Contact measurement method

Abstract

The invention relates to a connection survey method. The connection survey method comprises the steps that a plurality of first temporary control points are arranged on the ground near a first-level network control point, the ground near a wellhead of a first laneway, the ground between the first-level network control point and the wellhead of the first laneway, the side wall of the first laneway and the connecting position of each layer of the first laneway and the underground; a plurality of first measuring stations are sequentially arranged at intervals in the first measuring direction, and the first measuring stations are located on the ground, the side wall of the first laneway and the joint of the first laneway and each underground layer; and measuring position data of the first-level network control point, each first temporary control point and the first underground starting point of each layer underground at each first measurement station by using a tracker, and determining coordinates of the first underground starting point of each layer underground according to the position data measured by the tracker at each first measurement station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of contact measurement, and more particularly to a contact measurement method. Background Art

[0002] In underground engineering, in order to establish a unified coordinate system and elevation benchmark between the ground and underground, the ground coordinate system and elevation benchmark are transferred to the underground through tunnels, inclined shafts and vertical shafts. This work of transferring underground starting data is called connection measurement.

[0003] Traditional contact measurement is divided into plane contact measurement and elevation contact measurement. Plane contact measurement uses geometric orientation and gyrotheodolite orientation methods to determine the coordinates of the first underground starting point and the azimuth of the starting side; elevation contact measurement uses long steel ruler method, long steel wire method, photoelectric rangefinder and vertical distance measurement to achieve elevation transfer. Among them, plane contact measurement requires the erection of a bracket at the wellhead and the hanging of a steel wire plumb line for measurement. Considering the high accuracy requirements of the hard wire control network, the need for underground layout measurement after the contact measurement, and the inconvenience of erecting a bracket on site, traditional contact measurement cannot take into account the above requirements. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a contact measurement method to achieve high-precision contact measurement and reduce measurement complexity.

[0005] Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides a connection measurement method for transferring the coordinates of the primary network control point on the ground to at least one underground layer, wherein the ground is provided with a first shaft and lane for communicating with each underground layer, and each underground layer has a first underground starting point, and the connection measurement method comprises:

[0006] A plurality of first temporary control points are respectively set on the ground near the primary network control point, on the ground near the wellhead of the first shaft and lane, on the ground between the primary network control point and the wellhead of the first shaft and lane, on the side wall of the first shaft and lane, and at the connection between the first shaft and lane and each underground layer;

[0007] The extending direction from the primary network control point to the wellhead of the first shaft and the wellhead of the first shaft to the well bottom is taken as the first measurement direction, and a plurality of first measurement stations are sequentially arranged at intervals along the first measurement direction, and each first measurement station is respectively located on the ground, the side wall of the first shaft and the connection between the first shaft and each underground layer;

[0008] A tracker is used to measure the position data of the first-level network control point, each first temporary control point and the first underground starting point of each underground layer at each first measuring station, and the coordinates of the first underground starting point of each underground layer are determined based on the position data measured by the tracker at each first measuring station to transfer the coordinates of the first-level network control point to each underground layer.

[0009] Furthermore, the same point measured by the tracker at two adjacent first measuring stations is taken as a common point, and each first measuring station is configured so that the tracker can measure the primary network control point at at least one of the first measuring stations, and the tracker can measure multiple common points at any two adjacent first measuring stations.

[0010] Furthermore, each first measuring station is respectively located on the ground, the side wall of the first shaft and the connection between the first shaft and each underground layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the first temporary control points located near the wellhead of the first shaft and tunnel are evenly arranged around the wellhead of the first shaft and tunnel.

[0012] Furthermore, the distance between any two adjacent first temporary control points on the ground between the primary network control point and the wellhead of the first shaft lane is the same.

[0013] Further, the tracker measures the position data of a first underground starting point of each underground layer at a first measuring station located at a connection between the first shaft and each underground layer.

[0014] Furthermore, there are at least four common points between any two adjacent first measuring stations.

[0015] Further, determining the coordinates of the first underground starting point of each underground layer according to the position data measured by the tracker at each first measuring station specifically includes:

[0016] The position data measured by the tracker at each first measurement station is processed in a unified spatial measurement network to unify the primary network control point, each first temporary control point and the first underground starting point of each underground layer in the same coordinate system.

[0017] Furthermore, the first-level network control point, the first temporary control point and the first underground starting point are all provided with a target seat, and a reflective ball is provided on the target seat.

[0018] Furthermore, a second shaft is provided on the ground, and the second shaft is connected to each underground layer respectively, and each underground layer also has a second underground starting point, and the connection between the first shaft and each underground layer is connected to the connection between the second shaft and the underground layer through a connecting passage, and the connection measurement method further includes:

[0019] The extending direction from the primary network control point to the wellhead of the second shaft and the wellhead of the second shaft to the well bottom is taken as the second measurement direction, a plurality of second temporary control points and a plurality of second measurement stations are sequentially set along the second measurement direction, and the first measurement value of the coordinate of the second underground starting point of each underground layer is determined according to the position data of the primary network control point, each second temporary control point and each second underground starting point respectively measured by the tracker at the plurality of second measurement stations;

[0020] A plurality of third temporary control points and a plurality of third measuring stations are sequentially arranged at intervals on a connecting passage between a connection point between the first shaft and each underground layer and a connection point between the second shaft and the underground layer, and a second measurement value of the coordinates of the second underground starting point of the underground layer is determined based on the position data of the first underground starting point of the underground layer, each temporary control point and the second underground starting point of the underground layer measured at each third measuring station by a tracker;

[0021] An error between the first measurement value and the second measurement value is calculated, and it is determined whether the error meets a preset accuracy requirement.

[0022] The connection measurement method of the present invention sets up multiple measurement stations to enable the tracker to perform transfer measurement, and realizes the transmission of coordinates through the common points between adjacent measurement stations, so that the tracker can be applied to the connection measurement, and realizes long-distance and high-precision measurement in the connection measurement; the position and number of each measurement station can be freely set as needed, so the measurement method of the present invention can set up the tracker according to the on-site construction environment, reducing the influence of the on-site environment on the measurement, thereby reducing the measurement complexity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a contact measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and described in detail.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a connection measurement method for transferring the coordinates of the primary network control point on the ground to at least one underground layer. A first shaft is provided on the ground, and the first shaft is used to communicate with at least one underground layer. Each underground layer has a first underground starting point. The connection measurement method includes the following steps:

[0026] S100: A plurality of first temporary control points are respectively set on the ground near the first-level network control point, on the ground near the wellhead of the first shaft and tunnel, on the ground between the first-level network control point and the wellhead of the first shaft and tunnel, on the side wall of the first shaft and tunnel, and at the connection between the first shaft and tunnel and each underground layer.

[0027] The primary network control points are a series of fixed points with high precision and known coordinates that are set up in the connection measurement to determine the measurement position and direction. These fixed points are the basis of the measurement work and are used to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the entire measurement process. The primary network control points are usually measured in advance with high-precision measurement methods to ensure the accuracy of their coordinate values. They are long-term stable points and are not easily affected by external factors.

[0028] The first temporary control point is used to transfer the coordinates of the first-level network control point to the first underground starting point of each underground layer. Its position can be set as needed. Theoretically, the more the number of first temporary control points, the higher the measurement accuracy, but correspondingly, the greater the calculation workload. Therefore, the number of first temporary control points needs to be considered in combination with accuracy and calculation workload. Exemplarily, 10 first temporary control points can be set near the first-level network control point and near the wellhead (for example, they can be evenly set around the wellhead), 6 first temporary control points are set every 8 meters on the ground between the first-level network control point and the wellhead, 12 first temporary control points are set at the connection between the first shaft and each underground layer, and a total of 12 temporary control points are set on the side wall of the first shaft and evenly distributed along the circumference.

[0029] In some embodiments, the first shaft may include a vertical shaft and / or an inclined shaft and / or a tunnel.

[0030] S200: Taking the extending direction from the primary network control point to the wellhead of the first shaft and tunnel and from the wellhead of the first shaft and tunnel to the well bottom as the first measurement direction, and sequentially setting a plurality of first measurement stations at intervals along the first measurement direction.

[0031] The first measurement station is used to enable the tracker to measure the position of the primary network control point and / or each first temporary control point and / or the first underground starting point of each underground layer, so as to associate each first temporary control point and the first underground starting point of each underground layer with the primary network control point. Each first measurement station can be located on the ground, the side wall of the first shaft and lane, and the connection between the first shaft and lane and each underground layer. For example, multiple first measurement stations can be arranged in sequence on the ground between the primary network control point and the wellhead of the first shaft and lane, multiple first measurement stations can be arranged on the side wall of the first shaft and lane from top to bottom, and one first measurement station is arranged at the connection between the first shaft and lane and each underground layer.

[0032] S300: Use a tracker to measure the position data of the first-level network control point, each first temporary control point and the first underground starting point of each underground layer at each first measuring station, and determine the coordinates of the first underground starting point of each underground layer according to the position data measured by the tracker at each first measuring station, so as to transfer the coordinates of the first-level network control point to each underground layer.

[0033] In some embodiments, the same points measured by the tracker at two adjacent first measurement stations are used as common points. Each first measurement station is set such that the tracker can measure the primary network control points at at least one of the first measurement stations, and the tracker can measure multiple common points at any two adjacent first measurement stations. For example, assume that the first measurement stations arranged in sequence along the first measurement direction are A1, A2, A3…Am, Am+1…An respectively, where both m and n are positive integers, 3 < m < n, that is, a total of n first measurement stations are set on the ground and in the first roadway, with m set on the ground and n - m set in the first roadway. The tracker can measure the primary network control points and some first temporary control points at the first measurement station A1, then measure some first temporary control points at the first measurement station A2, measure some first temporary control points at the first measurement station A3, and so on. The tracker also measures some first temporary control points at the first measurement station Am, and the tracker measures some first temporary control points and the first underground starting point from Am+1 to An; among them, there are multiple identical first temporary control points measured by the tracker at A2 and A1, that is, there are multiple common points (for example, at least four). Since the tracker can measure the distances between the primary network control points and the common points measured at the first measurement station A1 and the first measurement station A1 respectively, and the coordinates of the primary network control points are known, the coordinates of each first temporary control point measured by the tracker at A1 can be obtained, including the coordinates of the common point between A1 and A2. Similarly, based on the coordinates of the common point between A1 and A2 and the distances between each first temporary control point measured by the tracker at A2 and A2, the coordinates of the remaining first temporary control points measured by the tracker at A2 except for the common point between A1 and A2 can be obtained, and so on. The primary network control points are sequentially transmitted along the first measurement direction through the common points measured by the tracker at adjacent two measurement stations, and the coordinates of all first temporary control points and all first underground starting points can be obtained, that is, the coordinates of the first underground starting point of each layer underground can be obtained. At least some of Am+1 to An are respectively set at the connection of each layer underground and the first roadway, and the tracker can measure the first underground starting point of the corresponding layer underground at the first measurement station arranged at the connection of each layer underground and the first roadway.

[0034] The positions and quantities of the first measurement stations can be freely set according to needs, as long as it can satisfy that the tracker measures multiple common points at adjacent first measurement stations. Therefore, the measurement method of the present invention can set up the tracker according to the on-site construction environment, reducing the influence of the on-site environment on the measurement, thereby reducing the measurement complexity.

[0035] In some embodiments, Spatial Analyzer software may be used to process the data measured by the tracker at each first measurement station, such as performing USMN (Unified Spatial Measurement Network) processing, thereby unifying the first-level network control points, each first temporary control point, and the first underground starting point of each underground layer in one coordinate system. The USMN processing method is well known in the art and will not be repeated here.

[0036] In some embodiments, target seats may be set at the primary network control point, the first temporary control point and the first underground starting point, and the reflective ball of the tracker may be placed on the target seats, so that each point can be measured by the tracker.

[0037] Since the tracker has high requirements for the measurement environment, and the environment for the linked measurement is relatively harsh, the harsh environment, such as the vibration of on-site construction, changes in ambient temperature, light pollution, etc., will interfere with the measurement of the tracker and affect its measurement results. To solve this problem, the measurement method of the present invention is preferably performed when the harsh environment is less severe, such as at night to avoid the influence of construction vibration and light pollution, and the measurement can be completed quickly in a short time to avoid the influence of ambient temperature changes. Although the tracker has high accuracy, its measurement range is small. The measurement method of the present invention sets up multiple measurement stations for transfer measurement, and realizes the transfer of coordinates through the common points between adjacent measurement stations, so that the tracker can be applied to linked measurement, realizing long-distance and high-precision measurement in linked measurement.

[0038] In some embodiments, a second shaft may be provided on the ground, the second shaft is connected to each underground layer respectively, each underground layer also has a second underground starting point, the connection between the first shaft and each underground layer is connected to the connection between the second shaft and the underground layer through a connecting channel, and the connection measurement method may further include the following steps:

[0039] S400: taking the extension direction from the primary network control point to the wellhead of the second shaft and the extension direction from the wellhead of the second shaft to the well bottom as the second measurement direction, sequentially setting a plurality of second temporary control points and a plurality of second measurement stations along the second measurement direction, using the position data of the primary network control point, each second temporary control point and each second underground starting point measured by the tracker at the plurality of second measurement stations, so as to transfer the coordinates of the primary network control point to the second underground starting point of each underground layer, and obtain the first measurement value of the coordinates of the second underground starting point of each underground layer;

[0040] S500: a plurality of third temporary control points and a plurality of third measuring stations are sequentially arranged at intervals on a connecting passage between a connection point between the first shaft and each underground layer and a connection point between the second shaft and the underground layer, and the coordinates of the first underground starting point of the underground layer, the temporary control points of each point, and the second underground starting point of the underground layer measured by a tracker at each third measuring station are transferred to the second underground starting point of the underground layer, thereby obtaining a second measurement value of the coordinates of the second underground starting point of the underground layer;

[0041] S600: Calculate the error between the first measurement value and the second measurement value, and determine whether the error meets a preset accuracy requirement.

[0042] In step S400, the method of measuring the coordinates of the second underground starting point of each layer of the underground by using the tracker and the second shaft is the same as the method of measuring the coordinates of the first underground starting point of each layer of the underground by using the tracker and the first shaft, and the details can be referred to in steps S100-S300. In step S500, the method of transferring the coordinates of the first underground starting point to the second underground starting point by performing transfer measurement at multiple third measuring stations by the tracker is the same as the method of transferring the coordinates of the primary network control point to the first underground starting point as described above, and will not be repeated here. Since the coordinates of the first underground starting point are obtained based on the coordinates of the primary network control point, the first measurement value is also obtained based on the coordinates of the primary network control point, and the second measurement value is obtained from the coordinates of the first underground starting point. In theory, the first measurement value obtained by transferring the coordinates of the primary network control point to the second underground starting point should be the same as the second measurement value obtained by transferring the coordinates of the first underground starting point to the second underground starting point. Due to the inherent error of the measurement itself, the first measurement value and the second measurement value cannot be completely the same, but the error between the two should be very small. Therefore, by comparing the error between the first measurement value and the second measurement value, it can be determined whether the measurement result is accurate. Specifically, if the error between the two meets the preset accuracy requirement, that is, the error is small, it means that the first measurement value of the coordinates of the first underground starting point and the coordinates of the second underground starting point is accurate; if the error between the two does not meet the preset accuracy requirement, that is, the error is too large, it means that at least one of the first measurement values ​​of the coordinates of the first underground starting point and the coordinates of the second underground starting point is inaccurate, and it is necessary to re-measure until the preset accuracy requirement is met. For example, after obtaining the first measurement value and the second measurement value, the coordinate values ​​of the corresponding coordinate axes of the first measurement value and the second measurement value can be subtracted, and the root mean square of the difference of the coordinate values ​​of each coordinate axis can be calculated. If the root mean square is less than 0.1 mm, it means that the preset accuracy requirement is met, otherwise, the preset accuracy requirement is not met.

[0043] In some embodiments, the second shaft may include a vertical shaft and / or an inclined shaft and / or a tunnel.

[0044] The linked measurement method of the embodiment of the present invention sets up multiple measuring stations to enable the tracker to perform transfer measurement, and realizes the transmission of coordinates through the common points between adjacent measuring stations, so that the tracker can be applied to the linked measurement, and realizes long-distance and high-precision measurement in the linked measurement; the position and number of each measuring station can be freely set as needed, so the measurement method of the present invention can set up the tracker according to the on-site construction environment, reducing the influence of the on-site environment on the measurement, thereby reducing the measurement complexity.

[0045] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The above embodiment of the present invention can also be modified in various ways. That is, all simple, equivalent changes and modifications made according to the claims and the description of the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention. The contents not described in detail in the present invention are all conventional technical contents.

Claims

1. A contact measurement method, characterized in that: The method is used to transfer the coordinates of the primary grid control points on the ground to at least one underground layer, wherein the ground is provided with a first shaft and lane for communicating with each underground layer, and each underground layer has a first underground starting point, and the connection measurement method comprises: A plurality of first temporary control points are respectively set on the ground near the primary network control point, on the ground near the wellhead of the first shaft and lane, on the ground between the primary network control point and the wellhead of the first shaft and lane, on the side wall of the first shaft and lane, and at the connection between the first shaft and lane and each underground layer; The extending direction from the primary network control point to the wellhead of the first shaft and the wellhead of the first shaft to the well bottom is taken as the first measurement direction, and a plurality of first measurement stations are sequentially arranged at intervals along the first measurement direction, and each first measurement station is respectively located on the ground, the side wall of the first shaft and the connection between the first shaft and each underground layer; A tracker is used to measure the position data of the first-level network control point, each first temporary control point and the first underground starting point of each underground layer at each first measuring station, and the coordinates of the first underground starting point of each underground layer are determined based on the position data measured by the tracker at each first measuring station to transfer the coordinates of the first-level network control point to each underground layer.

2. The contact measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The same point measured by the tracker at two adjacent first measurement stations is taken as a common point, and each first measurement station is configured so that the tracker can measure the primary network control point at at least one of the first measurement stations, and the tracker can measure multiple common points at any two adjacent first measurement stations.

3. The contact measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first measuring stations are respectively located on the ground, the side wall of the first shaft and the connection between the first shaft and each underground layer.

4. The contact measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first temporary control points located near the wellhead of the first shaft and lane are evenly arranged around the wellhead of the first shaft and lane.

5. The contact measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between any two adjacent first temporary control points on the ground between the first-level network control point and the wellhead of the first well tunnel is the same.

6. The contact measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tracker measures position data of a first underground starting point of each underground layer at a first measuring station located at a connection between the first shaft and the underground layer.

7. The contact measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are at least four common points between any two adjacent first measuring stations.

8. The contact measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the coordinates of the first underground starting point of each underground layer according to the position data measured by the tracker at each first measuring station specifically includes: The position data measured by the tracker at each first measurement station is processed in a unified spatial measurement network to unify the primary network control point, each first temporary control point and the first underground starting point of each underground layer in the same coordinate system.

9. The contact measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-level network control point, the first temporary control point and the first underground starting point are all provided with a target seat, and a reflective ball is provided on the target seat.

10. The contact measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second shaft is also provided on the ground, and the second shaft is connected to each underground layer respectively, and each underground layer also has a second underground starting point, and the connection between the first shaft and each underground layer is connected to the connection between the second shaft and the underground layer through a connecting passage, and the connection measurement method also includes: The extending direction from the primary network control point to the wellhead of the second shaft and the wellhead of the second shaft to the well bottom is taken as the second measurement direction, a plurality of second temporary control points and a plurality of second measurement stations are sequentially set along the second measurement direction, and the first measurement value of the coordinate of the second underground starting point of each underground layer is determined according to the position data of the primary network control point, each second temporary control point and each second underground starting point respectively measured by the tracker at the plurality of second measurement stations; A plurality of third temporary control points and a plurality of third measuring stations are sequentially arranged at intervals on a connecting passage between a connection point between the first shaft and each underground layer and a connection point between the second shaft and the underground layer, and a second measurement value of the coordinates of the second underground starting point of the underground layer is determined based on the position data of the first underground starting point of the underground layer, each temporary control point and the second underground starting point of the underground layer measured at each third measuring station by a tracker; An error between the first measurement value and the second measurement value is calculated, and it is determined whether the error meets a preset accuracy requirement.

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