System and method for interference measurement of network node

Abstract

Systems and methods for measuring interference of a network node are presented. A network node may determine a state of interference experienced at the network node. A network node may send an indication of an interference state to a wireless communication node.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, including but not limited to systems and methods for measuring interference of network nodes. Background Art

[0002] Coverage is a fundamental aspect of cellular network deployment. Mobile operators rely on different types of network nodes to provide blanket coverage in their deployments. Therefore, new types of network nodes are considered to increase the flexibility of mobile operators' network deployments. For example, some systems or architectures introduce integrated access and backhaul (IAB) as a new type of network node that does not require a wired backhaul and can be enhanced in some other systems. Another type of network node is the RF repeater, which simply amplifies and forwards any signal received. RF repeaters have been widely deployed in 2G, 3G, and 4G to supplement the coverage provided by conventional full-stack cells. Summary of the invention

[0003] The exemplary embodiments disclosed herein are intended to solve problems related to one or more problems existing in the prior art, and provide additional features, which will become apparent when referring to the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. According to various embodiments, example systems, methods, devices, and computer program products are disclosed herein. However, it should be understood that these embodiments are presented in an exemplary manner, not restrictive, and it will be apparent to a person of ordinary skill in the art who has read this disclosure that various modifications can be made to the disclosed embodiments while remaining within the scope of this disclosure.

[0004] At least one aspect relates to a system, method, apparatus, or computer-readable medium. A network node (e.g., a smart node (SN)) may determine an interference state experienced at the network node. The network node may send an indication of the interference state to a wireless communication node (e.g., a base station (BS), a gNB, or a transmission and reception point (TRP)).

[0005] In some implementations, interference may be experienced by at least one of: a control link between a wireless communication node and a network node; a backhaul link between a wireless communication node and a network node; and / or an access link between a wireless communication device and a network node. In some implementations, determining an interference state may include at least one of: when a first link to an input of the network node is activated and a second link from an output of the network node is deactivated, the network node measures a first energy value (P1) at an input of the network node; when the first link to the input is activated and the second link is activated, the network node measures a second energy value (P2) at an input of the network node; or determining the interference value by the network node according to at least one of: P1, P2, or α, where α is a positive value configured by the wireless communication node.

[0006] In some implementations, determining the interference state may include at least one of the following: when a first link to the input end of the network node is activated and a second link from the output end of the network node is activated, the network node measures a corresponding energy value at the input end of the network node for each of a plurality of power values; and the network node determines the interference value based on at least one of the following: one or more of the corresponding energy values, one or more of the plurality of power values, or α, where α is a positive number configured by the wireless communication node.

[0007] In some implementations, each of the plurality of power values ​​refers to at least one of: an amplification gain power offset or a transmission power of the network node. In some implementations, determining the interference state may include at least one of: when a first link to an input of the network node is activated and a second link from an output of the network node is activated, the network node measures a corresponding energy value at the input of the network node in each of a plurality of time windows; and the network node determines the interference value based on at least one of: one or more of the corresponding energy values ​​or α, where α is a positive number configured by the wireless communication node.

[0008] In some implementations, the multiple time windows may include at least one of the following: a first time window, from a first time point T0 to a second time point, wherein the second time point is the first time point plus T1; a second time window, from the second time point to a third time point, wherein the third time point is the first time point plus T2; or a third time window, from the third time point to a fourth time point, wherein the fourth time point is the third time point plus T1.

[0009] In some implementations, the values ​​of T0, T1, and T2 are determined based on at least one of: capabilities of a network node; duration of a measurement; time domain resources of a reference signal; a predefined value; a parameter configured by a wireless communication node; a start time of a measurement; a predefined time point; and / or a time point triggered by a wireless communication device.

[0010] In some implementations, determining the interference state may include at least one of: measuring, by the network node, a first energy value (P1) at the input of the network node in a first frequency band of the input signal when a first link to the input is activated and a second link from the output of the network node is activated; measuring, by the network node, a second energy value (P2) at the input of the network node in a second frequency band of the output signal corresponding to the input signal when the first link to the input is activated and the second link is activated; or determining, by the network node, the interference value based on at least one of: P1, P2, or α, where α is a positive number configured by the wireless communication node.

[0011] In some implementations, determining the interference state may include at least one of the following: when a first link to an input end of a network node is activated and a second link from an output end of the network node is activated, the network node measures a first energy value (P1) at the input end of the network node under a first polarization of the input signal; when the first link at the input end is activated and the second link is activated, the network node measures a second energy value (P2) at the input end of the network node under a second polarization of an output signal corresponding to the input signal; or the network node determines the interference value based on at least one of the following: P1, P2, or α, where α is a positive number configured by the wireless communication node.

[0012] In some implementations, P1 and P2 may be measured for a specific input beam at the input and a specific output beam at the output. In some implementations, at least one of the following may be included: for a corresponding input beam at the input and a corresponding output beam at the output, each corresponding energy value may be measured, each corresponding input beam may be the same or different from another corresponding input beam, or each corresponding output beam may be the same or different from another corresponding output beam.

[0013] In some implementations, the first link or the second link may include at least one of the following: a first forwarding link from a wireless communication node to a network node; a second forwarding link from a network node to a wireless communication device; a third forwarding link from a network node to a wireless communication node; a fourth forwarding link from a wireless communication device to a network node; a first control link from a wireless communication node to a network node; and / or a second control link from a network node to a wireless communication node. In some implementations, the network node may receive at least one parameter for interference measurement from the wireless communication node. The network node may determine an interference state based on at least one parameter for interference measurement.

[0014] In some implementations, at least one parameter may include an indication of at least one of: time domain resources; frequency domain resources; at least one of transmission power, amplification gain, or power offset; beam information; activation or deactivation information of at least one of the first link or the second link; polarization information; measurement direction, including uplink, downlink, or uplink and downlink; an indication of selecting a method for determining an interference state; a reference signal type; a measurement method type; cell information; or a threshold for an interference level.

[0015] In some implementations, a method for determining the interference state is selected based at least on the explicit or implicit indication of the at least one parameter. In some implementations, determining the interference state may include at least one of: the network node measuring energy values ​​of all signals at the input of the network node; the network node measuring energy values ​​of specific signals at the input of the network node; and / or the network node measuring noise intensity at the input of the network node.

[0016] In some implementations, determining the interference state may include: measuring, by the network node, an energy value of an input signal at an input of the network node. The input signal may include at least one of: a synchronization signal block (SSB), a channel state information RS (CSI-RS), a downlink signal dedicated to the network node, a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) signal, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) signal, a sequence dedicated to the network node, an on-off keying sequence, a Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence, a pseudo-noise (PN) sequence, a sounding reference signal (SRS), a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) signal, a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) signal, an uplink signal dedicated to the network node, or a physical random access channel (PRACH) sequence.

[0017] In some implementations, determining the interference state may include: in response to a triggering event, the network node measuring an energy value of an input signal at an input of the network node. The triggering event may include at least one of: an event associated with establishment of a radio resource control (RRC) connection, receiving a defined indication from a wireless communication node, receiving a defined indication from a wireless communication device, the network node detecting that a condition has been met, or the network node detecting an anomaly.

[0018] In some implementations, the network node may compare the interference value to at least one threshold value. The at least one threshold value may be at least one of: including a corresponding threshold value for each type or group of interference measurements; including a first threshold value for downlink forwarding and a second threshold value for uplink forwarding; defining multiple ranges of interference levels; being predefined; being indicated or configured by the wireless communication node; or being defined according to the capabilities of the network node.

[0019] In some implementations, the indication of the interference state sent to the wireless communication node may include at least one of the following: a value measured by the network node; multiple values ​​measured by the network node; an interference value calculated using at least one value measured by the network node; an interference level determined based on a comparison between a value measured by the network node and a threshold; an interference level determined based on a comparison between the interference value and a threshold; an indication that the interference state is determined for or applied to downlink forwarding, uplink forwarding, or downlink forwarding and uplink forwarding; beam information based on the interference state; power information based on the interference state; or information about an action to be performed by the network node after or in response to the interference state or measurement by the network node. In some implementations, the indication may be sent to the wireless communication node in: uplink control information (UCI) transmitted in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), medium access control control element (MAC CE) signaling transmitted in the PUSCH, or radio resource control (RRC) signaling transmitted in the PUSCH.

[0020] In some implementations, in response to an indication of an interference state, a network node may receive a message from a wireless communication node. The message may include at least one of the following: a beam indication configuring a beam index for a forwarding link; a power control indication for adjusting at least one of the following for a specific beam or all beams: an amplification gain, a transmission power of a power offset of a network node; an indication to activate or deactivate a forwarding link; or a time domain resource associated with a beam, power control, or activation / deactivation indication. Based on the message, the network node may perform at least one of the following based on the message: an adjustment of a beam pair configured by the wireless communication node; an adjustment of an amplification gain for a specific beam or all beams, a transmission power of a power offset of a network node; or activation or deactivation of at least one link of the forwarding link.

[0021] In some implementations, the network node may perform at least one of the following based on the interference status: adjust the transmission power of a beam pair configured by the wireless communication node, adjust the amplification gain of a specific beam or all beams, the power offset of the network node; or activate or deactivate at least one link of the forwarding link.

[0022] At least one aspect relates to a system, method, apparatus, or computer-readable medium. A wireless communication node may receive an indication of an interference state from a network node. An interference state may be experienced at the network node.

[0023] The system and method provided in the present disclosure include a novel method for measuring interference of a network node. The system and method of the technical solution discussed in the present disclosure may include a network node (e.g., SN or network controlled repeater (NCR) mobile terminal (MT)). The network node (e.g., SN CU) can measure interference (e.g., determine an interference value). The network node can report the interference status to a wireless communication node (e.g., BS, gNB or TRP).

[0024] In some implementations, the network node of the technical solution may perform interference measurement according to at least one of the following example configurations or solutions:

[0025] Example configuration 1: calculating / determining the interference value by turning on or off the output forwarding link (eg, enabling or disabling the output forwarding link);

[0026] Example Configuration 2: Calculate the interference value by configuring different power levels for SN FU;

[0027] Example Configuration 3: Calculate interference values ​​by sliding / moving / changing / configuring / adjusting the time domain measurement window;

[0028] Example Configuration 4: Calculate interference values ​​by shifting / changing frequency domain resources of input and output signals;

[0029] Example configuration 5: Calculating interference values ​​by configuring different polarizations of input signals and output signals; and / or

[0030] Example Configuration 6: Using a specific beam pair of input and output signals, calculate the interference value.

[0031] In some implementations, various parameters for interference measurement from a radio network node (e.g., a BS) may be provided to a network node (e.g., an SN CU). In some implementations, the network node may utilize a measurement method including at least one of a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) measurement and / or a reference signal received power (RSRP) / reference signal received quality (RSRQ) measurement.

[0032] In some implementations, the forwarded signal used for measurement may include at least one of an existing reference signal (RS), a new RS, and / or a dedicated sequence. In some implementations, a triggering event may be defined (e.g., by a BS) to determine when to perform the measurement. In some implementations, a threshold may be defined to compare with the calculated interference value.

[0033] In some implementations, a network node (e.g., SN CU) may transmit / send / provide a report to a wireless communication node to notify / indicate / give an interference status. In some implementations, a network node may receive an indication from a wireless communication node to react (e.g., perform at least one action) according to the interference status. In some cases, a network node may autonomously or automatically perform one or more actions according to the interference measurement results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the following drawings. The drawings or diagrams are provided for illustrative purposes only and depict only exemplary embodiments of the present invention to facilitate the reader's understanding of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings should not be considered as limiting the breadth, scope or applicability of the present invention. It should be noted that for clarity and ease of illustration, these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0035] Figure 1 An exemplary cellular communication network in which the technology disclosed herein may be implemented according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0036] Figure 2 A block diagram showing an exemplary base station and user equipment device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing an exemplary network according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0038] Figure 4A schematic diagram showing transmission links between a BS and a SN and between a SN and a UE according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0039] Figure 5 An example block diagram illustrating downlink (DL) forwarding of a SN according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0040] Figure 6 An example block diagram illustrating interference to a SN according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0041] Figure 7 shows the structure of an example implementation for handling / solving interference to a SN according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0042] Figure 8 An example block diagram of a first measurement opportunity for DL ​​forwarding according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0043] Fig. 9 An example block diagram illustrating a second measurement opportunity for DL ​​forwarding according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0044] Fig.10 An example block diagram of a first measurement opportunity for uplink (UL) forwarding according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0045] Fig.11 An example block diagram of a second measurement opportunity for UL forwarding according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0046] Fig.12 An example block diagram of a measurement signal including interference according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0047] Fig.13 An example block diagram of DL frequency shift forwarding according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0048] Fig.14 A flowchart of an example method for interference measurement of a network node according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] 1. Mobile communication technology and environment

[0050] Figure 1An example wireless communication network and / or system 100 is shown in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which the techniques disclosed herein may be implemented. In the discussion that follows, the wireless communication network 100 may be any wireless network, such as a cellular network or a narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) network, and is referred to herein as "network 100." Such an example network 100 includes a base station 102 (hereinafter referred to as "BS 102"; also referred to as a wireless communication node) and a user equipment device 104 (hereinafter referred to as "UE 104"; also referred to as a wireless communication device) that may communicate with each other via a communication link 110 (e.g., a wireless communication channel), and a cluster of cells 126, 130, 132, 134, 136, 138, and 140 covering a geographic area 101. In Figure 1 1, BS 102 and UE 104 are contained within the respective geographic boundaries of cell 126. Each of the other cells 130, 132, 134, 136, 138, and 140 may include at least one base station operating with its allocated bandwidth to provide adequate radio coverage to its intended users.

[0051] For example, BS 102 may operate on an allocated channel transmission bandwidth to provide adequate coverage to UE 104. BS 102 and UE 104 may communicate via downlink radio frames 118 and uplink radio frames 124, respectively. Each radio frame 118 / 124 may be further divided into subframes 120 / 127, which may include data symbols 122 / 128. In the present disclosure, BS 102 and UE 104 are described as non-limiting examples of "communication nodes", which may generally practice the methods disclosed herein. According to various implementations of the present solution, such communication nodes may be capable of wireless and / or wired communication.

[0052] Figure 2 A block diagram of an example wireless communication system 200 for sending and receiving wireless communication signals (e.g., OFDM / OFDMA signals) according to some embodiments of the present solution is shown. The system 200 may include components and elements configured to support known or conventional operating features that need not be described in detail herein. In one illustrative embodiment, as described above, the system 200 may be used in applications such as Figure 1 The wireless communication environment 100 may be used to communicate (eg, transmit and receive) data symbols.

[0053] The system 200 generally includes a base station 202 (hereinafter referred to as "BS 202") and a user equipment device 204 (hereinafter referred to as "UE 204"). The BS 202 includes a BS (base station) transceiver module 210, a BS antenna 212, a BS processor module 214, a BS memory module 216, and a network communication module 218, each of which is coupled to and interconnected with each other via a data communication bus 220 as needed. The UE 204 includes a UE (user equipment) transceiver module 230, a UE antenna 232, a UE memory module 234, and a UE processor module 236, each of which is coupled to and interconnected with each other via a data communication bus 240 as needed. The BS 202 communicates with the UE 204 via a communication channel 250, which may be any wireless channel or other medium suitable for data transmission as described herein.

[0054] As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the system 200 may also include Figure 2 Any number of modules outside the modules shown. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the various illustrative blocks, modules, circuits, and processing logic described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in hardware, computer-readable software, firmware, or any actual combination thereof. In order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability and compatibility of hardware, firmware, and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps are generally described according to their functions. Whether such functions are implemented as hardware, firmware, or software depends on the specific application and design constraints imposed on the entire system. People familiar with the concepts described herein can implement such functions in a manner suitable for each specific application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present disclosure.

[0055] According to some embodiments, the UE transceiver 230 may be referred to herein as an "uplink" transceiver 230, which includes a radio frequency (RF) transmitter and an RF receiver, each including circuitry coupled to an antenna 232. A duplex switch (not shown) may alternatively couple the uplink transmitter or receiver to the uplink antenna in a time duplex manner. Similarly, according to some embodiments, the BS transceiver 210 may be referred to herein as a "downlink" transceiver 210, which includes an RF transmitter and an RF receiver, each including circuitry coupled to an antenna 212. The downlink duplex switch may alternatively couple the downlink transmitter or receiver to the downlink antenna 212 in a time duplex manner. The operation of the two transceiver modules 210 and 230 may be coordinated in time such that the downlink receiver circuit is coupled to the downlink antenna 232 so as to receive transmissions over the wireless transmission link 250 while the downlink transmitter is coupled to the downlink antenna 212. Instead, the operation of the two transceivers 210 and 230 may be coordinated in time such that the downlink receiver coupled to the downlink antenna 212 receives transmissions over the wireless transmission link 250 at the same time as the uplink transmitter coupled to the uplink antenna 232. In some embodiments, tight time synchronization with minimal guard times between changes in duplex direction is provided.

[0056] The UE transceiver 230 and the base station transceiver 210 are configured to communicate via a wireless data communication link 250 and cooperate with an appropriately configured RF antenna arrangement 212 / 232 that can support a specific wireless communication protocol and modulation scheme. In some illustrative embodiments, the UE transceiver 210 and the base station transceiver 210 are configured to support industry standards such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) and emerging 5G standards. However, it should be understood that the present disclosure is not necessarily limited to application to specific standards and related protocols. Instead, the UE transceiver 230 and the base station transceiver 210 can be configured to support alternative or additional wireless data communication protocols, including future standards or variations thereof.

[0057] According to various embodiments, for example, BS202 can be an evolved node B (eNB), a serving eNB, a target eNB, a femtocell or a microcell. In some embodiments, UE 204 can be embodied in various types of user equipment, such as mobile phones, smart phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), tablet computers, laptop computers, wearable computing devices, etc. Processor modules 214 and 236 can be implemented or completed with a general-purpose processor, a content addressable memory, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array, any suitable programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof for performing the functions described herein. In this way, the processor can be implemented as a microprocessor, a controller, a microcontroller, a state machine, etc. The processor can also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a digital signal processor core, or any other such configuration.

[0058] In addition, the steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein may be directly embodied in hardware, in firmware, in software modules executed by the processor modules 214 and 236, respectively, or in any practical combination thereof. The memory modules 216 and 234 may be implemented as RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. In this regard, the memory modules 216 and 234 may be coupled to the processor modules 210 and 230, respectively, so that the processor modules 210 and 230 can read information from and write information to the memory modules 216 and 234, respectively. The memory modules 216 and 234 may also be integrated into their respective processor modules 210 and 230. In some embodiments, the memory modules 216 and 234 may each include a cache memory for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during the execution of instructions executed by the processor modules 210 and 230, respectively. Memory modules 216 and 234 may also each include non-volatile memory for storing instructions to be executed by processor modules 210 and 230, respectively.

[0059] The network communication module 218 generally represents the hardware, software, firmware, processing logic and / or other components of the base station 202 that enable bidirectional communication between the base station transceiver 210 and other network components and communication nodes configured to communicate with the base station 202. For example, the network communication module 218 can be configured to support Internet or WiMAX services. In a typical deployment, but not limited to, the network communication module 218 provides an 802.3 Ethernet interface so that the base station transceiver 210 can communicate with a traditional Ethernet-based computer network. In this way, the network communication module 218 can include a physical interface for connecting to a computer network (e.g., a mobile switching center (MSC)). The terms "configured for", "configured to" and their conjugates used herein for a specific operation or function refer to a device, component, circuit, structure, machine, signal, etc. that is physically constructed, programmed, formatted and / or arranged to perform a specific operation or function.

[0060] The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model (referred to herein as the "OSI model") is a conceptual and logical framework that defines network communications used by systems (e.g., wireless communication devices, wireless communication nodes) to openly interconnect and communicate with other systems. The model is divided into seven subcomponents or layers, each of which represents a conceptual set of services provided to the layers above and below it. The OSI model also defines logical networks and effectively describes computer packet transmissions by using different layer protocols. The OSI model may also be referred to as a seven-layer OSI model or a seven-layer model. In some embodiments, the first layer may be a physical layer. In some embodiments, the second layer may be a medium access control (MAC) layer. In some embodiments, the third layer may be a radio link control (RLC) layer. In some embodiments, the fourth layer may be a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer. In some embodiments, the fifth layer may be a radio resource control (RRC) layer. In some embodiments, the sixth layer may be a non-access (NAS) layer or an Internet Protocol (IP) layer, and the seventh layer is another layer.

[0061] Various exemplary embodiments of the present solution are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those of ordinary skill in the art can make and use the present solution. It is obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art that, after reading this disclosure, various changes or modifications can be made to the examples described herein without departing from the scope of the present solution. Therefore, the present solution is not limited to the exemplary embodiments and applications described and shown herein. In addition, the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the method disclosed herein is merely an exemplary method. Based on design preferences, the specific order or hierarchy of the steps of the disclosed method or process can be rearranged while remaining within the scope of the present solution. Therefore, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the methods and techniques disclosed herein present various steps or actions in a sample order, and unless otherwise expressly stated, the present solution is not limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.

[0062] 2. System and method for interference measurement of a network node (eg, SN)

[0063] In certain systems (e.g., 5G New Radio (NR), Next Generation (NG) systems, 3GPP systems, and / or other systems), a network controlled repeater (NCR) may be introduced as an enhancement to a conventional RF repeater with the ability to receive and / or process auxiliary control information from the network. The auxiliary control information may allow the network controlled repeater to perform / perform / operate its amplification and forwarding operations in a more efficient manner. Certain benefits may include at least mitigation of unnecessary noise amplification, transmission and reception with better spatial directivity, and / or simplified network integration.

[0064] NCR can be considered as the basis of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). RIS nodes can adjust the phase and amplitude of received signals to improve / enhance coverage (e.g., network communication coverage). As discussed herein, for simplicity, network nodes including but not limited to NCR, intelligent repeater, enhanced RF repeater, RIS and / or integrated access and backhaul (IAB) can be represented / referred to or set as intelligent nodes (SN) (e.g., network nodes). For example, SN can include / correspond to or refer to a network node to help BS102 improve coverage (e.g., avoid / avoid congestion / obstacles, increase transmission range, etc.).

[0065] In some cases, the SN may simultaneously maintain multiple links, for example, a link between the BS 102 and the SN and another link between the SN and the UE 104, to ensure signal forwarding of the BS 102 and the UE 104. However, the signal forwarded from the SN to the UE 104 may interfere with the signal reception from the BS 102 to the SN, and vice versa (sometimes referred to or expressed as self-interference, self-oscillation, or self-excitation). Therefore, the systems and methods of the technical solutions discussed herein may provide or introduce functions for measuring interference to the SN / interference of the SN (e.g., self-interference) and / or potential actions to be performed by the BS 102 and / or the SN based on the interference measurement results, for example, processing, resolving, or minimizing interference of signal forwarding.

[0066] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of an example network 300 is shown. Figure 3 As shown, one or more BSs 102A-B (e.g., BS 102) can provide service to one or more UEs 104A-B (e.g., UE 104) in their respective cells via respective one or more SNs 306A-B (e.g., sometimes labeled as SN 306), for example, when congestion exists between BS 102 and UE 104.

[0067] Figure 4 Schematic diagram 400 of transmission links between BS 102 and SN 306 and between SN 306 and UE 104 is shown. SN 306 may include or consist of at least two units or functional parts / components (e.g., sometimes referred to as functional entities), such as a communication unit (CU) (e.g., SN CU) and a forwarding unit (FU) (e.g., SN FU). The units of SN 306 may support different functions of communicating with at least one of BS 102 and / or UE 104. In some cases, a first unit (or functional entity) of SN 306 may be referred to as SN CU, and a second unit (or functional entity) of SN 306 may be referred to as SN FU, or vice versa. For example, SN CU (e.g., first unit) may be a network controlled repeater (NCR) MT. In another example, SN FU (e.g., second unit) may be an NCR forwarder / forward (Fwd). SN CU may act / behave as or include features similar to UE 104, such as receiving and decoding auxiliary control information from BS 102. The SN CU can be a control unit, a controller, a mobile terminal (MT), a part of a UE, a third-party IoT device, etc. The SN FU can use the auxiliary control information received by the SN CU to perform intelligent amplification and forwarding operations. The SN FU can be a radio unit (RU), a RIS, etc.

[0068] like Figure 4The transmission links shown between BS 102 and SN 306 and between SN 306 and UE 104 may be defined / described / provided as follows:

[0069] C1: Control link (C-link) from SN CU to BS;

[0070] C2: Control link (C-link) from BS to SN CU;

[0071] F1: backhaul link from SN FU to BS;

[0072] F2: backhaul link from BS to SN FU;

[0073] F3: Access link from UE to SN FU; and

[0074] F4: Access link from SN FU to UE.

[0075] A control link (e.g., sometimes referred to as a communication link) may refer to or describe that a signal from one side will be detected and decoded by the other side, so that information transmitted in / via the control link can be used to control the state of a forwarding link (e.g., a backhaul link and / or an access link, F-link). A forwarding link means that, for the SN FU, the signal from the BS 102 or UE 104 is unknown. In this case, the SN FU can amplify and forward the signal without decoding it. For example, the F1 and F3 links may correspond to or be associated with a complete uplink (UL) forwarding link (e.g., a backhaul link and an access link, respectively) from the UE 104 to the BS 102, where F1 is the SN FU UL forwarding link. In addition, the F2 and F4 links may correspond to or be associated with a complete DL forwarding link (e.g., a backhaul link and an access link, respectively) from the BS 102 to the UE 104, where F4 is the SN FU DL forwarding link. The F1 and F2 links may correspond to or be referred to as a backhaul link, and the F3 and F4 links may correspond to or be referred to as an access link.

[0076] refer to Figure 5 , depicts an example block diagram 500 of DL forwarding by SN 306 (eg, SN FU). DL forwarding may involve F2 and F4 links, eg, transmission / signaling / communication from BS 102 to SN FU via F2 link and from SN FU to UE 104 via F4 link.

[0077] refer to Figure 6 , depicts an example block diagram 600 of interference to SN 306. Figure 5Taking DL forwarding as an example, if the DL transmission (Tx) beam and the DL reception (Rx) beam are within a certain angle, interference may occur between the Tx beam and the Rx beam. Figure 6 As shown, the incoming beam 3 received via the F2 link may be within a certain angle as the outgoing beam 3 transmitted via the F4 link, which may cause interference between the input and output ports of the SN 306 (e.g., SN FU). For example, interference may occur between the Tx beam and the Rx beam forwarded from the UE 104 to the BS 102 via the F1 and F3 links. In various configurations discussed herein, the SN 306 can perform the features, functions, and / or operations discussed herein to mitigate, avoid, minimize, or resolve interference between input and output signals (e.g., forwarded signals).

[0078] refer to Figure 7 , depicts a structure 700 of an example implementation for handling / resolving interference of a SN. The structure 700 may include various example implementations described in further detail herein. The example implementations may be performed, executed, or operated by one or more devices within the network 300, such as the BS 102, the UE 104, and / or the SN 306.

[0079] Example Implementation 1: SN Measurement Interference

[0080] In various implementations, the SN 306 (e.g., an SN CU, a network node, or an NCR MT) may measure, determine, or calculate interference (e.g., an interference value, level, or magnitude) using at least one of various example configurations, including but not limited to at least one of example configurations 1-6.

[0081] Example Configuration 1: Calculating Interference Values ​​by Turning Output Forwarding Links On or Off

[0082] In some configurations, the SN 306 may calculate / compute / determine the interference value by enabling / turning on or disabling / turning off the outgoing forwarding link. The outgoing forwarding link may be different depending on whether the forwarding is DL forwarding or UL forwarding.

[0083] Figure 8 An example block diagram 800 is depicted for a first measurement occasion for DL ​​forwarding. In the first measurement occasion for DL ​​forwarding, the F2 link may be in an "on" state (e.g., an enabled state), and the F4 link may be in an "off" state (e.g., a disabled state). To be in the "on" state, the SN 306 may turn on the F2 link or maintain the "on" state of the F2 link to perform the measurement. To be in the "off" state, the SN 306 may turn off the F4 link or maintain the "off" state of the F4 link to perform the measurement. For DL ​​forwarding, the F2 link may be associated with an input of the SN FU. The F4 link may be associated with an output of the SN FU.

[0084] At this measurement opportunity, the SN CU may measure / determine / calculate the energy value at point A, for example, at the input of the SN 306 or the SN FU. In some cases, point A may be at the input of the SN CU, for example, when the SN CU and the SN FU share the same RF components. When the F2 link or the C2 link (for example, the first link to the input) is turned on / activated and the F4 link (for example, the second link from the output) is turned off / deactivated, the energy value measured at point A may be represented as P1 (for example, the first energy value). In this case, the SN 306 may determine the energy value without being potentially interfered by the F4 link being in the "off" state.

[0085] Fig. 9 An example block diagram 900 of a second measurement opportunity for DL ​​forwarding is illustrated. At the second measurement opportunity for DL ​​forwarding, both the F2 link (or C2 link) and the F4 link may be in an "on" state. In this case, when both the F2 and F4 links are turned on, the SN CU may measure an energy value at point A (e.g., represented as P2 or a second energy value). Based on the measured energy values ​​from the first and second measurement opportunities, the SN 306 may calculate / calculate interference based on or based on at least one of the following values: α, P1, or P2. The value of α may be greater than 0 (e.g., α>0, corresponding to a positive number). In some cases, the value of α may be 1. In some cases, the value of α may be 0.8. The value of α may be configured / provided by the BS 102 based on other potential factors affecting interference measurement, such as frequency band, polarization, power, beam, etc.

[0086] For example, the interference value may be calculated using the following formula: (P2-P1) / P1. In some cases, the interference value may be determined based on the ratio between P1 and P2. In another example, SN 306 may consider other factors that affect interference. In this example, the interference value may be calculated using the formula α*(P2-P1) / P1. This formula may represent the interference value.

[0087] Fig.10 An example block diagram 1000 of a first measurement occasion for UL forwarding is depicted. At the first measurement occasion for UL forwarding, the F3 link may be in an "on" state and the F1 link may be in an "off" state. The SN CU may measure an energy value at point B, e.g., an input port of the SN FU for UL forwarding. In this example, when the F3 link is on and the F1 link is off, the energy value measured at point B may be denoted as P1.

[0088] Fig.11An example block diagram 1100 of a second measurement opportunity for UL forwarding is depicted. At the second measurement opportunity for UL forwarding, both the F3 link and the F1 link may be in an "on" state. In this case, when both the F1 and F3 links are on, the SNCU may measure the energy value at point B (e.g., denoted as P2).

[0089] Subsequently, the SN 306 may calculate the interference based on at least one of the following values: α, P1, P2. The value of α may be greater than 0. In some cases, the value of α may be 1. In some cases, the value of α may be 0.8. The value of α may be configured by the BS 102 based on other factors that affect interference, such as frequency band, polarization, power, beam, etc. For example, the SN 306 may calculate the interference value based on (P2-P1) / P1. In another example, to account for one or more factors that affect interference, the SN 306 may calculate the interference value based on α*(P2-P1) / P1. Based on at least one of the above formulas, the SN 306 may identify the difference between the power / energy level / value (e.g., P2-P1) and the ratio relative to P1 (e.g., determined when the output port is disabled), thereby determining how the output signal affects the energy level at the input port.

[0090] Example configurations / settings / parameters for executing example configuration 1 may include at least one of the following.

[0091] The time domain resources for each measurement opportunity;

[0092] Reference signal type;

[0093] Type of measurement method (e.g., example configuration);

[0094] Frequency domain resources;

[0095] On / off indication for each measurement opportunity (e.g., indicating whether to activate or deactivate certain links);

[0096] The switch indication may be indicated explicitly or implicitly. For implicit indication, the switch indication may be implicitly determined by the beam indication. For example, the time domain resources associated with the valid beam index may be considered as the on / active state of a certain link (e.g., at least one of F1-F4). In another example, the time domain resources associated with a specific beam index (e.g., beam index 0) may be considered as the on / active state of a specific link.

[0097] Community information.

[0098] Example Configuration 2: Calculating Interference Values ​​by Configuring Different Power Values

[0099] In some configurations, the SN 306 may configure / change / update / adjust the power value / level / amplitude of the SN FU to calculate the interference value. In this configuration, the power value may refer to or correspond to at least one of the amplification gain, transmission power, and / or power offset of the SN FU. The measurement point A or the measurement point B may be similar to the measurement point A in FIG. Figures 8 to 11 Those points for UL and / or DL ​​forwarding described in at least one of the above.

[0100] In this configuration, the SN 306 (e.g., SN CU) or BS 102 may perform interference measurements in a plurality of measurement occasions, for example, represented as N (e.g., N may represent an integer of at least 2 (N>=2)) measurement occasions. During (or among) the N measurement occasions, the UL (e.g., F1 and / or F3) and / or DL ​​(e.g., F2 and / or F4) forwarding links may be activated or in an "on" state. When the forwarding links are activated, the SN 306 may measure a corresponding energy / power value for each of the N measurement occasions. Each of the N measurement occasions may include or be configured with a different power value (e.g., NCR Fwd) of the SN FU. For example, the power value associated with the corresponding N measurement occasions may be represented as L 1 , L 2 , …, L N .

[0101] In some implementations, the N measurement opportunities may be consecutive in the time domain. In some implementations, the duration of the measurement opportunity may be configured by BS 102 (or the network). In some implementations, the duration of the measurement opportunity may be the same as the duration of the reference signal used for measurement. In some other implementations, the duration of the measurement opportunity may be predefined / predetermined / preconfigured in the specification. For example, the measurement opportunity may occupy at least one of 1 symbol, 2 symbols, 1 time slot, 5 μs, 1 ms, etc.

[0102] In some implementations, each measurement opportunity may occupy the same duration in / of the time domain resource. In some implementations, the configured power difference between adjacent measurement opportunities may be the same, for example, L N -L N-1 =L N-1 -L N-2 =…=L 2 -L 1 For example, at the first measurement opportunity, the configured power / energy value may be L 1 , and the SN CU can measure the energy value at the measurement point, expressed as P 1 At the second measurement time, the configured power value can be L 2, SN CU can measure the energy value of the measurement point, expressed as P 2 In addition, at the Nth measurement opportunity, the configured power value can be L N , SN CU can measure the energy value of the measurement point, for example, expressed as P N .

[0103] The interference may be calculated based on or according to at least one of the following values: α, L 1 , L 2 , …, L N , P 1 , P 2 ,…,P N , where α may be greater than 0 (eg, α may be 1, 0.8). The value of α may be configured by BS 102 based on other influencing factors, such as frequency band, polarization, power, beam, etc.

[0104] In some cases, the interference of each configured power value may be calculated based on or according to at least one of the following values: α, L 1 , L 2 , …, L N , P 1 , P 2 ,…,P N For example, for L 1 , L 2 , …, L N At least one of the associated interference values ​​can be calculated.

[0105] In some cases, interference (e.g., with reference to or with respect to at least one of example configurations 1 and / or 3-6) may be calculated based on a configured power. For each configured power, an interference value may be calculated based on a measurement result and a calculation function, for example, as described in at least one of example configurations 1 and / or 3-6, wherein the configured power may include at least one of a transmission power, an amplification gain, and / or a power offset.

[0106] For example, SN 306 may calculate the average {(P N -P N-1 ) / (L N -L N-1 ),(P N-1 -P N-2 ) / (L N-1 -L N-2 ),…,(P 2 -P 1 ) / (L 2 -L 1 )}, as the interference value. In another example, SN306 can calculate the value of α*average {(P N-P N-1 ) / (L N -L N-1 ),(P N-1 -P N-2 ) / (L N-1 -L N-2 ),...,(P 2 -P1) / (L 2 -L 1 )}, as the interference value.

[0107] In some cases, N may be equal to 2. For example, when N=2, SN 306 may calculate the interference value based on (P2-P1) / (L2-L1). In another example, when N=2, SN 306 may calculate the interference value based on α*(P2-P1) / (L2-L1).

[0108] Example parameters of example configuration 2 may include at least one of the following.

[0109] The time domain resources for each measurement opportunity;

[0110] Frequency domain resources;

[0111] A power indication for each measurement occasion (e.g., transmit power, power offset, and / or amplifier gain);

[0112] Reference signal type;

[0113] Type of measurement method;

[0114] Community information.

[0115] Example Configuration 3: Calculating Interference Values ​​by Sliding the Time Domain Measurement Window

[0116] In some configurations, the SN 306 may calculate the interference value by sliding / shifting / moving / changing the time domain measurement window. For example, when an input signal is provided for forwarding, there may be a delay in forwarding the output signal. The delay may be between the input signal and the output signal. For example, the delay may be caused by an internal delay of a hardware structure. In another example, the delay may be caused by a cache or storage. The measurement points discussed herein may be similar or identical to the measurement points discussed in Example Configuration 1 for UL and / or DL ​​forwarding.

[0117] refer to Fig.12, illustrating an example block diagram 1200 of a measurement signal including interference. As shown in the block diagram 1200, for example, the signal length / duration may be represented as T2, the measurement delay or gap may be represented as T1, and the start time of the measurement may be represented as T0. T1 may be caused by an internal delay of the SN FU (e.g., NCR Fwd). The SN 306 may measure the corresponding energy value at the input of the SN FU for at least one of the following time domain windows, while the first link to the input of the SN FU and the second link from the output of the SN FU are activated or in an "on" state, for example, for DL ​​and / or UL forwarding:

[0118] [T0, T0+T1]: This window (e.g., a first time domain window) may be defined as from a first time point (e.g., T0) to a second time point, wherein the second time point may be or correspond to the first time point plus T1 (e.g., indicating the duration of the window). In this window, the SN 306 may measure the corresponding energy at the measurement point, and the input signal may exist without interference, wherein the measured energy value may be denoted as P1;

[0119] [T0+T1, T0+T2]: The window (e.g., the second time domain window) may be defined as from the second time point to the third time point, where the third time point may be or correspond to the first time point (e.g., T0) plus T2. In the window, at the measurement point, the measured signal may include interference of the input signal and the output signal, where the interference may occur after a delay of the first time domain window. The measured energy value of the second window may be denoted as P2; and / or

[0120] [T0+T2, T0+T2+T1]: This window (e.g., the third time domain window) may be defined as from the third time point to the fourth time point, where the fourth time point may be the third time point plus T1. As described above, T1 may correspond to the internal delay of the SN FU, and T2 may correspond to the signal length. In this window, at the measurement point, the SN 306 may measure the interference signal, where the measured energy value may be denoted as P3.

[0121] In some cases, if T1>=T2, the second measurement window may not exist. The interference may be calculated based on or according to at least one of the following values: α, P1, P2, P3, where α (e.g., α>0, so that α may be 1) may be configured by BS 102 based on other influencing factors, such as frequency band, polarization, power, beam, etc.

[0122] The values ​​of T0, T1 and / or T2 may be determined by or based on at least one of: capabilities of the network node, duration of the measurement, time domain resources of the reference signal, a predefined value, a parameter configured by BS102 (e.g., a wireless communication node), the start time of the measurement, a predefined time point and / or a time point triggered by a wireless communication device, etc.

[0123] For example, SN 306 may calculate or determine the interference value based on a formula (P2-P1) / P1 (e.g., a formula representing an interference value). In another example, SN 306 may calculate the interference value based on a formula P3 / P1. In yet another example, SN 306 may calculate the interference value based on a formula (P3+P2-P1) / (2*P1). In another example, SN 306 may calculate the interference value based on a formula α*(P2-P1) / P1, α*P3 / P1, and / or α*(P3+P2-P1) / (2*P1).

[0124] The parameter examples of example configuration 3 may include at least one of the following parameters:

[0125] The time domain resources of each measurement opportunity include at least one of a measurement duration T2, a measurement delay or gap T1, and a start time of a first time domain window T0;

[0126] Frequency domain resources;

[0127] Reference signal type;

[0128] Type of measurement method;

[0129] Community information.

[0130] Example Configuration 4: Calculating Interference Values ​​by Shifting Frequency Domain Resources

[0131] In some configurations, the SN 306 may calculate the interference value by shifting the frequency domain resources of the input signal and / or the output signal. Fig.13 , depicts an example block diagram 1300 of DL frequency shift forwarding. As shown, the input signal and the output signal can be in different frequency domain resources. In this example, the input signal can be in frequency band 1 (e.g., a first frequency domain resource) and the output signal can be in frequency band 2 (e.g., a second frequency domain resource). These frequency bands associated with the input and output signals may not overlap. For UL and / or DL ​​forwarding, the measurement points can be the same as discussed in example configuration 1.

[0132] exist Fig.13In the DL forwarding, the frequency shift forwarding may be shown. At the measurement opportunity, the SN 306 (e.g., the SN CU) may measure the energy value of the input signal at the input end (e.g., at the measurement point) in frequency band 1. When the first link to the input end of the SN FU and the second link from the output end of the SN FU are activated (e.g., the F2 and F4 links are active), the measurement point may correspond to or be located at the input of the SN FU in the first frequency band of the input signal. The energy value measured at frequency band 1 may be denoted as P1 (e.g., the first energy value).

[0133] In the measurement opportunity, the SN CU may measure a second energy value (e.g., denoted as P2) of the input signal at the input end of the SN FU in a second frequency band of the output signal corresponding to the input signal (e.g., at a measurement point of frequency band 2, the received input signal is forwarded as an output signal). The SN CU may perform the measurement when a first link to the input end of the SN FU and a second link from the output end of the SN FU are activated.

[0134] SN 306 (e.g., SN CU) may calculate interference based on at least one of the following values: α, P1, P2, where α (e.g., α>0, so that α may be 1) may be configured by BS 102 based on other influencing factors, such as frequency band, polarization, power, beam, etc. For example, SN 306 may calculate the interference value as P2 / P1. In another example, SN 306 may calculate the interference value as α*P2 / P1.

[0135] Example parameters of example configuration 4 may include at least one of the following parameters:

[0136] The time domain resources of the measurement opportunities; and / or

[0137] Frequency domain resources for different frequency bands (e.g., frequency band 1 for input signals and / or frequency band 2 for output signals), where for each frequency band, the frequency resources may include at least one of the following: a carrier index, a frequency band index, a BWP index, a frequency range index, a start RB index, an RB number, an RE number, a frequency offset, etc.;

[0138] Reference signal type;

[0139] Type of measurement method;

[0140] Community information.

[0141] Solution 5: Calculate interference value by configuring different polarizations

[0142] In some configurations, the SN 306 may calculate the interference value by configuring different polarizations for the input signal and / or the output signal. For example, the input signal and the output signal may be configured to have different polarizations, for example, the input signal has a first polarization and the output signal has a second polarization. The different polarizations may be orthogonal. The measurement points discussed herein may be described in conjunction with example configuration 1. When a first link to the input and a second link to the output of the SN FU are activated, the SN CU may perform the measurement of the energy value discussed herein.

[0143] During the measurement opportunity, the SN CU may measure a first energy value / level (e.g., denoted as P1) of an input signal at the measurement point (e.g., the input of the SN FU) under / through the first polarization of the input signal. Since the output signal uses a second polarization different from the first polarization, the output signal does not interfere with the input of the SN FU at the measurement point through the first polarization. In this case, it can be assumed that P1 includes the input signal without interference from the output signal, although background noise (e.g., from other cells) may be present in other types of interference within the network environment.

[0144] At the measurement opportunity, the SN CU may measure a second energy value (e.g., represented as P2) of an input signal at an input end of the SN FU (e.g., at a measurement point) through a second polarization. Since the output signal uses the second polarization, the output signal may cause interference at the measurement point through the second polarization, although the input signal may not have any leakage energy at the measurement point through the second polarization. Therefore, in this case, in addition to other background noise and / or interference (e.g., from other cells), it can be assumed that P2 includes an interference signal.

[0145] SN 306 may calculate the interference based on or according to at least one of the following values: α, P1, P2, where α (e.g., α>0, so that α may be 1) may be configured by BS 102 based on other influencing factors, such as frequency band, polarization, power, beam, etc. For example, SN 306 may calculate the interference value as P2 / P1. In another example, SN 306 may calculate the interference value as α*P2 / P1.

[0146] Example parameters of example configuration 5 may include at least one of the following parameters:

[0147] The time domain resources of the measurement opportunity;

[0148] Frequency domain resources; and / or

[0149] an indication of the polarization of the input signal and / or the output signal;

[0150] Reference signal type;

[0151] Type of measurement method;

[0152] Community information.

[0153] Example Configuration 6: Calculating Interference Values ​​Using a Specific Beam Pair

[0154] In some configurations, the SN 306 or the BS 102 may calculate the interference value using a specific beam pair of the input signal and the output signal of the SN 306. Example configuration 6 may be additionally performed with at least one of the example configurations 1-5 such that the interference value may be calculated using beam pair information (e.g., interference for each beam pair). For example, if the Rx receive beam at the input end of the SN FU (e.g., at the measurement point) is y and the Tx transmit beam at the output end of the SN FU is x, the SN 306 may calculate the interference (e.g., expressed as E(x, y)) for the specific beam pair (x, y).

[0155] Combine Example Configuration 1 and Example Configuration 6

[0156] In this example, SN 306 may perform measurements using a specific beam pair (x, y), and other processes may be performed similarly to example configuration 1. In this case, SN 306 may calculate interference as E(x, y) = (P2-P1) / P1. For example, using a specific beam pair (x, y), the interference value may be expressed as or correspond to (P2-P1) / P1. Similar features or functions discussed herein may be used to calculate interference values ​​for other beam pairs.

[0157] In another example, SN 306 may use a specific beam pair (x, y) to perform measurements, and other processes are performed similarly to example configuration 1. In this case, SN 306 may calculate interference as E(x, y) = α*(P2-P1) / P1. For example, using a specific beam pair (x, y), the interference value may correspond to α*(P2-P1) / P1, where α may be a positive number configured by BS 102 based on other influencing factors, such as frequency band, polarization, power, beam. Other interference values ​​for other beam pairs may be calculated in a similar manner.

[0158] Combine Example Configuration 2 and Example Configuration 6

[0159] In some implementations, the SN 306 may use a specific beam pair (x, y) to perform the measurement, and the other processes are performed similarly to example configuration 2. In this case, the SN 306 may calculate the interference as E(x, y) = (P2-P1) / (L2-L1). For example, using a specific beam pair (x, y), the interference value may correspond to (P2-P1) / (L2-L1). The interference values ​​of other beam pairs may be calculated in a similar manner.

[0160] In some implementations, SN 306 may perform measurements using a specific beam pair (x, y), with other processes performed similarly to example configuration 2. In this case, SN 306 may calculate interference as E(x, y) = α*(P2-P1) / (L2-L1). For example, using a specific beam pair (x, y), the interference value may correspond to α*(P2-P1) / (L2-L1), where α may be a positive number configured by BS 102 based on other influencing factors, such as frequency band, polarization, power, beam. Interference values ​​for other beam pairs may be calculated in a similar manner. In various configurations, SN 306 may perform measurements for a specific beam pair in combination with other example configurations discussed herein.

[0161] Example parameters of example configuration 6 may include at least one of the following parameters:

[0162] The time domain resources of the measurement opportunity;

[0163] Frequency domain resources; and / or

[0164] a beam indication of at least one of a receive beam and / or a transmit beam;

[0165] Reference signal type;

[0166] Type of measurement method;

[0167] Community information.

[0168] Example Implementation 2: SN CU is set with multiple parameters for interference measurement

[0169] In various implementations, the SN 306 (e.g., SN CU) may receive or be provided with various parameters from the BS 102 to perform interference measurements. The provided parameters may be used in part, for example, to perform at least one of the example configurations 1-6 and other example configurations discussed herein. In addition to other types of signaling, the parameters may be transmitted to the SN 306 via at least one of RRC, MAC CE, DCI, and / or system information. The measurement may be a periodic measurement or an aperiodic measurement. For an aperiodic measurement, the measurement event may be a triggering event, for example, which may be triggered based on or according to an indication from the BS 102 or the UE 104. The parameters may include at least one of the following:

[0170] Time domain resources:

[0171] The time domain resources may include at least one of the following: start time, mode, start and length indicator value (SLIV), time offset, slot offset, symbol offset, time domain resource allocation (TDRA) index, duty cycle, duration (in symbols or slots), periodicity, reference signal resource index, RSSI resource index and / or reference SCS, etc.

[0172] In some implementations, periodicity and slot offset may or may not be combined into a single parameter.

[0173] In some implementations, the reference signal resource index may include at least one of an SSB index, a CSI-RS index, an SRS index, a preamble index, and the like.

[0174] Frequency domain resources:

[0175] The frequency domain resources may include at least one of the following: a carrier index, a frequency band index, a BWP index, a frequency range index, a start RB index, an RB number, an RE number, a frequency offset, and the like.

[0176] The frequency domain resource may be the same as the indicated reference signal. In this case, it may not be necessary to explicitly indicate the frequency domain resource. For example, if the indicated reference signal is an SSB, the measurement may be performed in the same frequency domain resource as the SSB.

[0177] The frequency domain resources used for measurement can be the same as the frequency domain resources used for the SN CU.

[0178] The frequency domain resources may be default values. For example, the SN 306 may perform forwarding in dedicated frequency domain resources, so that the frequency domain resources may not be configured or required.

[0179] Reference signal type.

[0180] This parameter may indicate the reference signal type used for measurement. The reference signal type may include at least one of SSB, CSI-RS, SRS, PRACH, etc.

[0181] The type of measurement method.

[0182] The parameter may indicate a measurement method type, including at least one of RSSI measurement and / or reference signal based measurement (eg, RSRP, RSRQ, SINR).

[0183] Community information.

[0184] The parameter may indicate the cell in which the measurement is performed. The cell information may include at least one of a cell ID, a serving cell ID, and / or a cell group ID.

[0185] The cell information may be indicated implicitly. For example, the configuration (e.g., cell information) may be indicated in a cell-specific indication so that measurements may be performed in the same cell of the SN CU. In another example, the configuration may be indicated in a cell group level indication so that measurements may be performed in the same cell group of the SN CU.

[0186] Power indication:

[0187] The power indication may include at least one of transmission power, amplification gain, power factor (e.g., α, which may be a positive number configured by BS102 based on other influencing factors, such as frequency band, polarization, power and / or beam) and / or power offset, etc.

[0188] Beam indication:

[0189] The beam indication may include at least one beam information (e.g., beam index, TCI status, etc.) of an Rx reception beam and / or a Tx transmission beam.

[0190] Switch Instructions:

[0191] The switch indication (eg, activation or deactivation information) may be applied to at least one of the forwarding links F1, F2, F3, and / or F4, eg, a first link or a second link associated with at least one of UL or DL ​​forwarding.

[0192] The link-level switch indication may be indicated explicitly or implicitly. For implicit indication, the switch indication may be implicitly determined by the beam indication. For example, the time domain resources associated with the valid beam index may be considered as the on state of a particular link (e.g., at least one of F1-F4). In another example, the time domain resources associated with a particular beam index (e.g., beam index 0) may be considered as the on state of a particular link.

[0193] Polarization indication:

[0194] The polarization indication may include a polarization of at least one of the input signal and / or the output signal.

[0195] UL / DL indication:

[0196] The UL / DL indication (e.g., measurement direction) may indicate whether the measurement is performed in UL forwarding or in DL forwarding, so that the measurement point (e.g., point A or point B) may be derived or determined as described or shown in conjunction with example configuration 1 of example implementation 1. For example, the UL / DL indication may include an indication of UL, DL, and / or both UL and DL.

[0197] Threshold:

[0198] The threshold of the interference level can be used to compare with the interference value or measurement result (e.g., P1 and / or P2) so that the interference state can be determined. For example, the threshold can be used to determine whether there is an interference problem and / or whether the corresponding beam pair is valid or invalid.

[0199] The threshold value may be used to compare with the interference value or measurement result (e.g., P1 and / or P2) to determine whether to send a report to BS 102 (e.g., gNB). For example, if the interference value or measurement result is greater than / exceeds the threshold value, the SN CU may send an interference status report to BS 102.

[0200] The threshold value can be used to compare with the interference value or measurement result (e.g., P1 and / or P2) to determine whether to perform a corresponding action. For example, if the interference value or measurement result is greater than the threshold value, the SN CU can automatically or responsively adjust the beam, power and / or switch state of the SNFU.

[0201] Indications for selection of measurement configuration:

[0202] The indication may be by the BS 102 to the SN 306 explicitly indicating which measurement configuration to use, for example, at least one from the example configurations 1-6. In some cases, the measurement configuration may be implicitly selected based on at least one parameter:

[0203] Example 1: If the switch indication is indicated, the SN 306 may determine that example configuration 1 is implicitly selected.

[0204] Example 2: If a power indication is indicated, the SN 306 may determine that example configuration 2 is implicitly selected.

[0205] Example 3: If more than one time domain measurement window is indicated by the time domain resource indication, the SN 306 may determine that example configuration 3 is implicitly selected.

[0206] Example 4: If more than one frequency domain measurement window is indicated by the frequency domain resource indication, the SN 306 may determine that example configuration 4 is implicitly selected.

[0207] Example 5: If a polarization indication is indicated, the SN 306 may determine that example configuration 5 is implicitly selected.

[0208] Example 6: If beam indication is indicated, the SN 306 may determine that example configuration 6 is implicitly selected.

[0209] Example 7: If a switch indication and a beam indication are indicated, the SN 306 may determine that a joint configuration including example configurations 1 and 6 is implicitly selected.

[0210] Example 8: If both the power indication and the beam indication are indicated, the SN 306 may determine that a joint configuration including example configurations 2 and 6 is implicitly selected.

[0211] Example 9: If more than one time domain measurement window and beam indication are indicated, the SN 306 may determine to implicitly select a joint configuration including example configurations 3 and 6.

[0212] Example 10: If more than one frequency domain measurement window and beam indication are indicated, the SN 306 may determine to implicitly select a joint configuration including example configurations 4 and 6.

[0213] Example 11: If polarization indication and beam indication are indicated, SN 306 may determine that a joint configuration including example configurations 5 and 6 is implicitly selected.

[0214] In some implementations, the parameters may be sent to the SN CU in RRC signaling via PDSCH. In the RRC configuration, the measurement may be performed periodically. For example, the RRC configuration may include one or more measurement resource lists / sets (e.g., resource sets). In each measurement resource list / set, the configuration of each measurement resource may include at least one of a resource ID / index, a reference SCS, a starting PRB, a number of PRBs, a starting symbol in a slot (or a symbol offset), a duration, a number of symbols, a number of slots, a periodicity, a slot offset (the periodicity and the offset may be combined into a single parameter), and / or a reference cell index (e.g., a serving cell index). In another example, at least one of the reference SCS, the starting PRB, the number of PRBs, the duration, the number of symbols, the number of slots, the periodicity, and / or the reference cell index (e.g., a serving cell index) may be common to all measurement resources in the measurement resource list / set. In yet another example, a priority index may be included in the RRC configuration to provide a priority (e.g., prioritize) to a measurement resource list / set relative to other measurement configurations / indications (e.g., a non-periodic measurement indication via DCI). In another example, a configuration index indicating the selection of the measurement configuration may be included in each measurement resource list / set.In another example, at least one of the reference signal type and / or the measurement method type may be included in RRC signaling, which may be common to the measurement resource list.

[0215] In some implementations, the parameters may be transmitted / broadcasted to the SN CU in system information (e.g., SIB1). When the parameters are broadcasted via system information, the measurement resources may be common to all SNs 306 in the cell. In the system information, the measurements may be performed periodically. For example, the configuration may include one or more measurement resource lists / sets (e.g., resource sets). In each measurement resource list / set, the configuration of each measurement resource may include at least one of a resource ID / index, a reference SCS, a starting PRB, a number of PRBs, a starting symbol in a time slot (or a symbol offset), a duration, a number of symbols, a number of time slots, a periodicity, a time slot offset (the periodicity and the offset may be combined into a single parameter), and / or a reference cell index (e.g., a serving cell index). In another example, at least one of the reference SCS, the starting PRB, the number of PRBs, the duration, the number of symbols, the number of time slots, the periodicity, and / or the reference cell index (e.g., a serving cell index) may be common to all measurement resources in the measurement resource list / set.

[0216] In some implementations, the parameters may be transmitted to the SN CU in the DCI via the PDCCH. In the DCI indication, the measurement may be performed aperiodically. In one example, the DCI may configure one or more measurement resources. Each measurement resource may include at least one of a resource ID / index, a reference SCS, a starting PRB, a number of PRBs, a starting symbol in a time slot (or a symbol offset), a duration, a number of symbols, a number of time slots, a periodicity, a time slot offset (periodicity and offset may be combined into a single parameter), and / or a reference cell index (e.g., a serving cell index). In one example, when the SN CU receives a DCI carrying the measurement configuration and / or a scheduling offset k, the start time of the measurement may be determined by the time slot n. In some cases, k may be included in the DCI. For example, k may be a value determined by or according to the capabilities of the SN 306. In another example, k may be a predefined value, such as 0, etc. In yet another example, the start time of the measurement may be determined based on n+k+time slot offset, wherein the time slot offset may be configured in RRC or DCI and other types of signaling.

[0217] In some implementations, the parameters may be transmitted to the SN CU in the DCI via the PDCCH and / or passed to the SN CU via the RRC via the PDSCH. In some examples, in the joint RRC and DCI indication, the measurement may be performed aperiodically. In one example, the RRC may configure a list of measurement resources. In this example, the DCI may select one or more measurement resources from a preconfigured list in the RRC. In the measurement resource list / set in the RRC, the configuration of each measurement resource may include at least one of a resource ID / index, a reference SCS, a starting PRB, a number of PRBs, a starting symbol (or symbol offset) in a time slot, a duration, a number of symbols, a number of time slots, a periodicity, a time slot offset (periodicity and offset may be combined into a single parameter), and / or a reference cell index (e.g., a serving cell index). In another example, at least one of the reference SCS, the starting PRB, the number of PRBs, the duration, the number of symbols, the number of time slots, the periodicity and / or the reference cell index (e.g., a serving cell index) may be common to all measurement resources in the measurement resource list / set. In yet another example, the DCI may include one or more measurement resource IDs to select one or more measurement resources from a list configured by the RRC. In another example, the start time of the measurement may be determined by the DCI of the time slot n when the SN CU receives the measurement configuration and the scheduling offset k. In some cases, k may be included in the DCI. k may be a value based on or determined by the capabilities of the SN 306. In some cases, k may be a predefined value, such as 0. In another example, the start time of the measurement may be determined based on n+k+time slot offset, where the time slot offset may be configured in the RRC and / or DCI, etc.

[0218] In some implementations, the parameters may be transmitted to the SN CU in the MAC CE via the PDSCH. In the MAC CE indication, the measurement may be performed periodically or aperiodically. In one example, the MAC CE may configure one or more measurement resources. Each measurement resource may include at least one of a resource ID / index, a reference SCS, a starting PRB, a number of PRBs, a starting symbol in a time slot (or a symbol offset), a duration, a number of symbols, a number of time slots, a periodicity, a time slot offset (periodicity and offset may be combined into a single parameter), and / or a reference cell index (e.g., a serving cell index).

[0219] In some implementations, the parameter may be transmitted to the SN CU in the MAC CE via the PDSCH and to the SN CU in the RRC via the PDSCH. In some cases, in the joint RRC and MAC CE indication, the measurement may be performed periodically. For example, the RRC may configure a list of measurement resources. In this case, the MAC CE may select one or more measurement resources from a preconfigured list in the RRC. In the measurement resource list / set in the RRC, the configuration of each measurement resource may include at least one of a resource ID / index, a reference SCS, a starting PRB, a number of PRBs, a starting symbol in a time slot (or a symbol offset), a duration, a number of symbols, a number of time slots, a periodicity, a time slot offset (the periodicity and the offset may be combined into a single parameter), and / or a reference cell index (e.g., a serving cell index). In another example, at least one of the reference SCS, the starting PRB, the number of PRBs, the duration, the number of symbols, the number of time slots, the periodicity, and / or the reference cell index (e.g., a serving cell index) may be common to all measurement resources in the measurement resource list / set. In another example, the MAC CE may include one or more measurement resource IDs to select one or more measurement resources from a list configured by RRC.

[0220] Example Implementation 3: Measurement Configuration of At Least One of RSSI Measurement, RS-Based Measurement, and / or SINR Measurement

[0221] In some implementations, the measurement method or configuration may include at least one of a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) measurement, a reference signal-based measurement (e.g., a reference signal received power (RSRP) / reference signal received quality (RSRQ) measurement), and / or a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). Depending on whether the SN CU knows the measurement signal (e.g., the measurement method), the following cases may be provided as examples:

[0222] In one example, the SN CU may not be required to know or have information about the content of the forwarded signal. In this example, the SN CU may not process the forwarded signal (e.g., decoding, detection, demodulation, related operations, etc.). The energy measurement may be based on the energy and / or related noise of all signals (e.g., forwarded signals, interference, etc.) at the receiving point (e.g., the input of the SN FU), similar to RSSI measurement. In this example, the SN 306 (e.g., the SN CU) may measure the energy values ​​of all signals at the input of the SN FU.

[0223] In another example, the SN CU may know or have information about the forwarded signal. The SN CU may have the ability to process the forwarded signal so that the energy measurement can be based on the energy of the forwarded signal, for example, similar to RSRP and / or RSRQ measurement. In this example, the SN 306 can measure the energy value of a specific signal at the input of the SN FU (e.g., RSRP and / or RSRQ measurement).

[0224] In another example, the SN CU may know or have information about the forwarded signal. The SN CU may have the ability to process the forwarded signal or be configured to process the forwarded signal so that the energy measurement can be based on the energy of the forwarded signal. In this case, the other energy at the input of the SN FU can be regarded as interference and noise. Subsequently, the SN CU can calculate / calculate the signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio. In this example, the SN 306 can measure the signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio (SINR) at the input of the SN FU.

[0225] Example implementation 4: The forwarding signal used for measurement includes at least one of an existing RS, a new RS, and / or a dedicated sequence.

[0226] In some implementations, the forwarded signal for measurement may include at least one of an existing reference signal (RS), a new reference signal, and / or a dedicated sequence. The content of the DL forwarded signal for measuring interference may include at least one of the following:

[0227] Existing RS: for example, SSB, CSI-RS, etc.

[0228] Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCHH) and / or Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) and other DL signals dedicated to SN 306;

[0229] New RS: for example, NCR RS, used to measure the corresponding interference value; and / or

[0230] A dedicated sequence (eg, a sequence dedicated to the SN 306), such as an on-off keying (OOK) sequence, a zadoff-chu (ZC) sequence, and / or a pseudo noise (PN) sequence, etc.

[0231] The content of the UL forwarding signal for measuring interference may include at least one of the following:

[0232] Existing RS: For example, Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) and other signals;

[0233] Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) and / or Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) and other UL signals dedicated to SN 306;

[0234] New RS: for example, NCR RS, used to measure the corresponding interference value; and / or

[0235] Dedicated sequence, for example, OOK sequence, ZC sequence, PN sequence, physical random access channel (PRACH) sequence, etc.

[0236] Example implementation 5: Trigger event defined for when to perform a measurement.

[0237] In some implementations, one or more triggered / triggering events / indications may be defined / configured for the SN 306 to determine when to perform / initiate / continue interference measurements. For example, the SN 306 may initiate or perform measurements of energy values ​​of input signals at the input of the SN FU in response to at least one of the following triggering events, which may be defined for the SNCU:

[0238] 1) Radio Resource Control (RRC) establishment (e.g., events associated with the establishment of an RRC connection):

[0239] a. When the SN CU decides / determines to establish an RRC connection, the SN CU can measure the interference.

[0240] b. Measurement may occur / happen / start before the PRACH procedure and / or after the SN CU enters the RRC connected state.

[0241] 2) An instruction from BS 102 to perform measurements (eg, receiving a defined instruction from BS 102):

[0242] a. For example, BS 102 may transmit / send / provide / communicate / signal SN 306 to perform a measurement. BS 102 may determine to perform a transmission if BS 102 identifies / discovers that a UE transmission (e.g., a signal from UE 104) has a problem according to at least one of the following:

[0243] i. The number of retransmissions of PUSCH and / or PUCCH is greater than K (eg, predefined in the specification or configured by BS 102 ).

[0244] ii. The RSRP / RSRQ of the PRACH signal is less than a threshold (eg, predefined or configured by BS 102 ).

[0245] b. In another example, if SN 306 transmits a status report including an abnormal indication of SN 306, BS 102 may determine to transmit an indication that SN 306 performs measurements:

[0246] i. Anomalies may include at least one of the following: beam failure, radio failure, overheating, etc.

[0247] ii. The exception may include at least one of the following: SN CU and SN FU, and is identified by the SN CU.

[0248] c. The indication may be transmitted in at least one of a DCI and / or a MAC CE.

[0249] i. In some examples, the DCI and / or MAC CE may configure one or more measurement resources.

[0250] ii. Each measurement resource may include at least one of a resource ID / index, a reference SCS, a starting PRB, a number of PRBs, a starting symbol in a time slot (or a symbol offset), a duration, a number of symbols, a number of time slots, a periodicity, a time slot offset (the periodicity and offset may be combined into a single parameter), and / or a reference cell index (e.g., a serving cell index).

[0251] iii. When the SN CU receives the DCI carrying the measurement configuration and the scheduling offset k, the start time of the measurement can be determined by the time slot n.

[0252] 1. For example, k may be included in the DCI.

[0253] 2. In another example, k may be a value determined by the capabilities of the SN 306.

[0254] 3. In yet another example, k may be a predefined value, eg, 0.

[0255] iv. The start time of the measurement may be determined by n+k+time slot offset, where the time slot offset may be configured in RRC and / or DCI and other types of signaling.

[0256] d. If the indication includes at least one of time domain resources and / or frequency domain resources, the SN 306 may perform measurement on the corresponding time domain and / or frequency domain resources.

[0257] e. If the indication does not include at least one of time domain resources and / or frequency domain resources, the SN 306 may perform measurements after a certain (e.g., predefined / predetermined) duration:

[0258] i. The specific duration may be predefined in the specification, for example, time slot, frame, subframe, 1ms, 5ms, etc.

[0259] ii. The specific duration may be the same as the measured signal length, for example, when the measured signal is SSB, the duration may be the length / duration of the SSB signal.

[0260] 3) Triggered by a signal from UE 104 (e.g., a defined indication is received from UE 104):

[0261] a. The number of PUSCH or PUCCH retransmissions can be greater than K to trigger measurement.

[0262] b. The signal may be an SRS signal dedicated to / used for triggering measurement.

[0263] c. The signal may be a PRACH signal dedicated to triggering measurement.

[0264] i. For example, a dedicated preamble may be used to trigger the measurement.

[0265] ii. In another example, a dedicated PRACH resource including at least one of a time domain resource and / or a frequency domain resource may be used to trigger the measurement.

[0266] d. This signal may be a PUCCH signal dedicated to triggering measurement.

[0267] i. For example, the signal may include or correspond to uplink control information (UCI) carrying HARQ-ACK information.

[0268] ii. In another example, the signal may include UCI carrying scheduling request (SR) information.

[0269] iii. In another example, the signal may include UCI carrying CSI reporting information.

[0270] e. The signal may be a PUSCH signal dedicated to triggering measurement.

[0271] i. For example, the signal may include UCI multiplexed in PUSCH.

[0272] ii. In another example, the signal may be or include a MAC CE.

[0273] f. The start time of the measurement can be determined by the time slot and offset value when the SN 306 receives the signal from the UE 104.

[0274] i. For example, the offset value may be configured by BS 102 carried in the DCI.

[0275] ii. In another example, the offset value may be based on the capabilities of the SN 306.

[0276] iii. In another example, the offset value may be predefined in the specification.

[0277] 4) SN 306 may detect that at least one of the following conditions (but not limited to) has been met to start measurement:

[0278] a. The RSRP / RSRQ / SINR of the SSB signal may be less than the threshold.

[0279] b. The CSI-RS signal RSRP / RSRQ / SINR may be less than the threshold.

[0280] c. The RSRP / RSRQ / SINR of the PRACH signal may be less than the threshold.

[0281] d. The SRS signal RSRP / RSRQ / SINR may be less than the threshold.

[0282] e. The RSRP / RSRQ / SINR of the dedicated sequence of the SN may be less than the threshold.

[0283] f. The RSSI measurement result may be less than the threshold.

[0284] 5) SN 306 may autonomously / automatically perform measurements in response to detecting an anomaly (e.g., if any anomaly in / on / of SN 306 occurs):

[0285] a. The abnormality may include at least one of the following: beam failure, radio failure, overheating, etc.

[0286] b. The exception may include, for example, at least one of the SN CU and / or the SN FU identified by the SN CU.

[0287] Example implementation 6: Define a threshold value to compare with the calculated interference value or measurement result.

[0288] In various implementations, one or more thresholds may be defined or configured for comparison with the calculated interference value or measurement result. As described in conjunction with example implementation 1, SN 306 may compare the calculated interference value or measurement result with at least one threshold. For example, if the interference value exceeds / is greater than or equal to the threshold, SN 306 may determine that an interference problem has been encountered. In another example, if the interference value is calculated based on each beam pair, as described in conjunction with example configuration 6 of example implementation 1, if the interference value is greater than (or equal to) the threshold, SN 306 may determine that the corresponding beam pair is invalid or erroneous. For example, if the interference value or measurement result exceeds / is greater than or equal to the threshold, SN 306 may determine to send an interference status report (or measurement report) to BS 102. In another example, if the interference value or measurement result exceeds / is greater than or equal to the threshold, the SN CU may autonomously / automatically adjust the beam, power, and / or switch of the SN FU.

[0289] In some implementations, one or more groups of thresholds may be defined according to corresponding interference measurement types or groups. In each group, one or more thresholds may be defined to determine different interference values. For example, a first set (e.g., set 1) may be configuration 1 of example implementation 1, a second set (e.g., set 2) may be configuration 2 of example implementation 1, and so on. In each group, different thresholds (e.g., different thresholds) may be used to determine different interference levels, as shown in the examples herein.

[0290] In some implementations, the one or more thresholds may include a corresponding threshold for DL ​​forwarding (e.g., a first threshold) and / or a corresponding threshold for UL forwarding (e.g., a second threshold). For example, the thresholds for UL forwarding and DL forwarding may be the same or have different thresholds.

[0291] For example, a single threshold can be provided:

[0292] Interference level 0 E﹤Threshold 1 1 Threshold 1﹤E

[0293] Table 1

[0294] Example Table 1 may be defined separately or uniformly for DL ​​forwarding and / or UL forwarding. In this example, interference level 0 may represent or indicate that there is no interference problem and / or the corresponding beam pair is valid. Interference level 1 may represent or indicate that there is an interference problem and / or the corresponding beam pair is invalid.

[0295] In another example, multiple single thresholds can be provided for each collection:

[0296] Interference level Set 1 (e.g., Configuration 1) Set 2 (e.g. Configuration 2) 0 E﹤Threshold 1 E﹤Threshold 2 1 Threshold 1﹤E Threshold 2﹤E

[0297] Table 2

[0298] In example Table 2, the table may be defined separately or uniformly for DL ​​forwarding and / or UL forwarding. In this example, interference level 0 may indicate that there is no interference problem and / or the corresponding beam pair is valid. Interference level 1 may indicate or indicate that there is an interference problem and / or the corresponding beam pair is invalid.

[0299] In yet another example, multiple thresholds (e.g., three thresholds or a range of thresholds) may be provided for each set (e.g., with two or more bits per interference level):

[0300] Setting 1 (Scheme 1) Set 1 (Scheme 1) Set 2 (Scheme 2) 00 E﹤Threshold 1 E﹤Threshold 4 01 Threshold 1﹤E﹤Threshold 2 Threshold 4﹤E﹤Threshold 5 10 Threshold 2﹤E﹤Threshold 3 Threshold 5﹤E﹤Threshold 6 11 E>Threshold 3 E>Threshold 6

[0301] Table 3

[0302] In the example Table 3, the table may be defined separately or collectively for DL ​​forwarding and / or UL forwarding. In this example, for example, the severity of the interference problem may be 00<01<10<11.

[0303] In various implementations, the one or more thresholds may be at least one of the following:

[0304] Predefined in the specification;

[0305] instructed or configured by BS 102; and / or

[0306] Dependent on, depending on, or defined according to the capabilities of SN 306.

[0307] Example implementation 7: SN CU transmits report to BS.

[0308] In various arrangements, the SN 306 (e.g., SN CU) may transmit / provide / send a report (e.g., indication) indicating an interference state to the BS 102, which may include at least one of a measurement result, an interference value, an interference level, UL / DL information, action information, and / or beam information. The report may include at least one of the following report types: a periodic report and / or an event-triggered report. The configuration of the report may be transmitted by the BS 102 to the SN 306 in an RRC signal or system information. In some implementations, the configuration of the measurement and / or report may be transmitted to the SN 306 in the same signal, for example, in different information elements (IEs) of the same RRC message. The configuration may include at least one of the following parameters:

[0309] Thresholds, which define the entry and / or exit conditions of an event.

[0310] The reporting interval can be used to indicate the time interval between adjacent reports. This parameter can be used for periodic and / or event-triggered reporting.

[0311] A triggering event may define or represent an entry / trigger / start condition and / or an exit / exit condition to determine whether a report is sent.

[0312] Before the leaving condition is met and after the entering condition is met, the SN CU may transmit a measurement report in each reporting interval.

[0313] For example, the entry condition may be an interference value or a measurement result+H>threshold, where H may be a hysteresis value configured in the RRC.

[0314] When the leaving condition is met, the SN CU may transmit a measurement report if the value of the parameter "reportOnLeave" is true (eg, 1).

[0315] Hysteresis may be used within the entry and / or exit conditions of an event trigger reporting condition.

[0316] The departure report may indicate whether the UE 104 is to start a measurement reporting procedure when the departure condition is met.

[0317] The trigger time may specify a range of values ​​for a trigger time parameter that may include or indicate a time when certain criteria for an event are met to trigger a measurement report.

[0318] The report type may represent one or more types of reports, such as periodic reports, event-triggered reports, and the like.

[0319] The measurement method type may indicate a measurement method (eg, an example configuration), which may be referred to or referred to as a reporting quantity, such as RSRP, RSRQ, RSSI, SINR, etc.

[0320] The reference signal type may indicate a reference signal type used for measurement, for example, SS / PBCH block (SSB), CSI-RS, SRS, PRACH, etc.

[0321] The reporting quantity may correspond to the measurement report quantity applicable to event-triggered and / or periodic reporting types.

[0322] The maximum number of measurement resources in the measurement report.

[0323] The content / information / details of the report may include at least one of the following:

[0324] 1) Measurement results:

[0325] a. For example, in example configuration 1 of example implementation 1, P1 and / or P2 may represent measurement results, which may be considered as or include raw data measured by SN 306 (e.g., SN CU). Interference values ​​may be calculated or determined based on these measurement results (e.g., P1 and / or P2). One or more measurement results may be referred to as one or more values ​​measured by SN 306.

[0326] b. In some implementations, the measurement result may represent a physical layer measurement result, such as an L1 result.

[0327] 2) Interference value (e.g., interference value):

[0328] a. For example, in example configuration 1 of example implementation 1, (P2-P1) / P1 or α*(P2-P1) / P1 may be considered as an interference value, which may be calculated based on one or more measurement results (eg, P1 and / or P2).

[0329] b. In some implementations, the interference value may represent a higher layer measurement result, such as an L3 result.

[0330] 3) After or based on the comparison between the measurement result or the interference value and at least one threshold value, the interference level of the comparison:

[0331] a. For example, the result may include 1 bit to indicate the interference level. In this case, if the interference value is greater than (or equal to) the threshold, bit "0" may be used to indicate that SN 306 has an interference problem. Otherwise, bit "1" may be used to indicate that there is no interference problem.

[0332] b. In another example, the result may include 1 bit to indicate the interference level. In this case, if the interference value is greater than (or equal to) the threshold, bit "1" may be used to indicate that SN 306 has an interference problem. Otherwise, bit "0" may be used to indicate that there is no interference problem.

[0333] c. In yet another example, the result may include N bits, where each bit may be used to indicate the interference level of at least one beam pair. In this case, if the interference value of each beam pair is greater than (or equal to) a threshold, bit "0" may be used to indicate that the corresponding beam pair has an interference problem, thereby indicating that the beam pair is invalid. Otherwise, bit "1" may be used to indicate that the corresponding beam pair has no interference problem, thereby indicating that the beam pair is valid.

[0334] d. In another example, the result may include N bits, where each bit may indicate the interference level of at least one beam pair. In this case, if the interference value of each beam pair is greater than (or equal to) a threshold, bit "1" may be used to indicate that the corresponding beam pair has an interference problem, thereby indicating that the beam pair is invalid. Otherwise, bit "0" may be used to indicate that the corresponding beam pair has no interference problem, thereby indicating that the beam pair is valid.

[0335] 4)UL / DL information:

[0336] a. For example, interference measurement may be performed only in DL forwarding. Due to reciprocity, the interference level or value may be applied to both UL forwarding and DL forwarding.

[0337] b. In another example, interference measurement may be performed only in UL forwarding. Due to reciprocity, the interference level or value may be applied to both UL forwarding and DL forwarding.

[0338] c. In yet another example, interference measurement may be performed separately in UL forwarding and DL forwarding. In this case, interference levels or values ​​may be stored for UL forwarding and DL forwarding.

[0339] 5) Action information:

[0340] a. For example, SN 306 may perform a beam adjustment operation after / after a measurement (e.g., interference measurement). In this case, SN 306 may report relevant action information (e.g., an indication of the beam adjustment operation performed by SN 306 in response to the measurement) to BS 102.

[0341] b. In another example, SN 306 may perform a switch adjustment operation after the measurement. In this case, SN 306 may report relevant action information (eg, an indication of the switch adjustment operation) to BS 102.

[0342] c. In yet another example, the SN 306 may perform a power / gain adjustment operation after the measurement. In this case, the SN 306 may report the relevant action information (eg, power / gain adjustment operation) to the BS 102.

[0343] 6) Beam information:

[0344] a. For example, based on at least one of the measurement results, interference values ​​and / or interference levels, if the beam pair (x, y) has an interference problem, the SN CU may report the information of the beam pair (x, y) to BS102 so that BS102 may not allocate or avoid allocating SN 306 to use the beam pair (causing interference).

[0345] 7) Power information:

[0346] a. For example, based on at least one of the measurement results, interference value and / or interference level, if the configured power value has an interference problem, the SN CU can report the information of the power value to BS102 so that BS102 can reduce the power of SN 306 (e.g., SN FU) to avoid interference.

[0347] b. In another example, based on at least one of the measurement results, interference values ​​and / or interference levels, the SN CU may report one or more configured power values ​​associated with at least one of the measurement results, interference values ​​and / or interference levels to the BS 102.

[0348] The report may be transmitted by SN 306 to BS 102 via at least one of the following:

[0349] In uplink control information (UCI) via PUCCH;

[0350] In UCI via PUSCH;

[0351] In a Medium Access Control Element (MAC CE) via PUSCH; and / or

[0352] In RRC messages via PUSCH, for example, in Uplink Dedicated Control Channel (UL-DCCH) messages via the DCCH logical channel in PUSCH.

[0353] Example implementation 8: SN CU reacts according to the interference status.

[0354] In some implementations, the SN 306 (e.g., SN CU) may receive / obtain / acquire an indication from the BS 102 to react / respond / perform an action based on the interference status. The indication from the BS 102 may be a response to the BS 102 receiving a report. For example, the BS 102 may react based on the interference status report, and the SN CU may receive at least one of the following indications:

[0355] 1) The SN CU may receive a beam indication to configure a beam index of / for a forwarding link according to an interference value report, for example, BS 102 may avoid / prevent configuration of a beam index pair having interference issues.

[0356] a. In this case, the beam indication may include the associated time domain resources.

[0357] b. After receiving the indication, SN 306 may adjust the beam pair according to the indication.

[0358] c. After receiving the indication, the SN CU may turn off, disable or configure the "off" state of the SNFwd (e.g., SN FU) within the indicated time domain resources.

[0359] 2) The SN CU may receive a power control indication to adjust the amplification gain (and / or transmission power, power offset, etc.) of the SN FU to mitigate / minimize / reduce the overall interference value.

[0360] a. The power indication may include the associated time domain resources.

[0361] b. After receiving the indication, SN 306 may adjust the overall amplification gain (and / or transmission power, power offset, etc.) to mitigate the interference value according to the indication from BS 102. SN 306 may perform the adjustment on at least one of the following:

[0362] i. within the indicated time domain resources; and / or

[0363] ii. Until the SN CU receives the next / subsequent / another indication.

[0364] 3) The SN CU may receive power control instructions to adjust the beam-specific amplification gain (and / or transmission power, power offset, etc.) of the SN FU to mitigate the interference value of the dedicated beam pair.

[0365] a. For example, after receiving the indication, SN 306 may adjust the beam-specific amplification gain (and / or transmission power, power offset, etc.) of the SN FU to mitigate interference values ​​if one or more specific beam pairs have interference issues.

[0366] 4) The SN CU may receive a switch instruction from the BS 102 to avoid performing forwarding with interference issues.

[0367] a. The switch indication (eg, activation / enabling or deactivation / disabling of at least one of the forwarding links from the SN FU) may include associated time domain resources (eg, time of activation and / or disabling, duration of activation and / or disabling, etc.).

[0368] b. After receiving the indication, SN 306 may open or close at least one forwarding link, and at least one of the following:

[0369] i. For a specific beam pair;

[0370] ii. For specific frequency resources, such as frequency band, carrier, BWP;

[0371] iii. No specific beam pair;

[0372] iv. No specific frequency resources;

[0373] v. Until the SN CU receives the next instruction; and / or

[0374] vi. Within the indicated time domain resources.

[0375] Example Implementation 9: SN autonomously performs actions

[0376] In various implementations, the SN 306 may automatically / autonomously perform one or more actions according to or based on the interference measurement results, and these actions may include at least one of the following:

[0377] If the configured beam pair has interference problems, the SN CU can autonomously adjust the beam pair configured by BS 102.

[0378] For example, if beam pair (x, y) has interference issues, beam x or y can automatically adjust to the other beam, ensuring there are no interference issues.

[0379] The SN CU can autonomously adjust the overall amplification gain (and / or transmission power, power offset, etc.) of the SN FU to mitigate the interference value.

[0380] For example, if the SN FU (e.g., NCR Fwd) has an interference problem (e.g., detects or determines that an interference problem is present), the amplification gain (and / or transmission power, power offset) may be automatically reduced by a value (e.g., reduced by a value in response to detecting the interference problem). This value may be predefined in the specification or configured by BS 102.

[0381] The SN CU can autonomously adjust the beam-specific amplification gain (and / or transmission power, power offset, etc.) of the SN FU to mitigate interference values ​​when one or more specific beam pairs have interference issues.

[0382] For example, if the beam pair (x, y) has interference problems, the amplification gain of the beam pair (x, y) used for forwarding can be automatically reduced by a value (eg, the amplification gain can be reduced by the value). The value can be predefined in the specification or configured by BS 102.

[0383] For example, if all beam pairs of Tx beam 1 (e.g., the first transmission beam) have interference problems, for example, for any x, beam pair (1, x) has interference problems, then the amplification gain of beam 1 for Tx forwarding can be automatically reduced by a value. This value can be predefined in the specification or configured by BS 102.

[0384] In response to detecting an interference problem, the SN CU may autonomously turn on or off (e.g., enable / activate or disable / deactivate) at least one forwarding link to mitigate interference to another SN (e.g., network node) or device.

[0385] For example, if the beam pair (x, y) has an interference problem, the SN CU may deactivate / turn off one forwarding link of the SN FU, for example, temporarily terminate / stop / suspend forwarding. The duration of deactivating the forwarding link may be before the SN 306 receives another beam indication without interference problem and / or receives a power indication to reduce the amplification gain based on a timer, etc.

[0386] Reference now Fig.14 , a flowchart of a method 1400 for interference measurement of a network node (eg, SN) is shown. The method 1400 may be used in conjunction with the present invention. Figures 1 to 13 In general, method 1400 may include determining an interference state (1402). Method 1400 may include sending an indication (1404). Method 1400 may include receiving an indication (1406).

[0387] At operation (1402), and in some arrangements, a network node (e.g., SN) may determine / identify an interference state experienced at the network node. At operation (1404), the network node may send / transmit / provide / signal / transmit an indication of the interference state (e.g., a report of measured (self) interference) to a wireless communication node (e.g., BS, gNB, eNB, or TRP). At operation (1406), the wireless communication node may receive / obtain / acquire an indication of the interference state from the network node.

[0388] In some implementations, interference may be experienced by at least one of: a control link between a wireless communication node and a network node; a backhaul link between a wireless communication node and a network node; and / or an access link between a wireless communication device (e.g., a UE) and a network node.

[0389] In some configurations, determining the interference state may include at least one of: when a first link to the input of the network node (e.g., an F2 link or an F3 link depending on DL or UL forwarding) is activated / opened / enabled and a second link from the output of the network node is deactivated / closed / disabled (e.g., an F4 link or an F1 link), the network node measures / determines a first energy value (P1) at the input of the network node (e.g., point A (or point B) of the network node); when the first link to the input is activated and the second link is activated, the network node measures a second energy value (P2) at the input of the network node; or the network node determines the interference value according to at least one of: P1, P2, or α. α may be a positive number (e.g., greater than 0) configured by the wireless communication node.

[0390] In some configurations, determining the interference state may include at least one of: when a first link to the input of the network node is activated (e.g., an F2 link or an F3 link) and a second link from the output of the network node is activated (e.g., an F4 link or an F1 link), measuring by the network node a corresponding energy value at the input of the network node (e.g., point A or point B) for each of a plurality of power values; and / or the network node determines the interference value according to at least one of: one or more of the corresponding energy values, one or more of the plurality of power values, or α, where α is a positive number configured by the wireless communication node. In some implementations, at least one of: each of the plurality of power values ​​may refer to or represent at least one of: amplification gain, transmission power of a power offset of the network node.

[0391] In some configurations, determining the interference state may include at least one of: when a first link to an input of the network node is activated (e.g., an F2 link or an F3 link) and a second link from an output of the network node is activated (e.g., an F4 link or an F1 link), the network node measures a corresponding energy value at an input of the network node (e.g., point A or point B) in each of respective time windows; and / or the network node determines the interference value based on at least one of: one or more of the corresponding energy values ​​or α. The value of α may be a positive number configured by the wireless communication node.

[0392] In some implementations, the time window may include at least one of the following: a first time window that can be defined from a first time point (T0) to a second time point, wherein the second time point can be the first time point plus T1; a second time window that can be defined from the second time point to a third time point, wherein the third time point can be the first time point plus T2; or a third time window that can be defined from the third time point to a fourth time point, wherein the fourth time point can be the third time point plus T1.

[0393] In some implementations, the values ​​of T0, T1, and T2 may be determined based on at least one of: capabilities of a network node; duration of a measurement; time domain resources of a reference signal; a predefined value; a parameter configured by a wireless communication node; a start time of a measurement; a predefined time point; and / or a time point triggered by a wireless communication device.

[0394] In some configurations, determining the interference state may include at least one of the following: when a first link to an input of the network node is activated (e.g., an F2 link or an F3 link) and a second link from an output of the network node is activated (e.g., an F4 link or an F1 link), the network node measures a first energy value (P1) at an input of the network node (e.g., point A or point B) in a first frequency band (e.g., frequency band 1) of the input signal; when the first link to the input is activated and the second link is activated, the network node measures a second energy value (P2) at the input of the network node in a second frequency band (e.g., frequency band 2) of an output signal corresponding to the input signal; and / or the network node determines the interference value based on at least one of the following: P1, P2, or α, where α is a positive number configured by the wireless communication node.

[0395] In some configurations, determining the interference state may include at least one of the following: when a first link to the input end is activated (e.g., an F2 link or an F3 link) and a second link from an output end of the network node is activated (e.g., an F4 link or an F1 link), the network node measures a first energy value (P1) at an input end of the network node (e.g., point A or point B) under a first polarization (e.g., polarization 1) of the input signal; when the first link to the input end is activated and the second link is activated, the network node measures a second energy value (P2) at the input end of the network node under a second polarization (e.g., polarization 2) of the output signal corresponding to the input signal; and / or the network node determines the interference value based on at least one of the following: P1, P2, or α, where α is a positive number configured by the wireless communication node.

[0396] In some implementations, P1 and / or P2 may be measured (e.g., by a network node) for a particular input beam at the input and a particular output beam at the output. In various implementations, at least one of the following: for a respective input beam at the input and / or a respective output beam at the output, each respective energy value may be measured, each respective input beam may be the same or different from another respective input beam, and / or each respective output beam may be the same or different from another respective output beam.

[0397] In some arrangements, the first link and / or the second link may include at least one of: a first forwarding link from the wireless communication node to the network node (e.g., an F2 link); a second forwarding link from the network node to the wireless communication device (e.g., an F4 link); a third forwarding link from the network node to the wireless communication node (e.g., an F1 link); a fourth forwarding link from the wireless communication device to the network node (e.g., an F3 link); a first control link from the wireless communication node to the network node; and / or a second control link from the network node to the wireless communication node.

[0398] In some arrangements, the network node may receive / obtain / acquire at least one parameter for interference measurement from the wireless communication node. In this case, the network node may determine the interference state based on at least one parameter for interference measurement. For example, the at least one parameter may include an indication of at least one of the following: time domain resources; frequency domain resources; at least one of transmission power, amplification gain, or power offset; beam information; activation or deactivation information of at least one of the first link or the second link (e.g., switch indication); polarization information; measurement direction (e.g., UL / DL indication), which may include uplink, downlink, or uplink and downlink; an indication of selecting a method for determining the interference state (e.g., at least one of the example configurations of example implementation 1); reference signal type (e.g., SS / PBCH block (SSB), CSI-RS, SRS, PRACH, etc.); measurement method type (e.g., RSSI, RSRP, RSRQ, SINR); cell information (e.g., serving cell index); and / or a threshold value of the interference level.

[0399] In some implementations, the selection of a method for determining an interference state (e.g., one of example configurations 1-6) may be based at least on at least one parameter, either explicitly or implicitly. For example, the selection of a method may be explicitly determined by at least one parameter, or may be implicitly determined according to or by the configuration of the respective example configuration / method. For example, if frequency-related parameters for different frequency bands are configured, the network node may determine an implicit selection of example configuration 4 of example implementation 1.

[0400] In some arrangements, determining the interference state may include at least one of: measuring, by the network node, energy values ​​of all signals (and / or noise) (e.g., RSSI) at the input of the network node; measuring, by the network node, energy values ​​of specific signals (e.g., RSRP / RSRQ) at the input of the network node; and / or measuring, by the network node, noise strength at the input of the network node (e.g., for calculating SINR).

[0401] In some arrangements, determining the interference state may include: the network node measuring an energy value of an input signal at an input of the network node. The input signal may include at least one of: a synchronization signal block (SSB), a channel state information RS (CSI-RS), a downlink signal dedicated to the network node, a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) signal, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) signal, a sequence dedicated to the network node, an on-off keying sequence, a Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence, a pseudo-noise (PN) sequence, a sounding reference signal (SRS), a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) signal, a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) signal, an uplink signal dedicated to the network node, or a physical random access channel (PRACH) sequence.

[0402] In some arrangements, determining the interference state may include: in response to a triggering event, measuring, by the network node, an energy value of an input signal at an input of the network node. The triggering event may include at least one of: an event associated with establishment of a radio resource control (RRC) connection, receiving a defined indication from a wireless communication node, receiving a defined indication from a wireless communication device, the network node detecting that a condition has been met (e.g., triggered by a UE signal, e.g., the number of retransmissions of PUSCH and / or PUCCH is greater than (or equal to) K and / or the RSRP / RSRQ of an SSB / CSI-RS signal is less than a threshold), and / or the network node detecting an anomaly.

[0403] In some arrangements, the network node may compare the interference value to at least one threshold. The at least one threshold may be at least one of: including a respective threshold for each type or group of interference measurements; including a first threshold for downlink forwarding and a second threshold for uplink forwarding; defining multiple ranges of interference levels; being predefined in a specification; being indicated or configured by the wireless communication node; and / or being defined according to the capabilities of the network node.

[0404] In some arrangements, an indication (e.g., a report) of an interference state sent / provided / indicated / signaled to a wireless communication node may include at least one of: a value measured by the network node (e.g., raw data); multiple values ​​measured by the network node; an interference value calculated using at least one value measured by the network node (e.g., a function of the raw data); an interference level determined based on a comparison between a value measured by the network node and a threshold; an interference level determined based on a comparison between the interference value and a threshold; an indication that the interference state is determined for or applied to downlink forwarding, uplink forwarding, or downlink forwarding and uplink forwarding; beam information based on the interference state; power information based on the interference state; and / or information about an action to be performed by the network node after or in response to the interference state and / or measurement by the network node. In some implementations, the network node may send the indication to the wireless communication node in: uplink control information (UCI) transmitted via a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), medium access control element (MAC CE) signaling transmitted via a PUSCH, and / or radio resource control (RRC) signaling transmitted via a PUSCH, among other signaling.

[0405] In some arrangements, in response to an indication of an interference state, the network node may receive a message / response from the wireless communication node. The message may include at least one of the following: a beam indication configuring a beam index for a forwarding link; a power control indication for adjusting at least one of the following for a specific beam or all beams: an amplification gain, a transmission power of a power offset of a network node; an indication to activate or deactivate a forwarding link; and / or time domain resources associated with a beam, power control, or activation / deactivation indication. Based on the message, the network node may perform at least one of the following based on the message: an adjustment of a beam pair configured by the wireless communication node; an adjustment of an amplification gain for a specific beam or all beams, a transmission power of a power offset of a network node; and / or activation or deactivation of at least one link of the forwarding link.

[0406] In some arrangements, the network node can perform (e.g., autonomously / automatically) at least one of the following based on the interference status: adjust the beam pairs configured by the wireless communication node; adjust the amplification gain of a specific beam or all beams, the transmission power of the power offset of the network node; and / or activate / enable or deactivate / disable at least one link of the forwarding link.

[0407] Although various embodiments of the present solution have been described above, it should be understood that they are provided only in an exemplary and non-limiting manner. Similarly, various figures can depict example architectures or configurations, and these example architectures or configurations are provided to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the exemplary features and functions of the present solution. However, these personnel will understand that the present solution is not limited to the example architectures or configurations shown, but can be implemented using a variety of alternative architectures and configurations. In addition, as will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art, one or more features of an embodiment can be combined with one or more features of another embodiment described herein. Therefore, the breadth and scope of the present disclosure should not be limited by any of the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments.

[0408] It should also be understood that any reference to an element herein using names such as "first," "second," etc. does not generally limit the number or order of those elements. Rather, these names may be used herein as a convenient means of distinguishing between two or more elements or instances of an element. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not indicate that only two elements may be used, or that the first element must be located before the second element in some manner.

[0409] In addition, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that information and signals may be represented using any of a variety of different techniques. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, and symbols that may be referenced in the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0410] Those of ordinary skill in the art will further understand that any of the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, processors, devices, circuits, methods, and functions described in conjunction with the aspects disclosed herein may be implemented by electronic hardware (e.g., digital implementation, analog implementation, or a combination of both), firmware, various forms of programs or design codes containing instructions (for convenience, referred to herein as "software" or "software modules"), or any combination of these technologies. In order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware, firmware, and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functions. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware, firmware, or software, or a combination of these technologies, depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system. A skilled person may implement the described functionality in various ways for each specific application, but such implementation decisions will not cause a departure from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0411] In addition, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, devices, components, and circuits described herein may be implemented or performed within an integrated circuit (IC) including a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic device, or any combination thereof. The logic blocks, modules, and circuits may further include antennas and / or transceivers to communicate with various components within a network or within a device. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP core, or any other suitable configuration to perform the functions described herein.

[0412] If implemented in software, the functions may be stored as one or more instructions or codes on a computer-readable medium. Therefore, the steps of the method or algorithm disclosed herein may be implemented as software stored on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media and communication media, and communication media include any media that enables a computer program or code to be transferred from one place to another. The storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access. By way of example and not limitation, such computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, and any other medium that can be used to store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer.

[0413] As used herein, the term "module" refers to software, firmware, hardware, and any combination of these elements to perform the relevant functions described herein. In addition, for the purpose of discussion, various modules are described as discrete modules; however, it is obvious to a person skilled in the art that two or more modules can be combined to form a single module that performs the relevant functions of the implementation of the present solution.

[0414] In addition, memory or other storage and communication components can be used in the implementation of the present solution. It should be understood that, for the sake of clarity, the above description has described the implementation of the present solution with reference to different functional units and processors. However, it will be apparent that any appropriate functional distribution between different functional units, processing logic elements or domains can be used without departing from the present solution. For example, the functions illustrated as being performed by a separate processing logic element or controller can be performed by the same processing logic element or controller. Therefore, references to specific functional units are only references to suitable devices for providing the described functions, rather than indicating a strict logical or physical structure or organization.

[0415] Various modifications to the embodiments described in this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the novel features and principles disclosed herein, as described in the following claims.

Claims

1. A method comprising: A network node determines an interference state experienced at said network node; as well as The network node sends an indication of the interference status to a wireless communication node.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The interference is experienced by at least one of: a control link between the wireless communication node and the network node; A backhaul link between the wireless communication node and the network node; or An access link between the wireless communication device and the network node.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein: Determining the interference state includes at least one of the following: The network node measures a first energy value P1 at an input of the network node when a first link to an input of the network node is activated and a second link from an output of the network node is deactivated; the network node measuring a second energy value P2 at the input of the network node when the first link to the input is activated and the second link is activated; or The network node determines the interference value according to at least one of the following: P1, P2 or α, wherein α is a positive number configured by the wireless communication node.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein: Determining the interference state includes at least one of the following: the network node measuring a corresponding energy value at the input of the network node for each of a plurality of power values ​​when a first link to the input of the network node is activated and a second link from the output of the network node is activated; The network node determines the interference value according to at least one of: one or more of the corresponding energy values, one or more of the plurality of power values, or α, wherein α is a positive number configured by the wireless communication node.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein: Each power value of the plurality of power values ​​refers to at least one of the following of the network node: an amplification gain, a transmission power or a power offset.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein: Determining the interference state includes at least one of the following: The network node measures a corresponding energy value at the input of the network node in each of a plurality of time windows when a first link to the input of the network node is activated and a second link from the output of the network node is activated; The network node determines the interference value according to at least one of: one or more energy values ​​of the corresponding energy values ​​or α, wherein α is a positive number configured by the wireless communication node.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein: The multiple time windows include at least one of the following: The first time window is from the first time point T0 to the second time point, wherein the second time point is the first time point plus T1; The second time window is from the second time point to a third time point, wherein the third time point is the first time point plus T2; or The third time window is a fourth time point from the third time point, wherein the fourth time point is the third time point plus T1.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein: The values ​​of T0, T1 and T2 are determined according to at least one of the following: capabilities of the network nodes; the duration of the measurement; Time domain resources of reference signals; Predefined values; Parameters of the wireless communication node configuration; the starting time of the measurement; a predefined point in time; or The time point when the wireless communication device is triggered.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein: Determining the interference state includes at least one of the following: The network node measures a first energy value P1 at the input of the network node in a first frequency band of an input signal when a first link to the input of the network node is activated and a second link from the output of the network node is activated; the network node measuring a second energy value P2 at the input of the network node in a second frequency band of the output signal corresponding to the input signal when the first link to the input is activated and the second link is activated; or The network node determines the interference value according to at least one of the following: P1, P2 or α, wherein: α is a positive number configured by the wireless communication node.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein: Determining the interference state includes at least one of the following: The network node measures a first energy value P1 at an input of the network node at a first polarization of an input signal when a first link to an input of the network node is activated and a second link from an output of the network node is activated; the network node measuring a second energy value P2 at the input of the network node at a second polarization of the output signal corresponding to the input signal when the first link to the input is activated and the second link is activated; or The network node determines the interference value according to at least one of the following: P1, P2 or α, wherein α is a positive number configured by the wireless communication node.

11. The method according to any one of claims 3, 9 or 10, wherein: For a specific input beam at the input and a specific output beam at the output, P1 and P2 are measured.

12. The method according to any one of claims 4 or 6, wherein: At least one of the following: measuring each respective energy value at a corresponding input beam at said input and a corresponding output beam at said output, Each corresponding input beam is the same as or different from another corresponding input beam, or Each corresponding output beam may be the same as or different from another corresponding output beam.

13. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 12, wherein: The first link or the second link includes at least one of the following: a first forwarding link from the wireless communication node to the network node; a second forwarding link from the network node to the wireless communication device; a third forwarding link from the network node to the wireless communication node; a fourth forwarding link from the wireless communication device to the network node; a first control link from the wireless communication node to the network node; or A second control link from the network node to the wireless communication node.

14. The method according to claim 1, comprising: The network node receives at least one parameter for interference measurement from the wireless communication node; The network node determines the interference status based on the at least one parameter for interference measurement.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein: The at least one parameter includes an indication of at least one of the following: Time domain resources, Frequency domain resources, at least one of transmission power, amplification gain or power offset, Beam information, activation or deactivation information of at least one of the first link or the second link, Polarization information, Measurement direction, including uplink, downlink, or uplink and downlink, an indication of selecting a method for determining said interference status, Reference signal type, Type of measurement method, Cell information, or The threshold for the interference level.

16. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 14, wherein: Based at least on the explicit or implicit indication of the at least one parameter, a method for determining the interference state is selected.

17. The method according to claim 1, wherein: Determining the interference state includes at least one of the following: The network node measures energy values ​​of all signals at the input end of the network node; The network node measures the energy value of a specific signal at the input end of the network node; or The network node measures noise intensity at the input of the network node.

18. The method according to claim 1, wherein: Determining the interference state includes: The network node measures an energy value of an input signal at an input end of the network node, wherein the input signal includes at least one of the following: Synchronization signal block SSB, Channel state information RS, a downlink signal dedicated to said network node, Physical Downlink Control Channel PDCCH signal, Physical downlink shared channel PDSCH signal, a sequence specific to said network node, On-off keying sequence, Zadoff-Chu sequence, Pseudo-noise PN sequence, Sounding reference signal SRS, Physical Uplink Control Channel PUCCH signal, Physical uplink shared channel PUSCH signal, an uplink signal dedicated to the network node, or Physical Random Access Channel PRACH sequence.

19. The method according to claim 1, wherein: Determining the interference state includes: In response to a triggering event, the network node measures an energy value of an input signal at an input end of the network node, the triggering event comprising at least one of the following: Events associated with the establishment of a Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection, receiving a defined indication from the wireless communication node, receiving a defined indication from a wireless communication device, The network node detects that a condition has been met, or The network node detects an anomaly.

20. The method according to claim 1, comprising: The network node compares the interference value with at least one threshold, wherein the at least one threshold is at least one of the following: including corresponding thresholds for each type or group of interference measurements, comprising a first threshold for downlink forwarding and a second threshold for uplink forwarding, Define multiple ranges of interference levels, is predefined, A wireless communication node indicates or configures, or It is defined according to the capabilities of the network nodes.

21. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The indication of the interference status sent to the wireless communication node includes at least one of the following: The value measured by the network node, a plurality of values ​​measured by the network node, an interference value calculated using at least one value measured by said network node, an interference level determined based on a comparison between a value measured by the network node and a threshold value, an interference level determined based on a comparison between the interference value and a threshold value, The interference state is determined for or applied to downlink forwarding, uplink forwarding, or an indication of downlink forwarding and uplink forwarding, According to the beam information of the interference state, According to the power information of the interference state, or Information regarding an action to be performed by the network node following or in response to the interference status or measurement by the network node.

22. The method according to claim 21, wherein: The indication is sent to the wireless communication node in: Uplink control information UCI transmitted through the physical uplink control channel PUCCH or the physical uplink shared channel PUSCH, via medium access control element (MAC CE) signalling transmitted in PUSCH, or The transmission in the PUSCH is controlled by radio resource control RRC signaling.

23. The method according to claim 1, comprising: In response to the indication of the interference state, the network node receives a message from the wireless communication node, the message comprising at least one of: configuring a beam indication of a beam index of the forwarding link, a power control indication for adjusting at least one of the following for a specific beam or all beams: an amplification gain, a power offset of the network node, a transmission power, an indication to activate or deactivate the forwarding link, or time domain resources associated with the beam, power control or activation / deactivation indication; and The network node performs at least one of the following according to the message: adjustment of the beam pairs configured by the wireless communication node, adjusting the amplification gain of a specific beam or all beams, the transmission power of the power offset of the network node, or Activate or deactivate at least one of the forwarding links.

24. The method according to claim 1, comprising: The network node performs at least one of the following according to the interference status: adjusting a beam pair configured by the wireless communication node, adjusting the transmission power of a specific beam or all beams, adjusting amplification gain, power offset of the network node, or Activate or deactivate at least one of the forwarding links.

25. A method comprising: receiving, by the wireless communication node, an indication of an interference status from a network node, The interference state is experienced at the network node.

26. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions which, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-25.

27. An apparatus comprising: At least one processor, the at least one processor being configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-25.

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