Test apparatus and test method for aircraft voice alarm system

Abstract

This invention proposes a test apparatus and method for an aircraft voice alarm system. The test apparatus includes a housing, AC / DC power supply, signal source, control device, indicating system, stopwatch, power meter, active speaker, and oscilloscope. This invention addresses the testing requirements of aircraft voice alarm systems regarding alarm priority, power consumption, and system input / output characteristics, designing corresponding testing methods to more accurately reflect the system's maintenance quality. This test apparatus effectively improves the repair quality of aircraft voice alarm systems, shortens the repair cycle, and completely solves the repair testing requirements of aircraft voice alarm systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aircraft airborne equipment testing technology, specifically to an aircraft voice warning system tester and test method. Background Technology

[0002] Aircraft voice warning systems are crucial airborne equipment that receives and processes external warning trigger signals, plays corresponding voice warnings to alert pilots and prompt them to take appropriate action. The voice warning system of a certain type of aircraft receives onboard warning trigger signals. These signals are positive control signals, triggered using positive electricity: engine power failure, main hydraulic pressure reduction, landing gear extension, over-temperature 1, fuel cut-off, engine over-vibration, engine icing, over-temperature 2, guide vane de-icing, and auxiliary pump operation. Signals such as engine fire, converter failure, stall, altitude deviation, lubricating oil failure, fuel pump failure, environmental control over-temperature, battery over-temperature, fuel filter failure, left fuel depletion, right fuel depletion, wing fuel depletion, remaining fuel, and altitude are negative control signals, triggered using negative electricity. The voice warning system compares these signals and prioritizes them according to their impact on flight or mission requirements. Signals with higher priority are sent to the integrated warning display light box, illuminating the corresponding signal and emitting an audible signal through the headset.

[0003] After an aircraft undergoes major overhaul, it is necessary to test the performance of the aircraft's voice alarm system. Currently, the main method is to generate trigger signals on board to observe the working status of the aircraft's voice alarm system. This requires the cooperation of various aircraft systems, and the testing process is cumbersome. Moreover, it can only detect the correspondence between voice alarm phrases and alarm signals in the voice alarm system. Existing methods cannot detect other performance aspects of the voice alarm system, such as alarm priority, power consumption, and system input / output characteristics. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention proposes an aircraft voice alarm system tester and test method, which can test the performance indicators of the aircraft voice alarm system, such as the correspondence between voice alarm phrases and alarm signals, the number of alarm channels, alarm priority, alarm reset, channel input current, output voltage, power consumption, speech rate, and sentence interval time.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0006] The aforementioned aircraft voice alarm system test apparatus includes a housing, an AC / DC power supply, a signal source, a control device, an indication system, an electric stopwatch, a power meter, an active speaker, and an oscilloscope;

[0007] The AC / DC power supply is used to convert the externally supplied AC power into the DC power required for the operation of the test instrument.

[0008] The signal source is used to generate several warning trigger signals;

[0009] The control device is used to select and control the warning trigger signal, so that the warning trigger signal is sent to the aircraft voice alarm system as needed;

[0010] The indicating system includes a voltmeter and an ammeter, used to collect and display the DC voltage input to the tester and the voltage and current of the signal output to the tester;

[0011] The active speaker and oscilloscope display the signals output by the aircraft's voice alarm system in audio and waveform formats, respectively.

[0012] The front panel of the enclosure is equipped with a power switch and corresponding indicator lights, a work / signal selection switch, a work voltage knob, a signal voltage knob, a system signal interface, a voice output interface, an input selection switch, self-locking switches for each warning trigger signal and corresponding indicator lights, a normal / current test selection switch, a work / calibration selection switch, an ammeter display, a voltmeter display, and an oscilloscope display.

[0013] The power switch controls the operation of the AC / DC power supply; the work / signal selection switch selects whether the voltage regulation object is the working voltage or the signal voltage, the working voltage knob adjusts the working voltage, and the signal voltage knob adjusts the signal voltage; the system signal interface connects to the aircraft voice alarm system, transmits warning trigger signals to the aircraft voice alarm system, and receives the output signals from the aircraft voice alarm system; the voice output interface connects to an active speaker; the input selection switch selects a specific signal from several warning trigger signals; and the self-locking switches for each warning trigger signal control the generation of each warning trigger signal.

[0014] Furthermore, the self-locking switches for each warning trigger signal and the corresponding indicator lights are arranged sequentially according to the priority of the warning trigger signals.

[0015] Furthermore, the warning trigger signal includes a positive control signal and a negative control signal.

[0016] Furthermore, the control device can automatically connect each warning trigger signal in priority order by setting a timing control, or it can manually connect one or more of the signals.

[0017] The method for testing using the aforementioned aircraft voice warning system tester includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Preparations before testing:

[0019] Step 1.1: Connect a suitable AC power supply to the testing apparatus;

[0020] Step 1.2: Set both the work / calibration selection switches on the front panel of the tester to the "Work" position;

[0021] Step 1.3: Turn on the power switch on the front panel of the tester and observe that the indicator light on the power switch illuminates, and the voltmeter and ammeter start working; press the self-locking switches of each warning trigger signal respectively, and the corresponding indicator lights will illuminate; set the work / signal selection switch to the "Working V" position and adjust the working voltage knob, observing the voltmeter display screen to adjust the working voltage to the rated working voltage of 27.5V; then set the work / signal selection switch to the "Signal V" position and adjust the signal voltage knob, observing the voltmeter display screen to adjust the signal voltage to ≥18V;

[0022] Step 1.4: Observe whether the oscilloscope display is normal;

[0023] Step 1.5: Pull up the self-locking switches for each warning trigger signal, turn off the power switch, connect the voice output interface to the active speaker, and connect the input signal interface to the aircraft voice alarm system;

[0024] Step 2: Detection process:

[0025] a. Detect the correspondence between voice alarm signals and voice:

[0026] Set the normal / current test selector switch on the front panel of the tester to the "normal" position; set the input selector switch to any position; turn on the power switch; press each warning trigger signal self-locking switch in sequence, and use the active sound to determine whether the alarm broadcast content corresponds to the warning trigger signal of the self-locking switch, and whether the alarm broadcast content has reached the set number of repetitions.

[0027] b. Priority control for detecting voice alarm signals:

[0028] Turn on the power switch, press all the self-locking switches of the warning trigger signals, and play the alarm announcements in sequence through the active speaker. Select a warning trigger signal that has already been played and reset it. Release its self-locking switch and then press it again. The active speaker will determine whether to interrupt the current announcement and will play the reset alarm signal first, and then continue to play the interrupted alarm signal.

[0029] c. Detect the power consumption of each warning trigger signal:

[0030] Turn on the power switch and press all the self-locking switches for each warning trigger signal. Observe the readings of the voltmeter and ammeter when playing the alarm broadcast content of each channel. According to the formula power = current × voltage, the power consumed by each warning trigger signal can be obtained.

[0031] d. Low fuel warning memory function test:

[0032] After detecting the priority control of the voice alarm signal or detecting the power consumption of each warning trigger signal, pop up the self-locking switches corresponding to "Left fuel depleted", "Right fuel depleted", and "Wing fuel depleted", and then press these three self-locking switches again to determine if there is no more voice broadcast prompt; then pop up all the self-locking switches and turn off the power switch; then turn the power switch back on and press the self-locking switches of "Wing fuel depleted", "Left fuel depleted", and "Right fuel depleted" again to determine if there is any voice broadcast;

[0033] e. Input characteristic detection:

[0034] Turn on the power switch, set the work / signal selection switch to the "signal V" position, adjust the signal voltage knob, and adjust the signal voltage to 18V by observing the voltmeter display; set the normal / current test selection switch to the "current test" position.

[0035] Set the input selection switch to the position of a certain warning trigger signal, and press the self-locking switch of the corresponding warning trigger signal. At this time, the ammeter displays the input current of the channel corresponding to that warning trigger signal. Repeat this process to complete the input current detection of the channels corresponding to all warning trigger signals.

[0036] f. Output characteristic detection:

[0037] Turn on the power switch, set the normal / current test selector switch to the "normal" position, set the input selector switch to a certain warning trigger signal position, and press the self-locking switch corresponding to the warning trigger signal. Record the alarm signal waveform during voice broadcast using an oscilloscope, and use the oscilloscope to measure the amplitude and output power of the audio output signal.

[0038] g. Main alarm, main interval, sentence interval, and speech rate test detection:

[0039] Turn on the power switch, set the normal / current test selector switch to the "normal" position, set the input selector switch to a certain warning trigger signal position, and press the self-locking switch of the corresponding warning trigger signal. Record the alarm signal waveform during voice broadcast using an oscilloscope, and use the waveform to measure the duration of the main alarm tone, the duration of the main interval, the duration of the sentence interval, and the total duration.

[0040] Beneficial effects

[0041] This invention proposes an aircraft voice alarm system tester that addresses the testing requirements of aircraft voice alarm systems, including alarm priority, power consumption, and system input / output characteristics. It designs corresponding testing methods to more accurately reflect the system's maintenance quality. This tester effectively improves the repair quality of aircraft voice alarm systems, shortens the repair cycle, and completely solves the repair testing needs of aircraft voice alarm systems.

[0042] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0043] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0044] Figure 1 : Block diagram of the experimental device for the aircraft voice alarm system proposed in this invention;

[0045] Figure 2 : Circuit diagram of the aircraft voice alarm system tester proposed in this invention;

[0046] Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of the test panel of the aircraft voice alarm system proposed in this invention;

[0047] Figure 4 The waveform of the alarm signal displayed on the oscilloscope;

[0048] Figure 5 : Waveform amplitude test diagram of alarm signal displayed on oscilloscope

[0049] Figure 6 : Main alarm, main interval, sentence interval, speech rate test chart. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. These embodiments are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, the aircraft voice alarm system test apparatus in this embodiment includes a housing, an AC / DC power supply, a signal source, a control device, an indicator system, an active speaker, and an oscilloscope.

[0052] The AC / DC power supply is used to convert the externally connected 220V AC power into the 27V DC power required for the tester to operate.

[0053] The signal source is used to generate 24 warning trigger signals, which include positive control signals and negative control signals. The positive control signals include engine power failure, main hydraulic descent, landing gear extension, over-temperature 1, fuel cut-off, engine over-vibration, engine icing, over-temperature 2, guide de-icing, and auxiliary pump operation. The negative control signals include engine ignition, converter failure, stall, altitude error, lubricating oil failure, fuel pump failure, environmental control over-temperature, battery over-temperature, fuel filter failure, left fuel depletion, right fuel depletion, wing fuel depletion, remaining fuel, and altitude.

[0054] The control device is used to select and control 24 warning trigger signals, so that the warning trigger signals are sent to the aircraft voice alarm system as needed; it can automatically connect the 24 warning trigger signals in priority order by setting the timing control, or manually connect one or more of the signals.

[0055] The indicating system includes a voltmeter and an ammeter, used to collect and display the DC voltage input to the tester and the voltage and current of the signal output to the tester;

[0056] The active speaker and oscilloscope display the signals output by the aircraft's voice alarm system in audio and waveform formats, respectively.

[0057] The front panel of the enclosure is equipped with a power switch and corresponding indicator lights, a work / signal selection switch, a work voltage knob, a signal voltage knob, a system signal interface, a voice output interface, an input selection switch, 24-channel warning trigger signal self-locking switches and corresponding indicator lights for each channel, a normal / current test selection switch, a work / calibration selection switch, an ammeter display, a voltmeter display, and an oscilloscope display. The 24-channel warning trigger signal self-locking switches and corresponding indicator lights are arranged according to the priority of the 24 warning trigger signals.

[0058] The power switch controls the operation of the AC / DC power supply; the work / signal selection switch selects whether the voltage regulation object is the working voltage or the signal voltage, the working voltage knob adjusts the working voltage, and the signal voltage knob adjusts the signal voltage; the system signal interface connects to the aircraft voice alarm system, transmits warning trigger signals to the aircraft voice alarm system, and receives the output signals from the aircraft voice alarm system; the voice output interface connects to an active speaker; the input selection switch selects one of the 24 warning trigger signals; the 24-channel warning trigger signal self-locking switch controls the generation of each warning trigger signal.

[0059] The aircraft voice warning system will be tested using the aforementioned testing equipment, including the following steps:

[0060] Step 1: Preparations before testing:

[0061] Step 1.1: Connect a suitable 220V AC power supply to the rear panel of the tester;

[0062] Step 1.2: Set both the work / calibration selection switches on the front panel of the tester to the "Work" position;

[0063] Step 1.3: Turn on the power switch on the front panel of the tester. The indicator light on the power switch will illuminate, and the voltmeter and ammeter will start working. Press the 24-channel warning trigger signal self-locking switch respectively, and the corresponding indicator lights will illuminate. Set the work / signal selection switch to the "Working V" position and adjust the working voltage knob. By observing the voltmeter display, adjust the working voltage to the rated working voltage of 27.5V. Then set the work / signal selection switch to the "Signal V" position and adjust the signal voltage knob. By observing the voltmeter display, adjust the signal voltage to ≥18V.

[0064] Step 1.4: Observe whether the oscilloscope display is normal;

[0065] Step 1.5: Pull up the 24-channel warning trigger signal self-locking switch, turn off the power switch, connect the voice output interface to the active speaker, and connect the input signal interface to the aircraft voice alarm system;

[0066] Step 2: Detection process:

[0067] 1. Detect the correspondence between voice alarm signals and voice messages:

[0068] Set the normal / current test selector switch on the front panel of the tester to the "normal" position; set the input selector switch to any position; turn on the power switch; press the 24-channel warning trigger signal self-locking switch in sequence, and use the active sound to determine whether the alarm broadcast content corresponds to the warning trigger signal of the self-locking switch, and whether the alarm broadcast content has reached the set number of repetitions.

[0069] 2. Priority control of voice alarm signals:

[0070] Turn on the power switch and press all 24 warning trigger signal self-locking switches. Play the alarm announcements sequentially through the active speaker. Select a warning trigger signal that has already been played and reset it. Release its self-locking switch and then press it again. The active speaker will determine whether to interrupt the current announcement and will prioritize playing the reset alarm signal. Then, it will continue playing the interrupted alarm signal.

[0071] 3. Detect the power consumption of each warning trigger signal:

[0072] Turn on the power switch and press all 24 warning trigger signal self-locking switches. Observe the readings of the voltmeter and ammeter when playing the alarm broadcast content of each channel. According to the formula power = current × voltage, the power consumed by each warning trigger signal can be obtained.

[0073] 4. Low fuel warning memory function test:

[0074] After detecting the priority control of the voice alarm signal or detecting the power consumption of each warning trigger signal, pop up the self-locking switches corresponding to "Left fuel depleted", "Right fuel depleted", and "Wing fuel depleted", and then press these three self-locking switches again to determine if there is no more voice broadcast prompt; then pop up all the self-locking switches and turn off the power switch; then turn the power switch back on and press the self-locking switches of "Wing fuel depleted", "Left fuel depleted", and "Right fuel depleted" again to determine if there is any voice broadcast.

[0075] 5. Input characteristic detection:

[0076] Turn on the power switch, set the work / signal selection switch to the "signal V" position, adjust the signal voltage knob, and adjust the signal voltage to 18V by observing the voltmeter display; set the normal / current test selection switch to the "current test" position.

[0077] Set the input selection switch to the position of a specific warning trigger signal, and press the corresponding self-locking switch. The ammeter will then display the input current of the channel corresponding to that warning trigger signal. Repeat this process to complete the input current detection for all 24 warning trigger signals.

[0078] 6. Output characteristic detection:

[0079] Turn on the power switch, set the normal / current test selector switch to the "normal" position, set the input selector switch to a specific warning trigger signal position, and press the self-locking switch corresponding to the warning trigger signal. Record the alarm signal waveform during voice broadcast using an oscilloscope, and measure the amplitude and power of the audio output signal using an oscilloscope. The specific process is as follows:

[0080] Adjust the "VOLTS / DIV" adjustment knob on the oscilloscope to set the unit voltage to 10V. At this time, the lower left corner of the oscilloscope display will show "CH1---10V". Adjust the "SEC / DIV" adjustment knob on the oscilloscope to set the unit time to 250ms. At this time, the bottom of the oscilloscope display will show "M---250ms".

[0081] Press the "CURSORS" button on the oscilloscope. A "Cursor Mode" selection key will appear on the screen. After opening, three options will appear: "Manual," "Auto," and "Off." Selecting Manual mode will display three soft keys: "Type," "CurA," and "CurB." Select "Type" as Voltage. "CurA" (or "CurB") will then be highlighted. Adjust the position of cursor A using the adjustment knob on the right side of the screen until it is aligned with the highest point of the alarm signal. Then, use the soft keys on the right side of the screen to select "CurB" (or "CurA"). "CurB" will then be highlighted. Adjust cursor B until it is aligned with the lowest point of the alarm signal. Figure 5As shown in the diagram. At this point, the voltage displayed on the oscilloscope screen is the output signal amplitude Vp-p value of that channel. The output power is determined based on the signal amplitude and resistance value.

[0082] 7. Main alarm, main interval, sentence interval, and speech rate test detection:

[0083] Turn on the power switch, set the normal / current test selector switch to the "normal" position, set the input selector switch to a specific warning trigger signal position, and press the self-locking switch corresponding to the warning trigger signal. Record the alarm signal waveform during voice broadcast using an oscilloscope. Measure the waveform to obtain the duration of the main alarm tone, the main interval duration, the sentence interval duration, and the total duration. The specific process is as follows:

[0084] Press the "CURSORS" button on the oscilloscope. A "Cursor Mode" selection key will appear on the screen. After opening, three options will appear: "Manual," "Auto," and "Off." Selecting Manual mode will display three soft keys: "Type," "CurA," and "CurB." Select "Type" as Time. "CurA" (or "CurB") will then be highlighted. Adjust the position of cursor A using the adjustment knob on the right side of the screen until it reaches the beginning of the signal. Then, use the soft keys on the right side of the screen to select "CurB" (or "CurA"). "CurB" will then be highlighted. Adjust cursor B to the position corresponding to the alarm signal. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 6 At this point, the time displayed on the oscilloscope screen is the time to be measured.

[0085] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing using an aircraft voice warning system tester, characterized in that: The aircraft voice alarm system test apparatus includes a housing, AC / DC power supply, signal source, control device, indication system, electric stopwatch, power meter, active speaker and oscilloscope; The AC / DC power supply is used to convert the externally supplied AC power into the DC power required for the operation of the test instrument. The signal source is used to generate several warning trigger signals; The control device is used to select and control the warning trigger signal, so that the warning trigger signal is sent to the aircraft voice alarm system as needed; The indicating system includes a voltmeter and an ammeter, used to collect and display the DC voltage input to the tester and the voltage and current of the signal output to the tester; The active speaker and oscilloscope respectively display the signals output by the aircraft's voice alarm system in audio and waveform form; The front panel of the enclosure is equipped with a power switch and corresponding indicator lights, a work / signal selection switch, a work voltage knob, a signal voltage knob, a system signal interface, a voice output interface, an input selection switch, self-locking switches for each warning trigger signal and corresponding indicator lights, a normal / current test selection switch, a work / calibration selection switch, an ammeter display, a voltmeter display, and an oscilloscope display. The power switch controls the operation of the AC / DC power supply; the work / signal selection switch selects whether the voltage regulation object is the working voltage or the signal voltage, the working voltage knob adjusts the working voltage, and the signal voltage knob adjusts the signal voltage; the system signal interface connects to the aircraft voice alarm system, transmits warning trigger signals to the aircraft voice alarm system, and receives the output signals from the aircraft voice alarm system; the voice output interface connects to an active speaker; the input selection switch selects a specific signal from several warning trigger signals; and the self-locking switches for each warning trigger signal control the generation of each warning trigger signal. The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Preparations before testing: Step 1.1: Connect a suitable AC power supply to the testing apparatus; Step 1.2: Set both the work / calibration selection switches on the front panel of the tester to the "Work" position; Step 1.3: Turn on the power switch on the front panel of the tester and observe that the indicator light on the power switch illuminates, and the voltmeter and ammeter start working; press the self-locking switches of each warning trigger signal respectively, and the corresponding indicator lights will illuminate; set the work / signal selection switch to the "Working V" position and adjust the working voltage knob, observing the voltmeter display to adjust the working voltage to the rated working voltage of 27.5V; then set the work / signal selection switch to the "Signal V" position and adjust the signal voltage knob, observing the voltmeter display to adjust the signal voltage to ≥18V; Step 1.4: Observe whether the oscilloscope display is normal; Step 1.5: Pull up the self-locking switches for each warning trigger signal, turn off the power switch, connect the voice output interface to the active speaker, and connect the input signal interface to the aircraft voice alarm system; Step 2: Detection process: a. Detect the correspondence between voice alarm signals and voice: Set the normal / current test selector switch on the front panel of the tester to the "normal" position; set the input selector switch to any position; turn on the power switch; press each warning trigger signal self-locking switch in sequence, and use the active sound to determine whether the alarm broadcast content corresponds to the warning trigger signal corresponding to the self-locking switch, and whether the alarm broadcast content has reached the set number of repetitions. b. Priority control for detecting voice alarm signals: Turn on the power switch, press all the self-locking switches of the warning trigger signals, and play the alarm announcements in sequence through the active speaker. Select a warning trigger signal that has already been played and reset it. Release its self-locking switch and then press it again. The active speaker will determine whether to interrupt the current announcement and will play the reset alarm signal first, and then continue to play the interrupted alarm signal. c. Detect the power consumption of each warning trigger signal: Turn on the power switch and press all the self-locking switches of each warning trigger signal. Observe the readings of the voltmeter and ammeter when playing the alarm broadcast content of each channel. According to the formula power = current × voltage, the power consumed by each warning trigger signal is obtained. d. Low fuel warning memory function test: After detecting the priority control of the voice alarm signal or detecting the power consumption of each warning trigger signal, pop up the self-locking switches corresponding to "Left fuel depleted", "Right fuel depleted", and "Wing fuel depleted", and then press these three self-locking switches again to determine if there is no more voice prompt; then pop up all the self-locking switches and turn off the power switch; then turn the power switch back on and press the self-locking switches of "Wing fuel depleted", "Left fuel depleted", and "Right fuel depleted" again to determine if there is a voice prompt; e. Input characteristic detection: Turn on the power switch, set the work / signal selection switch to the "signal V" position, adjust the signal voltage knob, and adjust the signal voltage to 18V by observing the voltmeter display; set the normal / current test selection switch to the "current test" position. Set the input selection switch to the position of a certain warning trigger signal, and press the self-locking switch of the corresponding warning trigger signal. At this time, the ammeter displays the input current of the channel corresponding to that warning trigger signal. Repeat this process to complete the input current detection of the channels corresponding to all warning trigger signals. f. Output characteristic detection: Turn on the power switch, set the normal / current test selector switch to the "normal" position, set the input selector switch to a certain warning trigger signal position, and press the self-locking switch corresponding to the warning trigger signal. Record the alarm signal waveform during voice broadcast using an oscilloscope, and use the oscilloscope to measure the amplitude and output power of the audio output signal. g. Main alarm, main interval, sentence interval, and speech rate test detection: Turn on the power switch, set the normal / current test selector switch to the "normal" position, set the input selector switch to a certain warning trigger signal position, and press the self-locking switch of the corresponding warning trigger signal. Record the alarm signal waveform during voice broadcast using an oscilloscope, and use the waveform to measure the duration of the main alarm tone, the duration of the main interval, the duration of the sentence interval, and the total duration.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-locking switches for each warning trigger signal and the corresponding indicator lights are arranged in order of priority according to the warning trigger signal.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The warning trigger signal includes a positive control signal and a negative control signal.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control device can automatically connect each warning trigger signal in priority order by setting a timing control, or it can manually connect one or more of the signals.

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