Rock slope hidden danger cooperative control method and system based on early warning-prevention and control linkage

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cooperative control, in particular to a rock-soil slope hidden danger cooperative control method and system based on early warning-prevention and control linkage, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining rainfall data of a rock-soil slope, recording the precipitation amount in unit time, calculating the rainfall infiltration rate, reference gradient and surface soil particle composition of a differentiated region, and calculating the rainfall infiltration rate of the differentiated region; and generating a rainfall infiltration rate distribution value. According to the method, the slope stability and the sliding risk are analyzed by recording the rainfall data, calculating the infiltration rate and combining the rainfall data, the infiltration rate, the pore water pressure and the earth surface displacement data, the data acquisition and risk assessment process is effectively linked through real-time monitoring and analysis of key environment parameters, the early warning accuracy and the pertinence of disaster prevention measures are improved, and the early warning efficiency is improved. According to the method, the acceleration instability area is recognized in time, the risk index is further calculated and compared with the early warning threshold value, the response speed is increased, and the ability to deal with sudden geological disasters is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of collaborative control technology, and in particular to a method and system for collaboratively controlling hidden dangers of rock and soil slopes based on early warning-prevention and control linkage. Background Art

[0002] The field of collaborative control technology involves the integration and optimization of multiple technical systems, designed to work on a single platform, sharing data and control logic for more efficient operation and management. In the field of geotechnical engineering, collaborative control technology involves the fusion of geological monitoring, structural monitoring and environmental monitoring data, using this information to guide real-time disaster prevention and emergency response measures. The core content mainly revolves around the real-time data collection, analysis and decision-making process, optimizing response strategies and control methods by improving the efficiency and accuracy of data processing.

[0003] Among them, the collaborative control method of geotechnical slope hazards with early warning and prevention linkage refers to the use of geotechnical slope monitoring data to achieve effective linkage between early warning and prevention and control measures. The technical matters targeted by this patent subject cover monitoring key parameters of slopes such as displacement and stress changes, and determining whether to initiate early warning and specific prevention and control measures by analyzing parameters. Specific methods include using surface and underground sensors to regularly or continuously monitor the state of the slope, and evaluating the stability of the slope and the estimated sliding risk based on the monitoring data. This method relies on physical measurements and data analysis, rather than advanced data processing algorithms or complex computational models, to ensure real-time and accurate risk assessment.

[0004] Although existing technologies have achieved integrated optimization of multi-technical systems, they are insufficient in terms of data real-time and accuracy in actual operations. For example, in geotechnical slope monitoring, existing technologies fail to reflect the immediate impact of rainfall infiltration on slope stability in real time, resulting in delayed disaster warning and emergency response. Existing technologies rely on relatively simple data processing methods to analyze and process key monitoring data, lack in-depth analysis of the inherent connections of data, and fail to accurately predict the risk of slope sliding. These deficiencies lead to misjudgment or omission of potential slope dangers in actual applications, increasing the risk of disasters. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the deficiencies in data real-time and accuracy in actual operations in the prior art, for example, in geotechnical slope monitoring, the prior art fails to reflect the immediate impact of rainfall infiltration on slope stability in real time, resulting in delays in disaster warning and emergency response. The prior art relies on relatively simple data processing methods to analyze and process key monitoring data, lacks in-depth analysis of the inherent connections of the data, and fails to accurately predict the risk of slope sliding. The shortcomings lead to technical problems such as misjudgment or omission of potential dangers of slopes in actual applications, increasing the risk of disasters. The embodiments of the present invention provide a collaborative control method and system for geotechnical slope hazards based on early warning-prevention and control linkage. The technical solution is as follows: On the one hand, a collaborative control method for geotechnical slope hazards based on early warning-prevention and control linkage is provided, which includes: S1: Obtain rainfall data of rock and soil slopes, record the precipitation per unit time, calculate the rainfall infiltration rate of differentiated areas, refer to the slope and surface soil particle composition, and generate rainfall infiltration rate distribution values; S2: Record the pore water pressure value of the rock and soil slope through the rainfall infiltration rate distribution value, identify the change rate within a short time window, analyze the pressure change trend, and obtain the pore water pressure change rate; S3: Based on the pore water pressure change rate, the surface displacement of the rock and soil slope is recorded, the deformation rate is calculated, and according to the stress distribution of the rock and soil slope structure, the acceleration is calculated and the acceleration mutation point is screened, the accelerated instability area is identified, and the deformation acceleration abnormal value is obtained; S4: Calculate the risk index of the rock and soil slope hidden dangers by using the deformation acceleration anomaly value, combined with the pore water pressure value and rainfall infiltration rate distribution value of the rock and soil slope, and compare it with the warning threshold to obtain the slope risk warning level; S5: Based on the slope risk warning level, identify the impact range of geotechnical slope hazards, screen the hazard areas, evaluate the stability decline trend, adopt prevention and control measures, and obtain the results of coordinated control of geotechnical slope hazards.

[0006] As a further scheme of the present invention, the rainfall infiltration rate distribution value includes the infiltration rate, average infiltration speed, and infiltration rate variation range of the rock and soil slope area; the pore water pressure variation rate includes the water pressure peak increase, valley increase, and average variation rate; the deformation acceleration anomaly value includes the location of the abnormal area, the acceleration peak, and the growth rate of the deformation rate; the slope risk warning level includes the risk level classification standard, the real-time risk level update frequency, and the monitoring data range corresponding to the real-time risk level; the rock and soil slope hidden danger collaborative control results include the types of prevention and control measures implemented, the quantitative evaluation results of the effectiveness of the measures, and the expected maintenance time.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention, the step of obtaining the rainfall infiltration rate distribution value is specifically as follows: S101: Obtain rainfall data of the rock and soil slope, record the precipitation per unit time, monitor the precipitation accumulation in the differentiated areas, analyze the precipitation intensity change trend, and obtain the precipitation rate change range; S102: Based on the precipitation rate change interval, monitor the slope information of the differentiated area, extract the surface soil particle composition parameters, refer to the slope and soil particle composition, analyze the influence of the slope on the precipitation infiltration capacity, evaluate the effect of the soil particle composition on the precipitation infiltration capacity, and obtain the slope infiltration influencing parameters; S103: using the slope infiltration influencing parameters, calculating the precipitation infiltration rate of the differentiated slope area, extracting the precipitation infiltration rate distribution characteristics, and obtaining the rainfall infiltration rate distribution value.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, the step of obtaining the pore water pressure change rate is specifically as follows: S201: using the rainfall infiltration rate distribution value, monitoring the pore water pressure value of the rock and soil slope, recording the pore water pressure change per unit time, extracting the pressure change data under the time series, identifying the fluctuation amplitude of the pore water pressure in the differentiated area, and obtaining the pore water pressure fluctuation value; S202: Based on the pore water pressure fluctuation value, identifying the change rate within a short time window, extracting the water pressure change gradient within the time interval, calculating the pressure increment in the differentiated time period, calculating the change rate of the pressure increment, and obtaining the short-time window pressure change rate; S203: Analyze the pressure change trend according to the short-time window pressure change rate, extract the water pressure data of adjacent layers, analyze the change of water pressure gradient, identify the change characteristics of pressure gradient in differentiated layers, and obtain the pore water pressure change rate.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, the step of obtaining the abnormal value of deformation acceleration is specifically as follows: S301: using the pore water pressure change rate, recording the surface displacement of the rock and soil slope, monitoring the displacement increment per unit time, calculating the ratio of the displacement increment to time, obtaining displacement rate data of the differentiated area, and obtaining the surface deformation rate; S302: Based on the surface deformation rate, calculate the stress distribution of the rock and soil slope structure, extract the stress magnitude of the differentiated area, analyze the evolution trend of the stress change over time, and obtain the stress distribution parameters; S303: Calculate the acceleration value of the rock and soil slope through the stress distribution parameters, monitor the acceleration change in the continuous time window, extract the mutation point in the acceleration change curve, calculate the acceleration difference before and after the mutation point, identify the time distribution characteristics of the acceleration mutation, screen the time and space range of the mutation point, and obtain the acceleration mutation point distribution result; S304: Calculate the deformation rate change rate according to the acceleration mutation point distribution result, monitor the deformation rate increase range, identify the spatial distribution within the rate increase range, mark the acceleration instability area, and obtain the deformation acceleration abnormal value.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, the steps for obtaining the slope risk warning level are specifically as follows: S401: using the deformation acceleration anomaly value, combined with the pore water pressure value and the rainfall infiltration rate distribution value, calculating the risk index of the rock and soil slope hidden danger, analyzing the risk index change trend of the differentiated area, extracting the change characteristics of the risk index over time, and obtaining the slope stability index; S402: Based on the slope stability index, a risk warning threshold is set, a deviation between the differentiated risk index and the risk warning threshold is calculated, an area exceeding the warning threshold is screened, a spatial distribution of the risk index exceeding the risk warning threshold is identified, and a risk exceeding threshold distribution area is obtained; S403: Using the risk exceeding threshold distribution area, screening the risk change area, calculating the risk index growth rate of the differentiated risk change area, identifying the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the risk change area, setting the risk warning level classification standard, and obtaining the slope risk warning level.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the formula for calculating the risk index of the rock and soil slope hidden danger is: ; in, represents the risk index, Representative The observed deformation acceleration anomaly value, represents the average value of deformation acceleration, Representative The weight of the observation, Represents the number of observations.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the steps for obtaining the results of collaborative control of rock and soil slope hazards are specifically as follows: S501: According to the slope risk warning level, identify the impact range of the rock and soil slope hidden danger, extract the area with priority risk warning level, identify the spatial distribution characteristics of the rock and soil slope hidden danger, and obtain the rock and soil slope hidden danger area; S502: using the rock and soil slope hazard area, referring to the slope and surface soil particle parameters, calculating the stability decline rate of the differentiated area, analyzing the trend of stability change over time, evaluating the degree of slope impact, and obtaining stability change identification results; S503: Utilizing the stability change identification results, adopting the prevention and control measures of surface drainage, slope protection and anchor support, evaluating the impact of differentiated prevention and control measures on stability, calculating the stability recovery rate under the action of differentiated prevention and control measures, and obtaining the coordinated control results of geotechnical slope hazards.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, the formula for calculating the stability decrease rate of the differentiated region is: ; in, represents the rate of decrease in stability of the region, represents the base of natural logarithms, Representative The slope of the measuring point, Representative Soil particle parameters at each measuring point, Represents the total number of measurement points, represents the critical slope, Represents the standard deviation of soil particle parameters.

[0014] On the other hand, a collaborative control system for geotechnical slope hidden dangers based on early warning-prevention and control linkage is provided, and the collaborative control system for geotechnical slope hidden dangers based on early warning-prevention and control linkage is used to execute the collaborative control method for geotechnical slope hidden dangers based on early warning-prevention and control linkage, and the system includes: The rainfall infiltration monitoring module obtains rainfall data of the rock and soil slope, records the precipitation per unit time, calculates the rainfall infiltration rate based on the slope data and the composition of the surface soil particles, and obtains the rainfall infiltration rate distribution value; The pore water pressure analysis module obtains pore water pressure data based on the rainfall infiltration rate distribution value, calculates the pressure change value in a short period of time, identifies the water pressure gradient change, and obtains the pore water pressure change rate; The acceleration identification module uses the pore water pressure change rate to calculate the deformation rate of the surface displacement per unit time, calculates the acceleration value, screens the acceleration mutation points within the continuous time window, and obtains the deformation acceleration abnormal value; The early warning assessment module calculates the risk index of the geotechnical slope hidden danger according to the abnormal value of the deformation acceleration, screens the risk change area, and obtains the slope risk early warning level; Based on the slope risk warning level, the collaborative prevention and control module identifies the impact range of hidden dangers, analyzes the trend of stability decline, implements surface drainage and slope protection measures, and obtains the collaborative control results of geotechnical slope hidden dangers.

[0015] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention include at least: By acquiring and analyzing rainfall data, pore water pressure values ​​and surface displacement of geotechnical slopes, the risk of slope sliding can be predicted more accurately. By recording rainfall data, calculating the infiltration rate and combining it with pore water pressure and surface displacement data, slope stability and sliding risk can be analyzed. By real-time monitoring and analysis of key environmental parameters, the process of data acquisition and risk assessment can be effectively linked to improve the accuracy of early warning and the pertinence of disaster prevention measures. By timely identifying areas of accelerated instability, further calculating the risk index and comparing it with the early warning threshold, not only the response speed is improved, but also the ability to respond to sudden geological disasters is enhanced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the workflow of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a detailed flow chart of S1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a detailed flow chart of S2 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a detailed flow chart of S3 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a detailed flow chart of S4 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a detailed flow chart of S5 of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a system block diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0018] In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "example" in the present invention should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "example" is intended to present the concept in a specific way. In addition, in the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or it can be either of the two.

[0019] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more clear, a detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] See also Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a collaborative control method for geotechnical slope hazards based on early warning-prevention linkage. The processing flow of the method may include the following steps: S1: Obtain rainfall data of rock and soil slopes, record the precipitation per unit time, calculate the rainfall infiltration rate of differentiated areas, refer to the slope and surface soil particle composition, and generate rainfall infiltration rate distribution values; S2: Record the pore water pressure value of the rock and soil slope through the distribution value of rainfall infiltration rate, identify the change rate within a short time window, analyze the pressure change trend, record the change of water pressure gradient in adjacent layers, and generate the pore water pressure change rate; S3: Based on the pore water pressure change rate, the surface displacement of the rock and soil slope is recorded, the deformation rate is calculated, and according to the stress distribution of the rock and soil slope structure, the acceleration is calculated and the acceleration mutation points in the continuous time window are screened, the deformation rate change rate is calculated, the accelerated instability area is identified, and the deformation acceleration abnormal value is obtained; S4: Using the deformation acceleration anomaly value, combined with the pore water pressure value and rainfall infiltration rate distribution value of the rock and soil slope, the risk index of the rock and soil slope hidden danger is calculated, the warning threshold is set, the risk change area is screened, and the slope risk warning level is obtained; S5: Based on the slope risk warning level, identify the impact range of geotechnical slope hazards, screen the hazard areas, refer to the slope and surface soil particles, evaluate the stability decline trend, adopt surface drainage and slope protection prevention and control measures, and obtain the results of coordinated control of geotechnical slope hazards; The rainfall infiltration rate distribution values ​​include the infiltration rate, average infiltration speed, and infiltration rate variation range of the rock and soil slope area. The pore water pressure change rate includes the peak water pressure increase, trough increase, and average change rate. The deformation acceleration anomaly values ​​include the location of the abnormal area, the acceleration peak, and the growth rate of the deformation rate. The slope risk warning level includes the risk level classification standard, the real-time risk level update frequency, and the monitoring data range corresponding to the real-time risk level. The results of coordinated control of rock and soil slope hazards include the types of prevention and control measures implemented, the quantitative evaluation results of the effectiveness of the measures, and the expected maintenance time.

[0021] See also Figure 2 , the specific steps for obtaining the rainfall infiltration rate distribution value are: S101: Obtain rainfall data of the rock and soil slope, record the precipitation per unit time, monitor the precipitation accumulation in the differentiated areas, analyze the precipitation intensity change trend, and obtain the precipitation rate change range; Obtain rainfall data of rock and soil slopes, set up multiple monitoring points, equip each monitoring point with a rain gauge, record the precipitation per unit time, obtain the initial precipitation data sequence, use time series analysis to decompose the rainfall process, divide the recorded precipitation data into time segments according to minute, hour, and day levels to form precipitation time series data, calculate the total precipitation, mean, and coefficient of variation for each time period, and judge the fluctuation of precipitation intensity by the coefficient of variation. Select the period with a coefficient of variation less than 0.2 as the stable precipitation period. If the coefficient of variation is between 0.2 and 0.5, it is classified as a transitional precipitation period. If the coefficient of variation is greater than 0.5, it is classified as a sudden precipitation period. Combined with the spatial distribution of precipitation, calculate the precipitation difference at different monitoring points, and calculate the cumulative precipitation ratio of each monitoring point. The precipitation difference ratio is calculated. The precipitation difference ratio is set as the ratio of the maximum to the minimum cumulative precipitation at each monitoring point. If the precipitation difference ratio is greater than 1.5, it indicates that the precipitation distribution difference is large. Otherwise, it is considered that the precipitation distribution is relatively uniform. The maximum precipitation in the sudden precipitation period is further compared with the mean precipitation in the stable precipitation period, and the precipitation intensity mutation factor is calculated. The mutation factor is defined as the ratio of the maximum precipitation in the sudden precipitation period to the mean precipitation in the stable precipitation period. If the mutation factor is greater than 2, it is considered that the precipitation intensity changes significantly. The precipitation rate change interval is further extracted, and the precipitation rate in each time period is calculated. The precipitation rate is calculated by dividing the precipitation in unit time by the time interval to obtain the precipitation rate sequence. The maximum, minimum and mean precipitation rate are calculated to obtain the precipitation rate change interval.

[0022] S102: Based on the precipitation rate change interval, monitor the slope information of the differentiated area, extract the surface soil particle composition parameters, refer to the slope and soil particle composition, analyze the influence of the slope on the precipitation infiltration capacity, evaluate the effect of soil particle composition on the precipitation infiltration capacity, and obtain the slope infiltration influencing parameters; Slope monitoring points were set up in different areas of the slope, and a slope sensor was installed at each monitoring point to obtain slope data in real time. The slope values ​​of each monitoring point were recorded, and the mean, maximum, minimum and standard deviation of the slope were statistically analyzed. The degree of slope change was judged by the standard deviation. If the standard deviation was greater than 5 degrees, it indicated that the slope change was large. The surface soil particle composition parameters were extracted, and the particle size analysis method was used to obtain the mass proportion of sand, silt and clay in the soil, and the average soil particle size was calculated. The average particle size was calculated as the weighted sum of the particle size of each particle size multiplied by the mass proportion. The soil particle size distribution characteristics within different slope ranges were evaluated, the slope and soil particle composition were compared, the influence of slope on precipitation infiltration capacity was calculated, and the infiltration rate measurement method was used to obtain different The precipitation infiltration rate in the slope area is used to calculate the infiltration rate change ratio. The infiltration rate change ratio is defined as the ratio of the infiltration rate in the high slope area to the low slope area. If the change ratio is greater than 1.5, it is considered that the slope has a significant effect on the precipitation infiltration capacity. The effect of soil particle composition on precipitation infiltration capacity is further analyzed, the infiltration rates of soils with different particle sizes are compared, the mean infiltration rates of soils with different particle size segments are calculated, the inhibitory effect of clay content on the infiltration rate is evaluated, and the infiltration rate attenuation factor is calculated. The attenuation factor is defined as the ratio of the infiltration rate in the high clay content area to the infiltration rate in the low clay content area. If the attenuation factor is less than 0.5, it indicates that the clay content has a significant effect on the infiltration rate, and the slope infiltration influencing parameters are obtained.

[0023] S103: using slope infiltration influencing parameters, calculating the precipitation infiltration rate of the differentiated slope area, extracting the precipitation infiltration rate distribution characteristics, and obtaining the rainfall infiltration rate distribution value; Calculate the precipitation infiltration rate according to the formula: ; in, represents the precipitation infiltration rate, represents the saturated permeability coefficient, represents the saturated water content of the soil, represents the initial soil moisture content, represents the duration of rainfall, represents the infiltration capacity index, represents the base of natural logarithms; Parameter acquisition: (Saturated permeability coefficient): Determined by laboratory permeability test or field infiltration test; typical values ​​of permeability coefficient range from 1500mm / h, depending on soil type (sand, loam, clay); and (Soil moisture content): measured using time domain reflectometry (TDR) or neutron detection. Common moisture content ranges are 0.05-0.5 (volume fraction). (Infiltration capacity index): can be obtained by fitting the measured data, with a value of 0.01-0.1; Set the initial conditions: (Sandy loam), (Saturated water content of sandy loam), (initial water content), (Rainfall duration), ; Calculate the infiltration rate: ; ; The results represent the precipitation infiltration rate in a specific area of ​​the slope. If different areas have different slopes, soil particle size distributions or rainfall characteristics, the value will vary. This data can be used to construct a spatial distribution model to further predict the infiltration characteristics of different areas of the slope and assess the landslide risk.

[0024] See also Figure 3 , the specific steps for obtaining the pore water pressure change rate are: S201: using the rainfall infiltration rate distribution value, monitoring the pore water pressure value of the rock and soil slope, recording the pore water pressure change per unit time, extracting the pressure change data under the time series, identifying the fluctuation amplitude of the pore water pressure in the differentiated area, and obtaining the pore water pressure fluctuation value; Pore ​​water pressure sensors are arranged on the rock slope. The buried depth of the sensors is set according to the thickness of the slope soil layer, which is set to different depths such as 0.5m, 1.0m, 1.5m and 2.0m. The pore water pressure values ​​at different depths are recorded respectively to obtain the pore water pressure data sequence per unit time. The pressure value is recorded every 5 minutes to form time series data, and the pressure increment at different time points is calculated. The pressure increment is calculated by subtracting the pressure value at the previous moment from the current moment to obtain the changing trend of the pore water pressure. The pressure difference between different monitoring points is further calculated, and the pressure fluctuation amplitude in different areas is extracted. The mean and standard deviation of the fluctuation amplitude are calculated. If the standard deviation is greater than 10kPa, it indicates that the pressure fluctuation is large. If it is less than 5kPa, it indicates that the pressure fluctuation is small. The high fluctuation area is further screened to obtain the pore water pressure fluctuation value.

[0025] S202: Based on the pore water pressure fluctuation value, identify the change rate within the short time window, extract the water pressure change gradient within the time interval, calculate the pressure increment in the differentiated time period, calculate the change rate of the pressure increment, and obtain the pressure change rate in the short time window; The original measured value of pore water pressure is obtained through time series data. The data can be provided by a pore water pressure gauge buried in soil or rock. Assume that pressure measuring points A, B, and C are in a certain soil body. The initially measured pore water pressures are 80 kPa, 85 kPa, and 90 kPa, respectively. The measurement time interval is set to 1 minute. The pressure data in the continuous time window is recorded. Taking a 5-minute window as an example, the pressure data points per minute in the window form a data group, and 5 groups of data are obtained. For example, the pressure data of point A in the first window is [80, 82, 84, 86, 89]. The pressure fluctuation value in the time window is calculated, that is, the difference between the maximum pressure value and the minimum pressure value. The fluctuation value of point A is calculated to be 89-80=9, point B is 10 kPa, and point C is 8 kPa. Identify the changing trend of pressure fluctuations and calculate the rate of change within a short time window by dividing the pressure increment by the time interval. For example, the rate of change at point A is (89-80) / 5=1.8, at point B it is 2 kPa / min, and at point C it is 1.6 kPa / min. During the entire monitoring period, the water pressure gradient in different time intervals is extracted. The gradient is calculated by dividing the pressure increment of adjacent time periods by the time increment. For example, the pressure increments of point A in the first 5-minute window and the second 5-minute window are 9 kPa and 11 kPa respectively, then the gradient is calculated as (11-9) / 5=0.4. The gradients of points B and C are calculated in the same way. Calculate the pressure increments in different time periods, expressed as the difference between the first and last pressure data of each window. For example, the increment of the second window at point A is calculated as 95-84=11, that at point B is calculated as 96-86=10, and that at point C is calculated as 92-83=9. Calculate the change rate of the pressure increment, that is, the change rate of the pressure increment in different time windows. Taking point A as an example, (11-9) / 5=0.4, and obtain the short-time window pressure change rate.

[0026] S203: Analyze the pressure change trend according to the short-term window pressure change rate, extract the water pressure data of adjacent layers, analyze the change of water pressure gradient, identify the change characteristics of pressure gradient in differentiated layers, and obtain the pore water pressure change rate; Analyze the pressure change trend, extract the water pressure data of adjacent layers, set the layer spacing to 0.5m, record the water pressure value of each layer, calculate the pressure gradient between adjacent layers, and calculate the pressure gradient by dividing the water pressure difference between adjacent layers by the layer spacing. Identify the gradient changes between different layers. If the pressure gradient change between adjacent layers is greater than 10kPa / m, it indicates that the pressure difference between layers is significant. Further extract the gradient change trend, calculate the pressure gradient change rate, and calculate the pressure gradient change value at adjacent time points divided by the time interval. If the change rate is greater than 2kPa / min, it indicates that the pressure gradient changes dramatically, and obtain the pore water pressure change rate.

[0027] See also Figure 4 , the specific steps for obtaining the abnormal value of deformation acceleration are: S301: using the pore water pressure change rate, recording the surface displacement of the rock and soil slope, monitoring the displacement increment per unit time, calculating the ratio of the displacement increment to time, obtaining the displacement rate data of the differentiated area, and obtaining the surface deformation rate; High-precision displacement sensors are arranged on the surface of the rock slope, and the sensor spacing is set to 5m. The surface displacement data per unit time is recorded, and the monitoring time interval is set to 10 minutes. The displacement increment between adjacent time points is calculated. The displacement increment is calculated by subtracting the displacement value at the previous moment from the displacement value at the current moment to form a time series displacement data sequence. The displacement rate is further calculated by dividing the displacement increment by the time interval. The displacement rate data of the differentiated areas are obtained, and the displacement rates of different areas are compared. The mean and standard deviation of the displacement rate are calculated. If the standard deviation is greater than 5mm / min, it indicates that the displacement rate difference is significant. The high displacement rate area is further screened, and the deformation rate change amplitude of different areas is calculated. If the displacement rate change in adjacent time windows is greater than 10%, it is considered that the deformation rate change in the area is significant, and the surface deformation rate is obtained.

[0028] S302: Based on the surface deformation rate, calculate the stress distribution of the rock and soil slope structure, extract the stress magnitude of the differentiated area, analyze the evolution trend of the stress change over time, and obtain the stress distribution parameters; Calculate the stress distribution of the geotechnical slope structure, select measuring points at different depths of the slope, record the stress value of each measuring point, calculate the stress increment of each measuring point, and calculate the stress increment as the current stress value minus the stress value at the previous moment. Obtain the time series stress change data, further calculate the stress magnitude in different areas, extract the stress mean, maximum and minimum values, and calculate the stress change gradient. The gradient calculation method is the stress difference between adjacent measuring points divided by the measuring point spacing. If the gradient is greater than 10kPa / m, it is considered that the stress change is significant. Further analyze the evolution trend of stress change over time, calculate the stress change rate, and calculate the stress change rate as the stress increment at adjacent time points divided by the time step. If the stress change rate is greater than 2kPa / min, it is considered that the stress change is drastic, and obtain the stress distribution parameters.

[0029] S303: Calculate the acceleration value of the rock and soil slope through the stress distribution parameters, monitor the acceleration change in the continuous time window, extract the mutation point in the acceleration change curve, calculate the acceleration difference before and after the mutation point, identify the time distribution characteristics of the acceleration mutation, screen the time and space range of the mutation point, and obtain the acceleration mutation point distribution result; Calculate the acceleration value of the geotechnical slope, set measuring points at different slope positions, record the acceleration data per unit time, calculate the acceleration increment of adjacent time points, and calculate the acceleration increment as the current acceleration value minus the acceleration value at the previous moment. Obtain the acceleration change data in the continuous time window, draw the acceleration change curve, and extract the mutation point in the curve. The mutation point identification method is that the acceleration change rate of adjacent time points exceeds the set threshold. The threshold is set to 0.5m / s². If the change rate is greater than the threshold, it is considered that an acceleration mutation occurs. Further calculate the acceleration difference before and after the mutation point. The calculation method is the acceleration value of the mutation point minus the acceleration value at the moment before the mutation point. Identify the time distribution characteristics of the acceleration mutation, further screen the spatiotemporal range of the mutation point, and calculate the spatial distribution density of the mutation point. If the density is greater than 3 mutation points / m², the area is considered to be a high mutation area, and the acceleration mutation point distribution result is obtained.

[0030] S304: Calculate the deformation rate change rate according to the acceleration mutation point distribution result, monitor the deformation rate increase range, identify the spatial distribution within the rate increase range, mark the acceleration instability area, and obtain the deformation acceleration abnormal value; Calculate the deformation rate change rate, which is calculated by subtracting the deformation rate at the previous moment from the current deformation rate and dividing it by the time interval. Obtain deformation rate increase data for different regions, further monitor the deformation rate increase interval, calculate the maximum, minimum and mean increase values, and if the maximum increase value is greater than 20%, it is considered that the deformation rate in this region has increased significantly. Further identify the spatial distribution within the rate increase interval, calculate the area of ​​the increase interval, and if the area of ​​the increase interval exceeds 10m², it is considered that there is a large-scale deformation rate increase in this region. Identify the accelerated instability region, calculate the acceleration increment within the instability region, and obtain the maximum acceleration increment value. If the maximum value exceeds 1m / s², it is considered that there is an abnormal acceleration change in this region, and obtain the abnormal deformation acceleration value.

[0031] See also Figure 5 , the specific steps for obtaining the slope risk warning level are: S401: Calculate the risk index of geotechnical slope hazards by using deformation acceleration anomalies, combined with pore water pressure values ​​and rainfall infiltration rate distribution values, analyze the risk index change trend of differentiated areas, extract the change characteristics of risk index over time, and obtain slope stability index; The formula for calculating the risk index of geotechnical slope hazards is: ; in, represents the risk index, Representative The observed deformation acceleration anomaly value, represents the average value of deformation acceleration, Representative The weight of the observation, Represents the number of observations.

[0032] Parameter explanation and calculation process: It is necessary to collect the deformation acceleration anomaly value of each observation point , and calculate the average ; Subtract the mean from the value of each observation point and take the absolute value, which indicates how much each value deviates from the mean; Each deviation value is multiplied by the corresponding weight , weights are assigned based on the importance or reliability of the observation points; Sum the weighted deviations and divide by ,in is the total number of observation points. This processing can standardize the data and make the results more stable. The abnormal values ​​of deformation acceleration were obtained by conducting five observations on the rock slope in a certain area. The calculated average value is [10, 12, 9, 11, 8]. is 10; Weight is the reliability score of the observation point, obtained by evaluating the accuracy of historical data, assuming the weights are [1.2, 1.0, 1.5, 0.8, 1.1]; Calculate the deviation value for each observation point: , , , , , and we get [0, 2, 1.5, 0.8, 2.2] respectively; Sum the weighted deviations: ; use value: ; Calculate the risk index: ; The results show that the risk index of slope stability assessment is 3.25, which shows the weighted and standardized average deviation of slope deformation in the area, providing a quantitative basis for further safety assessment. S402: Based on the slope stability index, a risk warning threshold is set, the deviation between the differentiated risk index and the risk warning threshold is calculated, the area exceeding the warning threshold is screened, the spatial distribution of the risk index exceeding the risk warning threshold is identified, and the risk exceeding threshold distribution area is obtained; Set the risk warning threshold. The warning threshold is determined based on data statistics. Set three levels: low risk, medium risk, and high risk. The low risk threshold is set to , the medium risk threshold is set as , the high risk threshold is set to , calculate the deviation between the risk index and the warning threshold of each area. The calculation method is to subtract the critical value of the corresponding risk level from the risk index. Screen the areas that exceed the warning threshold. If the risk index of a certain area exceeds the high risk threshold of 0.7, it is marked as a high risk area. Further calculate the area exceeding the warning threshold. If the area is greater than 10m2, it is considered that there is a potential landslide hazard in the area. Identify the spatial distribution of risk index exceeding the risk warning threshold, calculate the number of areas exceeding the high risk threshold, if the number exceeds 20% of the total number of areas, it indicates that the overall risk is high, and obtain the risk exceeding threshold distribution area.

[0033] S403: using the risk exceeding threshold distribution area, screening the risk change area, calculating the risk index growth rate of the differentiated risk change area, identifying the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the risk change area, setting the risk warning level classification standard, and obtaining the slope risk warning level; The risk exceeding threshold distribution area is used to screen the risk change area, and the risk index growth rate at different time points is calculated. The calculation method is the risk index increment at adjacent time points divided by the time interval. The area where the risk index growth rate exceeds the set threshold is identified. The threshold is set to 0.05 / hour. If the risk index growth rate of a certain area exceeds the threshold, it is considered that the risk change in this area is significant. The spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the risk change area are further calculated, and the evolution trend of the risk change rate over time is analyzed. The spatial gradient of the risk change rate is calculated. The calculation method is the difference in the risk index growth rate of adjacent areas divided by the regional spacing. If the spatial gradient is greater than 0.02 / m, it is considered that the risk index change has significant spatial heterogeneity. The risk warning level classification standard is set, and four warning levels are set according to the risk index and the change rate: Level 1 warning (low risk): And the growth rate is less than 0.02 / hour; Level 2 warning (medium risk): And the growth rate is less than 0.05 / hour; Level 3 warning (high risk): Or the growth rate is greater than 0.05 / hour; Level 4 warning (extremely high risk): And the growth rate is greater than 0.08 / hour; Calculate the warning level distribution of each area, screen high-risk and extremely high-risk areas, and if the proportion of high-risk and extremely high-risk areas exceeds 30%, the slope is judged to be in an unstable state as a whole, and the slope risk warning level is obtained.

[0034] See also Figure 6 The specific steps for obtaining the results of coordinated control of geotechnical slope hazards are as follows: S501: According to the slope risk warning level, identify the impact range of the geotechnical slope hidden danger, extract the area with priority of risk warning level, identify the spatial distribution characteristics of the geotechnical slope hidden danger, and obtain the geotechnical slope hidden danger area; Identify the impact range of geotechnical slope hazards. According to the distribution of high-risk and extremely high-risk areas, calculate the impact radius of the hazards. The impact radius is calculated as the maximum distance from the boundary point of the high-risk area to the low-risk area. Obtain the total area within the impact range of the hazard. If the impact range is greater than 50m2, it is considered that the hazard has a wide impact. Further extract areas with priority risk warning levels and sort them from high to low according to the warning level. Select extremely high-risk areas as priority monitoring areas, calculate the mean slope, mean pore water pressure and mean deformation rate of the area, compare the risk index of different areas, select the area with the highest risk index as the key hazard area, identify the spatial distribution characteristics of geotechnical slope hazards, calculate the slope curvature of the hazard area, and calculate the curvature as the second-order derivative of the slope elevation. If the curvature is greater than 0.02 / m, it is considered that the slope morphology of the area has changed significantly. Further screen the hazard area, calculate the connectivity of the hazard area, and calculate the connectivity as the contact boundary length of adjacent high-risk areas divided by the total boundary length. If the connectivity is greater than 0.5, it indicates that the hazard area has strong continuity, and obtain the hazard area of ​​the geotechnical slope.

[0035] S502: Using the rock and soil slope hazard area, referring to the slope and surface soil particle parameters, calculate the stability decline rate of the differentiated area, analyze the trend of stability change over time, evaluate the degree of slope impact, and obtain the stability change identification result; The formula for calculating the stability decline rate of the differentiated region is: ; in, represents the rate of decrease in stability of the region, represents the base of natural logarithms, Representative The slope of the measuring point, Representative Soil particle parameters at each measuring point, Represents the total number of measurement points, represents the critical slope, represents the standard deviation of soil particle parameters; Parameter acquisition and calculation process: Collecting specific data on slope and soil particle parameters, obtained through field measurements; There are three measuring points, slope The corresponding soil particle parameters are 15°, 20°, and 25° respectively. They are 0.3, 0.45, and 0.55 respectively; Critical slope is 22°, which is determined by data analysis and corresponds to the ultimate stability state of the soil type; Standard deviation of soil particle parameters It is obtained by statistical calculation based on the measured data and is set to 0.1; Calculation process: calculate : For the first point: ; For the second point: ; For the third point: ; Calculate the sum ; Apply the exponential part of the formula ; Compute the negative of an exponential and the exponential of the base of the natural logarithm: Close to 0, a very small number, close to ; Calculate the stability degradation rate: ; The results show that the slope stability is very high and almost unaffected under the current slope and soil particle parameters. The calculation results are closely related to the actual requirements, indicating that the slope has extremely high stability under the conditions of the current measurement point, which is crucial for evaluating and monitoring slope stability. S503: Using the stability change identification results, adopting the prevention and control measures of surface drainage, slope protection and anchor support, evaluate the impact of differentiated prevention and control measures on stability, calculate the stability recovery rate under the action of differentiated prevention and control measures, and obtain the coordinated control results of geotechnical slope hazards; The prevention and control measures of surface drainage, slope protection and anchor support were adopted, the scope of action of different prevention and control measures was set, and the stability recovery rate under different measures was calculated. The recovery rate was calculated by subtracting the stability index before the implementation of the prevention and control measures from the stability index before the prevention and control measures divided by the time step. The recovery rate data was obtained to further evaluate the impact of differentiated prevention and control measures on stability, and the mean recovery rate of different areas was calculated. If the recovery rate was greater than 0.05 / hour, it was considered that the prevention and control measures were effective. The areas with higher recovery rates were further screened, the spatiotemporal effects of the prevention and control measures were analyzed, and the comprehensive recovery contribution of each measure was calculated. The comprehensive recovery contribution was calculated as the weighted sum of the recovery rates of each measure, and the weights were set according to the coverage area of ​​the measures to obtain the results of coordinated control of hidden dangers in rock and soil slopes.

[0036] like Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the collaborative control system of rock and soil slope hidden danger based on early warning-prevention linkage includes: The rainfall infiltration monitoring module obtains rainfall data of the rock and soil slope, records the precipitation per unit time, calculates the rainfall infiltration rate of the differentiated area according to the slope data and the composition of the surface soil particles, and obtains the rainfall infiltration rate distribution value; The pore water pressure analysis module obtains pore water pressure data based on the rainfall infiltration rate distribution value, calculates the pressure change value in a short period of time, identifies the change in water pressure gradient between adjacent layers, and obtains the pore water pressure change rate; The acceleration identification module uses the pore water pressure change rate to calculate the deformation rate of the surface displacement per unit time, calculates the acceleration value, screens the acceleration mutation points within the continuous time window, calculates the deformation rate change rate, identifies the accelerated instability area, and obtains the deformation acceleration abnormal value; The early warning assessment module calculates the risk index of geotechnical slope hazards based on the abnormal value of deformation acceleration, screens the risk change area, and obtains the slope risk early warning level; The collaborative prevention and control module identifies the impact range of hidden dangers based on the slope risk warning level, analyzes the trend of stability decline, implements surface drainage and slope protection measures, and obtains the results of collaborative control of geotechnical slope hazards.

[0037] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A collaborative control method for geotechnical slope hazards based on early warning-prevention linkage, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Obtain rainfall data of rock and soil slopes, record the precipitation per unit time, calculate the rainfall infiltration rate of differentiated areas, refer to the slope and surface soil particle composition, and generate rainfall infiltration rate distribution values; S2: Record the pore water pressure value of the rock and soil slope through the rainfall infiltration rate distribution value, identify the change rate within a short time window, analyze the pressure change trend, and obtain the pore water pressure change rate; S3: Based on the pore water pressure change rate, the surface displacement of the rock and soil slope is recorded, the deformation rate is calculated, and according to the stress distribution of the rock and soil slope structure, the acceleration is calculated and the acceleration mutation point is screened, the accelerated instability area is identified, and the deformation acceleration abnormal value is obtained; S4: Calculate the risk index of the rock and soil slope hidden dangers by using the deformation acceleration anomaly value, combined with the pore water pressure value and rainfall infiltration rate distribution value of the rock and soil slope, and compare it with the warning threshold to obtain the slope risk warning level; S5: Based on the slope risk warning level, identify the impact range of geotechnical slope hazards, screen the hazard areas, evaluate the stability decline trend, adopt prevention and control measures, and obtain the results of coordinated control of geotechnical slope hazards.

2. The method for collaboratively controlling rock and soil slope hazards based on early warning-prevention linkage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rainfall infiltration rate distribution value includes the infiltration rate, average infiltration speed, and infiltration rate variation range of the rock and soil slope area; the pore water pressure variation rate includes the water pressure peak increase, valley increase, and average variation rate; the deformation acceleration anomaly value includes the location of the abnormal area, the acceleration peak, and the growth rate of the deformation rate; the slope risk warning level includes the risk level classification standard, the real-time risk level update frequency, and the monitoring data range corresponding to the real-time risk level; the rock and soil slope hidden danger collaborative control results include the types of prevention and control measures implemented, the quantitative evaluation results of the effectiveness of the measures, and the expected maintenance time.

3. The method for collaboratively controlling rock and soil slope hazards based on early warning-prevention linkage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the rainfall infiltration rate distribution value are specifically as follows: S101: Obtain rainfall data of the rock and soil slope, record the precipitation per unit time, monitor the precipitation accumulation in the differentiated areas, analyze the precipitation intensity change trend, and obtain the precipitation rate change range; S102: Based on the precipitation rate change interval, monitor the slope information of the differentiated area, extract the surface soil particle composition parameters, refer to the slope and soil particle composition, analyze the influence of the slope on the precipitation infiltration capacity, evaluate the effect of the soil particle composition on the precipitation infiltration capacity, and obtain the slope infiltration influencing parameters; S103: using the slope infiltration influencing parameters, calculating the precipitation infiltration rate of the differentiated slope area, extracting the precipitation infiltration rate distribution characteristics, and obtaining the rainfall infiltration rate distribution value.

4. The method for collaboratively controlling rock and soil slope hazards based on early warning-prevention linkage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the pore water pressure change rate are specifically as follows: S201: using the rainfall infiltration rate distribution value, monitoring the pore water pressure value of the rock and soil slope, recording the pore water pressure change per unit time, extracting the pressure change data under the time series, identifying the fluctuation amplitude of the pore water pressure in the differentiated area, and obtaining the pore water pressure fluctuation value; S202: Based on the pore water pressure fluctuation value, identifying the change rate within a short time window, extracting the water pressure change gradient within the time interval, calculating the pressure increment in the differentiated time period, calculating the change rate of the pressure increment, and obtaining the short-time window pressure change rate; S203: Analyze the pressure change trend according to the short-time window pressure change rate, extract the water pressure data of adjacent layers, analyze the change of water pressure gradient, identify the change characteristics of pressure gradient in differentiated layers, and obtain the pore water pressure change rate.

5. The method for collaboratively controlling rock and soil slope hazards based on early warning-prevention linkage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the abnormal value of deformation acceleration are specifically as follows: S301: using the pore water pressure change rate, recording the surface displacement of the rock and soil slope, monitoring the displacement increment per unit time, calculating the ratio of the displacement increment to time, obtaining displacement rate data of the differentiated area, and obtaining the surface deformation rate; S302: Based on the surface deformation rate, calculate the stress distribution of the rock and soil slope structure, extract the stress magnitude of the differentiated area, analyze the evolution trend of the stress change over time, and obtain the stress distribution parameters; S303: Calculate the acceleration value of the rock and soil slope through the stress distribution parameters, monitor the acceleration change in the continuous time window, extract the mutation point in the acceleration change curve, calculate the acceleration difference before and after the mutation point, identify the time distribution characteristics of the acceleration mutation, screen the time and space range of the mutation point, and obtain the acceleration mutation point distribution result; S304: Calculate the deformation rate change rate according to the acceleration mutation point distribution result, monitor the deformation rate increase range, identify the spatial distribution within the rate increase range, mark the acceleration instability area, and obtain the deformation acceleration abnormal value.

6. The method for collaboratively controlling rock and soil slope hazards based on early warning-prevention linkage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the slope risk warning level are specifically as follows: S401: using the deformation acceleration anomaly value, combined with the pore water pressure value and the rainfall infiltration rate distribution value, calculating the risk index of the rock and soil slope hidden danger, analyzing the risk index change trend of the differentiated area, extracting the change characteristics of the risk index over time, and obtaining the slope stability index; S402: Based on the slope stability index, a risk warning threshold is set, a deviation between the differentiated risk index and the risk warning threshold is calculated, an area exceeding the warning threshold is screened, a spatial distribution of the risk index exceeding the risk warning threshold is identified, and a risk exceeding threshold distribution area is obtained; S403: Using the risk exceeding threshold distribution area, screening the risk change area, calculating the risk index growth rate of the differentiated risk change area, identifying the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the risk change area, setting the risk warning level classification standard, and obtaining the slope risk warning level.

7. The method for collaboratively controlling rock and soil slope hazards based on early warning-prevention linkage according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The formula for calculating the risk index of the rock and soil slope hidden danger is: ； in, represents the risk index, Representative The observed deformation acceleration anomaly value, represents the average value of deformation acceleration, Representative The weight of the observation, Represents the number of observations.

8. The method for collaboratively controlling rock and soil slope hazards based on early warning-prevention linkage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific steps for obtaining the results of the collaborative control of rock and soil slope hazards are as follows: S501: According to the slope risk warning level, identify the impact range of the rock and soil slope hidden danger, extract the area with priority risk warning level, identify the spatial distribution characteristics of the rock and soil slope hidden danger, and obtain the rock and soil slope hidden danger area; S502: using the rock and soil slope hazard area, referring to the slope and surface soil particle parameters, calculating the stability decline rate of the differentiated area, analyzing the trend of stability change over time, evaluating the degree of slope impact, and obtaining stability change identification results; S503: Utilizing the stability change identification results, adopting the prevention and control measures of surface drainage, slope protection and anchor support, evaluating the impact of differentiated prevention and control measures on stability, calculating the stability recovery rate under the action of differentiated prevention and control measures, and obtaining the coordinated control results of geotechnical slope hazards.

9. The method for collaboratively controlling rock and soil slope hazards based on early warning-prevention linkage according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The formula for calculating the stability decrease rate of the differentiated region is: ； in, represents the rate of stability decline of the region, represents the base of natural logarithms, Representative The slope of the measuring point, Representative Soil particle parameters at each measuring point, Represents the total number of measurement points, represents the critical slope, Represents the standard deviation of soil particle parameters.

10. A collaborative control system for rock and soil slope hazards based on early warning-prevention linkage, characterized in that: According to the method for collaborative control of rock and soil slope hazards based on early warning-prevention linkage according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the system comprises: The rainfall infiltration monitoring module obtains rainfall data of the rock and soil slope, records the precipitation per unit time, calculates the rainfall infiltration rate based on the slope data and the composition of the surface soil particles, and obtains the rainfall infiltration rate distribution value; The pore water pressure analysis module obtains pore water pressure data based on the rainfall infiltration rate distribution value, calculates the pressure change value in a short period of time, identifies the water pressure gradient change, and obtains the pore water pressure change rate; The acceleration identification module uses the pore water pressure change rate to calculate the deformation rate of the surface displacement per unit time, calculates the acceleration value, screens the acceleration mutation points within the continuous time window, and obtains the deformation acceleration abnormal value; The early warning assessment module calculates the risk index of the geotechnical slope hidden danger according to the abnormal value of the deformation acceleration, screens the risk change area, and obtains the slope risk early warning level; Based on the slope risk warning level, the collaborative prevention and control module identifies the impact range of hidden dangers, analyzes the trend of stability decline, implements surface drainage and slope protection measures, and obtains the collaborative control results of geotechnical slope hidden dangers.

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