A tool for calibrating rack engagement force and a calibration method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to rack detection technical field, specifically to a kind of for calibrating rack engagement force tool and its calibration method.The tool for calibrating rack engagement force, including loading module.Loading module is equipped with tooth slot, tooth slot is equipped with first support part and second support part, first support part is used to contact with the upper tooth surface of gear tooth, second support part is used to contact with the side tooth surface of gear tooth, first support part and second support part are long strip, first support part and second support part are parallel with the extension direction of tooth slot.By installing loading module to gear tooth, and cooperate with the cooperation of tensioned component and jacking component, select appropriate centroid to establish moment balance equation, only need to measure a small amount of data, gear tooth engagement force can be calculated, using the engagement force of gear tooth, can cooperate other measurement mode, realize the calibration of the engagement force of gear tooth, to solve the problem that current market lacks the tool for calibrating rack engagement force.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rack detection, and in particular to a tool for calibrating rack engagement force and a calibration method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Rack transportation system is widely welcomed because it can provide strong climbing power in complex terrain, especially in mountainous terrain. The most critical part of the rack transportation system is the meshing transmission system of the gear and the rack, which provides a larger climbing power for the running train through the meshing transmission between the gear and the rack. In order to formulate scientific and reasonable rack railway technical standards, it is necessary to determine the performance of various parameters of the key components of the rack through a large number of experimental researches, especially the engagement force of the rack. The engagement force is an important parameter for evaluating the performance of the rack system, predicting the service life and ensuring the operation safety. The engagement force of the rack refers to the contact pressure of the side tooth surface of the rack tooth when it is in contact with the gear. However, there is a lack of tool devices for calibrating such engagement force in the current market, and it is urgent to develop a tool device for calibrating the engagement force of the rack and a method for applying the same. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to overcome the deficiency of the prior art that lacks tool devices for calibrating the engagement force of the rack, and provides a tool device for calibrating the engagement force of the rack and a calibration method thereof.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a tool device for calibrating the engagement force of the rack, comprising

[0005] A loading module is provided with a tooth slot, the tooth slot is provided with a first support part and a second support part, the first support part is used to contact the upper tooth surface of the rack tooth, and the second support part is used to contact the side tooth surface of the rack tooth, the first support part and the second support part are both long strips, and the first support part and the second support part are parallel to the extension direction of the tooth slot.

[0006] The loading module can be connected with a tension member and a supporting member. The contact force between the second support part and the side tooth surface of the rack tooth is the engagement force of the rack tooth.

[0007] The present application provides a device for calibrating the meshing force of a rack rail, which aligns the tooth slot with one side of the rack tooth, and contacts the first support part with the upper tooth surface of the rack tooth, and contacts the second support part with the side tooth surface of the rack tooth, and then installs the loading module on the rack tooth. The pulling part and the supporting part are connected to the loading module at predetermined positions, and the loading module is subjected to a pressure load in the direction of the tooth slot by the supporting part, the pulling part is subjected to a pulling force, the first support part is subjected to a support force from the upper tooth surface, and the second support part is subjected to a support force from the side tooth surface. According to the measured values of the pressure and the pulling force, a point on the extension line of the support force on the second support part is selected as the barycenter, and the distance between the barycenter and each force is measured and calculated. By establishing a moment balance equation for the barycenter, the support force on the second support part can be calculated, which is the meshing force of the rack tooth. By the cooperation of the device and the pulling part and the supporting part, only a small amount of data needs to be measured to calculate the meshing force of the rack tooth. The meshing force of the rack tooth can be used in combination with other measurement methods to calibrate the meshing force of the rack tooth. This means that after calibration, the meshing force of the rack tooth can be indirectly measured by using the other measurement methods, without the need for complex calculations again, thereby solving the problem of the lack of devices for calibrating the meshing force of a rack rail in the current market.

[0008] The shape of the tooth slot can be various, such as a circular arc, a U shape or a V shape. The shape of the tooth slot can also be adapted to the rack tooth to ensure that no other part contacts the rack tooth except the first support part and the second support part. This is to avoid the interference of other parts with the rack tooth during the test of the meshing force of the rack rail, so as to ensure accurate measurement of the meshing force.

[0009] The cross-sectional shape of the first support part and the second support part can also be various, such as a rectangle, a trapezoid, a triangle, a parabola, an arc or a semicircle.

[0010] Preferably, the tooth slot is a V-shaped slot having two oppositely inclined slot surfaces, and the first support part and the second support part are located on the two slot surfaces respectively. The slot surface having the first support part is parallel to the upper tooth surface, and the slot surface having the second support part is parallel to the side tooth surface. The upper part of the rack tooth of the rack rail is generally isosceles trapezoidal in shape, so the two slot surfaces of the V-shaped slot are parallel to the upper tooth surface and the side tooth surface respectively, which makes the shape of the tooth slot adapt to the shape of the rack tooth, facilitating the installation of the loading module on the rack tooth.

[0011] Preferably, the first support part has a trapezoidal cross-section, and the second support part has a rectangular cross-section.

[0012] Preferably, the loading module is provided with a groove on the same side as the tooth slot. When the tensioned component is a steel cable or a steel wire rope, the groove can be used to assist the connection between the loading module and the tensioned component, and to strengthen the effect of the connection. The steel cable or the steel wire rope can be sleeved on the groove, thereby facilitating the connection and preventing the steel cable or the steel wire rope from sliding.

[0013] Preferably, the loading module is provided with two parallel support plates located at the two ends of the extension direction of the tooth slot, and the distance between the two support plates is greater than the width of the tooth rail. A detachable crossbar is arranged between the two support plates, and the crossbar is located on one side of the bottom surface of the tooth rail. The line between the crossbar and the first support part is perpendicular to the upper tooth surface. The crossbar can be in contact with the bottom surface of the tooth rail, or there can be a certain gap between the crossbar and the bottom surface of the tooth rail. This scheme can make the connection between the loading module and the tooth rail more stable. Since the line between the crossbar and the first support part is perpendicular to the upper tooth surface, the contact force between the crossbar and the bottom surface of the tooth is collinear with the support force borne by the first support part. When a point on the extension line of the support force borne by the first support part is selected as a centroid, the extension line of the contact force between the crossbar and the bottom surface of the tooth will pass through the centroid, and the torque generated by the centroid is zero, which does not increase the complexity of the original torque balance equation.

[0014] Preferably, the loading module is provided with a top support seat located on the side opposite to the tooth slot. The top support seat is used to connect with the top head of the top support component, thereby strengthening the connection and avoiding the sliding of the connection point.

[0015] In the second aspect, the present application provides a method for calibrating the engagement force of a tooth rail, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1: A strain gauge is attached along the tangent direction of the transition arc of the tooth root of the tooth of the tooth rail to be tested at the position where the transition arc intersects with the dangerous section determined by the Hoff 30° tangent method. The dangerous section determined by the Hoff 30° tangent method refers to the tangent point where a straight line with a 30° included angle with the tooth profile symmetry line is tangent to the tooth root transition curve, and the section passing through the two tangent points and parallel to the tooth rail axis.

[0017] S2: install the loading module to the tooth with strain gauges in step S1, so that the first support part is in contact with the upper tooth surface of the tooth, and the second support part is in contact with the side tooth surface of the tooth; apply lubricating paste on the upper tooth surface in contact with the first support part and the side tooth surface in contact with the second support part. The lubricating paste can reduce the friction between the first support part and the upper tooth surface, and also reduce the friction between the second support part and the side tooth surface, so that the influence of the friction on the moment balance equation can be ignored in the subsequent step.

[0018] S3: connect one end of the tension member to the loading module and the other end to the fixed object; connect one end of the jacking member to the loading module and the other end to the fixed object; the position and the direction of the force of the connection of the tension member and the jacking member to the loading module need to make the loading module generate pressure between the first support part and the upper tooth surface and generate pressure between the second support part and the side tooth surface when subjected to force; and the axes of the tension member and the jacking member need to be coplanar with the pressure between the first support part and the upper tooth surface and the pressure between the second support part and the side tooth surface.

[0019] S4: apply pressure load to the loading module using the jacking member, and obtain the pressure value of the jacking member, the tension value of the tension member, and the strain value of the strain gauges.

[0020] S5: select a point on the extension line of the support force borne by the first support part as the barycenter, establish a moment balance equation based on the barycenter, solve the moment balance equation, and calculate the support force borne by the second support part, which is the meshing force F of the tooth, the moment balance equation is as follows:

[0021] F·L+N2·L2+N3·L3=0

[0022] Wherein, F represents the meshing force of the tooth; L represents the distance from the barycenter to the extension line of the support force borne by the second support part; N2 represents the pressure value of the jacking member, and when the moment generated by the pressure of the jacking member is opposite in direction to the moment generated by the support force borne by the second support part, N2 takes a positive value, otherwise N2 takes a negative value; L2 represents the distance from the barycenter to the extension line of the axial direction of the jacking member; N3 represents the tension value of the tension member, and when the moment generated by the tension of the tension member is opposite in direction to the moment generated by the support force borne by the second support part, N3 takes a positive value, otherwise N3 takes a negative value; L3 represents the distance from the barycenter to the extension line of the axial direction of the tension member. It should be noted that the meshing force of the tooth is also the meshing force of the tooth rail.

[0023] S6: change the pressure load exerted by the top support component on the loading module, repeat steps S4 and S5 to obtain a plurality of sets of meshing force F and corresponding strain values, establish a relationship curve of meshing force F and strain value, and complete the calibration of the rack rail meshing force.

[0024] The present application provides a kind of rack rail meshing force calibration method, by obtaining the pressure value of top support component, the tension value of tension component, and the distance of centroid to the axial extension line of top support component, the distance of centroid to the axial extension line of tension component, and the distance of centroid to the support force borne by the second support part, and based on the centroid, establish moment balance equation and solve, obtain the meshing force of the gear tooth, also measure the strain value of the strain gauge.By a plurality of sets of test, the relationship curve of meshing force and strain value can be established, and the effect of rack rail meshing force calibration can be achieved.

[0025] After calibrating the rack rail meshing force, the relationship curve of meshing force and strain value is obtained, and in the subsequent occlusion force test, only need to paste strain gauge at the position of the transition arc of the root of the gear tooth of the rack rail to be tested and intersected with the dangerous cross section determined by Hoff 30 ° tangent method, then load the rack rail to be tested, measure the strain value of the strain gauge, and then according to the relationship curve of meshing force and strain value, the occlusion force of the rack rail to be tested can be quickly obtained.

[0026] When the tension component is connected with the loading module, the axis of the tension component can be parallel or inclined to the axis of the rack rail.When the top support component is connected with the loading module, the axis of the top support component can be parallel or inclined to the axis of the rack rail.Specifically, for example: case one, the tooth groove of the loading module faces right side and is installed on the gear tooth of the rack rail, the rack rail is horizontally placed, the tension component is connected above the left side of the loading module, and the axis of the tension component is inclined upward with an angle of 30 ° to the horizontal direction, the top support component is connected below the left side of the loading module, and the axis of the top support component is inclined upward with an angle of 15 ° to the horizontal direction;case two, the tooth groove of the loading module faces right side and is installed on the gear tooth of the rack rail, the rack rail is horizontally placed, the tension component is connected above the left side of the loading module, the axis of the tension component is inclined upward with an angle of 45 ° to the horizontal direction, and the top support component is connected below the left side of the loading module, and the axis of the top support component is consistent with the horizontal direction.

[0027] When selecting the centroid, the centroid cannot fall on the extension line of the axis of the tension component and the extension line of the axis of the top support component at the same time, and the centroid cannot fall on the extension line of the support force borne by the second support part, so as to avoid leading to no solution of moment balance equation or unable to accurately solve the meshing force.

[0028] Preferably, in step S3, the axes of the tensioned component and the top support component are arranged parallel to the axis of the toothed rail. This scheme can facilitate the measurement and calculation of the distance from the centroid to the axial extension line of the top support component and the distance from the centroid to the axial extension line of the tensioned component.

[0029] Preferably, in step S2 and step S3, two loading modules are installed on the same toothed rail to be tested in a way that the tooth grooves of the two loading modules face away from each other and are connected to two different teeth, one of which is the tooth with the strain gauge in step S1, and the tensioned component and the top support component are connected between the two loading modules, the top support component is located directly below the tensioned component, and the axes of the tensioned component and the top support component are parallel to the axis of the toothed rail; the upper tooth surface and the side tooth surface of the two teeth are coated with lubricating paste. This scheme makes it unnecessary to use additional fixtures for connection with the tensioned component or the top support component when testing the meshing force of the toothed rail, and realizes an internal force self-balancing mechanism through the interaction between the two loading modules, the top support component, the tensioned component, and the measured toothed rail, thereby improving the convenience of testing.

[0030] Preferably, in step S5, the intersection of the extension line of the axis of the tensioned component and the extension line of the support force borne by the first support component is taken as the centroid, and a moment balance equation is established based on the centroid, the moment balance equation being:

[0031] F·L=N2·L2

[0032] wherein F represents the meshing force of the tooth, L represents the distance from the centroid to the extension line of the support force borne by the second support component, N2 represents the pressure value of the top support component, N2 being positive, and L2 represents the distance from the centroid to the axial extension line of the top support component. In this scheme, the moment generated by the tension of the tensioned component is zero, which reduces the measurement and calculation of forces and force arms and improves the convenience and efficiency of testing the meshing force.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0034] 1. The present application provides a tool for calibrating the meshing force of a toothed rail. By installing the loading module on the tooth and cooperating with the tensioned component and the top support component, and selecting a suitable centroid to establish a moment balance equation, only a small amount of data needs to be measured to calculate the meshing force of the tooth. The meshing force of the tooth can be used in combination with other measurement methods to calibrate the meshing force of the tooth, thereby solving the problem of the lack of tools for testing the meshing force of the toothed rail in the current market.

[0035] 2. The present application provides a rack engagement force calibration method, by obtaining the pressure value of the top support component, the tension value of the tension component, and measuring and calculating the distance of the centroid to the axial extension line of the top support component, the distance of the centroid to the axial extension line of the tension component, and the distance of the centroid to the extension line of the support force borne by the second support component, and based on the centroid, establishing a moment balance equation and solving, obtaining the engagement force of the tooth, and also measuring the strain value of the strain gauge. Through multiple sets of tests, the relationship curve of engagement force and strain value can be established, and the calibration effect of rack engagement force can be achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic view of the tooling of Example 1.

[0037] Figure 2 A perspective view of the tooling of Example 1.

[0038] Figure 3 A first force analysis diagram of the tooling of Example 1.

[0039] Figure 4 A second force analysis diagram of the tooling of Example 1.

[0040] Figure 5 A schematic view of two toolings of Example 1 symmetrically placed on the rack for testing engagement force.

[0041] Figure 6 A schematic view of the tooling of Example 2.

[0042] Figure 7 A perspective view of the tooling of Example 2.

[0043] Figure 8 A schematic view of a rack with strain gauges attached.

[0044] Markings in the figure:

[0045] 1 - loading module,

[0046] 2 - tooth slot,

[0047] 3 - first support part,

[0048] 4 - second support part,

[0049] 5 - tension component,

[0050] 6 - top support component,

[0051] 7 - groove,

[0052] 8 - tooth,

[0053] 81 - upper tooth surface, 82 - side tooth surface,

[0054] 9-support plate,

[0055] 10-crossbar,

[0056] 11-top support seat,

[0057] 12-strain gauge,

[0058] 13-dangerous cross section,

[0059] O-centroid. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The application will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood, however, that the above-mentioned subject matter of the application is not limited to the following embodiments, but any technology achieved based on the content of the application falls within the scope of the application.

[0061] In the description of the embodiments of the application, the terms of orientation or positional relationship such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "center", "inner", "outer", etc. are expressed based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / device / apparatus of the application is usually placed. These terms of orientation or positional relationship are only used to facilitate the description of the application or simplify the description in the embodiments, to facilitate the quick understanding of the scheme by the skilled person, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the application.

[0062] In addition, if the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel", etc. appear, it does not mean that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal or vertical or overhanging or parallel, but can be slightly inclined or deviated. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element is arranged in the direction of "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel", etc., and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably an error / deviation of ±8% or less, more preferably an error / deviation of ±6% or less, more preferably an error / deviation of ±5% or less, and more preferably an error / deviation of ±4% or less. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its role in the scheme of the application.

[0063] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. appearing in the terms are only used to distinguish the description of the same or similar components, and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of the specific components.

[0064] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, “several” “a plurality of” “several” represents at least 2. It can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, etc. Any case, it can even be more than 9 cases.

[0065] In addition, in the description of the technical solutions of the present application, unless otherwise specified / limited / limited, the terms “set” “install” “connect” “connect” “set” “lay” “arrange” should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected, which can be welding, riveting, bolting, screwing and other commonly used connection means in the art. The connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or communication connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication between two elements.

[0066] Embodiment 1

[0067] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 A tool for calibrating the engagement force of the toothed rail includes a loading module 1.

[0068] The loading module 1 is provided with a tooth groove 2, and the tooth groove 2 is provided with a first support part 3 and a second support part 4. The first support part 3 is used to contact the upper tooth surface 81 of the tooth 8 of the toothed rail, and the second support part 4 is used to contact the side tooth surface 82 of the tooth 8. The first support part 3 and the second support part 4 are both long strips, and the first support part 3 and the second support part 4 are parallel to the extension direction of the tooth groove 2. The material strength of the loading module 1 needs to meet certain requirements, and the specific material can be steel or cast iron.

[0069] The loading module 1 can be connected with a tension member 5 and a supporting member 6. The tension member 5 can be provided with a tension sensor for measuring the tension value of the tension member 5. The supporting member 6 can be provided with a pressure sensor for measuring the pressure value of the supporting member 6.

[0070] The tension member 5 can be a rod, a steel cable or a steel wire rope. When the tension member 5 is a rod, the tension member 5 is hinged with the loading module 1. When the tension member 5 is a steel cable or a steel wire rope, the connection mode of the tension member 5 and the loading module 1 is a lasso connection or a clamp connection. The supporting member 6 can be a hydraulic piston rod or a jack. The connection mode of the supporting member 6 and the loading module 1 can be abutting or hinged.

[0071] In an optional embodiment, the tooth groove 2 can be a V-shaped groove, the V-shaped groove has two opposite inclined groove surfaces, the first support part 3 and the second support part 4 are respectively located on the two groove surfaces, the groove surface with the first support part 3 is parallel to the upper tooth surface 81, and the groove surface with the second support part 4 is parallel to the side tooth surface 82. Specifically, when the angle between the upper tooth surface 81 and the side tooth surface 82 is 100°, the angle between the two groove surfaces of the V-shaped groove is also 100°.

[0072] In an optional embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the first support part 3 can be a right trapezoid, and the cross-sectional shape of the second support part 4 can be a rectangle. The protrusion height of the first support part 3 and the second support part 4 can be 5mm-10mm, and the specific protrusion height can be 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm or 10mm.

[0073] In an optional embodiment, the loading module 1 can be provided with a groove 7, and the groove 7 is located on the same side of the loading module 1 as the tooth groove 2. The cross-sectional shape of the groove 7 can be U-shaped.

[0074] Embodiment 2

[0075] On the basis of the tool for calibrating the meshing force of the tooth rail in embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 6 、 Figure 7 the loading module 1 is provided with two support plates 9 arranged side by side, the two support plates 9 are respectively located at the two ends of the extension direction of the tooth groove 2, the distance between the two support plates 9 is greater than the width of the tooth rail, for example, the distance between the two support plates 9 is 42mm, and the width of the tooth rail is 40mm. A detachable cross bar 10 is arranged between the two support plates 9, the cross bar 10 is located on one side of the bottom surface of the tooth rail, the two ends of the cross bar 10 are respectively connected in the holes of the two support plates 9, the cross-sectional shape of the cross bar 10 is matched with the holes, and the cross bar 10 is connected in interference, and the cross-sectional shape of the cross bar 10 can be rectangular or circular. The line connecting the cross bar 10 and the first support part 3 is perpendicular to the upper tooth surface 81.

[0076] In an optional embodiment, the loading module 1 can be provided with a top support seat 11, and the top support seat 11 is located on the side of the loading module 1 opposite to the tooth groove 2. The top support seat 11 can be a component with a circular groove, and the circular groove is matched with the top head of the top support component 6.

[0077] Embodiment 3

[0078] This embodiment illustrates how to use the tool for calibrating the meshing force of the tooth rail in embodiment 1 to calibrate the meshing force of the tooth rail. A method for calibrating the meshing force of the tooth rail, comprising the following steps:

[0079] S1: at the position of the transition arc of the root of the tooth 8 of the rack to be tested and intersecting the dangerous section 13 determined by the Hoff 30° tangent method, a strain gauge 12 is pasted along the tangent direction of the transition arc, as shown in Figure 8

[0080] S2: the loading module 1 is installed on the tooth 8 to which the strain gauge 12 is pasted in step S1, so that the first support part 3 is in contact with the upper tooth surface 81 of the tooth 8 and the second support part 4 is in contact with the side tooth surface 82 of the tooth 8. As shown in Figure 3 The rack to be tested can be fixed horizontally on the ground, and the tooth 8 faces upwards. Lubricating paste is applied on the upper tooth surface 81 in contact with the first support part 3 and the side tooth surface 82 in contact with the second support part 4.

[0081] S3: one end of the tension member 5 is connected with the loading module 1, and the other end is connected with a fixed object; one end of the jacking member 6 is connected with the loading module 1, and the other end is connected with a fixed object; the positions where the tension member 5 and the jacking member 6 are connected with the loading module 1 and the directions of the forces need to be such that, when the loading module 1 is under stress, the first support part 3 and the upper tooth surface 81 generate pressure, and the second support part 4 and the side tooth surface 82 generate pressure; and the axes of the tension member 5 and the jacking member 6 need to be coplanar with the pressure generated between the first support part 3 and the upper tooth surface 81 and the pressure generated between the second support part 4 and the side tooth surface 82.

[0082] Specifically, as shown in Figure 3 The tension member 5 is connected to the upper left of the loading module 1, the axis of the tension member 5 is inclined downward, and the included angle with the horizontal direction is 15°. The jacking member 6 is connected to the lower left of the loading module 1, and the axis of the jacking member 6 is in the horizontal direction. The axes of the tension member 5, the jacking member 6 and the rack are in the same plane.

[0083] S4: the jacking member 6 is used to apply a pressure load to the loading module 1, and the pressure value of the jacking member 6 and the tension value of the tension member 5, as well as the strain value of the strain gauge 12 are obtained. The pressure value of the jacking member 6 and the tension value of the tension member 5 can be obtained through a pressure sensor and a tension sensor respectively. The strain gauge 12 can be connected to a Wheatstone bridge through a 1 / 4 bridge connection mode, so as to measure and obtain the strain value.

[0084] S5: a point on the extension line of the support force borne by the first support part 3 is selected as the centroid O, a moment balance equation is established based on the centroid O, the moment balance equation is solved, and the support force borne by the second support part 4, i.e. the meshing force F of the tooth 8, is calculated. The moment balance equation is as follows:

[0085] F·L+N2·L2+N3·L3=0

[0086] ​Wherein, F represents the meshing force of the gear teeth 8; L represents the distance from the center of the moment O to the extension line of the supporting force borne by the second support part 4; N2 represents the pressure value of the top support member 6. When the torque generated by the pressure of the top support member 6 is opposite in direction to the torque generated by the supporting force borne by the second support part 4, N2 takes a positive value, otherwise N2 takes a negative value; L2 represents the distance from the center of the moment O to the axial extension line of the top support member 6; N3 represents the tension value of the tension member 5. When the torque generated by the tension member 5 is opposite in direction to the torque generated by the supporting force borne by the second support part 4, N3 takes a positive value, otherwise N3 takes a negative value; L3 represents the distance from the center of the moment O to the axial extension line of the tension member 5.

[0087] S6: Change the pressure load applied by the top support component 6 to the loading module 1, repeat steps S4 and S5, obtain multiple sets of meshing forces F and corresponding strain values, establish the relationship curve between meshing force F and strain value, and complete the calibration of the gear meshing force.

[0088] In an optional embodiment, in step S3, the axes of the tension member 5 and the support member 6 can be arranged parallel to the axis of the gear rail.

[0089] In an optional implementation, steps S2 and S3 can be replaced with, for example... Figure 5 As shown, two loading modules 1 are mounted on the same gear rail to be tested with their tooth grooves 2 facing back to back. The tooth grooves 2 of the two loading modules 1 mate with two different gear teeth 8, one of which is the gear tooth 8 with strain gauge 12 attached in step S1. The tension member 5 and the support member 6 are both connected between the two loading modules 1, with the support member 6 located directly below the tension member 5. The axes of both the tension member 5 and the support member 6 are parallel to the axis of the gear rail. Lubricating grease is applied to the upper tooth surface 81 and the side tooth surface 82 of the two gear teeth 8.

[0090] In an optional implementation, step S5 can be replaced with, for example... Figure 4 As shown, the intersection of the extension line of the axis of the tension member 5 and the extension line of the supporting force borne by the first support part 3 is taken as the moment center O. Based on the moment center O, a moment balance equation is established, which is:

[0091] F·L=N2·L2

[0092] Where F represents the meshing force of the gear teeth 8; L represents the distance from the center of the radius O to the extension line of the supporting force borne by the second support part 4; N2 represents the pressure value of the top support component 6, with N2 taking a positive value; and L2 represents the distance from the center of the radius O to the axial extension line of the top support component 6.

[0093] The process of obtaining a set of specific calibration data using the tooling and calibration method for calibrating gear meshing force provided by this invention is as follows:

[0094] As Figure 4 shown, in the arrangement of the axis of the tensioned component 5 and the top support component 6 parallel to the axis of the rack, the intersection of the extension line of the axis of the tensioned component 5 and the extension line of the support force borne by the first support 3 is taken as the barycenter O, after the loading is implemented, the following specific values are obtained by measurement, N2=1000 N, L2=0.2 m, L3=0 m, L=0.37 m, the strain value of the strain gauge 12 is 0.0012.

[0095] The moment balance equation is established based on the barycenter O, and the moment balance equation is as follows:

[0096] F·L=N2·L2

[0097] N2=1000 N, L2=0.2 m, L=0.37 m are brought into the moment balance equation, and the following can be obtained:

[0098] F×0.37=1000×0.2

[0099] The moment balance equation is solved, and the following can be obtained:

[0100] F=540.541

[0101] The meshing force of the rack is 540.541 N, and the corresponding strain value is 0.0012.

[0102] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of calibrating a rack engagement force, characterized by, The application discloses a device for calibrating the meshing force of a rack rail, and the device comprises a loading module (1) provided with a rack groove (2), wherein the rack groove (2) is provided with a first supporting part (3) and a second supporting part (4), the first supporting part (3) is used for contacting an upper tooth surface (81) of a tooth (8) of the rack rail, the second supporting part (4) is used for contacting a side tooth surface (82) of the tooth (8), the first supporting part (3) and the second supporting part (4) are both in a strip shape, and the first supporting part (3) and the second supporting part (4) are both parallel to the extending direction of the rack groove (2). S1: a strain gauge (12) is pasted in the tangential direction of a transition arc of a tooth root of a tooth (8) of a rack rail to be tested and at the position intersecting a dangerous cross section (13) determined by using a Hoff 30° tangent method; S2: the loading module (1) is installed on the tooth (8) pasted with the strain gauge (12) in step S1, so that the first supporting part (3) contacts the upper tooth surface (81) of the tooth (8), and the second supporting part (4) contacts the side tooth surface (82) of the tooth (8); lubricating paste is applied on the upper tooth surface (81) contacting the first supporting part (3) and the side tooth surface (82) contacting the second supporting part (4); S3: one end of a tension member (5) is connected with the loading module (1), and the other end is connected with a fixed object; one end of a supporting member (6) is connected with the loading module (1), and the other end is connected with the fixed object; the position and the direction of the force of the connection of the tension member (5) and the supporting member (6) with the loading module (1) are required to be such that, when the loading module (1) is stressed, the first supporting part (3) and the upper tooth surface (81) generate a pressure, and the second supporting part (4) and the side tooth surface (82) generate a pressure; and the axes of the tension member (5) and the supporting member (6) are required to be coplanar with the pressure generated between the first supporting part (3) and the upper tooth surface (81) and the pressure generated between the second supporting part (4) and the side tooth surface (82); S4: the supporting member (6) is used to apply a pressure load on the loading module (1), and the pressure value of the supporting member (6), the tension value of the tension member (5) and the strain value of the strain gauge (12) are obtained. S5: selecting a point as a centroid (O) on the extension line of the support force borne by the first support part (3), establishing a moment balance equation based on the centroid (O), solving the moment balance equation, and calculating the support force borne by the second support part (4), i.e. the meshing force of the gear tooth (8) F , and the moment balance equation is as follows: wherein, F represents the meshing force of the gear teeth (8); L represents the distance from the center of gravity (O) to the extension line of the support force received by the second support part (4); N 2 represents the pressure value of the top support part (6), and when the moment generated by the pressure of the top support part (6) is opposite to the direction of the moment generated by the support force received by the second support part (4), N 2 takes a positive value, otherwise N 2 takes a negative value; L 2 represents the distance from the center of gravity (O) to the axial extension line of the top support part (6); N 3 represents the tension value of the tension part (5), and when the moment generated by the tension of the tension part (5) is opposite to the direction of the moment generated by the support force received by the second support part (4), N 3 takes a positive value, otherwise N 3 takes a negative value; L 3 represents the distance from the center of gravity (O) to the axial extension line of the tension part (5); S6: change the pressure load applied by the top support component (6) on the loading module (1), repeat steps S4 and S5 to obtain multiple sets of meshing forces F and corresponding strain values, establish a relationship curve of meshing forces F and strain values, complete the calibration of the rack rail meshing force.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein In step S3, the axes of the tension member (5) and the supporting member (6) are arranged parallel to the axis of the rack rail.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein In step S2 and step S3, the two loading modules (1) are installed on the same rack rail to be tested with the tooth slots (2) facing away from each other, and the tooth slots (2) of the two loading modules (1) are connected with two different teeth (8), one of which is the tooth (8) with the strain gauge (12) in step S1, the tension member (5) and the supporting member (6) are connected between the two loading modules (1), the supporting member (6) is located directly below the tension member (5), and the axes of the tension member (5) and the supporting member (6) are parallel to the axis of the rack rail; the upper tooth surface (81) and the side tooth surface (82) of the two teeth (8) are coated with lubricating paste.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein In step S5, the intersection of the extension line of the axis of the tension member (5) and the extension line of the supporting force borne by the first supporting part (3) is taken as the barycenter (O), and a moment balance equation is established based on the barycenter (O), which is: wherein F represents the meshing force of the tooth (8); L represents the distance of the extension line of the second support part (4) from the support force received by the second support part (4); N 2 represents the pressure value of the top support part (6), N 2 takes a positive value; L 2 represents the distance of the extension line of the top support part (6) from the axial direction of the top support part (6).

5. A method of calibrating rack engagement forces according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The tooth slot (2) is a V-shaped slot, the V-shaped slot has two opposite inclined slot surfaces, the first supporting part (3) and the second supporting part (4) are located on the two slot surfaces respectively, the slot surface with the first supporting part (3) is parallel to the upper tooth surface (81), and the slot surface with the second supporting part (4) is parallel to the side tooth surface (82).

6. The method of claim 5, wherein The cross-sectional shape of the first supporting part (3) is a right trapezoid, and the cross-sectional shape of the second supporting part (4) is a rectangle.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein The loading module (1) is provided with a groove (7), and the groove (7) is located on the same side of the loading module (1) as the tooth slot (2).

8. The method of claim 5, wherein, The loading module (1) is provided with two supporting plates (9) arranged side by side, the two supporting plates (9) are located at two ends of the extension direction of the tooth slot (2) respectively, the distance between the two supporting plates (9) is greater than the width of the rack rail, a detachable cross bar (10) is arranged between the two supporting plates (9), the cross bar (10) is located on one side of the bottom surface of the rack rail, and the connecting line between the cross bar (10) and the first supporting part (3) is perpendicular to the upper tooth surface (81).

9. The method of claim 5, wherein The loading module (1) is provided with a supporting seat (11), and the supporting seat (11) is located on the side of the loading module (1) opposite to the tooth slot (2).

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