Sodium ion battery cluster level equalization management method and controller

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of sodium-ion battery clusters, and particularly relates to a sodium-ion battery cluster-level equalization management method and a controller, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the real-time parameters of each sodium-ion battery cluster, and judging whether there is a sodium-ion battery cluster with unbalanced electric quantity according to the electrical parameters of each sodium-ion battery cluster; if the sodium-ion battery cluster with unbalanced electric quantity exists, controlling a switch module corresponding to the sodium-ion battery cluster to disconnect the sodium-ion battery cluster from the electric energy transmission module, starting a resistor and a shunt corresponding to the sodium-ion battery cluster, and starting a sodium-ion battery cluster level controller to carry out voltage degradation at the same time; the plurality of sodium ion battery clusters redistribute electric energy, so that the discharge efficiency of the battery clusters in normal operation is kept consistent, and the service life of the battery clusters is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of sodium ion battery clusters, and in particular to a sodium ion battery cluster-level balancing management method and a controller. Background Art

[0002] The working principle of sodium-ion batteries is similar to that of lithium-ion batteries, which store and release electrical energy through the insertion and extraction of ions between the positive and negative electrodes. However, sodium is abundant on Earth, widely distributed, and relatively cheap to obtain, which gives sodium-ion batteries a significant advantage in terms of raw material supply.

[0003] A battery cluster is a whole composed of multiple battery cells. The purpose is to increase the battery terminal voltage. The purpose of parallel connection is to increase the battery group capacity. Its capacity, voltage and operating temperature range will be more efficient than a single battery cell group.

[0004] In the prior art, during the use of battery clusters, when a group of battery clusters encounters an accident and cannot be used, the power supply of the battery clusters will be reallocated to maintain the original power for continued discharge, resulting in the remaining battery clusters taking on more power supply, affecting their service life; therefore, a sodium ion battery cluster-level balancing management method and controller are proposed to address the above problem. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and solve at least one technical problem raised in the background technology, the present invention proposes a sodium ion battery cluster-level balancing management method and controller.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a sodium ion battery cluster level balancing management method, the sodium ion battery cluster balancing management method comprising: Acquire the real-time parameters of each sodium-ion battery cluster, and determine whether there is a sodium-ion battery cluster with unbalanced power according to the electrical parameters of each sodium-ion battery cluster; If there is a sodium ion battery cluster with unbalanced power, the switch module corresponding to the sodium ion battery cluster is controlled to disconnect the sodium ion battery cluster from the power transmission module, and the resistor and shunt corresponding to the sodium ion battery cluster are started, and the sodium ion battery cluster-level controller is started to perform voltage reduction, and multiple sodium ion battery clusters redistribute power.

[0007] Preferably, the real-time parameters of the sodium ion battery cluster include one or more of the voltage, current, and resistance of each battery cluster.

[0008] Preferably, when the voltage of a sodium ion battery cluster exceeds a set threshold, it is determined that there is a sodium ion battery cluster with unbalanced charge.

[0009] Preferably, the resistor and shunt corresponding to the sodium ion battery cluster are started to consume the excess power of the cells with higher power in the sodium ion battery cluster through the resistor or other load.

[0010] Preferably, the voltage degradation is: dividing the multiple sodium ion battery clusters into multiple discharge levels from high voltage to low voltage, when a sodium ion battery cluster of a certain level fails, the passive balancing management module automatically skips the sodium ion battery cluster and adjusts the voltage of the remaining sodium ion battery clusters to discharge balance.

[0011] On the other hand, a sodium ion battery cluster-level balancing management controller is provided for sodium ion battery storage Energy storage system, the energy storage system includes a plurality of sodium ion battery clusters, and a battery cluster-level controller in passive balancing management electrically connected to the sodium ion battery cluster, a battery management system BMS, a switch module for controlling an electric energy transmission module, a three-phase distribution cabinet, a passive balancing management module and a shunt; Each of the sodium ion battery clusters is connected in series with a resistor, and multiple sodium ion battery clusters are connected in series. A shunt is connected in parallel to each of the connected resistors, and the shunt is connected to the passive balancing management module; The battery cluster level controller is responsible for controlling and regulating the charging and discharging process of the sodium ion battery cluster in passive balancing management; The battery management system is responsible for data acquisition, communication, alarm and protection, control, and energy status; The power transmission module is used to transmit power from the power source to the battery cluster, or from the battery cluster to an external load; The switch module is used to control the switch of the power transmission module; The three-phase power distribution cabinet is used to distribute and manage three-phase electrical energy; The passive balancing management module realizes the energy balancing among various sodium ion battery clusters through shunts and resistors.

[0012] Preferably, the passive balancing management module includes: Real-time monitoring of the voltage of each sodium-ion battery cluster; The voltage data is transmitted to the balancing control module to determine the voltage difference between each sodium ion battery cluster; Generate a balancing control strategy based on the voltage difference; Execute a balancing control strategy to discharge the sodium-ion battery cluster with a higher voltage and charge the sodium-ion battery cluster with a lower voltage; The above steps are executed repeatedly until the voltage in the sodium ion battery cluster is balanced.

[0013] Preferably, the voltage difference between each sodium ion battery cluster is determined, and the switch module corresponding to the sodium ion battery cluster is controlled to disconnect the sodium ion battery cluster from the power transmission module, and the resistor and shunt corresponding to the sodium ion battery cluster are started, and the sodium ion battery cluster-level controller is started to perform voltage reduction, and multiple sodium ion battery clusters redistribute power.

[0014] On the other hand, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the battery cluster-level balancing management method as described in any one of the above items are implemented.

[0015] On the other hand, a sodium ion battery cluster-level balancing management controller including any one of the above is provided.

[0016] The present invention is beneficial in that: 1. The present invention consumes the excess power of the cells with higher power in the battery pack through resistors or other loads through passive balancing management. In order to achieve more stable balancing in the process of connecting resistors in series, a resistor is connected in series with each battery cluster to release the excess energy in the form of heat through the resistor. A suitable resistance value is selected according to the specific characteristics of the battery cluster to ensure that the excess power can be effectively consumed without affecting normal discharge. At the same time, the temperature of the resistor and the battery cluster is monitored to avoid resistor failure or battery performance degradation due to overheating. The required resistance value is calculated according to the capacity, voltage range and balancing target of the battery cluster; When one of the multiple battery clusters is damaged, the required resistance value is calculated based on the capacity, voltage range and balancing target of the battery cluster to ensure that excess electricity can be effectively consumed without affecting normal discharge, and the voltage level of the entire power transmission module is automatically downgraded to reduce the discharge voltage of the entire battery cluster. Specifically, when the battery cluster is not damaged, the current of the multiple battery clusters it supplies is 100A. If a battery cluster is abnormally damaged, the current of the multiple battery clusters it supplies will be automatically adjusted to a current range of 90A to 95A or 105A to 110A, so that multiple battery clusters can redistribute electric energy, keep the discharge efficiency of normally operating battery clusters consistent, and extend the service life of the battery cluster. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1The present invention is a flowchart of the sodium ion battery cluster-level balancing management method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Specific examples are given below.

[0021] See also Figure 1 As shown, a sodium ion battery cluster-level balancing management method and controller are used in a sodium ion battery energy storage system, wherein the energy storage system includes a plurality of sodium ion battery clusters, and a battery cluster-level controller in passive balancing management electrically connected to the sodium ion battery cluster, a battery management system BMS, a switch module for controlling an electric energy transmission module, a three-phase distribution cabinet, a passive balancing management module and a shunt; Each of the sodium ion battery clusters is connected in series with a resistor, and a shunt is connected in parallel to each of the resistors connected in series with the multiple sodium ion battery clusters, and the shunt is connected to the passive balancing management module; The sodium ion battery cluster balancing management method comprises: Acquire the real-time parameters of each sodium-ion battery cluster, and determine whether there is a sodium-ion battery cluster with unbalanced power according to the electrical parameters of each sodium-ion battery cluster; If there is a sodium ion battery cluster with unbalanced power, the switch module corresponding to the sodium ion battery cluster is controlled to disconnect the sodium ion battery cluster from the power transmission module, and the resistor and shunt corresponding to the sodium ion battery cluster are started, and the sodium ion battery cluster-level controller is started to perform voltage reduction, and multiple sodium ion battery clusters redistribute power.

[0022] When working, the passive balancing management consumes the excess power of the cells with higher power in the battery pack through resistors or other loads. In order to achieve more stable balancing in the process of series resistance, a resistor is connected in series with each sodium-ion battery cluster to release the excess energy in the form of heat through the resistor. The appropriate resistance value is selected according to the specific characteristics of the sodium-ion battery cluster to ensure that the excess power can be effectively consumed without affecting the normal discharge. At the same time, the temperature of the resistor and the sodium-ion battery cluster is monitored to avoid resistor failure or battery performance degradation due to overheating. The required resistance value is calculated according to the capacity, voltage range and balancing target of the sodium-ion battery cluster. When one of the multiple sodium-ion battery clusters is damaged, the required resistance value is calculated according to the capacity, voltage range and balancing target of the sodium-ion battery cluster to ensure that the excess electricity can be effectively consumed without affecting normal discharge, and the voltage level of the entire power transmission module is automatically downgraded to reduce the discharge voltage of the entire battery cluster. Specifically, when the sodium-ion battery cluster is not damaged, the currents of the multiple battery clusters powered by it are all 100A. If a sodium-ion battery cluster is abnormally damaged, the currents of the multiple sodium-ion battery clusters powered by it will be automatically adjusted to the current range of 90A to 95A or 105A to 110A, so that the multiple sodium-ion battery clusters redistribute electric energy, so that the discharge efficiency of the sodium-ion battery clusters in normal operation remains consistent, and the service life of the sodium-ion battery cluster is extended; The sodium-ion battery cluster-level controller is responsible for controlling and regulating the charging and discharging process of the sodium-ion battery cluster in passive balancing management; The sodium ion battery cluster-level controller is responsible for controlling and regulating the charging and discharging process of the sodium ion battery cluster in passive balancing management; The battery management system (BMS) is responsible for data acquisition, communication, alarm and protection, control, and energy status; The power transmission module is used to transmit power from the power source to the sodium ion battery cluster, or from the sodium ion battery cluster to an external load; The switch module is used to control the switch of the power transmission module; The three-phase power distribution cabinet is used to distribute and manage three-phase electrical energy; The passive balancing management module realizes energy balancing between sodium ion battery clusters through shunts and resistors.

[0023] Furthermore, the required resistance value is calculated according to the capacity, voltage range and balancing target of the sodium ion battery cluster to ensure that excess electricity can be effectively consumed without affecting normal discharge. The resistance value calculation formula is: is the battery voltage difference, is the required balancing current; Here is an example of calculating the resistance and power requirements given the voltage difference and balancing current of a sodium-ion battery cluster: Sodium ion battery cluster voltage difference : 5V; Required balancing current :10A; To calculate the resistor value, use the formula: Additionally, to ensure that the resistor can safely handle the power passing through it, you need to calculate the power of the resistor. The power of a resistor is calculated as follows: , Therefore, choose a resistor with a resistance value of 0.5Ω and a power rating of at least 50W to ensure the stability and reliability of the resistor in long-term use; The management steps of the passive balancing management module are: Real-time monitoring of the voltage of each sodium-ion battery cluster; The voltage data is transmitted to the balancing control module to determine the voltage difference between each sodium ion battery cluster; Generate a balancing control strategy based on the voltage difference; Execute a balancing control strategy to discharge the sodium-ion battery cluster with a higher voltage and charge the sodium-ion battery cluster with a lower voltage; The above steps are executed repeatedly until the voltages among the sodium ion battery clusters are balanced; In one embodiment, the real-time parameters of the sodium ion battery cluster include one or more of the voltage, current, and resistance of each battery cluster.

[0024] When working, the voltage of the sodium-ion battery cluster refers to the potential difference between the two ends of the battery cluster. The voltage value of the sodium-ion battery cluster can reflect its charging state and health. Abnormal voltage of the sodium-ion battery cluster may mean that the sodium-ion battery cluster is faulty, overcharged or over-discharged, or the voltage of the sodium-ion battery cluster is unbalanced. By real-time monitoring of the voltage of the sodium-ion battery cluster, it is possible to determine whether the sodium-ion battery cluster is operating normally and whether there are abnormalities in charging or discharging. In a system where multiple sodium-ion battery clusters are connected in series or in parallel, it is important to ensure voltage balance. If the voltage is not balanced, it may be necessary to adjust the load of the sodium-ion battery cluster or perform charge balancing operations; The current in a sodium-ion battery cluster refers to the amount of current flowing through the battery cluster. The magnitude and stability of the current can indicate the load condition of the battery and whether it is working properly. Detecting the current of a sodium-ion battery cluster can assess whether the load is within the normal range. If the current is abnormal, it may indicate that the sodium-ion battery cluster is overloaded or has an internal fault. The battery's operating mode can be adjusted according to the change in current to ensure balanced load distribution and prevent a sodium-ion battery cluster from being overloaded. The resistance of the sodium-ion battery cluster can reflect the internal resistance of the battery. A high internal resistance may be a sign of battery aging or other problems. By monitoring the resistance of the sodium-ion battery cluster, the health of the battery can be evaluated. An increase in internal resistance usually indicates battery aging or failure. Batteries with high internal resistance will result in more energy loss. The abnormality judgment module is responsible for real-time detection and analysis of the voltage, current, temperature, resistance and other data of the battery cluster to identify any potential problems or abnormal conditions. The module can set thresholds and standards and compare the real-time data with these thresholds to determine whether there are abnormalities, thereby ensuring that the battery cluster is within the normal working range and abnormal conditions are discovered and handled in a timely manner.

[0025] In one embodiment, when the voltage of a sodium ion battery cluster exceeds a set threshold, it is determined that there is a sodium ion battery cluster with unbalanced charge.

[0026] In one embodiment, the resistor and the shunt corresponding to the sodium ion battery cluster are started to consume the excess power of the cells with higher power in the sodium ion battery cluster through the resistor or other load; When working, the system can help maintain the power balance between all battery clusters by diverting excess current in battery clusters with higher power, avoiding premature failure of some battery clusters due to overcharging. Excessive current will accelerate battery aging. Balanced current distribution can reduce the burden on each battery cluster, thereby extending the overall service life of the battery. Resistors, current sensors or other balancing circuits are used to direct excess current from battery clusters with high power to battery clusters with low power or loads, thereby balancing the charge of each battery cluster.

[0027] In one embodiment, the voltage degradation is: multiple sodium ion battery clusters are divided into multiple discharge levels from high voltage to low voltage. When a sodium ion battery cluster of a certain level fails, the passive balancing management module automatically skips the sodium ion battery cluster and adjusts the voltage of the remaining sodium ion battery clusters to discharge balance.

[0028] When a sodium-ion battery cluster fails during operation, such as battery aging or damage, the passive balancing management module will automatically adjust the system's operating status. The specific steps are as follows: Detection failure: The system detects that the voltage of a battery cluster is abnormal or the performance is reduced; Skip the failed cluster: The passive balancing management module will automatically ignore the failed battery cluster and no longer include it in the voltage adjustment range; Adjust the remaining battery clusters: The system will recalculate and adjust the voltage of other normally functioning sodium-ion battery clusters so that the remaining sodium-ion battery clusters can continue to work normally under the new voltage conditions, ensuring the stability and balance of the overall system; After processing the failed battery cluster, the system will perform voltage balancing on the remaining sodium-ion battery clusters to ensure that the voltage of all normally functioning battery clusters is consistent during discharge, thereby avoiding over-discharge of some battery clusters while other sodium-ion battery clusters may be underutilized, thereby improving the efficiency and life of the system.

[0029] When working, the computer processor is the core component of the controller, responsible for performing various calculations and management tasks. It processes the data collected from each unit of the battery cluster and adjusts the power distribution between the battery units according to the preset algorithm; The memory is used to store program codes and data, including execution codes and operation data of the sodium ion battery cluster-level balancing management method.

[0030] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0031] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected.

Claims

1. A sodium ion battery cluster-level balancing management method, characterized in that: The sodium ion battery cluster balancing management method comprises: Acquire the real-time parameters of each sodium-ion battery cluster, and determine whether there is a sodium-ion battery cluster with unbalanced power according to the electrical parameters of each sodium-ion battery cluster; If there is a sodium ion battery cluster with unbalanced power, the switch module corresponding to the sodium ion battery cluster is controlled to disconnect the sodium ion battery cluster from the power transmission module, and the resistor and shunt corresponding to the sodium ion battery cluster are started, and the sodium ion battery cluster-level controller is started to perform voltage reduction, and multiple sodium ion battery clusters redistribute power.

2. A sodium ion battery cluster-level equalization management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time parameters of the sodium ion battery cluster include one or more of the voltage, current, and resistance of each battery cluster.

3. A sodium ion battery cluster-level equalization management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the voltage of a sodium-ion battery cluster exceeds a set threshold, it is determined that there is a sodium-ion battery cluster with unbalanced charge.

4. A sodium ion battery cluster-level equalization management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resistor and shunt corresponding to the sodium ion battery cluster are started to consume the excess power of the cells with higher power in the sodium ion battery cluster through the resistor or other loads.

5. A sodium ion battery cluster level equalization management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage degradation is: multiple sodium ion battery clusters are divided into multiple discharge levels from high voltage to low voltage. When a sodium ion battery cluster of a certain level fails, the passive balancing management module automatically skips the sodium ion battery cluster and adjusts the voltage of the remaining sodium ion battery clusters to discharge balance.

6. A sodium ion battery cluster-level balancing management controller, characterized in that: For a sodium ion battery energy storage system, the energy storage system includes a plurality of sodium ion battery clusters, and a battery cluster-level controller in a passive balancing management electrically connected to the sodium ion battery cluster, a battery management system, a switch module for controlling an electric energy transmission module, a three-phase distribution cabinet, a passive balancing management module and a shunt; Each of the sodium ion battery clusters is connected in series with a resistor, and multiple sodium ion battery clusters are connected in series. A shunt is connected in parallel to each of the connected resistors, and the shunt is connected to the passive balancing management module; The battery cluster level controller is responsible for controlling and regulating the charging and discharging process of the sodium ion battery cluster in passive balancing management; The battery management system is responsible for data acquisition, communication, alarm and protection, control, and energy status; The power transmission module is used to transmit power from the power source to the battery cluster, or from the battery cluster to an external load; The switch module is used to control the switch of the power transmission module; The three-phase power distribution cabinet is used to distribute and manage three-phase electrical energy; The passive balancing management module realizes the energy balancing among the sodium ion battery clusters through shunts and resistors.

7. According to the sodium ion battery cluster level equalization management controller of claim 6, the passive equalization management module comprises: Real-time monitoring of the voltage of each sodium-ion battery cluster; The voltage data is transmitted to the balancing control module to determine the voltage difference between each sodium ion battery cluster; Generate a balancing control strategy based on the voltage difference; Execute a balancing control strategy to discharge the sodium-ion battery cluster with a higher voltage and charge the sodium-ion battery cluster with a lower voltage; The above steps are repeated until the voltages among the sodium-ion battery clusters are balanced.

8. A sodium ion battery cluster-level balancing management controller according to claim 7, which determines the voltage difference between each sodium ion battery cluster, controls the switch module corresponding to the sodium ion battery cluster to disconnect the sodium ion battery cluster from the power transmission module, and starts the resistor and shunt corresponding to the sodium ion battery cluster, and at the same time starts the sodium ion battery cluster-level controller to perform voltage reduction, so that multiple sodium ion battery clusters redistribute power.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the battery cluster level balancing management method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 are implemented.

10. An energy storage system, characterized in that: It comprises a sodium ion battery cluster-level balancing management controller as described in any one of claims 6-8.

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