Implementation Method for Low Power Consumption of the Upper-Air Radiosonde in the Secondary Wind-Finding Sounding Radar

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for realizing low power consumption of an airborne radiosonde in a secondary wind sounding radar. In this method, the ground radar measures the distance between itself and the airborne radiosonde, calculates the receiving channel gain of the airborne radiosonde, and controls the receiving channel gain of the airborne radiosonde by sending instructions to the radiosonde; the ground radar measures the distance between itself and the airborne radiosonde, adjusts the working mode of the ground radar and the code rate of the radar detection waveform code, and controls the code rate of the response waveform of the airborne radiosonde by sending instructions to the airborne radiosonde; the ground radar controls the sleep duration of the airborne radiosonde by sending instructions to the airborne radiosonde; the airborne radiosonde controls the working state of the radiosonde according to the working timing, and respectively controls the functional modules of the receiving channel and the transmitting channel to work in a time-sharing manner according to the current working state. Compared with the prior art, the present invention reduces the power consumption of the radiosonde, which is beneficial to extending the working duration of the radiosonde.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of radar, and in particular to a method for realizing low power consumption of a secondary wind sounding radar. Background Art

[0002] A secondary wind sounding radar is a detection system that is used in cooperation with a radiosonde suspended on a sounding balloon to obtain meteorological parameters such as wind direction, wind speed, temperature, air pressure, and humidity at each level within the range from the ground to an altitude of 30 km.

[0003] The ground radar triggers the radiosonde to send back a response waveform containing a sounding code by sending a detection waveform containing command information. When the radiosonde is working, it obtains air pressure, humidity, and temperature information in real time through the carried sensors and forms a sounding code. The ground radar receives and processes these signals, decodes the sounding code to obtain air pressure, temperature, and humidity information; and determines the real-time position of the balloon through ranging and direction finding, and then obtains wind direction and wind speed information.

[0004] Since the radiosonde is suspended under the sounding balloon, its working power supply must be battery-powered. Usually, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries or lithium batteries are used. The limited battery capacity results in a limited working time of the radiosonde. Typically, the airborne detection time of the radiosonde is only about 1 hour. This results in fewer sampling samples of the detected meteorological data and affects the accuracy of meteorological prediction.

[0005] How to increase the airborne working time of the airborne radiosonde of the secondary wind sounding radar is the key to solving the problem. In the prior art, usually, the working time of the radiosonde is extended by increasing the battery capacity, but this method has great limitations. First, the space for increasing the battery capacity is very limited; second, as the battery capacity increases, the weight of the battery also increases significantly, thus increasing the load requirement for the sounding balloon and further increasing the cost. Therefore, in addition to the battery approach, how to reduce power consumption to extend the airborne working time of the radiosonde is a difficult problem that those skilled in the art need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the deficiencies existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for realizing low power consumption of a secondary wind sounding radar to extend the airborne working time of the radiosonde.

[0007] To achieve the above object, a method for realizing low power consumption of an airborne radiosonde of a secondary wind sounding radar disclosed by the present invention includes:

[0008] (S1) The ground radar calculates the receiving channel gain of the airborne radiosonde by measuring the distance between the ground radar and the airborne radiosonde, and controls the receiving channel gain of the airborne radiosonde by sending commands to the radiosonde;

[0009] (S2) The ground radar measures the distance to the radiosonde in the air, adjusts the working mode of the ground radar and the code rate of the radar detection waveform code, and controls the code rate of the response waveform of the radiosonde in the air by sending commands to the radiosonde in the air;

[0010] (S3) The ground radar controls the sleep duration of the radiosonde in the air by sending commands to the radiosonde in the air;

[0011] (S4) The radiosonde in the air controls the working state of the radiosonde according to the working time sequence, and respectively controls the time-sharing operation of each functional module of the receiving channel and the transmitting channel according to the current working state.

[0012] Preferably, the method for the ground radar to calculate the receiving channel gain of the radiosonde in the air by measuring the distance to the radiosonde in the air is as follows:

[0013] (A1) Calculate the received signal power of the radiosonde in the air

[0014]

[0015] In the above formula, is the signal power received by the radiosonde; is the transmitting power of the ground radar; is the antenna gain of the ground radar; is the antenna gain of the radiosonde; D is the distance between the ground radar and the radiosonde, in km; F is the carrier frequency of the detection waveform transmitted by the ground radar, in MHz;

[0016] (A2) Compare the received signal power of the radiosonde with the required received power

[0017] If then the amplification factor E of the receiving channel gain is:

[0018]

[0019] If then the attenuation factor E of the receiving channel is:

[0020]

[0021] Preferably, the method for the ground radar to control the code rate of the response waveform of the radiosonde in the air is as follows: The ground radar measures the distance to the radiosonde in the air, compares it with the distance threshold of the working mode, judges and selects the working mode of the ground radar, sets the code rate type of the detection waveform of the ground radar, and controls the code rate of the response waveform of the radiosonde in the air by sending commands to the radiosonde in the air.

[0022] Preferably, the ground radar calculates the duration of the radiosonde balloon being within the main lobe range of the ground radar antenna by measuring the moving speed, moving direction, and current position of the radiosonde balloon, obtains the dormancy duration of the radiosonde in the air, and transmits the dormancy duration parameter to the radiosonde in the air by sending an instruction to control the dormancy duration of the radiosonde in the air.

[0023] Preferably, the working timing sequence of the radiosonde in the air is: receiving + transmitting + standby + dormancy, and repeating in a cycle.

[0024] Preferably, the working modes of the ground radar include a short-range mode and a long-range mode: in the short-range mode, the ground radar selects a fast waveform for the detection waveform or reduces the duration of the radar transmission detection waveform; in the long-range mode, the ground radar selects a slow waveform for the detection waveform or increases the duration of the radar transmission detection waveform.

[0025] Preferably, the method for the radiosonde in the air to adjust the response waveform code rate is as follows: the radiosonde in the air receives the instruction sent by the ground radar, extracts the period parameter of the ground radar detection waveform, receives and stores the radar detection waveform transmitted by the ground radar according to the period parameter, loads the detection data to be transmitted onto the stored radar detection waveform by amplitude modulation or phase modulation to form a response waveform, and then forwards it to the ground radar through power amplification.

[0026] Preferably, when the working timing sequence of the radiosonde in the air is receiving, the unit detection and data storage function modules of its receiving channel work, and the modulation and forwarding function modules of its transmitting channel are turned off; when the working timing sequence of the radiosonde in the air is transmitting, the unit detection and data storage function modules of its receiving channel are turned off, and the modulation and forwarding function modules of its transmitting channel work; when the working timing sequence of the radiosonde in the air is standby and dormancy, both its transmitting channel and receiving channel are turned off.

[0027] The present invention has the following technical effects:

[0028] In the technical solution disclosed by the present invention, starting from the perspective of reducing the power consumption of the radiosonde, the airborne working time of the radiosonde is extended; the power consumption of the radiosonde is reduced from four aspects: the ground radar controls the receiving channel gain of the airborne radiosonde, adjusts the response waveform code rate of the radiosonde, controls the sleep duration of the radiosonde, and controls the time-division operation of each module of the receiving and transmitting channels in sequence, so as to achieve the purpose of extending the working duration. By controlling the receiving channel gain of the radiosonde and adjusting the channel gain according to the received instruction, the automatic gain processing process of the radiosonde is avoided, the hardware implementation complexity is reduced, and thus the power consumption requirement is reduced; by sending an instruction to control the radiosonde to adjust the response waveform code rate, it can flexibly adjust the code rate according to the working mode requirements. In the near-distance mode, by reducing the code rate or shortening the waveform duration, the duration of the radiosonde sending the response waveform is reduced, thereby reducing the power consumption; by sending an instruction to control the sleep duration of the radiosonde, on the premise of ensuring effective tracking by the ground radar, the sleep duration of the radiosonde is increased to further reduce the power consumption of the radiosonde; by reasonably dividing the working time sequence, the radiosonde controls the time-division operation of each functional module according to the working time sequence, so as to minimize the power consumption requirement of the radiosonde and extend the working duration. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the present invention greatly reduces the power consumption of the radiosonde, which is beneficial to extending the airborne working time of the radiosonde. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with embodiments; the examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0030] In the prior art, to increase the airborne working time of the airborne radiosonde of the secondary wind sounding radar, usually the working time of the radiosonde is extended by increasing the battery capacity, but this method has great limitations. On the one hand, this method is limited by the improvement space of the battery capacity. On the other hand, as the battery capacity increases, the weight of the battery also increases significantly, which puts higher requirements on the load of the sounding balloon and increases the cost.

[0031] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the inventor deeply studied the principle of the wind sounding radar system and innovated the signal processing method of the airborne radiosonde. On this basis, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for realizing low power consumption of the airborne radiosonde of the secondary wind sounding radar, that is, starting from the perspective of reducing the power consumption of the airborne radiosonde to extend the airborne working time of the airborne radiosonde. In this method, it includes:

[0032] (S1) The ground radar measures the distance from the ground radar to the airborne radiosonde, calculates the receiving channel gain of the airborne radiosonde, and controls the receiving channel gain of the airborne radiosonde by sending an instruction to the radiosonde;

[0033] (S2) The ground radar measures the distance to the radiosonde in the air, adjusts the working mode of the ground radar and the code speed of the radar detection waveform code, and controls the code speed of the response waveform of the radiosonde in the air by sending commands to the radiosonde in the air;

[0034] (S3) The ground radar controls the sleep duration of the radiosonde in the air by sending commands to the radiosonde in the air;

[0035] (S4) The radiosonde in the air controls the working state of the radiosonde according to the working timing, and respectively controls the functional modules of the receiving channel and the transmitting channel to work in a time-sharing manner according to the current working state.

[0036] In the prior art, the ground radar emits an "inquiry signal" to trigger the radiosonde to send back an "answer signal" containing the radiosonde code. Since the distance between the ground radar and the radiosonde in the air varies dynamically between 0 and 30 km, for the "inquiry signal" emitted by the ground radar, the power of the signal reaching the radiosonde in the air also varies greatly with the change of the distance. To adapt to this change, the radiosonde in the prior art usually has an automatic gain control module, which automatically adjusts the gain of the amplifier circuit with the intensity of the received signal. It is an automatic control module to amplify or attenuate the received signal so that the subsequent signal processing module can better complete the ground radar signal processing. The automatic gain control module is usually formed by a closed-loop circuit, including a gain-controlled amplifier circuit and a control voltage forming circuit. The signal power amplification and attenuation generated by the automatic gain control module consume a large amount of electric energy and shorten the working time of the radiosonde in the air.

[0037] In order to reduce the power consumption of the radiosonde in the air and extend its working time in the air, in the technical solution disclosed in the implementation of the present invention, the ground radar measures the distance to the radiosonde in the air, calculates the power of the ground radar detection signal reaching the radiosonde in the air, then compares it with the received power requirement of the radiosonde in the air, calculates the gain amplification factor or attenuation factor of the receiving channel of the radiosonde in the air, and then transmits the calculated gain amplification factor or attenuation factor to the radiosonde in the air by sending commands to the radiosonde in the air, so as to realize the gain control of the receiving channel of the radiosonde in the air, thus eliminating the automatic gain control module of the radiosonde in the air, saving power consumption and reducing the implementation complexity. Specifically,

[0038] The method for the ground radar to calculate the gain of the receiving channel of the radiosonde in the air by measuring the distance to the radiosonde in the air is as follows:

[0039] (A1) Calculate the received signal power of the radiosonde in the air

[0040]

[0041] In the above formula, is the signal power received by the radiosonde; is the transmitting power of the ground radar; is the gain of the ground radar antenna; is the gain of the radiosonde antenna; D is the distance between the ground radar and the radiosonde, in km; F is the carrier frequency of the detection waveform transmitted by the ground radar, in MHz;

[0042] (A2) Compare the signal power received by the radiosonde with the received power requirement

[0043] If then the amplification factor E of the received channel gain is:

[0044]

[0045] If then the attenuation factor E of the received channel is:

[0046]

[0047] In the prior art, the ground radar emits an "inquiry signal" to trigger the radiosonde to send back an "answer signal" containing the radiosonde code to complete the detection data transmission; during the meteorological data detection, the waveform code rate or waveform time length of the "inquiry signal" sent by the ground radar and the "answer signal" sent by the radiosonde always remain unchanged. This method is likely to cause waste of the radiosonde power consumption and shorten the working time.

[0048] To solve this problem and extend the airborne working time of the radiosonde, in the technical solution disclosed in the implementation of the present invention, the ground radar measures the distance from the airborne radiosonde, compares it with the working mode distance threshold, judges and selects the working mode of the ground radar, adjusts the working mode of the ground radar and the code rate of the radar detection waveform, and controls the code rate of the response waveform of the airborne radiosonde by sending an instruction to the airborne radiosonde. Typically, the working modes of the ground radar include the near-distance mode and the far-distance mode; in the near-distance mode, the ground radar detection waveform selects a fast waveform or reduces the time length of the radar transmitted detection waveform, and in the far-distance mode, the ground radar detection waveform selects a slow waveform or increases the time length of the radar transmitted detection waveform.

[0049] Furthermore, in the technical solution disclosed in the implementation of the present invention, in the long-range mode, due to the strong spatial attenuation of the signal power during the transmission of the radar detection waveform, the received signal-to-noise ratio of the radiosonde is low, and a higher processing gain is required. The code rate of the radar detection waveform is adjusted to: a slow waveform signal with 64 pulse widths of 56 μs and a pulse repetition period of 60 μs; or a long-time waveform signal with 32 pulse widths of 112 μs and a pulse repetition period of 120 μs. In the short-range mode, since the spatial attenuation of the signal power during the transmission of the radar detection waveform is low and the received signal-to-noise ratio of the radiosonde is high, a very high processing gain is not required. The ground radar transmission waveform can be adjusted to: a short-time waveform signal with 16 pulse widths of 56 μs and a pulse repetition period of 60 μs; or a fast waveform signal with 32 pulse widths of 28 μs and a pulse repetition period of 30 μs. After the code rate of the ground radar detection waveform is adjusted, by sending an instruction to the radiosonde to transmit the waveform parameters of the ground radar, the radiosonde is controlled to adjust the code rate of the response waveform accordingly. Specifically: the radiosonde extracts the period parameters of the ground radar detection waveform by receiving the instruction sent by the ground radar, receives and stores the radar detection waveform transmitted by the ground radar according to the period parameters, and loads the detection data to be transmitted onto the stored radar detection waveform by amplitude modulation or phase modulation to form a response waveform, and then forwards it to the ground radar through power amplification. In this way, the code rate of the response waveform of the radiosonde is matched with the code rate of the ground radar detection waveform and can be adjusted according to the short-range working mode or the long-range working mode, so as to reduce the transmission waveform time length of the response waveform of the radiosonde, shorten the working time of the receiving path and the transmitting path of the radiosonde, thereby reducing the system power consumption of the radiosonde to achieve the current goal of extending the working duration of the radiosonde.

[0050] In the prior art, a ground radar emits an "inquiry signal" to trigger a radiosonde to send back a "reply signal" containing a radiosonde code to complete the detection data transmission. During the process of the radiosonde detecting meteorological data in the air, the radiosonde is always in an active working state, which results in a relatively high power consumption of the radiosonde system. In fact, the hardware components of the radiosonde can be divided into a receiving part and a transmitting part. The receiving part and the transmitting part of the radiosonde do not need to work simultaneously, and they adopt time-sharing operation. Further, since the change of meteorological data is not time-sensitive data, the detection data does not need to work continuously in real time, and periodic sampling can meet the meteorological detection requirements. Based on the above analysis, in order to further reduce the power consumption of the radiosonde and extend its working time in the air, in the technical solution disclosed in the implementation of the present invention, the working timing of the airborne radiosonde is divided into: receiving + transmitting + standby + sleep, and it repeats cyclically; the airborne radiosonde controls the working state of the radiosonde according to the working timing, and respectively controls the functional modules of the receiving channel and the transmitting channel to work in a time-sharing manner according to the current working state. Further, when the working timing of the airborne radiosonde is receiving, the unit detection and data storage functional modules of its receiving channel work, and the modulation and forwarding functional modules of its transmitting channel are turned off; when the working timing of the airborne radiosonde is transmitting, the unit detection and data storage functional modules of its receiving channel are turned off, and the modulation and forwarding functional modules of its transmitting channel work; when the working timing of the airborne radiosonde is standby and sleep, both its transmitting channel and receiving channel are turned off. Typically, in the short-range working mode, its working timing is: receiving for 40 ms, transmitting for 40 ms, standby for 80 ms, and sleeping for 840 ms per second; in the long-range working mode, its working timing is: receiving for 40 ms, transmitting for 40 ms, standby for 920 ms, and sleeping for 0 ms per second.

[0051] Without timing management, the receiving channel and the transmitting channel of the radio frequency transceiver part of the airborne radiosonde are turned on simultaneously, and all the amplifiers in the channel are powered on to work, which will consume a large amount of electric energy; after adopting timing management, the receiving and transmitting of the communication module each account for half per second, and it is in the sleep state for most of the time. Therefore, the technical solution disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention can significantly reduce the power consumption of the airborne radiosonde by controlling the functional modules of the radiosonde to work in a time-sharing manner through the working timing, thereby extending the working time of the airborne radiosonde in the air, and the power consumption is reduced by more than half.

[0052] Further, in the technical solution disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention, in order to better maintain the effective tracking of the ground radar on the airborne radiosonde, the sleep time of the airborne radiosonde is controlled by the ground radar. Specifically,

[0053] The ground radar calculates the duration that the radiosonde is within the main lobe range of the ground radar antenna by measuring the movement speed, movement direction, and current position of the radiosonde balloon, obtains the sleep duration of the radiosonde, and then sends a command to the radiosonde in the air to transmit the sleep duration parameter to control the sleep duration of the radiosonde in the air. By using this method, it is possible to reasonably start the operation of each functional mode of the radiosonde in the air in sequence and ensure the effective tracking of the radiosonde in the air by the ground radar.

[0054] As can be seen from the above analysis, in the technical solution disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, starting from the perspective of reducing the power consumption of the radiosonde to extend the working time of the radiosonde in the air; respectively from the four aspects of the ground radar controlling the receiving channel gain of the radiosonde in the air, adjusting the code rate of the radiosonde response waveform, controlling the sleep duration of the radiosonde, and controlling the time-sharing operation of each module of the receiving and transmitting channels in sequence, the power consumption of the radiosonde is reduced to achieve the purpose of extending the working duration. By controlling the receiving channel gain of the radiosonde and adjusting the channel gain according to the received command, the automatic gain control function module is omitted, the hardware implementation complexity of the radiosonde is reduced, and the power consumption requirement is necessarily reduced; by sending a command to control the radiosonde to adjust the code rate of the response waveform, it can flexibly adjust the code rate according to the working mode requirements. In the near-distance mode, by reducing the code rate or shortening the waveform duration, the duration of the radiosonde sending the response waveform is reduced, thereby reducing the power consumption; by sending a command to control the sleep duration of the radiosonde, on the premise of ensuring the effective tracking of the ground radar, the sleep duration of the radiosonde is increased to further reduce the power consumption of the radiosonde; by reasonably dividing the working timing, the radiosonde controls the time-sharing operation of each functional module according to the working timing to minimize the power consumption requirement of the radiosonde and extend the working duration. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the present invention significantly reduces the power consumption of the radiosonde, which is beneficial to extending the working time of the radiosonde in the air.

[0055] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention; they are not intended to limit the present invention; any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for realizing low power consumption of a secondary wind sounding radar airborne sonde, characterized in that: include: (S1) the ground radar calculates the gain of the receiving channel of the airsonde by measuring the distance between the ground radar and the airsonde, and controls the gain of the receiving channel of the airsonde by sending instructions to the airsonde; (S2) the ground radar adjusts the ground radar working mode and the code rate of the radar detection waveform by measuring the distance between the ground radar and the airborne sonde, and controls the code rate of the airborne sonde response waveform by sending instructions to the airborne sonde; (S3) the ground radar controls the sleep time of the airsonde by sending instructions to the airsonde; (S4) The airborne sonde controls the working state of the sonde according to the working sequence, and controls the functional modules of the receiving channel and the transmitting channel to work in time according to the current working state.

2. The method for realizing low power consumption of secondary wind sounding radar airborne sonde according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method by which the ground radar calculates the gain of the airsonde receiving channel by measuring the distance between the ground radar and the airsonde is: (A1) Calculate the received signal power of the airborne radiosonde : In the above formula, is the signal power received by the radiosonde; is the transmitting power of the ground radar; is the ground radar antenna gain; is the radiosonde antenna gain; D is the distance between the ground radar and the radiosonde, in km; F is the carrier frequency of the detection waveform emitted by the ground radar, in MHz; (A2) Compare the received signal power of the radiosonde The radiosonde receiving power requirement : like Then the gain factor E of the receiving channel is: like Then the attenuation factor E of the receiving channel is:

3. The low power consumption implementation method of the secondary wind sounding radar airsonde according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method for ground radar to control the code rate of the response waveform of the airsonde is as follows: the ground radar measures the distance between itself and the airsonde and compares it with the working mode distance threshold, determines and selects the working mode of the ground radar, sets the code rate type of the ground radar detection waveform, and controls the code rate of the response waveform of the airsonde by sending instructions to the airsonde.

4. The method for realizing low power consumption of secondary wind sounding radar airborne sonde according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ground radar measures the speed, direction and current position of the sounding balloon, calculates the time the sounding balloon is within the main lobe of the ground radar antenna, and obtains the sleep time of the airsonde. The sleep time parameter is transmitted by sending instructions to the airsonde to control the sleep time of the airsonde.

5. The method for realizing low power consumption of secondary wind sounding radar airborne sonde according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working sequence of the airsonde is: receive + transmit + standby + sleep, and repeat in a cycle.

6. The method for realizing low power consumption of secondary wind sounding radar airborne sonde according to claim 3, characterized in that: The working modes of the ground radar include short-range mode and long-range mode: in the short-range mode, the ground radar detection waveform selects a fast waveform or reduces the duration of the radar transmission detection waveform; in the long-range mode, the ground radar detection waveform selects a slow waveform or increases the duration of the radar transmission detection waveform.

7. The method for realizing low power consumption of secondary wind sounding radar airborne sonde according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method for the airborne sonde to adjust the code rate of the reply waveform is as follows: the airborne sonde receives the instructions sent by the ground radar, extracts the periodic parameters of the ground radar detection waveform, receives the radar detection waveform emitted by the ground radar according to the periodic parameters and stores it, and uses amplitude modulation or phase modulation to load the detection data to be transmitted onto the stored radar detection waveform to form a reply waveform, which is then forwarded to the ground radar through power amplification.

8. The method for realizing low power consumption of secondary wind sounding radar airborne sonde according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the working sequence of the airsonde is receiving, the unit detection and data storage function modules of its receiving channel are working, and the modulation and forwarding function modules of its transmitting channel are turned off; when the working sequence of the airsonde is transmitting, the unit detection and data storage function modules of its receiving channel are turned off, and the modulation and forwarding function modules of its transmitting channel are working; when the working sequence of the airsonde is standby and sleep, both its transmitting channel and receiving channel are turned off.

Images