Railway wagon chassis manufacturing process and chassis bidirectional automatic clamping device

Abstract

The railway wagon chassis manufacturing process and the chassis bidirectional automatic clamping device comprise the following steps that firstly, beams of a chassis are assembled and conveyed to a front face automatic welding station to be welded; step 2, clamping the middle beam of the underframe by overturning an underframe bidirectional automatic clamping device of the automatic welding station, and welding; 3, installing and welding the chassis cover plate at the cover plate installing and welding station; 4, chassis floor assembling is conducted on a floor assembling station; 5, the chassis is turned over by 180 degrees through a reverse face automatic welding station, and welding seams at the flat position of the turned chassis are welded; sixthly, floor reverse welding seams are welded at the floor reverse welding station; and 7, welding seams of all the overturning positions are subjected to manual supplementary welding, and the welding seams are conveyed to a front face automatic welding station to complete manufacturing of the railway wagon chassis. According to the railway wagon chassis manufacturing process, a crown block does not need to be adopted for sequence transfer, and automatic manufacturing of railway open wagons and railway flat wagons on the same production line can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a railway freight car underframe manufacturing device, in particular to a railway freight car underframe bidirectional automatic clamping device and an underframe manufacturing process. Background Art

[0002] Railway freight cars are important railway freight vehicles in my country. Railway freight cars are mainly divided into open cars, flat cars, tank cars, and covered cars. All types of railway freight cars contain chassis. Therefore, the manufacture of chassis is an important part of railway freight car manufacturing. The typical structure of the chassis is as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown in the figure, they are open wagon underframe and flat wagon underframe, and their underframes are mainly composed of middle beam, side beam, end beam, cross beam, etc. The structure of tank wagon underframe and covered wagon underframe is similar to that of open wagon underframe.

[0003] The manufacture of the chassis is the process of assembling, welding, and correcting the deformation of the beams. The chassis has many accessories. After some accessories are assembled on the special tooling, the welds of these accessories must be welded before other accessories can be assembled. Otherwise, the welds of the accessories assembled later will cover the welds, making it impossible to weld the welds of the accessories assembled in the previous process. In order to ensure the strength of the welds, the welds of the accessories of the chassis must be welded in a flat position, which requires that the welds of the accessories of the chassis must be welded in a flat position during the manufacturing process. Figure 3 , Figure 4 The chassis center beam is shown clamped and flipped.

[0004] In the past, chassis manufacturing was to set up a certain area of ​​manufacturing area in the factory, and place various assembly stations and welding stations according to a certain process flow. After the processing and manufacturing at each station was completed, an overhead crane was used to transfer the order. The entire process was a manual process with low efficiency and high cost. The manufacturing process could not adapt to the automated production line; the existing chassis clamping and flipping technology could not adapt to the automatic clamping of the chassis; the existing chassis clamping and flipping technology could not adapt to the bidirectional clamping of the chassis, making the manufacturing process wasteful and not lean. In order to improve the automation of the chassis manufacturing process, reduce labor intensity, improve efficiency, save costs, and realize the digital manufacturing production line of the chassis with human-machine collaboration, it is necessary to develop new process flows for chassis manufacturing and new chassis clamping and flipping technologies. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problems that the existing railway freight car underframe manufacturing process needs to use an overhead crane for sequence transfer, the entire process is a manual process, and the efficiency is low and the cost is high. A railway freight car underframe manufacturing process and a two-way automatic clamping device for the underframe are provided, which can realize the automatic manufacturing of railway open car underframes and railway flat car underframes on the same production line.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A railway freight car chassis manufacturing process, which is special in that it includes the following steps:

[0008] Step 1, assemble the beams of the chassis and send them to the front automatic welding station, weld the horizontal position weld of the chassis when the chassis is placed horizontally at 0°, and after completion, send the chassis to the flip automatic welding station; the chassis is an open car chassis or a flat car chassis;

[0009] Step 2: Clamp the center beam of the chassis by the chassis bidirectional automatic clamping device on the gantry flipping device at both ends of the flipping automatic welding station, flip the chassis 90° and 180° in sequence, and weld the horizontal welds of the chassis at the two flipping positions respectively. After completion, flip the chassis to the horizontal 0° in step 1 and send it to the cover plate assembly welding station;

[0010] Step 3: At the cover plate assembly and welding station, the RGV automatic flow process vehicle is used to support the assembly and welding of the chassis cover plate; after completion, the chassis is sent to the floor assembly station;

[0011] Step 4: At the floor assembly station, the chassis floor is assembled with the support of the RGV automatic flow process vehicle; after completion, it is sent to the reverse automatic welding station;

[0012] Step 5: Clamp the center beam of the chassis through the chassis bidirectional automatic clamping device on the gantry flipping device at both ends of the reverse automatic welding station, flip the chassis 180° so that the bottom of the chassis faces upward, weld the flat position weld of the flipped chassis, and after completion, keep the bottom of the chassis facing upward and send it to the reverse welding station of the floor;

[0013] Step 6: At the welding station on the reverse side of the floor, the RGV automatic flow process vehicle is used to support the welding of the weld seam on the reverse side of the floor. After completion, the weld seam is sent to the chassis flip manual welding station;

[0014] Step 7: The gantry flipping device at the manual welding station of the chassis flips the middle beam of the chassis, flips the chassis at different angles, and manually supplements the welding of the welds at each flipping position. After welding, the chassis is flipped to a horizontal 0° and sent to the front automatic welding station to complete the manufacturing of the railway freight car chassis.

[0015] Furthermore, the step 2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0016] Step 2.1, the RGV automatic flow process vehicle moves the chassis to the initial setting position of the flip automatic welding station;

[0017] Step 2.2, completely clamping the bottom frame middle beam from the top of the bottom frame downwards through the bottom frame bidirectional automatic clamping device on the flip gantry crossbeam of the gantry flipping device;

[0018] Step 2.3, control the gantry flipping device to move the flip gantry beam upward, and after reaching the set distance, the RGV automatic flow process vehicle moves out to both ends of the flip automatic welding station;

[0019] Step 2.4, the gantry flipping device automatically flips 90 degrees under control, and the robot welding devices on both sides of the flipping automatic welding station weld the flat position weld of the chassis in this state;

[0020] Step 2.5, continue to automatically flip the chassis 180°, and the robot welding device welds the flat position weld in this state;

[0021] Step 2.6, the chassis is automatically flipped to a horizontal 0°, the RGV automatic flow process vehicle moves to the middle to the initial set position, the flip gantry beam of the gantry flipping device moves downward by a set distance, the two-way automatic clamping device is released, the chassis falls onto the RGV automatic flow process vehicle, and is sent to the cover plate assembly welding station.

[0022] Furthermore, in step 2.2, the specific steps of completely clamping the center beam of the chassis are:

[0023] Step 2.2.1, the electric control cylinder of the two-way automatic clamping device of the chassis receives the signal and pushes out the cylinder head, and the head drives the self-locking pin to move downward in the pin groove of the clamping hook mounting seat;

[0024] Step 2.2.2, the self-locking pin drives the self-locking rod to move, pushing the clamping hook from the top of the base frame downward to clamp the base frame middle beam;

[0025] Step 2.2.3, the lock cylinder pushes out the shift rod to block the clamping hook so that it cannot rotate. At this time, the chassis is fully clamped.

[0026] Furthermore, in step 5, the step of clamping the center beam of the chassis is specifically as follows:

[0027] Step 5.1, the gantry flipping device at both ends of the reverse automatic welding station moves downward by a set distance so that the upper plane of the flipping gantry beam is lower than the lower plane of the bottom frame middle beam;

[0028] Step 5.2, after the gantry turning devices at both ends move toward the middle of the base frame by a set distance, the crossbeam continues to move upward by a set distance, so that the bidirectional automatic clamping device on the turning gantry crossbeam of the gantry turning device is located below the base frame;

[0029] Step 5.3, the bidirectional automatic clamping device completely clamps the center beam of the base frame from the bottom of the base frame upwards.

[0030] Furthermore, in step 5.3, the specific steps of completely clamping the center beam of the chassis are:

[0031] Step 5.3.1, the electric control cylinder of the two-way automatic clamping device of the chassis receives the signal and pushes out the cylinder head, and the head drives the self-locking pin to move upward in the pin groove of the clamping hook mounting seat;

[0032] Step 5.3.2, the self-locking pin drives the self-locking rod to move, pushing the clamping hook to clamp the middle beam of the base frame upward from the bottom of the base frame;

[0033] Step 5.3.3, the lock cylinder pushes out the shift rod to block the clamping hook so that it cannot rotate. At this time, the center beam of the chassis is fully clamped.

[0034] A two-way automatic clamping device for a railway freight car chassis, which is special in that it includes a flip clamping head base, an electric control oil cylinder, a clamping hook, a self-locking rod, a self-locking pin and a clamping hook mounting seat.

[0035] The clamping hook mounting seat is arranged on the flip chuck base, and a groove that can accommodate the center beam of the chassis is arranged in the middle of the clamping hook mounting seat. There are two electric-controlled oil cylinders, which are respectively arranged at the two ends of the flip chuck base, and each electric-controlled oil cylinder is connected to a self-locking rod. There are two clamping hooks, which are arranged in the clamping hook mounting seat and are respectively hingedly connected to the lower end of the self-locking rod. A self-locking pin is arranged at the connecting end of the electric-controlled oil cylinder and the self-locking rod. Through the action of the electric-controlled oil cylinder, the self-locking pin moves up and down to realize the self-locking of the clamping hook.

[0036] Furthermore, it also includes a locking cylinder arranged on the flip clamp base, and the locking cylinder is used to achieve position locking of the clamping hook.

[0037] Furthermore, a pin groove for the self-locking pin to move up and down is provided on the clamping hook mounting seat.

[0038] Furthermore, the clamping hook is connected to the clamping hook mounting seat by a round pin, and the clamping hook is connected to the self-locking rod by a round pin.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0040] 1. The railway freight car chassis manufacturing process of the present invention can realize the automatic manufacturing of railway open cars and railway flat cars on the same production line, avoiding the equipment and site investment for building two production lines;

[0041] 2. The railway freight car chassis manufacturing process of the present invention reduces the number of flips by two times compared with the prior art, thus avoiding the investment in flipping equipment and reducing the ineffective time waste of chassis clamping and flipping.

[0042] 3. The bidirectional automatic clamping device for the chassis of the present invention has clamping hooks arranged on both sides, and a space is reserved in the middle of the clamping hook mounting seat to accommodate the center beam, thereby realizing automatic clamping of the center beam of the open car in both the forward and reverse directions, making the chassis automated manufacturing process efficient and safe.

[0043] 4. The bidirectional automatic clamping device for the chassis of the present invention can move the self-locking pin up and down in the pin groove under the action of the electric control cylinder, so that the clamping hook can self-lock after clamping the middle beam; a locking cylinder is installed on the flip chuck base, and after the clamping hook locks the middle beam of the chassis, the clamping hook is prevented from opening accidentally, so that the chassis can be clamped automatically and reliably. The clamping device is designed with double locking to prevent the chassis from falling accidentally; the flipping process takes about 5 minutes, which is 5 minutes less for each vehicle, and 75 minutes will be saved for 15 vehicles per shift, greatly improving manufacturing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an open car underframe in the background technology of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a flatbed car chassis in the background technology of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the middle beam of the open car chassis in the background technology of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the center beam of the flat car chassis in the background technology of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of an underframe flipping automatic welding station in an embodiment of a railway freight car underframe manufacturing process of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of clamping the middle beam of the open wagon chassis from top to bottom in the manufacturing process embodiment of the railway freight car chassis of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of clamping the center beam of the flat car chassis from top to bottom in the manufacturing process embodiment of the railway freight car chassis of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of clamping the middle beam of the open car underframe from bottom to top when the open car underframe is 0° in the manufacturing process embodiment of the railway freight car underframe of the present invention;

[0052] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of clamping the middle beam of the open car frame from bottom to top when the open car frame is 180 degrees in the manufacturing process embodiment of the railway freight car frame of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the use state of the embodiment of the bidirectional automatic clamping device for the railway freight car underframe of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.11 for Fig.10 A-direction view;

[0055] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of a clamping hook mounting seat in an embodiment of a bidirectional automatic clamping device for a railway freight car chassis of the present invention;

[0056] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals:

[0057] 1-RGV automatic flow process vehicle, 2-gantry turning device, 3-underframe processing station, 4-robot welding device, 5-bidirectional automatic clamping device, 6-turning gantry beam, 7-turning chuck base, 8-electrically controlled cylinder, 9-locking cylinder, 10-clamping hook, 11-underframe, 12-self-locking rod, 13-self-locking pin, 14-clamping hook mounting seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0059] The present invention provides a railway freight car chassis manufacturing process, the process flow includes the following steps:

[0060] Chassis assembly process → chassis front automatic welding process → chassis flip automatic welding process → chassis cover assembly and welding process → chassis floor assembly process → chassis back automatic welding process → chassis floor back automatic welding process → chassis flip manual welding process → chassis floor front automatic welding process → chassis correction process.

[0061] The chassis manufacturing process is carried out at chassis processing station 3, and the RGV process vehicle automatically transfers the sequence. Each time the sequence is transferred, the process vehicle supports the chassis to automatically walk the distance set by the program.

[0062] Step 1: Chassis assembly and chassis front automatic welding process

[0063] After the beams of the chassis are assembled, the RGV automatic flow process vehicle 1 walks the distance set by the program and sends the chassis to the automatic welding process on the front side of the chassis. The chassis at this station is supported by the RGV automatic flow process vehicle 1 and placed horizontally at 0°. The robot welding devices 4 on both sides of the station weld the welds in the flat position of the chassis. After welding, the robot welding device 4 is reset.

[0064] Step 2: Automatic welding process of chassis flipping

[0065] like Figure 5As shown, the RGV automatic flow process vehicle 1 automatically travels a set distance to reach the chassis flip automatic welding station, and the crossbeams of the gantry flip devices 2 (the flip gantry is a fixed position) at both ends of this station move downward by a set distance; the electric control cylinder 8 receives the signal and pushes out the cylinder head, and the head drives the self-locking pin 13 to move downward in the pin groove of the clamping hook mounting seat 14, driving the self-locking rod 12 to move, pushing the clamping hook 10 from the top of the chassis to clamp the chassis middle beam downward. After the clamping hook 10 clamps the chassis middle beam, the locking cylinder 9 pushes out the gear rod to block the clamping hook 10 so that it cannot rotate, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 shown.

[0066] The flip gantry beam 6 at both ends of the station moves the chassis upward by a set distance, the RGV automatic flow process vehicle 1 walks to both ends of the station by a set distance (making room for the chassis to flip), the flip motor on the flip gantry beam 6 automatically flips 90° under program control, and then the robot welding devices 4 on both sides of the station weld the flat position weld of the chassis at 90°. Then it automatically flips 180° (at this time, the chassis is 270°), and the robot welding devices 4 on both sides of the station weld the flat position weld of the chassis at this time. After welding is completed, the chassis is automatically flipped to a horizontal 0°, the RGV automatic flow process vehicle 1 at both ends of the station walks to the middle to the initial position, and after the flip gantry beam 6 moves downward by a set distance, the lock gear cylinder 9 resets, driving the gear lever to reset, and the electric control cylinder 8 resets after receiving the signal, driving the self-locking pin 13 to move upward in the pin groove, so that the clamping hook 10 rotates and releases, and the chassis falls on the RGV automatic flow process vehicle 1, and then the flip gantry beam 6 resets and rises.

[0067] Step 3: Assembly and welding of chassis cover

[0068] The RGV automatic flow process vehicle 1 travels a set distance to deliver the chassis to the cover plate assembly and welding station. The chassis at this station is placed horizontally at 0° and supported by the RGV automatic flow process vehicle 1 to complete the assembly and welding of the cover plate.

[0069] Step 4: Assembly of chassis floor

[0070] RGV automatic flow process vehicle 1 travels a set distance to reach the floor assembly station. The base frame of this station is also in a horizontal 0° position and is supported by RGV automatic flow process vehicle 1 to complete the assembly of the base frame floor (the flat car is the cover and rainproof board).

[0071] Step 5: Automatic welding process on the back of the chassis

[0072] The RGV automatic flow process vehicle 1 travels a set distance to deliver the chassis to the automatic welding station on the back of the chassis. At the automatic welding station on the back of the chassis (the floor of the open car chassis has been assembled at this time, and the clamping device cannot clamp the middle beam from top to bottom), the flip gantry beams 6 at both ends move downward a set distance, so that the upper plane of the flip gantry beams 6 is lower than the lower plane of the chassis middle beam, and then the gantry flipping devices 2 at both ends travel a set distance toward the middle of the chassis (the gantry beam is below the chassis at this time), and the flip gantry beams 6 move upward a set distance. Figure 8 As shown, the electronically controlled oil cylinder 8 receives the signal and pushes out the oil cylinder head, which drives the self-locking pin 13 to move upward in the pin groove of the clamping hook mounting seat, drives the self-locking rod 12 to move, and pushes the clamping hook 10 to clamp the center beam of the chassis from the bottom of the chassis upward. After the clamping hook 10 clamps the center beam of the chassis, the locking cylinder 9 pushes out the shift rod to block the clamping hook 10 and prevent it from rotating.

[0073] For the flat car frame, this station completes the clamping of the frame center beam according to step 2.

[0074] The flip gantry beams 6 at both ends move the chassis upwards a set distance, the RGV automatic flow process vehicle 1 walks a set distance to both ends of the workstation (to make room for the chassis to flip), and the flip motor on the gantry flip device 2 automatically flips to 180° (the bottom of the chassis faces upward) under program control for robot automatic welding.

[0075] After this process is completed, the chassis remains facing up (180°), the RGV automatic flow process vehicle 1 at both ends of the workstation moves to the middle to the initial position, and after the flip gantry beam 6 moves downward by a set distance, the lock cylinder 9 is reset, driving the gear lever to reset, and the electric control cylinder 8 is reset after receiving the signal, driving the self-locking pin 13 to move upward in the pin groove, so that the clamping hook 10 is rotated and released, and the chassis falls on the RGV automatic flow process vehicle 1, and then the flip gantry beam 6 is reset and raised, and the gantry flipping device 2 moves to both ends and resets.

[0076] Step 6: Automatic welding process of the back side of the chassis floor

[0077] The RGV automatic flow process vehicle 1 delivers the chassis to the welding station on the reverse side of the chassis floor (the bottom of the chassis faces upward at this time), and the robot automatic welding of the weld on the reverse side of the floor is completed by the RGV automatic flow process vehicle 1.

[0078] Step 7: Manual welding process of chassis flipping

[0079] RGV automatic flow process vehicle 1 delivers the chassis to the chassis flip manual welding station, and completes the chassis middle beam clamping according to step 2. Fig. 9As shown, the chassis is flipped, and the welds that the robot did not weld are manually welded. After the manual welding is completed, the chassis is flipped to face up (0°), and the RGV automatic flow process vehicle 1 at both ends of the station moves to the middle to the initial position. After the flip gantry beam 6 moves downward by a set distance, the lock cylinder 9 is reset, driving the gear lever to reset, and the electric control cylinder 8 is reset after receiving the signal, driving the self-locking pin 13 to move downward in the pin groove, so that the clamping hook 10 rotates and releases, and the chassis falls on the RGV automatic flow process vehicle 1, and then the gantry flip device 2 moves to both ends to reset, and the flip gantry beam 6 is raised and reset again.

[0080] Step 8: Automatic welding process of the front side of the chassis floor

[0081] The RGV automatic flow process vehicle 1 delivers the chassis to the automatic welding station on the front side of the chassis, and the chassis at this station is supported by the RGV automatic flow process vehicle 1 to complete the welding.

[0082] Step 9: Chassis calibration process

[0083] The RGV automatic flow process vehicle 1 delivers the chassis to the chassis correction station to complete the manufacturing of the chassis.

[0084] like Fig.10 , Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, the present invention also proposes a two-way automatic clamping device for the chassis, which specifically includes: a flip clamp base 7, an electric control cylinder 8, a locking cylinder 9, a clamping hook 10, a chassis 11, a self-locking rod 12, a self-locking pin 13, and a clamping hook mounting seat 14. The clamping hooks 10 of the two-way automatic clamping device for the chassis are arranged on both sides, and a space is reserved in the middle of the clamping hook mounting seat 14 to accommodate the middle beam, so as to realize automatic clamping of the middle beam of the open car in both the forward and reverse directions, so as to make the automatic manufacturing process of the chassis efficient and safe.

[0085] An electric control oil cylinder 8 and a clamping hook mounting seat 14 are installed on the flip chuck base 7, and two clamping hooks 10 are installed between the two clamping hook mounting seats 14. The clamping hook 10 and the clamping hook mounting seat 14 are connected by a round pin. The clamping hook 10 is connected to the self-locking rod 12 through the round pin. The other end of the self-locking rod 12 is connected to the top of the electric control oil cylinder 8 through the self-locking pin 13, and the self-locking pin 13 is connected to the pin groove of the clamping hook mounting seat 14. Under the action of the electric control oil cylinder 8, the self-locking pin 13 can move up and down in the pin groove to realize self-locking after the clamping hook 10 is clamped to the middle beam. Figure 6 A locking cylinder 9 is installed on the flip clamp base 7. After the clamping hook 10 locks the center beam of the chassis, the locking cylinder 9 pushes out the shift rod, which penetrates into the pin holes of the two clamping hook mounting seats 14 to block the clamping hook 10. Even if the self-locking function of the clamping hook 10 fails, the clamping hook 10 cannot rotate to prevent the clamping hook from accidentally opening. This makes the chassis automated manufacturing process efficient and safe.

[0086] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A railway freight car chassis manufacturing process, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, assembling the beams of the chassis (11) in pairs, sending them to the front automatic welding station, welding the horizontal position weld of the chassis when the chassis is placed horizontally at 0°, and after completion, sending the chassis to the flip automatic welding station; the chassis (11) is an open car chassis or a flat car chassis; Step 2, clamping the center beam of the base frame by the base frame bidirectional automatic clamping device (5) on the gantry turning device (2) at both ends of the turning automatic welding station, turning the base frame 90° and 180° in sequence, welding the flat position welds of the base frame at the two turning positions respectively, and after completion, turning the base frame to the horizontal 0° in step 1 and sending it to the cover plate assembly welding station; Step 3, at the cover plate assembly and welding station, supported by the RGV automatic flow process vehicle (1), the base frame cover plate is assembled and welded; after completion, the base frame is sent to the floor assembly station; Step 4: At the floor assembly station, the chassis floor is assembled with the support of the RGV automatic flow process vehicle (1); after completion, it is sent to the reverse automatic welding station; Step 5, clamp the center beam of the chassis through the chassis bidirectional automatic clamping device (5) on the gantry flipping device (2) at both ends of the reverse automatic welding station, flip the chassis 180 degrees so that the bottom of the chassis faces upward, weld the flat position weld of the flipped chassis, and after completion, keep the bottom of the chassis facing upward and send it to the reverse welding station of the floor; Step 6: At the floor back welding station, supported by the RGV automatic flow process vehicle (1), the back weld of the floor is welded. After completion, it is sent to the chassis flip manual welding station; Step 7, the gantry turning device (2) of the manual welding position of the chassis turns over clamps the center beam of the chassis, turns the chassis at different angles, and manually supplements the welding of the welds at each turning position. After welding is completed, the chassis is turned over to a horizontal angle of 0° and sent to the front automatic welding position to complete the manufacture of the railway freight car chassis.

2. The manufacturing process of railway freight car chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 2 specifically includes the following steps: Step 2.1, the RGV automatic flow process vehicle (1) moves the chassis to the initial setting position of the flip automatic welding station; Step 2.2, the base frame bidirectional automatic clamping device (5) on the flip gantry cross beam (6) of the gantry flipping device (2) completely clamps the base frame middle beam from the top of the base frame downward; Step 2.3, controlling the gantry turning beam (6) of the gantry turning device (2) to move upward, and after reaching the set distance, the RGV automatic flow process vehicle (1) moves out to both ends of the turning automatic welding station; Step 2.4, the gantry flipping device (2) automatically flips 90 degrees under control, and the robot welding devices (4) on both sides of the flipping automatic welding station weld the flat position weld of the chassis in this state; Step 2.5, continue to automatically flip the chassis 180 degrees, and the robot welding device (4) welds the flat position weld in this state; Step 2.6, the base frame is automatically flipped to a horizontal 0°, the RGV automatic flow process vehicle (1) moves to the middle to the initial set position, the flip gantry crossbeam (6) of the gantry flip device (2) moves downward by a set distance, and the two-way automatic clamping device (5) is released, the base frame falls onto the RGV automatic flow process vehicle (1), and is sent to the cover plate assembly welding station.

3. The manufacturing process of railway freight car chassis according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 2.2, the specific steps for completely clamping the center beam of the chassis are: Step 2.2.1, the electric control cylinder (8) of the underframe bidirectional automatic clamping device (5) receives a signal to push out the cylinder head, and the head drives the self-locking pin (13) to move downward in the pin groove of the clamping hook mounting seat (14); Step 2.2.2, the self-locking pin (13) drives the self-locking rod (12) to move, pushing the clamping hook (10) to clamp the center beam of the base frame downward from the top of the base frame; Step 2.2.3, the gear locking cylinder (9) pushes out the gear lever to block the clamping hook (10) so that it cannot rotate. At this time, the chassis is completely clamped.

4. The manufacturing process of railway freight car chassis according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 5, the steps of clamping the center beam of the chassis are specifically as follows: Step 5.1, the flip gantry beam (6) of the gantry flip device (2) at both ends of the reverse automatic welding station is moved downward by a set distance so that the upper plane of the flip gantry beam (6) is lower than the lower plane of the bottom frame middle beam; Step 5.2, after the gantry turning devices (2) at both ends move toward the middle of the base frame for a set distance, the crossbeam continues to move upward for a set distance, so that the bidirectional automatic clamping device (5) on the turning gantry crossbeam (6) of the gantry turning device (2) is located below the base frame; Step 5.3, the bidirectional automatic clamping device (5) completely clamps the center beam of the base frame from the bottom of the base frame upwards.

5. The manufacturing process of railway freight car chassis according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 5.3, the specific steps of completely clamping the center beam of the chassis are: Step 5.3.1, the electric control cylinder (8) of the underframe bidirectional automatic clamping device (5) receives a signal to push out the cylinder head, and the head drives the self-locking pin (13) to move upward in the pin groove of the clamping hook mounting seat (14); Step 5.3.2, the self-locking pin (13) drives the self-locking rod (12) to move, pushing the clamping hook (10) to clamp the center beam of the base frame upward from the bottom of the base frame; Step 5.3.3, the gear locking cylinder (9) pushes out the gear lever to block the clamping hook (10) so that it cannot rotate. At this time, the center beam of the chassis is completely clamped.

6. A bidirectional automatic clamping device for a railway freight car underframe, using the railway freight car underframe manufacturing process according to claims 1-5, characterized in that: It comprises a flip chuck base (7), an electric control oil cylinder (8), a clamping hook (10), a self-locking rod (12), a self-locking pin (13) and a clamping hook mounting seat (14). The clamping hook mounting seat (14) is arranged on the flip chuck base (7), and a groove capable of accommodating the center beam of the chassis is arranged in the middle of the clamping hook mounting seat (14). The number of the electrically controlled oil cylinders (8) is two, which are arranged at the two ends of the flip chuck base (7), respectively. Each electrically controlled oil cylinder (8) is connected to a self-locking rod (12). The number of the clamping hooks (10) is two, which are arranged in the clamping hook mounting seat (14) and are respectively hingedly connected to the lower end of the self-locking rod (12). A self-locking pin (13) is arranged at the connecting end of the electrically controlled oil cylinder (8) and the self-locking rod (12). Through the action of the electrically controlled oil cylinder (8), the self-locking pin (13) moves up and down to realize the self-locking of the clamping hook (10).

7. The bidirectional automatic clamping device for railway freight car underframe according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a gear-locking oil cylinder (9) arranged on the flip clamp base (7), and the gear-locking oil cylinder (9) is used to achieve position locking of the clamping hook (10).

8. The bidirectional automatic clamping device for railway freight car underframe according to claim 7, characterized in that: The clamping hook mounting seat (14) is provided with a pin groove for the self-locking pin (13) to move up and down.

9. The bidirectional automatic clamping device for railway freight car underframe according to claim 8, characterized in that: The clamping hook (10) is connected to the clamping hook mounting seat (14) by a round pin, and the clamping hook (10) is connected to the self-locking rod (12) by a round pin.

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