A mold for measuring internal cooling data of a low pressure casting casting and a method of implementing the same

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of low-pressure casting, in particular to a mold for measuring internal cooling data of a low-pressure casting casting and an implementation method thereof, which comprises a mold main body, a sampling end, a sensor mounting unit, a cooling mechanism and a controller, the mold main body comprises an upper mold base and a lower mold base which are oppositely arranged, a cavity is defined between the upper mold base and the lower mold base when the upper mold base and the lower mold base are closed, the cavity is used for containing aluminum liquid to carry out casting of a casting, and a sprue cup for the aluminum liquid to enter the cavity is arranged at the center of the lower mold base, the temperature sensors arranged at different positions in the sensor mounting unit are used for comprehensively and finely monitoring temperature changes of a casting sample at upper, middle and lower positions in a casting process in real time, the temperature changes in the aluminum liquid are accurately recorded, key data in a solidification process are collected, the temperature distribution uniformity of a cooling process is ensured, and internal defects and stress problems caused by non-uniform cooling are effectively prevented.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of low-pressure casting, in particular to a mold for measuring internal cooling data of low-pressure casting castings. BACKGROUND

[0002] Low-pressure casting is a casting technology that slowly injects molten metal into a mold through low pressure, and its process feature is to make the metal flow upward along the riser pipe and uniformly fill the mold by applying an appropriate amount of low pressure to the metal liquid in a sealed environment. Compared with traditional casting methods, low-pressure casting effectively reduces pores and impurities in the casting, improves the density and mechanical properties of the casting, and is particularly suitable for producing complex, large and thin-walled aluminum alloy castings. Aluminum alloy has become a key material widely used in the aviation, automotive, construction and other industries due to its good mechanical properties, low density and excellent corrosion resistance. In particular, in the automotive industry, A356 aluminum alloy is a casting aluminum alloy with a high silicon content, commonly used to manufacture complex structures and high-load-bearing components such as wheels, engine supports and other critical parts.

[0003] Currently, the casting of A356 aluminum alloy usually relies on several traditional processes such as sand casting, die casting and precision casting, but they often have problems such as the need for complex post-processing (such as post-casting machining, surface treatment, etc.), material waste and long production cycle during production. However, due to its advantages in casting precision and internal quality control, low-pressure casting is increasingly applied in aluminum alloy casting production. However, in practical applications, the solidification rate in low-pressure casting technology directly affects the grain structure and final mechanical properties of the casting. Too fast or too slow solidification rate can cause defects such as cracks, pores and hot cracks in the casting. Therefore, accurately measuring the cooling rate and temperature change during the solidification process of aluminum alloy is crucial for optimizing the casting process and improving the quality of the casting.

[0004] Currently, although traditional low-pressure casting technology can measure the temperature change on the surface of the casting through external temperature sensors (41), it often cannot provide accurate internal cooling data because it cannot penetrate into the interior of the casting. This limitation makes it difficult for operators to monitor the temperature change inside the casting in real time and adjust the cooling rate according to actual conditions, thereby failing to accurately optimize the casting process in each production cycle.

[0005] Based on the above situation, we propose a mold for measuring internal cooling data of low-pressure casting castings to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides a mold for measuring internal cooling data of low-pressure casting castings to solve the problem that the temperature change inside the casting cannot be obtained in the prior art, which is inconvenient for adjusting the cooling rate.

[0007] The technical problems solved by the present application are realized by the following technical solutions:

[0008] A mold for measuring internal cooling data of low-pressure casting castings, comprising a mold body, a sampling end, a sensor mounting unit, a cooling mechanism and a controller, the mold body comprises an upper mold base and a lower mold base arranged oppositely, when the upper mold base and the lower mold base are closed, a cavity is formed between the upper mold base and the lower mold base, the cavity is used to accommodate aluminum liquid for casting of castings, and a sprue cup is arranged at the center of the lower mold base for the aluminum liquid to enter the cavity, the number of the sampling ends is multiple and each is arranged at the outer edge of the mold body, the distance between adjacent two sampling ends is equal, and the distance between each sampling end and the center point of the mold body is the same, the sensor mounting unit comprises multiple mounting holes arranged on the sampling end for mounting temperature sensors for detecting temperature changes of the castings in the cavity, the cooling mechanism is arranged on the sampling end for cooling the castings, and the controller is connected with the temperature sensors at the input end and connected with the cooling mechanism at the output end for receiving signals of the temperature sensors and controlling the cooling mechanism to adjust the cooling rate.

[0009] Preferably, the sensor mounting unit comprises multiple first position mounting holes arranged on the sampling end of the upper mold base and multiple second position mounting holes arranged on the sampling end of the lower mold base, and multiple half notches are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the sampling end of the upper mold base and the sampling end of the lower mold base, and the third position mounting hole is formed between the two half notches when the upper mold base and the lower mold base are closed.

[0010] Preferably, the sensor mounting unit further comprises a center mounting hole arranged at the center of the upper mold base, and the temperature sensor in the center mounting hole is used to measure the inlet temperature of the aluminum liquid when entering the cavity to ensure accurate initial temperature control.

[0011] Preferably, the cooling mechanism is a air-cooled cooling groove arranged on the sampling end.

[0012] Preferably, the cooling mechanism is a cooling pipe arranged in the sampling end, and a water pump is connected to the cooling pipe.

[0013] An implementation method of a mold for measuring internal cooling data of low-pressure casting castings, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1: installing temperature sensors in multiple mounting holes and calibrating;

[0015] S2: setting experimental parameters and adjusting the cooling system according to the temperature detection values of multiple temperature sensors;

[0016] S3: recording and analyzing multiple temperature sensor temperature data in real time;

[0017] S4: Perform mechanical property testing and microstructure analysis;

[0018] S5: Optimize the process according to the experimental results and feedback to production.

[0019] The present application has the beneficial effects of:

[0020] The temperature sensor in the first position mounting hole, the second position mounting hole and the third position mounting hole can comprehensively and finely monitor the temperature changes of the upper, middle and lower parts of the casting sample during the casting process, accurately record the temperature changes inside the aluminum liquid, collect key data during the solidification process, ensure the uniformity of temperature distribution during the cooling process, effectively prevent internal defects and stress problems caused by uneven cooling, and significantly improve the overall quality and mechanical properties of the casting.

[0021] The cooling mechanism is connected with the control system, and the cooling rate of the cooling mechanism can be adjusted according to the real-time temperature data detected by the temperature sensor, so as to ensure that the casting maintains the preset cooling rate during the cooling process, thereby reducing stress concentration and defects caused by temperature fluctuations, and significantly improving the stability and accuracy of the casting cooling process, and reducing errors caused by human intervention.

[0022] After the casting is completed, the casting in the sampling end can be sampled, which is convenient for subsequent mechanical property testing and microstructure analysis, and the multiple sample extraction function provides strong data support for quality detection and cooling parameter optimization of the casting, so that the production process can be tracked and controlled at each stage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0024] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the equiaxed side structure provided by the present application Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the equiaxed side structure provided by the present application Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure provided by the present application

[0027] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment in the present application

[0028] Figure 5 Structure diagram of the second embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 Principle block diagram of the present application;

[0030] Figure 7 Flow chart of the method for measuring internal cooling data of low-pressure casting castings in the present application.

[0031] In the figure, 1, upper die holder; 11, upper die support; 2, lower die holder; 21, lower die support; 22, bottom plate; 23, guide pillar; 24, top plate; 25, fixed plate; 26, ejector pin; 3, cavity; 31, sprue cup; 4, sampling end; 41, temperature sensor; 42, air-cooled cooling groove; 43, cooling pipe; 44, water pump; 5, controller; 6, first position mounting hole; 61, second position mounting hole; 62, third position mounting hole; 63, center mounting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the technical means, creative features, purposes and effects of the present application easy to understand, the present application is further described below in combination with specific drawings.

[0033] REFERENCE Figures 1-7As shown, a mold for measuring internal cooling data of low-pressure casting castings comprises a mold body, the mold body comprises an upper mold base 1 and a lower mold base 2 arranged oppositely, when the upper mold base 1 and the lower mold base 2 are closed, a cavity 3 is formed between the upper mold base 1 and the lower mold base 2, the cavity 3 is used to contain aluminum liquid for casting, and a pouring cup 31 is arranged at the center of the lower mold base 2 for the aluminum liquid to enter the cavity 3, in use, the aluminum alloy melt is poured into the cavity 3 from bottom to top through the pouring cup 31, so that the aluminum alloy melt flows and uniformly fills the cavity 3, and the lower mold base 2 is connected with a lower mold support 21 and a bottom plate 22 below for supporting and fixing the lower mold base 2, the upper mold base 1 is connected with an upper mold support 11, the upper mold support 11 is connected with a top plate 24 through an extensible guide column 23, and the fixed end of the guide column 23 is connected with a fixed plate 25, the fixed plate 25 is provided with a top rod 26, when the casting is completed and the guide column 23 drives the upper mold base 1 to move upward, the top rod 26 enters the cavity 3 through the through hole in the upper mold base 1, and the castings in the upper mold base 1 can be ejected (this technology is prior art, and those skilled in the art should know that it is not the main point of the present application, so it will not be described in detail), the present application mainly aims at the fact that the castings in the cavity 3 will gradually cool down during the low-pressure casting process, different cooling rates will cause different microstructures and properties of the castings, and the temperature changes of each part of the castings are monitored, and the cooling rate is finely adjusted in real time to avoid internal defects and stress problems caused by uneven cooling, which will be described in detail below.

[0034] Specifically, referring to Figures 1-2 As shown, a plurality of sampling ends 4 are arranged on the outer edge of the mold body, the distance between adjacent two sampling ends 4 is equal, and the distance between each sampling end 4 and the center point of the mold body is the same, when the aluminum liquid enters the cavity 3 from the pouring cup 31, it will be uniformly dispersed into the plurality of sampling ends 4, in order to facilitate the temperature monitoring of each part of the castings in the cavity 3, a sensor mounting unit is further included, the sensor mounting unit comprises a plurality of mounting holes arranged on the sampling end 4 for mounting temperature sensors 41 for detecting the temperature changes of the castings in the cavity 3, and a cooling mechanism is further arranged on the sensor mounting unit for cooling the castings, and the temperature sensors 41 are electrically connected with a controller 5, the output end of the controller 5 is connected with the cooling mechanism for receiving the signal of the temperature sensors 41 and controlling the cooling mechanism to adjust the cooling rate, in use, the calibrated temperature sensors 41 are first installed in the mounting holes, the temperature of the castings in the cavity 3 is detected from different parts, and the detection results are transmitted to the controller 5, the controller 5 controls the cooling mechanism of each sampling end 4 to adjust the cooling rate according to the temperature data, so as to ensure that the castings maintain a predetermined cooling rate during the cooling process, thereby reducing the internal stress and defects caused by temperature fluctuation.

[0035] The temperature sensor 41 can adopt a K-type thermocouple, which is based on the thermoelectric effect between two different metal conductors to measure temperature changes. The temperature sensor 41 is installed at a specific position in the mold body to monitor the temperature changes of the casting during the casting process in real time. The data of the K-type thermocouple can provide support for precise control of the cooling process, thereby improving the quality of the casting.

[0036] Further, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the sensor mounting unit includes a plurality of first position mounting holes 6 opened on the sampling end 4 of the upper die seat 1 and a plurality of second position mounting holes 61 opened on the sampling end 4 of the lower die seat 2. The temperature sensors 41 installed in the first position mounting holes 6 and the second position mounting holes 61 can detect the temperature on the upper side and the lower side of the casting. The opposite surfaces of the sampling end 4 of the upper die seat 1 and the sampling end 4 of the lower die seat 2 are both provided with a plurality of half notches. When the upper die seat 1 and the lower die seat 2 are closed, a third position mounting hole 62 is formed between the two half notches. The temperature sensor 41 in the third position mounting hole 62 can detect the temperature of the middle part of the casting, thereby comprehensively and finely monitoring the temperature changes during the casting process in real time.

[0037] Further, the sensor mounting unit also includes a center mounting hole 63 opened at the center of the upper die seat 1. The temperature sensor 41 in the center mounting hole 63 is used to measure the inlet temperature when the aluminum liquid enters the cavity 3, so as to ensure the accuracy of the initial temperature control. Referring to Figures 1-5 , taking the number of the first position mounting holes 6 and the second position mounting holes 61 on each sampling end 4 as three, and the number of the third position mounting holes 62 as three, the number of the sampling ends 4 is set to five groups. Each group of the sampling ends 4 is provided with nine temperature sensors 41, which are matched with the temperature sensor 41 at the position of the center mounting hole 63. There are 46 temperature sensors 41 provided on the entire mold body. By collecting the temperature-time curves of the five sampling positions in real time, the cooling process inside the casting is monitored in real time, so as to obtain the corresponding relationship between the temperature and the organization and mechanical properties of the upper side of the five samples, the inside of the casting, and the lower side.

[0038] After the casting is condensed and solidified and taken out, the casting in the plurality of sampling ends 4 is cut and sampled to obtain a plurality of test samples, which are convenient for subsequent mechanical property testing and microstructure analysis, thereby providing strong data support for quality detection and cooling parameter optimization of the casting, so that the production process can be tracked and controlled at each stage.

[0039] Referring to Figure 4As shown, the first embodiment provided by the application is that the cooling mechanism is the air cooling groove 42 opened on the sampling end 4. When cooling, air is used as the cooling medium to take away the heat of the casting. When the air flows through the air cooling groove 42, the heat is transferred from the mold body and the casting surface with higher temperature to the air with lower temperature. In the low pressure casting process, the casting is solidified and formed in the mold body, and a large amount of heat is released. The air cooling groove 42 on the mold body can guide the air flow and accelerate the heat dissipation. Ventilation equipment such as a fan (not shown in the figure) for blowing can be arranged on each sampling end 4. When the temperature sensor 41 monitors that the internal temperature of the casting decreases faster than the ideal cooling curve, that is, the cooling rate is too high, the cooling rate can be reduced by reducing the ventilation amount of the air cooling groove 42. The rotation speed of the ventilation equipment is adjusted, for example, the original rotation speed of the fan is 2000 revolutions / minute. In order to reduce the cooling rate, the rotation speed of the fan can be reduced to 1000 revolutions / minute. In this way, the air flow through the cooling groove is reduced, and the heat taken away is also reduced accordingly, so that the cooling speed of the casting is slowed down. According to the monitoring data of the temperature sensor 41, if it is found that the casting temperature of different sampling ends 4 is inconsistent, the air cooling groove 42 can also be controlled in different zones. The ventilation equipment in the corresponding sampling end 4 can be controlled.

[0040] With reference to Figure 5As shown, this is the second embodiment of the present invention: the cooling mechanism is a cooling pipe 43 located inside the sampling end 4, and a water pump 44 is connected to the cooling pipe 43. One end of the cooling pipe 43 can be connected to a container holding coolant. The cooling pipe 43 passes through the sampling end 4, and the coolant in the cooling pipe 43 absorbs the heat of the mold body and the casting. The coolant is circulated by the water pump 44. When adjusting the cooling rate, the flow rate of the coolant can be changed by adjusting the speed of the water pump 44. If the temperature sensor 41 detects that the cooling rate of the casting is too fast, the speed of the water pump 44 can be reduced to slow down the cooling rate. For example, if the original speed of the water pump 44 is 3000 rpm, the corresponding coolant flow rate is 10 liters / minute. After reducing the speed of the water pump 44 to 1500 rpm, the coolant flow rate may be reduced to 5 liters / minute. In this way, the heat removed per unit time is reduced, thereby reducing the cooling rate. This is different from the first embodiment. For thin-walled castings or alloys requiring high cooling rates, water cooling is more effective. Water cooling can quickly lower the casting temperature to a suitable crystallization temperature range, resulting in an ideal microstructure. Air cooling, on the other hand, has a relatively slow cooling rate and is suitable for castings with lower cooling rate requirements or simple shapes, such as some large, thick-walled aluminum alloy castings. To avoid excessive internal stress and cracking caused by excessively rapid cooling, the slow cooling method of air cooling may be more suitable. Due to the characteristics of air flow, the cooling rate may be faster in areas near the vents or along the air flow path, while the cooling uniformity may be poor in corners or obstructed areas. Water cooling, with its flexible cooling pipe design (43), can better ensure the cooling uniformity of the mold and casting. Through a reasonable layout of the cooling pipes (43), the temperature of each part of the casting can drop more evenly. However, the manufacturing cost and difficulty may be relatively more complex than air cooling.

[0041] The invention also provides a method for implementing a mold for measuring internal cooling data of low-pressure castings. This method is based on the aforementioned mold for measuring internal cooling data of low-pressure castings and includes the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: Install temperature sensors 41 in the multiple mounting holes and calibrate them;

[0043] The specific implementation method for step one is as follows:

[0044] S101: Prepare the mold

[0045] The low-pressure casting mold that has been designed and manufactured is used. The mold is equipped with multiple temperature sensors 41 (such as K-type thermocouples). The temperature sensors 41 should be evenly distributed in key parts of the casting (such as different thickness areas of the casting, near the cooling pipes 43, etc.) to ensure that temperature changes during the cooling process can be fully monitored.

[0046] S102: Calibration of sensors

[0047] All temperature sensors 41 in the mold body are calibrated to ensure accurate and reliable readings. This step includes verifying the functionality of each temperature sensor 41 to ensure it is working properly and accurately recording temperature data, as well as conducting preliminary tests to confirm the stability and effectiveness of the data acquisition system.

[0048] Step two: Set experiment parameters and adjust cooling system based on temperature detection values from multiple temperature sensors 41;

[0049] The specific implementation method of step two is as follows:

[0050] S201: Define experiment parameters

[0051] Set key parameters during casting, including casting temperature, injection pressure, cooling speed, etc. Multiple cooling speeds (such as 5°C / s, 10°C / s and 15°C / s) should be set for the experiment to study the impact of different cooling rates on casting performance.

[0052] S202: Adjust cooling system

[0053] Adjust the cooling system of the mold body (such as cooling water flow rate, temperature and cooling time) according to experimental needs to achieve the desired cooling rate, ensuring that the cooling system can uniformly distribute cooling medium in the mold and accurately control temperature changes in each area.

[0054] Step three: Real-time recording and analysis of temperature data from multiple temperature sensors 41;

[0055] The specific implementation method of step three is as follows:

[0056] S301: Real-time recording of temperature data

[0057] During the casting process, the system will record temperature-time data curves from 46 temperature sensors 41 in real time. These data will reflect the temperature changes of the casting during the entire cooling process, helping to evaluate the solidification rate under different cooling speeds.

[0058] S302: Data analysis and evaluation

[0059] Analyze the collected temperature data to evaluate the temperature distribution in the mold body under different cooling rates. Through analysis of the temperature field, evaluate the impact of the cooling process on the solidification rate of the casting and derive the relationship between cooling rate and the microstructure of the casting.

[0060] Step four: Perform mechanical property testing and microstructure analysis;

[0061] S401: Cutting standard samples and performing mechanical tests

[0062] Standard samples are cut from the aluminum alloy castings cast under different cooling rates, and conventional mechanical property tests such as tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation are performed to evaluate the impact of different cooling rates on the mechanical properties of the castings.

[0063] S402: Microstructure characterization

[0064] Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are used to analyze the microstructure of the castings, focusing on grain size, grain distribution, and possible defects such as porosity and cold shut. Through these analyses, the impact of different cooling rates on the internal structure of the castings is further evaluated.

[0065] Step five: Optimize the process according to the experimental results and feedback to production.

[0066] S501: Process parameter adjustment

[0067] Based on the experimental results, adjust the casting process parameters (such as casting temperature, pressure, cooling rate, etc.) to optimize the mechanical properties and microstructure of the castings. Through fine adjustment of these parameters, better casting quality can be achieved, especially in improving the internal uniformity and structural integrity of the castings.

[0068] S502: Feedback and report preparation

[0069] Prepare a detailed experimental report summarizing the impact of different cooling rates on the quality, performance and microstructure of the castings. Based on the data in the report, further optimize the parameter settings in the production process to ensure that aluminum alloy castings that meet quality standards can be stably produced in actual production.

[0070] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present application and the advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited by the above examples, and the above examples and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the internal cooling data of a mold for low-pressure casting, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: a mold body comprising an upper mold base (1) and a lower mold base (2) arranged oppositely, a cavity (3) being defined between the upper mold base (1) and the lower mold base (2) when the upper mold base (1) and the lower mold base (2) are closed, the cavity (3) being used for containing aluminum liquid for casting, and a sprue cup (31) being arranged at the center of the lower mold base (2) for the aluminum liquid to enter the cavity (3); a plurality of sampling ends (4) arranged at the outer edge of the mold body, the distance between any two adjacent sampling ends (4) being equal, and the distance between each sampling end (4) and the center point of the mold body being the same; a sensor mounting unit comprising a plurality of mounting holes arranged on the sampling end (4) for mounting temperature sensors (41) for detecting the temperature change of the casting in the cavity (3); a cooling mechanism arranged on the sampling end (4) for cooling the casting; a controller (5) connected to the temperature sensors (41) at the input end and connected to the cooling mechanism at the output end for receiving the signals of the temperature sensors (41) and controlling the cooling mechanism to adjust the cooling rate. The method comprises the following steps: S1: installing temperature sensors (41) in the mounting holes and calibrating them; S2: setting experimental parameters and adjusting the cooling system according to the temperature detection values of the temperature sensors (41); S3: recording and analyzing the temperature data of the temperature sensors (41) in real time; S4: testing the mechanical properties and analyzing the microstructure; S5: optimizing the process according to the experimental results and feeding back to the production; Step one: installing temperature sensors (41) in the mounting holes and calibrating them; The specific implementation method of step one is as follows: S101: preparing the mold using a low-pressure casting mold that has been designed and manufactured, the mold is equipped with a plurality of temperature sensors (41), the temperature sensors (41) should be evenly distributed in the key parts of the casting to ensure that the temperature change during the cooling process can be monitored comprehensively; S102: calibrating the sensors calibrating all temperature sensors (41) in the mold body to ensure that the readings of the temperature sensors (41) are accurate and reliable, this step includes verifying the function of each temperature sensor (41) to ensure that it works normally and can accurately record temperature data, and at the same time, a preliminary test is conducted to confirm the stability and effectiveness of the data acquisition system; Step two: setting experimental parameters and adjusting the cooling system according to the temperature detection values of the temperature sensors (41); The specific implementation method of step two is as follows: S201: defining experimental parameters setting key parameters during casting, including casting temperature, injection pressure, cooling speed, etc., the experiment should set multiple cooling speeds to study the influence of different cooling rates on the performance of the casting; S202: adjusting the cooling system ​ According to the experimental needs, adjust the cooling system of the mold body to achieve the predetermined cooling rate, ensure that the cooling system can uniformly distribute the cooling medium in the mold, and accurately control the temperature change of each area; Step three: record and analyze the temperature data of multiple temperature sensors (41) in real time; The specific implementation method of step three is as follows: S301: Real-time recording of temperature data During the casting process, the system will record the temperature-time data curve from the 46 temperature sensors (41) in real time. These data will reflect the temperature change of the casting during the entire cooling process, helping to evaluate the solidification rate under different cooling rates; S302: Data analysis and evaluation Analyze the collected temperature data to evaluate the temperature distribution in the mold body under different cooling rates. Through the analysis of the temperature field, evaluate the influence of the cooling process on the solidification rate of the casting and deduce the relationship between the cooling rate and the microstructure of the casting; Step four: mechanical property testing and microstructure analysis; S401: Cutting standard samples and performing mechanical tests Cut standard samples from aluminum alloy castings cast under different cooling rates and perform conventional mechanical property tests such as tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation to evaluate the influence of different cooling rates on the mechanical properties of the castings; S402: Microstructure characterization Use optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy to analyze the microstructure of the casting, focusing on grain size, grain distribution, and possible defects. Through these analyses, further evaluate the influence of different cooling rates on the internal structure of the casting; Step five: optimize the process according to the experimental results and feedback to production; S501: Process parameter adjustment Based on the experimental results, adjust the casting process parameters to optimize the mechanical properties and microstructure of the castings. By fine-tuning these parameters, achieve better casting quality, especially in terms of improving internal uniformity and structural integrity; S502: Feedback and report preparation Prepare a detailed experimental report summarizing the influence of different cooling rates on the quality, performance, and microstructure of the castings. Based on the data in the report, adjust the parameter settings in the production process to ensure that aluminum alloy castings that meet quality standards can be stably produced in actual production.

2. A method of measuring the internal cooling data of a mold for low pressure casting according to claim 1, wherein The sensor mounting unit includes a plurality of first position mounting holes (6) opened on the sampling end (4) of the upper die seat (1) and a plurality of second position mounting holes (61) opened on the sampling end (4) of the lower die seat (2), and a plurality of half notches are opened on the opposite surfaces of the sampling end (4) of the upper die seat (1) and the sampling end (4) of the lower die seat, when the upper die seat (1) and the lower die seat (2) are closed, the third position mounting hole (62) is formed between the two half notches.

3. A method of measuring the internal cooling data of a mold for low pressure casting according to claim 1, wherein, The sensor mounting unit also includes a center mounting hole (63) opened at the center of the upper die seat (1), and the temperature sensor (41) in the center mounting hole (63) is used to measure the inlet temperature when the aluminum liquid enters the cavity (3), to ensure accurate initial temperature control.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the mold is a mold for measuring internal cooling data of a low pressure casting casting, and The cooling mechanism is a air-cooled cooling groove (42) opened on the sampling end (4).

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the mold is a mold for measuring internal cooling data of a low pressure casting casting, and The cooling mechanism is a cooling pipe (43) arranged in the sampling end (4), and a water pump (44) is connected to the cooling pipe (43).

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