Emergency temporary drainage settlement method for preventing and treating water-bursting mud-sand-bursting water disasters

Abstract

The invention discloses an emergency temporary drainage sedimentation method for preventing and treating water-bursting mud-sand-bursting water disasters, which comprises the following steps: (1) taking a raw water sample of mud-sand-containing water when a working surface in a coal mine bursts water and mud sand, analyzing to obtain mud-sand content and response specific gravity, and preparing mud-sand water by using similar materials; (3) selecting control parameters to analyze the silt water under preset turbidity to obtain a mapping relation between the control parameters and the silt water; (4) carrying out classification and statistics on the influence of different physical materials on the mud-sand water to obtain a mapping relation between the physical materials and the mud-sand water; (5) carrying out classification and statistics on the influence of the materials with different concentrations on the mud-sand water to obtain a mapping relation between the materials with different concentrations and the mud-sand water; and (6) selecting the materials according to the mapping relation between the control parameters and the mud-sand water, the mapping relation between the physical materials and the mud-sand water and the mapping relation between the materials with different concentrations and the mud-sand water to obtain the compound flocculant of the polyaluminum chloride and the polyacrylamide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an emergency drainage and settlement method for preventing and controlling water disasters caused by flooding, mud and sand, and belongs to the technical field of safe mining of coal mines. Background Art

[0002] Coal has long been an important support for economic development. Its position in basic energy will not be shaken, and the development of coal resources will continue. However, the mining of coal resources will cause significant engineering and environmental effects, often leading to various geological and environmental disasters. Among them, the problem of water and mud intrusion in coal seam mining is the focus of prevention and control in western coal mining.

[0003] Water and mud burst events usually occur suddenly and are difficult to predict, which brings great uncertainty and high risks to the safe production of mines. The huge amount of groundwater and mud mixture that gushes out often quickly fills up the mining space in a short period of time, seriously affecting normal production operations and the safety of miners. At the beginning of mud and sand discharge, the large amount of gushing water and mud has a very strong impact force, which is not only easy to cause equipment damage and support failure, but may also cause more serious accidents such as mine collapse.

[0004] After the water and mud are stabilized, there will still be a series of problems: the stabilized mud and sand mixture has a high viscosity. This characteristic makes it difficult to flow and handle, and requires special equipment and technology to clean it. Mud and sand will be deposited in the working face and its surrounding areas, gradually forming a thick sediment layer. This deposition will occupy the working space and affect subsequent mining operations. High mud and sand content will block the drainage system, making drainage more difficult. The accumulated water and mud and sand mixture takes longer to clear. Mud and sand deposition will reduce the production efficiency of the working face. Miners need to spend extra time and energy to clean and deal with these deposits, delaying the normal mining progress.

[0005] The control and governance process is extremely difficult, and a series of emergency measures need to be taken, including rapid drainage, reinforcement of supports, and evacuation of personnel to minimize the impact and losses of the disaster. The gushing mixture has a high mud and sand content and strong fluidity, which can easily form siltation in the mine and block important passages, which greatly increases the difficulty and complexity of drainage and cleaning. In addition, mud and sand siltation may also affect the ventilation and exhaust systems of the mine, further increasing the safety hazards of the mine. Water and mud and sand burst incidents not only cause major interference to the production operations of the mine, but also bring huge safety hazards. Comprehensive and effective emergency response and preventive measures are required to ensure the safety of miners and the normal operation of the mine.

[0006] After a flood or mudslide event occurs, the mine will usually take a series of emergency measures to deal with the disaster. Traditional emergency measures include: pre-arranging drainage equipment to ensure that water can be quickly drained when a flood or mudslide occurs to reduce the impact of the disaster; strengthening the support and reinforcement of the support to ensure that the roof will not collapse immediately when a flood or mudslide occurs, thereby providing more time and safety guarantees; and coordinating with sand dams and silt removal ponds to clean up the mud and sand. However, when there is too much mud and sand gushing out, the silt removal pond will be filled up quickly. At the same time, due to limited manpower, there is a situation where the mud and sand fill up the silt removal pond and the workers cannot clean it up in time, which will endanger the equipment safety of the working face. Summary of the invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an emergency temporary drainage and sedimentation method for preventing and controlling water disasters caused by water bursts and mud and sand. The present application starts with the characteristics of the mud, sand and water mixture and adopts a physical method to design a specific material so that the mud and sand can settle quickly. The reason is that in the sand dam and the silt removal pool, the flow rate of the mud and sand is greatly reduced. Under the condition of only a small flow rate, the mud and sand are quickly settled through physical and chemical reactions, which can effectively reduce the impact of these mixtures on equipment and structures, thereby reducing the losses caused by disasters. The specific process includes putting the designed material into the silt removal pool after the water burst and mud and sand event occurs. This material has excellent sedimentation characteristics, which can quickly cause mud and sand particles to gather and sink, thereby separating the upper water and making the drainage work more efficient. It can effectively reduce the problems of mud and sand siltation and channel blockage in the mine, reduce the risk of equipment damage and support failure, and improve the speed and efficiency of post-disaster recovery work. In addition, this method can reduce the threat of water burst and mud and sand events to the safety of miners and the normal operation of mines, and provide an effective solution for emergency response in mines.

[0008] Preferably, the present invention provides an emergency drainage and sedimentation method for preventing and controlling flooding, mud and sand disasters, comprising:

[0009] (1) Take the raw water sample containing mud and sand when the working face in the coal mine bursts water and mud and sand;

[0010] (2) Analyze the raw water sample to obtain the mud and sand content and response specific gravity in the raw water;

[0011] Based on the mud and sand content and the corresponding specific gravity in the raw water, mud and sand water is obtained by using similar materials;

[0012] (3) Selecting control parameters to analyze muddy water under preset turbidity to obtain a mapping relationship between the control parameters and muddy water;

[0013] (4) Classify and count the effects of different physical materials on mud, sand and water, and obtain the mapping relationship between physical materials and mud, sand and water;

[0014] (5) Classify and count the effects of materials of different concentrations on muddy and sandy water, and obtain the mapping relationship between materials of different concentrations and muddy and sandy water;

[0015] (6) Based on the mapping relationship between control parameters and mud and sand water, the mapping relationship between physical materials and mud and sand water, and the mapping relationship between materials of different concentrations and mud and sand water, materials are selected to obtain a composite flocculant of polyaluminum chloride and polyacrylamide.

[0016] Preferably, the similar material in step (2) comprises river sand.

[0017] Preferably, the control parameters in step (3) include sedimentation time, sedimentation layer thickness, sedimentation rate and turbidity of the supernatant.

[0018] Preferably, the physical material in step (4) comprises a mixture of polyaluminium chloride and different coagulant aids.

[0019] Preferably, the physical material in step (4) comprises at least one mixture of polyaluminium chloride and polyacrylamide, polyaluminium chloride and water-absorbing resin, polyaluminium chloride and chitosan, polyaluminium chloride and sodium cellulose, and polyaluminium chloride and fly ash.

[0020] Preferably, 0.25 ml of 5% polyaluminum chloride is first added to at least one mixture of polyaluminum chloride and polyacrylamide, polyaluminum chloride and water-absorbing resin, polyaluminum chloride and chitosan, polyaluminum chloride and sodium cellulose, or polyaluminum chloride and fly ash, and then 0.00 ml, 0.20 ml, 0.40 ml, 0.60 ml, 0.80 ml and 1.00 ml of X-type coagulant are added in sequence.

[0021] Preferably, in step (4), the dosage of the compounded flocculant is changed to observe and analyze the relationship between the changes in various control parameters.

[0022] Preferably, the sedimentation rate is calculated using the following formula:

[0023]

[0024] Where: ν is the sedimentation rate of mud and sand particles; h is the raw water height; h1 is the thickness of the mud and sand sedimentation layer; t is the sedimentation time.

[0025] Preferably, the coagulant aids are 0.01% aqueous solutions.

[0026] Preferably, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of any one of the methods described in the first aspect when executing the program.

[0027] Preferably, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any one of the methods described in the first aspect.

[0028] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0029] This application starts with the characteristics of mud, sand and water mixtures and uses physical methods to design a specific material so that the mud and sand can settle quickly. The reason is that in the sand dam and the silt removal pool, the flow rate of the mud and sand is greatly reduced. The mud and sand can be quickly settled through physical and chemical reactions under the condition of only a small flow rate, which can effectively reduce the impact of these mixtures on equipment and structures, thereby reducing the losses caused by disasters. The specific process includes putting the designed material into the silt removal pool after the flood and mud incident occurs. This material has excellent sedimentation characteristics and can quickly cause the mud and sand particles to gather and sink, thereby separating the upper water and making the drainage work more efficient. It can effectively reduce the problems of mud and sand accumulation and channel blockage in the mine, reduce the risk of equipment damage and support failure, and improve the speed and efficiency of post-disaster recovery work. In addition, this method can reduce the threat of flood and mud incidents to the safety of miners and the normal operation of mines, and provide an effective solution for the emergency response of mines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 A flow chart of emergency drainage and settlement for flood and mud and sand disaster prevention in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 The PAC treatment effect diagram of 5% and 10% materials at different concentrations in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 The effect diagram of compounding material PAC and various coagulant aids in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a diagram of the sedimentation effect in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the test effects of the composite flocculant at different sand contents in some embodiments of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] See also Figure 1 The present application discloses an emergency drainage and sedimentation method for preventing and controlling flooding and mud and sand disasters, comprising:

[0038] (1) Take the raw water sample containing mud and sand when the working face in the coal mine bursts water and mud and sand;

[0039] (2) Analyze the raw water sample to obtain the mud and sand content and response specific gravity in the raw water;

[0040] Based on the mud and sand content and the corresponding specific gravity in the raw water, mud and sand water is obtained by using similar materials;

[0041] (3) Selecting control parameters to analyze muddy water under preset turbidity to obtain a mapping relationship between the control parameters and muddy water;

[0042] (4) Classify and count the effects of different physical materials on mud, sand and water, and obtain the mapping relationship between physical materials and mud, sand and water;

[0043] (5) Classify and count the effects of materials of different concentrations on muddy and sandy water, and obtain the mapping relationship between materials of different concentrations and muddy and sandy water;

[0044] (6) Based on the mapping relationship between control parameters and mud and sand water, the mapping relationship between physical materials and mud and sand water, and the mapping relationship between materials of different concentrations and mud and sand water, materials are selected to obtain a composite flocculant of polyaluminum chloride and polyacrylamide.

[0045] In an embodiment of the present application, the similar material in step (2) includes river sand.

[0046] In the embodiment of the present application, the control parameters in step (3) include sedimentation time, sedimentation layer thickness, sedimentation rate and turbidity of the supernatant.

[0047] In an embodiment of the present application, the physical material in step (4) includes a mixture of polyaluminium chloride and different coagulant aids.

[0048] In an embodiment of the present application, the physical material in step (4) includes at least one mixture of polyaluminum chloride and polyacrylamide, polyaluminum chloride and water-absorbing resin, polyaluminum chloride and chitosan, polyaluminum chloride and sodium cellulose, and polyaluminum chloride and fly ash.

[0049] In an embodiment of the present application, 0.25 ml of 5% polyaluminum chloride is first added to at least one mixture of polyaluminum chloride and polyacrylamide, polyaluminum chloride and water-absorbing resin, polyaluminum chloride and chitosan, polyaluminum chloride and sodium cellulose, or polyaluminum chloride and fly ash, and then 0.00 ml, 0.20 ml, 0.40 ml, 0.60 ml, 0.80 ml and 1.00 ml of X-type coagulant are added in sequence.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present application, in the step (4), the dosage of the composite flocculant is changed to observe and analyze the relationship between the changes in various control parameters.

[0051] In the examples of the present application, the sedimentation rate is calculated using the following formula:

[0052]

[0053] Where: ν is the sedimentation rate of mud and sand particles; h is the raw water height; h1 is the thickness of the mud and sand sedimentation layer; t is the sedimentation time.

[0054] In the examples of the present application, the coagulant aids are all 0.01% aqueous solutions.

[0055] In an embodiment of the present application, the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of any of the above methods when executing the program.

[0056] In an embodiment of the present application, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of any of the above methods are implemented.

[0057] Embodiment 2

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, the concentration of material PAC has an impact on the sedimentation effect. This experiment sets up two concentrations of material PAC, 5% and 10%. The test plan is as follows: prepare 5% and 10% material PAC solutions for use, take 5% material PAC and 10% material PAC solutions with different volume contents, observe the research phenomenon and record the data.

[0059] The turbidity removal rates of the two concentrations of PAC (polyaluminium chloride) solutions are both above 85%. When the dosage is small, the flocculant is not enough to flocculate all the mud and sand particles in the water, and some free particles remain in the water, resulting in a low turbidity removal rate and a low sedimentation rate; as the dosage gradually increases, the mud and sand particles are gradually almost completely adsorbed, forming larger flocs and achieving rapid sedimentation. When the dosage of two different concentrations of PAC is the same, the turbidity removal rate of 10% PAC is slightly higher than that of 5% PAC; the sedimentation rate of 10% PAC is lower than that of 5% PAC. The 5% concentration of PAC dissolves more fully, and better plays the role of adsorption bridging and net capture and sweeping with mud and sand particles, resulting in a better sedimentation effect. When the dosage is further increased, the removal rate remains almost unchanged, and the sedimentation rate tends to be stable, but the thickness of the sedimentation layer changes significantly.

[0060] The sedimentation effect of mud and sand under a single flocculant is limited. The material PAC is compounded with different coagulants to explore which compound flocculant has a higher sedimentation effect.

[0061] like Figure 3 As shown, 5% concentration of PAC was used as the experimental flocculant. The study was divided into five groups: PAC + polyacrylamide (PAM), PAC + absorbent resin (SAP), PAC + chitosan, PAC + sodium cellulose, PAC + fly ash. The dosage of PAC material was the optimal dosage, and the coagulant aids were all 0.01% aqueous solution. First, 0.25 ml of 5% material PAC was added to the five groups of samples, and then different types of coagulants were gradually added in turn. The sedimentation time, sedimentation layer thickness, supernatant turbidity and sedimentation rate changes of each sample were recorded and analyzed.

[0062] After adding five different coagulants, polyacrylamide (PAM), polymer absorbent resin (SAP), chitosan, fly ash and sodium cellulose, and different dosages, the turbidity removal rate of the supernatant was above 95%; the sedimentation rate showed different characteristics. When PAC was used in combination with absorbent resin (SAP), chitosan and sodium cellulose, the sedimentation rate did not change with the increase or decrease of the dosage and the sedimentation rate was small; PAC was used in combination with polyacrylamide (PAM) and fly ash, and the sedimentation rate increased and tended to be stable with the increase of the dosage of coagulant. The reason is that the coagulant absorbent resin (SAP), chitosan and sodium cellulose combined with PAC has basically no effect on the sedimentation rate of mud and sand, while polyacrylamide (PAM) plays the role of organic macromolecular chain adsorption, the particulate matter in the water is adsorbed, and the polymer chains overlap each other, and finally form flocs for sedimentation. Fly ash also has a certain adsorption capacity due to its large specific surface area, which makes the mud and sand particles aggregate into agglomerates and settle due to increased gravity. The combination of polyaluminium chloride (PAC) and polyacrylamide (PAM) has a better sedimentation effect. The combination of PAC and PAM has a better sedimentation effect. Understand at what ratio PAC+PAM has a higher sedimentation rate and determine its optimal ratio.

[0063] like Figure 5As shown in the figure, the design scheme of the optimal ratio test of PAC+PAM is as follows: first keep the PAC dosage unchanged, and add 0.0, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, and 1.5 ml of PAM in sequence; then increase the PAC dosage in sequence: 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 ml, observe and record the test phenomena, and analyze the data. The turbidity removal rate of each dosage combination is above 90%, and the sedimentation rate has obvious differences. When the PAC dosage is 1.0 ml and the PAM dosage is 1.0 ml and 1.25 ml, the sedimentation rate reaches 106.5 mm / s, which shows that sedimentation occurs during the stirring process. This is because as the polymer chains in the solution increase, one chain and multiple particles undergo adsorption and bridging flocculation, so that the mud and sand particles are fully in contact with the polymer chains to form larger flocs for sedimentation. It was found that the best flocculation effect occurred when 1.0 ml PAC + 1.0 ml PAM was added to 1000 ml water containing 8 grams of mud and sand.

[0064] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0065] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the invention after considering the specification and practicing the invention invented herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not invented by the present invention. The specification and examples are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the invention are indicated by the claims.

[0066] The above specific implementation methods further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application in detail. It should be understood that the above are only specific implementation methods of the present application and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made on the basis of the technical solutions of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An emergency drainage and sedimentation method for preventing and controlling flooding, mud and sand disasters, characterized in that: include: (1) Take the raw water sample containing mud and sand when the working face in the coal mine bursts water and mud and sand; (2) Analyze the raw water sample to obtain the mud and sand content and response specific gravity in the raw water; Based on the mud and sand content and the corresponding specific gravity in the raw water, mud and sand water is obtained by using similar materials; (3) Select control parameters to analyze muddy water under preset turbidity and obtain the mapping relationship between control parameters and muddy water; (4) Classify and count the effects of different physical materials on mud, sand and water, and obtain the mapping relationship between physical materials and mud, sand and water; (5) Classify and count the effects of materials of different concentrations on muddy and sandy water, and obtain the mapping relationship between materials of different concentrations and muddy and sandy water; (6) Based on the mapping relationship between control parameters and mud and sand water, the mapping relationship between physical materials and mud and sand water, and the mapping relationship between materials of different concentrations and mud and sand water, materials are selected to obtain a composite flocculant of polyaluminum chloride + polyacrylamide.

2. The method for emergency drainage and sedimentation for preventing and controlling flooding and mud and sand disasters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The similar material in step (2) includes river sand.

3. The method for emergency drainage and sedimentation for preventing and controlling flooding and mud and sand disasters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control parameters in step (3) include sedimentation time, sedimentation layer thickness, sedimentation rate and turbidity of the supernatant.

4. The method for emergency drainage and sedimentation for preventing and controlling flooding and mud and sand disasters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The physical material in step (4) includes a mixture of polyaluminium chloride and different coagulant aids.

5. The method for emergency drainage and sedimentation for preventing and controlling flooding and mud and sand disasters according to claim 4, characterized in that: The physical material in step (4) includes at least one mixture of polyaluminium chloride and polyacrylamide, polyaluminium chloride and water-absorbing resin, polyaluminium chloride and chitosan, polyaluminium chloride and sodium cellulose, and polyaluminium chloride and fly ash.

6. The method for emergency drainage and sedimentation for preventing and controlling flooding and mud and sand disasters according to claim 5, characterized in that: To at least one mixture of polyaluminium chloride and polyacrylamide, polyaluminium chloride and absorbent resin, polyaluminium chloride and chitosan, polyaluminium chloride and sodium cellulose, or polyaluminium chloride and fly ash, 0.25 ml of 5% polyaluminium chloride is first added, and then 0.00 ml, 0.20 ml, 0.40 ml, 0.60 ml, 0.80 ml and 1.00 ml of type X coagulant aid are added in sequence.

7. The method for emergency drainage and sedimentation for preventing and controlling flooding and mud and sand disasters according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (4), the dosage of the composite flocculant is changed to observe and analyze the relationship between the changes in various control parameters.

8. The method for emergency drainage and sedimentation for preventing and controlling flooding and mud and sand disasters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sedimentation rate was calculated using the following formula: ， Where: v is the sedimentation rate of mud and sand particles; h is the raw water height; h 1 is the thickness of the mud and sand sediment layer; t is the settling time.

9. The method for emergency drainage and sedimentation for preventing and controlling flooding and mud and sand disasters according to claim 4, characterized in that: The coagulant aids are all 0.01% aqueous solution.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 are implemented.

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