Simulation dummy for parachute drop test and adjusting seat

Abstract

The application discloses a simulation dummy for parachute air-drop test and an adjusting seat, and the dummy comprises a head assembly, a neck assembly, a shoulder assembly, a chest assembly, an arm assembly, a waist assembly and a leg assembly; the neck assembly comprises a cervical vertebra main body, the cervical vertebra main body comprises neck support pieces, neck elastic pieces and neck ligaments, the neck support pieces are arranged at intervals in the up-down direction, the neck elastic pieces are arranged between every two adjacent neck support pieces, the neck ligaments are made of collagen fibers, the neck ligaments are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction at the middle and rear part of the cervical vertebra main body, each neck ligament is sequentially connected with the neck support pieces from top to bottom, and each neck ligament is located outside the neck elastic piece; the front part, the rear part, the left side part and the right side part of each neck support piece are outwardly convex to form convex parts, and the neck ligaments are connected at the convex part positions of each neck support piece. The dummy is closer to the real structure of a human body, and can truly reflect the neck condition of the human body in the parachute air-drop test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of parachute drop technology, specifically to a simulated dummy and adjustable seat for parachute drop tests. Background Technology

[0002] When evaluating the safety performance of parachutes, test dummies are required. Early parachute test dummies lacked simulated skin, making them susceptible to inaccurate measurements due to air turbulence affecting their surface. Furthermore, the purely steel structure of these dummies differed significantly from the human body. Currently, most dummies used in parachute drop tests lack head, neck, and limb structures, making it impossible to accurately measure the impact forces on the pilot's lower limbs and head upon landing. While some dummies possess head, neck, and limb structures, the neck structure of these dummies differs significantly from that of a real human neck, failing to accurately reflect neck injuries sustained during parachute drop tests. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a simulated dummy for parachute drop tests that more closely resembles the actual structure of the human body.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A simulated dummy for parachute drop tests includes a head assembly, a neck assembly, a shoulder assembly, a chest assembly, an arm assembly, a waist assembly, and a leg assembly. One end of the neck assembly is rotatably connected to the head assembly, and the other end is fixedly connected to the shoulder assembly. One end of the chest assembly is fixedly connected to the shoulder assembly, and the other end is fixedly connected to the waist assembly. One end of the arm assembly is rotatably connected to the shoulder assembly, and one end of the leg assembly is rotatably connected to the waist assembly.

[0006] The cervical assembly includes a cervical spine body, which includes cervical support members, cervical elastic members, and cervical ligaments. Multiple cervical support members are spaced apart in the vertical direction. The cervical elastic members are respectively disposed in the interval area between each two adjacent cervical support members. The cervical ligaments are made of collagen fibers. Multiple cervical ligaments are spaced apart in the circumferential direction in the middle and posterior part of the cervical spine body. Each cervical ligament is connected to each cervical support member from top to bottom. Each cervical ligament is located on the outside of the cervical elastic member.

[0007] Each of the neck supports has a front, rear, left, and right side portion that protrudes outward to form a convex portion, and the cervical ligament is connected at the location of the convex portion of each of the neck supports.

[0008] In some embodiments, the neck assembly further includes:

[0009] The neck connector is fixedly connected to the uppermost neck support and rotatably connected to the head assembly via a first pivot.

[0010] A neck fixation seat is fixedly connected to the neck support located at the lowest part and to the shoulder assembly;

[0011] The neck cable has one end connected to the neck connector and passes through the center of each neck support and each neck elastic member, and the other end connected to the neck fixation seat. At least one end of the connection structure at both ends of the neck cable is adjustable to adjust the tension of the cervical spine body.

[0012] A neck pad, which is elastic, is disposed on the neck connector and is respectively disposed on the front and rear sides of the first rotating shaft. Each neck pad on each side is provided with an inclined surface that is inclined from top to bottom and away from the first rotating shaft.

[0013] In some embodiments, the chest assembly includes:

[0014] The thoracic cavity has a cavitary structure to house data acquisition equipment;

[0015] Ribs are fixedly installed at the rear of the thoracic cavity, and multiple ribs are spaced apart in the vertical direction. Each rib forms a closed frame structure after being connected to the thoracic cavity.

[0016] Rib connecting plates are fixedly connected to the rear of each rib in sequence from top to bottom;

[0017] The thoracic vertebral body is set within each of the aforementioned closed frame structures and is fixedly connected to the thoracic cavity and the rib connecting plate, respectively. The upper part of the thoracic vertebral body is fixedly connected to the shoulder assembly, and the lower part of the thoracic vertebral body is fixedly connected to the lumbar assembly.

[0018] Chest skin, covering the outside of the thoracic cavity and the ribs.

[0019] In some embodiments, the lumbar assembly includes a lumbar vertebra fixedly connected to the chest assembly, a pelvis connected to the leg assembly, a lumbar vertebra sensor disposed between the lumbar vertebra and the pelvis, and buttock skin wrapped around the outside of the pelvis;

[0020] The lumbar vertebrae include:

[0021] The lumbar spine body includes, in order from top to bottom, an upper lumbar connecting plate, a lumbar elastic element, and a lower lumbar connecting plate;

[0022] A thoracic fixation plate is located above the lumbar upper connecting plate and is fixedly connected to the lumbar upper connecting plate; the thoracic fixation plate is fixedly connected to the thoracic assembly.

[0023] A lumbar fixation plate is located below the lower lumbar connecting plate and is fixedly connected to the lower lumbar connecting plate. The lumbar sensor is fixedly connected below the lumbar fixation plate.

[0024] The lumbar steel cable has one end connected to the thoracic vertebra fixation plate and passes through the center of the upper lumbar connecting plate, the lumbar elastic element and the lower lumbar connecting plate, and the other end connected to the lumbar fixation plate. At least one end of the connection structure at both ends of the lumbar steel cable is adjustable to adjust the tension of the lumbar vertebra.

[0025] The pelvis has a hollow cavity, and a speed sensor and an attitude sensor are installed in the central control cavity of the pelvis. Connecting parts for connecting to the leg assembly are provided on the left and right sides of the pelvis.

[0026] In some embodiments, the shoulder assembly includes a shoulder support and shoulder joints rotatably connected to the left and right ends of the shoulder support, the shoulder joints being rotatably connected to the arm assembly, and the axis connecting the shoulder joints to the shoulder support and the axis connecting the shoulder joints to the arm assembly being perpendicular to each other;

[0027] A first limiting structure is also provided between the shoulder joint and the shoulder support to limit the relative rotation angle between the two.

[0028] In some embodiments, the arm assembly includes an arm skeleton and arm skin covering the arm skeleton. The arm skeleton includes an upper arm skeleton with one end rotatably connected to the shoulder assembly, a forearm skeleton with one end rotatably connected to the other end of the upper arm skeleton, and a metacarpal bone rotatably connected to the other end of the forearm skeleton. A first damping structure is provided at the rotatable connection between the upper arm skeleton and the shoulder assembly, and a second limiting structure is provided at the rotatable connection between the upper arm skeleton and the forearm skeleton for limiting the relative rotation angle between the two.

[0029] In some embodiments, the leg assembly includes leg bones and leg skin covering the outside of the leg bones;

[0030] The leg skeleton includes the femur, knee joint, tibia, ankle joint, and foot; one end of the femur is rotatably connected to the lumbar assembly via a ball joint, and the other end of the femur is fixedly connected to the knee joint; one end of the tibia is rotatably connected to the knee joint, and the other end of the tibia is rotatably connected to the ankle joint via a ball joint; the foot is fixedly connected to the ankle joint; a second damping structure is provided at the rotatable connection between the femur and the lumbar assembly, and a third limiting structure is provided at the rotatable connection between the tibia and the knee joint to limit the relative rotation angle between them;

[0031] The leg assembly also includes force sensors disposed on the leg bones.

[0032] In some embodiments, the head assembly includes a skull with an accelerometer and a barometric pressure sensor disposed thereon, and the head assembly also includes scalp skin covering the skull.

[0033] In some embodiments, the dummy further includes a plurality of sensors disposed inside the dummy, and a data acquisition device is disposed within the chest assembly, with each sensor electrically connected to the data acquisition device.

[0034] The present invention also provides an adjustable seat for a simulated dummy for parachute drop tests as described in any of the above claims, comprising a seat body, the seat body including a seat plate for supporting the dummy's buttocks, the adjustable seat further including a support plate whose rear end is rotatably connected to the front end of the seat plate and a support mechanism supported on the bottom of the support plate for adjusting the angle between the support plate and the seat plate, one end of the support mechanism being rotatably connected to the seat body, and the other end being rotatably and slidably disposed on the support plate;

[0035] The seat plate is inclined from back to front and from top to bottom.

[0036] Due to the application of the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The simulated dummy for parachute drop tests of the present invention has a head, neck, and limb structure, which can test the impact force on the pilot's lower limbs and head and neck during landing. After installing a pressure sensor on the head assembly, it can also test the air pressure on the head during the parachute drop. The measurement of this air pressure value can provide a basis for the design of protective equipment such as helmets and masks worn by paratroopers. Moreover, the structural form of the neck support component and the setting of the neck ligaments make the structure of the dummy's cervical spine closer to the structure of a real human neck, so that the dummy can realistically reflect the neck injury situation of a human during a parachute drop test. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Appendix Figure 1This is one of the three-dimensional schematic diagrams of the simulated dummy used in the parachute drop test of this embodiment after removing some of its structure (the dummy is in a sitting position);

[0038] Appendix Figure 2 This is the second three-dimensional schematic diagram of the simulated dummy used in the parachute drop test in this embodiment after removing some of its structure (the dummy is in a sitting position);

[0039] Appendix Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the head assembly of the mannequin used in the parachute drop test in this embodiment (with the head skin removed);

[0040] Appendix Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the neck assembly of the simulated dummy used in the parachute drop test in this embodiment;

[0041] Appendix Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the neck assembly of the simulated dummy used in the parachute drop test in this embodiment;

[0042] Appendix Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the shoulder assembly of the simulated dummy used in the parachute drop test in this embodiment;

[0043] Appendix Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the chest assembly of the mannequin used in the parachute drop test in this embodiment (with chest skin removed);

[0044] Appendix Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the arm assembly of the mannequin used in the parachute drop test in this embodiment (with the skin of the arm removed);

[0045] Appendix Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the waist assembly of the mannequin used in the parachute drop test in this embodiment (with the skin on the buttocks removed);

[0046] Appendix Figure 10 This is an exploded view of the lumbar spine of the dummy used in the parachute drop test in this embodiment.

[0047] Appendix Figure 11 This is an exploded view of the pelvic region of the mannequin used in the parachute drop test in this embodiment.

[0048] Appendix Figure 12 This is an exploded view of the leg assembly of the simulated dummy used in the parachute drop test in this embodiment (with the leg skin removed);

[0049] Appendix Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the adjustable seat in this embodiment;

[0050] Appendix Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the dummy in this embodiment maintaining a parachute posture while adjusting the seat.

[0051] The components include: 1. Head assembly; 11. Facial skeleton; 12. Back of head skeleton; 13. Scalp skin; 14. Neck sensor; 15. Barometric pressure sensor.

[0052] 2. Neck assembly; 21. Neck support; 211. First protrusion; 212. Second protrusion; 213. Third protrusion; 22. Neck elastic element; 23. Neck ligament; 24. Neck connector; 25. Neck fixation seat; 26. Neck cable; 27. Neck pad; 271. Inclined surface; 28. First pivot;

[0053] 3. Shoulder assembly; 31. Shoulder support; 311. Front support; 312. Rear support; 313. Side support; 314. Connecting plate; 315. Fourth protrusion; 32. Shoulder joint; 321. Fifth protrusion; 33. Second pivot; 34. Third pivot;

[0054] 4. Chest assembly; 41. Thoracic cavity; 411. Base; 412. Cover; 42. Ribs; 43. Rib connecting plate; 44. Thoracic vertebral body; 45. Chest skin;

[0055] 5. Arm assembly; 51. Upper arm skeleton; 52. Forearm skeleton; 53. Metacarpal bones; 54. Arm skin;

[0056] 6. Lumbar assembly; 61. Lumbar vertebra; 611. Upper lumbar connecting plate; 612. Lumbar elastic element; 613. Lower lumbar connecting plate; 614. Thoracic fixation plate; 615. Lumbar fixation plate; 616. Lumbar cable; 62. Pelvis; 621. Hollow cavity; 622. Connecting part; 63. Lumbar sensor; 64. Buttock skin; 65. Sensor fixing plate;

[0057] 7. Leg assembly; 71. Femur; 72. Knee joint; 73. Shinbone; 74. Ankle joint; 75. Foot; 76. Leg skin;

[0058] 81. Seat body; 811. Seat plate; 82. Support plate; 83. Support mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] In the following description, the directions "front," "back," "left," "right," "up," and "down" refer to the human body. "Front" refers to the direction the face faces, "back" to the back of the head, "up" to the upper side, and "down" to the lower side. The left and right sides of the body are correspondingly "left" and "right." These definitions of direction are merely for ease of description and simplification of the invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0061] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the simulated dummy for parachute drop tests of the present invention includes a head assembly 1, a neck assembly 2, a shoulder assembly 3, a chest assembly 4, an arm assembly 5, a waist assembly 6, and a leg assembly 7.

[0062] like Figure 3 As shown, the head assembly 1 includes a skull and a scalp skin 13, with the scalp skin 13 covering the outside of the skull.

[0063] In this embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the skull includes a facial skeleton 11 and a posterior skull skeleton 12. The facial skeleton 11 has a hollow cavity that is open at the rear. The posterior skull skeleton 12 is fixedly connected to the rear of the hollow cavity of the facial skeleton 11 to seal the rear of the hollow cavity of the facial skeleton 11.

[0064] The head assembly 1 also includes a counterweight (not shown in the figure) disposed within a hollow cavity of the facial bones 11. The counterweight is used to adjust the weight and center of gravity of the head assembly 1 to meet the test requirements. The position, material, and volume of the counterweight can be adjusted according to the test requirements.

[0065] The head assembly 1 also includes a neck sensor 14, which is fixedly disposed within the hollow cavity of the facial bones 11 and is rotatably connected to the neck assembly 2. The neck sensor 14 is an accelerometer used to measure injuries to the upper neck during parachute descent.

[0066] The head assembly 1 also includes a pressure sensor 15, which is fixedly mounted on the facial bones 11 and is used to measure the air pressure on the head during parachute descent. The measurement of the air pressure value can provide a basis for the design of protective equipment such as helmets and masks worn by paratroopers.

[0067] The head assembly 1 may also include a head sensor (not shown in the figure), which may be mounted on the facial bones 11 or on the neck sensor 14. The head sensor is an accelerometer used to measure head injuries during parachute descent.

[0068] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the cervical assembly 2 includes a cervical spine body, a cervical connector 24, a cervical fixation seat 25, a cervical steel cable 26, and a cervical pad 27.

[0069] The main body of the cervical spine includes a cervical support 21, a cervical elastic element 22, and a cervical ligament 23.

[0070] Multiple neck support members 21 are spaced apart along the vertical direction, and neck elastic members 22 are respectively disposed in the interval area between each pair of adjacent neck support members 21. The neck support members 21 are made of metal, and each neck support member 21 has outward protrusions at the front, rear, left, and right sides. The protrusions are a first protrusion 211 located at the front, a second protrusion 212 located at the rear, and third protrusions 213 located at the left and right sides respectively. The radii of curvature of the first protrusion 211, the second protrusion 212, and the third protrusion 213 are different.

[0071] The neck elastic element 22 is made of rubber and serves as a buffer and absorbs energy.

[0072] The cervical ligaments 23 are made of collagen fibers and are used to simulate the stress and deformation of human ligaments. Multiple cervical ligaments 23 are arranged circumferentially at intervals in the middle and posterior part of the cervical spine. Each cervical ligament 23 is connected to each cervical support member 21 from top to bottom. Each cervical ligament 23 is located on the outside of the cervical elastic member 22.

[0073] Preferably, the cervical ligament 23 is connected at the protruding position of each cervical support 21. In this embodiment, three cervical ligaments 23 are provided, which are respectively connected at the second protrusion 212 and the third protrusions 213 on the left and right sides.

[0074] This design of the cervical spine structure makes the resulting cervical spine structure closer to the actual structure of the human neck.

[0075] The neck connector 24 is fixedly connected to the uppermost neck support 21 and is rotatably connected to the neck sensor 14 via the first rotating shaft 28.

[0076] The neck fixation seat 25 is fixedly connected to the neck support 21 located at the lowest part, and is also fixedly connected to the shoulder assembly 3.

[0077] One end of the neck cable 26 is connected to the neck connector 24. The neck cable 26 sequentially passes through the center of each neck support 21 and neck elastic member 22. The other end is connected to the neck fixation seat 25, and at least one end of the connection structure at both ends of the neck cable 26 is adjustable. In this embodiment, the lower end of the neck cable 26 is threaded, making its connection to the neck fixation seat 25 adjustable, thereby allowing adjustment of the tension of the cervical spine body according to different test conditions. In addition to providing an adjustable pitch force for the neck, the neck cable 26 also ensures the safety of the head-neck connection.

[0078] The neck pad 27 is elastic and can be made of rubber. The neck pad 27 is mounted on the neck connector 24 and is positioned on both the front and rear sides of the first rotating shaft 28. Each neck pad 27 has an inclined surface 271 that slopes downwards and away from the first rotating shaft 28. The neck pad 27 supports the front and rear ends of the neck sensor 14, ensuring a certain degree of head mobility while maintaining head stability.

[0079] like Figure 6 As shown, the shoulder assembly 3 includes a shoulder support 31 and shoulder joints 32. The shoulder joints 32 are rotatably connected to the left and right ends of the shoulder support 31 via a second pivot 33. The shoulder joints 32 are rotatably connected to the arm assembly 5 via a third pivot 34. The second pivot 33 extends in the left-right direction, and the third pivot 34 extends in the front-back direction. Preferably, the extension direction of the second pivot 33 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the third pivot 34. The neck fixation seat 25 and the chest assembly 4 are both fixedly connected to the shoulder support 31.

[0080] In this embodiment, the shoulder support 31 includes a front support 311, a rear support 312, and side supports 313 respectively disposed on the left and right sides. The adjacent ends of the front support 311, the rear support 312, and the side supports 313 on the left and right sides are fixedly connected or integrally formed, so that the shoulder support 31 forms a closed frame structure, thereby making the shoulder assembly 3 more structurally stable. The shoulder joint 32 is rotatably connected to the middle of the side supports 313.

[0081] A connecting plate 314 is fixedly installed on the rear bracket 312, and the lower part of the neck fixing seat 25 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 314.

[0082] A first limiting structure is also provided between the shoulder joint 32 and the shoulder support 31 to limit their relative rotation angle. In this embodiment, the first limiting structure includes a fourth protrusion 315 on the shoulder support 31 and a fifth protrusion 321 on the shoulder joint 32. When the shoulder joint 32 rotates a certain angle relative to the shoulder support 31 around the second axis of rotation 33, the fourth protrusion 315 can abut against the fifth protrusion 321, thereby limiting the rotation angle of the shoulder joint 32. The first limiting structure must satisfy the normal range of motion of the human shoulder joint in extension, abduction, and elevation.

[0083] like Figure 7 As shown, the chest assembly 4 includes a thoracic cavity 41, ribs 42, rib connecting plates 43, thoracic vertebrae 44, and chest skin 45.

[0084] The thoracic cavity 41 has a receiving cavity for housing a data acquisition device used for real-time data acquisition during the experiment. A chest displacement sensor and an acceleration sensor can also be installed within this receiving cavity to test chest displacement and chest injury during the experiment. The thoracic cavity 41 includes a base 411 with the receiving cavity. The top of the base 411 has an opening communicating with the receiving cavity, facilitating the placement of the data acquisition device into the receiving cavity through this opening. The thoracic cavity 41 also includes a cover 412 disposed at the opening of the base 411. The cover 412 can be rotatably connected to the base 411 or detachably connected to it. The cover 412 can either seal the top of the receiving cavity or leave the top of the receiving cavity open.

[0085] Ribs 42 are located at the rear of the thoracic cavity 41. Multiple ribs 42 are spaced apart in the vertical direction. The front part of each rib 42 is fixedly connected to the rear part of the base 411. Each rib 42 forms a closed frame structure after being connected to the base 411.

[0086] The rib connecting plate 43 is fixedly connected to the rear of each rib 42 from top to bottom.

[0087] The thoracic vertebral body 44 is housed within a closed frame structure formed by the ribs 42 and the base 411. The front part of the thoracic vertebral body 44 is fixedly connected to the rear part of the base 411, the rear part of the thoracic vertebral body 44 is fixedly connected to the rib connecting plate 43, the upper part of the thoracic vertebral body 44 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 314 and the rear support 312 respectively, and the lower part of the thoracic vertebral body 44 is fixedly connected to the lumbar assembly 6.

[0088] The chest skin 45 covers the exterior of the thoracic cavity 41 and ribs 42. The upper end of the chest skin 45 extends to the lower edge of the neck assembly 2. A zipper structure is designed on the rear side of the chest skin 45 for easy removal.

[0089] like Figure 8As shown, the arm assembly 5 includes an arm skeleton, which includes an upper arm skeleton 51, a forearm skeleton 52, and a metacarpal bone 53. One end of the upper arm skeleton 51 is rotatably connected to the shoulder joint 32 via a third pivot 34, the other end of the upper arm skeleton 51 is rotatably connected to one end of the forearm skeleton 52, and the other end of the forearm skeleton 52 is rotatably connected to the metacarpal bone 53.

[0090] A first damping structure is provided at the rotational connection between the upper arm bone 51 and the shoulder joint 32. The first damping structure allows the upper arm bone 51 to be maintained at a certain angle with the shoulder joint 32, such as maintaining a set angle between the upper arm bone 51 and the shoulder joint 32 during an airdrop test. The first damping structure can adopt a structure in the prior art, such as using an adjusting screw.

[0091] A second limiting structure is provided at the rotational connection between the upper arm bone 51 and the forearm bone 52 to limit the relative rotation angle between the two. The relative rotation angle between the upper arm bone 51 and the forearm bone 52 is limited by the second limiting structure to be consistent with the range of motion of the human elbow joint.

[0092] The arm assembly 5 also includes arm skin 54 covering the outside of the arm bones.

[0093] like Figure 9 As shown, the lumbar assembly 6 includes a lumbar vertebra 61, a pelvis 62, a lumbar vertebra sensor 63, and buttock skin 64. The lumbar vertebra 61 is fixedly connected to the thoracic assembly 4, the pelvis 62 is connected to the leg assembly 7, the lumbar vertebra sensor 63 is disposed between the lumbar vertebra 61 and the pelvis 62, and the buttock skin 64 covers the outside of the pelvis 62.

[0094] like Figure 10 As shown, the lumbar spine includes the lumbar spine body, the thoracic spine fixation plate 614, the lumbar spine fixation plate 615, and the lumbar steel cable 616.

[0095] The lumbar spine body includes, in descending order, an upper lumbar connecting plate 611, a lumbar elastic element 612, and a lower lumbar connecting plate 613. The lumbar elastic element 612 is made of rubber, which has a certain cushioning capacity and is closer to the actual human body structure, thus making the test results more accurate and realistic.

[0096] In this embodiment, the upper lumbar connecting plate 611, the lumbar elastic element 612, and the lower lumbar connecting plate 613 are formed into an integral structure by molding.

[0097] The thoracic fixation plate 614 is located above the lumbar upper connecting plate 611 and is fixedly connected to the lumbar upper connecting plate 611. The thoracic fixation plate 614 is also fixedly connected to the lower part of the thoracic spine body 44.

[0098] The lumbar fixation plate 615 is located below the lumbar lower connecting plate 613 and is fixedly connected to the lumbar lower connecting plate 613. The lumbar sensor 63 is located below the lumbar fixation plate 615 and is fixedly connected to the lumbar fixation plate 615.

[0099] One end of the lumbar steel cable 616 is connected to the thoracic spine fixation plate 614. The lumbar steel cable 616 passes sequentially through the center of the upper lumbar connecting plate 611, the lumbar elastic element 612, and the lower lumbar connecting plate 613. The other end is connected to the lumbar spine fixation plate 615, and the connection position of at least one end of the connection structure at both ends of the lumbar steel cable 616 is adjustable. In this embodiment, the upper end of the lumbar steel cable 616 is provided with threads, making its connection on the thoracic spine fixation plate 614 adjustable, thereby allowing adjustment of the tension of the lumbar spine according to different test conditions.

[0100] In this embodiment, the lumbar spine sensor 63 is located below the lumbar spine 61 and is fixedly connected to the lumbar spine 61. The lumbar assembly 6 also includes a sensor fixing plate 65, on which the lumbar spine sensor 63 is fixedly connected, and the sensor fixing plate 65 is fixedly connected to the pelvis 62.

[0101] like Figure 10 As shown, the pelvis 62 has a hollow cavity 621, within which a velocity sensor and an attitude sensor are installed. The attitude sensor is used to measure and acquire data on the dummy's posture changes during the test, thereby providing a basis for improving the interpretation standards of overload measurement data and the overload measurement method in airdrop tests. Both the velocity sensor and the attitude sensor are positioned close to the center of the pelvis 62 in the left-right direction, making their installation positions closer to the dummy's center of gravity, thus making the measurement results closer to reality.

[0102] Connecting portions 622 are provided on the left and right sides of the pelvis 62, and the leg assembly 7 is connected to the connecting portions 622. In this embodiment, the connecting portions 622 are provided on the left and right sides of the pelvis 62, so that the dummy can be in both a standing and sitting position.

[0103] Leg assemblies 7 are located on the left and right sides respectively. Each leg assembly 7 includes leg bones, which include a femur 71, a knee joint 72, a tibia 73, an ankle joint 74, and a foot 75, such as... Figure 11 As shown.

[0104] One end of the femur 71 is rotatably connected to the connecting part 622 via a ball joint, and the other end of the femur 71 is fixedly connected to the knee joint 72.

[0105] One end of the tibia 73 is rotatably connected to the knee joint 72, and the other end of the tibia 73 is rotatably connected to the ankle joint 74 via a ball joint.

[0106] The foot 75 is fixedly connected to the ankle joint 74.

[0107] A second damping structure is provided at the rotational connection between the femur 71 and the pelvis 62. This second damping structure allows the leg assembly 7 to maintain a certain angle with the lumbar assembly 6. For example, during a drop test, the leg assembly 7 is kept at a set angle to the horizontal plane. Specifically, when the femur 71 is raised to a 30-degree angle with the horizontal plane using the knee joint 72 as the force point in a seated position, the torque should not exceed 95 Nm. The limiting stroke ensures that the femur 71 can be raised to a 40-degree angle with the horizontal plane. The second damping structure can adopt existing technologies, such as a damping friction plate located at the rotational connection between the femur 71 and the pelvis 62.

[0108] A third limiting structure is also provided at the rotational connection between the femur 71 and the pelvis 62. The rotation angle of the femur 71 is limited by the third limiting structure to match the range of motion of the human hip joint.

[0109] A fourth limiting structure is provided at the rotatable connection between the tibia 73 and the knee joint 72 to limit the relative rotation angle between the two. The rotation angle of the knee joint 72 is limited by the fourth limiting structure to match the range of motion of the human knee joint.

[0110] The leg assembly 7 also includes a force sensor disposed on the leg bone. In this embodiment, the force sensor is disposed on the shinbone 73 and is used to measure the impact force on the leg upon landing.

[0111] The leg assembly 7 also includes leg skin 76 covering the outside of the leg bones.

[0112] The various sensors inside the dummy include a neck sensor 14, a pressure sensor 15, and a head sensor located in the head assembly 1; a chest displacement sensor and an acceleration sensor located in the chest assembly 4; a lumbar spine sensor 63, a velocity sensor, and a posture sensor located in the waist assembly 6; and a force sensor located in the leg assembly 7. All these sensors are electrically connected to a data acquisition device located within the chest cavity 41 to receive data from each sensor. The data acquisition device is storage-type, eliminating the need for an external computer during the test, thus facilitating the airborne test.

[0113] In summary, this simulated dummy has movable joints similar to those of a real person, and the damping of each joint is adjustable, allowing the dummy to be adjusted to specific postures such as curled up, stretched, standing, and sitting according to experimental requirements. In a seated position, the body's crotch straps primarily transmit pressure to the gluteal muscles, with the force direction consistent with the shoulder strap tension. Therefore, the gluteal muscles can play a cushioning role, resulting in the parachutist's body being in a seated position upon exiting the aircraft. Adjusting the seated position is therefore crucial. Based on this, the invention also provides an adjustable seat to adjust the dummy's posture to a seated position during testing.

[0114] like Figure 13 As shown, the adjustable seat includes a seat body 81, which supports the main weight of the dummy. The seat body 81 includes a seat plate 811 for supporting the dummy's buttocks. The adjustable seat also includes a support plate 82 disposed in front of the seat plate 811. The rear end of the support plate 82 is rotatably connected to the front end of the seat plate 811. When the dummy is in a sitting position, the support plate 82 supports the part of the dummy below the knee joint 72. By rotating the support plate 82 relative to the seat plate 811, the angle between the seat plate 811 and the support plate 82 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the angle between the dummy's femur 71 and tibia 73, so that the dummy is in a correct sitting position during the test.

[0115] The seat adjustment also includes a support mechanism 83, which is supported on the bottom of the support plate 82. The support mechanism 83 is used to adjust the angle between the support plate 82 and the seat plate 811. One end of the support mechanism 83 is rotatably connected to the seat body 81, and the other end is rotatably and slidably disposed on the bottom of the support plate 82. The support mechanism 83 may adopt a structure in the prior art.

[0116] The seat adjustment also includes a locking mechanism. Before the test, after the support plate 82 is adjusted to the set position via the support mechanism 83, the locking mechanism locks, fixing the relative position between the support plate 82 and the seat plate 811, thus maintaining the dummy's posture. Figure 14 As shown.

[0117] The seat plate 811 is tilted from back to front and from top to bottom, which makes it easier for the dummy to slide off the seat plate 811 during the air drop test.

[0118] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulated dummy for parachute drop tests, characterized in that: It includes a head assembly, a neck assembly, a shoulder assembly, a chest assembly, an arm assembly, a waist assembly, and a leg assembly; one end of the neck assembly is rotatably connected to the head assembly, and the other end is fixedly connected to the shoulder assembly; one end of the chest assembly is fixedly connected to the shoulder assembly, and the other end is fixedly connected to the waist assembly; one end of the arm assembly is rotatably connected to the shoulder assembly, and one end of the leg assembly is rotatably connected to the waist assembly; The cervical assembly includes a cervical spine body, which includes cervical support members, cervical elastic members, and cervical ligaments. Multiple cervical support members are spaced apart in the vertical direction. The cervical elastic members are respectively disposed in the interval area between each two adjacent cervical support members. The cervical ligaments are made of collagen fibers. Multiple cervical ligaments are spaced apart in the circumferential direction in the middle and posterior part of the cervical spine body. Each cervical ligament is connected to each cervical support member from top to bottom. Each cervical ligament is located on the outside of the cervical elastic member. Each of the neck supports has a front, rear, left, and right side portion that protrudes outward to form a convex portion, and the cervical ligament is connected at the location of the convex portion of each of the neck supports.

2. The simulated dummy for parachute drop tests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The neck assembly also includes: The neck connector is fixedly connected to the uppermost neck support and rotatably connected to the head assembly via a first pivot. A neck fixation seat is fixedly connected to the neck support located at the lowest part and to the shoulder assembly; The neck cable has one end connected to the neck connector and passes through the center of each neck support and each neck elastic member, and the other end connected to the neck fixation seat. At least one end of the connection structure at both ends of the neck cable is adjustable to adjust the tension of the cervical spine body. A neck pad, which is elastic, is disposed on the neck connector and is respectively disposed on the front and rear sides of the first rotating shaft. Each neck pad on each side is provided with an inclined surface that is inclined from top to bottom and away from the first rotating shaft.

3. The simulated dummy for parachute drop tests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chest assembly includes: The thoracic cavity has a cavitary structure to house data acquisition equipment; Ribs are fixedly installed at the rear of the thoracic cavity, and multiple ribs are spaced apart in the vertical direction. Each rib forms a closed frame structure after being connected to the thoracic cavity. Rib connecting plates are fixedly connected to the rear of each rib in sequence from top to bottom; The thoracic vertebral body is set within each of the aforementioned closed frame structures and is fixedly connected to the thoracic cavity and the rib connecting plate, respectively. The upper part of the thoracic vertebral body is fixedly connected to the shoulder assembly, and the lower part of the thoracic vertebral body is fixedly connected to the lumbar assembly. Chest skin, covering the outside of the thoracic cavity and the ribs.

4. The simulated dummy for parachute drop tests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lumbar assembly includes a lumbar vertebra fixedly connected to the chest assembly, a pelvis connected to the leg assembly, a lumbar vertebra sensor disposed between the lumbar vertebra and the pelvis, and buttock skin wrapped around the outside of the pelvis; The lumbar vertebrae include: The lumbar spine body includes, in order from top to bottom, an upper lumbar connecting plate, a lumbar elastic element, and a lower lumbar connecting plate; A thoracic fixation plate is located above the lumbar upper connecting plate and is fixedly connected to the lumbar upper connecting plate; the thoracic fixation plate is fixedly connected to the thoracic assembly. A lumbar fixation plate is located below the lower lumbar connecting plate and is fixedly connected to the lower lumbar connecting plate. The lumbar sensor is fixedly connected below the lumbar fixation plate. The lumbar steel cable has one end connected to the thoracic vertebra fixation plate and passes through the center of the upper lumbar connecting plate, the lumbar elastic element and the lower lumbar connecting plate, and the other end connected to the lumbar fixation plate. At least one end of the connection structure at both ends of the lumbar steel cable is adjustable to adjust the tension of the lumbar vertebra. The pelvis has a hollow cavity, and a speed sensor and an attitude sensor are installed in the central control cavity of the pelvis. Connecting parts for connecting to the leg assembly are provided on the left and right sides of the pelvis.

5. The simulated dummy for parachute drop tests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shoulder assembly includes a shoulder support and shoulder joints rotatably connected to the left and right ends of the shoulder support. The shoulder joints are rotatably connected to the arm assembly. The axis connecting the shoulder joints to the shoulder support and the axis connecting the shoulder joints to the arm assembly are perpendicular to each other. A first limiting structure is also provided between the shoulder joint and the shoulder support to limit the relative rotation angle between the two.

6. The simulated dummy for parachute drop tests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arm assembly includes an arm skeleton and arm skin covering the arm skeleton. The arm skeleton includes an upper arm skeleton with one end rotatably connected to the shoulder assembly, a forearm skeleton with one end rotatably connected to the other end of the upper arm skeleton, and a metacarpal bone rotatably connected to the other end of the forearm skeleton. A first damping structure is provided at the rotatable connection between the upper arm skeleton and the shoulder assembly, and a second limiting structure is provided at the rotatable connection between the upper arm skeleton and the forearm skeleton for limiting the relative rotation angle between the two.

7. The simulated dummy for parachute drop tests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leg assembly includes leg bones and leg skin covering the outside of the leg bones; The leg skeleton includes the femur, knee joint, tibia, ankle joint, and foot; one end of the femur is rotatably connected to the lumbar assembly via a ball joint, and the other end of the femur is fixedly connected to the knee joint; one end of the tibia is rotatably connected to the knee joint, and the other end of the tibia is rotatably connected to the ankle joint via a ball joint; the foot is fixedly connected to the ankle joint; a second damping structure is provided at the rotatable connection between the femur and the lumbar assembly, and a third limiting structure is provided at the rotatable connection between the tibia and the knee joint to limit the relative rotation angle between them; The leg assembly also includes force sensors disposed on the leg bones.

8. The simulated dummy for parachute drop tests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The head assembly includes a skull, on which an accelerometer and a barometric pressure sensor are mounted, and the head assembly also includes scalp skin covering the skull.

9. The simulated dummy for parachute drop tests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dummy also includes multiple sensors disposed inside the dummy, and a data acquisition device is disposed inside the chest assembly, with each sensor electrically connected to the data acquisition device.

10. An adjustable seat for a simulated dummy used in parachute drop tests as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The seat includes a seat body, which includes a seat plate for supporting the buttocks of a dummy. The adjustable seat also includes a support plate whose rear end is rotatably connected to the front end of the seat plate and a support mechanism supported on the bottom of the support plate for adjusting the angle between the support plate and the seat plate. One end of the support mechanism is rotatably connected to the seat body, and the other end is rotatably and slidably disposed on the support plate. The seat plate is inclined from back to front and from top to bottom.

Images