Tracheotomy tube extubation assessment system and tracheotomy tube extubation assessment method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tracheostomy tube extubation assessment system and a tracheostomy tube extubation assessment method, the system includes an upper airway patency assessment device for obtaining the upper airway pressure value of the patient; an upper airway patency assessment module for assessing the airway patency of the patient to obtain a first assessment result; a secretion management ability assessment module for assessing the secretion management ability of the patient based on respiratory parameters to obtain a second assessment result; an airway secretion clearance ability assessment module for assessing the airway secretion clearance ability of the patient based on cough parameters / clinical assessment results to obtain a third assessment result; an output module for obtaining and outputting a target assessment result based on the first assessment result / second assessment result / third assessment result. The present invention comprehensively assesses the patient's state to obtain a target assessment result, so that the target assessment result is more accurate, there is no need to block the tracheostomy tube, and the assessment process is safer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of medical assessment, and in particular to a tracheotomy tube extubation assessment system and a tracheotomy tube extubation assessment method. Background Art

[0002] Tracheotomy is a commonly used treatment method in the intensive care unit (ICU). It can protect the patient's throat, reduce breathing work, reduce sedation and analgesia rates, and shorten the time of weaning. However, the retention of tracheotomy tubes will have a negative impact on the patient's various physiological functions such as swallowing, secretion clearance and smell. It will also inhibit the production of speech and affect the patient's ability to communicate, thereby causing anxiety in patients and their families, which is not conducive to the patient's recovery. Based on this, it is necessary to successfully remove the tracheotomy tube from the patient so that critically ill patients can achieve final recovery. Among them, if the patient's tracheotomy tube is directly removed without sufficient evaluation, it may cause the patient's upper airway obstruction, respiratory failure, heart failure, etc., leading to worsening of the disease or even death. Therefore, it is an urgent problem to evaluate the removal of tracheotomy tubes in patients with tracheotomy to determine whether the tracheotomy tube can be removed from the patient.

[0003] In the prior art, a blocking test can be performed, that is, the tracheostomy tube is blocked for 24 hours to evaluate the patient's respiratory status. If the patient's respiratory status meets the requirements, it is determined that the patient can be extubated. However, the blocking test has limitations and is strict on patients. It may increase the possibility of dyspnea and extubation failure, especially for patients with poor cardiopulmonary function. Based on this, the evaluation method in the above prior art is risky and the evaluation results are not accurate. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present disclosure aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to some extent.

[0005] To this end, the first purpose of the present invention is to propose a tracheostomy tube extubation assessment system, which comprehensively assesses the patient's condition through an upper airway patency assessment device, an upper airway patency assessment module, a secretion management ability assessment module, an airway secretion clearance ability assessment module and an output module to obtain a target assessment result, so that the target assessment result is more accurate, there is no need to block the tracheostomy tube, and the assessment process is safer.

[0006] The second objective of the present disclosure is to provide a tracheostomy tube extubation assessment method, using the tracheostomy tube extubation assessment system described in the first aspect.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a tracheostomy tube extubation assessment system, the system comprising an upper airway patency assessment device, an upper airway patency assessment module, a secretion management ability assessment module, an airway secretion removal ability assessment module and an output module, wherein:

[0008] The upper airway patency assessment device is used to obtain the upper airway pressure value of the patient;

[0009] The upper airway patency assessment module is connected to the upper airway patency assessment device and is used to assess the airway patency of the patient based on the upper airway pressure value of the patient to obtain a first assessment result;

[0010] The secretion management ability assessment module is connected to the upper airway patency assessment module, and is used for obtaining the breathing parameters corresponding to the patient at different consecutive moments during the speech valve training process if the first assessment result is a passing assessment, and assessing the secretion management ability of the patient based on the breathing parameters to obtain a second assessment result;

[0011] The airway secretion clearance ability assessment module is connected to the secretion management ability assessment module, and is configured to obtain the cough parameter / clinical assessment result of the patient if the second assessment result is passed, and assess the airway secretion clearance ability of the patient based on the cough parameter / clinical assessment result to obtain a third assessment result;

[0012] The output module is connected to the upper airway patency assessment module, the secretion management ability assessment module and the airway secretion clearance ability assessment module, and is used to obtain and output a target assessment result based on the first assessment result / the second assessment result / the third assessment result.

[0013] Optionally, the upper airway patency assessment device comprises a tracheostomy cannula, a transfer tube, a voice check valve and an air pressure detector, wherein:

[0014] The tracheostomy tube comprises a tracheostomy tube body and an inner balloon, wherein the inner balloon is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the tracheostomy tube body and adjacent to one end of the tracheostomy tube body;

[0015] The transfer tube comprises a first port, a second port and a third port, wherein the first port is communicated with the other end of the tracheotomy tube body;

[0016] The speech one-way valve is installed at the second port, and the speech one-way valve only allows air to flow into the tracheotomy tube body in one direction;

[0017] The air pressure detector is communicated with the third port, and the air pressure detector is used to detect the pressure in the transfer tube.

[0018] Optionally, the evaluating the airway patency of the patient based on the upper airway pressure value of the patient to obtain a first evaluation result includes:

[0019] If the upper airway pressure value of the patient is less than or equal to a first threshold, the first assessment result is a passed assessment;

[0020] If the upper airway pressure value of the patient is greater than a first threshold, obtaining the endoscopic results or imaging examination results of the patient at different times within a first preset time period;

[0021] If the endoscopic results or imaging examination results include improvement after treatment, the upper airway pressure value of the patient is obtained again, and the above steps are repeated. If the assessment is not passed after reaching the first assessment number, the first assessment result is failure to pass the assessment.

[0022] Optionally, the acquiring of the breathing parameters corresponding to the patient at different consecutive moments during the speech valve training process, and evaluating the patient's secretion management ability based on the breathing parameters to obtain a second evaluation result, includes:

[0023] If the breathing parameters at any of the consecutive breathing parameters at different times do not meet the intolerance condition, the second evaluation result is passed;

[0024] If there is a moment in the breathing parameters at different consecutive moments that meets the intolerance condition, then after a second preset time period, the breathing parameters corresponding to the patient at different consecutive moments during the speech valve training process are re-obtained, and the above steps are repeated. If the second evaluation number is reached and the evaluation is still not passed, the second evaluation result is failure to pass the evaluation.

[0025] Optionally, the respiratory parameters include respiratory state parameters, cough state parameters, finger pulse oxygen saturation under oxygen inhalation state, blood gas pH value and arterial blood carbon dioxide partial pressure PaCO2 value; the intolerance conditions include:

[0026] The respiratory state parameter is a first respiratory state or a second respiratory state;

[0027] The cough state parameter is a first cough state or a second cough state;

[0028] The finger pulse oxygen saturation in the oxygen inhalation state is less than the second threshold value;

[0029] The blood gas pH is less than the third threshold or the PaCO2 value is greater than the fourth threshold.

[0030] Optionally, the cough parameter includes any one of the following:

[0031] Peak expiratory flow rate;

[0032] Active cough peak flow rate;

[0033] Peak cough flow rate under stimulation.

[0034] Optionally, the acquiring of the cough parameter / clinical evaluation result of the patient, and evaluating the airway secretion clearance ability of the patient based on the cough parameter / clinical evaluation result to obtain a third evaluation result, includes:

[0035] If the expiratory peak flow rate is greater than the fifth threshold, or the active cough peak flow rate / the stimulated cough peak flow rate is greater than the sixth threshold, the third evaluation result is passed; otherwise, the third evaluation result is failed;

[0036] If the clinical evaluation result is passed, the third evaluation result is passed; otherwise, the third evaluation result is failed.

[0037] Optionally, obtaining and outputting a target evaluation result based on the first evaluation result / the second evaluation result / the third evaluation result includes:

[0038] If the first evaluation result / the second evaluation result is that the evaluation fails, the target evaluation result is output as failing the evaluation;

[0039] If the third evaluation result is that the evaluation fails, the target evaluation result is output as failing the evaluation;

[0040] If the third evaluation result is passed, the target evaluation result is passed and output.

[0041] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the second embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a tracheostomy tube extubation assessment method, which uses the tracheostomy tube extubation assessment system described in the first aspect, and the tracheostomy tube extubation assessment system comprises an upper airway patency assessment device, an upper airway patency assessment module, a secretion management ability assessment module, an airway secretion removal ability assessment module and an output module; the tracheostomy tube extubation assessment method comprises:

[0042] Obtaining the patient's upper airway pressure value by means of the upper airway patency assessment device;

[0043] The upper airway patency assessment module assesses the airway patency of the patient based on the first airway pressure value of the patient to obtain a first assessment result;

[0044] If the first evaluation result is passed, obtaining the breathing parameters corresponding to the patient at different consecutive moments during the speech valve training process through the secretion management ability evaluation module, and evaluating the secretion management ability of the patient based on the breathing parameters to obtain a second evaluation result;

[0045] If the second assessment result is passed, the patient's cough parameter / clinical assessment result is obtained through the airway secretion clearance ability assessment module, and the patient's airway secretion clearance ability is evaluated based on the cough parameter / the clinical assessment result to obtain a third assessment result.

[0046] The output module obtains and outputs a target evaluation result based on the first evaluation result / the second evaluation result / the third evaluation result.

[0047] Another object of the present invention is to provide an electronic device, comprising:

[0048] at least one processor; and

[0049] a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0050] The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the methods described in the above two aspects.

[0051] Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium stores computer executable instructions; after the computer executable instructions are executed by a processor, the computer executes the methods described in the above two aspects.

[0052] In summary, the tracheostomy tube extubation assessment system and the tracheostomy tube extubation assessment method provided by the present invention, through the upper airway patency assessment device, the upper airway patency assessment module, the secretion management ability assessment module, the airway secretion clearance ability assessment module and the output module, comprehensively assess the patient's condition to obtain the target assessment result, so that the target assessment result is more accurate, there is no need to block the tracheostomy tube, and the assessment process is safer.

[0053] Additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description or learned through practice of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0055] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a tracheotomy tube removal assessment system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0056] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the connection of an upper airway patency assessment device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0057] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an upper airway patency assessment device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure when in use;

[0058] Figure 4 An exploded view of a tracheostomy tube, a switching tube, and a voice check valve of an upper airway patency assessment device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0059] Figure 5 A schematic flow chart of a tracheotomy tube removal assessment method provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present disclosure, and should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure.

[0061] The present disclosure is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0062] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tracheotomy tube removal assessment system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 As shown, the system includes an upper airway patency assessment device 101, an upper airway patency assessment module 102, a secretion management capability assessment module 103, an airway secretion removal capability assessment module 104 and an output module 105, wherein:

[0063] An upper airway patency assessment device 101 is used to obtain an upper airway pressure value of a patient;

[0064] The upper airway patency assessment module 102 and the upper airway patency assessment device are used to assess the airway patency of the patient based on the upper airway pressure value of the patient to obtain a first assessment result;

[0065] The secretion management ability assessment module 103 is connected to the upper airway patency assessment module, and is used to obtain the breathing parameters corresponding to the patient at different consecutive moments during the speech valve training process if the first assessment result is a passing assessment, and to assess the patient's secretion management ability based on the breathing parameters to obtain a second assessment result;

[0066] The airway secretion clearance ability assessment module 104 is connected to the secretion management ability assessment module, and is used to obtain the cough parameter / clinical assessment result of the patient if the second assessment result is passed, and assess the airway secretion clearance ability of the patient based on the cough parameter / clinical assessment result to obtain a third assessment result;

[0067] The output module 105 is connected to the upper airway patency assessment module, the secretion management capability assessment module and the airway secretion clearance capability assessment module, and is used to obtain and output a target assessment result based on the first assessment result / the second assessment result / the third assessment result.

[0068] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, Figures 2 to 4 Schematic diagram of an upper airway patency assessment device provided in a disclosed embodiment. Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the upper airway patency assessment device 101 includes a tracheostomy tube 1, a transfer tube 2, a voice one-way valve 3 and an air pressure detector 4.

[0069] Among them, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned tracheostomy tube 1 includes a tracheostomy tube body 11 and an inner air bag 12, the inner air bag 12 is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the tracheostomy tube body 11 and is arranged adjacent to one end of the tracheostomy tube body 11, the adapter tube 2 includes a first port 21, a second port 22 and a third port 23, the first port 21 is connected to the other end of the tracheostomy tube body 11, the voice one-way valve 3 is installed at the second port 22, the voice one-way valve 3 only allows air to flow into the tracheostomy tube body 11 in one direction, the air pressure detector 4 is connected to the third port 23, and the air pressure detector 4 is used to detect the pressure in the adapter tube 2.

[0070] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 2 As shown, the outer airbag 15 is connected to the inner airbag 12 through the connecting tube 13 , and the syringe can be connected to the outer airbag 15 to suck the gas in the inner airbag 12 .

[0071] It is understandable that when the tracheostomy tube 1 is implanted normally, the inner balloon 12 is filled with gas and is in an expanded state, and the inner balloon 12 can contact the patient's tracheal wall to support the tracheostomy tube body 11, thereby improving the stability of the tracheostomy tube 1 after implantation. When the patient needs to speak or the medical staff needs to assess whether the patient's upper airway is unobstructed, the gas in the inner balloon 12 can be discharged, and the speech one-way valve 3 can be worn so that the carbon dioxide produced by the lungs can be discharged from the upper airway.

[0072] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, when it is necessary to evaluate whether the patient's upper airway is unobstructed, the gas in the inner airbag 12 can be extracted. At this time, the patient can use the voice one-way valve 3 to inhale the outside air into the lungs. Since the voice one-way valve 3 is unidirectional for gas, the air exhaled by the patient is divided into two paths, one is discharged through the upper airway, and the other enters the air pressure detector 4 through the third port 23. When the patient's upper airway is not unobstructed, the gas discharge will be hindered, which will increase the upper airway pressure value detected by the air pressure detector 4. When the patient's upper airway is unobstructed, the gas can be discharged normally from the upper airway, and the upper airway pressure value detected by the air pressure detector 4 will be lower. Medical staff can judge whether the patient's upper airway is unobstructed by the detection value of the air pressure detector 4 to evaluate whether the patient meets the extubation requirements. Among them, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned upper airway patency assessment device can be used for adults and children, and this application does not limit this.

[0073] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned upper airway patency assessment device can detect and assess whether the patient's upper airway is unobstructed in a non-invasive manner. Compared with the invasive endoscopic solution, it can reduce the probability of causing damage to the patient's upper airway, alleviate the patient's pain, and has a better use effect.

[0074] Among them, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, after obtaining the patient's upper airway pressure value through the above-mentioned upper airway patency assessment device, the patient's airway patency can be assessed based on the upper airway pressure value through the upper airway patency assessment module to obtain a first assessment result.

[0075] Specifically, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the method for evaluating the airway patency of the patient based on the upper airway pressure value of the patient to obtain the first evaluation result may include the following steps:

[0076] Step a: If the upper airway pressure value of the patient is less than the first threshold value, the first evaluation result is passed;

[0077] Step b: if the upper airway pressure value of the patient is greater than or equal to the first threshold, obtaining the endoscopic results or imaging examination results of the patient at different times within the first preset time period;

[0078] Step c: if the endoscopic results or imaging examination results include improvement after treatment, the patient's upper airway pressure value is obtained again, and the above steps are repeated. If the first evaluation number is reached and the evaluation is still not passed, the first evaluation result is failure to pass the evaluation.

[0079] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first threshold value may be determined by experiments or manual experience. For example, the first threshold value may be 10 cmH2O (centimeter of water column).

[0080] And, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, if the patient's upper airway pressure value is greater than the first threshold, the patient's upper airway is considered to be obstructed, and an endoscopic or imaging examination is required. Among them, the causes of upper airway obstruction may include edema, granulation, stenosis, softening, vocal cord paralysis, and cartilage fracture. At this time, it is necessary to clarify the cause and give the patient specialist treatment. After treatment, the patient's endoscopic results or imaging examination results at different times within the first preset time period are input into the tracheostomy tube extubation evaluation system to re-evaluate the patient's upper airway patency. Among them, the first preset time period can be the treatment time, such as 14 days.

[0081] Further, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, if the endoscopic result or imaging examination result includes improvement after treatment, the upper airway pressure value of the patient is obtained again through the upper airway patency assessment device, and the above steps are repeated to perform upper airway patency assessment on the patient through the upper airway patency assessment module. If the patient fails to pass the assessment after reaching the first assessment number, the first assessment result is failure to pass the assessment. The first assessment number can be set as needed, for example, 3 times.

[0082] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, if the above-mentioned first assessment result is passing the assessment, the patient's secretion management ability assessment module can be used to perform secretion management ability assessment on the patient to obtain a second assessment result.

[0083] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the method of obtaining the breathing parameters corresponding to different consecutive moments of the patient during the speech valve training process and evaluating the patient's secretion management ability based on the breathing parameters to obtain the second evaluation result may include the following steps:

[0084] Step 1031: If any of the respiratory parameters at different consecutive moments do not meet the intolerance condition, the second evaluation result is passed.

[0085] Step 1032: If there is a moment in the breathing parameters at different consecutive moments that meets the intolerance condition, then after a second preset time period, the breathing parameters corresponding to the patient at different consecutive moments during the speech valve training process are re-obtained, and the above steps are repeated. If the second evaluation number is reached and the evaluation is still not passed, the second evaluation result is failure to pass the evaluation.

[0086] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the different consecutive moments may be half an hour, 1 hour, 2 hours, or 4 hours.

[0087] And, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned respiratory parameters may include respiratory state parameters, cough state parameters, finger pulse oxygen saturation under oxygen inhalation state, blood gas pH value and arterial blood carbon dioxide partial pressure PaCO2 value. Among them, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned intolerance conditions may include at least one of the following:

[0088] The respiratory state parameter is a first respiratory state or a second respiratory state;

[0089] The cough state parameter is a first cough state or a second cough state;

[0090] The finger pulse oxygen saturation in the oxygen inhalation state is less than the second threshold value;

[0091] The blood gas pH is less than the third threshold or the PaCO2 value is greater than the fourth threshold.

[0092] Among them, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first breathing state, the second breathing state, the first cough state, the second cough state, the second threshold, the third threshold and the fourth threshold can be set according to manual experience or experiments. For example, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first breathing state can be the occurrence of dyspnea, and the second breathing state can be aggravated dyspnea; the first cough state can be a severe cough, and the second cough state can be a continuous cough; the second threshold can be 90%; the third threshold can be 7.35; and the fourth threshold can be 60 mmHg (millimeters of mercury).

[0093] And, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, if there is a respiratory parameter at a moment in the above-mentioned respiratory parameters at different consecutive moments that meets any one or more of the intolerance conditions, then the patient's secretion management ability is considered to be poor. At this time, the patient can be treated by removing the nasogastric tube (reducing upper airway stimulation and compression to reduce secretion production) or injecting botulinum toxin, and after a second preset time period, the patient's respiratory parameters corresponding to different consecutive moments during the speech valve training process are re-obtained, and the above steps are repeated. If the second evaluation number is reached and the evaluation is not passed, the second evaluation result is failure to pass the evaluation. Among them, the above-mentioned second preset time period can be a treatment time, such as 3 days. And, the second evaluation number and the first evaluation number can be the same or different, for example, 3 times.

[0094] Further, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the method of obtaining the cough parameter / clinical evaluation result of the patient and evaluating the airway secretion clearance ability of the patient based on the cough parameter / clinical evaluation result to obtain the third evaluation result may include the following steps:

[0095] Step 1041: If the expiratory peak flow rate is greater than the fifth threshold, or the active cough peak flow rate / stimulated cough peak flow rate is greater than the sixth threshold, the third evaluation result is passed; otherwise, the third evaluation result is failed;

[0096] Step 1042: If the clinical evaluation result is passed, the third evaluation result is passed; otherwise, the third evaluation result is failed.

[0097] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the cough parameter may include any one of the following:

[0098] Peak expiratory flow rate;

[0099] Active cough peak flow rate;

[0100] Peak cough flow rate under stimulation.

[0101] Specifically, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, if the patient can cooperate with the pulmonary function test, the cough parameter of the patient is obtained as the peak expiratory flow (PEF); if the patient cannot cooperate with the pulmonary function test, the cough parameter of the patient is obtained as the cough expiratory flow (PCF), and for patients who can cooperate with coughing, the cough parameter of the patient is obtained as the voluntary PCF, and for patients who cannot cooperate with coughing, the cough parameter of the patient is obtained as the stimulated PCF; if the patient cannot cooperate with the above test, the clinical evaluation result of the patient can be obtained by whether the patient can cough sputum into the throat or mouth when wearing a voice valve. Among them, if the patient can cough sputum into the throat or mouth when wearing a voice valve, the clinical evaluation result is passed; otherwise, the clinical evaluation result is failed.

[0102] And, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the fifth threshold and the sixth threshold can be set through artificial experience or experiments, for example, the fifth threshold is 1.67 L / s (liters per second) and the sixth threshold is 100 L / min (liters per minute).

[0103] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, after obtaining the first evaluation result / the second evaluation result / the third evaluation result through the above steps, the target evaluation result can be obtained and output based on the first evaluation result / the second evaluation result / the third evaluation result through the output module.

[0104] Specifically, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the method for obtaining and outputting a target evaluation result based on the first evaluation result / the second evaluation result / the third evaluation result may include the following steps:

[0105] Step 1051: If the first evaluation result / the second evaluation result is not passed, the target evaluation result is not passed and is output;

[0106] Step 1052: If the third evaluation result is that the evaluation fails, the target evaluation result is output as failing the evaluation;

[0107] Step 1053: If the third evaluation result is passed, the target evaluation result is passed and output.

[0108] Among them, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, if the target evaluation result is that the evaluation has not been passed, it means that the patient cannot be extubated at this time, and the patient needs to have a tracheostomy tube in place for a long time; if the target evaluation result is that the evaluation has been passed, it means that the patient can be extubated at this time, and the tracheostomy tube is removed from the patient.

[0109] The tracheostomy tube extubation assessment system of the disclosed embodiment comprehensively assesses the patient's condition through an upper airway patency assessment device, an upper airway patency assessment module, a secretion management capability assessment module, an airway secretion clearance capability assessment module and an output module to obtain a target assessment result, thereby making the target assessment result more accurate, eliminating the need to seal the tracheostomy tube, and making the assessment process safer.

[0110] In order to implement the above embodiment, Figure 5 The present disclosure also provides a tracheostomy tube extubation assessment method, which uses the above-mentioned tracheostomy tube extubation assessment system, and the tracheostomy tube extubation assessment system includes an upper airway patency assessment device, an upper airway patency assessment module, a secretion management ability assessment module, an airway secretion removal ability assessment module and an output module; the tracheostomy tube extubation assessment method may include the following steps:

[0111] Step 501, obtaining the upper airway pressure value of the patient through an upper airway patency assessment device;

[0112] Step 502: The upper airway patency assessment module assesses the airway patency of the patient based on the first airway pressure value of the patient to obtain a first assessment result;

[0113] Step 503: If the first evaluation result is passed, the secretion management ability evaluation module obtains the patient's corresponding breathing parameters at different consecutive moments during the speech valve training process, and evaluates the patient's secretion management ability based on the breathing parameters to obtain a second evaluation result;

[0114] Step 504: If the second evaluation result is passed, the patient's cough parameter / clinical evaluation result is obtained through the airway secretion clearance ability evaluation module, and the patient's airway secretion clearance ability is evaluated based on the cough parameter / clinical evaluation result to obtain a third evaluation result.

[0115] Step 505: Obtain and output the target evaluation result based on the first evaluation result / the second evaluation result / the third evaluation result through the output module.

[0116] The tracheostomy tube extubation assessment method of the disclosed embodiment comprehensively assesses the patient's condition to obtain a target assessment result through an upper airway patency assessment device, an upper airway patency assessment module, a secretion management ability assessment module, an airway secretion clearance ability assessment module and an output module, thereby making the target assessment result more accurate, eliminating the need to seal the tracheostomy tube, and making the assessment process safer.

[0117] The collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision and disclosure of user personal information involved in this disclosure shall comply with the relevant laws and regulations and shall not violate public order and good morals.

[0118] It should be noted that personal information from users should be collected for legitimate and reasonable purposes and should not be shared or sold outside of these legitimate uses. In addition, such collection / sharing should be carried out after receiving the user's informed consent, including but not limited to notifying the user to read the user agreement / user notice and sign the agreement / authorization including authorization of relevant user information before the user uses the function. In addition, any necessary steps should be taken to protect and safeguard access to such personal information data and ensure that others who have access to personal information data comply with its privacy policy and procedures.

[0119] The present disclosure anticipates providing implementation schemes for users to selectively block the use or access of personal information data. That is, the present disclosure anticipates providing hardware and / or software to prevent or block access to such personal information data. Once the personal information data is no longer needed, risks can be minimized by limiting data collection and deleting the data. In addition, when applicable, such personal information is de-identified to protect the privacy of the user.

[0120] The acquisition, transmission, storage, use, and processing of data in the technical solution disclosed in this disclosure are in compliance with the relevant provisions of national laws and regulations.

[0121] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present disclosure, certain software, components, models and other existing solutions in the industry may be mentioned, which should be regarded as exemplary. Their purpose is only to illustrate the feasibility of implementing the technical solution of the present application, but it does not mean that the applicant has or will necessarily use the solution.

[0122] In the description of the aforementioned embodiments, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0123] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present disclosure, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0124] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, segment or portion of code that includes one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a custom logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure includes additional implementations in which functions may not be performed in the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by technicians in the technical field to which the embodiments of the present disclosure belong.

[0125] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute the instructions), or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purpose of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk box (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a fiber optic device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or otherwise processing in a suitable manner if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0126] It should be understood that the various parts of the present disclosure can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one of the following technologies known in the art or a combination thereof can be used to implement: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0127] A person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiment may be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0128] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present disclosure may be integrated into a processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0129] The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a disk or an optical disk, etc. Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations of the present disclosure. A person of ordinary skill in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A tracheostomy tube removal assessment system, characterized in that: The system includes an upper airway patency assessment device, an upper airway patency assessment module, a secretion management capability assessment module, an airway secretion clearance capability assessment module and an output module, wherein: The upper airway patency assessment device is used to obtain the upper airway pressure value of the patient; The upper airway patency assessment module is connected to the upper airway patency assessment device and is used to assess the airway patency of the patient based on the upper airway pressure value of the patient to obtain a first assessment result; The secretion management ability assessment module is connected to the upper airway patency assessment module, and is used for obtaining the breathing parameters corresponding to the patient at different consecutive moments during the speech valve training process if the first assessment result is a passing assessment, and assessing the secretion management ability of the patient based on the breathing parameters to obtain a second assessment result; The airway secretion clearance ability assessment module is connected to the secretion management ability assessment module, and is configured to obtain the cough parameter / clinical assessment result of the patient if the second assessment result is passed, and assess the airway secretion clearance ability of the patient based on the cough parameter / clinical assessment result to obtain a third assessment result; The output module is connected to the upper airway patency assessment module, the secretion management ability assessment module and the airway secretion clearance ability assessment module, and is used to obtain and output a target assessment result based on the first assessment result / the second assessment result / the third assessment result.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The upper airway patency assessment device comprises a tracheostomy tube, a transfer tube, a voice check valve and an air pressure detector, wherein: The tracheostomy tube comprises a tracheostomy tube body and an inner balloon, wherein the inner balloon is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the tracheostomy tube body and adjacent to one end of the tracheostomy tube body; The transfer tube comprises a first port, a second port and a third port, wherein the first port is connected to the other end of the tracheotomy tube body; The speech one-way valve is installed at the second port, and the speech one-way valve only allows air to flow into the tracheotomy tube body in one direction; The air pressure detector is communicated with the third port, and the air pressure detector is used to detect the pressure in the transfer tube.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of evaluating the airway patency of the patient based on the upper airway pressure value of the patient to obtain a first evaluation result includes: If the upper airway pressure value of the patient is less than or equal to a first threshold, the first assessment result is a passed assessment; If the upper airway pressure value of the patient is greater than a first threshold, obtaining the endoscopic results or imaging examination results of the patient at different times within a first preset time period; If the endoscopic results or imaging examination results include improvement after treatment, the upper airway pressure value of the patient is obtained again, and the above steps are repeated. If the assessment is not passed after reaching the first assessment number, the first assessment result is failure to pass the assessment.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of obtaining the breathing parameters corresponding to the patient at different consecutive moments during the speech valve training process, and evaluating the patient's secretion management ability based on the breathing parameters to obtain a second evaluation result includes: If the breathing parameters at any of the consecutive breathing parameters at different times do not meet the intolerance condition, the second evaluation result is passed; If there is a moment in the breathing parameters at different consecutive moments that meets the intolerance condition, then after a second preset time period, the breathing parameters corresponding to the patient at different consecutive moments during the speech valve training process are re-obtained, and the above steps are repeated. If the second evaluation number is reached and the evaluation is still not passed, the second evaluation result is failure to pass the evaluation.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The respiratory parameters include respiratory state parameters, cough state parameters, finger pulse oxygen saturation under oxygen inhalation state, blood gas pH value and arterial blood carbon dioxide partial pressure PaCO2 value; the intolerance conditions include: The respiratory state parameter is a first respiratory state or a second respiratory state; The cough state parameter is a first cough state or a second cough state; The finger pulse oxygen saturation in the oxygen inhalation state is less than the second threshold value; The blood gas pH is less than the third threshold or the PaCO2 value is greater than the fourth threshold.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The cough parameter includes any one of the following: Peak expiratory flow rate; Active cough peak flow rate; Peak cough flow rate under stimulation.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The obtaining of the cough parameter / clinical evaluation result of the patient, and evaluating the airway secretion clearance ability of the patient based on the cough parameter / clinical evaluation result to obtain a third evaluation result, includes: If the expiratory peak flow rate is greater than the fifth threshold, or the active cough peak flow rate / the stimulated cough peak flow rate is greater than the sixth threshold, the third evaluation result is passed; otherwise, the third evaluation result is failed; If the clinical evaluation result is passed, the third evaluation result is passed; otherwise, the third evaluation result is failed.

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The obtaining and outputting a target evaluation result based on the first evaluation result / the second evaluation result / the third evaluation result includes: If the first evaluation result / the second evaluation result is that the evaluation fails, the target evaluation result is output as failing the evaluation; If the third evaluation result is that the evaluation fails, the target evaluation result is output as failing the evaluation; If the third evaluation result is passed, the target evaluation result is passed and output.

9. A tracheostomy tube extubation assessment method, using the tracheostomy tube extubation assessment system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the tracheostomy tube extubation assessment system comprises an upper airway patency assessment device, an upper airway patency assessment module, a secretion management ability assessment module, an airway secretion clearance ability assessment module and an output module; The tracheotomy tube extubation assessment method comprises: Obtaining the patient's upper airway pressure value by means of the upper airway patency assessment device; The upper airway patency assessment module assesses the airway patency of the patient based on the first airway pressure value of the patient to obtain a first assessment result; If the first evaluation result is passed, obtaining the breathing parameters corresponding to the patient at different consecutive moments during the speech valve training process through the secretion management ability evaluation module, and evaluating the secretion management ability of the patient based on the breathing parameters to obtain a second evaluation result; If the second assessment result is passed, the patient's cough parameter / clinical assessment result is obtained through the airway secretion clearance ability assessment module, and the patient's airway secretion clearance ability is evaluated based on the cough parameter / the clinical assessment result to obtain a third assessment result. The output module obtains and outputs a target evaluation result based on the first evaluation result / the second evaluation result / the third evaluation result.

10. A computer storage medium, wherein: The computer storage medium stores computer executable instructions; after the computer executable instructions are executed by the processor, the method described in claim 9 can be implemented.

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