A wedge-shaped extrusion stratum structure deformation physical simulation experiment device and experiment method

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application discloses a wedge-shaped extrusion stratum structure deformation physical simulation experiment device and experiment method. The device comprises a fan-shaped wedge-shaped block, a dovetail groove guide rail, a convex block roller, a fixed baffle and a U-shaped experiment tank. The fan-shaped wedge-shaped block is fixedly connected with the first dovetail groove guide rail plane side, and the top end of the fan-shaped wedge-shaped block is fixed on the U-shaped experiment tank. The fixed baffle is provided with the second dovetail groove guide rail which is equal in length to the first dovetail groove guide rail, and the fixed baffle is fixed on the U-shaped experiment tank. The dovetail groove guide rail comprises the first dovetail groove guide rail and the second dovetail groove guide rail. The convex block roller is provided with the convex block corresponding to the dovetail groove guide rail and the external power push rod, and is installed between the first dovetail groove guide rail and the second dovetail groove guide rail. By using the scheme, the fan-shaped wedge-shaped block is pushed by external force to wedge-shaped extrude the simulation stratum to make the stratum deform, so that the wedge-shaped extrusion stratum structure deformation process and deformation state are analyzed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of oil and gas exploration structural analysis and simulation technology, and in particular to a physical simulation experimental device and method for wedge-shaped compression strata deformation. Background Technology

[0002] Since most of the current geological structural deformation model experiments are conducted under a uniaxial horizontal coaxial uniform compression background, the actual geological compression structural deformation includes coaxial horizontal compression deformation, non-coaxial horizontal shear compression deformation and oblique compression deformation, and the structural deformation patterns include anticline folds, thrust fault zones, thrust-fold zones and strike-slip thrust zones.

[0003] Wedge compression is a type of oblique compression, such as compression between continental plates, oblique intrusive compression of volcanic intrusive rocks, oblique thrust compression of orogenic belts, and transverse compression of shear wedge blocks. Therefore, wedge compression and deformation structures are very common geological phenomena. However, the external stress applied by existing physical model experimental devices is mostly coaxial horizontal uniform compression, which cannot realize physical simulation experiments of wedge compression structural deformation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a physical simulation experimental device and method for wedge-shaped compression strata deformation, so as to analyze the deformation process and deformation state of wedge-shaped compression strata through the constructed physical simulation experimental device.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an experimental apparatus for physical simulation of wedge-shaped compressional strata deformation, the apparatus comprising: a fan-shaped wedge block, a dovetail groove guide rail, a protruding roller, a fixed baffle, and a U-shaped experimental groove; wherein;

[0006] The fan-shaped wedge block is fixedly connected to the plane side of the first dovetail groove guide rail, and the top of the fan-shaped wedge block is fixed on the U-shaped experimental groove; wherein, both the fan-shaped wedge block and the first dovetail groove guide rail are equipped with corresponding bolt holes;

[0007] The fixed baffle is equipped with a second dovetail groove guide rail of the same length as the first dovetail groove guide rail, and the fixed baffle is fixed on the U-shaped experimental trough; the dovetail groove guide rail includes the first dovetail groove guide rail and the second dovetail groove guide rail.

[0008] The convex roller is equipped with convex blocks corresponding to the dovetail groove guide rails and an external power push rod, and is installed between the first dovetail groove guide rail and the second dovetail groove guide rail; the external power push rod is used to apply thrust to the fan-shaped wedge block.

[0009] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a physical simulation experimental method for wedge-shaped compression strata deformation, the method comprising:

[0010] Determine the formation material, number of formation layers, and target extrusion deformation for the simulation experiment;

[0011] The target fan-shaped wedge block is determined based on the target extrusion deformation, and a physical simulation experimental device for wedge extrusion strata deformation is constructed; wherein, the physical simulation experimental device for wedge extrusion strata deformation integrates a scanning device;

[0012] The compression deformation speed and duration are set, and an external force is applied by the external power push rod to move the bump roller from the top of the fan-shaped wedge towards the end of the fan-shaped surface, so as to apply compression force to the simulated formation.

[0013] This invention provides an experimental apparatus and method for physical simulation of wedge-shaped compression strata deformation. The apparatus includes: a fan-shaped wedge block, a dovetail groove guide rail, a protrusion roller, a fixed baffle, and a U-shaped experimental groove. The fan-shaped wedge block is fixedly connected to the planar side of the first dovetail groove guide rail, and the top of the fan-shaped wedge block is fixed to the U-shaped experimental groove. Both the fan-shaped wedge block and the first dovetail groove guide rail are equipped with corresponding bolt holes. The fixed baffle is equipped with a second dovetail groove guide rail of the same length as the first dovetail groove guide rail and is fixed to the U-shaped experimental groove. The dovetail groove guide rail includes a first dovetail groove guide rail and a second dovetail groove guide rail. The protrusion roller is equipped with a protrusion corresponding to the dovetail groove guide rail and an external power push rod, and is installed between the first and second dovetail groove guide rails. The external power push rod is used to apply a thrust to the fan-shaped wedge block. Using the technical solution of this invention, a combined structural component consisting of a fan-shaped wedge block, a dovetail groove guide rail, and a convex roller is creatively designed. By applying an external thrust, the fan-shaped wedge block is pushed to wedge-shaped compress the simulated strata, causing structural deformation. This allows for the study and analysis of the wedge-shaped compression strata structural deformation process and deformation state, obtaining the wedge-shaped compression structural deformation pattern of salt-bearing strata, and guiding the exploration of subsalt oil and gas in salt-bearing strata. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Other features, objects, and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a physical simulation experimental device for wedge-shaped compression strata deformation provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a front top view of a physical simulation experimental device for wedge-shaped compression strata deformation provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a front side view of a physical simulation experimental device for wedge-shaped compression strata deformation provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a front side view of another wedge-shaped compression strata deformation physical simulation experimental device provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a physical simulation experiment method for wedge-shaped compression strata deformation provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state structure of a physical simulation experiment of wedge-shaped compression strata deformation provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the state structure after the physical simulation experiment of wedge-shaped compression strata deformation is completed, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0023] Before discussing the exemplary embodiments in more detail, it should be mentioned that some exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flowcharts. Although the flowcharts describe the operations (or steps) as sequential processes, many of the operations (or steps) may be performed in parallel, concurrently, or simultaneously. Furthermore, the order of the operations may be rearranged. The process may be terminated when its operation is completed, but may also have additional steps not included in the figures. The process may correspond to a method, function, procedure, subroutine, subroutine, etc.

[0024] The acquisition, storage, use, and processing of data in the technical solution of this application all comply with the relevant provisions of national laws and regulations.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a physical simulation experimental device for wedge-shaped compressional strata deformation provided in this embodiment of the invention. This embodiment is applicable to the physical simulation of compressional deformation in wedge-shaped compressional strata. Figure 1As shown, the wedge-shaped compression strata deformation physical simulation experimental device provided in this embodiment of the invention may include: a fan-shaped wedge block, a dovetail groove guide rail, a protrusion roller, a fixed baffle, and a U-shaped experimental groove; wherein,

[0026] The fan-shaped wedge block ① is fixedly connected to the plane side of the first dovetail groove guide rail, and the top of the fan-shaped wedge block is fixed on the U-shaped experimental groove ⑤; wherein, the fan-shaped wedge block and the first dovetail groove guide rail are equipped with corresponding bolt holes;

[0027] The fixed baffle ④ is equipped with a second dovetail groove guide rail of the same length as the first dovetail groove guide rail, and the fixed baffle is fixed on the U-shaped experimental groove; the dovetail groove guide rail ② includes the first dovetail groove guide rail and the second dovetail groove guide rail;

[0028] The convex roller ③ is equipped with a convex corresponding to the dovetail groove guide rail and an external power push rod, and is installed between the first dovetail groove guide rail and the second dovetail groove guide rail; the external power push rod is used to apply thrust to the fan-shaped wedge block.

[0029] Optionally, the U-shaped experimental tank is filled with formation material simulating geological strata, and different colored marker layers are used to separate the simulated strata. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the U-shaped experimental tank ⑤ is a U-shaped experimental tank with one open side. The dimensions of the U-shaped experimental tank are 90cm × 30cm × 12cm (length × width × height). The internal dimensions of the simulated strata experimental tank are 60cm × 30cm × 12cm (length × width × height). Three to five layers of simulated strata material are placed in the U-shaped experimental tank (the number of layers can be increased according to experimental needs). The thickness of each simulated stratum layer can be set to 0.5 to 1.5cm according to the similarity ratio of the actual strata. To better distinguish different simulated strata, different colored marker layers can be used to separate them. After the multiple layers of simulated strata are stacked, a layer of quartz sand is added on top for protection. Optionally, the simulated strata material can be 40-80 mesh loose quartz sand.

[0030] Optionally, the length of the fan-shaped wedge block is equal to the width of the U-shaped experimental trench, and the width of the fan-shaped wedge block corresponds to the compression deformation of the simulated strata in the U-shaped experimental trench. The top of the fan-shaped wedge block is fixed to the U-shaped experimental trench using fixing bolts and blocking bolts to initially compress and fix the simulated strata in the U-shaped experimental trench. The maximum length L of the fan-shaped wedge block ① is equal to the width of the U-shaped experimental trench (30cm), and it is fan-shaped. The width H of the fan-shaped surface can be designed and adjusted according to parameters such as the compression deformation shortening of the simulated strata (0-5%, 0-10%, 0-15%, and 0-20%). For example, if the strata length in the U-shaped experimental trench is 60cm, the maximum width H of the fan-shaped wedge block can be made to be 3.0cm, 6.0cm, 9.0cm, and 12.0cm, respectively.

[0031] Optionally, the fan-shaped wedge block, the dovetail groove guide rail, and the fixed baffle are equipped with equidistant bolt holes in the same position. Bolts are used to fix the fan-shaped wedge block to the dovetail groove guide rail, and the dovetail groove guide rail to the fixed baffle. The dovetail groove guide rail ② has a flat side and a dovetail groove on the other side, which can relatively fix and guide the convex roller ③, preventing changes in the force direction due to the convex roller sliding up and down, and also facilitating integrated operation.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, both the fan-shaped wedge block and the first dovetail groove guide rail are provided with equidistant bolt holes (such as equidistant 3 rows of 9-hole bolt holes). The fan-shaped wedge block and the first dovetail groove guide rail are fixedly connected by bolts to form an integral assembly. The dovetail groove guide rail ② is fixedly installed in the middle position of the fan-shaped wedge block ①, which facilitates the application of uniform thrust to the fan-shaped wedge block.

[0033] Both the fixed baffle ④ and the second dovetail groove guide rail are provided with equidistant bolt holes (e.g., equidistant 3 rows of 9-hole bolt holes), and the fixed baffle and the second dovetail groove guide rail are fixedly connected by bolts. The second dovetail groove guide rail is installed corresponding to the first dovetail groove guide rail, and the fixed baffle is fixed to the two side walls of the U-shaped experimental tank.

[0034] Optionally, the protrusions of the convex roller correspond to the dovetail grooves of the dovetail guide rail, forming a snap-fit ​​connection. An external force is applied to the external power push rod to move the convex roller from the top of the fan-shaped wedge towards the fan-shaped surface, thereby applying a compressive force to the simulated formation. Specifically, the convex roller ③ has protrusions corresponding to the dovetail guide rails, and the shape of the protrusions corresponds to the shape of the dovetail grooves of the dovetail guide rails, forming a snap-fit ​​connection. The convex roller shaft has an external power push rod, which is driven by external power to displace the convex roller. The thickness of the convex roller is consistent with the width h between the two dovetail guide rails; for example, if the diameter Ф of the convex roller is 10cm, the width between the first and second dovetail guide rails is also 10cm.

[0035] Among them, such as Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 As shown, Figure 3 This is a side view of the experimental setup for physical simulation of wedge-shaped compressional strata deformation. Figure 4 ⑥ is the end side view of the dovetail groove guide rail ②, and ⑦ is the side view of the protruding roller ③. The fan-shaped wedge block ①, the dovetail groove guide rail ②, the protruding roller ③, and the fixed baffle ④ together constitute a complete power transmission device, which is driven by external force to complete the physical simulation experiment of wedge extrusion deformation.

[0036] Optionally, the device further includes a scanning device; wherein the scanning device is integrated into the wedge-shaped compression strata deformation physical simulation experimental device, and is used to acquire the changes in stratum thickness, stratum deformation state, and lateral and longitudinal deformation characteristics of the simulated strata under compression. The scanning device may be a CT scanner, used to acquire the morphological changes of the simulated strata during compression deformation in the wedge-shaped compression strata. The morphological changes include, but are not limited to, changes in stratum thickness, stratum deformation state, and lateral and longitudinal deformation characteristics.

[0037] This invention provides a physical simulation experimental device for wedge-shaped compression strata deformation. The device includes: a fan-shaped wedge block, a dovetail groove guide rail, a protrusion roller, a fixed baffle, and a U-shaped experimental groove. The fan-shaped wedge block is fixedly connected to the planar side of the first dovetail groove guide rail, and the top of the fan-shaped wedge block is fixed to the U-shaped experimental groove. Both the fan-shaped wedge block and the first dovetail groove guide rail are equipped with corresponding bolt holes. The fixed baffle is equipped with a second dovetail groove guide rail of the same length as the first dovetail groove guide rail and is fixed to the U-shaped experimental groove. The dovetail groove guide rail includes a first dovetail groove guide rail and a second dovetail groove guide rail. The protrusion roller is equipped with a protrusion corresponding to the dovetail groove guide rail and an external power push rod, and is installed between the first and second dovetail groove guide rails. The external power push rod is used to apply a thrust to the fan-shaped wedge block. Using the technical solution of this invention, a combined structural component consisting of a fan-shaped wedge block, a dovetail groove guide rail, and a convex roller is creatively designed. By applying an external thrust, the fan-shaped wedge block is pushed to wedge-shaped compress the simulated strata, causing structural deformation. This allows for the study and analysis of the wedge-shaped compression strata structural deformation process and deformation state, obtaining the wedge-shaped compression structural deformation pattern of salt-bearing strata, and guiding the exploration of subsalt oil and gas in salt-bearing strata.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a physical simulation experiment method for wedge-shaped compressional strata deformation provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention further optimize the aforementioned embodiments, and can be combined with various optional schemes from one or more of the above embodiments. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the wedge-shaped compression strata deformation physical simulation experimental device and method provided in this embodiment of the invention may include the following steps:

[0039] S510. Determine the formation material, number of formation layers, and target extrusion deformation for the simulation experiment.

[0040] In the physical simulation experiment of wedge-shaped compression strata deformation, the target compression deformation of the simulated strata is determined. This determination is to identify the target fan-shaped wedge block. The stratum material for the simulation experiment is determined; the stratum material can be 40-80 mesh loose quartz sand. The thickness of each simulated stratum layer can be set to 0.5-1.5 cm according to the similarity ratio of the actual strata. To better distinguish different strata, different colored marker layers can be used to separate different layers. After the multiple layers of simulated strata are stacked and arranged, a protective layer of quartz sand is added on top.

[0041] S520. Determine the target fan-shaped wedge based on the target extrusion deformation, and construct a physical simulation experimental device for wedge extrusion strata deformation.

[0042] like Figure 6 As shown, the target compression deformation of the simulated strata is determined, and the target fan-shaped wedge is determined based on the target compression deformation. For example, if the length of the U-shaped experimental trough is 60cm and the target compression deformation is 5%, then the width of the fan-shaped wedge is 3.0cm. After determining the target fan-shaped wedge, simulated experimental strata materials ⑧ simulating different lithological strata are filled into the U-shaped experimental trough, and different numbers of strata are set. The target fan-shaped wedge and the dovetail groove guide rail assembly are fixed by fixing bolts and blocking bolts to construct the wedge-shaped compression strata deformation physical simulation experimental device and constitute the initial state of the wedge-shaped compression strata deformation physical simulation experiment.

[0043] S530: Set the extrusion deformation speed and extrusion deformation duration. Apply external force to the external power push rod to move the bump roller from the top of the fan-shaped wedge towards the end of the fan-shaped surface, so as to apply extrusion force to the simulated formation.

[0044] The compression deformation speed and duration are set, and the external driving force can be measured and controlled by a hydraulic cylinder, and can be set to a fixed or adjustable value. The hydraulic cylinder, with the help of an external power push rod, pushes the convex roller to move laterally, which in turn pushes the fan-shaped wedge block with a dovetail guide rail to deviate. As the convex roller moves further to the other side, the extrusion force on the dovetail side of the fan-shaped wedge block increases, resulting in uneven extrusion force on the simulated strata within the U-shaped experimental trench, causing strata deformation. For example... Figure 7 As shown, when the convex roller is pressed against the other side of the U-shaped experimental trough, the displacement of the fan-shaped end of the wedge block is at its maximum, and the amount of compression deformation on the simulated strata is at its maximum. The completion of this entire process constitutes a complete compression experiment. The wedge-shaped compression strata deformation physical simulation experimental device transforms the original unidirectional horizontal coaxial compression simulation experiment into a wedge-shaped gradual compression deformation simulation experiment. With the external thrust of the hydraulic cylinder remaining constant, the compression of the fan-shaped wedge block gradually increases the strata deformation force from the initial F=0 to a maximum value.

[0045] Depending on the experimental requirements, fan-shaped wedges of different sizes can be selected to complete simulation experiments of different strata compression deformation amounts; multiple experimental parameters can also be set, such as different number of strata (e.g., 3, 4 or 5 layers), different compression deformation rates, and different compression deformation durations, to carry out multiple sets of experiments.

[0046] As an optional but non-limiting implementation, the method also includes, but is not limited to, steps A1-A3:

[0047] Step A1: Set the scanning time interval of the scanning device, and use the scanning device to acquire surface data of the simulated strata under compression; the surface data includes strata thickness variation data, strata deformation state data, and strata transverse and longitudinal deformation characteristic data.

[0048] Step A2: Load the surface data into the reconstruction software to construct a three-dimensional data volume.

[0049] Step A3: Load the three-dimensional data volume into grayscale editing and analysis software to determine the changes in stratum thickness, stratum deformation state, and stratum transverse and longitudinal deformation characteristics of different simulated strata under compression; wherein, different simulated strata are separated by different color marker layers.

[0050] Taking CT scanning equipment as an example, based on the real geological background and experimental similarity ratio of different stratigraphic structures and extrusion deformation, an experimental scheme was designed and an experimental model was made. The wedge-shaped extrusion deformation model experiment was completed on the experimental device platform. At the beginning of the experiment, the model was placed into the data acquisition industrial CT scanning system, and real-time scanning and acquisition of the model were performed according to the set acquisition interval. Three CT observation scanning positions were set during the scanning (e.g., ...). Figure 2 (As shown in the figure); the collected surface data is loaded into professional reconstruction software to reconstruct a three-dimensional data volume; the reconstructed three-dimensional data volume model is loaded into professional grayscale editing and analysis software, and different strata are distinguished by different color marker layers between strata, and the changes in stratum thickness, stratum deformation morphology and longitudinal and transverse deformation characteristics of strata are quantitatively statistically analyzed during different extrusion deformation times.

[0051] As an optional but non-limiting implementation, the method also includes, but is not limited to, steps B1-B3:

[0052] Step B1: Under experimental conditions of the same extrusion deformation rate but different sizes of fan-shaped wedges, obtain data on the change of formation thickness with extrusion time when the simulated formation is subjected to extrusion.

[0053] Step B2: Based on the data on the change of formation thickness with extrusion time, construct a first extrusion time-formation thickness cross-plot.

[0054] Step B3: Analyze the deformation state of the wedge-shaped compressional formation based on the first compression time-formation thickness intersection diagram.

[0055] Quantitative analysis was employed, using the cumulative thickness H of the deformed strata as the ordinate (Y) and the compression deformation time T as the abscissa (X), to obtain the TH plot. Thus, by changing only the size of the fan-shaped wedge block and keeping other experimental conditions constant, four sets of first compression time-stratum thickness cross-plots were obtained: 0–5%, 0–10%, 0–15%, and 0–20% of the stratum thickness compression deformation shortening. These first compression time-stratum thickness cross-plots can determine the variation of stratum thickness with compression time at different compression scales in the wedge-shaped compression strata structure.

[0056] As an optional but non-limiting implementation, the method also includes, but is not limited to, steps C1-C3:

[0057] Step C1: Under experimental conditions where the size of the fan-shaped wedge blocks is the same but the compression deformation rate is different, obtain data on the change of formation thickness with compression time when the simulated formation is subjected to compression.

[0058] Step C2: Based on the data on the change of formation thickness with extrusion time, construct a second extrusion time-formation thickness cross-plot.

[0059] Step C3: Analyze the deformation state of the wedge-shaped compressional formation based on the second compression time-formation thickness intersection diagram.

[0060] In one optional embodiment of the present invention, a group of fan-shaped wedge blocks with constant size can be selected, and the compression deformation rate can be varied to obtain a second compression time-stratum thickness cross-plot for analyzing the deformation state of the wedge-shaped compression strata. For example, the target compression deformation is 0-20%, the size of the fan-shaped wedge blocks is 12.0 cm, and the compression deformation rates are 0.1 cm / min, 0.2 cm / min, or 0.3 cm / min, respectively, to obtain the second compression time-stratum thickness cross-plot. Through multi-parameter experiments and result analysis, the accuracy of wedge-shaped compression tectonic deformation analysis can be improved, guiding the interpretation of similar geological phenomena and the analysis of their genetic mechanisms.

[0061] This invention provides a method for physical simulation of wedge-shaped compression formation deformation. The method involves determining the formation material, number of layers, and target compression deformation; identifying a target fan-shaped wedge based on the target compression deformation; and constructing a physical simulation device for wedge-shaped compression formation deformation. The device integrates a scanning device. The compression deformation speed and duration are set, and an external force is applied to an external power push rod to move the protruding roller from the top of the fan-shaped wedge towards the fan-shaped surface, thereby applying compression force to the simulated formation. By employing industrial CT scanning technology, quantitative research on stratigraphic deformation and internal deformation characteristics of the model stratigraphy can be conducted from any direction without damaging the experimental model structure and reducing manual workload. Quantitative parameters of longitudinal and transverse deformation and information on the spatial distribution of the stratigraphy are extracted, and a quantitative evaluation map is established. This greatly improves the efficiency of research and analysis on the structural characteristics of wedge-shaped compression structures. It can effectively solve the problems of deformation mechanism analysis, structural trap evaluation, and prediction of favorable oil and gas reservoir areas in complex structural deformation zones, guiding the deployment of oil and gas exploration targets and breakthroughs in exploration.

Claims

1. A physical simulation experimental device for wedge-shaped compression strata deformation, characterized in that, The device includes: a fan-shaped wedge block, a dovetail groove guide rail, a protruding roller, a fixed baffle, and a U-shaped experimental groove; wherein... The fan-shaped wedge block is fixedly connected to the plane side of the first dovetail groove guide rail, and the top of the fan-shaped wedge block is fixed on the U-shaped experimental groove; wherein, both the fan-shaped wedge block and the first dovetail groove guide rail are equipped with corresponding bolt holes; The fixed baffle is equipped with a second dovetail groove guide rail of the same length as the first dovetail groove guide rail, and the fixed baffle is fixed on the U-shaped experimental trough; the dovetail groove guide rail includes the first dovetail groove guide rail and the second dovetail groove guide rail. The convex roller is equipped with convex blocks corresponding to the dovetail groove guide rails and an external power push rod, and is installed between the first dovetail groove guide rail and the second dovetail groove guide rail; the external power push rod is used to apply thrust to the fan-shaped wedge block, and under the condition that the external thrust of the hydraulic cylinder remains unchanged, the formation deformation force is gradually increased from the initial F=0 to a maximum value through the squeezing of the fan-shaped wedge block; The U-shaped experimental tank is filled with formation materials simulating geological strata, and different colored marker layers are used to separate the simulated geological strata. The length of the fan-shaped wedge block is equal to the width of the U-shaped experimental groove, and the width of the fan-shaped wedge block corresponds to the compression deformation of the simulated strata in the U-shaped experimental groove. The top of the fan-shaped wedge block is fixed to the U-shaped experimental groove by fixing bolts and blocking bolts to perform initial compression and fixation of the simulated strata in the U-shaped experimental groove.

2. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fan-shaped wedge block, the dovetail groove guide rail, and the fixed baffle are equipped with equidistant bolt holes in the same position. Bolts are used to fix the fan-shaped wedge block to the dovetail groove guide rail, and the dovetail groove guide rail to the fixed baffle.

3. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protrusions of the protrusion roller correspond to the dovetail grooves of the dovetail groove guide rail, forming a snap-fit ​​connection. An external force is applied to the external power push rod to move the protrusion roller from the top of the fan-shaped wedge block toward the end of the fan-shaped surface, so as to apply a compressive force to the simulated strata.

4. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device further includes a scanning device; wherein... The scanning device is integrated into the physical simulation experimental device for deformation of wedge-shaped compression strata, and is used to obtain the changes in stratum thickness, stratum deformation state, and stratum transverse and longitudinal deformation characteristics when the simulated strata are subjected to compression.

5. A physical simulation experimental method for wedge-shaped compression strata deformation, characterized in that, The method includes: The formation materials, number of formation layers, and target extrusion deformation of the simulated experiments were determined, and different colored marker layers were used to separate the experimental formation materials of different formations. The target fan-shaped wedge block is determined based on the target extrusion deformation, and a physical simulation experimental device for wedge extrusion strata deformation is constructed; wherein, the physical simulation experimental device for wedge extrusion strata deformation integrates a scanning device; Set the extrusion deformation speed and extrusion deformation duration. Apply external force to the external power push rod to move the convex roller from the top of the fan-shaped wedge block toward the end of the fan-shaped surface to apply extrusion force to the simulated formation. Under the condition that the external thrust of the hydraulic cylinder remains unchanged, the formation deformation force is gradually increased from the initial F=0 to a maximum value through the extrusion of the fan-shaped wedge block. The length of the target fan-shaped wedge block is equal to the width of the U-shaped experimental groove, and the width of the fan-shaped surface of the target fan-shaped wedge block corresponds to the compression deformation of the simulated strata in the U-shaped experimental groove; the construction of the wedge compression strata deformation physical simulation experimental device includes: fixing the target fan-shaped wedge block and the dovetail groove guide rail assembly with fixing bolts and blocking bolts, constructing the wedge compression strata deformation physical simulation experimental device, and forming the initial state of the wedge compression strata deformation physical simulation experiment.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: The scanning time interval of the scanning device is set, and the scanning device is used to acquire surface data of the simulated strata under compression; the surface data includes strata thickness variation data, strata deformation state data, and strata transverse and longitudinal deformation characteristic data. The surface data is loaded into the reconstruction software to construct a three-dimensional data volume; The three-dimensional data volume is loaded into grayscale editing and analysis software to determine the changes in stratum thickness, stratum deformation state, and stratum longitudinal and transverse deformation characteristics of different simulated strata under compression; different simulated strata are separated by different color marker layers.

7. The experimental method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: Under experimental conditions with the same extrusion deformation rate and different fan-shaped wedge block sizes, data on the change of formation thickness with extrusion time under extrusion was obtained for the simulated formation. Based on the data on the change of formation thickness with extrusion time, a first extrusion time-formation thickness cross-plot is constructed; The deformation state of the wedge-shaped compressional formation is analyzed based on the first compression time-formation thickness intersection diagram.

8. The experimental method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: Under experimental conditions where the fan-shaped wedges are the same size but the compression deformation rate is different, data on the change of formation thickness with compression time under compression were obtained. Based on the data on the change of formation thickness with extrusion time, a second extrusion time-formation thickness cross-plot is constructed; The deformation state of the wedge-shaped compressional strata was analyzed based on the second compression time-stratum thickness intersection diagram.

Images