Impeller and centrifugal pump

Abstract

The impeller comprises a wheel disc, a shaft hole is formed in the wheel disc, a plurality of blade sets are arranged on the wheel disc, and the blade sets are arranged around the shaft hole; the blade set comprises first blades and second blades, the first blades and the second blades are arranged in the radial direction of the wheel disc, bent pressurization output parts are arranged at the positions, close to the edge of the wheel disc, of the first blades and the second blades, and the tail ends of the pressurization output parts of the first blades and the tail ends of the pressurization output parts of the second blades are close to each other. And when the wheel disc rotates positively and negatively, liquid can be pressurized and output through the blade sets. The blades of a traditional impeller are structurally optimized, the first blades and the second blades are oppositely arranged, and the rotating directions of the pressurizing output parts of the first blades and the second blades are opposite, so that the effective one-way outflow function can be achieved through bidirectional rotation of the impeller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of pumps, and in particular relates to an impeller and a centrifugal pump. Background Art

[0002] A centrifugal pump is a common pump that plays an important role in the fields of petrochemicals, water conservancy and irrigation, aerospace, and navigation. Therefore, improving the working efficiency of a centrifugal pump has a very important application value. A centrifugal pump relies on the rapid rotation of the impeller to throw the liquid in the center of the impeller to the outside of the impeller through centrifugal action. At this time, the pressure of the liquid outside the impeller increases, and the liquid is squeezed out from the pre-designed flow channel or channel to achieve the purpose of conveying the liquid. In order to improve the efficiency of the centrifugal pump, the prior art will design the blades on the impeller into a vortex shape, such as the impeller and centrifugal pump of a centrifugal pump disclosed in Chinese patent document CN217633088U. The rotation direction of the impeller of the vortex structure is related to the rotation direction of the impeller. This type of centrifugal pump only allows the impeller to rotate in one direction at this time. Although the impeller with a vortex structure can work effectively when it rotates in one direction, this solution cannot meet the requirements well when encountering an application scenario that requires bidirectional rotation.

[0003] If the impeller with a vortex structure is not used, the blades of the impeller are straight. Although it can meet the application scenario of bidirectional rotation, the liquid delivery function at this time will be very poor and it is difficult to ensure the delivery effect. As a person skilled in the art, it is necessary to propose an impeller and a centrifugal pump that can rotate bidirectionally and flow in one direction to solve the shortcomings of the prior art that bidirectional rotation, one-way flow and high-efficiency flow cannot be met at the same time, so that the impeller can rotate bidirectionally while ensuring the flow effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an impeller and a centrifugal pump for solving the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, on the one hand, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: an impeller, including a wheel disc, the wheel disc is provided with an axial hole, and a plurality of blade groups are arranged on the wheel disc, and the plurality of blade groups are arranged around the axial hole; the blade group includes a first blade and a second blade, the first blade and the second blade are both arranged along the radial direction of the wheel disc, the first blade and the second blade are both provided with a bent boost output part near the edge of the wheel disc, and the end of the boost output part of the first blade and the end of the boost output part of the second blade are close to each other, so that the wheel disc can boost the output of the liquid through the blade group when it is rotated forward and reversed.

[0006] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the bending position of the boost output portion is recessed inwards to form an arc-shaped groove.

[0007] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, both the first blade and the second blade are provided with a guide tip at one end close to the shaft hole.

[0008] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the first blade and the second blade have a first arcuate convex surface on one side opposite to the other, and the first blade and the second blade have a second arcuate convex surface on one side away from each other, and the guide tip is formed at the connection between the first arcuate convex surface and the second arcuate convex surface.

[0009] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the blade group further includes a third blade, one end of the third blade extends into the guide channel between the first blade and the second blade.

[0010] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, one end of the third blade extending into the guide channel is provided with a tip portion.

[0011] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, an annular step is provided in the middle of the wheel disc, the shaft hole is provided in the middle of the annular step, and the third blade is provided on the annular step.

[0012] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the guide channel includes a contraction section, an expansion section and a boost output section which are connected in sequence, and one end of the third blade extends to the contraction section.

[0013] On the other hand, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a centrifugal pump, comprising the above-mentioned impeller, and also comprising a casing and a power shaft, the casing being provided with a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet and a mounting hole, the impeller being rotatably arranged inside the casing, and one end of the power shaft being connected to the impeller after passing through the mounting hole.

[0014] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, an impeller groove adapted to the impeller is provided inside the outer shell, a guide groove connected to the liquid outlet is provided on the circumferential side of the impeller groove, and a plurality of self-adjusting guide blades are provided at intervals in the guide groove, and the self-adjusting guide blades are used to guide the liquid in the guide groove to flow unidirectionally toward the liquid outlet.

[0015] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the self-adjusting guide blade includes a long blade and a short blade, an intermediate connecting part is provided between the long blade and the short blade, the intermediate connecting part is rotatably matched with the guide groove, the long blade is arranged on the side of the intermediate connecting part close to the liquid outlet, and the short blade is arranged on the side of the intermediate connecting part away from the liquid outlet.

[0016] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the intermediate connecting portion includes an intermediate connecting column, a blade seat is provided in the guide groove, and the blade seat is rotatably connected to the intermediate connecting column.

[0017] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, a self-adjusting gate assembly is provided near the liquid outlet of the guide groove, and the self-adjusting gate assembly is used to automatically adjust the flow direction of the liquid according to the liquid pressure on both sides thereof.

[0018] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the self-adjusting gate assembly includes a self-adjusting gate and a gate seat, one end of the self-adjusting gate is rotatably connected to the gate seat, and the self-adjusting gate can move in the guide groove according to the liquid pressure on both sides thereof to close the channel between one side of the self-adjusting gate and the liquid outlet, and open the channel between the other side of the self-adjusting gate and the liquid outlet.

[0019] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the outer shell includes a base and a cover plate, the impeller groove and the guide groove are arranged on the inner side of the base, the liquid outlet is arranged on the side wall of the base, and the liquid inlet is arranged on the end face of the base; the cover plate is installed on the base, and the mounting hole is arranged on the end face of the cover plate.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. The present invention optimizes the structure of the blades of the traditional impeller, wherein the first blade and the second blade are arranged opposite to each other, and the boost output parts of the first blade and the second blade rotate in opposite directions, thereby achieving an effective one-way outflow function when the impeller rotates in both directions.

[0022] 2. The present invention solves the problem that the liquid rotates bidirectionally with the impeller and the large inertial force will affect the centrifugal efficiency of the liquid. The self-adjusting guide vanes automatically adjust the flow of the reverse flow, thereby reducing the influence of the inertial force on the centrifugal efficiency of the liquid and improving the centrifugal efficiency of the fluid.

[0023] 3. The present invention solves the problem that the prior art cannot effectively guide the flow in both directions when facing a bidirectionally rotating impeller through a self-adjusting gate assembly. The self-adjusting gate assembly can adjust the angle by itself under the action of different pressures generated by different flow directions to achieve bidirectional guidance and prevent liquid backflow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an impeller in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a centrifugal pump in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a base in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-adjusting guide vane in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a self-adjusting gate in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the positions of the self-adjusting guide vanes and the self-adjusting gate assembly when the impeller rotates counterclockwise in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the positions of the self-adjusting guide vanes and the self-adjusting gate assembly when the impeller rotates clockwise in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1-wheel disc; 2-shaft hole; 3-first blade; 4-second blade; 5-boost output part; 6-guide tip; 7-third blade; 8-annular step; 9-housing; 10-power shaft; 11-liquid inlet; 12-liquid outlet; 13-mounting hole; 14-impeller groove; 15-guide groove; 16-self-adjusting guide blade; 17-long blade; 18-short blade; 19-middle connecting column; 20-blade seat; 21-self-adjusting gate assembly; 22-self-adjusting gate; 23-gate seat; 24-base; 25-cover plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an impeller, including a wheel disc 1, a shaft hole 2 is opened in the middle of the wheel disc 1, and a plurality of blade groups are arranged on the wheel disc 1, and the plurality of blade groups are evenly arranged around the shaft hole 2. Among them, the number of blade groups can be set according to specific needs, and the present invention does not limit this. Specifically, the blade group includes a first blade 3 and a second blade 4, and the first blade 3 and the second blade 4 are both arranged radially along the wheel disc 1. The first blade 3 and the second blade 4 are both provided with a bent boost output part 5 near the edge of the wheel disc 1, and the end of the boost output part 5 of the first blade 3 and the end of the boost output part 5 of the second blade 4 are close to each other, so that the wheel disc 1 can boost the output of the liquid through the blade group when rotating forward and reversely.

[0033] There is a flow guide channel between the first blade 3 and the second blade 4, a first liquid discharge channel between two adjacent first blades 3, and a second liquid discharge channel between two adjacent second blades 4. The first blade 3 and the second blade 4 adopt the same structure, and the first blade 3 and the second blade 4 are arranged relative to each other. The boost output part 5 of the first blade 3 and the second blade 4 rotates in opposite directions, so the impeller can have a good pumping effect on the liquid when rotating forward and reversely, ensuring the outflow effect. Among them, the bending position of the boost output part 5 is concave inward and forms an arc-shaped groove, which is conducive to liquid output.

[0034] In order to reduce the resistance to liquid outflow, the first blade 3 and the second blade 4 are both provided with a guide tip 6 at one end close to the shaft hole 2. Specifically, the first blade 3 and the second blade 4 are both provided with a first arcuate convex surface on one side opposite to the first blade 3 and the second blade 4, and the first blade 3 and the second blade 4 are both provided with a second arcuate convex surface on one side away from each other, and the guide tip 6 is formed at the connection between the first arcuate convex surface and the second arcuate convex surface.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the blade group also includes a third blade 7, one end of the third blade 7 extends into the guide channel between the first blade 3 and the second blade 4, and the end of the third blade 7 extending into the guide channel is provided with a tip. The guide channel includes a contraction section, an expansion section and a boost output section that are connected in sequence, and one end of the third blade 7 extends to the contraction section. Among them, an annular step 8 is provided in the middle of the wheel disc 1, and an axial hole 2 is provided in the middle of the annular step 8. The third blade 7 is arranged on the annular step 8, which is conducive to the smooth discharge of water. The present invention arranges the third blade 7 between the first blade 3 and the second blade 4, so that the blade distribution is more reasonable, and the water discharge is more convenient and smooth; when the impeller rotates forward and reverse, the principle is the same, and the drainage efficiency of forward and reverse rotation is the same and will not be reduced.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment also provides a centrifugal pump, including the above-mentioned impeller, and also including a housing 9 and a power shaft 10. The housing 9 is provided with a liquid inlet 11, a liquid outlet 12 and a mounting hole 13. The impeller is rotatably arranged inside the housing 9. One end of the power shaft 10 passes through the mounting hole 13 and is connected to the shaft hole 2 of the impeller. The other end of the power shaft 10 is connected to the motor. The motor drives the impeller to rotate. The liquid enters the housing 9 through the liquid inlet 11. Under the action of the impeller, the liquid is discharged through the liquid outlet 12 to achieve the purpose of conveying the liquid. Based on the traditional impeller, this patent arranges the first blade 3 and the second blade 4 relatively on the wheel disc 1, which solves the problem of efficient liquid conveyance while rotating in both directions.

[0037] like Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, an impeller groove 14 adapted to the impeller is provided inside the housing 9, and an annular guide groove 15 is provided on the circumference of the impeller groove 14. The guide groove 15 is connected to the liquid outlet 12, and a plurality of self-adjusting guide blades 16 are arranged at intervals inside the guide groove 15. The self-adjusting guide blades 16 are used to guide the liquid in the guide groove 15 to flow unidirectionally toward the liquid outlet 12. When the liquid flows forward along the guide groove 15, under the action of the pressure of the liquid, the direction of the self-adjusting guide blade 16 is consistent with the flow direction of the liquid; when the liquid flows in the reverse direction, under the action of the pressure of the liquid, the self-adjusting guide blade 16 rotates, and both ends of the self-adjusting guide blade 16 contact the inner wall of the guide groove 15, closing the guide groove 15, thereby preventing the liquid from flowing in the reverse direction. The present invention blocks the reverse flow and conducts the forward flow normally through the design of the self-adjusting guide blades 16 on both sides of the guide groove 15. When the impeller frequently changes the rotation direction, the energy loss caused by the inertial force to the impeller is reduced, and the internal liquid can quickly change the flow direction, thereby enhancing the efficiency of the bidirectional centrifugal pump. Among them, the length and height of the self-adjusting guide blades 16 can be set to different sizes according to specific needs. For example, the height of each self-adjusting guide blade 16 is designed to be a stepped height according to the liquid flow direction of the guide groove 15. Correspondingly, the width and depth of the guide groove 15 are set to different sizes according to specific needs.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, specifically, the self-adjusting guide blade 16 includes a long blade 17 and a short blade 18, an intermediate connection portion is provided between the long blade 17 and the short blade 18, the intermediate connection portion is rotatably matched with the guide groove 15, the long blade 17 is provided on a side of the intermediate connection portion close to the liquid outlet 12, and the short blade 18 is provided on a side of the intermediate connection portion away from the liquid outlet 12. The intermediate connection portion includes an intermediate connection column 19, a blade seat 20 is provided in the guide groove 15, and the blade seat 20 is rotatably connected to the intermediate connection column 19.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, a self-adjusting gate assembly 21 is provided near the liquid outlet 12 of the guide groove 15, and the self-adjusting gate assembly 21 is used to automatically adjust the flow direction of the liquid according to the liquid pressure on both sides thereof. When the liquid pressure on the left side of the self-adjusting gate assembly 21 is greater than the liquid pressure on the right side, the self-adjusting gate assembly 21 moves to the right, allowing the liquid on the left side to enter the liquid outlet 12; when the liquid pressure on the right side of the self-adjusting gate assembly 21 is greater than the liquid pressure on the left side, the self-adjusting gate assembly 21 moves to the left, allowing the liquid on the right side to enter the liquid outlet 12. The self-adjusting gate 22 group of the present invention can automatically adjust the rotation direction under the condition of different pressure differences caused by different fluid flow directions, so as to achieve the purpose of bidirectional rotation and unidirectional flow guidance.

[0040] Specifically, Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, the self-adjusting gate assembly 21 includes a self-adjusting gate 22 and a gate seat 23. One end of the self-adjusting gate 22 is rotatably connected to the gate seat 23. The self-adjusting gate 22 can move in the guide groove 15 according to the liquid pressure on both sides thereof, so as to close the channel between one side of the self-adjusting gate 22 and the liquid outlet 12, and open the channel between the other side of the self-adjusting gate 22 and the liquid outlet 12. The gate seat 23 is arranged opposite to the liquid outlet 12, and the self-adjusting gate 22 is rotatably arranged in the guide groove 15. According to the liquid pressure on both sides of the self-adjusting gate 22, the self-adjusting gate 22 can rotate left and right, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the channel between the guide groove 15 and the liquid outlet 12.

[0041] In this embodiment, the housing 9 includes a base 24 and a cover plate 25, an impeller groove 14 and a guide groove 15 are arranged on the inner side of the base 24, a liquid outlet 12 is arranged on the side wall of the base 24, and a liquid inlet 11 is arranged on the end surface of the base 24; the cover plate 25 is installed on the base 24, and a mounting hole 13 is arranged on the end surface of the cover plate 25.

[0042] The present invention provides a bidirectional rotating unidirectional outflow high-efficiency axial flow centrifugal pump, wherein an impeller groove 14 is provided at the center of a base 24, a guide groove 15 is provided at the outer side of the impeller groove 14 inside the base 24, a liquid outlet 12 is provided at one side of the base 24, a liquid inlet 11 is provided at the lower end of the base 24 opposite to the center of the impeller groove 14, an impeller is rotatably arranged in the impeller groove 14, the lower end of the impeller is a disc-shaped structure and is rotatably matched with the impeller groove 14, a blade group is provided on the upper side of the impeller, the first blade 3 and the boost output part 5 of the second blade 4 of the blade group rotate in opposite directions, a plurality of blade seats 2 are arranged at intervals around the impeller groove 14 in the guide groove 15 0, a gate seat 23 is provided on the side of the guide groove 15 close to the liquid outlet 12, a self-adjusting guide blade 16 is rotatably provided on the upper side of the blade seat 20, the self-adjusting guide blade 16 is an arc-shaped structure and one end is longer and the other end is relatively shorter, the longer end of the self-adjusting guide blade 16 is close to the liquid outlet 12, a self-adjusting gate 22 is rotatably provided on the upper side of the gate seat 23, the self-adjusting gate 22 can be rotated to both sides of the liquid outlet 12, a power shaft 10 is connected to the upper end of the impeller center, an axial hole 2 is opened in the center of the impeller, a cover plate 25 is installed on the upper end of the base 24, and the power shaft 10 passes through the mounting hole 13 in the center of the cover plate 25 and is connected to the impeller.

[0043] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the working principle of the centrifugal pump is as follows: when the centrifugal pump is working, the power shaft 10 drives the impeller to rotate, and the impeller drives the liquid entering the center of the impeller from the liquid inlet 11 to rotate. Under the centrifugal effect, the liquid gradually moves to the edge of the impeller. Since the impeller is provided with a first blade 3, a second blade 4 and a third blade 7, the centrifugal pump can achieve a good pumping effect in both bidirectional rotation. When the liquid reaches the guide groove 15 outside the impeller, it will flow in the guide groove 15 along the current rotation direction of the impeller. When the liquid flows in the guide groove 15, the short blade 18 of the self-adjusting guide blade 16 on one side of the guide groove 15 points to the direction of the liquid flowing in. The self-adjusting guide blade 16 on this side cannot ensure a balanced state, so the long blade 17 and the short blade 18 will rotate to be close to the side wall of the guide groove 15, thereby hindering the flow of liquid; the long blade 17 of the self-adjusting guide blade 16 on the other side of the guide groove 15 points to the direction of the liquid flowing out, and the long blade 17 and the short blade 18 will not hinder the flow of liquid when the liquid flows through; at the same time, the self-adjusting gate 22 rotates to the other side under the influence of the liquid pressure to ensure that the liquid can flow out smoothly from the liquid outlet 12. When the power shaft 10 rotates in the opposite direction, the states of the self-adjusting guide blades 16 on both sides are exchanged, and the self-adjusting gate 22 turns to the other side of the liquid outlet 12 to ensure that the liquid flows out smoothly.

[0044] The existing centrifugal pumps that can meet the bidirectional rotation only rely on the pressure outside the impeller to squeeze the liquid out of the preset channel when the flow is discharged. The fluid speed of the fluid itself following the rotation of the impeller does not help the fluid outflow. On the contrary, due to the bidirectional rotation of the impeller, the fluids will interfere with each other under the action of inertia. This interference is more obvious in high-power and large-volume centrifugal pumps. In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention uses a self-adjusting gate assembly 21 to automatically adjust the flow direction of the liquid, so that the fluid keeps moving in one direction, avoiding the fluids from interfering with each other under the action of inertia.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0046] 1. The present invention optimizes the structure of the blades of the traditional impeller, wherein the first blade 3 and the second blade 4 are arranged opposite to each other, and the boost output parts 5 of the first blade 3 and the second blade 4 rotate in opposite directions, thereby achieving an effective one-way outflow function when the impeller rotates in both directions.

[0047] 2. The present invention solves the problem that the liquid rotates bidirectionally with the impeller and the large inertial force will affect the centrifugal efficiency of the liquid. The self-adjusting guide vanes 16 automatically adjust the flow of the reverse flow to reduce the influence of the inertial force on the centrifugal efficiency of the liquid and improve the centrifugal efficiency of the fluid.

[0048] 3. The present invention solves the problem that the prior art cannot effectively guide the flow in both directions when facing a bidirectionally rotating impeller through the self-adjusting gate assembly 21. The self-adjusting gate assembly 21 can adjust the angle by itself under the action of different pressures generated by different flow directions to achieve two-way guidance and prevent liquid backflow.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; may be mechanically connected or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, may be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood. In addition, the specific features, structures, etc. described in the embodiments are included in at least one embodiment. Under the condition that there is no contradiction, those skilled in the art may combine the features of different embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. According to the basic technical concept of the present invention, the embodiments that can be associated with by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An impeller, comprising a wheel disc (1), wherein the wheel disc (1) is provided with an axial hole (2), and the wheel disc (1) is provided with a plurality of blade groups, wherein the plurality of blade groups are arranged around the axial hole (2); characterized in that: The blade group comprises a first blade (3) and a second blade (4), the first blade (3) and the second blade (4) are both arranged radially along the wheel disc (1), the first blade (3) and the second blade (4) are both provided with a bent boost output portion (5) near the edge of the wheel disc (1), and the end of the boost output portion (5) of the first blade (3) and the end of the boost output portion (5) of the second blade (4) are close to each other, so that the wheel disc (1) can boost the output of liquid through the blade group when rotating forward or reversely.

2. The impeller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bending position of the boost output portion (5) is recessed inwards to form an arc-shaped groove; the first blade (3) and the second blade (4) are each provided with a guide tip (6) at one end close to the shaft hole (2); the first blade (3) and the second blade (4) are each provided with a first arc-shaped convex surface on the opposite side thereof, and the first blade (3) and the second blade (4) are each provided with a second arc-shaped convex surface on the side facing away from each other, and the guide tip (6) is formed at the connection between the first arc-shaped convex surface and the second arc-shaped convex surface.

3. The impeller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade assembly further comprises a third blade (7), one end of the third blade (7) extending into the flow guide channel between the first blade (3) and the second blade (4); the end of the third blade (7) extending into the flow guide channel is provided with a tip portion.

4. The impeller according to claim 3, characterized in that: An annular step (8) is provided in the middle of the wheel disc (1), the shaft hole (2) is provided in the middle of the annular step (8), and the third blade (7) is provided on the annular step (8); the flow guide channel comprises a contraction section, an expansion section and a boost output section which are connected in sequence, and one end of the third blade (7) extends to the contraction section.

5. A centrifugal pump, characterized in that: It comprises the impeller according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and also comprises a casing (9) and a power shaft (10), wherein the casing (9) is provided with a liquid inlet (11), a liquid outlet (12) and a mounting hole (13), the impeller is rotatably arranged inside the casing (9), and one end of the power shaft (10) passes through the mounting hole (13) and is connected to the impeller.

6. The centrifugal pump according to claim 5, characterized in that An impeller groove (14) adapted to the impeller is provided inside the housing (9); a guide groove (15) connected to the liquid outlet (12) is provided on the circumferential side of the impeller groove (14); a plurality of self-adjusting guide blades (16) are provided at intervals inside the guide groove (15); the self-adjusting guide blades (16) are used to guide the liquid in the guide groove (15) to flow unidirectionally toward the liquid outlet (12).

7. The centrifugal pump according to claim 6, characterized in that The self-adjusting guide blade (16) comprises a long blade (17) and a short blade (18); an intermediate connecting portion is provided between the long blade (17) and the short blade (18); the intermediate connecting portion is rotatably matched with the guide groove (15); the long blade (17) is arranged on a side of the intermediate connecting portion close to the liquid outlet (12); and the short blade (18) is arranged on a side of the intermediate connecting portion away from the liquid outlet (12); the intermediate connecting portion comprises an intermediate connecting column (19); a blade seat (20) is provided in the guide groove (15); and the blade seat (20) is rotatably connected to the intermediate connecting column (19).

8. The centrifugal pump according to claim 6, characterized in that The guide groove (15) is provided with a self-adjusting gate assembly (21) near the liquid outlet (12), and the self-adjusting gate assembly (21) is used to automatically adjust the flow direction of the liquid according to the liquid pressure on both sides thereof.

9. The centrifugal pump according to claim 8, characterized in that The self-adjusting gate assembly (21) comprises a self-adjusting gate (22) and a gate seat (23); one end of the self-adjusting gate (22) is rotatably connected to the gate seat (23); the self-adjusting gate (22) can move in the guide groove (15) according to the liquid pressure on both sides thereof, so as to close the channel between one side of the self-adjusting gate (22) and the liquid outlet (12), and open the channel between the other side of the self-adjusting gate (22) and the liquid outlet (12).

10. The centrifugal pump according to claim 6, characterized in that The housing (9) comprises a base (24) and a cover plate (25); the impeller groove (14) and the guide groove (15) are arranged on the inner side of the base (24); the liquid outlet (12) is arranged on the side wall of the base (24); and the liquid inlet (11) is arranged on the end surface of the base (24); the cover plate (25) is mounted on the base (24); and the mounting hole (13) is arranged on the end surface of the cover plate (25).

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