Automatic station building planning method and system for different types of weather radars

Abstract

The invention relates to an automatic station building planning method and system for different types of weather radars, and belongs to the field of weather radars, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the topographic information of a radar station building region, and determining the parameters of the weather radars; grid processing is carried out on the to-be-built station area, and a radar position movement rule is determined; counting the shielding rate of the area where the radar is located, and screening grid points meeting shielding rate constraint conditions; counting the annual average precipitation of the grid point position, and obtaining an optimal radar station building grid point; when the weather radars are networked, a plurality of different types of weather radars are selected for networking. According to the method, the specific position and the configuration type of the weather radar station are set as decision variables, the minimum radar shielding rate is set as a constraint condition, and meanwhile, automatic construction of different types of weather radar stations can be realized in combination with annual average rainfall data counted by a rain gauge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of meteorological radars, and in particular to a method and system for automatically planning stations for different types of weather radars. Background Art

[0002] In order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of meteorological monitoring and ensure the accuracy of weather forecasts, weather monitoring is achieved through weather radar; however, how to build a more dense monitoring network through reasonable planning of radar site layout, especially for areas with complex terrain, how to reduce detection blind spots through reasonable planning of radar sites is a problem that needs to be considered at present. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method and system for automatic station planning of different types of weather radars, thereby solving the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0004] The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution: a method for automatically planning the establishment of different types of weather radars, the planning method comprising: Step 1: Obtain the terrain information of the area where the radar is to be built and determine the parameters of the weather radar; Step 2: Grid the proposed station area and determine the radar position movement rules; Step 3: Count the shielding rate of the area where the radar is located, and select the grid points that meet the shielding rate constraint conditions; Step 4: Calculate the average annual precipitation at the grid point location to obtain the optimal radar station grid point; Step 5: When networking weather radars, select multiple weather radars of different types for networking.

[0005] The step 1 specifically includes the following contents: Obtain the latitude and longitude information and terrain data of the area where the radar is to be built, grid the area according to the longitude and latitude information, and calculate the shielding rate of the weather radar scanning range according to the terrain data; Determine the weather radar type, theoretical maximum scanning radius R, and theoretical maximum scanning range.

[0006] The step 2 specifically includes the following contents: After obtaining the longitude and latitude information of the proposed station area, the proposed station area is gridded. Each grid point represents the center of the radar. The distance between every two grid points is R, and the distance between the edge grid points and the boundary is R / 2. Each grid point within the gridded range of the proposed station area is traversed from one side to the other in turn to test the radar scanning range shielding situation at each grid point.

[0007] The step three specifically includes the following contents: When traversing each grid point, the shielding rate of the weather radar at the grid point is calculated by obtaining the terrain data of the proposed station area, and finally the shielding conditions at all grid points are obtained; All grid points are screened according to the set first constraint condition, and the grid points that meet the first constraint condition are retained.

[0008] The step 4 specifically includes the following contents: Obtain the annual automatic station rain gauge data in the area where the radar station is planned to be built, count the rain gauge precipitation data of each station, and then use the spatial interpolation method to mark the annual average precipitation of each grid area in the gridded area; The precipitation in the area around each grid point is added up, and the result is taken as the annual average precipitation within the radar scanning range of the grid point, and the grid points that meet the first constraint condition are selected; The amount of precipitation is taken as the second constraint condition. The selected grid points are sorted according to the precipitation, and the grid points with the highest precipitation are selected as the optimal solution for radar station construction.

[0009] The step five specifically includes the following contents: Select the first type of radar site according to steps 1 to 4; Delete the radar sites of the first type after the proposed station area is selected. According to the difference between the maximum scanning radius of the second type of radar and the maximum scanning radius of the first type of radar, reset the grid spacing in step 2, and then repeat steps 1 to 4 to select the remaining radar sites of the second type.

[0010] An automatic station planning system for different types of weather radars, the system comprising a data acquisition module, a grid processing module, a first constraint screening module, a second constraint screening module and a networking module; The data acquisition module is configured to obtain the latitude and longitude information and terrain data of the area where the radar is to be built, perform grid processing on the area where the station is to be built according to the longitude and latitude information, calculate the shielding rate of the weather radar scanning range according to the terrain data, and determine the weather radar type, the theoretical maximum scanning radius R and the theoretical maximum scanning range; The grid processing module is configured to perform grid processing on the proposed station area after acquiring the latitude and longitude information of the proposed station area, where each grid point represents the center of the radar, the distance between each two grid points is R, the distance between the edge grid points and the boundary is R / 2, and each grid point within the grid range of the proposed station area is traversed from one side to the other side in turn to test the shielding of the radar scanning range at each grid point position; The first constraint condition screening module is configured to count the shielding rate of the area where the radar is located, and screen the grid points that meet the shielding rate constraint condition; The second constraint condition screening module is configured to count the average annual precipitation at the grid point location to obtain the optimal radar station establishment grid point; The networking module is configured to select multiple weather radars of different types for networking when performing weather radar networking.

[0011] The first constraint screening module specifically includes the following contents: When traversing each grid point, the shielding rate of the weather radar at the grid point is calculated by obtaining the terrain data of the proposed station area, and finally the shielding conditions at all grid points are obtained; All grid points are screened according to the set first constraint condition, and the grid points that meet the first constraint condition are retained.

[0012] The second constraint condition screening module specifically includes the following contents: Obtain the annual automatic station rain gauge data in the area where the radar station is planned to be built, count the rain gauge precipitation data of each station, and then use the spatial interpolation method to mark the annual average precipitation of each grid area in the gridded area; The precipitation in the area around each grid point is added up, and the result is taken as the annual average precipitation within the radar scanning range of the grid point, and the grid points that meet the first constraint condition are selected; The amount of precipitation is taken as the second constraint condition. The selected grid points are sorted according to the precipitation, and the grid points with the highest precipitation are selected as the optimal solution for radar station construction.

[0013] The networking module specifically includes the following contents: Select a radar site of the first type according to the contents of the data acquisition module, the grid processing module, the first constraint screening module and the second constraint screening module executed in sequence; The radar sites of the first type after the selection of the proposed station area are deleted, and the grid spacing in the grid processing module is reset according to the difference between the maximum scanning radius of the second type of radar and the maximum scanning radius of the first type of radar. Then, the contents of the data acquisition module, the grid processing module, the first constraint condition screening module and the second constraint condition screening module are repeatedly executed to select the remaining radar sites of the second type.

[0014] The present invention has the following advantages: a method and system for automatically planning weather radar stations of different types, which sets the specific location of the weather radar station and its configuration type as a decision variable, and sets the minimum radar obstruction rate as a constraint condition, while combining the annual average precipitation data counted by the rain gauge, to realize the automated construction of weather radar stations of different types. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the proposed weather radar station area; Figure 3 This is a gridded schematic diagram of the proposed station area; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the radar traversal grid position; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of weather radar shielding; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the grid point locations where the shielding rate is less than 20%; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of precipitation distribution in the proposed station area; Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the statistical average annual precipitation within the radar scanning range of black grid points; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the average annual precipitation within the scanning range of each radar grid point; Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the optimal grid location for radar station construction; Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the site location for the S-band radar; Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the newly added grid points; Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the proposed station grid for X-band weather radar; Fig.14 Schematic diagram of selecting network sites for different types of weather radars. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided below in conjunction with the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the application claimed for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application. The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0017] This paper focuses on weather radar stations as the research object, explores the optimization strategy of weather radar station site selection based on refined geographic space segmentation, and takes into account the impact of obstacles in the actual environment on the radar signal coverage range while determining the number of weather radars of different types to be built. The specific location of the weather radar station and its configuration type are set as decision variables, and the minimization of radar obstruction rate is set as a constraint condition. At the same time, combined with the average annual precipitation data counted by the rain gauge, an automatic site planning method for different types of weather radars is proposed.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, it specifically includes the following contents: Step 1: Obtain information about the area where the weather radar is to be built: Figure 2 As shown in the figure, before planning the weather radar station, it is necessary to obtain the latitude and longitude information and terrain data of the area where the radar is to be built. After obtaining the latitude and longitude information of the station construction area, it is convenient to grid the station construction area. Obtaining the terrain data of the station construction area facilitates the calculation of the shielding rate of the weather radar scanning range.

[0019] Step 2: Determine weather parameters: Determine the weather radar type, theoretical maximum scanning radius R, and theoretical maximum scanning range. For example, the maximum scanning range of S-band weather radar is 460km, the maximum scanning range of C-band weather radar is 400km, and the maximum scanning range of X-band weather radar is 150km.

[0020] Step 3: Gridding of the proposed station area: Figure 3 As shown in the figure, after obtaining the latitude and longitude information of the proposed station area, the proposed station area is gridded. The maximum scanning radius of the weather radar is R, the distance between the two black grid points is R, and the distance between the edge grid points and the boundary is R / 2. Here, the black grid point represents the center of the radar.

[0021] Step 4: Determine the radar position movement rule: In order to test the radar scanning range shielding of each grid point in step 3, formulate the following Figure 4 The radar movement rule shown traverses each black grid point in turn. Figure 4 The thick black arrow in the middle is the direction of radar movement, and the black grid is the center of the radar.

[0022] Step 5: Filter the grid points that meet the shielding constraint conditions: When traversing each grid point, calculate the shielding rate of the weather radar at the grid point by obtaining the terrain data of the proposed station area. Here, the shielding rate threshold is set to 20% (which can be changed according to specific requirements), and only black grid points with shielding rates below 20% are retained as the first constraint condition. Figure 5 As shown in the figure, (a) is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a weather radar scanning area with an obscuration rate greater than 20%, (b) is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a weather radar scanning area with an obscuration rate less than 20%, and (c) is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a weather radar scanning area without obscuration. Figure 6 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of retaining only black grid points with an occlusion rate lower than 20%.

[0023] Step 6: Calculate the average annual precipitation in the grid area: Heavy precipitation is one of the important factors that cause floods. Studies have shown that the precipitation of heavy rain or rainstorm events is significantly positively correlated with the flood area, and abnormal precipitation has a positive effect on the flood area. In addition, the aggravation trend of rainstorm floods is also significantly correlated with annual precipitation.

[0024] In order to maximize the advantages of weather radar in disaster prevention and mitigation, it is necessary to obtain the historical automatic station rain gauge data in the area where the radar is to be built, count the rain gauge precipitation data of each station, and then use the spatial interpolation method to mark the annual average precipitation of each grid area in the gridded area. Figure 7 The black grid point is the center of the radar, and the side length of each grid is the maximum scanning radius of the radar R. The average annual precipitation in each grid area is the statistical value of all rain gauges in the grid.

[0025] Step 7: Get the maximum radar station grid point: Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the average annual precipitation within the black grid radar scanning range is statistically analyzed. Figure 7 The precipitation in the four square areas around each black grid point is added together, and the sum is taken as the average annual precipitation within the radar scanning range of the black grid point.

[0026] like Fig. 9 The figure below is a schematic diagram of the average annual precipitation within the scanning range of each radar grid point. Figure 7 Based on the precipitation distribution in the proposed station area, use Figure 8 After the statistical method shown, Fig. 9 Each dotted square in the figure represents the average annual precipitation at each radar grid point.

[0027] Fig. 9 For the black grid points, only the grid points with an obscuration rate less than 20% after processing in step 5 are retained. The precipitation is sorted and the grid point with the highest precipitation is used as the optimal solution for radar station construction as the second constraint. This method can not only optimize the radar detection capability, but also enable the radar to detect the maximum precipitation area, and can monitor the precipitation situation to the greatest extent.

[0028] like Fig.10 As shown in the figure, it is a schematic diagram of the optimal grid point position for radar station construction, where the black circular area is the optimal grid point position for radar station construction selected this time.

[0029] Step 8, selection of sites for different types of radars: When networking large and small weather radars, multiple weather radars of different types need to be selected for networking. For example, one S-band weather radar and four X-band weather radars are used for networking. Usually, a site for a large S-band radar is obtained through steps 1 to 7. Fig.11 As shown, this is a schematic diagram of the S-band radar station location selected for the first time.

[0030] After the first S-band radar site is selected, the S-band radar site selected in the proposed station area is deleted to avoid repeated site selection. The maximum scanning radius of the S-band weather radar is about 3 times that of the X-band weather radar. Therefore, when selecting the X-band weather radar site, based on the gridded area of ​​the S-band proposed station area, Fig.12 As shown, just add two grid points between each grid point.

[0031] like Fig.13 As shown in the figure, the grid points of the X-band weather radar station area after the new grid points are added. The dotted circle in the figure is the selected S-band weather radar station and its maximum scanning range. Then, repeat steps 2 to 7 to select the remaining 4 X-band weather radar stations. Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the final selected network site. The solid circle in the figure is the X-band radar, and the dotted circle is the S-band radar.

[0032] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used for various other combinations, modifications and improvements, and can be modified within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or the technology or knowledge of the relevant field. The changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and should be within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for automatic station planning of different types of weather radars, characterized by: The planning method includes: Step 1: Obtain the terrain information of the area where the radar is to be built and determine the parameters of the weather radar; Step 2: Grid the proposed station area and determine the radar position movement rules; Step 3: Count the shielding rate of the area where the radar is located, and select the grid points that meet the shielding rate constraint conditions; Step 4: Calculate the average annual precipitation at the grid point location to obtain the optimal radar station grid point; Step 5: When networking weather radars, select multiple weather radars of different types for networking.

2. The method for automatic station planning of different types of weather radars according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step 1 specifically includes the following contents: Obtain the latitude and longitude information and terrain data of the area where the radar is to be built, grid the area according to the longitude and latitude information, and calculate the shielding rate of the weather radar scanning range according to the terrain data; Determine the weather radar type, theoretical maximum scanning radius R, and theoretical maximum scanning range.

3. The method for automatic station planning of different types of weather radars according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The step 2 specifically includes the following contents: After obtaining the longitude and latitude information of the proposed station area, the proposed station area is gridded. Each grid point represents the center of the radar. The distance between every two grid points is the theoretical maximum scanning radius R. The distance between the edge grid point and the boundary is R / 2. Each grid point within the gridded range of the proposed station area is traversed from one side to the other in turn to test the radar scanning range shielding situation at each grid point.

4. The method for automatic station planning of different types of weather radars according to claim 3 is characterized by: The step three specifically includes the following contents: When traversing each grid point, the shielding rate of the weather radar at the grid point is calculated by obtaining the terrain data of the proposed station area, and finally the shielding conditions of all grid points are obtained; All grid points are screened according to the set first constraint condition, and the grid points that meet the first constraint condition are retained.

5. The method for automatic station planning of different types of weather radars according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The step 4 specifically includes the following contents: Obtain the annual automatic station rain gauge data in the area where the radar station is planned to be built, count the rain gauge precipitation data of each station, and then use the spatial interpolation method to mark the annual average precipitation of each grid area in the gridded area; The precipitation in the area around each grid point is added up, and the result is taken as the annual average precipitation within the radar scanning range of the grid point, and the grid points that meet the first constraint condition are selected; The amount of precipitation is taken as the second constraint condition. The selected grid points are sorted according to the precipitation, and the grid points with the highest precipitation are selected as the optimal solution for radar station construction.

6. The method for automatic station planning of different types of weather radars according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step five specifically includes the following contents: Select the first type of radar site according to steps 1 to 4; Delete the radar sites of the first type after the proposed station area is selected. According to the difference between the maximum scanning radius of the second type of radar and the maximum scanning radius of the first type of radar, reset the grid spacing in step 2, and then repeat steps 1 to 4 to select the remaining radar sites of the second type.

7. An automatic station planning system for different types of weather radars, characterized by: The system includes a data acquisition module, a grid processing module, a first constraint screening module, a second constraint screening module and a networking module; The data acquisition module is configured to obtain the latitude and longitude information and terrain data of the area where the radar is to be built, perform grid processing on the area where the station is to be built according to the longitude and latitude information, calculate the shielding rate of the weather radar scanning range according to the terrain data, and determine the weather radar type, the theoretical maximum scanning radius R and the theoretical maximum scanning range; The grid processing module is configured to perform grid processing on the proposed station area after acquiring the latitude and longitude information of the proposed station area, where each grid point represents the center of the radar, the distance between each two grid points is the theoretical maximum scanning radius R, the distance between the edge grid point and the boundary is R / 2, and each grid point within the grid range of the proposed station area is traversed from one side to the other side in turn to test the scanning range shielding of the radar at each grid point position; The first constraint condition screening module is configured to count the shielding rate of the area where the radar is located, and screen the grid points that meet the shielding rate constraint condition; The second constraint condition screening module is configured to count the average annual precipitation at the grid point location to obtain the optimal radar station establishment grid point; The networking module is configured to select multiple weather radars of different types for networking when performing weather radar networking.

8. The automatic station planning system for different types of weather radars according to claim 7 is characterized by: The first constraint screening module specifically includes the following contents: When traversing each grid point, the shielding rate of the weather radar at the grid point is calculated by obtaining the terrain data of the proposed station area, and finally the shielding conditions at all grid points are obtained; All grid points are screened according to the set first constraint condition, and the grid points that meet the first constraint condition are retained.

9. The automatic station planning system for different types of weather radars according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The second constraint condition screening module specifically includes the following contents: Obtain the annual automatic station rain gauge data in the area where the radar station is planned to be built, count the rain gauge precipitation data of each station, and then use the spatial interpolation method to mark the annual average precipitation of each grid area in the gridded area; The precipitation in the area around each grid point is added up, and the result is taken as the annual average precipitation within the radar scanning range of the grid point, and the grid points that meet the first constraint condition are selected; The amount of precipitation is taken as the second constraint condition. The selected grid points are sorted according to the precipitation, and the grid points with the highest precipitation are selected as the optimal solution for radar station construction.

10. The automatic station planning system for different types of weather radars according to claim 7, characterized in that: The networking module specifically includes the following contents: Select a radar site of the first type according to the contents of the data acquisition module, the grid processing module, the first constraint screening module and the second constraint screening module executed in sequence; The radar sites of the first type after the selection of the proposed station area are deleted, and the grid spacing in the grid processing module is reset according to the difference between the maximum scanning radius of the second type of radar and the maximum scanning radius of the first type of radar. Then, the contents of the data acquisition module, the grid processing module, the first constraint condition screening module and the second constraint condition screening module are repeatedly executed to select the remaining radar sites of the second type.

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