Methods for predicting the risk of coronary artery disease in patients with chest pain and devices for daily exercise.

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of medical device technology, specifically disclosing a method for predicting the risk of coronary artery disease in patients with chest pain and a daily exercise device. The method includes the following steps: collecting clinical data from multiple samples; performing statistical analysis on the clinical data to obtain risk factors; constructing a prediction model, inputting the risk factors into the prediction model, and training the prediction model; obtaining risk factors from the electronic medical record data of chest pain patients and inputting them into the trained prediction model to predict whether the chest pain patients have coronary artery disease. This technical solution, by identifying key clinical features and establishing a prediction model, can help to identify high-risk patients in a timely manner, thereby providing a basis for early intervention and improved prognosis, and has significant clinical application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical device technology and relates to a method for predicting the risk of coronary artery disease in patients with chest pain and a daily exercise device. Background Technology

[0002] Blood enters the heart through two main coronary arteries and is nourished by a network of blood vessels on the surface of the heart muscle. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is caused by the narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques within the lumen. This narrowing leads to insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle, especially under increased demand, resulting in myocardial ischemia. Atherosclerotic plaques are soft, fatty substances that form on the inner surface of arteries through interaction with blood elements (cells and clotting factors) and blood-borne fats. Over time, atherosclerotic plaques calcify and harden. Given its high incidence, high hospitalization rate, high disability rate, and high mortality rate, early detection of coronary atherosclerosis is of paramount importance.

[0003] Patients with coronary artery disease need to engage in gentle exercises such as jogging and walking to improve their cardiopulmonary function. However, due to their generally poor physical condition, they may experience instability during exercise due to insufficient blood supply or other reasons. Therefore, a caregiver must be present to assist them in case of a fall and prevent injury. Furthermore, if the patient is heavy, one caregiver may not be sufficient for safe supervision. This necessitates significantly more manpower and time from medical staff and their families in caring for patients with coronary artery disease. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for predicting the risk of coronary artery disease in patients with chest pain and a daily exercise device to predict whether a patient with chest pain has coronary artery disease, so as to intervene in a timely manner and improve the patient's prognosis.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the basic solution of the present invention is: a method for predicting the risk of coronary artery disease in patients with chest pain, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Collect clinical data from multiple samples;

[0007] Statistical analysis was performed on the collected clinical data to identify risk factors associated with coronary artery disease;

[0008] A predictive model is built based on the identified risk factors, and the predictive model is trained.

[0009] Risk factors from electronic medical record data of patients with chest pain are obtained and input into a trained prediction model to predict whether patients with chest pain have a risk of coronary artery disease.

[0010] The working principle and beneficial effects of this basic approach are as follows: This technical approach collects clinical characteristic data of samples and screens for risk factors, using only these risk factors for subsequent prediction. This avoids problems such as slow computation speed and poor performance of the prediction model caused by too many model indicators. Based on risk factors, the prediction model predicts whether patients with chest pain have coronary artery disease. It is easy to operate, enabling timely intervention and improvement of patient prognosis.

[0011] Furthermore, for clinical data with a missing value rate ≤30%, a missing value imputation algorithm was used. The specific missing value imputation method is as follows:

[0012] Obtain the numerical values ​​of clinical data for all samples and treat the clinical data of a single sample as a set. Sort the known data of the same type as the data to be filled in a certain sample in order of size among the clinical data of all samples.

[0013] Weights are assigned to clinical feature data of all types except missing values. If any data is missing, the value is set to 0.

[0014] Clustering algorithms were used to cluster the remaining types of clinical data in the sample;

[0015] Select the data to be filled that corresponds to the cluster to which the sample belongs as the value to be filled.

[0016] Data loss occurs due to mechanical or human error causing data collection or storage failures, resulting in missing values. These missing values ​​compromise the reliability of the data, necessitating data imputation to enhance its dependability. Data with excessively high missing values ​​is of low reliability and not worth imputing; it can be directly excluded.

[0017] Furthermore, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, AUC, PLR, and NLR values ​​of the prediction model are collected. The collected data values ​​are compared with the corresponding preset value ranges to obtain the comparison difference. The prediction performance of the prediction model is evaluated based on the comparison difference.

[0018] The various data points of the prediction model are evaluated to determine its computational performance, which will enable subsequent optimization of the model and to assess its reliability.

[0019] Furthermore, the risk factors include age, monocytes, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT).

[0020] The factors mentioned above have a significant impact on coronary artery disease. Predictive models that rely solely on these risk factors to determine whether a patient with chest pain has coronary artery disease are more accurate.

[0021] Furthermore, the prediction model employs a random forest model, a GdBoost model, an XGBoost model, a CatBoost model, or a logistic regression model.

[0022] Choose the appropriate model according to your needs for ease of use.

[0023] The present invention also provides a daily exercise device for patients with coronary artery disease, including an assistive movement mechanism, a monitoring module, a human-computer interaction module, and a processing module;

[0024] The auxiliary motion mechanism includes a treadmill, a second gear, a U-shaped rack, a connecting rod, and a telescopic rod. The first gear is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the motor of the treadmill. A positioning rod is provided on the side of the first gear. The second gear is sleeved on the positioning rod. The second gear can move along the positioning rod to mesh with the first gear. The second gear is connected to a push rod.

[0025] The incomplete gear is positioned above the treadmill and at the front of the treadmill. The incomplete gear is connected to the second gear via a synchronous transmission connector. The incomplete gear is located inside the U-shaped rack. The arc end of the U-shaped rack does not have meshing teeth. One end of the connecting rod is hinged to the edge of the incomplete gear, and the other end is hinged to one end of the telescopic rod. The other end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the open end of the U-shaped rack. Grippers are connected to the hinge point between the connecting rod and the telescopic rod, as well as to the open end of the U-shaped rack.

[0026] The monitoring device is worn by the patient and is used to collect the patient's physical data;

[0027] The human-computer interaction module is located on the side of the auxiliary motion mechanism. The output end of the human-computer interaction module is connected to the processing module. The processing module executes the method described in this invention to predict whether the patient with chest pain is a patient with coronary artery disease and returns the prediction result to the human-computer interaction module for display.

[0028] The treadmill can be set up so that patients can walk or jog slowly on it. When patients need to perform upper limb movement assistance at the same time, the second gear can be pushed to mesh with the first gear. The treadmill operation drives the second gear to rotate through the first gear, and then, based on the synchronous transmission connector, drives the incomplete gear to rotate.

[0029] When the incomplete gear rotates at the arc end of the U-shaped rack, there are no meshing teeth at this arc end, so the U-shaped rack does not move. At this time, the rotation of the incomplete gear drives the connecting rod and the telescopic rod to swing. The patient can then grasp the grip at the hinge of the connecting rod and the telescopic rod to perform upper limb movements. The arm moves with the movement of the grip, allowing for multi-angle and multi-position swinging, resulting in more comprehensive movement.

[0030] The patient can grasp the gripper at the open end of the U-shaped rack and push it relative to the incomplete gear, causing the incomplete gear to mesh with the teeth on the U-shaped rack. This rotates the incomplete gear, and its teeth mesh with the teeth on one side of the U-shaped rack, causing the U-shaped rack to shift to one side. When the incomplete gear rotates and meshes with the teeth on the other side of the U-shaped rack, the U-shaped rack shifts to the other side, controlling the horizontal reciprocating movement of the U-shaped rack and thus driving the patient's arm in a horizontal bending motion. This method of assisting and guiding the patient's movement is less strenuous, makes it easier for the patient to persist, and avoids overexertion or improper posture.

[0031] If the lower limbs are not being exercised, the patient can exercise the upper limbs on their own. The patient can spontaneously grasp the gripper with their arm and push the U-shaped rack to move horizontally, or swing the connecting rod and the telescopic rod.

[0032] At the same time, the monitoring agency can monitor the patient's physical data at any time, and through the human-computer interaction module and processing module, it can check whether the patient has coronary artery disease at any time, so as to intervene in time and strengthen exercise.

[0033] Furthermore, it also includes a protective mechanism, which includes a protective plate, a support rod, an elastic protective component, a cylinder, and an airbag;

[0034] The protective plate is located at the rear of the treadmill, and the support rods are located on both sides of the protective plate. One end of the support rod is connected to the protective plate, and the other end is rotatably hinged to the frame of the treadmill. The protective plate has grooves on both sides, and a first slider is slidably connected in the grooves. The first slider is hinged to a first swing rod, and the end of the first swing rod away from the first slider is connected to a power source that controls its swing. The power source is installed on the frame or the ground, and the power source and the treadmill are at the same horizontal position.

[0035] The elastic protective member is connected to a hinge rod on the side away from the protective plate. One end of the hinge rod is hinged to the support rod, and the other end is hinged to a second swing rod. The end of the second swing rod away from the hinge rod is connected to a second slider. The second slider is slidably connected to the slide groove. The first slider is provided with a first magnetic element, and the second slider is provided with a second magnetic element that attracts the first magnetic element.

[0036] The cylinder is located on the side of the protective plate, and the airbag is located on the side of the protective plate facing the patient. A permanent magnetic ring is provided on the piston inside the cylinder, and a movable magnetic ring with opposite magnetism to the permanent magnetic ring is provided on the first slider. Gas is provided between the top of the cylinder and the piston, and the top of the cylinder is connected to the airbag through an air tube.

[0037] A protective plate and elastic protective components are installed to protect the patient during movement. A power source controls the first swing rod to swing at different angles to the horizontal plane. The first slider on the first swing rod moves synchronously and slides within a groove on the protective plate, lifting and tilting the protective plate upwards to adjust its alignment with the horizontal plane, thereby adjusting the distance and angle between the protective plate and the patient. Simultaneously, a second slider is magnetically connected to the first slider. The movement of the first slider drives the second slider to move synchronously, controlling the swing angle of the second swing rod and adjusting the opening area between the elastic protective component and the protective plate.

[0038] Furthermore, as the first slider moves upward, the magnetic force can be used to drive the piston inside the cylinder to move upward, pushing the gas inside the cylinder into the airbag and controlling the expansion of the airbag.

[0039] If a patient accidentally falls, the patient will be positioned between the elastic protective elements on both sides of the protective panel. The patient will fall onto the protective panel, where the airbags will provide shock absorption and protection, thus preventing falls and improving the safety of the exercise.

[0040] Furthermore, it also includes a distance sensor, a distance comparator, a pressure sensor, a pressure comparator, and an alarm module;

[0041] The distance sensor is disposed on the outer wall of the airbag facing the patient. The output of the distance sensor is connected to the first input of the distance comparator, and the second input of the distance comparator is connected to a distance threshold memory.

[0042] The pressure sensor is disposed on the outer wall of the airbag facing the patient. The output of the pressure sensor is connected to the first input of the pressure comparator, and the second input of the pressure comparator is connected to a pressure threshold memory.

[0043] The output of the pressure comparator is connected to the output of the distance comparator via an AND gate and then to the rise control terminal of the power source. The output of the pressure comparator is connected to the reset control terminal of the power source and the control terminal of the alarm module. The alarm module is installed on the remote terminal of the patient's family or medical staff.

[0044] A distance sensor collects the distance signal between a patient standing on the treadmill and the airbag on the protective plate, and transmits it to a distance comparator. The comparator compares the collected distance signal value with the distance threshold value stored in the distance threshold memory. A pressure comparator collects the pressure signal on the airbag. When a patient falls and lands on the airbag, the pressure signal value collected by the pressure sensor is greater than the pressure threshold value stored in the pressure threshold memory.

[0045] When the acquired distance signal value is greater than the distance threshold and the patient has not fallen, the distance comparator outputs a control signal. The pressure comparator, after passing through a NOT gate, outputs a control signal to an AND gate. The AND gate, in turn, outputs a control signal to the lifting control terminal of the power source, controlling the power source to rotate. This causes the first swing rod to swing, and the first slider, in turn, causes one side of the protective plate to swing and rise. This continues until the acquired distance signal value is less than or equal to the distance threshold. At this point, the distance comparator no longer outputs a control signal, and the power source stops.

[0046] When a patient falls and lands on the airbag, they should be laid flat to facilitate first aid and breathing. At this time, the pressure comparator outputs a control signal to the power source's reset control terminal, causing the protective plate to return to a horizontal position so the patient can lie flat. Simultaneously, the alarm module is activated to send an alarm signal, notifying the patient's family or caregivers to check the situation. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary exercise mechanism of the daily exercise device for patients with coronary artery disease according to the present invention.

[0048] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: treadmill 1, first gear 2, second gear 3, positioning rod 4, U-shaped rack 5, incomplete gear 6, connecting rod 7, telescopic rod 8, structure 9, protective plate 10, support rod 11, elastic protective component 12, cylinder 13, airbag 14, first swing rod 15, power source 16, second swing rod 17, hinge rod 18, piston 19, distance sensor 20, and pressure sensor 21. Detailed Implementation

[0049] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0050] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0051] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connection" and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two components. They can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0052] This invention discloses a method for predicting the risk of coronary artery disease in patients with chest pain, comprising the following steps:

[0053] Clinical data from multiple samples were collected, as shown in Table 1.

[0054] Statistical analysis was performed on the collected clinical data to identify risk factors associated with coronary artery disease; preferably, risk factors included age, monocytes, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT).

[0055] A predictive model is constructed based on the identified risk factors and trained on the predictive model; preferably, the predictive model adopts a random forest model, GdBoost model, XGBoost model, CatBoost model or logistic regression model.

[0056] Risk factors from electronic medical record data of patients with chest pain are obtained and input into a trained prediction model to predict whether patients with chest pain have coronary artery disease.

[0057] Clinical characteristic data of the samples were collected, and risk factors were screened. Only these risk factors were used for subsequent predictions, avoiding problems such as slow computation speed and poor performance caused by too many model indicators. The predictive model, based on risk factors, predicts whether patients with chest pain have coronary artery disease. It is easy to operate, enabling timely intervention and improvement of patient prognosis.

[0058] Table 1 Clinical data of the sample

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, missing value imputation is performed on clinical data with a missing value rate ≤30%. Specifically, the missing value imputation method is as follows:

[0062] Obtain the numerical values ​​of clinical data for all samples and treat the clinical data of a single sample as a set. Sort the known data of the same type as the data to be filled in a certain sample in order of size among the clinical data of all samples.

[0063] Weights are assigned to clinical feature data of all types except missing values. If any data is missing, the value is set to 0.

[0064] Clustering algorithms were used to cluster the remaining types of clinical data in the sample;

[0065] Select the data to be filled that corresponds to the cluster to which the sample belongs as the value to be filled.

[0066] Data loss occurs due to mechanical or human error causing data collection or storage failures, resulting in missing values. These missing values ​​compromise the reliability of the data, necessitating data imputation to enhance its dependability. Data with excessively high missing values ​​is of low reliability and not worth imputing; it can be directly excluded.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, AUC (area under the ROC curve), PLR (positive likelihood ratio), and NLR (negative likelihood ratio) values ​​of the prediction model are collected, the collected data values ​​are compared with the preset corresponding value ranges, the comparison difference is obtained, and the prediction performance of the prediction model is evaluated based on the comparison difference.

[0068] The various data points of the prediction model are evaluated to determine its computational performance, which will enable subsequent optimization of the model and to assess its reliability.

[0069] The present invention also provides a daily exercise device for patients with coronary artery disease, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes an auxiliary motion mechanism, a monitoring module, a human-computer interaction module, and a processing module.

[0070] The auxiliary motion mechanism includes a treadmill 1, a second gear 3, a U-shaped rack 5, a connecting rod 7, and a telescopic rod 8. A first gear 2 is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the motor of the treadmill 1. When the treadmill 1 starts, the motor drives the first gear 2 to rotate. A positioning rod 4 is provided on the side of the first gear 2. The positioning rod 4 can be fixedly installed (e.g., riveted, welded) on the frame of the treadmill 1. The second gear 3 is sleeved on the positioning rod 4, and the second gear 3 is rotatably connected to the positioning rod 4. The second gear 3 can move along the positioning rod 4 to mesh with the first gear 2. A push rod is connected to the end face of the second gear 3.

[0071] A frame or mounting rod of a certain height, or similar structure 9, is fixedly installed at the front end of the treadmill 1. An incomplete gear 6 is rotatably mounted at a certain height on this structure 9, positioned above and in front of the treadmill 1. A U-shaped rack 5 is slidably connected to this structure 9. The structure 9 can be configured with a horizontal groove, or it can be a telescopic rod or a lift mechanism to adjust its height. The incomplete gear 6 is connected to a second gear 3 via a synchronous transmission connector (such as a belt or transmission chain). Rotation of the second gear 3 drives the incomplete gear 6 to rotate.

[0072] The incomplete gear 6 is located inside the U-shaped rack 5. The arc end of the U-shaped rack 5 is not provided with meshing teeth. One end of the connecting rod 7 is hinged to the edge of the incomplete gear 6, and the other end is hinged to one end of the telescopic rod 8. The other end of the telescopic rod 8 is hinged to the open end of the U-shaped rack 5. Grippers are connected to the hinge point of the connecting rod 7 and the telescopic rod 8, as well as the open end of the U-shaped rack 5.

[0073] The incomplete gear 6, connecting rod 7 and telescopic rod 8 form a rocker mechanism similar to the difference. The telescopic rod 8 adopts the commonly used telescopic rod structure 9, which meets the requirements of telescopic deformation. Its length can be adjusted according to the user's needs, and its application range is wider.

[0074] The monitoring device is worn by the patient to collect the patient's physical data. A human-computer interaction module is located on the side of the assistive movement device. The output of the human-computer interaction module is connected to a processing module, which executes the method described in this invention to predict whether the patient with chest pain has coronary artery disease and returns the prediction result to the human-computer interaction module for display.

[0075] Treadmill 1 is set up so that patients can directly walk or jog on it. When patients need to perform upper limb movement assistance at the same time, the second gear 3 can be pushed to mesh with the first gear 2. The operation of treadmill 1 drives the second gear 3 to rotate through the first gear 2, and then drives the incomplete gear 6 to rotate based on the synchronous transmission connector.

[0076] When the incomplete gear 6 rotates at the arc end of the U-shaped rack 5, there are no meshing teeth at this arc end, so the U-shaped rack 5 does not move. At this time, the rotation of the incomplete gear 6 drives the connecting rod 7 and the telescopic rod 8 to swing. At this time, the patient can grasp the gripper at the hinge of the connecting rod 7 and the telescopic rod 8 to perform upper limb movements. The arm moves with the movement of the gripper, and swings at multiple angles and positions, making the movement more comprehensive.

[0077] The patient can grasp the gripper at the open end of the U-shaped rack 5 and push it relative to the incomplete gear 6, causing the incomplete gear 6 to mesh with the meshing teeth on the U-shaped rack 5. This causes the incomplete gear 6 to rotate, its teeth meshing with the meshing teeth on one side of the U-shaped rack 5, at which point the U-shaped rack 5 shifts to one side. When the incomplete gear 6 rotates and meshes with the meshing teeth on the other side of the U-shaped rack 5, the U-shaped rack 5 shifts to the other side, controlling the horizontal reciprocating movement of the U-shaped rack 5, thereby driving the patient's arm to perform a horizontal bending movement. This method of assisting and guiding the patient's movement is less strenuous, makes it easier for the patient to persist, and avoids overexertion or improper posture.

[0078] If the lower limbs are not being exercised, the patient can exercise the upper limbs on their own. The patient's arm can be used to grasp the gripper and push the U-shaped rack 5 to move horizontally, or the connecting rod 7 and the telescopic rod 8 to swing.

[0079] At the same time, the monitoring agency can monitor the patient's physical data at any time, and through the human-computer interaction module and processing module, it can check whether the patient has coronary artery disease at any time, so as to intervene in time and strengthen exercise.

[0080] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the daily exercise device further includes a protective mechanism, which includes a protective plate 10, a support rod 11, an elastic protective element 12, a cylinder 13, and an airbag 14.

[0081] A protective plate 10 is located at the rear of the treadmill 1, and support rods 11 are located on both sides of the protective plate 10. One end of the support rod 11 is connected to the protective plate 10 (e.g., by riveting, bolting, etc.), and the other end is rotatably hinged to the frame of the treadmill 1. The protective plate 10 has grooves on both sides, and a first slider is slidably connected within the grooves. A first swing rod 15 is hinged to the first slider. The end of the first swing rod 15 away from the first slider is connected to a power source 16 that controls its swing. The power source 16 is mounted on the frame or the ground, and is at the same horizontal level as the treadmill 1.

[0082] The elastic protective component 12 (such as elastic fabric, elastic deformable rubber sheet, etc.) is connected to a hinge rod 18 on the side away from the protective plate 10. One end of the hinge rod 18 is rotatably hinged to the support rod 11, and the other end is hinged to a second swing rod 17. The end of the second swing rod 17 away from the hinge rod 18 is connected to a second slider. The second slider is slidably connected to the slide groove. The first slider is provided with a first magnetic component, and the second slider is provided with a second magnetic component (such as a strong magnet; other components are made of non-magnetic materials to avoid affecting the magnetic attraction of the magnetic component).

[0083] The cylinder 13 is located on the side of the protective plate 10 and will not affect the operation of the protective plate 10. The airbag 14 is located on the side of the protective plate 10 facing the patient. The piston 19 inside the cylinder 13 is provided with a permanent magnetic ring, and the first slider is provided with a movable magnetic ring with the opposite magnetism to the permanent magnetic ring. Gas is provided between the top of the cylinder 13 and the piston 19. The top of the cylinder 13 is connected to the airbag 14 through an air tube.

[0084] A protective plate 10 and an elastic protective element 12 are installed to protect the patient during movement. A power source 16 controls the first swing rod 15 to swing at different angles to the horizontal plane (e.g., counter-clockwise swing increases height, clockwise swing decreases height). The first slider on the first swing rod 15 moves synchronously and slides within a groove on the protective plate 10, tilting the protective plate 10 upwards and adjusting its alignment with the horizontal plane, thereby adjusting the distance and angle between the protective plate 10 and the patient. Simultaneously, a second slider is magnetically connected to the first slider; movement of the first slider causes the second slider to move synchronously. The movement of the second slider controls the swing angle of the second swing rod 17, adjusting the opening area between the elastic protective element 12 and the protective plate 10.

[0085] Furthermore, during the upward movement of the first slider, the magnetic effect can be used to drive the piston 19 in the cylinder 13 to move upward, pushing the gas in the cylinder 13 into the airbag 14 and controlling the expansion of the airbag 14.

[0086] If a patient accidentally falls, the patient is located between the elastic protective elements 12 on both sides of the protective plate 10. The patient falls onto the protective plate 10, and the airbag 14 on the protective plate 10 provides shock absorption and protection, improving the safety of the exercise.

[0087] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the daily exercise device further includes a distance sensor 20, a distance comparator, a pressure sensor 21, a pressure comparator, and an alarm module.

[0088] The distance sensor 20 is mounted (e.g., by bonding, embedding, or other connection methods) on the outer wall of the airbag 14 facing the patient. The output of the distance sensor 20 is electrically connected to the first input of the distance comparator, and the second input of the distance comparator is electrically connected to a distance threshold memory.

[0089] The pressure sensor 21 is mounted (e.g., by bonding, embedding, or other connection methods) on the outer wall of the airbag 14 facing the patient. The output of the pressure sensor 21 is electrically connected to the first input of the pressure comparator, and the second input of the pressure comparator is electrically connected to a pressure threshold memory.

[0090] The output of the pressure comparator is electrically connected to the rise control terminal of the power source 16 via an AND gate after passing through an NOT gate and the output of the distance comparator. The output of the pressure comparator is electrically connected to the reset control terminal of the power source 16 and the control terminal of the alarm module. The alarm module (such as a buzzer, LED light, horn, etc.) is installed on the remote terminal (such as a mobile phone, computer, etc.) of the patient's family or medical staff.

[0091] Distance sensor 20 collects the distance signal between the patient standing on the treadmill 1 and the airbag 14 on the protective plate 10, and transmits it to the distance comparator. The distance comparator compares the collected distance signal value with the distance threshold value stored in the distance threshold memory. Pressure comparator collects the pressure signal on the airbag 14. When the patient falls and presses on the airbag 14, the pressure signal value collected by pressure sensor 21 is greater than the pressure threshold value stored in the pressure threshold memory.

[0092] When the acquired distance signal value is greater than the distance threshold and the patient has not fallen, the distance comparator outputs a control signal, and the pressure comparator, after passing through a NOT gate, outputs a control signal to an AND gate. The AND gate, in turn, outputs a control signal to the lifting control terminal of the power source 16, controlling the power source 16 to rotate. This causes the first swing rod 15 to swing, and the first slider, in turn, causes one side of the protective plate 10 to swing and rise. This continues until the acquired distance signal value is less than or equal to the distance threshold. At this point, the distance comparator no longer outputs a control signal, and the power source 16 stops.

[0093] When a patient falls and lands on the airbag 14, the patient should be laid flat to facilitate first aid and breathing. At this time, the pressure comparator outputs a control signal to the reset control terminal of the power source 16, causing the protective plate 10 to reset to a horizontal position so the patient can lie flat. Simultaneously, the alarm module is activated to send an alarm signal, notifying the patient's family or caregivers to check the situation.

[0094] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0095] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A daily exercise device for patients with chest pain, characterized in that, It includes an assistive motion mechanism, a monitoring module, a human-computer interaction module, and a processing module; The auxiliary motion mechanism includes a treadmill, a second gear, a U-shaped rack, a connecting rod, and a telescopic rod. The first gear is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the motor of the treadmill. A positioning rod is provided on the side of the first gear. The second gear is sleeved on the positioning rod. The second gear can move along the positioning rod to mesh with the first gear. The second gear is connected to a push rod. An incomplete gear is positioned above and at the front of the treadmill. The incomplete gear is connected to the second gear via a synchronous transmission connector. The incomplete gear is located inside a U-shaped rack. The arc end of the U-shaped rack does not have meshing teeth. One end of the connecting rod is hinged to the edge of the incomplete gear, and the other end is hinged to one end of the telescopic rod. The other end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the open end of the U-shaped rack. Grippers are connected to the hinge point between the connecting rod and the telescopic rod, as well as to the open end of the U-shaped rack. The monitoring module is worn on the patient and is used to collect the patient's physical data; The human-computer interaction module is located on the side of the auxiliary motion mechanism. The output end of the human-computer interaction module is connected to the processing module. The processing module executes the coronary artery disease risk prediction method for patients with chest pain, predicts whether the patient with chest pain is a patient with coronary artery disease, and returns the prediction result to the human-computer interaction module for display. The method for predicting the risk of coronary artery disease in patients with chest pain includes the following steps: Collect clinical data from multiple samples; Statistical analysis was performed on the collected clinical data to identify risk factors associated with coronary artery disease; A predictive model is built based on the identified risk factors, and the predictive model is trained. Risk factors from electronic medical record data of patients with chest pain are obtained and input into a trained prediction model to predict whether patients with chest pain have a risk of coronary artery disease. The daily exercise device for patients with chest pain also includes a protective mechanism, which includes a protective plate, a support rod, an elastic protective component, a cylinder, and an airbag; The protective plate is located at the rear of the treadmill, and the support rods are located on both sides of the protective plate. One end of the support rod is connected to the protective plate, and the other end is rotatably hinged to the frame of the treadmill. The protective plate has grooves on both sides, and a first slider is slidably connected in the grooves. The first slider is hinged to a first swing rod, and the end of the first swing rod away from the first slider is connected to a power source that controls its swing. The power source is installed on the frame or the ground, and the power source and the treadmill are at the same horizontal position. The elastic protective member is connected to a hinge rod on the side away from the protective plate. One end of the hinge rod is hinged to the support rod, and the other end is hinged to a second swing rod. The end of the second swing rod away from the hinge rod is connected to a second slider. The second slider is slidably connected to the slide groove. The first slider is provided with a first magnetic element, and the second slider is provided with a second magnetic element that attracts the first magnetic element. The cylinder is located on the side of the protective plate, and the airbag is located on the side of the protective plate facing the patient. A permanent magnetic ring is provided on the piston inside the cylinder, and a movable magnetic ring with opposite magnetism to the permanent magnetic ring is provided on the first slider. Gas is provided between the top of the cylinder and the piston, and the top of the cylinder is connected to the airbag through an air tube.

2. The daily exercise device for patients with chest pain as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a distance sensor, a distance comparator, a pressure sensor, a pressure comparator, and an alarm module; The distance sensor is disposed on the outer wall of the airbag facing the patient. The output of the distance sensor is connected to the first input of the distance comparator, and the second input of the distance comparator is connected to a distance threshold memory. The pressure sensor is disposed on the outer wall of the airbag facing the patient. The output of the pressure sensor is connected to the first input of the pressure comparator, and the second input of the pressure comparator is connected to a pressure threshold memory. The output of the pressure comparator is connected to the output of the distance comparator via an AND gate and then to the rise control terminal of the power source. The output of the pressure comparator is connected to the reset control terminal of the power source and the control terminal of the alarm module. The alarm module is installed on the remote terminal of the patient's family or medical staff.

3. The daily exercise device for patients with chest pain as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the method for predicting the risk of coronary artery disease in patients with chest pain, missing value imputation was performed on clinical data with a missing value rate ≤30%. The specific missing value imputation method is as follows: Obtain the numerical values ​​of clinical data for all samples and treat the clinical data of a single sample as a set. Sort the known data of the same type as the data to be filled in a certain sample in order of size among the clinical data of all samples. Weights are assigned to clinical feature data of all types except missing values. If any data is missing, the value is set to 0. Clustering algorithms were used to cluster the remaining types of clinical data in the sample; Select the data to be filled that corresponds to the cluster to which the sample belongs as the value to be filled.

4. The daily exercise device for patients with chest pain as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the method for predicting the risk of coronary artery disease in patients with chest pain, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, AUC, PLR and NLR values ​​of the prediction model are collected. The collected data values ​​are compared with the corresponding preset value ranges to obtain the comparison difference. The prediction performance of the prediction model is evaluated based on the comparison difference.

5. The daily exercise device for patients with chest pain as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the method for predicting the risk of coronary artery disease in patients with chest pain, the risk factors include age, monocytes, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT).

6. The daily exercise device for patients with chest pain as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the method for predicting the risk of coronary artery disease in patients with chest pain, the prediction model adopts a random forest model, a GdBoost model, an XGBoost model, a CatBoost model, or a logistic regression model.

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