Hydrangea grandiflora water culture method

Abstract

The invention provides a hydroponic method for hydrangea grandiflora, and belongs to the technical field of flower cultivation. The invention provides a hydrangea macrophylla water culture method. The hydrangea macrophylla water culture method comprises the following steps: (1) pruning hydrangea macrophylla branches to obtain cutting slips; (2) cutting the cuttings obtained in the step (1) into a medium, performing rooting induction, and during rooting induction, spraying a root growth promoting agent and then spraying a nutrient solution to induce rooting; (3) placing the rooted cutting slips in the step (2) together with a medium in a compound fertilizer for field planting, and culturing until mid-to-late November, and then culturing with clear water; and (4) applying a compound fertilizer from clear water culture to early March of the next year, and flowering in mid-to-late April. According to the method, the survival rate of hydroponic hydrangea is remarkably increased, and the method is easy to operate and suitable for large-scale production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of flower cultivation, in particular to a method for hydroponically cultivating hydrangea macrophylla. Background Art

[0002] Hydroponics is a new type of soilless cultivation method in which the roots of plants are directly or indirectly immersed in nutrient solution to absorb water and nutrients. The hydroponic culture of large-flowered hydrangeas has the advantages of strong ornamental and decorative properties, cleanliness, and simple maintenance, and is welcomed by the majority of flower practitioners and consumers. The conventional hydroponic method of large-flowered hydrangeas is achieved by converting substrate culture to hydroponics, just like most plants. Specifically, there are the following steps: select potted flowers with suitable plant types, remove the flower pots, clean the cultivation substrate, trim the overlong roots, disinfect the roots and soak them in rooting agents, plant them in planting baskets, place the planting baskets in circulating water to induce hydrogenic roots, and grow them in circulating nutrient solution after successful induction. The key to the success of hydroponics lies in whether the plants can induce new roots suitable for the hydroponic environment. The method of converting substrate culture to hydroponics is complicated, and cleaning the roots is time-consuming and laborious. The roots of the plants after cleaning are severely damaged, the number of roots is sharply reduced, and a large number of wounds are produced, which seriously affects the survival rate. After cleaning and before new roots sprout, the root system cannot carry out normal physiological activities, and the plants are prone to death due to lack of oxygen, dehydration, and infection by pathogens. Conventional hydroponic methods have high requirements for the hydroponic season, hydroponic environmental conditions, and operator experience, which is not conducive to large-scale production and industrial development. At the same time, hydroponic flower production requires the construction of special facilities, including planting troughs and nutrient solution circulation systems. Maintaining the uninterrupted operation of the nutrient solution circulation system consumes a lot of electricity, which is costly and does not conform to the concept of green development; the nutrient solution needs to be replaced regularly to ensure the nutrient content and the low content of debris and pathogens. However, the replacement of waste liquid not only increases production costs but also pollutes the environment.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a simplified hydroponic method for hydrangea macrophylla, which does not require the purchase of special equipment, does not generate wastewater and waste liquid, avoids the impact of root washing and improves the survival rate of hydroponics, saves costs and is safe and environmentally friendly, meeting market demand. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention aims to provide a method for hydroponically growing hydrangea grandiflora, simplify the hydroponically growing steps of hydrangea grandiflora and improve the survival rate of hydroponically growing hydrangea grandiflora.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a method for hydroponically growing hydrangea macrophylla, comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) Pruning the branches of Hydrangea grandiflora to obtain cuttings;

[0008] (2) implanting the cuttings obtained in step (1) into a medium for root induction, during which a root promoting agent is first sprayed, and then a nutrient solution is sprayed to induce rooting;

[0009] (3) placing the rooted cuttings in step (2) together with the medium in compound fertilizer for planting, culturing until mid-to-late November and then switching to clear water culturing;

[0010] (4) The clear water culture is continued until early March of the following year, and compound fertilizer is applied, and the flowers bloom in mid-to-late April.

[0011] Preferably, the hydrangea branches described in step (1) are branches of the current year; the pruning is performed with 2 to 4 nodes as one cutting; the length of the cutting is 5 to 7 cm, 1 to 2 cm of the stem segment above the node is retained, 2 to 4 cm of the stem segment below the node is retained, only 2 to 4 leaves at the top are retained, and 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the leaf area is cut off.

[0012] Preferably, the medium in step (2) is coconut palm, expanded clay or sphagnum moss.

[0013] Preferably, the formula of the root promoting agent in step (2) is: 1-2 mg / L of naphthylacetic acid + 1-2 mg / L of indolebutyric acid + 180-220 mg / L of compound fertilizer + 20-25 mg / L of sodium glutamate, wherein the compound fertilizer is N-P2O5-K2O=20-20-20+TE, and the number of spraying is 4-7 times / d, using a rotary nozzle with a working flow rate of 50 L / h for each spraying for 1-2 minutes, and the spraying is stopped after 10-12 days of cutting.

[0014] Preferably, the formula of the nutrient solution in step (2) is: 400-600 mg / L of the compound fertilizer + 45-55 mg / L of sodium glutamate, and spraying begins after stopping the spraying of the root promoter, the number of spraying is 4-7 times / d, and a rotary nozzle with a working flow rate of 50 L / h is used for each spraying for 1-2 minutes.

[0015] Preferably, the root length of the rooted cuttings after rooting in step (3) is ≥1 cm, the concentration of the compound fertilizer is 400-600 mg / L, and the contact depth with the medium is 2-4 cm.

[0016] Preferably, the concentration of the compound fertilizer in step (4) is 400-600 mg / L, and the contact depth with the medium is 2-4 cm. When the depth is less than 1 cm, it is replenished to 2-4 cm in time.

[0017] The present invention provides a new method for hydroponic cultivation of hydrangea grandiflora. Different from the conventional method of converting substrate cultivation to hydroponic cultivation, the present invention is a hydroponic cultivation method starting from scratch, thereby significantly improving the survival rate. The present invention makes full use of the extremely excellent moisture resistance of hydrangea grandiflora, and ensures the humidity of air and leaf surface by continuously spraying root promoters, so as to achieve rooting of cuttings in a medium with large pores and poor water retention; makes full use of the extremely excellent waterlogging resistance of hydrangea grandiflora, and directly places the rooted plants in a static nutrient solution. The cultivation process only requires quantitative addition of nutrient solution, and does not require cultivation in a special water circulation facility. No special equipment is required during the cultivation process, and no wastewater and waste liquid are generated. It is a low-threshold, easy-to-use, energy-saving and environmentally friendly flower hydroponic method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The hydrangea macrophylla was hydroponically cultivated in different media in Example 1 (the media used in 1 to 6 were: blue stone, stone, volcanic stone, ceramsite, sphagnum moss, and coconut palm respectively);

[0019] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the rooting results of Hydrangea macrophylla under different rooting solution treatments in Example 2;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the growth status of Hydrangea macrophylla under different nutrient solution treatments in Example 3;

[0021] Figure 4 This is the rooting diagram of the induced cuttings 11 days after induction in Example 4;

[0022] Figure 5 This is the rooting diagram of the induced cuttings 30 days after induction in Example 4;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a diagram of the hydroponic cultivation of plants in Example 4;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a picture of the large-flowered hydrangea hydroponic before flowering in Example 4;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a picture of the large-flowered hydrangea hydroponic flowering in Example 4;

[0026] Fig. 9 This is a survival diagram of Hydrangea macrophylla 'Red Lila' cultivated according to the method of Example 4;

[0027] Fig.10 This is a survival chart of Hydrangea macrophylla 'Red Lila' cultivated in Comparative Example 1 according to conventional hydroponic methods. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1 Screening of hydroponic medium

[0030] The potted seedlings of Hydrangea macrophylla 'Red Lila' were planted in planting baskets containing these media after cleaning their roots, using ceramsite, sphagnum moss, coconut palm, orchid stone, volcanic stone and gravel as the media, respectively. The planting baskets were placed in the cultivation tanks. After 60 days, the survival rate and growth of hydrangea in different media were counted (as shown in Tables 1 and Figure 1 Each medium was hydroponically cultured with 20 plants and repeated 3 times.

[0031] Table 1 Effects of different hydroponic media on the survival rate and growth of Hydrangea macrophylla 'Red Lila'

[0032]

[0033] As shown in Table 1, the survival rate and plant growth indexes of Hydrangea grandiflora in coconut palm, expanded clay and sphagnum moss are all good. These three media can be used for the hydroponic culture of Hydrangea grandiflora.

[0034] Example 2 Screening of rooting liquid formula

[0035] Using sphagnum moss as the medium and Hydrangea grandiflora 'Red Lila' as the material, the effects of different rooting solution formulas on the hydroponic rooting of Hydrangea grandiflora were explored. The rooting solution formula was treatment 1: 1 mg / L naphthaleneacetic acid + 1 mg / L indolebutyric acid + 200 mg / L compound fertilizer + 20 mg / L sodium glutamate; treatment 2: 2 mg / L naphthaleneacetic acid + 2 mg / L indolebutyric acid + 200 mg / L compound fertilizer + 20 mg / L sodium glutamate; treatment 3: 4 mg / L naphthaleneacetic acid + 4 mg / L indolebutyric acid + 200 mg / L compound fertilizer + 20 mg / L sodium glutamate. The above compound fertilizer formulas were all: N-P2O5-K2O = 20-20-20 + TE; the control was sprayed with water. The rooting solution was sprayed 5 times a day, using a rotary nozzle with a working flow of 50 L / h for 1 minute each time. Twenty plants were hydroponically cultivated in each treatment, and repeated 3 times. The rooting time of cuttings under different treatments and the characteristics of cuttings at 40 days were counted (the results are shown in Table 2 and Figure 2 shown).

[0036] Table 2 Effects of different rooting solution formulas on rooting of Hydrangea macrophylla 'Red Lila'

[0037]

[0038] As shown in Table 2, the survival rate of hydroponic hydrangeas was relatively high under different treatments. Spraying rooting solution can shorten the rooting time and promote the growth of the root system. As the concentration of the rooting agent increased, it was found that too high a concentration of the rooting agent would affect the characteristics of the root system and thus affect the survival rate. Therefore, treatment 2 was selected as the best choice.

[0039] Example 3 Screening of compound fertilizer

[0040] The root-induced potted hydroponic hydrangea 'Red Lila' was used as the material and placed in the compound fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O=20-20-20+TE) with a concentration of 250mg / L (treatment 1), 500mg / L (treatment 2) and 1000mg / L (treatment 3) for growth. Each treatment was hydroponically cultivated with 20 plants and repeated 3 times. The growth data of the plants in different treatments were measured after 60 days (as shown in Table 3 and Figure 3 shown).

[0041] Table 3 Effects of different nutrient solution concentrations on the growth of hydroponic Hydrangea macrophylla 'Red Lila'

[0042]

[0043] As shown in Table 3, with the increase of nutrient solution concentration, the growth of plants showed a trend of first strengthening and then inhibiting, and the plant growth was best in treatment 2.

[0044] Example 4

[0045] Using Hydrangea macrophylla 'Red Lila' as the material, a hydroponic experiment was conducted using the conditions selected in Examples 1 to 3.

[0046] (1) Prune the current year branches of Hydrangea grandiflora to obtain cuttings. Prune with 2 to 4 nodes as one cutting, with a cutting length of 5 to 7 cm, leaving 1 to 2 cm of the stem above the node and 2 to 4 cm of the stem below the node; only keep 2 to 4 leaves at the top of each cutting, and cut off 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the area of ​​the leaves of Hydrangea grandiflora on the cutting.

[0047] (2) Fill the hydroponic planting basket (upper diameter 8cm, lower diameter 7cm, height 7cm) with sphagnum moss medium. Plant one cutting in each planting basket. Place the hydroponic planting basket in a greenhouse seedbed with a temperature of about 35°C and a humidity of more than 70%. Cover the cuttings with a shade net with a shading rate of 60-70% from May to October, and spray with a root promoter. The formula of the root promoter is 2mg / L naphthylacetic acid + 2mg / L indolebutyric acid + 200mg / L compound fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O=20-20-20+TE) + 20mg / L sodium glutamate. Spray 6 times a day, using a rotary nozzle with a working flow of 50L / h for 1 minute each time to keep the surface of the cutting leaves moist. Stop spraying the root promoter 11 days after cutting, when most cuttings have taken root (such as Figure 4 ), switch to spraying nutrient solution, the spraying method is the same as the root promoter. The nutrient solution formula is: compound fertilizer 500mg / L + sodium glutamate 50mg / L.

[0048] (3) After 30 days of induction, the root length of the cuttings exceeded 1 cm (e.g. Figure 5 ), place the hydroponic planting basket in a watertight turnover box, pipe or cultivation trough, add compound fertilizer (such as Figure 6 The contact depth between compound fertilizer and medium is 4cm. When the depth of compound fertilizer is less than 1cm, add compound fertilizer to 4cm. Stop applying compound fertilizer in mid-to-late November and switch to applying clean water. The application method is the same as compound fertilizer.

[0049] (4) In early March of the following year, the water is replaced with 500 mg / L of compound fertilizer. The contact depth between the compound fertilizer and the medium is 4 cm. When the depth of the compound fertilizer is less than 1 cm, add compound fertilizer to 4 cm. The flowers will bloom in mid-to-late April (such as Figure 7 , 8 ).

[0050] A total of 100 pots of Hydrangea macrophylla 'Red Lila' were planted according to the above method, and the final survival rate was 96% (the results are shown in Fig. 9 , 36 pots were selected, and 1 pot died).

[0051] Comparative Example 1

[0052] The Hydrangea macrophylla 'Red Lila' was used as the material and cultivated according to the conventional hydroponic method. The conventional hydroponic method is to select seedlings with consistent growth and plant them in flower pots with an upper diameter of 10 cm, remove the flower pots, clean the cultivation medium, trim the overlong roots, soak the roots in a solution of 5 mg / L naphthaleneacetic acid + 5 mg / L indolebutyric acid + 1 g / L carbendazim for 10 minutes, and then plant them in planting baskets. The planting baskets are placed in circulating water to induce hydrorooting, and the survival rate is calculated after 40 days. A total of 100 pots of Hydrangea macrophylla 'Red Lila' were cultivated, and the final survival rate was 76%. (The results are shown in Fig.10 , 36 pots were selected, 9 of which died.).

[0053] Through Example 4 and Comparative Example 1 and Fig. 9 and Fig.10 It can be seen that the survival rate of hydrangeas using the hydroponic method of the present application reaches 96%, while the survival rate of the conventional hydroponic method is only 76% (the conventional method uses seedlings cultivated in a substrate, so the plants are larger, but it has no effect on the comparison of the survival rate). It can be seen that the optimized hydroponic method of the present application avoids the death caused by the root washing process compared to the conventional method, and significantly improves the survival rate of hydrangeas.

[0054] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for hydroponically growing hydrangea macrophylla, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Pruning the branches of Hydrangea grandiflora to obtain cuttings; (2) implanting the cuttings obtained in step (1) into a medium for root induction, during which a root promoting agent is first sprayed, and then a nutrient solution is sprayed to induce rooting; (3) placing the rooted cuttings in step (2) together with the medium in compound fertilizer for planting, culturing until mid-to-late November and then switching to clear water culturing; (4) The plant is cultured in clear water until early March of the following year, and compound fertilizer is applied, and the plant blooms in mid-to-late April.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The hydrangea branches described in step (1) are branches of the current year; the pruning is performed with 2 to 4 nodes as one cutting; the length of the cutting is 5 to 7 cm, 1 to 2 cm of the stem segment above the node is retained, 2 to 4 cm of the stem segment below the node is retained, only 2 to 4 leaves at the top are retained, and 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the leaf surface area is cut off.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The medium in step (2) is coconut palm, ceramsite or sphagnum moss.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The formula of the root promoting agent in step (2) is: 1-2 mg / L of naphthylacetic acid + 1-2 mg / L of indolebutyric acid + 180-220 mg / L of compound fertilizer + 20-25 mg / L of sodium glutamate, wherein the compound fertilizer is N-P2O5-K2O=20-20-20+TE, and the number of spraying is 4-7 times / d, using a rotary nozzle with a working flow rate of 50 L / h for each spraying for 1-2 minutes, and stopping spraying after 10-12 days of cutting.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The formula of the nutrient solution in step (2) is: 400-600 mg / L of the compound fertilizer + 45-55 mg / L of sodium glutamate. The spraying starts after the root promoter is stopped. The spraying frequency is 4-7 times / d. A rotary nozzle with a working flow rate of 50 L / h is used for each spraying for 1-2 minutes.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The root length of the rooted cuttings after rooting in step (3) is ≥1 cm, the concentration of the compound fertilizer is 400-600 mg / L, and the contact depth with the medium is 2-4 cm.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The concentration of the compound fertilizer in step (4) is 400-600 mg / L, and the contact depth with the medium is 2-4 cm. When the depth is less than 1 cm, it is replenished to 2-4 cm in time.

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