Drainage system for intelligent heat preservation and self-adaptive hardening, tempering and descaling of highway tunnel in cold region

Abstract

The invention discloses a drainage system for intelligent heat preservation and self-adaptive hardening, tempering and descaling of a highway tunnel in a cold region, and belongs to the technical field of cold region tunnel engineering and intelligent sensing control. The system comprises a drainage subsystem, a heat preservation subsystem, a descaling subsystem and an intelligent control subsystem. The drainage subsystem comprises a central drainage pipe embedded in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, longitudinal drainage pipes symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the central drainage pipe, annular drainage blind pipes and transverse drainage pipes. The heat preservation subsystem comprises an icing monitoring device and a heat preservation device; and the descaling subsystem comprises a water quality detection device, a dredging and descaling device and a conditioning and scale inhibition device. Through real-time feedback of the icing monitoring device and the water quality detection device, the heating layer of the heat preservation device is started when the water temperature and the water pressure exceed preset threshold values, so that the temperature in the drainage pipe rapidly rises to a proper temperature; and when the water quality exceeds a preset threshold value, the dredging and descaling device or the conditioning and scale inhibiting device is started to dredge crystals, deposits or scales in the drainage pipe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of cold region tunnel engineering and intelligent sensing control technology, and in particular to a drainage system for intelligent heat preservation and adaptive conditioning and descaling of cold region highway tunnels. Background Art

[0002] The construction of transportation infrastructure in cold regions is booming, and its scale continues to rise. The number of tunnels in cold regions is increasing. Correspondingly, the requirements for insulation and drainage in cold region tunnels are becoming more and more stringent. The existing tunnel drainage insulation measures, such as insulation ditches, central deep buried ditches, insulation outlets, etc., are mostly passive insulation forms. Such passive insulation measures are often difficult to ensure smooth and unobstructed tunnel drainage, which can easily cause water flow to freeze, and then induce freezing damage inside the tunnel, posing severe challenges to the stability and safety of the tunnel structure. Not only that, the existing technology also overlooks the special geographical environmental factors in the northeast and northwest regions where the water quality is hard and scale is easy to form. There is a lack of sufficient and systematic consideration of the impact of scale deposition in drainage pipes or drainage ditches on drainage. In fact, these scale deposits will gradually erode the effective diameter of the pipeline, resulting in increased flow resistance and reduced drainage capacity. In severe cases, it is even very likely to cause complete blockage of the pipeline, thereby posing a very serious threat to the smooth operation of the tunnel drainage system and even the safe operation of the entire tunnel project.

[0003] In summary, there are generally two main factors for poor drainage in cold-region tunnels: one is the freezing blockage of water in the drainage pipe, and the other is the blockage of scale crystallization in the drainage pipe. In some cold-region tunnels with hard water, ice blockage and scale blockage often occur at the same time. However, in engineering practice, a single dredging treatment method is usually used and cannot achieve good drainage effects. In a cold environment, the tunnel experiences a large temperature difference, which will cause the tunnel drainage pipe to freeze, and in severe cases, the drainage pipe may rupture. Traditional passive insulation often cannot prevent freezing in an environment with a large temperature difference. In areas with abundant precipitation or groundwater, due to the large drainage volume, after the water flow is flushed, a large amount of silt particles carried by the high turbidity water in the raw water settle in the pipe and form siltation. At the same time, when the water quality is hard, the carbon dioxide content in the water body is high, the pH is low, and the water is corrosive, it will cause corrosion and scaling. For example, calcium and magnesium ions in water combine with bicarbonate ions in water to form magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate and other substances, which are difficult to dissolve in water and become sediment scale. In addition, when using active insulation measures to prevent water from freezing, water evaporation is more likely to form scale, which can easily lead to poor drainage, thus affecting the normal use of the entire tunnel. At the same time, since drainage pipes are often located under the tunnel road, it is difficult to repair and solve the above problems when they occur, which has a great impact on the tunnel's traffic and operation.

[0004] In some areas with extreme climates, due to the long duration of negative temperatures or the existence of extremely low temperatures, the central drainage pipes of highway tunnels also freeze, causing the entire drainage system of the tunnel to almost fail. The water that has infiltrated the tunnel cannot be discharged in time, inducing more serious freezing damage to the tunnel. In addition, in a cold environment, the water flow rate of the tunnel's annular drainage pipes, longitudinal drainage pipes, transverse drainage pipes and their joints is slow due to local low temperature freezing. In addition, the water that infiltrates the tunnel from the surrounding rock usually contains metal ions, acid ions, and is mixed with rock and soil particles, colloids and other substances. In addition, some metal ions react with acid ions or alkaline ions, which are very easy to accumulate or scale at these locations, reducing the water-passing section of the drainage pipe, and even worse, directly blocking the drainage pipe. On the other hand, during the freezing process of tunnels in cold areas, water and salt continue to migrate, causing the salt concentration of water in some drainage sections to continue to increase and gradually precipitate crystals. The crystals continue to grow and gradually block the tunnel's drainage pipes. In cold season engineering practice, heating of tunnels in cold areas is often adopted to prevent and alleviate frost damage in tunnels. Low-temperature evaporation continues in the tunnel surrounding rock and drainage system. On the one hand, the ion concentration of water in the tunnel caused by the infiltration of surrounding rock is relatively high. On the other hand, the water entering the tunnel drainage system will continue to evaporate and further increase the ion concentration. Therefore, it is particularly easy to form scale inside some drainage pipes.

[0005] In summary, the existing tunnel drainage insulation has obvious deficiencies in areas with large temperature differences. At the same time, the treatment of scale problems is also lacking, mainly manifested in the inability to thaw the frozen drainage in time, and the lack of effective treatment methods when scale affects the drainage system.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a drainage system for intelligent heat preservation and adaptive tempering and descaling in cold-region highway tunnels. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a drainage system with intelligent insulation and adaptive tempering and descaling for highway tunnels in cold regions, so as to solve the problem that the existing tunnel drainage insulation system, in an environment with large temperature difference, hard water quality and areas with abundant groundwater, lacks active insulation means and descaling measures, leading to freezing and blockage of tunnel drainage pipes.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A drainage system for intelligent heat preservation and adaptive quenching and descaling of cold-region highway tunnels, comprising a drainage subsystem, a heat preservation subsystem, a descaling subsystem and an intelligent control subsystem;

[0010] The drainage subsystem includes a central drainage pipe buried along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, longitudinal drainage pipes and annular drainage blind pipes symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central drainage pipe, and a transverse drainage pipe for connecting the central drainage pipe and the longitudinal drainage pipe;

[0011] The heat preservation subsystem includes an ice monitoring device and a heat preservation device;

[0012] The ice monitoring device includes a water temperature sensor and a water pressure sensor disposed adjacent to each other at the bottom of the central drain pipe;

[0013] The heat preservation device comprises a heating layer, a heat preservation layer, a first waterproof layer and a second waterproof layer wrapped on the outside of the pipe wall of the central drain pipe, and a first anti-adhesion layer located on the inside of the pipe wall of the central drain pipe;

[0014] The descaling subsystem includes a water quality detection device, a dredging and descaling device, and a conditioning and antiscaling device;

[0015] There are a number of water quality detection devices, and the water quality detection devices are installed at the inner bottom of the longitudinal drainage pipe and the transverse drainage pipe respectively;

[0016] The number of the dredging and descaling devices is several, and the several dredging and descaling devices are respectively installed inside the longitudinal drain pipe and the transverse drain pipe; the dredging and descaling devices are arranged at intervals from the water quality detection device;

[0017] The conditioning and anti-scaling device comprises a conditioning agent storage component, a conditioning agent delivery component and a second anti-adhesion layer;

[0018] The conditioning agent storage assembly is arranged on the inner side of the secondary lining of the tunnel, close to the annular drainage blind pipe, and located above the longitudinal drainage pipe and the transverse drainage pipe;

[0019] The conditioning agent delivery component is arranged near the connection between the longitudinal drainage pipe and the transverse drainage pipe, and the liquid inlet end of the conditioning agent delivery component is connected to the liquid outlet end of the conditioning agent storage component;

[0020] The intelligent control subsystem mainly includes intelligent identification and control devices;

[0021] The intelligent identification and control device is fixedly connected to the inner edge of the secondary lining of the tunnel, and the thermal insulation device, the icing monitoring device, the water quality detection device, the dredging and descaling device and the conditioning and scale prevention device are all connected to the intelligent identification and control device by wire.

[0022] Furthermore, the water quality detection device includes a water quality detection device body, and a pH value monitoring element, a metal ion monitoring element, a turbidity monitoring element, a flow rate monitoring element and a temperature monitoring element which are sequentially connected to the water quality detection device body at intervals, and a first circuit unit is connected to one side of the water quality detection device body.

[0023] Furthermore, the dredging and descaling device includes a protective shell for connecting to the inner wall of the longitudinal drain pipe and the transverse drain pipe;

[0024] A support frame is connected to one side of the protective shell, a driving motor is installed in the middle of the supporting frame, a driving end of the driving motor is drivingly connected to a blade unit, and the blade unit is arranged in the protective shell; a second circuit unit is connected to the top of the driving motor;

[0025] The protective shell is located at one end close to the support frame and extends radially outwards by a predetermined distance to form a flange, and a plurality of mounting holes are circumferentially formed on the flange.

[0026] Furthermore, the conditioning agent storage assembly includes a storage tank body connected to the outside of the longitudinal drain pipe, the storage tank body stores water quality conditioning agent, the storage tank body is installed with a water quality conditioning agent monitoring unit, the storage tank body is coated with a heat preservation unit, the top and bottom of the heat preservation unit are symmetrically sleeved with two hoops, each of the hoops is connected to a lateral fixing unit; the bottom of the storage tank body is connected to a transmission pipe;

[0027] A detachable tank cover is connected to the top of the storage tank body; a sealing strip is provided between the storage tank body and the tank cover;

[0028] The tank cover is provided with a tank cover handle and a warning display light at intervals, and a water quality regulator replenishing port is provided on the tank cover. The water quality regulator replenishing port is located on the side of the tank cover handle away from the warning display light; a detachable sealing cover is connected to the water quality regulator replenishing port.

[0029] Furthermore, the longitudinal drainage pipe is connected to the transverse drainage pipe through a tee pipe.

[0030] Furthermore, the water quality regulator delivery assembly includes a release nozzle, a delivery hose, a nozzle installation sealing cover, a three-way pipe and a second anti-adhesion layer;

[0031] The release nozzle is fixedly mounted on the top of the tee pipe through the nozzle mounting sealing cover;

[0032] The liquid inlet end of the delivery hose is communicated with the transmission pipe at the bottom of the storage tank body, and the liquid outlet end of the delivery hose is communicated with the liquid inlet end of the release nozzle.

[0033] Furthermore, the intelligent identification and control device includes a control cabinet and a central processing unit, an inverter and a data storage component installed in the control cabinet in sequence, and the inverter and the data storage component are respectively connected to the central processing unit line.

[0034] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] The present invention uses the real-time feedback of the ice monitoring device and the water quality detection device. The central processing unit can analyze the water temperature, water pressure and water quality data in the pipeline, judge the risk of ice blockage in the drain pipe when the water temperature and water pressure reach the preset threshold, start the heating layer of the insulation device for heating, so that the temperature in the central drain pipe rises quickly to an appropriate temperature to prevent the water in the drain pipe from freezing and blocking; when the water quality reaches the preset threshold, start the dredging and descaling device or the tempering and anti-scaling device to dredge the drain pipe and adjust the water quality. At the same time, the central processing unit analyzes and predicts the data fed back in real time by the water quality detection device, controls the water flow rate by the rotating blade speed of the dredging and descaling device, effectively flushes and peels off the scale and sediment, and when the intelligent identification and control device determines that the drain pipe still has the risk of blockage, releases an appropriate amount of water quality regulator through the regulator delivery component to effectively prevent scale formation. Due to the use of the active insulation solution, when the water in the drain pipe evaporates, it is easier for the drain pipe to precipitate scale and block the drain port. By installing the rotating blade control component of the dredging and descaling device, the pipeline blockage problem can be effectively prevented. These technical features directly bring about significant social, economic and technical effects, improve the reliability of the system and energy efficiency, and are particularly suitable for practical applications in tunnel drainage in cold areas and areas with abundant water and hard water quality.

[0036] In addition, through data analysis and storage by the central processing unit, the tunnel insulation and descaling are adaptive and intelligent, ensuring the stable operation of the system under different environmental conditions, further extending the service life of the tunnel drainage system, significantly improving the overall performance and reliability of the system, and contributing to the stable operation of tunnels in cold regions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a transverse section of a tunnel provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 A schematic plan view of the tunnel drainage subsystem provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a tunnel provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the water quality detection device provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 It is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the central drainage pipe and the heat preservation device provided by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 This is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the regulator storage assembly provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7The enlarged structure diagram of the dredging and descaling device provided by the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0044] Figure 8 The enlarged structure diagram of the dredging and descaling device provided by the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0045] Fig. 9 This is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the regulator delivery component provided by the present invention;

[0046] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the intelligent identification and control device provided by the present invention;

[0047] Fig.11 A flowchart of intelligent identification and control of the heating subsystem provided by the present invention;

[0048] Fig.12 A flowchart of the adaptive identification and control work flow of the dredging and descaling device provided by the present invention;

[0049] Fig.13 This is a flowchart of the adaptive identification and control work flow of the conditioning and scale inhibition device provided by the present invention.

[0050] Among them: 1. Insulation device; 11. Central drainage pipe; 12. First waterproof layer; 13. Heating layer; 14. Insulation layer; 15. Second waterproof layer; 16. Water pressure sensor; 17. Water temperature sensor; 18. First anti-adhesion layer; 2. Horizontal drainage pipe; 3. Longitudinal drainage pipe; 4. Annular drainage blind pipe; 5. Intelligent identification and control device; 51. Central processing unit; 52. Control cabinet; 53. Inverter; 54. Data storage component; 6. Tunnel secondary lining; 7. Conditioner storage component; 71. Storage tank body; 711. Insulation unit; 712. Conditioner monitoring unit; 713. Lateral fixing unit; 714. Hoop; 715. Transmission pipe; 716. Sealing strip; 72. Tank Cover; 721, early warning display light; 722, tank cover handle; 723, regulator replenishment port; 724, sealing cover; 73, water quality regulator; 8, unclogging and descaling device; 81, driving motor; 82, support frame; 83, protective shell; 84, blade unit; 85, mounting hole; 86, second circuit unit; 9, water quality detection device; 91, pH value monitoring element; 92, metal ion monitoring element; 93, turbidity monitoring element; 94, flow rate monitoring element; 95, temperature monitoring element; 96, first circuit unit; 10, regulator delivery assembly; 101, release nozzle; 102, nozzle installation seal; 103, three-way pipe; 104, delivery hose; 105, second anti-adhesion layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0052] The present invention provides a drainage system for intelligent heat preservation and adaptive quenching and descaling in cold-region highway tunnels, which comprises a drainage subsystem, a heat preservation subsystem, a descaling subsystem and an intelligent control subsystem;

[0053] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the drainage subsystem includes a central drainage pipe 11 buried along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, longitudinal drainage pipes 3 and annular drainage blind pipes 4 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central drainage pipe 11, and a transverse drainage pipe 2 for connecting the central drainage pipe 11 and the longitudinal drainage pipe 3; the longitudinal drainage pipe 3 is connected to the transverse drainage pipe 2 through a tee pipe 103. The insulation device includes a heating layer 13, an insulation layer 14, a first waterproof layer 12 and a second waterproof layer 15 coated on the outside of the central drainage pipe 11, and a first anti-adhesion layer 18 on the inner side of the pipe wall of the central drainage pipe 11.

[0054] The heating layer 13 is a heating system that can heat evenly. Its working principle is to heat through internal resistance wire or electric heating element. When the heating layer 13 is connected to the power supply, the current passes through the conductor, and the heat generated by the resistance is evenly distributed along the heating belt and transferred to the central drain pipe. The core heating element of the heating layer 13 is a metal resistance wire, which is usually coated in an insulating material and has a waterproof or corrosion-resistant outer layer. When the heating belt is energized, the current passes through the resistance wire, and the resistance wire heats up due to the resistance effect, and the generated heat is transferred to the pipe through the insulation layer.

[0055] In the present invention, a first anti-adhesion layer 18 is arranged on the inner side of the pipe wall of the central drain pipe 11 to inhibit or slow down the ice adhesion and scale crystal accumulation on the pipe wall; a heating layer 13 is arranged on the outer wall of the central drain pipe to provide heat for active thermal insulation, and the heating layer 13 can be made of a carbon fiber heating belt. The thermal insulation layer 14 is arranged on the outer side of the heating layer 13 to gather heat to melt ice and reduce heat loss, thereby achieving the effect of passive thermal insulation. The thermal insulation layer can be made of materials such as polyurethane, polystyrene, rock wool, and aerogel. A first waterproof layer 12 and a second waterproof layer 15 are arranged on the outer side of the central drain pipe 11 and the outer side of the thermal insulation layer 14, respectively, to prevent moisture from entering the thermal insulation layer 14 and the heating layer 13, thereby ensuring the thermal insulation effect and the heating effect.

[0056] like Figure 5As shown, the monitoring device includes a water temperature sensor 17 and a water pressure sensor 16 which are adjacently arranged at the bottom of the central drain pipe 11; wherein the water temperature sensor 17 is arranged in the central drain pipe 11, and is used to monitor the water temperature change of the drain pipe in real time. The water temperature sensor 17 can adopt an NTC thermistor or a PT100 thermocouple. The water pressure sensor 16 is arranged adjacent to the water temperature sensor 17, and can adopt one or more of a pressure water level sensor, an optical liquid level sensor or a resistance-type liquid level sensor. When water freezes, the volume expansion of ice will generate additional pressure on the lower side of the inner wall of the central drain pipe 11, and the water pressure sensor 16 can detect this pressure change in real time. The intelligent control subsystem can more accurately judge the degree of ice formation in the drain pipe by analyzing the water temperature and water pressure sensor data.

[0057] The present invention provides a drainage system for intelligent heat preservation and adaptive conditioning and descaling in cold region highway tunnels, wherein the descaling subsystem comprises a water quality detection device 9, a dredging and descaling device 8, and a conditioning and descaling device.

[0058] There are several water quality detection devices 9 , and the several water quality detection devices 9 are respectively installed at the inner bottom of the longitudinal drainage pipe 3 and the transverse drainage pipe 2 .

[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, the water quality detection device 9 includes a water quality detection element body, and a pH value monitoring element 91, a metal ion monitoring element 92, a turbidity monitoring element 93, a flow rate monitoring element 94 and a temperature monitoring element 95 which are sequentially connected to the water quality detection device body at intervals, and a first circuit unit 96 is connected to one side of the water quality detection device body. The water quality detection device 9 is installed on the lower side of the longitudinal drain pipe 3 and the transverse drain pipe 2, and provides real-time feedback on the metal ion concentration (such as Ca ion concentration, Mg ion concentration, etc.), pH value, turbidity, flow rate and water temperature in the water. The water quality detection device transmits these data to the intelligent identification and control device 5 as a basis for judging the risk of scaling or silting in the pipeline.

[0060] The water quality detection device 9 evaluates the water quality by measuring the changes in physical, chemical or biological parameters in the water. Different types of water quality detection devices 9 use different principles depending on the specific parameters being measured. Common water quality detection devices 9 include conductivity sensors, pH sensors, dissolved oxygen sensors, turbidity sensors, etc. Conductivity sensors evaluate the ion concentration in water by measuring the electrical conductivity of aqueous solutions. The conductivity of aqueous solutions depends on the electrolytes in the solution (such as salts, minerals, acids and bases, etc.), which charge the ions in the water and allow current to pass. pH sensors are used to measure the hydrogen ions (H2O2) in aqueous solutions. +) concentration. The pH value reflects the acidity or alkalinity of water and is usually between 0 and 14, with 7 being neutral, less than 7 being acidic, and greater than 7 being alkaline. Turbidity sensors are used to measure the concentration of suspended particles in water to assess the transparency and quality of water. Suspended matter in water scatters or absorbs light, and the sensor determines the turbidity of the water by detecting the intensity of the scattered light. ORP sensors are used to measure the redox potential of aqueous solutions to assess the oxidizing or reducing properties of the solution. The ORP value is determined by measuring the flow trend of electrons in the solution and reflects the concentration of substances in the solution that can accept or release electrons. Ion selective electrode (ISE) sensors are used to measure the concentration of specific ions, such as chloride ions, sodium ions, potassium ions, etc. The electrodes of the ISE sensor are coated with a membrane that can react selectively with the target ions. When ions pass through the membrane, the potential change generated by the electrode is related to the concentration of the ions.

[0061] The present invention provides a drainage system with intelligent thermal insulation and adaptive tempering and descaling for highway tunnels in cold regions, wherein a plurality of dredging and descaling devices 8 are provided, and the plurality of dredging and descaling devices 8 are respectively installed inside a longitudinal drainage pipe 3 and a transverse drainage pipe 2; and the dredging and descaling devices 8 are spaced apart from a water quality detection device 9.

[0062] like Figure 8 As shown, the unclogging and descaling device 8 includes a protective shell 83 for connecting to the inner walls of the longitudinal drain pipe 3 and the transverse drain pipe 2; one end of the protective shell 83 close to the support frame 82 extends radially outward a predetermined distance along the protective shell 83 to form a flange, and a plurality of mounting holes 85 are circumferentially opened on the flange.

[0063] A support frame 82 is connected to one side of the protection shell 83 , a driving motor 81 is installed in the middle of the supporting frame 82 , and a second circuit unit 86 is connected to the top of the driving motor 81 .

[0064] The driving end of the driving motor 81 is drivingly connected to a blade unit 84 , and a gap of the blade unit 84 is disposed in the protective shell 83 .

[0065] The blade unit 84 includes a plurality of rotating blades. The rotating blades are designed in a spiral shape. The rotating blades are made of corrosion-resistant and high-strength materials. The edges of the rotating blades are reinforced and sharpened. The main functions are as follows:

[0066] (1) It enhances the flushing force of water flow on the pipe wall, inhibits the adhesion and deposition of scale or crystals on the pipe wall, and promptly removes the scale that has been attached and deposited around the pipe wall. Under the joint action of the first anti-adhesion layer 18, it prevents scale or crystals from agglomerating and increasing in size at the pipe wall and clogging the pipe.

[0067] (2) The rapid rotation of the rotating blades increases the water flow rate in the drain pipe, and the siltation, crystallization and scale growth in the water body are restricted. Moreover, the rapid water flow can easily flush these siltation, crystallization and scale out of the longitudinal drain pipe 3 and the transverse drain pipe 2.

[0068] (3) The sharp rotating blades can break up the larger silt masses, crystal blocks and scale that move with the water flow, and the broken tiny particles are easier to be discharged from the longitudinal drainage pipe 3 and the transverse drainage pipe 2.

[0069] (4) The blade unit 84 can also play a role in heat preservation and drainage. When the rotating blades rotate at high speed in the water, friction will be generated between the rotating blades and the water. This friction will intensify the movement of water molecules, thereby causing the water temperature to rise. The rotation of the rotating blades will cause the water to produce a strong stirring and mixing effect, which will allow water of different temperatures, such as the lower water temperature at the pipe wall and the higher water temperature at the center of the water pipe, to be fully mixed, thereby increasing the overall water temperature. In addition, accelerating the water flow speed in the drainage pipe can increase the freezing point of water, thereby alleviating or inhibiting the freezing of water in the drainage pipe.

[0070] Rotating blades increase the flow rate of water flow. Descaling mainly relies on the physical effects of fluid dynamics, mechanical rotation and water flow acceleration to achieve effective scale removal. This process increases the scouring force of the water flow through the acceleration of the water flow and the generation of eddies, thereby stripping the scale and sediment on the inner wall of the pipe. The increase in water flow velocity is the key to removing scale. Fluid dynamics shows that the kinetic energy of the water flow (proportional to the square of the velocity) determines its scouring force on the inner wall of the pipe. By introducing a rotating blade device in the drain pipe, the rotation of the blade will guide the water flow to accelerate locally. This process creates a high-velocity area, which increases the kinetic energy of the water flow when passing through the blades, and enhances the scouring effect on the inner wall of the pipe. The design of the rotating blade not only accelerates the water flow velocity, but also forms local high-pressure and low-pressure areas in the pipe. These pressure fluctuations act on the scale alternately, similar to the water hammer effect, so that the scale is subjected to repeated pressure shocks, gradually weakened and stripped. At the same time, the rotating blades continue to rotate under the impetus of the water flow and the control of the system, so that the water flow in the pipe is constantly in an accelerated and eddy state. This continuous action makes it difficult for new scale to accumulate in the drainage system, keeping the pipes unobstructed. In addition to using rotating blades to increase the flow rate of water to remove scale, you can also use pipe dredging machines, rotary cleaners, pneumatic or mechanical vibration cleaning, etc., but you need to consider the complexity and cost of the solution.

[0071] The present invention provides a drainage system for intelligent heat preservation and adaptive conditioning and descaling in cold-region highway tunnels, wherein a conditioning and descaling device is arranged outside a longitudinal drainage pipe 3 on one side close to a transverse drainage pipe 2. The conditioning and descaling device comprises a conditioning agent storage component 7, a conditioning agent delivery component 10 and a second anti-adhesion layer 105; the conditioning agent delivery component 10 is arranged at the connection between the longitudinal drainage pipe 3 and the transverse drainage pipe 2, and the liquid inlet end of the conditioning agent delivery component 10 is connected to the liquid outlet end of the conditioning agent storage component 7.

[0072] The scale prevention of water quality conditioners is mainly based on chemical reactions. Water quality conditioners react with minerals in scale to dissolve or destroy the scale structure, thereby removing it from the pipe. Scale is usually an insoluble deposit formed by alkaline earth metal ions such as calcium and magnesium in water and anions such as carbonates and sulfates. Common scale components include calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), calcium sulfate (CaSO 4 ) etc. The working principle of water quality conditioner usually includes: acid chemical descaling, chemical descaling by chelating agent, electrochemical descaling and other working principles. In order to prevent serious pollution to the environment, physical methods are preferred, that is, the use of dredging and descaling devices for descaling, and milder reagents are usually used in the process of conditioning and scale prevention. When conditions are met, a purification tank is set up at the outlet of the tunnel drainage pipe. In addition to the control system for the release of the regulator, manual or robot release can also be used, but the complexity and cost of the solution must be considered.

[0073] like Figure 6 As shown, the regulator storage assembly includes a storage tank body 71 connected to the outside of the longitudinal drain pipe 3, which is connected to the release nozzle 101 through a delivery hose 104 to ensure a stable supply of water quality regulator. The storage tank body 71 stores water quality regulator 73, and the storage tank body 71 is equipped with a regulator monitoring unit 712. The regulator monitoring unit 712 includes a volume sensor and a temperature sensor, which are used to judge the volume and temperature of the water quality regulator 73 in the storage tank body 71. When the temperature state of the water quality regulator is abnormal, an early warning signal is issued; when the capacity of the water quality regulator is lower than the required threshold, a replenishment signal is issued. The outside of the storage tank body 71 is covered with an insulation unit 711, which can effectively prevent the water quality regulator from freezing. Two hoops 714 are symmetrically sleeved on the top and bottom of the insulation unit 711, and each hoop 714 is connected to a lateral fixing unit 713; the bottom of the storage tank body 71 is connected to a transmission pipe 715.

[0074] A tank cover 72 is detachably connected to the top of the storage tank body 71, and a sealing strip 716 is provided between the storage tank body 71 and the tank cover 72; a tank cover handle 722 and a warning display light 721 are connected to the tank cover 72 at intervals, and a water quality regulator replenishing port 723 is provided on the tank cover 72, and the water quality regulator replenishing port 723 is located on the side of the tank cover handle 722 away from the warning display light 721; a sealing cover 724 is detachably connected to the water quality regulator replenishing port 723.

[0075] like Fig. 9 As shown, the conditioning agent delivery assembly 10 includes a release nozzle 101, a nozzle mounting seal 102, a tee pipe 103, a delivery hose 104, and a second anti-adhesion layer 105. The release nozzle 101 is fixedly installed on the inner top near the tee pipe 103 through the nozzle mounting seal 102; the liquid inlet end of the delivery hose 104 is connected to the storage tank body 71, and the liquid outlet end of the delivery hose 104 is connected to the liquid inlet end of the release nozzle 101, and the second anti-adhesion layer 105 is fixed on the inner surface of the drain pipe.

[0076] The storage tank body 71, the sealing strip 716 and the tank cover 72 form a closed regulator storage tank, and the storage tank body 71 contains a water quality regulator 73. The release of the water quality regulator is controlled by a solenoid valve. When the intelligent control subsystem issues an instruction, the solenoid valve opens, and the water quality regulator is pumped into the drain pipe to perform scale control on the drain pipe.

[0077] Water quality regulators are preferably scale inhibitors, scale inhibitors and dispersants, among which scale inhibitors and corrosion inhibitors can be inorganic polyphosphates and organic phosphates; scale inhibitors and dispersants can be polyacrylic acid, polyepoxysuccinic acid, polyaspartic acid, etc. In the process of using water quality regulators to prevent scale, always pay attention to environmental pollution, use mild regulators such as weak acids and weak bases or more environmentally friendly green cleaning corrosion inhibitors, and perform harmless treatment at the tunnel drainage outlet.

[0078] The present invention provides a drainage system with intelligent heat preservation and adaptive tempering and descaling in cold-region highway tunnels, wherein an annular drainage blind pipe 4 is laid between the tunnel secondary lining 6 and the tunnel invert, the bottom of the annular drainage blind pipe 4 is connected with the longitudinal drainage pipe 3, an intelligent identification and control device 5 is fixedly connected to the inner edge of the tunnel secondary lining 6, and an insulation device, an icing monitoring device, a water quality detection device 9, a dredging and descaling device 8 and a tempering and descaling device are all connected to the intelligent identification and control device 5 by line.

[0079] The intelligent identification and control device 5 includes a control cabinet 52 and a central processing unit 51, an inverter 53 and a data storage component 54 which are sequentially installed in the control cabinet 52. The inverter 53 and the data storage component 54 are respectively connected to the central processing unit 51 by wires.

[0080] The central processing unit 51 is equipped with an intelligent identification and control program, which specifically includes an intelligent heat preservation identification and control subroutine and an adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine.

[0081] The working process of the intelligent insulation identification and control subroutine is as follows:

[0082] The water temperature sensor 17 and the water pressure sensor 16 provide real-time feedback on the water temperature and water pressure. The intelligent insulation identification and control subroutine comprehensively identifies and determines the ice risk level. When the parameters of the water pressure sensor 16 and the water temperature sensor 17 are abnormal, the system identifies and determines that the drain pipe is blocked by ice and issues a heating command. After receiving the command, the insulation subsystem starts the heating layer to heat the central drain pipe. The heating power is output according to the difference between the freezing temperature, freezing pressure and the preset threshold value (the value is determined according to the actual situation of the tunnel site). While heating, the output power of the heating layer 13 is dynamically adjusted according to the changes in the water temperature and water pressure inside the central drain pipe 11, including the heating power and heating time. It is necessary to ensure that the ice in the central drain pipe 11 can melt, and to avoid water evaporation caused by excessive water temperature, until the water temperature and water pressure parameters return to a fusion state, and the system determines that the water flow in the drain pipe can flow normally. For example, if the heating temperature is too high, the intelligent insulation recognition and control subroutine will issue a power reduction instruction to prevent the accelerated precipitation of scale or crystallization due to high temperature and blockage of the pipes. When the pipes are relatively severely frozen, the output power will be increased to quickly clear the drain pipes. Through the adaptive adjustment of the subroutine, intelligent insulation control of the central drain pipes can be achieved.

[0083] The working process of the adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine is as follows:

[0084] The adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine conducts a comprehensive analysis of turbidity, pH value, metal ion concentration (such as Ca ion concentration, Mg ion concentration, etc.), flow rate, and water temperature, and compares them with the preset water quality threshold. When the water turbidity exceeds the threshold and there is a risk of siltation, when the metal ion oxide content is too high (exceeding the preset threshold) and may precipitate crystals or react with each other to form solids, when the pH value is abnormal and there is a potential risk of scaling, and when the water flow rate in the drain pipe is slow and there is a risk of blockage, the blockage level of the drain pipe is determined, and the dredging and descaling device 8 or the conditioning and descaling device is selected to be started according to the actual situation.

[0085] If the blockage degree of the drain pipe reaches a certain level, the adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine will issue acceleration or deceleration instructions to the dredging and descaling device 8 to adjust the drainage capacity of the drain pipe. The subroutine automatically outputs the power of the dredging and descaling device 8 according to the real-time feedback of the water quality sensor. When the detection data of the water quality sensor changes, the output power of the dredging and descaling device 8 is dynamically adjusted. For example, when the blockage of the drain pipe is relatively serious, the output power of the dredging and descaling device 8 is increased to accelerate the peeling of the attached scale. When the drain pipe is gradually unblocked, the output power of the dredging and descaling device 8 is reduced. When the blockage is relieved to below the preset threshold, a deceleration instruction is issued to the dredging and descaling device 8 to maintain the low-speed operation of the dredging and descaling device 8.

[0086] As the unblocking and descaling device 8 continues to accelerate at high power, the adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine comprehensively analyzes water quality, flow rate, temperature and other data to determine the development of the drain pipe blockage situation again. If the water quality scaling situation has not been significantly improved or still has a tendency to continue to worsen, the regulator delivery component 10 of the water quality conditioning and scale prevention device is started to release the corresponding type of water quality regulator 73 through the release nozzle 101 to prevent scale deposition or crystallization in the drain pipe. The delivery amount of the water quality regulator (specifically including delivery time, delivery rate, and delivery frequency) is dynamically adjusted according to the real-time monitoring data. When the blockage is serious, the delivery amount of the water quality regulator is increased. When the blockage level is less than the preset threshold, an instruction is issued to stop releasing the water quality regulator to achieve intelligent control of conditioning and scale prevention.

[0087] After starting the water quality conditioning agent delivery component 10 of the water quality conditioning and scale prevention device, the adaptive conditioning and scale removal identification and control subroutine comprehensively analyzes the water quality, flow rate, and temperature to determine the development of the drain pipe blockage situation. When the water quality scaling situation is significantly improved and reduced to a preset threshold, the conditioning agent delivery component 10 is closed, and the rotating blades still maintain accelerated operation. The water quality detection device continues to provide real-time feedback on water quality, flow rate, water temperature and other data. The subroutine dynamically adjusts the rotation speed of the unblocking and scale removal device 8. If the water quality is at the current level or the potential blockage level drops below the mild level, a deceleration command is issued to the unblocking and scale removal device 8 to keep the rotating blades running at a low speed, thereby achieving adaptive control of the rotating blades.

[0088] Combination Figure 11-13 The present invention provides an operation procedure of a drainage system for intelligent heat preservation and adaptive conditioning and descaling in cold-region highway tunnels, which is specifically as follows:

[0089] Step 1: After the intelligent heat preservation identification and control subroutine is started, it enters the initial state, and the water temperature sensor 17 and the water pressure sensor 16 monitor the water temperature and water pressure respectively.

[0090] Step 2: The intelligent insulation identification and control subroutine determines the risk level of icing in the drain pipe. The central processing unit 51 analyzes and processes the sensor data and grades the icing temperature and ice pressure into three levels: Level I, Level II, and Level III.

[0091] When the water temperature in the drain pipe is above zero degrees (freezing point), the temperature is positive, and the water pressure is lower than the set value, the intelligent insulation identification and control subroutine determines that there is no risk of ice blockage in the drain pipe. At this time, the ice risk level is Level I.

[0092] When the water temperature in the drain pipe is below zero degrees (freezing point), the temperature is close to the freezing point, and the water pressure gradually increases, the intelligent insulation identification and control subroutine determines that the drain pipe is in an ice-water mixture state. At this time, the freezing risk level is Level II.

[0093] When the water temperature in the drain pipe is below zero degrees (freezing point), the temperature is significantly lower than the freezing point, and the water pressure increases significantly, the intelligent insulation identification and control subroutine determines that the drain pipe has the risk of ice blockage. At this time, the ice risk level is Level III.

[0094] When the intelligent thermal insulation identification and control subroutine determines that the drain pipe is at level I, there is no risk of ice blockage in the drain pipe. The central processing unit 51 accesses the data storage component 54 to store the uploaded data, and the intelligent thermal insulation identification and control subroutine directly jumps to step twelve (end) without performing subsequent heating layer 13 control.

[0095] When the intelligent heat preservation identification and control subroutine determines that the drain pipe is at level II, it continues to analyze the water temperature and water pressure data to predict the potential freezing risk level of the drain pipe. When the intelligent heat preservation identification and control subroutine predicts that the potential freezing risk level of the drain pipe is level I, the intelligent heat preservation identification and control subroutine directly jumps to step 12 (end) and no longer performs the subsequent control of the heating layer 13. When the intelligent heat preservation identification and control subroutine predicts that the potential freezing risk level of the drain pipe is level III, it is determined that the drain pipe has potential freezing blockage, and the heating layer 13 is started for heating.

[0096] When the intelligent heat preservation identification and control subroutine determines that the drain pipe is at level III, it is determined that the drain pipe is blocked by ice, and the heating layer 13 is started for heating.

[0097] Step 3: The intelligent insulation identification and control subroutine starts the insulation device 1, the heating layer 13 receives the heating instruction and starts to heat the pipe. The water temperature sensor 17 records the ambient temperature in real time, and the water pressure sensor 16 monitors the water pressure of the drain pipe in real time. The heating layer 13 installed on the outer wall of the pipe ensures that the heating effect is uniform and efficient.

[0098] Step 4: Intelligently adjust heating power

[0099] According to the real-time feedback of water temperature and water pressure data, the intelligent insulation identification and control subroutine dynamically adjusts the output power of the heating layer 13, accurately controls the heating time and heating power of the heating layer 13, ensures that the drainage subsystem provides sufficient heat when needed, and avoids overheating, and avoids or alleviates the precipitation of scale when the water in the drainage pipe is heated and evaporated, thereby clogging the pipe. The specific operation is as follows:

[0100] Adaptive adjustment of heating power: The intelligent heat preservation identification and control subroutine automatically adjusts the power of the heating layer 13 according to the real-time feedback of the icing monitoring device, increases the power when the temperature is low, and appropriately reduces the power when the temperature is high, to ensure uniform and efficient heating effect.

[0101] Historical data analysis: The central processing unit 51 dynamically optimizes the working time and heating cycle of the heating layer 13 by analyzing historical temperature data and energy consumption records to avoid long-term heating and excessive energy consumption.

[0102] Data recording: The central processing unit 51 accesses the data storage component 54 to record the time and status of the start-up of the heating components in the heating layer 13 for subsequent analysis and fault diagnosis.

[0103] Step 5: Turn off the heating layer

[0104] The ice monitoring device provides real-time feedback of the water temperature and water pressure in the drain pipe. When the temperature reaches above the freezing point and the water pressure decreases, the system determines that the ice risk level in the drain pipe has been reduced to Level I. The central processing unit 51 turns off the heating component of the heating layer 13 and accesses the data storage component 54 to record the heating power and heating time for subsequent data analysis and processing.

[0105] Step six: The water quality detection device 9 installed in the longitudinal drainage pipe 3 and the transverse drainage pipe 2 provides real-time feedback on the turbidity, pH value, metal ion concentration, flow rate and temperature in the water. The adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine analyzes and processes the data obtained by the water quality detection device 9, and comprehensively considers the longitudinal drainage pipe and the transverse drainage pipe 2 to classify the blockage conditions into light blockage, moderate blockage and heavy blockage.

[0106] Mild blockage: Scale begins to form on the inner wall of the pipe, but has little effect on water flow and pressure. In general, the turbidity rises slightly, basically maintained between 10-50 NTU, and the flow rate decreases slightly; the concentration of calcium and magnesium ions increases slightly, but not significantly. When the adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine determines that the pipeline is slightly blocked, the central processing unit 51 accesses the data storage component 54 to store the uploaded data and keeps recording it.

[0107] Moderate blockage: When scale accumulates to a certain extent, the heat exchange efficiency decreases significantly, the turbidity increases significantly, and is maintained between 50-200 NTU. The flow rate decreases significantly, and the flow of fluid in the pipeline is greatly hindered. The concentration of calcium and magnesium ions increases significantly, and scale gradually forms. The adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine determines that the pipeline has a risk of blockage and starts the dredging and descaling device 8.

[0108] Severe blockage: Severe accumulation of scale leads to a significant reduction in the water flow section inside the pipe, a significant reduction in water flow, a sharp increase in turbidity, usually exceeding 200 NTU, and obvious sediment. The flow rate is severely reduced, and even stagnation occurs. The concentration of calcium and magnesium ions increases significantly, usually exceeding 100 mg / L, and scaling continues. At the same time, the metal ions in the pipe continue to concentrate due to scaling. When in severe blockage, the adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine simultaneously starts the dredging and descaling device 8 and the conditioning and descaling device.

[0109] Step 7: When the adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine determines that the drain pipe is slightly blocked, the potential blockage level of the drain pipe is predicted based on the data fed back by the water quality detection device. When the predicted potential blockage level of the drain pipe is slightly blocked or unblocked, the rotating blades of the dredging and descaling device 8 are kept running at a low speed. When the adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine predicts that the potential blockage level of the drain pipe is moderately blocked, the adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine issues an acceleration instruction to the dredging and descaling device 8.

[0110] When the adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine determines that the drain pipe is in a moderate blockage, an acceleration command is issued to the dredging and descaling device 8, and the scale and sediment are effectively flushed and peeled off by accelerating the water flow rate. The dredging and descaling device 8 is installed inside the horizontal drain pipe 2 and the longitudinal drain pipe 3. When the larger scale crystals in the pipeline pass through the rotating blades of the dredging and descaling device 8, the sharp rotating blades break them up and make them fine, so that the scale flows out along the drain pipe to prevent the blockage of the drain pipe. At the same time, the adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine has an adaptive adjustment function, which can automatically adjust the acceleration power and acceleration time according to historical data and current water quality conditions, deal with the scale blockage problem more quickly and effectively, and realize the automatic control of the physical descaling of the drain pipe; under certain conditions, the adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine can also set a timed start mode, and start the dredging and descaling device 8 regularly during the period of large pipeline usage or high risk, so as to further improve the anti-scaling effect of the pipeline.

[0111] The water quality detection device feeds back water quality data in real time. When the adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine determines that the blockage degree of the drain pipe has dropped from moderate blockage to light blockage or no blockage, a deceleration command is issued to the dredging and descaling device 8, and the rotating blades of the dredging and descaling device 8 keep running at a low speed.

[0112] When the adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine determines that the drain pipe is severely blocked, the unblocking and descaling device 8 is adjusted to reach the maximum acceleration power, and the conditioning and descaling device is started at the same time. After the device is running, when the adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine determines that the blockage degree of the drain pipe has dropped to moderate blockage, the conditioning and descaling device is turned off to maintain the maximum acceleration power output of the rotating blades of the unblocking and descaling device 8. When the adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine determines that the blockage degree of the drain pipe has dropped to a light blockage or no blockage, a deceleration command is issued to the rotating blades of the unblocking and descaling device 8 to keep the rotating blades of the unblocking and descaling device 8 running at a low speed.

[0113] Step 8: The water quality detection device 9 installed in the longitudinal drainage pipe and the transverse drainage pipe provides real-time feedback on the turbidity, pH value, metal ion concentration, flow rate, and temperature in the water. The intelligent insulation recognition and control subroutine can also access and analyze the data on water temperature fed back by the water quality detection device 9 in real time through the central processing unit 51, and divide the drainage pipe temperature into two levels: above freezing point and below freezing point (freezing).

[0114] The intelligent heat preservation identification and control subroutine can also intelligently adjust the operating speed of the rotating blades of the dredging and descaling device 8 through the central processing unit 51.

[0115] When the temperature of the drain pipe is above the freezing point, the rotating blades of the dredging and descaling device 8 are kept running at a low speed.

[0116] When the temperature is below freezing, the intelligent heat preservation identification and control subroutine issues an acceleration command to the rotating blades of the dredging and descaling device 8 through the central processing unit 51. When the rotating blades of the dredging and descaling device 8 rotate at high speed in the water, the water flows at high speed and is not easy to freeze. At the same time, friction will be generated between the blades and the water. This friction will intensify the movement of water molecules, thereby causing a certain increase in the water temperature. The acceleration power of the rotating blades of the dredging and descaling device 8 is adaptively adjusted through the temperature data fed back in real time by the water quality detection device 9. When the intelligent heat preservation identification and control subroutine accesses and determines through the central processing unit 51 that the temperature of the drain pipe rises above the freezing point, a deceleration command is issued to the rotating blades of the dredging and descaling device 8 to maintain the low-speed operation of the rotating blades of the dredging and descaling device 8.

[0117] Step 9: The water quality detection device 9 provides real-time feedback on pH value, turbidity, metal ion concentration, flow rate, and temperature. When the adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine determines that the drain pipe is at a severe blockage level, the rotating blades of the dredging and descaling device 8 are first adjusted to maintain the maximum acceleration power operation. After the rotating blades are running at the maximum acceleration power, the water quality conditioning and antiscaling device is started. The specific operation is as follows:

[0118] Automatic injection of water quality regulator: The adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine analyzes the data fed back in real time by the water quality detection device 9, and starts the regulator delivery component 10 of the water quality conditioning and descaling device. The regulator delivery component 10 of the water quality conditioning and descaling device is placed near the tee to ensure that the water quality regulator is in full contact with the water flow. The adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine issues a command, the solenoid valve opens, and the water quality regulator is automatically injected into the drain pipe to prevent further formation of scale and blockage of the drain pipe.

[0119] Selection of water quality conditioners: Different water quality conditioners should be used under different water quality conditions. When placing them, the type of reagent should be accurately selected based on the water quality test data. At the same time, attention should be paid to using mild antiscaling agents as much as possible to avoid causing greater pollution to the environment.

[0120] Adaptive adjustment: The adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine has an adaptive adjustment function. It can optimize the amount of water quality conditioner added according to historical data and current water quality conditions to avoid excessive or insufficient conditions. At the same time, according to changes in water quality and actual needs of the pipeline, it can automatically adjust the amount of water quality conditioner added each time (including the rate of addition, time of addition, and frequency of addition). By controlling the amount of addition, the best descaling effect and the minimum consumption of chemicals can be achieved to prevent major pollution to the environment.

[0121] Timed delivery mode: Under certain conditions, the adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine can also be set to a timed delivery mode, that is, during the period when the probability of crystallization in the drainage pipe is high or the risk of scaling is high, the water quality conditioner is automatically delivered at a fixed time to further improve the anti-scaling effect of the pipeline.

[0122] System alarm function: When the water quality conditioner liquid level in the conditioner storage component is lower than the set demand value, an early warning will be automatically issued to remind the staff to replenish the water quality conditioner. In addition, if the conditioner injection component fails or the injection is abnormal, the adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine will also feedback abnormal data and automatically issue an alarm.

[0123] Step 10: Adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine After the conditioning agent delivery component 10 of the water quality conditioning and anti-scaling device is started, the water quality conditioning agent 73 in the storage tank body 71 is transmitted to the release nozzle 101 through the transmission pipe 715 and the delivery hose 104. The water quality conditioning agent monitoring unit 712 is set in the storage tank body 71 to monitor the remaining dosage of the water quality conditioning agent. When the dosage of the water quality conditioning agent 73 in the storage tank body 71 is insufficient, the warning light on the tank cover 72 will light up, and the insufficient dosage of the water quality conditioning agent 73 will also be transmitted to the central processing The unit 51 also issues warning data to remind the staff to add water quality regulator 73 through the replenishment port on the tank cover 72 to prevent the water quality regulator 73 from being insufficiently dosed. The water quality regulator monitoring unit 712 monitors the temperature of the water quality regulator 73 in the storage tank body 71 in real time, and sets a threshold value according to the freezing point of different water quality regulators 73. When the temperature is lower than the threshold value, the warning light on the tank cover 72 will also light up. At the same time, the low temperature situation is transmitted to the central processing unit 51 and warning data is issued to give an early warning of the freezing of the water quality regulator 73.

[0124] After the water quality conditioner is added, the water quality detection device 9 will provide real-time feedback of water quality data. When the adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine determines that the drain pipe is reduced from severe blockage to moderate blockage, the central processing unit 51 turns off the conditioner addition component 10 of the water quality conditioning and descaling device, and at the same time accesses the data storage component 54 to record the amount of water quality conditioner added, the time of addition, the rate of addition, and the frequency of addition for subsequent analysis and fault diagnosis.

[0125] Step 11: After the regulator delivery component 10 of the water quality regulating and anti-scaling device is turned off, the water quality detection device 9 continues to feed back water quality data in real time. When the adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine determines that the drain pipe has changed from moderate blockage to mild blockage or has not reached the mild blockage level, a deceleration instruction is issued to the rotating blades of the dredging and descaling device 8 to maintain the low-speed operation of the rotating blades of the dredging and descaling device 8. At the same time, the central processing unit 51 accesses the data storage component 54 to record the acceleration time and acceleration power of the rotating blades of the dredging and descaling device 8 for subsequent analysis and fault diagnosis. If the adaptive conditioning and descaling identification and control subroutine determines that the drain pipe is still at the moderate blockage level, the system repeats step 7 (acceleration of the rotating blades of the dredging and descaling device 8).

[0126] Step 12: The central processing unit 51 ends the current operation cycle until the next cycle starts. The central processing unit 51 ensures that in an environment with a large temperature difference and abundant water, the heating layer 13 has a high heating efficiency, the dredging and descaling device 8 has a strong anti-blocking function, and the conditioning and descaling device has a stable conditioning and descaling performance through periodic detection and processing. The specific operation is as follows:

[0127] System reset: All monitoring devices, detection devices and actuators enter standby mode, keep the rotating blades of the dredging and descaling device 8 running at a low speed, and wait for the next instruction from the central processing unit 51. The system enters a low-power standby state, waiting for the start of the next cycle.

[0128] Data recording: The central processing unit 51 records all data of the current operation cycle by accessing the data storage component 54 for subsequent analysis and fault diagnosis.

[0129] The present invention provides an intelligent active thermal insulation drainage system for cold-region highway tunnels that can regulate scale to avoid pipe blockage, thereby avoiding freezing, cracking and blockage of tunnel drainage pipes in cold regions, hard water and water-rich environments.

[0130] The present invention uses the real-time feedback of the ice monitoring device and the water quality detection device. The central processing unit 51 analyzes and determines the water temperature, water pressure and water quality data in the drain pipe. When the water temperature and water pressure reach the preset threshold, it identifies the risk of ice blockage in the drain pipe, starts the heating layer of the insulation device 1 for heating, and quickly raises the temperature in the central drain pipe to an appropriate temperature to prevent the water in the drain pipe from freezing and blocking. When the water quality reaches the preset threshold, the dredging and descaling device 8 and the conditioning and anti-scaling device are started to dredge the scale in the drain pipe and adjust the water quality. At the same time, the central processing unit 51 analyzes and predicts the real-time feedback data of the water quality detection device, controls the rotating blades of the dredging and descaling device 8 to accelerate the water flow rate, and effectively flushes and peels off the scale and sediment. When the intelligent identification and control program determines that the pipeline is still at risk of blockage, the regulator delivery component 10 of the water quality regulating and anti-scaling device releases an appropriate amount of water quality regulator to effectively prevent scale formation. Due to the use of active thermal insulation solutions, when the water in the drainage pipe evaporates, it is easier for the drainage pipe to precipitate scale and block the drainage pipe. By installing the dredging and descaling device 8 rotating blade control component, the pipe blockage problem can be effectively prevented. These technical features directly bring significant social, economic and technical benefits, improve the reliability and energy efficiency of the system, and are particularly suitable for the practical application of tunnel thermal insulation drainage in cold areas and areas with abundant water and hard water quality in tunnels.

[0131] In addition, through the data analysis and storage of the central processing unit 51, the tunnel insulation and descaling are adaptive and intelligent, ensuring the stable operation of the system under different environmental conditions, further extending the service life of the tunnel drainage system, significantly improving the overall performance and reliability of the system, and contributing to the stable operation of tunnels in cold regions.

[0132] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drainage system for intelligent heat preservation and adaptive quenching and descaling in cold-region highway tunnels, characterized in that: It includes drainage subsystem, thermal insulation subsystem, descaling subsystem and intelligent control subsystem; The drainage subsystem comprises a central drainage pipe (11) buried along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, longitudinal drainage pipes (3) and annular drainage blind pipes (4) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central drainage pipe (11), and a transverse drainage pipe (2) for connecting the central drainage pipe (11) and the longitudinal drainage pipe (3); The heat preservation subsystem comprises an icing monitoring device and a heat preservation device (1); The icing monitoring device comprises a water temperature sensor (17) and a water pressure sensor (16) which are adjacently arranged at the bottom of the central drain pipe (11); The heat preservation device (1) comprises a heating layer (13) coated on the outside of the pipe wall of the central drainage pipe (11), a heat preservation layer (14), a first waterproof layer (12) and a second waterproof layer (15), and a first anti-adhesion layer (18) located on the inside of the pipe wall of the central drainage pipe (11); The descaling subsystem comprises a water quality detection device (9), a dredging and descaling device (8) and a conditioning and antiscaling device; There are a plurality of water quality detection devices (9), and the plurality of water quality detection devices (9) are respectively installed on the inner bottom of the longitudinal drainage pipe (3) and the transverse drainage pipe (2); The number of the dredging and descaling devices (8) is several, and the several dredging and descaling devices (8) are respectively installed inside the longitudinal drainage pipe (3) and the transverse drainage pipe (2); the dredging and descaling devices (8) are arranged at intervals from the water quality detection device (9); The conditioning and scale inhibition device comprises a conditioning agent storage component (7), a conditioning agent delivery component (10) and a second anti-adhesion layer (105); The conditioning agent storage assembly (7) is arranged on the inner side of the tunnel secondary lining (6), close to the annular drainage blind pipe (4), and located above the longitudinal drainage pipe (3) and the transverse drainage pipe (2); The conditioning agent delivery component (10) is arranged near the connection between the longitudinal drainage pipe (3) and the transverse drainage pipe (2), and the liquid inlet end of the conditioning agent delivery component (10) is connected to the liquid outlet end of the conditioning agent storage component (7); The intelligent control subsystem mainly includes an intelligent identification and control device (5); The intelligent identification and control device (5) is fixedly connected to the inner edge of the tunnel secondary lining (6), and the heat preservation device, the icing monitoring device, the water quality detection device (9), the dredging and descaling device (8) and the conditioning and scale prevention device are all connected to the intelligent identification and control device (5) by wire.

2. The drainage system for intelligent heat preservation and adaptive quenching and descaling in cold region highway tunnels according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water quality detection device (9) comprises a water quality detection device body, and a pH value monitoring element (91), a metal ion monitoring element (92), a turbidity monitoring element (93), a flow rate monitoring element (94), and a temperature monitoring element (95) which are sequentially connected to the water quality detection device body at intervals, and a first circuit unit (96) is connected to one side of the water quality detection device body.

3. The drainage system for intelligent heat preservation and adaptive quenching and descaling in cold region highway tunnels according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The unclogging and descaling device (8) comprises a protective shell (83) for connecting to the inner walls of the longitudinal drain pipe (3) and the transverse drain pipe (2); A support frame (82) is connected to one side of the protective shell (83); a driving motor (81) is installed in the middle of the supporting frame (82); a driving end of the driving motor (81) is drivingly connected to a blade unit (84); and the blade unit (84) is arranged in the protective shell (83); a second circuit unit (86) is connected to the top of the driving motor (81); One end of the protective shell (83) close to the support frame (82) extends radially outwards for a predetermined distance to form a flange, and a plurality of mounting holes (85) are circumferentially formed on the flange.

4. The drainage system for intelligent heat preservation and adaptive quenching and descaling in cold region highway tunnels according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The conditioning agent storage assembly (7) comprises a storage tank body (71) connected to the outside of the longitudinal drainage pipe (3); a water quality conditioning agent (73) is stored inside the storage tank body (71); a water quality conditioning agent monitoring unit (712) is installed inside the storage tank body (71); the outside of the storage tank body (71) is covered with a heat preservation unit (711); two hoops (714) are symmetrically sleeved on the top and bottom of the heat preservation unit (711); each of the hoops (714) is connected to a lateral fixing unit (713); the bottom of the storage tank body (71) is connected to a transmission pipe (715); A detachable tank cover (72) is connected to the top of the storage tank body (71); a sealing strip (716) is provided between the storage tank body (71) and the tank cover (72); The tank cover (72) is connected to a tank cover handle (722) and a warning display light (721) at intervals, and a water quality regulator replenishing port (723) is provided on the tank cover (72), and the water quality regulator replenishing port (723) is located on a side of the tank cover handle (722) away from the warning display light (721); and a detachable sealing cover (724) is connected to the water quality regulator replenishing port (723).

5. The drainage system for intelligent heat preservation and adaptive quenching and descaling in cold region highway tunnels according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The longitudinal drainage pipe (3) is connected to the transverse drainage pipe (2) via a three-way pipe (103).

6. The intelligent heat preservation and adaptive quenching and descaling drainage system for cold region highway tunnels according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The water quality regulator delivery assembly (10) comprises a release nozzle (101), a nozzle mounting sealing cover (102), a three-way pipe (103), a delivery hose (104) and a second anti-adhesion layer (105); The release nozzle (101) is fixedly mounted on the top of the three-way pipe (103) via the nozzle mounting sealing cover (102); The liquid inlet end of the delivery hose (104) is in communication with the transmission pipe (715) at the bottom of the storage tank body (71), and the liquid outlet end of the delivery hose (104) is in communication with the liquid inlet end of the release nozzle (101).

7. The intelligent heat preservation and adaptive quenching and descaling drainage system for cold region highway tunnels according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The intelligent identification and control device (5) comprises a control cabinet (52), and a central processing unit (51), an inverter (53) and a data storage component (54) which are sequentially installed in the control cabinet (52), and the inverter (53) and the data storage component (54) are respectively connected to the central processing unit (51) by wires.

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