Refraction and hybrid lens for small bent telephoto camera

Abstract

A flexural digital camera for mobile devices such as smartphones includes a lens having N > = 4 lens elements, an effective focal length (EFL), and f number f / #, an optical path flexing element (OPFE), and an image sensor having a sensor diagonal length SD. Some of the lenses may be super lenses or include super lens elements. In some cameras, a lens is located on the object side of the OPFE, 8 mmlt; eFLlt, EFLlt; 50 mm, SD / EFLgt; 0.4, f / # lt; and 2.75%. In some cameras, M is greater than or equal to 1 of the lens elements, the lens elements are super-lens elements, and O is equal to N-M of the lens elements, the lens elements are refractive lenses, 8 mmlt; eFLlt, EFLlt; 40 mm, SD / EFLgt; and 0.3.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application is related to and claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 386,912 filed on December 11, 2022, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 476,406 filed on December 21, 2022, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 495,141 filed on April 10, 2023, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 543,309 filed on October 10, 2023, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Technical Field

[0003] The presently disclosed subject matter generally relates to the field of digital cameras.

[0004] definition

[0005] In this application, as well as with respect to the optical and other characteristics mentioned in the specification and drawings, the following symbols and abbreviations are used, which are all well-known terms in the art:

[0006] Total track length (TTL): The length of the lens element L measured along an axis parallel to the optical axis of the lens when the system is focused at infinite object distance. 1 The front surface S 1 The maximum distance between a point on the image sensor.

[0007] Back focal length (BFL): The distance from the last lens element L measured along an axis parallel to the optical axis of the lens when the system is focused to an infinite object distance. N The rear surface S 2N The minimum distance between a point on the image sensor.

[0008] Effective focal length (EFL): The focal length of a lens (lens element L 1 To L N The distance between the rear principal point P' and the rear focus F' of the lens in a component).

[0009] f-number (f / #): The ratio of the EFL of a lens to the diameter of the entrance pupil (or "aperture diameter" or "DA"). Background Art

[0010] Multi-aperture cameras (or "multi-cameras", e.g., a "dual camera" with two cameras) are standard in today's portable, handheld mobile devices ("mobile devices", e.g., smartphones, tablets, head-mounted devices, etc.). Multi-cameras are compact, i.e., they are relatively low in height (or thickness), width, and length, which facilitates their use in compact mobile devices. Multi-cameras typically include a wide field-of-view (or "angle") FOV W camera (a "Wide" camera or "W" camera), and at least one other camera, such as one having (compared to FOV W ) Narrower FOV (with FOV T Telephoto or telephoto camera (“Tele” camera)), or with an ultra-wide FOV UW (than FOV W wider, "UW" camera).

[0011] FIG1A schematically shows an example of a known bent telephoto camera 100. The camera 100 includes a lens 102, an optical path folding element (OPFE) 104 (e.g., a prism or a mirror), and an image sensor 106. The OPFE 104 bends a first optical path (“OP1”) 108 to a second optical path OP2 110. Light from a scene passes through the lens 102, reflects on the OPFE 104, and shines on the image sensor 106. Here and below, “height” (e.g., the height H of the lens 102) is referred to as “height”. L Or the height H of the image sensor 106 S , as shown) is measured along an axis parallel to OP1 108, and the "length" (e.g., the length L of lens 102 L , as shown in the figure) is measured along an axis parallel to OP2 110. The lens 102 includes a plurality of (N) lens elements (here: N=4), numbered L 1 -L N The lens 102 is located on the object side of the OPFE, has a lens optical axis ("OA") parallel to the OP1 108, a lens height (or lens thickness) H L And the lens length (or lens width) L L ΔLO indicates the distance between the lens 102 and the OPFE 104. OPFE The length of the OPFE 104 along the z-axis is indicated. The OPFE 104 may be at an angle of 45 degrees relative to OP1 and OP2, so the height H of the OPFE 104 is OPFE It can be concluded that H OPFE =L OPFEThe TTL and BFL of the camera 100 are respectively divided into TTL 1 and TTL 2 and BFL 1 and BFL 2 .TTL 1 and BFL 1 Parallel to OP1 108, TTL 2 and BFL 2 Parallel to OP2110. TTL = TTL 1 +TTL 2 and BFL = BFL 1 +BFL 2 The aperture of camera 100 is numbered 112 and has an aperture diameter ("DA"). For example, such a known bent telephoto camera is disclosed in PCT / IB2022 / 055745, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein. In all examples disclosed herein, the f / # of a camera (e.g., camera 100) is given by f / #=EFL / DA.

[0012] The length of a camera module (including a camera, such as camera 100) (“minimum module length” or “ML M ”) and its first height (“minimum module height” or “MH M ”) and its second height (“minimum shoulder height” or “MH S ” <MH M ) is the theoretical limit. M MH S and MH M The camera module 100 is defined by the smallest size of the components included in the camera 100. The camera module includes a housing 114. The housing 114 defines the size (or dimensions) of the camera module. The camera module has a height H M The module area is 116 and the height is H S <H M The shoulder area 118.

[0013] In order to estimate the theoretical limit of the minimum size of a camera module containing the optical lens system described herein, we introduce the following parameters and correlations. It should be noted that, in contrast to the "theoretical limit" defined above, the parameters such as "module length", "module height", and "shoulder height" define the size of the camera module defined by the housing (such as housing 114).

[0014] ML M and "module length" ("L M ”)

[0015] - Minimum module length ("ML M ”) is the theoretical limit of the length of a camera module that includes all components of camera 100.

[0016] -ML M =Z Lens -Z Sensor , Z Lens is the maximum z value of lens 102, Z Sensor is the minimum z value of the image sensor 106. In other words, measured along OP2 110, ML M represents the maximum distance from any part of lens 102 to any part of image sensor 106 .

[0017] In order to determine the camera module length (“L M ”) to perform actual estimation, for example, in ML M Add 3.5mm to the length, i.e. L M =ML M +3.5mm. The extra length accounts for lens travel that may be required for optical image stabilization (OIS), as well as image sensor packaging, housing, etc. In other examples, it could be +5mm, or +2.5mm, or even +2mm.

[0018] Minimum module region length MRL M

[0019] -MRL M The height is H M The theoretical module region length limit of the module region 116. MRL M Defined by the lens 102 contained in the module region 116, namely MRL M =L L .

[0020] Minimum shoulder length MRL S and shoulder length ("L S ”)

[0021] -MRL S is the height H S <H M The theoretical module region length limit of the shoulder region 118. MRL S Defined by image sensor 106 contained in shoulder region 118 .

[0022] -MRL S =ML M -MRL M .

[0023] - In general, for a given ML M , from an industrial design perspective, maximizing MRL S (Minimize MRL M ) may be beneficial as it can minimize BL ( Figure 1B ).

[0024] - In order to actually estimate L S, for example, in MRL S Add 2.5mm to the length, i.e. L S =MRL S + 2.5 mm. In other examples, it could be + 5 mm, or + 2 mm, or even + 1.5 mm.

[0025] MH M and "module height" ("H M ”)

[0026] -MH M is the theoretical limit of the module area 116 height.

[0027] -MH M is given by the difference between the lowest y value occupied by the image sensor 106 and the highest y value occupied by the lens 102. In other words, MH is measured along OP1 108. M represents the maximum distance from any part of lens 102 to any part of image sensor 106 .

[0028] - In order to actually estimate H M , for example, in MH M Add 1.5mm extra height, H M =MH M +1.5mm. The extra length accounts for housing, lens cover, etc. In other examples, it could be +3mm, or +1mm, or even +0.5mm. Minimum shoulder height ("MH S ”) and “shoulder height” (“H S ”)

[0029] -MH S is the theoretical limit of the height of the shoulder region 118. In some examples, MH S The height H of the image sensor 106 can be completely determined by Sensor OK, that is MH S =H Sensor .

[0030] The aspect ratio of the image sensor 106 may be 4:3, so the full sensor diagonal length (sensor diagonal, SD) is given by SD = 5 / 3·H Sensor Given.

[0031] -H S It is through MH S The extra height of 1.5 mm is added to estimate the S =MH S +1.5mm. The extra height takes into account the contact sensor 106 and the housing. In other examples, it could be +3mm, or +1mm, or even +0.5mm.

[0032] FIG1B schematically shows a cross-sectional view of a mobile device 120 (e.g., a smartphone) including a known bent telephoto camera 100. The aperture 112 of the camera 100 is located on a rear surface (or "world-facing" surface) 122 and points to the scene, and a front surface (or "user-facing" surface) 124 is opposite to the surface 122, and the front surface (or "user-facing" surface) 124 may include a screen (not shown). The mobile device 120 may include a processor, such as an application processor ("AP"). The processor may be used to process image data captured by a Wide camera, a Tele camera, and / or a UW camera included in the mobile device. The mobile device 120 has a regular area 126 (whose thickness ("T")) and a camera raised area 128, which is raised above the regular area 126 by a raised height B. The raised area 128 has a raised length ("BL") and a raised thickness T+B. As shown, the module area 116 can be integrated into the raised area 128, and the shoulder area 118 can be integrated into the regular area 126. For industrial design considerations, a small camera bump (i.e., a short BL) and a thin camera bump (i.e., a low B) are desired. The camera 100 is only partially integrated into the raised area, so the BL is relatively short. In general, for slim mobile devices, minimizing the MH M and MH S There are benefits. Especially minimizing MH M Makes sense because it minimizes B. For small cameras, minimizing ML M It is also beneficial. In particular, minimizing the MRL M Makes sense because it minimizes BL. Min is the theoretical minimum value of the height B of the camera protrusion area 128, and B Min =H M -T is given.

[0033] FIG1C schematically shows an example of a bent telephoto camera disclosed herein, which is numbered 130. The camera 130 includes a lens 132 having a plurality of (N) lens elements (here N=4), numbered L 1 -L 4 , where L 1Towards the object side. The camera 130 also includes an OPFE 134 and an image sensor 136, and the OPFE 134 can bend the first optical path OP1 138 to the second optical path OP2 140. As shown in the figure, the camera can be included in a housing 142. In the camera 130, OP1 138 is substantially parallel to the y-axis and the lens OA. OP2 140 is oriented perpendicular to the image sensor 136. OP2 140 makes an angle α with the z-axis, so OP2 140 is called "tilted OP". The angle β of OPFE 134 with the y-axis is greater than 45 degrees, and the angle 90-β with the z-axis is less than 45 degrees. As for the slope of OP 140, BFL 2 and TTL 2 There are components measured along the y-axis ("TTL2 y ”, “BFL2 y ”) and the component measured along the z-axis (“TTL2 z ”, “BFL2 z ”), so BFL 2 =sqrt(BFL2 y 2 +BFL2 z 2 ) and TTL 2 =sqrt(TTL2 y 2 +TTL2 z 2 ). As for the tilt OP, the sensor 136 makes an angle of 2x(β-45) with the y-axis.

[0034] The advantages of this camera with tilted OP are:

[0035] 1. Use a large image sensor, such as 1 / 2.5” or larger. Large image sensors are good for capturing a relatively large amount of light.

[0036] 2. Low f / #. A low f / # is good for capturing a relatively large amount of light and imaging it at a relatively high spatial (or pixel) resolution.

[0037] 3. Smaller module size, i.e. MH M and ML M Can be smaller than a camera with non-tilted OP (assuming the EFL, lens aperture and image sensor sizes of the cameras with tilted OP and non-tilted OP, respectively, are the same).

[0038] 1D schematically shows a cross-sectional view of another mobile device 150, with dimensions and components as described in FIGS. 1B and 1C , including a bent telephoto camera 130. The camera 130 is fully integrated into the camera bump area 128. The lens elements of the lens 132 may be carried by a lens barrel.

[0039] In other examples, as shown with respect to the bent telephoto camera 100, the housing of the bent telephoto camera, such as the bent telephoto camera 130, can have (or can be divided into) a housing having a module area height H M The module area and the shoulder area height H S <H M Such a telephoto camera may be included in a mobile device, as shown with respect to mobile device 120. That is, the shoulder area may be included in a regular area of ​​the mobile device, and the module area may be included in a camera bump area of ​​the mobile device.

[0040] The advantage of cameras 100 and 130 is that for a given H M (or a given bump thickness T+B), a relatively large aperture diameter ("DA") can be achieved, resulting in a relatively low f / #. This is because the optical power of lens 102 and lens 132 focuses light before it strikes OPFE 104 and OPFE 134, respectively. "Focusing" here means that a first circle perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens and including all light that forms an image on the image sensor (which is located on the object side of the lens) is larger than a second circle perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens and including all light that forms an image on the image sensor (which is located on the image side of the lens and the object side of the OPFE). The H of camera 100 and camera 130 M (and B) by H L The limitation is to reduce H M , we must reduce H L .

[0041] It is known that adding a conventional diffractive lens (CDL) to a "conventional" (or "refractive") lens can significantly reduce the lens height (e.g., H L). The same is true for the weight of the lens. A conventional lens here refers to a lens that includes multiple (N) refractive lens elements, all of which are made of glass and / or plastic. When one or more CDLs or diffractive lenses are introduced into a conventional lens, we call it a "hybrid" lens. For example, Canon describes the function of CDL in chromatic aberration correction of hybrid lenses in the article "Research on Multilayer Diffractive Optical Elements and Their Applications in Camera Lenses" (T. Nakai and H. Ogawa, Diffractive Optics and Micro-Optics, R. Magnusson ed., Volume 75 of the series of OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics (Optica Publishing Group, 2002), paper DMA2.). Plastic and glass lenses produce positive chromatic aberration, that is, the refraction of blue light is stronger than that of red light. In contrast, CDL exhibits negative chromatic aberration, that is, the refraction of red light is stronger than that of blue light. Combining these characteristics in a hybrid lens allows for efficient and detailed chromatic aberration correction, thereby reducing H L , while still supporting a given set of lens parameters, such as EFL, TTL, f / #, etc. As described above, in camera 100, the lower H L Can achieve lower H M , making the camera module slimmer. Recently, significant progress has been made in the field of metalenses ("ML"), as detailed in the article "Advantages of Metalenses over Diffractive Lenses" published by J. Engelberg and U. Levy in Nat Commun 11, 1991 (2020). ML is formed on the first surface by manufacturing a specific nanostructure on the first surface of the substrate. That is, the ML is only located on the first surface of the substrate. In ML, the phase is generated by the response of light to the nanostructure. The difference between ML and CDL is that its structure size is smaller. If it contains a subwavelength quasi-periodic structure, it is called a metalense; if it contains a super-wavelength quasi-periodic structure, it is called a CDL. ML has many characteristics of DOE, namely the characteristic of showing negative chromatic aberration. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that the H of a hybrid lens including a refractive plastic (and / or glass) lens and one or more additional MLs L , which may be significantly lower than the H of a conventional lens consisting only of a refractive lens L .

[0042] It is advantageous to have a thin conventional lens and a hybrid lens consisting of a plastic (and / or glass) lens and one or more MLs, which helps to achieve a thin mobile camera. Such a thin conventional lens and a hybrid lens are disclosed herein. Summary of the invention

[0043] In various exemplary embodiments, a camera is provided, comprising: a lens having a lens optical axis OA, N≥4 lens elements L i , an effective focal length EFL, an aperture diameter DA, an f-number f / #, a total lens length TTL, and a back focal length BFL, each lens element having its own focal length f i , a first lens element L 1 facing the object side, and a last lens element L N facing the image side; an image sensor having an overall sensor diagonal length SD; and an optical path bending element OPFE for providing a bent optical path between the object and the image sensor, wherein the camera is a folded digital camera, wherein the lens is on the object side of the OPFE, wherein EFL is in the range of 8 mm < EFL < 50 mm, wherein SD / EFL > 0.4, and wherein f / # < 2.75.

[0044] In some examples, f / # < 2.7. In some examples, f / # < 2.6. In some examples, f / # < 2.5.

[0045] In some examples, the OPFE is oriented at an angle β with respect to the lens OA, where 45 < β ≤ 65 degrees. In some examples, 45 < β ≤ 60 degrees. In some examples, 45 < β ≤ 55 degrees. In some examples, 46 < β ≤ 50 degrees.

[0046] In some examples, SD / EFL > 0.5.

[0047] In some examples, the camera is included in a camera module having a module height H M , wherein SD / H M > 0.7.

[0048] In some examples, the camera is included in a camera module having a module height H M , wherein SD / H M > 0.75.

[0049] In some examples, N = 4, and the power sequence of the lens elements L 1 -L 4 is positive-negative-positive-positive.

[0050] In some examples, each lens element L i has a lens element thickness T i and a minimum lens element radius (D / 2) i , and for each of L 2 , L 3 and L 4 , the ratio T i / (D / 2)i <0.25. In some examples, for L 2 and L 3 For each of i / (D / 2) i <0.2.

[0051] In some examples, the camera has an aperture stop located on the image side of the lens.

[0052] In some examples, the lens has a lens height H L , the closest gap G between all pairs of continuous lens elements is less than 0.2 mm, and all pairs of continuous lens elements satisfy the ratio G / H L <5%. In some examples, G / H L <2.5%.

[0053] In some examples, the maximum G is located at L 3 and L 4 between.

[0054] In some examples, the lens has a lens height H L , L 1 and L 3 The distance between L1-L3 ) satisfies d L1-L3 <0.75mm and meets the ratio d L1-L3 / H L <0.2. In some examples, d L1-L3 / H L <0.15.

[0055] In some examples, TTL / EFL<1.05.

[0056] In some examples, the lens has a lens height H measured along OP1. L , the ratio satisfies H L / TTL<0.4. In some examples, / TTL<0.35.

[0057] In some examples, BFL / TTL>0.5.

[0058] In some examples, S8 is the image side surface of L4, having a lens element surface diameter D 8 , and D 8 The ratio to DA satisfies DA / D 8 >1.3. In some examples, DA / D 8 >1.4.

[0059] In some examples, L 3 The front surface and L 3 The rear surface of each is concave toward the object side.

[0060] In some examples, the front surface of L 4 and the back surface of L 4 are both convex towards the object side.

[0061] In some examples, the front surface of L 3 and the back surface of L 3 both contain two inflection points.

[0062] In some examples, 5mm < DA < 8mm.

[0063] In some examples, 10mm < EFL < 20mm.

[0064] In some examples, 5mm < SD < 10mm.

[0065] In some examples, all lens elements are made of plastic.

[0066] In some examples, the camera is included in a camera module, which has a module height H M in the range of 7.5mm < H M < 15mm. In some examples, 9mm < H M < 12mm.

[0067] In some examples, the lens is a cut lens, which is cut along an axis parallel to the lens optical axis. In some examples, the lens is cut by 20% with respect to the axisymmetric lens diameter, and H M is reduced by more than 7.5% due to the cutting.

[0068] In various exemplary embodiments, a camera is provided, including: a lens having N ≥ 4 lens elements L i and having a lens height H L , an effective focal length EFL, and a total lens length TTL, each lens element having its own focal length f i , and the first lens element L 1 facing the object side, and the last lens element L N facing the image side; an image sensor having a full sensor diagonal length SD; and an optical path bending element OPFE for bending a first optical path OP1 to a second optical path OP2 perpendicular to OP1, wherein the camera is a bending camera, wherein the lens is located on the object side of the OPFE and has a lens optical axis parallel to OP1, wherein EFL is in the range of 8mm < EFL < 40mm, wherein M ≥ 1 lens elements are superlenses, O = N - M lens elements are refractive lenses, and wherein SD / EFL > 0.3.

[0069] In some examples, SD / EFL>0.35. In some examples, SD / EFL>0.4.

[0070] In some examples, H L / TTL<20%.

[0071] In some examples, M = 1, and a single metalens has a positive focal length f M , and f M / EFL>7.5. In some cases where M=1 and f M For the positive example, f M / EFL>15. In some cases where M=1 and f M For the positive example, f M / EFL>30. In some cases where M=1 and f M In the positive example, 7.5 <f M / EFL<100. In some cases where M=1 and f M In the positive example, 10 <f M / EFL<50.

[0072] In some examples where M=1, 100 mm <f M <1500mm. In some examples where M=1, 200mm <f M <1000mm.

[0073] In some examples where M=1, a single metalens element comprises L 2 In some examples where M=1, a single metalens element includes L 4 .

[0074] In some examples, M=2, and the two metalens elements are L 2 and L 4 , L 2 The focal length is f M1 , L 4 The focal length is f M2 , and f M1 and f M2 In some of these examples, 7.5 <f M1 / EFL and f M2 / EFL<100. In some of these examples, 10 <f M1 / EFL and f M2 / EFL<50. In some of these examples, f M1 and f M2 All at 100mm <f M1 ,f M2 <1500mm. In some of these examples, f M1 and f M2All are within the range of 200mm < f M1 , f M2 < 1000mm. In some examples, 0.25 < f M1 / f M2 < 1.

[0075] In some examples, all refractive lenses are plastic lenses.

[0076] In some examples, each of the M metalenses is located on the object side of the substrate, and the height H of the substrate Substrate satisfies 0.1mm < H Substrate < 1mm, and the substrate is made of glass.

[0077] In some examples, each of the M metalenses is located on the object side of the substrate, and the height H of the substrate Substrate satisfies 0.15mm < H Substrate < 0.75mm, and the substrate is made of glass.

[0078] In some examples, N = 4, and the power sequence of the lens elements L 1 -L 4 is positive - positive - negative - positive. In some examples, N = 4, and f 3 is negative, and its magnitude |f 3 | < EFL / 2.5. In some examples, N = 4, and f 3 is negative, and its magnitude |f 3 | < EFL / 5.

[0079] In some examples, f 1 is positive and f 1 < EFL / 2. In some examples, f 1 is positive and f 1 < EFL / 1.5.

[0080] In some examples, N = 4, and the power sequence of the lens elements L 1 -L 4 is positive - negative - negative - positive.

[0081] In some examples, N = 5, and the power sequence of the lens elements L 1 -L 5 is positive - positive - negative - positive - positive.

[0082] In some examples, 10mm < EFL < 30mm. In some examples, 12.5mm < EFL < 27.5mm.

[0083] In some examples, TTL / EFL < 1.05. In some examples, TTL / EFL < 1.0.

[0084] In some examples, BFL / TTL > 0.75. In some examples, BFL / TTL > 0.8.

[0085] In some examples, 4mm < SD < 15mm. In some examples, SD > 6mm. In some examples, SD > 9mm.

[0086] In some examples, 4mm < DA < 11mm, 2 < f / # < 6.5. In some examples, 6mm < DA < 9mm, 3 < f / # < 5.

[0087] In some examples, f / # < 4.0.

[0088] In some examples, OPFE is a mirror.

[0089] In some examples, the camera is included in a camera module, and the module height H M is in the range of 7.5mm < H M < 15mm. In some examples, 9mm < H M < 13.5mm.

[0090] In some examples, the camera is included in a camera module, and the camera module has a module length L M , L M < EFL.

[0091] In some examples, the lens and OPFE are included in the module area, and the image sensor is included in the shoulder area.

[0092] In some examples, the camera is included in a mobile device. In some examples, the mobile device is a smartphone.

[0093] In some examples, a mobile device including any of the above cameras is provided, the mobile device having a device thickness T and a camera protrusion height B, and the camera protrusion area having a raised height T + B, and the camera is completely included in the camera protrusion.

[0094] In some examples, the above camera is included in a camera module, the camera module having a first module area and a second shoulder area, the first module area having a module area height H M , the second shoulder area having a shoulder area height H S , where H M > H S . In some examples, DA > H S - 3mm. In some examples, DA > H S - 2mm. In some examples, DA > H S - 1mm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0095] With reference to the drawings listed after this paragraph, non-limiting examples of the embodiments disclosed herein will be described below. The drawings and description are intended to illustrate and clarify the examples disclosed herein and should not be considered to be limiting in any way.

[0096] FIG1A shows a known bent telephoto camera;

[0097] FIG. 1B schematically shows a known mobile device, which has an outer surface and includes the known bent telephoto camera shown in FIG. 1A ;

[0098] FIG1C shows another known bent telephoto camera;

[0099] FIG. 1D schematically shows another known mobile device, which has an outer surface and includes the known bent telephoto camera shown in FIG. 1C ;

[0100] Figure 2A An example of a bent telephoto camera refractive lens optical system disclosed herein is shown;

[0101] Figure 2B Another example of the bent telephoto camera refractive lens optical system disclosed herein is shown;

[0102] Figure 3 An example of a bent telephoto camera hybrid lens optical system disclosed herein is shown;

[0103] Figure 4 Another example of the bent telephoto camera hybrid lens optical system disclosed herein is shown;

[0104] Figure 5 Another example of the hybrid lens optical system of the bent telephoto camera disclosed herein is shown;

[0105] Figure 6 Another example of the hybrid lens optical system of the bent telephoto camera disclosed herein is shown;

[0106] Figure 7 Another example of the hybrid lens optical system of the bent telephoto camera disclosed herein is shown;

[0107] Figure 8 Yet another example of the bent telephoto camera hybrid lens optical system disclosed herein is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0108] In the following detailed description, many specific details are listed to facilitate a comprehensive understanding. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the subject matter currently disclosed may also be implemented without these specific details. In other cases, well-known methods and features will not be described in detail to avoid obscuring the subject matter currently disclosed.

[0109] All optical lens systems disclosed below can be used for (or integrated into) known curved cameras (e.g., curved camera 100 or curved camera 130), and the resulting cameras can be used in mobile devices (e.g., mobile device 120 or mobile device 150). It should be clarified that all examples of optical lens systems disclosed herein are advantageously applied to smartphones, tablet computers, etc. Table 1 lists the values ​​and dimensions of cameras and mobile devices including the optical lens systems disclosed herein. Table 1 uses the definitions and explanations given in Figures 1A-D.

[0110] - "N" represents the number of lens elements of the lens.

[0111] - "M" indicates the number of metalens elements of the lens.

[0112] - "ML position" indicates the position of the metalens included in the lens.

[0113] -"f M1 ” represents the focal length of the first super lens element included in the lens (unit: mm).

[0114] -"f M2 ” represents the focal length of the second super lens element included in the lens (unit: mm).

[0115] - "Type" indicates whether the optical lens system is a conventional lens (consisting only of glass and / or plastic lens elements) or a hybrid lens

[0116] head (comprising glass and / or plastic lens elements and additionally at least one superlens element).

[0117] - SD is the (full) sensor diagonal length of the image sensor (in mm).

[0118] - "35mm EqFL" indicates the 35mm equivalent focal length of the optical system.

[0119] - "DA" stands for the aperture diameter (in mm).

[0120] - (Diagonal) Field of View ("FOV") is measured in degrees.

[0121] -"H L ” represents the lens height (or thickness) defined in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1C (unit: mm). H L(200) is an indication

[0122] The (reference) lens height of Example 200. H L =TTL 1 -BFL 1 .

[0123] -MH M MH S ML M , H M , H S and L M The definition of is as above, the unit is mm.

[0124]

[0125]

[0126] Table 1

[0127] Figure 2A An example of an optical lens system disclosed herein is shown and numbered 200. Optical lens system 200 includes a conventional (or "refractive") lens, i.e., a lens that does not include a metalens. Optical lens system 200 includes lens 202 having a plurality (N) of lens elements (here N=4), numbered L 1 –L 4 , L 1 Towards the object side. The optical lens system 200 also includes an OPFE 204 (which bends the first OP 208 to the second OP 210), an image sensor 206, and an (optional) optical element 212 (e.g., an IR filter). In the optical lens system 200, the OP 208 is substantially parallel to the y-axis, and the OP 210 is substantially parallel to the z-axis. The lens optical axis of the lens 202 is oriented parallel to the OP 208. The OPFE 204 is at a 45 degree angle to both the y-axis and the z-axis. Here, the OPFE 204 is a mirror.

[0128] The lens 202 is located on the object side of the OPFE 204. The TTL and BFL of the camera 200 are oriented along two axes. 1 and BFL 1 Parallel to OP 208, the second part TTL 2 and BFL 2 They are parallel to OP 210. TTL and BFL are respectively composed of TTL=TTL 1 +TTL 2 and BFL = BFL 1 +BFL 2 It is concluded that TTL 2 =BFL 2The lens height H of lens 202 L from H L = TTL 1 - BFL 1 is given. Light passes through lens 202, is reflected by mirror 204, and forms an image on image sensor 206. FIG. 2 shows 3 fields, each field having 6 light rays. This also applies to all other optical lens systems disclosed herein.

[0129] It should be noted that the value of MH M depends on (i) the position (or orientation) of OPFE 204 relative to the y-axis and (ii) the amount of light entering camera 200. For (i), the position of OPFE 204 is changed by increasing or decreasing ΔLO. Here, ΔLO = 0.65 mm, so MH M = 11.2 mm. In other examples, ΔLO can be in the range of ΔLO = 0.05 mm - 2 mm, so MH M = 10.6 mm - 12.55 mm. Since TTL does not change, ML M will change accordingly. For (ii), the height of mirror 204 can be defined to include all on-axis light, i.e., mirror 204 can have a lower limit labeled "on-axis". In other examples, the height of mirror 204 can be defined to also include all off-axis light, i.e., mirror 204 can have a lower limit labeled "off-axis". In image sensor 206, SD = 10.2 mm. This is relatively large compared to commonly used image sensors (e.g., an image sensor with SD = 5.3 mm, a 1 / 3" image sensor). A large-sized image sensor is beneficial for achieving high image quality. For a given EFL and a given H M , all the optical lens systems disclosed herein employ a relatively large image sensor. That is, all the optical lens systems disclosed herein achieve a relatively large SD / EFL and SD / H M ratio, e.g., SD / EFL > 0.4, SD / H M > 0.75. In optical lens system 200, EFL = 23.5 mm. In optical lens system 250, EFL = 15.2 mm. In other examples, EFL can be in the range of 8 mm < EFL < 50 mm.

[0130] Lens 202 includes a plurality (N) of lens elements L i (where "i" is an integer between 1 and N). L 1 is the lens element closest to the object side, L NThe lens element closest to the image side (i.e., the side where the image sensor is located). This order applies to all lenses and lens elements disclosed in this article. The N lens elements are axially symmetric along the optical axis (lens axis) parallel to OP 208. Each lens element L i Including the respective front surface S 2i-1 (index "2i-1" is the number of the front surface) and the respective back surface S 2i (index "2i" is the number of the back surface), where "i" is an integer between 1 and N. This numbering convention is used in this specification. Alternatively, in the specification, the lens surface is marked as "S k ”, k is between 1 and 2N. The front surface and the back surface may be aspherical in some cases. However, this is not a limitation.

[0131] As used herein, the term "front surface" of each lens element refers to the surface of the lens element close to the camera entrance (the object side of the camera), and the term "back surface" refers to the surface of the lens element close to the image sensor (the image side of the camera).

[0132] Table 2–3 lists Figure 2A Detailed optical data and surface data of lens element examples in FIG. The numerical values ​​provided for these examples are for illustrative purposes only, and other numerical values ​​may be used according to other examples.

[0133] The surface types are defined in Table 2. The coefficients of the surfaces are defined in Table 3. The surface types are:

[0134] a) Plano: flat surface, no curvature

[0135] b) Q-Type 1 (QT1) surface depression formula:

[0136]

[0137] c) Even Asphere (ASP) surface concavity formula:

[0138]

[0139] where {z,r} are standard cylindrical polar coordinates, c is the quasi-axial curvature of the surface, k is the conic coefficient, and r norm Usually half of the surface's clear aperture, A n are the polynomial coefficients shown in the lens data sheet. The z axis is positive toward the image. The value of CA is expressed by the effective aperture radius, i.e. CA / 2. The reference wavelength is 555.0nm. Except for the refractive index ("Index") and Abbe#, all units are mm. Table 2 gives the L values ​​for each lens element.i Their focal lengths f i The FOV is expressed as the half field of view (HFOV). The definitions of surface type, z-axis, CA value, reference wavelength, unit, focal length, and HFOV apply to Tables 4–23.

[0140]

[0141] Table 2

[0142]

[0143] Table 3

[0144]

[0145] Table 3 (continued)

[0146] It is worth noting that, in this document, optical lens system 200 is shown as a "folded optical lens system", that is, optical lens system 200 shown includes OPFE 204 and two mutually perpendicular optical paths, namely OP 208 and OP 210. Hybrid lens systems 300, 400, 500, 600, 700 and 800 disclosed in this document are not shown as bent optical lens systems, that is, they do not show their respective OPFEs and do not show two mutually perpendicular optical paths. However, it is also necessary to point out that all hybrid optical lens systems disclosed in this document can be advantageously used as bent optical lens systems. The values ​​and dimensions of all hybrid optical lens systems disclosed in this document are derived with reference to optical lens system 200. For example, to estimate the H of optical lens systems 300, 400, 500, 600, 700 and 800, M , we assume that BFL 1 (relative to optical lens system 200) remains unchanged, so the lower H of optical lens systems 300, 400, 500, 600, 700 and 800 L Converted to lower H M , which is beneficial for slim mobile devices. Due to the unchanged TTL, the lower H of the optical lens system 300, 400, 500, 600, 700 and 800 L Based on the same amount converted to a larger ML M .

[0147] In some examples, lens 202 may be cut to obtain a cut lens based on lens 202. The cut lens may be achieved by cutting the width or length of the lens element of lens 202 by 10%-40%. The cutting of the width or length is performed along a direction parallel to the optical axis of the lens (i.e., parallel to the y-axis), so the width of lens 202 measured along the x-direction (“W L”) is less than the length of the lens 202 measured along the y direction (“L L ”), namely W L <L L . Cutting of lens 202 can significantly save MH M , which is beneficial to the design of slim mobile devices. For example, by cutting off 20% of the lens 202, H M and MH M A 10–20% reduction is possible.

[0148] The OPFE 204 forms an angle of 45 degrees with both the y-axis and the z-axis. In other examples, the OPFE 204 may form an inclination angle within a range of 45<β≤65 degrees with respect to the y-axis (ie, with respect to the OP 208).

[0149] Each L 2 , L 3 and L 4 The thickness of the lens element is relatively small, that is, for L 2 , L 3 and L 4 For each of T i Minimum lens element radius between two lens element surfaces (D / 2) i The ratio satisfies T i / (D / 2) i <0.3. For L 3 For the ratio, T i / (D / 2) i <0.25. T i is measured at the position of OP 208. L 4 The image side surface is S8. The diameter of S8 is D 8 Relatively small, D 8 The ratio to DA satisfies DA / D 8 =1.42. 2 It is a half-moon convex surface formed toward the object side, namely L 2 The front surface and L 2 The rear surface of the L is convex toward the object side. 1 Relatively thin, i.e. L 1 Thickness T 1 With lens height H L Satisfy the ratio T 1 / H L <0.3. Here, T 1 / H L =0.23. 1 , L 2 and L 2 , L 3 Here and below, if a pair of consecutive lens elements L i and Li+1 The closest gap (or distance) between the i "Meet, between the optical axis 208 and L i or L i+1 Between the diameter and radius, at a certain position along the z-axis, G i <0.2mm, then L i and L i+1 "Very close to each other." 1 =0.037mm(L 1 and L 2 ) is located on the optical axis 208, G 2 Not located on the optical axis 208 .

[0150] Figure 2B An example of an optical lens system disclosed herein is schematically shown, which is numbered 250. Optical lens system 250 includes a conventional (refractive) lens. Lens system 250 can be included in a bent camera with tilt OP, such as shown in Figures 1C-D. Lens system 250 includes lens 252, mirror 254, (optional) optical element 262 and image sensor 256. Lens 252 includes 4 lens elements, numbered L 1 –L 4 . The lens system 250 has a first optical path OP1 258 and a second optical path OP2 260. The optical lens axis of the lens 252 is parallel to OP1 258 and parallel to the y-axis. The direction of OP2 260 is perpendicular to the image sensor 256. The surface types are defined in Table 4. The surface thickness relative to the mirror is given with respect to OP1 258 and OP2 260 respectively. Table 5 lists the coefficients of the surface. The semi-diameter (D / 2) of the mirror 254 is defined by a circle that completely contains the mirror 254. The size of the mirror 254 is 5.0x5.1mm. The tilt angle β of the mirror 254 relative to the y-axis is 47.8 degrees. In other examples, the tilt angle β can range from 45<β≤65 degrees. In other examples, 46<β≤50 degrees. OP2 260 is not parallel to the z-axis, but makes an angle α with the z-axis. The MH of the optical lens system 250 S By 4.8mm H Sensor The figure also shows the mechanical height (“MH”) of the image sensor 256. Sensor ”).MH Sensor =7.0mm. ΔLO=0.58mm. TTL 1 =7.04mm, BFL 1 =2.73mm, TTL 2 =BFL 2 =8.29mm, so BFL = 11.02mm, TTL = 15.33mm. Lens element L1 -L 4 The power sequence is positive-negative-positive-positive. The entrance pupil (or aperture or "AS") is located at L 4 After that, it is the image side of the lens 252. 1 is positive, f 1 / EFL = 0.53. The f / # of the optical lens system 250 is relatively low, f / # = 2.4.

[0151] Each L 2 , L 3 and L 4 The thickness of the lens element is relatively small, that is, for L 2 , L 3 and L 4 For each of T i Minimum lens element radius between two lens element surfaces (D / 2) i The ratio satisfies T i / (D / 2) i <0.25. For L 2 and L 3 For each of the two, the ratio satisfies T i / (D / 2) i <0.2.

[0152] L 1 , L 2 and L 2 , L 3 and L 3 , L 4 Very close to each other. 3 =0.1mm(at L 3 and L 4 Between), G 3 is the maximum gap between any lens elements, i.e. G 1 <G 3 and G 2 <G 3 . G 3 Located on the optical axis 258. Ratio G 3 / H L =2.2%.

[0153] L 1 and L 3 The distance between L1-L3 ”) is relatively small, that is, d L1-L3 <0.75mm, ratio d L1-L3 / H L <0.2. Specifically, d L1-L3 =0.63mm,d L1-L3 / H L =0.14. In other words, L2 The distance expanded (or occupied) is relatively small. i , Small T i The small distance between the lens elements facilitates the realization of a slim camera.

[0154] L 4 The image side surface is S8. The diameter of S8 is D 8 Relatively small, D 8 The ratio of DA to DA satisfies DA / D 8 =1.42.

[0155] L 4 It is a half-moon convex surface formed toward the object side, namely L 4 The front surface and L 4 The rear surface of S5 and S6 (i.e. L 3 The two surfaces of the optical system are concave toward the object side, and each of them includes two deflection points.

[0156] In other examples, lens 252 may be cut to implement a cut lens based on lens 252 .

[0157]

[0158]

[0159] Table 4

[0160]

[0161] Table 5

[0162]

[0163]

[0164] Table 5 (continued)

[0165] Figure 3 Another example of an optical lens system disclosed herein is shown, which is numbered 300. Optical lens system 300 includes a hybrid lens 302, that is, a lens including at least one metalens element. Lens 302 includes a plurality of (N=4) lens elements, numbered L 1 –L 4. Optical lens system 300 also includes image sensor 306 and (optional) optical element 312, such as an IR filter. In other examples, optical lens system 300 may also include OPFE (not shown) that bends OP1 to OP2 (not shown). OP1 is substantially parallel to the y-axis and OP2 is substantially parallel to the z-axis. The lens optical axis of lens 302 is parallel to OP1. OPFE may be at a 45 degree angle to both the y-axis and the z-axis.

[0166] Here, L 2 is a super lens element. The super lens element is fabricated on top of (or is located on top of) the substrate. In other words, the super lens element is located on the front surface (object side) of the substrate. This applies to all of the following super lens elements. The substrate has a substrate height H Substrate Here, H Substrate =0.2 mm. In other examples, H Ssubstrate The range can be 0.05mm <H Substrate <1mm. The substrate is made of glass. This applies to all the following metalens elements.

[0167] Compared with the conventional lens 202 of the optical lens system 200, the H L The H of the hybrid lens 302 is significantly lower, even though the optical characteristics (EFL, SD, DA, etc.) of the corresponding cameras including the conventional lens 202 or the hybrid lens 302 are exactly the same. L Compared with conventional lens 202 H L This suggests that hybrid lenses are beneficial for use in slim mobile cameras.

[0168] L 4 At relatively short distances (“d L4 ”) L4 =0.53mm, ratio d L4 / H L =0.14. G 1 =0.032 mm, which is located at the optical axis 308. 2 Not located on the optical axis 308. 2 =0.25mm, so L 2 and L 3 are not very close to each other. This can be beneficial to use H Substrate >0.2mm thicker substrates without significantly increasing H L .

[0169] The surface types are defined in Table 6. Table 7 defines conventional lens elements (L 1 , L 3 , L 4) surface coefficients. Table 8 defines the super lens element (L 2 ) is the phase coefficient. The phase coefficient is given by the following polynomial expansion (here: coefficient A i ), which is the same as that used by Zemax's Binary Optic2 (M is the diffraction order, where M = 1):

[0170]

[0171]

[0172] Table 6

[0173]

[0174]

[0175] Table 7

[0176]

[0177] Table 7 (continued)

[0178]

[0179] Table 8

[0180]

[0181] Table 8 (continued)

[0182] Figure 4 Another example of an optical lens system disclosed herein is shown and is numbered 400. Optical lens system 400 includes a hybrid lens. 2 is a super lens element. The optical lens system 400 includes a plurality of (N) lens elements (N=4 in this case) (numbered L 1 –L 4 ) lens 402, image sensor 406, and (optional) optical element 412. In other examples, optical lens system 400 may also include OPFE (not shown) that bends OP1 to OP2 (not shown). The lens optical axis of lens 402 may be oriented parallel to OP1. OPFE is at a 45 degree angle to both the y-axis and the z-axis.

[0183] L 4 At relatively short distances (“d L4 ”) L4 =0.48mm, ratio d L4 / H L =0.12. 1 =0.02mm, located on the optical axis 408. G 2=0.17 mm, not located on the optical axis 408 .

[0184] The surface types are defined in Table 9. Conventional lens elements (L 1 , L 3 , L 4 ) surface coefficients. Table 11 defines the super lens element (L 2 ) is the phase coefficient of .

[0185]

[0186] Table 9

[0187]

[0188]

[0189] Table 10

[0190]

[0191] Table 10 (continued)

[0192]

[0193] Table 11

[0194]

[0195] Table 11 (continued)

[0196] Figure 5 Another example of an optical lens system disclosed herein is shown, which is numbered 500. Optical lens system 500 includes a hybrid lens. Here, L 4 is a super lens element. The optical lens system 500 includes a plurality of (N) lens elements (here N=4) (numbered L 1 -L 4 ) lens 502, image sensor 506, and (optional) optical element 512. Optical lens system 500 may also include OPFE (not shown) that bends OP1 to OP2 (not shown). The lens optical axis of lens 502 may be oriented parallel to OP1. OPFE is at a 45 degree angle to both the y-axis and the z-axis. 1 Relatively thin, T 1 / H L =0.25. 1 =0.02 mm, which is located on the optical axis 508. 3 =0.03 mm, which is located on the optical axis 508. 2 The front and rear surfaces of L are convex relative to the object side. 3The front and back surfaces of the lens element are concave relative to the object side. Table 12 defines the surface types. Table 13 defines the conventional lens element (L 1 , L 2 , L 3 Table 14 defines the coefficients of the surface of the super lens element (L 4 ) is the phase coefficient of .

[0197]

[0198] Table 12

[0199]

[0200]

[0201] Table 13

[0202]

[0203] Table 13 (continued)

[0204]

[0205] Table 14

[0206]

[0207] Table 14 (continued)

[0208] Figure 6 Another example of an optical lens system disclosed herein is shown, which is numbered 600. Optical lens system 600 includes a hybrid lens. Here, L 4 The optical lens system 600 includes a plurality of (N=4) lens elements (numbered L 1 –L 4 ) lens 602, image sensor 606 and (optional) optical element 612. The optical lens system 600 may also include an OPFE (not shown) that bends the first OP1 to the second OP2 (not shown). The lens optical axis 608 of the lens 602 is oriented parallel to OP1. The OPFE is at a 45 degree angle to both the y-axis and the z-axis.

[0209] G 1 =0.02 mm, which is located on the optical axis 608. 3 =0.02 mm, which is also located on the optical axis 608. 2 The front and rear surfaces of L are convex relative to the object side. 3 At relatively short distances (“d L3 ”) L3 =0.5mm, ratio d L3 / HL =0.12.

[0210] The surface types are defined in Table 15. Conventional lens elements (L 1 , L 2 , L 3 )'s surface coefficient.

[0211] The metalens element (L 4 ) is the phase coefficient of .

[0212]

[0213] Table 15

[0214]

[0215] Table 16

[0216]

[0217] Table 16 (continued)

[0218]

[0219] Table 17

[0220]

[0221] Table 17 (continued)

[0222] Figure 7 Another example of an optical lens system disclosed herein is shown, which is numbered 700. Optical lens system 700 includes a hybrid lens. Here, L 2 and L 4 is a super lens element. The optical lens system 700 includes a plurality of lens elements (N=5) (numbered L 1 –L 5 ) lens 702, image sensor 706 and (optional) optical element 712. The optical lens system 700 may also include an OPFE (not shown) that bends the first OP1 to the second OP2 (not shown). The lens optical axis of the lens 708 is oriented parallel to the first OP1. The OPFE is at a 45 degree angle to both the y-axis and the z-axis.

[0223] G 1 =0.04 mm, which is located on the optical axis 708. 4 =0.04mm(at L 4 and L 5 ), and is also located on the optical axis 708. 3 and L 4 The front and rear surfaces of G are both concave relative to the object side.2 Not located on the optical axis 708. 2 =0.42mm, so L 2 and L 3 Not very close to each other.

[0224] The surface types are defined in Table 18. Table 19 defines conventional lens elements (L 1 , L 2 , L 3 ) surface coefficients. Table 20 defines the super lens element (L 2 , L 4 ) is the phase coefficient of .

[0225]

[0226]

[0227] Table 18

[0228]

[0229] Table 19

[0230]

[0231] Table 19 (continued)

[0232]

[0233] Table 20

[0234]

[0235] Table 20 (continued)

[0236] Figure 8 Another example of an optical lens system disclosed herein is shown, which is numbered 800. Optical lens system 800 includes a hybrid lens. Here, L 2 is the super lens element. Substrate height H Ssubstrate =0.6mm. The optical lens system 800 includes a plurality of (N=4) lens elements (numbered L 1 –L 4 ) lens 802, image sensor 806 and (optional) optical element 812. The optical lens system 800 may also include an OPFE (not shown) that bends the first OP1 to the second OP2 (not shown). The lens optical axis 808 of the lens 802 may be oriented parallel to OP1. The OPFE is at a 45 degree angle to both the y-axis and the z-axis. 1 =0.02 mm, which is located on the optical axis 808. 4 At relatively short distances (“d L4”) L4 =0.49mm, ratio d L4 / H L =0.12.

[0237] The surface types are defined in Table 21. Conventional lens elements (L 1 , L 3 , L 4 )'s surface coefficient.

[0238] The metalens element (L 2 ) is the phase coefficient of .

[0239]

[0240]

[0241] Table 21

[0242]

[0243] Table 22

[0244]

[0245] Table 22 (continued)

[0246]

[0247]

[0248] Table 23

[0249]

[0250] Table 23 (continued)

[0251] In some examples, the conventional lens or hybrid lens, such as 202, 252, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, or 802, can be a cut lens known in the art. Referring to FIG. 1A and FIG. 1C, one or more lens elements can be cut along a direction parallel to the y-axis so that the lens length L of the cut lens element measured along the z-direction is L (“L L ”) is smaller than the lens width measured along the x-direction (“W L ”), i.e. L L <W L . Lens length L L It can cut about 20%–50%, i.e. L L Can be compared to W L The reduction of the lens can result in significant savings in H M, which facilitates the design of slim mobile devices. Cutting the lens by 20% can result in saving about 10–20% of the H M .

[0252] It will be appreciated that certain features of the disclosed subject matter, which for clarity are described in the context of separate examples, may also be provided in combination in a single example. Conversely, various features of the disclosed subject matter, which for brevity are described in the context of separate examples, may also be provided separately or in any suitable subcombination.

[0253] Unless otherwise stated, the use of the expression "and / or" between the last two options in a list of options to be selected means that one or more of the options in the list are appropriate and may be so selected.

[0254] It should be understood that when a claim or specification refers to an element, such reference is not to be construed as meaning there is only one of the element.

[0255] All patents and patent applications mentioned in this specification are fully incorporated into this specification by reference, and the degree of incorporation is equivalent to that each patent or patent application is specifically and individually incorporated into this specification by reference. In addition, citing or indicating any reference in this application should not be interpreted as admitting that the reference can be used as prior art of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A camera, characterized in that: Comprising: A lens having a lens optical axis OA, N ≥ 4 lens elements L i where 1≤i≤N, effective focal length EFL and f / #, where the first lens element L1 faces the object side and the last lens element L N Towards the image side; An image sensor having an overall sensor diagonal length SD; And An optical path bending element OPFE for providing a bent optical path between an object and the image sensor by bending light from a first optical path OP1 parallel to the OA to a second optical path OP2 perpendicular to the image sensor; Wherein the camera is a folded digital camera, wherein the lens is on the object side of the OPFE, wherein the EFL is in the range of 8 mm < EFL < 50 mm, wherein SD / EFL > 0.4, and wherein f / # < 2.

75.

2. The camera according to claim 1, wherein f / # < 2.

7.

3. The camera according to claim 1, wherein f / # < 2.

6.

4. The camera according to claim 1, wherein f / # < 2.

5.

5. The camera according to claim 1, wherein the OPFE is oriented at an angle β with respect to the lens OA, and wherein 45 < β ≤ 65 degrees.

6. The camera according to claim 5, wherein 45 < β ≤ 60 degrees.

7. The camera according to claim 5, wherein 45 < β ≤ 55 degrees.

8. The camera according to claim 5, wherein 46 < β ≤ 50 degrees.

9. The camera according to claim 1, wherein SD / EFL > 0.

5.

10. The camera according to claim 1, which is included in a camera module, the camera module having a module height H measured along OP1. M , where SD / H M >0.

7.

11. The camera according to claim 1, wherein the camera is included in a camera module, wherein the camera module has a module height H measured along OP1. M , where SD / H M >0.

75.

12. The camera according to claim 1, wherein N = 4, and wherein the power sequence of the lens elements L1–L4 is positive-negative-positive-positive.

13. The camera according to claim 1, wherein each lens element L i The lens element has a thickness T measured along OP1. i and the minimum lens element semi-diameter (D / 2) measured along an axis perpendicular to OP1 i , and where for each of L2, L3 and L4, the ratio T i / (D / 2) i <0.

25.

14. The camera according to claim 1, wherein each lens element L i The lens element has a thickness T measured along OP1. i and the minimum lens element semi-diameter (D / 2) measured along an axis perpendicular to OP1 i , and where for each of L2 and L3, the ratio T i / (D / 2) i <0.

2.

15. The camera according to claim 1, wherein the camera has a diaphragm located on the image side of the lens.

16. The camera of claim 1, wherein the lens has a lens height H measured along OP1. L , wherein the closest gap G between all pairs of consecutive lens elements is less than 0.2 mm, and wherein for all pairs of consecutive lens elements, the ratio G / H L <5%.

17. The camera according to claim 16, wherein G / H L <2.5%.

18. The camera according to claim 16, wherein the largest G is between L3 and L4.

19. The camera of claim 1, wherein the lens has a lens height H measured along OP1. L , where the distance between L1 and L3 (d L1-L3 ) satisfies d L1-L3 <0.75 mm, and where the ratio d L1-L3 / H L <0.

2.

20. The camera according to claim 19, wherein d L1-L3 / H L <0.

15.

21. The camera according to claim 1, the camera has a total lens length TTL, and wherein TTL / EFL < 1.

05.

22. The camera of claim 1, wherein the camera has a total lens length TTL, wherein the lens has a lens height H measured along OP1 L , and the ratio satisfies H L / TTL<0.

4.

23. The camera according to claim 22, wherein H L / TTL<0.

35.

24. The camera according to claim 1, wherein the camera has a total lens length TTL and a back focal length BFL, and wherein BFL / TTL > 0.

5.

25. The camera according to claim 1, the camera has an aperture diameter DA, where S8 is the image-side surface of L4 and has a lens element surface diameter D8, and wherein DA / D8 > 1.

3.

26. The camera according to claim 25, wherein DA / D8 > 1.

4.

27. The camera according to claim 1, wherein both the front surface and the back surface of L3 are concave toward the object side.

28. The camera according to claim 1, wherein both the front surface and the back surface of L4 are convex toward the object side.

29. The camera according to claim 1, wherein both the front surface and the back surface of L3 each include 2 deflection points.

30. The camera according to claim 1, wherein the camera has an aperture diameter DA in the range of 5 mm < DA < 8 mm.

31. The camera according to claim 1, wherein the EFL is in the range of 10 mm < EFL < 20 mm.

32. The camera according to claim 1, wherein the SD is in the range of 5 mm < SD < 10 mm.

33. The camera according to claim 1, wherein all lens elements are made of plastic.

34. The camera of claim 1, embodied in a camera module, the camera module having a module height H measured along OP1. M , and 7.5mm <H M <15mm.

35. The camera according to claim 34, wherein 9 mm <H M <12mm.

36. The camera according to claim 1, wherein the lens is a cut lens, which is cut along an axis parallel to the OA.

37. The camera of claim 36, comprised in a camera module, the camera module having a module height H measured along OP1. M , where the lens is cut 20% relative to the axisymmetric lens diameter, H M The reduction was >7.5% by the cleavage.

38. A mobile device, characterized in that: The mobile device includes the camera according to any one of claims 1–37, the mobile device having a device thickness T measured along OP1 and a camera protrusion height B, wherein the camera protrusion area has a raised height T + B measured along OP1, and wherein the camera is completely contained within the camera protrusion.

39. The camera according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein the camera is included in a camera module, wherein the camera module has a first module area and a second shoulder area, the first module area having a module area height H measured along OP1 M The second shoulder region has a shoulder region height H measured along OP1. S , where H M >H S .

40. The camera of claim 39, wherein the camera has an aperture diameter DA>H S -3mm.

41. The camera of claim 39, wherein the camera has an aperture diameter DA>H S -2mm.

42. The camera of claim 39, wherein the camera has an aperture diameter DA>H S -1mm.

43. A mobile device, characterized in that: The mobile device includes the camera according to claim 39, the mobile device having a device thickness T measured along OP1 and a camera protrusion height B, wherein the camera protrusion area has a raised height T + B measured along OP1, wherein the first module area is contained within the camera protrusion, and wherein the second shoulder area is not contained within the camera protrusion.

44. The camera according to any one of claims 1–37, wherein the camera is contained within a mobile device.

45. The camera according to claim 44, wherein the mobile device is a smartphone.

46. ​​A camera, characterized in that: Comprising: A lens having N ≥ 4 lens elements L i Where 1≤i≤N, effective focal length EFL and total lens length TTL, where the first lens element L1 faces the object side and the last lens element L N Towards the image side; An image sensor having an overall sensor diagonal length SD; And An optical path bending element OPFE for bending a first optical path OP1 to a second optical path OP2 perpendicular to OP1; Wherein the camera is a bent camera, wherein the lens is located on the object side of the OPFE, and the lens has a lens optical axis OA parallel to OP1 and a lens height H L , wherein the EFL is in the range of 8 mm < EFL < 40 mm, wherein M ≥ 1 of the N lens elements are meta-lens elements, O = N - M of the N lens elements are refractive lens elements, and wherein SD / EFL > 0.

3.

47. The camera according to claim 46, wherein SD / EFL > 0.

35.

48. The camera according to claim 46, wherein SD / EFL > 0.

4.

49. The camera of claim 46, embodied in a camera module, the camera module having a module height H measured along OP1. M , where SD / H M >0.

75.

50. The camera of claim 46, embodied in a camera module, the camera module having a module height H measured along OP1. M , where SD / H M >0.

85.

51. The camera according to claim 46, wherein H L / TTL<20%.

52. The camera of claim 46, wherein M=1, wherein the one metalens element has a positive focal length f M , and where f M / EFL>7.

5.

53. The camera of claim 46, wherein M=1, said one metalens element having a positive focal length f M , and where f M / EFL>15.

54. The camera of claim 46, wherein M=1, said one metalens element having a positive focal length f M , and where f M / EFL>30.

55. The camera of claim 46, wherein M=1, said one metalens element having a positive focal length f M , and 7.5 of them <f M / EFL<100.

56. The camera of claim 46, wherein M=1, said one metalens element having a positive focal length f M , and 10 of them <f M / EFL<50.

57. The camera of claim 46, wherein M=1, and wherein the focal length f of the one metalens element M At 100mm <f M <1500mm.

58. The camera of claim 46, wherein M=1, and wherein the focal length f of the one metalens element M At 200mm <f M <1000mm.

59. The camera according to claim 46, wherein M = 1, and wherein the one super lens element is L2.

60. The camera according to claim 46, wherein M = 1, and wherein the one super lens element is L4.

61. The camera of claim 46, wherein M=2, wherein the two metalens elements are L2 and L4, wherein L2 has a focal length f M1 , L4 has a focal length f M2 , and where f M1 and f M2 Both are positive.

62. The camera according to claim 61, wherein f M1 / EFL>7.5 and f M2 / EFL<100.

63. The camera according to claim 61, wherein f M1 / EFL>10 and f M2 / EFL<50.

64. The camera according to claim 61, wherein f M1 and f M2 All within 100mm <f M1 ,f M2 <1500mm.

65. The camera according to claim 61, wherein f M1 and f M2 Both at 200mm <f M1 ,f M2 <1000mm.

66. The camera according to claim 61, wherein 0.25 <f M1 / f M2 <1.

67. The camera according to claim 46, wherein all refractive lenses are plastic lenses.

68. The camera of claim 46, wherein each of the M metalens elements is located on the object side of the substrate, wherein the substrate height H measured along OP1 is Substrate Meet 0.1mm <H Substrate <1 mm, and wherein the substrate is made of glass.

69. The camera of claim 46, wherein each of the M metalens elements is located on the object side of the substrate, wherein the substrate height H measured along OP1 is Substrate Meet 0.15mm <H Substrate <0.75 mm, and wherein the substrate is made of glass.

70. The camera according to claim 46, wherein N = 4, and wherein the power sequence of lens elements L1–L4 is positive-positive-negative-positive.

71. The camera according to claim 46, wherein N = 4, wherein the focal length of lens element L3 is f3, and wherein f3 is negative, with its magnitude |f3| < EFL / 2.

5.

72. The camera according to claim 71, wherein |f3| < EFL / 5.

73. The camera according to claim 46, wherein the focal length of lens element L1 is f1, wherein f1 is positive, and wherein f1 < EFL / 2.

74. The camera according to claim 73, wherein f1 is positive, and wherein f1 < EFL / 1.

5.

75. The camera according to claim 46, wherein N = 4, and wherein the power sequence of lens elements L1–L4 is positive-negative-negative-positive.

76. The camera according to claim 46, wherein N = 5, and wherein the power sequence of lens elements L1–L5 is positive-positive-negative-positive-positive.

77. The camera according to claim 46, wherein 10 mm < EFL < 30 mm.

78. The camera according to claim 46, wherein 12.5 mm < EFL < 27.5 mm.

79. The camera according to claim 46, wherein TTL / EFL < 1.

05.

80. The camera according to claim 46, wherein TTL / EFL < 1.

0.

81. The camera according to claim 46, wherein the lens has a back focal length BFL, and wherein BFL / TTL > 0.

75.

82. The camera according to claim 81, wherein BFL / TTL > 0.

8.

83. The camera according to claim 46, wherein 4 mm < SD < 15 mm.

84. The camera according to claim 46, wherein SD > 6 mm.

85. The camera according to claim 46, wherein SD > 9 mm.

86. The camera according to claim 46, the lens has an aperture diameter DA, wherein the range of DA is 4 mm < DA < 11 mm, and wherein the range of f / # is 2 < f / # < 6.

5.

87. The camera according to claim 86, wherein the range of DA is 6 mm < DA < 9 mm, and wherein the range of f / # is 3 < f / # < 5.

88. The camera according to claim 46, wherein f / # < 4.

0.

89. The camera according to claim 46, wherein the OPFE is a mirror.

90. The camera of claim 46, wherein the camera is included in a camera module having a module height H measured along OP1. M , the range is 7.5mm <H M <15mm.

91. The camera according to claim 90, wherein 9mm <H M <13.5mm.

92. The camera of claim 46, wherein the camera is included in a camera module having a module length L measured along OP2. M , where L M <EFL。 93. The camera of claim 46, wherein the camera is included in a camera module, wherein the camera module has a module area and a shoulder area, the module area having a module area height H measured along OP1 M , the shoulder region has a shoulder region height H measured along OP1 S , and where H M >H S .

94. The camera according to claim 93, wherein the lens has an aperture diameter DA, wherein DA > HS - 3 mm.

95. The camera according to claim 93, wherein the lens has an aperture diameter DA, wherein DA > HS - 2 mm.

96. The camera according to claim 93, wherein the lens has an aperture diameter DA, wherein DA > HS - 1 mm.

97. The camera according to claim 93, wherein the lens and the OPFE are included in the module area, and wherein the image sensor is included in the shoulder area.

98. A mobile device, characterized in that: The mobile device includes the camera according to claim 93, wherein the mobile device has a device thickness T and a camera protrusion, wherein the protrusion area has a raised height T + B along OP1, wherein the first module area is included in the camera protrusion area, and the second shoulder area is not included in the camera protrusion.

99. The mobile device according to claim 98, wherein the mobile device is a smartphone.

Images