more coupled bent resonators, wherein the coupled bent resonators are arranged parallel to the radiation patch, the multiple coupled bent resonators are arranged separately from each other in a plane parallel to the radiation patch, and are arranged in sequence in a fourth direction, and the fourth direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the third direction;

[0042] The coupled bending resonator includes: two bending units, the bending unit includes a first extension portion, a second extension portion, and a bending portion located between the first extension portion and the second extension portion, the first extension portion and the second extension portion both extend along a fourth direction, two ends of the bending portion are respectively connected to the middle position of the first extension portion and the end of the second extension portion, the two bending units share the same second extension portion, and the first extension portions of the two bending units are located on opposite sides of the second extension portion, and the bending portions of the two bending units are connected to different ends of the second extension portion.

[0043] In some embodiments, the bending portion has a third extending portion parallel to the first extending portion and the second extending portion;

[0044] wherein the ratio of the distance between the first extension portion and the third extension portion to the length of the first extension portion in the fourth direction is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.15; and / or

[0045] The ratio of the distance between the third extension portion and the second extension portion to the length of the first extension portion in the fourth direction is greater than or equal to 0.14 and less than or equal to 0.165; and / or

[0046] The ratio of the width of the first extension portion in the third direction to the length of the first extension portion in the fourth direction is greater than or equal to 0.08 and less than or equal to 0.1; and / or

[0047] A ratio of a length of the second extension portion in the fourth direction to a length of the first extension portion in the fourth direction is greater than or equal to 1.1 and less than or equal to 1.25; and / or

[0048] The ratio of the width of the second extension portion in the third direction to the length of the first extension portion in the fourth direction is greater than or equal to 0.04 and less than or equal to 0.05; and / or

[0049] The length of the first extension portion in the fourth direction is greater than or equal to 0.07λ and less than or equal to 0.08λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the antenna device; and / or

[0050] The spacing between two adjacent coupled folded resonators is greater than or equal to 0.1λ and less than or equal to 0.15λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the antenna device; and / or

[0051] The number of coupled folded resonators in the same decoupling structure is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 3.

[0052] In some embodiments, in the first direction, a ratio of a height of the decoupling structure to a height of the parasitic patch is greater than or equal to 0.8 and less than or equal to 1.2.

[0053] In some embodiments, the array element includes a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit, and the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are located in different planes.

[0054] In some embodiments, the radiation patch is in the shape of a polygon, a plurality of feeding ports located in the same antenna unit are arranged close to a first side of the polygon, and a direction in which the geometric center of the polygon points to the first side is the second direction;

[0055] The angle between the first direction of the first antenna unit and the first direction of the second antenna unit is equal to the angle between the second direction of the first antenna unit and the second direction of the second antenna unit, and the angle is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°.

[0056] In some implementations, within the same array element, a distance between two adjacent antenna units is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 50 mm.

[0057] In some embodiments, the antenna device includes N array elements, the N array elements are arranged along different sides of a regular N-gon, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3; and

[0058] The parasitic patch of the antenna unit is located on a side of the radiation patch away from the geometric center of the regular N-gon.

[0059] In some implementations, the third direction of the array element is perpendicular to the plane where the regular N-gon is located.

[0060] In some embodiments, the radiation patch is in the shape of a polygon, a plurality of feeding ports located in the same antenna unit are arranged close to a first side of the polygon, and a direction in which the geometric center of the polygon points to the first side is the second direction;

[0061] In the N array elements, the second directions of the antenna units are all along the clockwise direction or the counterclockwise direction.

[0062] In some embodiments, the ratio of the side length of the regular N-gon to the dimension of the array element along the direction in which the side length extends is greater than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 1.35.

[0063] The present disclosure provides a communication device, comprising: the antenna device as described in any one of the items; and a feeding network connected to a feeding port of the antenna unit and used to feed an electrical signal into the feeding port.

[0064] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present disclosure. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present disclosure, it can be implemented according to the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present disclosure more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present disclosure are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure or related technologies, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technical descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. It should be noted that the proportions in the drawings are only for illustration and do not represent the actual proportions.

[0066] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an antenna unit provided by the present disclosure is exemplarily shown;

[0067] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a planar structure of an antenna unit provided by the present disclosure is exemplarily shown;

[0068] Figure 3 The simulation results of an antenna unit provided by the present disclosure are shown exemplarily;

[0069] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the planar structure of the first array element is exemplarily shown;

[0070] Figure 5The cross-sectional structure diagram of the first type of array element is exemplarily shown;

[0071] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the planar structure of the second array element is exemplarily shown;

[0072] Figure 7 The cross-sectional structure diagram of the second array element is exemplarily shown;

[0073] Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the planar structure of the third array element is shown exemplarily;

[0074] Fig. 9 The cross-sectional structure diagram of the third type of array element is exemplarily shown;

[0075] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a fourth type of array element from a first perspective is exemplarily shown;

[0076] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of a second viewing angle of a fourth type of array element is exemplarily shown;

[0077] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of a first viewing angle in which the first type of array elements are arranged along a regular quadrilateral is exemplarily shown;

[0078] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of a second viewing angle in which the first type of array elements are arranged along a regular quadrilateral is exemplarily shown;

[0079] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of a second viewing angle in which the first type of array elements are arranged along a regular triangle is exemplarily shown;

[0080] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of a first viewing angle in which the second type of array elements are arranged along a regular quadrilateral is exemplarily shown;

[0081] Fig.16 A schematic diagram of a second viewing angle in which the second type of array elements are arranged along a regular quadrilateral is exemplarily shown;

[0082] Fig.17 A schematic diagram of a second viewing angle in which the second type of array elements are arranged along a regular triangle is exemplarily shown;

[0083] Fig.18 A schematic diagram of a first viewing angle in which the third type of array elements are arranged along a regular quadrilateral is exemplarily shown;

[0084] Fig.19 A schematic diagram of a second viewing angle in which the third type of array elements are arranged along a regular quadrilateral is exemplarily shown;

[0085] Fig. 20 A schematic diagram of a second viewing angle in which the third type of array elements are arranged along a regular triangle is exemplarily shown;

[0086] Fig.21 A schematic diagram of a second viewing angle in which the fourth type of array elements are arranged along a regular quadrilateral is exemplarily shown;

[0087] Fig. 22 A schematic diagram of a second viewing angle in which the fourth type of array elements are arranged along a regular triangle is exemplarily shown;

[0088] Fig.23 The simulation results of several antenna devices are shown as examples. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0089] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0090] The present disclosure provides an antenna unit, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the antenna unit includes: a radiation patch 11 and a parasitic patch 12 which are stacked and separated from each other, a plurality of feeding ports 13 and a plurality of slots 14 are provided on the radiation patch 11, the slot openings of the plurality of slots 14 face different feeding ports 13, the slots 14 are slot-shaped slots which penetrate the radiation patch 11 in a first direction f1, and the first direction f1 is the direction from the radiation patch 11 to the parasitic patch 12.

[0091] The radiation patch 11 is in the shape of a polygon, and at least two feeding ports 13 are arranged on different diagonals of the polygon. The feeding ports 13 located on different diagonals are used to transmit electrical signals with the same amplitude and different phases.

[0092] like Figure 1 As shown, the slot-shaped gap is a through hole that penetrates the radiation patch 11 in the first direction f1.

[0093] For example, Figure 2 As shown, the radiation patch 11 is rectangular in shape and has two diagonals, namely, the diagonal connecting the upper left corner and the lower right corner, i.e., the upper left-lower right diagonal, and the diagonal connecting the upper right corner and the lower left corner, i.e., the upper right-lower left diagonal. Two feeding ports 13 are arranged on the radiation patch 11, wherein the feeding port 13 on the right side is arranged on the upper left-lower right diagonal, and the feeding port 13 on the left side is arranged on the upper right-lower left diagonal. In this way, by applying electrical signals with the same amplitude and different phases to the feeding ports 13 located on different diagonals, ±45° dual polarization can be formed.

[0094] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, two slots 14 are provided on the radiation patch 11 , the slot opening of the right slot 14 faces the feeding port 13 on the right, and the slot opening of the left slot 14 faces the feeding port 13 on the left.

[0095] When an electrical signal is fed into the feed port 13, electromagnetic energy is radiated through the radiation patch 11 and the parasitic patch 12. The antenna unit provided by the present disclosure can change the impedance of the radiation patch 11 by setting a slot groove 14 with a notch facing the feed port 13 on the radiation patch 11, thereby widening the impedance bandwidth of the antenna unit. The impedance bandwidth refers to the frequency range in which the impedance change of the antenna unit does not exceed a certain range within a certain frequency range, that is, the frequency range in which the antenna can work normally, which is conducive to realizing a dual-polarization broadband microstrip antenna.

[0096] By adjusting the size of the radiation patch 11, such as the side length of the polygonal radiation patch 11, multi-mode excitation can be generated to broaden the impedance bandwidth of the antenna unit. The parasitic patch 12 forms a parasitic capacitor with the radiation patch 11. By adjusting the size of the parasitic capacitor, the gain of the antenna unit can be increased, and the resonant frequency of the antenna unit can also be adjusted.

[0097] Exemplarily, the cross-sectional shape of the slot 14 is U-shaped (eg Figure 2 The cross section is a cross section of the slot 14 perpendicular to the first direction f1.

[0098] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the slot 14 is symmetrical with respect to the first diagonal line, and a feeding port 13 to which the slot opening of the slot 14 faces is provided on the first diagonal line.

[0099] like Figure 2 As shown, the first diagonal line can be any diagonal line of the polygon. For each slot 14, the slot opening of the slot 14 faces a corresponding feeding port 13, the first diagonal line of the slot 14 is the diagonal line where the feeding port 13 corresponding to the slot 14 is located, and the slot 14 is symmetrical about its first diagonal line axis.

[0100] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, two slots 14 are provided on the radiation patch 11, and the slot opening of the right slot 14 faces the feeding port 13 on the right, and the first diagonal line of the right slot 14 is the upper left-lower right diagonal line, that is, the right slot 14 is symmetrical about the upper left-lower right diagonal line. Similarly, the slot opening of the left slot 14 faces the feeding port 13 on the left, and the first diagonal line of the left slot 14 is the upper right-lower left diagonal line, that is, the left slot 14 is symmetrical about the upper right-lower left diagonal line.

[0101] In some embodiments, the plurality of feeding ports 13 are axially symmetrically arranged, and the axis of symmetry is a polygonal axis of symmetry.

[0102] For example, Figure 2 As shown, the radiation patch 11 is in the shape of a rectangle, and two feeding ports 13 are arranged on the radiation patch 11. The symmetry axis of the two feeding ports 13 is the midline connecting the midpoints of the upper and lower sides of the rectangle, and the midline is also the symmetry axis of the rectangle.

[0103] In some embodiments, the polygon includes a long side and a short side, and the plurality of feeding ports 13 are disposed close to the same short side.

[0104] For example, Figure 2 As shown, the radiation patch 11 is in the shape of a rectangle, and two feeding ports 13 are provided on the radiation patch 11. The two feeding ports 13 are close to the same short side of the rectangle (such as Figure 2 The lower short side in the ) setting.

[0105] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the feed ports 13 located on the same diagonal are used to transmit electrical signals with the same amplitude and phase, and the feed ports 13 located on different diagonals are used to transmit electrical signals with the same amplitude and opposite phase. This is conducive to generating multi-mode excitation and widening the impedance bandwidth of the antenna unit.

[0106] For example, Figure 2 As shown, two feeding ports 13 are provided on the radiation patch 11, the two feeding ports 13 are located on different diagonals, and the two feeding ports 13 are used to transmit electrical signals with the same amplitude and opposite phases. That is, the two feeding ports 13 are fed in an equal-radius anti-phase feeding mode.

[0107] In some embodiments, the antenna unit also includes: a dielectric plate 15, which is arranged on the side of the radiation patch 11 away from the parasitic patch 12; and a reflector 16, which is arranged on the side of the dielectric plate 15 away from the radiation patch 11; in the orthographic projection on the reflector 16, the radiation patch 11 is located within the range of the dielectric plate 15, the dielectric plate 15 is located within the range of the parasitic patch 12, and the parasitic patch 12 is located within the range of the reflector 16.

[0108] By providing a reflector 16 with a larger size, the downward radiation of the radiation patch 11 can be reflected back, which is beneficial to improving the gain of the antenna unit.

[0109] The antenna unit provided in the present disclosure can be integrally formed using a PCB printing process, which is conducive to realizing an antenna unit with low cost, low processing difficulty, low profile and small volume.

[0110] Exemplarily, the radiation patch 11 , the parasitic patch 12 , and the reflector 16 are all made of copper plates, and the dielectric plate 15 is made of epoxy plate (FR-4).

[0111] In some embodiments, in the orthographic projection on the reflector 16 , the parasitic patch 12 , the radiation patch 11 , the dielectric plate 15 , and the reflector 16 have the same shape.

[0112] Exemplarily, the parasitic patch 12, the radiation patch 11, the dielectric plate 15 and the reflector 16 are all in the shape of a rectangle or a square, and the width-to-length ratio and the direction in which the long sides extend of each rectangle are the same, such as Figure 2 As shown.

[0113] For example, Figure 2 As shown, the parasitic patch 12 is in a rectangular shape, and the ratio of two adjacent sides of the rectangular parasitic patch 12, namely, L1 / L2, is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 1.06.

[0114] For example, Figure 2 As shown, the shape of the dielectric plate 15 is rectangular, and the ratio of two adjacent sides of the rectangular dielectric plate 15, namely, L3 / L4, is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 1.06.

[0115] For example, Figure 2 As shown, the shape of the radiation patch 11 is a rectangle, and the ratio of two adjacent sides in the rectangular radiation patch 11, namely L5 / L6, is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 1.06. By adjusting the two adjacent sides L5 and L6 in the rectangle, multi-mode excitation can be generated.

[0116] For example, Figure 2 As shown, the shape of the reflector 16 is a rectangle, and the ratio of two adjacent sides of the rectangular reflector 16, namely, L10 / L11, is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 1.06.

[0117] For example, Figure 2 As shown, the dielectric plate 15 and the radiation patch 11 are both rectangular in shape, and the ratio of the length of the side of the rectangular dielectric plate 15 parallel to each other to the side of the rectangular radiation patch 11 is 1.10-1.35:1-1.05, such as L3:L5=1.10-1.35:1-1.05, or L4:L6=1.10-1.35:1-1.05.

[0118] For example, Figure 2As shown, the dielectric plate 15 and the reflector 16 are both rectangular in shape, and the ratio of the length of the parallel sides of the rectangular dielectric plate 15 to the length of the parallel sides of the rectangular reflector 16 is 1-1.17:1.4-2.0, such as L3:L10=1-1.17:1.4-2.0, L4:L11=1-1.17:1.4-2.0.

[0119] For example, Figure 2 As shown, the distance L9 between the bottom of the slot 14 and the feeding port 13 is greater than or equal to 5 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm.

[0120] In the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the spacing between two structures refers to the minimum distance between the two structures.

[0121] For example, Figure 2 As shown, the slit width W1 of the slit groove 14 is greater than or equal to 0.9 mm and less than or equal to 1.1 mm. The slit width is the width of the slit groove 14 perpendicular to the extending direction of the slit.

[0122] For example, Figure 2 As shown, the ratio of the groove bottom side length L7 to the groove wall side length L8 of the slit groove 14 is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.62. The groove bottom side length L7 is the size of the groove bottom of the slit groove 14 parallel to the extending direction of the slit, and the groove wall side length L8 is the size of the groove wall of the slit groove 14 parallel to the extending direction of the slit.

[0123] Furthermore, the ratio of the bottom side length L7 of the slit groove 14 to the side length L8 of the groove wall is L7:L8=1-1.05:1.7-2.0.

[0124] Reference Figure 3 The S parameter simulation results of the antenna unit provided by the present disclosure, as well as the directional pattern simulation results of the horizontal plane and the vertical plane are shown. Figure 3 It can be seen from the above figure that within the working frequency band of the antenna unit, S11<-14dB and S21<-20Db, indicating that the antenna unit has good radiation performance.

[0125] The present disclosure provides an antenna device, such as Figures 4 to 22 As shown, the antenna device includes at least one array element 41, and the array element 41 includes one or more antenna units 42 provided in any embodiment, and multiple antenna units 42 located in the same array element 41 are arranged in sequence along the third direction f3.

[0126] Those skilled in the art can understand that the antenna device provided by the present disclosure has the advantages of the above antenna unit 42. The antenna device provided by the present disclosure is conducive to realizing an omnidirectional array antenna with high performance.

[0127] For example, an array element 41 may include an antenna unit 42, two antenna units 42 (such as Figures 4 to 22 As shown), three or more antenna units 42, which is not limited in the present disclosure.

[0128] Exemplarily, the antenna device may include an array element 41 (eg Figures 4 to 11 As shown), two array elements 41, three array elements 41 (as shown Fig.14 , Fig.17 , Fig. 20 and Fig. 22 As shown), four array elements 41 (such as Figure 12 to Figure 13 , Figure 15 to Figure 16 , Figure 18 to Figure 19 as well as Fig.21 The present disclosure does not limit this.

[0129] In some embodiments, Figures 4 to 9 As shown, the array element 41 includes a plurality of antenna units 42 arranged in a coplanar manner. Further, the shape of the radiation patch 11 is a polygon, and the plurality of feeding ports 13 located in the same antenna unit 42 are arranged close to the first side S1 of the polygon, the direction in which the geometric center O of the polygon points to the first side S1 is the second direction f2, the first directions f1 of the plurality of antenna units 42 arranged in a coplanar manner are the same, and the second directions f2 of the plurality of antenna units 42 arranged in a coplanar manner are the same.

[0130] For example, in Figures 4 to 9 In each antenna unit 42, the radiation patch 11 is rectangular in shape, and the two feeding ports 13 are both arranged close to the lower side (ie, the first side S1) of the rectangular radiation patch 11. Accordingly, the second direction f2 is the direction from the center of the rectangle to the lower side.

[0131] For example, Figures 4 to 9 As shown, the array element 41 includes two antenna units 42 arranged in the same plane, and the first directions f1 of the two antenna units 42 are parallel to each other, and the second directions f2 of the two antenna units 42 are parallel to each other.

[0132] In some embodiments, Figures 4 to 9 As shown, the array element 41 further includes: a decoupling structure 44, which is centrally arranged between two adjacent antenna units 42 and is separated from the two adjacent antenna units 42.

[0133] By providing a decoupling structure 44 between two adjacent antenna units 42 , electromagnetic mutual interference between the two adjacent antenna units 42 can be reduced.

[0134] In some embodiments, Figures 4 to 7As shown, the array element 41 further includes a bottom plate 43 disposed between two adjacent antenna units 42 , and the decoupling structure 44 is located on a side of the bottom plate 43 close to the radiation patch 11 .

[0135] For example, Figures 4 to 7 As shown, the distance between two adjacent antenna units 42 is D1, and a bottom plate 43 with a width of D1 and a length of L10 may be provided therein, and the decoupling structure 44 may be centrally arranged on one side of the bottom plate 43 close to the radiation patch 11.

[0136] For example, Figure 5 , Figure 7 or Fig. 9 As shown, the antenna unit 42 also includes a reflector 16 located on the side of the radiation patch 11 away from the parasitic patch 12, and in the same array element 41, the reflector 16 and the bottom plate 43 of multiple antenna units 42 are interconnected to form an integrated structure and are located in the same plane.

[0137] In some embodiments, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the decoupling structure 44 includes: one or more metal plates 45, and the plurality of metal plates 45 are arranged along the third direction f3 and are spaced apart from each other.

[0138] For example, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the metal plate 45 is vertically and centrally arranged on the surface of the bottom plate 43 on the side close to the radiation patch 11 , and the metal plate 45 may be, for example, a copper plate.

[0139] For example, Figure 4 As shown, the length of the metal plate 45 in the fourth direction f4 is the same as the size of the antenna unit 42 in the fourth direction f4, for example, both are L10, and the fourth direction f4 is perpendicular to the first direction f1 and the third direction f3.

[0140] Exemplarily, the first direction f1, the third direction f3, and the fourth direction f4 are perpendicular to each other.

[0141] For example, Figure 5 As shown, the ratio of the width D2 of the metal plate 45 in the third direction f3 to the thickness H1 of the metal plate 45 in the first direction f1 is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.75, that is, D2:H1=0.5-0.75:1.

[0142] For example, Figure 5 As shown, the distance D3 between two adjacent metal plates 45 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0143] For example, Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the number of metal plates 45 located in the same decoupling structure 44 is greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 8. Figure 4 and Figure 5 The number of metal plates 45 in the decoupling structure 44 shown is four.

[0144] In some embodiments, Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the decoupling structure 44 includes: one or more E-type structures 61, and a grounding column 62 connecting the grounding point G1 of the E-type structure 61 and the bottom plate 43. The E-type structure 61 is arranged parallel to the bottom plate 43. The multiple E-type structures 61 are separated from each other in a plane parallel to the bottom plate 43, and are arranged in sequence in a fourth direction f4. The fourth direction f4 is perpendicular to the first direction f1 and the third direction f3. The opening direction of the E-type structure 61 is along the fourth direction f4, and the opening directions of the multiple E-type structures 61 are the same.

[0145] For example, Figure 6 As shown, the second direction f2 is parallel to the fourth direction f4, and the opening direction of the E-shaped structure 61 can be the same as the second direction f2 (eg Figure 6 shown) or vice versa.

[0146] Exemplarily, the material of the E-shaped structure 61 may be copper foil, for example, which is not limited in the present disclosure.

[0147] In some embodiments, Figure 6 As shown, the E-shaped structure 61 includes a bottom edge 611 extending along the third direction f3, and three interdigitated fingers 612 located on the same side of the bottom plate 43 and separated from each other, and the grounding point G1 is arranged on the interdigitated fingers 612, for example, the grounding point G1 is located on the middle interdigitated finger 612. The interdigitated fingers 612 extend, for example, along the fourth direction f4 and are perpendicular to the bottom plate 43.

[0148] In some embodiments, Figure 6 As shown, the ratio of the interval L16 between two adjacent fingers 612 to the width L15 of the bottom edge 611 in the third direction f3 is greater than or equal to 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.65.

[0149] In some embodiments, Figure 6 As shown, the ratio of the length L17 of the fork finger 612 in the fourth direction f4 to the width L15 of the base 611 in the third direction f3 is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 1.1.

[0150] In some embodiments, Figure 6 As shown, the ratio of the distance L18 between the bottom edge 611 and the grounding point G1 to the width L15 of the bottom edge 611 in the third direction f3 is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.525.

[0151] In some embodiments, Figure 6 As shown, the ratio of the width D4 of the fork finger 612 in the third direction f3 to the width L15 of the bottom edge 611 in the third direction f3 is greater than or equal to 0.05 and less than or equal to 0.2.

[0152] In some embodiments, Figure 6 As shown, the width L15 of the bottom edge 611 in the third direction f3 is greater than or equal to 0.09λ and less than or equal to 0.11λ, where λ is the working wavelength of the antenna device.

[0153] In some embodiments, Figure 6 As shown, the distance D5 between two adjacent E-shaped structures 61 is greater than or equal to 0.1λ and less than or equal to 0.2λ, where λ is the working wavelength of the antenna device.

[0154] In some embodiments, the number of E-type structures 61 in the same decoupling structure 44 is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 3. Figure 6 The decoupling structure 44 shown includes three E-type structures 61 .

[0155] In some embodiments, Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the decoupling structure 44 includes: one or more coupled bent resonators 81, the coupled bent resonators 81 are arranged parallel to the base plate 43, and the multiple coupled bent resonators 81 are separated from each other in a plane parallel to the base plate 43, and are arranged in sequence in a fourth direction f4, and the fourth direction f4 is perpendicular to the first direction f1 and the third direction f3.

[0156] For example, Figure 8 As shown, the coupled bending resonator 81 includes: two bending units 82, the bending unit 82 includes a first extension portion 821, a second extension portion 822, and a bending portion 823 located between the first extension portion 821 and the second extension portion 822, the first extension portion 821 and the second extension portion 822 both extend along the fourth direction f4, the two ends of the bending portion 823 are respectively connected to the middle position of the first extension portion 821 and the end of the second extension portion 822, the two bending units 82 share the same second extension portion 822, and the first extension portions 821 of the two bending units 82 are located on opposite sides of the second extension portion 822, and the bending portions 823 of the two bending units 82 are connected to different ends of the second extension portion 822.

[0157] For example, Figure 8As shown, the bending portions 823 of the two bending units 82 are located on the left and right sides of the common second extension portion 822 , the bending portion 823 on the left is connected to the upper end of the common second extension portion 822 , and the bending portion 823 on the right is connected to the lower end of the common second extension portion 822 .

[0158] Exemplarily, the material of the coupled folded resonator 81 may be copper foil, for example, which is not limited in the present disclosure.

[0159] For example, Figure 8 As shown, the bending portion 823 includes: a third extension portion 824 parallel to the first extension portion 821 and the second extension portion 822, a first connection portion 825 connected between the first extension portion 821 and the third extension portion 824, and a second connection portion 826 connected between the second extension portion 822 and the third extension portion 824. The extension direction of the first connection portion 825 and the second connection portion 826 can, for example, be parallel to the third direction f3.

[0160] In some embodiments, Figure 8 As shown, the ratio of the interval L22 between the first extension portion 821 and the third extension portion 824 to the length L21 of the first extension portion 821 in the fourth direction f4 is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.15.

[0161] In some embodiments, Figure 8 As shown, the ratio of the spacing L23 between the third extension portion 824 and the second extension portion 822 to the length L21 of the first extension portion 821 in the fourth direction f4 is greater than or equal to 0.14 and less than or equal to 0.165. The spacing between the third extension portion 824 and the second extension portion 822 can be, for example, the maximum distance between the third extension portion 824 and the second extension portion 822.

[0162] In some embodiments, Figure 8 As shown, the ratio of the width L24 of the first extension portion 821 in the third direction f3 to the length L21 of the first extension portion 821 in the fourth direction f4 is greater than or equal to 0.08 and less than or equal to 0.1.

[0163] In some embodiments, Figure 8 As shown, the ratio of the length L25 of the second extension portion 822 in the fourth direction f4 to the length L21 of the first extension portion 821 in the fourth direction f4 is greater than or equal to 1.1 and less than or equal to 1.25.

[0164] In some embodiments, Figure 8 As shown, the ratio of the width L26 of the second extending portion 822 in the third direction f3 to the length L21 of the first extending portion 821 in the fourth direction f4 is greater than or equal to 0.04 and less than or equal to 0.05.

[0165] In some embodiments, Figure 8 As shown, the length L21 of the first extension portion 821 in the fourth direction f4 is greater than or equal to 0.07λ and less than or equal to 0.08λ, where λ is the working wavelength of the antenna device.

[0166] In some embodiments, Figure 8 As shown, the distance D6 between two adjacent coupled folded resonators 81 is greater than or equal to 0.1λ and less than or equal to 0.15λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the antenna device.

[0167] In some embodiments, Figure 8 As shown, the number of coupled folded resonators 81 located in the same decoupling structure 44 is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 3, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 The number of coupled meander resonators 81 in the decoupling structure 44 is shown to be two.

[0168] In some embodiments, Figure 5 , Figure 7 or Fig. 9 As shown, in the first direction f1 , the ratio of the height H1 of the decoupling structure 44 to the height H2 of the parasitic patch 12 is greater than or equal to 0.8 and less than or equal to 1.2. The ratio may be 1.0, for example.

[0169] Among them, Figure 5 , Figure 7 or Fig. 9 As shown, the height H1 of the decoupling structure 44 can be the distance between the surface of the decoupling structure 44 facing away from the reflecting plate 16 (or the bottom edge 611) and the reflecting plate 16 (or the bottom edge 611), and the height H2 of the parasitic patch 12 can be the distance between the surface of the parasitic patch 12 facing away from the reflecting plate 16 (or the bottom edge 611) and the reflecting plate 16 (or the bottom edge 611).

[0170] In some embodiments, Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, the array element 41 includes a first antenna unit 421 and a second antenna unit 422, and the first antenna unit 421 and the second antenna unit 422 are located in different planes.

[0171] In some embodiments, Fig.10 As shown, the radiation patch 11 is in the shape of a polygon, and the multiple feeding ports 13 located in the same antenna unit 42 are arranged close to the first side S1 of the polygon, and the direction in which the geometric center O of the polygon points to the first side S1 is the second direction f2.

[0172] For example, in Fig.10In each antenna unit 42, the radiation patch 11 is rectangular in shape, and the two feeding ports 13 are both arranged close to the lower side (ie, the first side S1) of the rectangular radiation patch 11. Accordingly, the second direction f2 is the direction from the center of the rectangle to the lower side.

[0173] In some embodiments, Fig.10 As shown, the angle between the first direction f1 of the first antenna unit 421 and the first direction f1 of the second antenna unit 422 is equal to the angle between the second direction f2 of the first antenna unit 421 and the second direction f2 of the second antenna unit 422, and the angle α is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°.

[0174] In this embodiment, if Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, on the basis of the coplanar arrangement of the first antenna unit 421 and the second antenna unit 422, the first antenna unit 421 can be rotated by a preset angle α about an axis parallel to the third direction f3 to obtain the first antenna unit 421 and the second antenna unit 422 with an included angle α.

[0175] Exemplarily, the preset angle can be 60°, and accordingly, the angle between the first antenna unit 421 and the second antenna unit 422 is 60°, that is, the angle between the first direction f1 of the first antenna unit 421 and the first direction f1 of the second antenna unit 422 is 60°, and the angle between the second direction f2 of the first antenna unit 421 and the second direction f2 of the second antenna unit 422 is 60°.

[0176] In some implementations, within the same array element 41 , the distance between two adjacent antenna units 42 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 50 mm.

[0177] For example, in Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the embodiment, the distance between two adjacent antenna units 42 is greater than or equal to 13 mm and less than or equal to 45 mm; Figure 6 and Figure 7 In the embodiment, the distance between two adjacent antenna units 42 is greater than or equal to 20 mm and less than or equal to 42 mm; Figure 8 and Fig. 9 In the embodiment, the distance between two adjacent antenna units 42 is greater than or equal to 25 mm and less than or equal to 45 mm; Fig.10 and Fig.11 In the embodiment, the spacing between two adjacent antenna units 42 is greater than or equal to 30 mm and less than or equal to 42 mm, or greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 15 mm.

[0178] In some embodiments, Figures 12 to 22As shown, the antenna device includes N array elements 41, which are arranged along different sides of a regular N-gon 131, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3; and the parasitic patch 12 of the antenna unit 42 is located on a side of the radiation patch 11 away from the geometric center of the regular N-gon 131.

[0179] Exemplarily, the N array elements 41 are centrally arranged along different sides of the regular N-gon 131 .

[0180] Exemplarily, the first direction f1 of the antenna unit 42 may be directed to the direction of the side where the antenna unit 42 is located along the geometric center of the regular N-gon 131. That is, for the antenna unit 42 in the array element 41, the radiation patch 11 is arranged close to the geometric center of the regular N-gon 131, and the parasitic patch 12 is arranged away from the geometric center of the regular N-gon 131.

[0181] For example, Figure 12 to Figure 13 , Figure 15 to Figure 16 , Figure 18 to Figure 19 as well as Fig.21 As shown, four array elements 41 are arranged along different sides of a regular quadrilateral, and one array element 41 is arranged on each side.

[0182] For example, Fig.14 , Fig.17 , Fig. 20 and Fig. 22 As shown, three array elements 41 are arranged along different sides of the regular triangle, and one array element 41 is arranged on each side.

[0183] in, Figure 12 to Figure 14 The array element 41 structure in the example can be as follows Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, Figures 15 to 17 The array element 41 structure in the example can be as follows Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, Figures 18 to 20 The array element 41 structure in the example can be as follows Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, Figure 21 to Figure 22 The array element 41 structure in the example can be as follows Fig.10 and Fig.11 shown.

[0184] For example, Figure 13 to Figure 14 , Figure 16 to Figure 17 ,as well as Figures 19 to 22 is a schematic diagram or a top view of a cross-sectional structure of the antenna device perpendicular to the third direction f3, Fig.12 , Fig.15 and Fig.18 A side view of the antenna device.

[0185] In some implementations, the third direction f3 of the array element 41 is perpendicular to the plane where the regular N-gon 131 is located.

[0186] For example, Figures 12 to 22 As shown, the sides of two adjacent array elements 41 that are close to each other are the sides of the array elements 41 along the third direction f3. Fig.12 , Fig.15 and Fig.18 The long side of the array element 41 is shown.

[0187] In some embodiments, the radiation patch 11 is in the shape of a polygon, and the multiple feeding ports 13 in the same antenna unit 42 are arranged near the first side S1 of the polygon, and the direction in which the geometric center O of the polygon points to the first side S1 is the second direction f2. Figure 13 to Figure 14 , Figure 16 to Figure 17 , Figures 19 to 22 As shown, in the N array elements 41, the second direction f2 of the antenna unit 42 is along the clockwise direction (such as Figure 13 to Figure 14 , Figure 16 to Figure 17 , Figure 19 to Figure 20 as shown) or counterclockwise (as shown Figure 21 to Figure 22 shown).

[0188] In some embodiments, Figures 12 to 22 As shown, the array elements 41 located in the same regular N-gon 131 have the same structure.

[0189] In some embodiments, each array element 41 disposed on the regular N-gon 131 includes a first antenna unit 421 and a second antenna unit 422 with an included angle α. Fig.21 and Fig. 22 As shown, the regular N-gon 131 includes a first sub-regular N-gon 211 and a second sub-regular N-gon 212 , wherein a first antenna unit 421 is arranged on each side of the first sub-regular N-gon 211 , and a second antenna unit 422 is arranged on each side of the second sub-regular N-gon 212 .

[0190] Reference Fig.23 The directional patterns of several antenna devices are shown. Among them, Figures a to j are respectively Fig.13 , Fig.14 , Fig.16 , Fig.17 , Fig.19 , Fig. 20 , Fig.21 The distance between two adjacent antenna units 42 is greater than or equal to 30 mm and less than or equal to 42 mm, Fig. 22 The distance between two adjacent antenna units 42 is greater than or equal to 30 mm and less than or equal to 42 mm, Fig.21 The distance between two adjacent antenna units 42 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 15 mm, and Fig. 22 The distance between two adjacent antenna units 42 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 15 mm.

[0191] like Fig.23 As shown in Figures a and b, the minimum gain of 360° omnidirectional coverage is ≮5dB; as shown in Figures c and d, the minimum gain of 360° omnidirectional coverage is ≮5dB; as shown in Figures e and f, the minimum gain of 360° omnidirectional coverage is ≮4dB; as shown in Figures g and h, the minimum gain of 360° omnidirectional coverage is ≮4dB; as shown in Figures i and j, the gain fluctuation of 360° omnidirectional coverage is ≤0.3dB.

[0192] According to the above directional pattern simulation results, it can be found that in an array element 41, when the distance between two adjacent antenna units 42 is large, such as when the distance between two adjacent antenna units 42 is greater than or equal to 13 mm and less than or equal to 45 mm, the antenna gain is high. In an array element 41, when the distance between two adjacent antenna units 42 is small, such as when the distance between two adjacent antenna units 42 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 15 mm, the gain uniformity at different angles is good, and the gain fluctuation at different angles is ≤0.3 dB.

[0193] In some embodiments, the ratio of the side length L12 of the regular N-gon 131 to the dimension of the array element 41 along the extending direction of the side length is greater than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 1.35.

[0194] The antenna device provided by the present invention realizes omnidirectional gain coverage under horizontal and vertical dual polarizations by carrying out array design for dual-polarization wideband microstrip antennas, can achieve high gain performance ≥4dB, achieve gain fluctuation ≯0.3dB, and achieve omnidirectional high gain or low gain fluctuation within a wide frequency range. Compared with the existing dual-polarization omnidirectional antennas, it can achieve low cost, small size and high performance.

[0195] The present disclosure provides a communication device, comprising: an antenna device as provided in any embodiment; and a feeding network connected to a feeding port of the antenna unit and used to feed an electrical signal to the feeding port.

[0196] Those skilled in the art can understand that the communication device provided by the present disclosure has the advantages of the above-mentioned antenna device.

[0197] In the present disclosure, “plurality” means two or more, and “at least one” means one or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0198] In the present disclosure, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper" and "lower" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present disclosure.

[0199] As used herein, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, commodity, or device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, product, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "includes a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, commodity, or device that includes the element.

[0200] References herein to "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "exemplary embodiments," "one or more embodiments," "example," "an example," "some examples," etc., are intended to indicate that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic associated with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. Schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be included in any one or more embodiments or examples in any appropriate manner.

[0201] In this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, but do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0202] When describing some embodiments, the expressions "coupled" and "connected" may be used. For example, when describing some embodiments, the term "connected" may be used to indicate that two or more components are in direct physical or electrical contact with each other. As another example, when describing some embodiments, the term "coupled" may be used to indicate that two or more components are in direct physical or electrical contact. However, the term "coupled" or "communicatively coupled" may also refer to two or more components that are not in direct contact with each other, but still cooperate or interact with each other. The embodiments disclosed herein are not necessarily limited to the contents of this document.

[0203] “At least one of A, B, and C” has the same meaning as “at least one of A, B, or C” and both include the following combinations of A, B, and C: A only, B only, C only, the combination of A and B, the combination of A and C, the combination of B and C, and the combination of A, B, and C.

[0204] “A and / or B” includes the following three combinations: A only, B only, and a combination of A and B.

[0205] As used herein, the term "if" is optionally interpreted to mean "when" or "upon" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting," depending on the context. Similarly, the phrases "if it is determined that" or "if [a stated condition or event] is detected" are optionally interpreted to mean "upon determining that" or "in response to determining that" or "upon detecting [a stated condition or event]" or "in response to detecting [a stated condition or event]," depending on the context.

[0206] The use of "for" or "configured to" herein is meant to be open and inclusive language that does not exclude devices adapted or configured to perform additional tasks or steps.

[0207] The use of "based on" or "according to" herein is meant to be open and inclusive. A process, step, calculation or other action based on one or more of the conditions or values ​​may, in practice, be based on other conditions or exceed the values ​​described. A process, step, calculation or other action based on one or more of the conditions or values ​​may, in practice, be based on other conditions or exceed the values ​​described.

[0208] As used herein, "about," "substantially," or "approximately" includes the stated value and an average value that is within an acceptable range of variation from the particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art taking into account the measurements in question and the errors associated with the measurement of the particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system).

[0209] As used herein, "parallel", "perpendicular", "equal", and "flush" include the situations described and situations similar to the situations described, the range of which is within an acceptable deviation range, wherein the acceptable deviation range is as determined by a person of ordinary skill in the art taking into account the measurement in question and the errors associated with the measurement of a particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, "parallel" includes absolute parallelism and approximate parallelism, wherein the acceptable deviation range for approximate parallelism may be, for example, a deviation within 5°; "perpendicular" includes absolute perpendicularity and approximate perpendicularity, wherein the acceptable deviation range for approximate perpendicularity may also be, for example, a deviation within 5°. "Equal" includes absolute equality and approximate equality, wherein the acceptable deviation range for approximate equality may be, for example, that the difference between the two being equal is less than or equal to 5% of either one. "Flush" includes absolute flushness and approximate flushness, wherein the acceptable deviation range for approximate flushness may be, for example, that the distance between the two being flush is less than or equal to 5% of the size of either one.

[0210] It will be understood that when a layer or an element is referred to as being on another layer or substrate, it can be directly on the other layer or substrate, or intervening layers may be present between the layer or element and the other layer or substrate.

[0211] Exemplary embodiments are described herein with reference to cross-sectional views and / or plan views that are idealized exemplary drawings. In the drawings, the thickness of layers and regions is exaggerated for clarity. Therefore, variations in shape relative to the drawings due to, for example, manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances are conceivable. Therefore, the exemplary embodiments should not be interpreted as being limited to the shapes of the regions shown herein, but include shape deviations due to, for example, manufacturing. For example, an etched region shown as a rectangle will typically have curved features. Therefore, the regions shown in the drawings are schematic in nature, and their shapes are not intended to illustrate the actual shape of the regions of the device, and are not intended to limit the scope of the exemplary embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the thickness of a film layer refers to the size of the film layer in the direction of its normal.

[0212] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure, rather than to limit them. Although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An antenna unit, comprising: A radiation patch and a parasitic patch are stacked and separated from each other, the radiation patch is provided with a plurality of feeding ports and a plurality of slots, the slots of the plurality of slots face different feeding ports, the slots are slot-shaped slots that penetrate the radiation patch in a first direction, and the first direction is the direction in which the radiation patch points to the parasitic patch; The radiation patch is in the shape of a polygon, and at least two feeding ports are arranged on different diagonals of the polygon. The feeding ports located on different diagonals are used to transmit electrical signals with the same amplitude and different phases.

2. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The slot is symmetrical with respect to a first diagonal line, and a feeding port to which the slot opening faces is arranged on the first diagonal line.

3. The antenna unit according to claim 2, wherein: The multiple feeding ports are arranged axially symmetrically, and the axis of symmetry is the axis of symmetry of the polygon.

4. The antenna unit according to claim 3, wherein: The polygon includes a long side and a short side, and the multiple feeding ports are arranged close to the same short side.

5. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The feeding ports located on the same diagonal line are used to transmit electrical signals with the same amplitude and the same phase, and the feeding ports located on different diagonals are used to transmit electrical signals with the same amplitude and opposite phases.

6. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The antenna unit also includes: a dielectric plate, disposed on a side of the radiation patch away from the parasitic patch; and A reflector plate, arranged on a side of the dielectric plate away from the radiation patch; In the orthographic projection on the reflector, the radiation patch is located within the range of the dielectric plate, the dielectric plate is located within the range of the parasitic patch, and the parasitic patch is located within the range of the reflector.

7. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The cross-sectional shape of the slot groove is U-shaped, V-shaped, semicircular, semi-elliptical or semi-polygonal, and the cross-sectional shape is a cross-sectional shape of the slot groove perpendicular to the first direction.

8. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The distance between the bottom of the slot and the feeding port is greater than or equal to 5 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm; and / or The slit width of the slit groove is greater than or equal to 0.9 mm and less than or equal to 1.1 mm; and / or The ratio of the length of the bottom of the slot to the length of the slot wall is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.62; and / or The radiation patch is in a rectangular shape, and the ratio of two adjacent sides in the rectangle is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 1.

06.

9. An antenna device, comprising at least one array element, wherein the array element comprises one or more antenna units according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and multiple antenna units located in the same array element are arranged in sequence along a third direction.

10. The antenna device according to claim 9, wherein: The array element comprises a plurality of antenna units arranged in a coplanar manner; and The radiation patch is in the shape of a polygon, and multiple feeding ports located in the same antenna unit are arranged close to the first side of the polygon. The direction in which the geometric center of the polygon points to the first side is the second direction. The first directions of the multiple antenna units arranged coplanarly are the same, and the second directions of the multiple antenna units arranged coplanarly are the same.

11. The antenna device according to claim 10, wherein: The array element also includes: The decoupling structure is centrally arranged between two adjacent antenna units and is separated from the two adjacent antenna units.

12. The antenna device according to claim 11, wherein: The array element further comprises: a bottom plate arranged between two adjacent antenna units, the decoupling structure being located on a side of the bottom plate close to the radiation patch; The decoupling structure includes: one or more metal plates, and the plurality of metal plates are arranged along a third direction and are spaced apart from each other.

13. The antenna device according to claim 12, wherein: The length of the metal plate in the fourth direction is the same as the size of the antenna unit in the fourth direction, and the fourth direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the third direction; and / or The distance between two adjacent metal plates is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm; and / or The ratio of the thickness of the metal plate in the first direction to the width of the metal plate in the third direction is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1; and / or The number of metal plates in the same decoupling structure is greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 8.

14. The antenna device according to claim 11, wherein: The array element further comprises a bottom plate arranged between two adjacent antenna units, and the decoupling structure is located on a side of the bottom plate close to the radiation patch; The decoupling structure includes: one or more E-type structures, and a grounding post connecting a grounding point of the E-type structure and the bottom plate, the E-type structure is arranged parallel to the bottom plate, the multiple E-type structures are arranged separately from each other in a plane parallel to the bottom plate, and are arranged in sequence in a fourth direction, the fourth direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the third direction; The opening direction of the E-shaped structure is along the fourth direction, and the opening directions of the plurality of E-shaped structures are the same.

15. The antenna device according to claim 14, wherein: The E-shaped structure includes a bottom edge extending along a third direction, and three interdigitated fingers located on the same side of the bottom plate and separated from each other, and the grounding point is arranged on the interdigitated fingers; The ratio of the spacing between two adjacent interdigits to the width of the bottom edge in the third direction is greater than or equal to 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.65; and / or The ratio of the length of the fork in the fourth direction to the width of the base in the third direction is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 1.1; and / or The ratio of the distance between the bottom edge and the grounding point to the width of the bottom edge in the third direction is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.525; and / or The ratio of the width of the interdigital fingers in the third direction to the width of the base in the third direction is greater than or equal to 0.05 and less than or equal to 0.2; and / or The width of the bottom edge in the third direction is greater than or equal to 0.09λ and less than or equal to 0.11λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the antenna device; and / or The distance between two adjacent E-shaped structures is greater than or equal to 0.1λ and less than or equal to 0.2λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the antenna device; and / or The number of E-type structures in the same decoupling structure is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 3.

16. The antenna device according to claim 11, wherein: The decoupling structure comprises: One or more coupled bent resonators, wherein the coupled bent resonators are arranged parallel to the radiation patch, the multiple coupled bent resonators are arranged separately from each other in a plane parallel to the radiation patch, and are arranged in sequence in a fourth direction, and the fourth direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the third direction; The coupled bending resonator includes: two bending units, the bending unit includes a first extension portion, a second extension portion, and a bending portion located between the first extension portion and the second extension portion, the first extension portion and the second extension portion both extend along a fourth direction, two ends of the bending portion are respectively connected to the middle position of the first extension portion and the end of the second extension portion, the two bending units share the same second extension portion, and the first extension portions of the two bending units are located on opposite sides of the second extension portion, and the bending portions of the two bending units are connected to different ends of the second extension portion.

17. The antenna device according to claim 14, wherein: The bending portion has a third extending portion parallel to the first extending portion and the second extending portion; wherein the ratio of the distance between the first extension portion and the third extension portion to the length of the first extension portion in the fourth direction is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.15; and / or The ratio of the distance between the third extension portion and the second extension portion to the length of the first extension portion in the fourth direction is greater than or equal to 0.14 and less than or equal to 0.165; and / or The ratio of the width of the first extension portion in the third direction to the length of the first extension portion in the fourth direction is greater than or equal to 0.08 and less than or equal to 0.1; and / or A ratio of a length of the second extension portion in the fourth direction to a length of the first extension portion in the fourth direction is greater than or equal to 1.1 and less than or equal to 1.25; and / or The ratio of the width of the second extension portion in the third direction to the length of the first extension portion in the fourth direction is greater than or equal to 0.04 and less than or equal to 0.05; and / or The length of the first extension portion in the fourth direction is greater than or equal to 0.07λ and less than or equal to 0.08λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the antenna device; and / or The spacing between two adjacent coupled folded resonators is greater than or equal to 0.1λ and less than or equal to 0.15λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the antenna device; and / or The number of coupled folded resonators in the same decoupling structure is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 3.

18. The antenna device according to claim 11, wherein: In the first direction, a ratio of a height of the decoupling structure to a height of the parasitic patch is greater than or equal to 0.8 and less than or equal to 1.

2.

19. The antenna device according to claim 9, wherein: The array element includes a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit, and the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are located in different planes.

20. The antenna device according to claim 19, wherein: The radiation patch is in a polygonal shape, a plurality of feeding ports in the same antenna unit are arranged close to a first side of the polygon, and a direction in which the geometric center of the polygon points to the first side is a second direction; The angle between the first direction of the first antenna unit and the first direction of the second antenna unit is equal to the angle between the second direction of the first antenna unit and the second direction of the second antenna unit, and the angle is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°.

21. The antenna device according to claim 9, wherein: In the same array element, the distance between two adjacent antenna units is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 50 mm.

22. The antenna device according to any one of claims 9 to 21, wherein: The antenna device comprises N array elements, the N array elements are arranged along different sides of a regular N-gon, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3; and The parasitic patch of the antenna unit is located on a side of the radiation patch away from the geometric center of the regular N-gon.

23. The antenna device according to claim 22, wherein: The third direction of the array element is perpendicular to the plane where the regular N-gon is located.

24. The antenna device according to claim 22, wherein: The radiation patch is in a polygonal shape, a plurality of feeding ports in the same antenna unit are arranged close to a first side of the polygon, and a direction in which the geometric center of the polygon points to the first side is a second direction; In the N array elements, the second directions of the antenna units are all along the clockwise direction or the counterclockwise direction.

25. The antenna device according to claim 22, wherein: The ratio of the side length of the regular N-gon to the dimension of the array element along the direction in which the side length extends is greater than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 1.

35.

26. A communication device, comprising: The antenna device according to any one of claims 9 to 25; as well as A feeding network is connected to the feeding port of the antenna unit and is used to feed an electrical signal to the feeding port.

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