Seed selection method for vegetable soybean seed size

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant seed selection, and discloses a seed selection method for vegetable soybean seed size, which comprises the following steps: obtaining N soybean varieties to be selected; determining target seed selection characteristics and target seed selection rules according to the N soybean varieties; and performing optimized seed selection on N types of soybeans between a flowering period and a seed filling period according to the target seed selection characteristics and the target seed selection rule. Preferably, the step of determining the target seed selection characteristics and the target seed selection rule according to the N soybean varieties comprises the step of respectively obtaining N seed selection characteristics of the N soybean varieties; calculating the selected probability of each seed selection feature, and taking the seed selection feature with the highest selected probability as a target seed selection feature; and obtaining a target seed selection rule corresponding to the target seed selection feature according to the target seed selection feature. According to the method, when seed selection is carried out based on the grain width, the grain width of vegetable soybean grains is remarkably different after flowering for 30 days, and therefore seed selection is carried out according to the seed selection rule that the grain width is larger than or equal to 9.8 mm after flowering for 30 days.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of plant breeding, and in particular relates to a method for breeding vegetable soybean seeds of different sizes. Background Art

[0002] Vegetable soybeans are a type of special soybeans. Large grains (i.e., large 100-grain weight) are their notable characteristics and are also the basic standard for their variety selection and breeding. Grain size can be measured by grain length, grain width, grain thickness and their derived indicators, 100-grain weight and other traits, among which 100-grain weight is a direct indicator.

[0003] In the prior art, the seed size of vegetable soybeans is generally selected during the fresh-eating period 50 days after flowering (i.e., when the grains are fully swollen) or after the seeds mature based on the 100-grain weight, but selection cannot be made during the grain development process, resulting in a disadvantage of low seed selection efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for breeding vegetable soybean seeds of size.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for breeding vegetable soybean seeds of different sizes, comprising:

[0007] Obtain N soybean varieties to be selected;

[0008] Determine the target selection characteristics and target selection rules based on N soybean varieties;

[0009] The target seed selection characteristics and the target seed selection rules are used to optimize the selection of N types of soybeans between the flowering stage and the grain filling stage.

[0010] Preferably, determining the target seed selection characteristics and target seed selection rules according to N soybean varieties includes:

[0011] Obtain N selection characteristics of N soybean varieties respectively;

[0012] Calculate the selection probability of each selection feature, and take the selection feature with the highest selection probability as the target selection feature;

[0013] According to the target seed selection characteristics, corresponding target seed selection rules are obtained.

[0014] Preferably, the probability of selection of each selection feature is calculated as follows: Among them, w i It is expressed as the number of times the i-th selection feature appears among N selection features.

[0015] Preferably, the steps of respectively obtaining N selection characteristics of N soybean varieties include:

[0016] Determine multiple characteristics of target soybean varieties to be selected;

[0017] Calculate the correlation between each feature of the selected species and the standard feature;

[0018] The most relevant selection feature is selected as the selection feature of the target soybean variety.

[0019] Preferably, the target seed selection rules include plant seed selection rules and grain seed selection rules.

[0020] Preferably, the plurality of characteristics to be selected include grain length, grain width and grain thickness.

[0021] Preferably, the standard characteristic is 100-grain weight.

[0022] Preferably, when the target seed selection feature is grain width, the target seed selection rule is grain width ≥ 9.8 mm.

[0023] Preferably, the step of performing seed selection according to the seed selection rule comprises:

[0024] Cultivating the soybeans to be selected to between the flowering stage and the grain filling stage;

[0025] Pod samples were randomly picked from cultivated soybean plants manually;

[0026] Peel off the pod samples to obtain soybean kernels;

[0027] Measure the width of soybean kernels.

[0028] Preferably, when the target seed selection characteristic is grain width, the target variety soybean between the flowering stage and the grain filling stage is the target variety soybean 30 days after flowering.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The breeding method of the present invention obtains selection rules by selecting the characteristics to be selected that are most correlated with 100-grain weight. Specifically, when selecting based on grain width, the grain width of vegetable soybean seeds reaches a significant difference 30 days after flowering. Therefore, grain selection is carried out according to the selection rule of grain width ≥ 9.8 mm 30 days after flowering. Compared with selecting by 100-grain weight, the selection efficiency can be effectively improved. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] A method for breeding vegetable soybean seeds of different sizes, comprising:

[0033] S1. Obtain N soybean varieties to be selected;

[0034] S2. Determine multiple characteristics of each soybean variety to be selected (determine multiple characteristics of the target soybean variety to be selected); such as soybean seed length, seed width and seed thickness;

[0035] S3. Calculate the correlation between each feature of the selected variety and the standard feature (100-grain weight);

[0036] S4. selecting a seed selection characteristic with the highest correlation as the seed selection characteristic of the corresponding (target) soybean variety;

[0037] S5. Combine N selection characteristics of N soybean varieties and calculate the selection probability of each selection characteristic Among them, w i It is expressed as the number of occurrences of the i-th selection feature among N selection features;

[0038] S6. selecting the selection feature with the highest selection probability as the target selection feature of the N soybean varieties;

[0039] S7. Obtaining target selection rules corresponding to the target selection characteristics according to the target selection characteristics; and the target selection rules specifically include plant selection rules and seed selection rules;

[0040] S8. Optimize seed selection for N types of soybeans between the flowering stage and the grain filling stage using the target seed selection characteristics and the target seed selection rules.

[0041] Based on the above breeding method, in order to obtain the correlation between each characteristic to be selected and the standard characteristic (100-grain weight), the grain shape-related traits of the following different soybean varieties at different periods (20d / 30d / 40d / 50d) were studied.

[0042] (1) Determine the target selection characteristics and target selection rules based on N soybean varieties

[0043] Table 1 shows the performance of grain-shaped related traits of different soybean varieties at different stages

[0044]

[0045]

[0046] In Table 1 above, Zhonghuang 13 and Qihuang 34 are representatives of grain soybeans, and Tongdou 6 and Huaixiandou 6 are representatives of vegetable soybeans. Capital letters represent the results of multiple comparisons between different periods, and lowercase letters represent the results of multiple comparisons between different genotypes. The same letters represent no significant differences, and different letters represent significant differences. It can be seen that:

[0047] There was a significant difference between grain soybeans and vegetable soybeans at 30 days after flowering, that is, the value of vegetable soybeans was much higher than that of grain soybeans;

[0048] The grain width trait increases with the development period, but the grain width of grain-type soybeans is only 8.93mm when it is the highest (50d), while the grain width of vegetable-type soybeans is the smallest at 9.79mm when it is the lowest (30d), that is, there is an obvious breakpoint at 9.8mm in the grain width trait of different soybean varieties.

[0049] Table 2 shows the results of correlation analysis between grain shape related traits

[0050]

[0051] It can be seen from Table 2 above that: when the development period is not considered, the correlation between grain width and 100-grain weight reaches 0.68, and when the development period is considered, the correlation reaches 1 during the critical development period (30d / 50d), that is, there is an absolute correlation between grain width and 100-grain weight.

[0052] In summary, when grain width is used as the target selection feature, the grain width of soybean seeds will reach a significant difference 30 days after flowering. Then, the target selection rule based on grain width is: select soybean varieties with grain width ≥ 9.8 mm 30 days after flowering.

[0053] (2) Plant selection

[0054] Cultivate the soybeans to be selected to between the flowering stage and the grain filling stage (30 days after flowering);

[0055] Select soybean plants with vigorous plant growth, few insect pests, and uniform pods.

[0056] (3) Seed selection

[0057] Pod samples were randomly picked from cultivated soybean plants manually;

[0058] Peel off the pod samples to obtain soybean kernels;

[0059] Measure the width of soybean seeds and select soybean varieties with a width ≥ 9.8 mm.

[0060] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for breeding vegetable soybean seeds of different sizes, characterized in that: include: Obtain N soybean varieties to be selected; Determine the target selection characteristics and target selection rules based on N soybean varieties; The target seed selection characteristics and the target seed selection rules are used to optimize the selection of N types of soybeans between the flowering stage and the grain filling stage.

2. The method for selecting and breeding vegetable soybean seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of determining target seed selection characteristics and target seed selection rules according to N soybean varieties includes: Obtain N selection characteristics of N soybean varieties respectively; Calculate the selection probability of each selection feature, and take the selection feature with the highest selection probability as the target selection feature; According to the target seed selection characteristics, corresponding target seed selection rules are obtained.

3. The method for selecting and breeding vegetable soybean seeds according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calculation of the probability of selection of each selection feature is: Among them, w i It is expressed as the number of times the i-th selection feature appears among N selection features.

4. The method for selecting and breeding vegetable soybean seeds according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method of respectively obtaining N selection characteristics of N soybean varieties includes: Determine multiple characteristics of target soybean varieties to be selected; Calculate the correlation between each feature of the selected species and the standard feature; The most relevant selection feature is selected as the selection feature of the target soybean variety.

5. The method for selecting and breeding vegetable soybean seeds according to claim 4, characterized in that: The target seed selection rules include plant seed selection rules and grain seed selection rules.

6. The method for selecting and breeding vegetable soybean seeds according to claim 5, characterized in that: The plurality of characteristics to be selected include grain length, grain width and grain thickness.

7. The method for selecting and breeding vegetable soybean seeds according to claim 6, characterized in that: The standard characteristic is 100-kernel weight.

8. The method for selecting and breeding vegetable soybean seeds according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the target seed selection characteristic is grain width, the grain selection rule is grain width ≥ 9.8 mm.

9. The method for selecting and breeding vegetable soybean seeds according to claim 8, characterized in that: The steps of performing seed selection according to the seed selection rule include: Cultivating the soybeans to be selected to between the flowering stage and the grain filling stage; Pod samples were randomly picked from cultivated soybean plants manually; Peel off the pod samples to obtain soybean kernels; Measure the width of soybean kernels.

10. The method for selecting and breeding vegetable soybean seeds according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the target selection characteristic is grain width, the target variety soybeans between the flowering stage and the grain filling stage are the target variety soybeans 30 days after flowering.

Images