A full-automatic hole bottom plugging device for through-hole blast hole and a plugging method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of through-hole blast hole bottom full-automatic blocking device and blocking method, the blocking device includes shell, trigger structure, force structure, action structure;The upper portion of shell is provided with notch, and the inboard is provided with fixed block;Force structure includes bolt, force bar, spring, positioning column, suspension rod, bolt is fixed below force bar, force bar is supported by spring being arranged on positioning column, positioning column is fixed in the inboard of shell, and suspension rod is hung on force bar;Trigger structure includes trigger ring, sector, trigger elbow, trigger elbow is fixed with sector bottom, trigger ring is naturally sleeved on trigger elbow, and suspension rod is connected with trigger ring;Action structure includes sleeve ring, connecting rod, steel cone, torsion spring and pivot, steel cone is connected to fixed block by pivot, torsion spring is sleeved on pivot, and is extruded in the inboard of steel cone, steel cone is connected on sleeve ring by connecting rod, and sleeve ring is sleeved on bolt.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of auxiliary devices for blasting engineering, and particularly relates to a full-automatic bottom plugging device for through-hole blast hole and a plugging method. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a core link in mining operations, the efficiency and safety of drilling and blasting technology are directly related to the progress and cost of the entire project. In many fields such as water conservancy and hydropower, tunneling, and transportation construction, drilling and blasting technology is widely used, effectively breaking geological structures such as rock and soil, and creating favorable conditions for subsequent construction or mining operations.

[0003] In the traditional process of charging through-hole blast holes, the plugging operation at the bottom of the blast hole is a crucial step. The purpose of setting the plug is to ensure that the explosive in the hole is stably placed at the predetermined position, preventing it from falling due to gravity or other factors before charging or detonation, thereby ensuring the consistency and safety of the blasting effect. In current underground mining operations, materials are often taken locally, and the method of plugging the blast hole with steel wire tied cement lumps is generally used. Although this method meets the basic operational requirements to some extent, its inherent limitations are increasingly evident: ① The operation process of steel wire tied cement lumps is complex and requires manual accurate measurement of the length of the suspended steel wire to ensure that the cement lumps can accurately reach the specified position of the blast hole. This process not only consumes time and effort, increasing labor costs, but is also susceptible to human factors in actual operation, resulting in inaccurate plugging position and affecting the blasting effect; ② The combination of steel wire and cement lumps has stability problems. Due to the flexibility of the steel wire and the rigidity of the cement lumps, they are prone to looseness or displacement when subjected to stress for a long time or subjected to external impact, thereby affecting the plugging effect. In addition, the quality of the cement lumps is difficult to guarantee consistency, and their density, strength, and other performance indicators may fluctuate due to various factors in the production process, thereby affecting the overall performance of the plug.

[0004] In view of the many shortcomings of the traditional plugging method, the present application proposes a full-automatic bottom plugging device for through-hole blast hole and a plugging method to solve the above technical problems. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a full-automatic bottom plugging device for through-hole blast hole and a plugging method, which solves the technical problems of current blast hole plugging device operation process being complex, consuming manpower, poor stability, and difficult to guarantee production quality.

[0006] The present application provides a full-automatic bottom plugging device for through-hole blast hole, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A kind of through-hole blast hole bottom full-automatic blocking device, comprising: shell and force receiving structural member, trigger structural member, action structural member being arranged in shell interior;The shell is provided with notch on top;

[0008] The force receiving structural member includes bolt, force receiving rod, spring, positioning column, suspension rod, the bolt is fixed below force receiving rod, the force receiving rod is supported by spring arranged on positioning column, the positioning column is fixed in the inner side of shell, the suspension rod is hung on force receiving rod;

[0009] The trigger structural member includes trigger ring, sector, trigger elbow, the trigger elbow is fixed with sector bottom, the trigger ring is naturally sleeved on trigger elbow, the suspension rod is connected with trigger ring;

[0010] The action structural member includes sleeve ring, connecting rod, steel cone, the steel cone is rotatably arranged in notch, the steel cone is connected on sleeve ring by connecting rod, the sleeve ring is sleeved on bolt;

[0011] As preferred, the inner side of shell top is provided with fixed block;

[0012] The action structural member further includes torsion spring and pivot, the steel cone is connected to fixed block by pivot, the torsion spring is sleeved on pivot and is pressed in the inner side of steel cone.

[0013] As preferred, the force receiving rod is provided with protrusion below both ends, for fixing spring, the protrusion is provided with slender cylinder below, and is inserted into the groove of positioning column, the spring is sleeved on the outside of slender cylinder.

[0014] As preferred, the bolt is conical and adopts metal material, surface is smooth, and is welded below force receiving rod.

[0015] As preferred, the compressed length of spring is greater than the length of bolt downward through the plane where sleeve ring is located.

[0016] As preferred, the sector is bound with a circle of ribbon outside;The sector adopts metal material with greater density, and can rotate downward under unconstrained condition.

[0017] As preferred, the steel cone and pivot all adopt high-strength metal material;The torsion spring adopts metal material with great rigidity.

[0018] As preferred, the force receiving structural member includes four positioning columns, the action structural member includes four steel cones, the four positioning columns and four steel cones are staggered arrangement, and divide circle.

[0019] As preferred, the shell adopts high-strength material, has a shell-like shape, and has a smooth surface with a lower tip; the maximum outer diameter of the shell is smaller than the diameter of the through-hole blast hole, and when the steel cone is opened by rotation, the maximum outer diameter is greater than the diameter of the through-hole blast hole.

[0020] The application also provides a full-automatic blocking method for the bottom of a through-hole blast hole, which uses the full-automatic blocking device for the bottom of a through-hole blast hole, and includes the following steps: first, place the blocking device on the upper hole of the through-hole blast hole, then put the whole device into the hole and release it, and when the fan-shaped pieces completely exceed the bottom hole of the through-hole blast hole, the fan-shaped pieces are turned downward, driving the trigger bent rod to be raised, the trigger ring is separated from the trigger bent rod, the compressed spring is released, the latch is separated from the ring, the steel cone is unfolded outward around the rotation shaft under the action of the torsion spring, and is clamped on the wall of the through-hole blast hole, and the blocking is completed.

[0021] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) Improve operation efficiency and precision: The full-automatic blocking device of the application realizes accurate positioning and release of the blocking object through mechanical structures such as force receiving structural members, trigger structural members, and acting structural members, without the need for manual accurate measurement of the length of the steel wire suspension, greatly simplifying the operation process and reducing manual intervention, thereby improving operation efficiency and reducing labor costs. At the same time, mechanized operation also avoids the problem of inaccurate blocking position caused by human factors, ensuring the consistency of the blocking effect and the predictability of the blasting effect.

[0023] (2) Enhance stability and safety: The steel cone in the full-automatic blocking device can be firmly clamped on the wall of the blast hole under the action of the torsion spring, and compared with the combination of steel wire and cement lump, this mechanical locking mechanism is more stable when subjected to long-term stress or external impact, and is not easy to loosen or displace, effectively improving the stability and safety of the blocking object. In addition, fully automated operation also reduces the risk of direct contact between personnel and explosives, further ensuring the safety of the operating personnel.

[0024] (3) Ensure the consistency of the performance of the blocking object: The full-automatic blocking device of the application uses standardized mechanical components and pre-set elements such as springs and torsion springs, so it can ensure that the performance (such as stability and clamping force) of the blocking object remains consistent in each blocking operation, avoiding the influence of cement lump production quality fluctuations on the blocking effect.

[0025] (4) Strong adaptability: The full-automatic blocking device of the application is designed flexibly and can be adjusted and optimized according to the diameter and depth of different blast holes, and is suitable for various mining and tunneling operation scenarios, having strong universality and adaptability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] For ease of illustration, the application is described in detail by the following specific embodiments and drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 Fig. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of the plug device of the present embodiment;

[0028] Figure 2 Fig. 3 is a top cross-sectional view of the plug device of the present embodiment;

[0029] Figure 3 Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the plug device in use of the present embodiment;

[0030] Figure 4 Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the plug device implementation process of the present embodiment.

[0031] In the figure: 1 - bolt; 2 - force bar; 3 - spring; 4 - positioning column; 5 - suspension rod; 6 - trigger ring; 7 - sector; 8 - trigger bent rod; 9 - collar; 10 - connecting rod; 11 - steel cone; 12 - torsion spring; 13 - rotating shaft; 14 - shell; 1401 - notch; 1402 - fixed block; 15 - ribbon; 16 - through-hole blast hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following is a specific embodiment of the present application and in conjunction with the drawings, the technical solutions of the present application are further described, but the present application is not limited to these embodiments; in the following description, the specific details such as specific configurations and components are provided only to help fully understand the embodiments of the present application. Therefore, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. In addition, in order to be clear and concise, the description of known functions and structures is omitted.

[0033] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0034] As Figures 1-4As shown, the full-automatic blocking device for the bottom of a through-hole blast hole provided by the embodiment comprises a shell 14, a force receiving structural member, a trigger structural member and an acting structural member arranged inside the shell 14. A notch 1401 is formed on the upper side of the shell 14, and a fixed block 1402 is arranged on the inner side of the shell 14. The force receiving structural member comprises a plug 1, a force receiving rod 2, a spring 3, a positioning column 4 and a suspension rod 5. The plug 1 is fixed below the force receiving rod 2, the force receiving rod 2 is supported by the spring 3 arranged on the positioning column 4, the positioning column 4 is fixed on the inner side of the shell 14, and the suspension rod 5 is suspended on the force receiving rod 2. The trigger structural member comprises a trigger ring 6, a sector 7 and a trigger bent rod 8. The trigger bent rod 8 is fixed to the bottom of the sector 7, the trigger ring 6 is naturally sleeved on the trigger bent rod 8, and the suspension rod 5 is connected to the trigger ring 6. The acting structural member comprises a sleeve ring 9, a connecting rod 10, a steel cone 11, a torsion spring 12 and a rotating shaft 13. The steel cone 11 is connected to the fixed block 1402 through the rotating shaft 13, the torsion spring 12 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 13 and is pressed on the inner side of the steel cone 11, the steel cone 11 is connected to the sleeve ring 9 through the connecting rod 10, and the sleeve ring 9 is sleeved on the plug 1.

[0035] Further, protrusions are arranged below the two ends of the force receiving rod 2 for fixing the spring 3. An elongated cylinder is arranged below the protrusions and is inserted into the groove of the positioning column 4. The spring 3 is sleeved on the outside of the elongated cylinder. The purpose of this arrangement is to facilitate the movement of the elongated cylinder in the groove of the positioning column 4 when the spring 3 is released.

[0036] Further, the plug 1 is conical and is made of metal material. The surface of the plug 1 is smooth and is welded below the force receiving rod 2. The purpose of this arrangement is to facilitate the disengagement of the sleeve ring 9 from the plug 1.

[0037] Further, the compressed length of the spring 3 is greater than the length of the plug 1 passing through the plane where the sleeve ring 9 is arranged. This facilitates the smooth disengagement of the plug 1 from the sleeve ring 9 after the spring 3 is released.

[0038] Further, a silk ribbon 5 is tied to the outside of the sector 7 to restrict the sector 7 and prevent the internal mechanism of the trigger device from being triggered. The sector 7 is made of metal material with high density and can rotate downward under no constraint. The trigger bent rod 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sector 7 and rotates with the sector 7. The trigger ring 6 is made of metal material and has a smooth surface to reduce the friction between the trigger ring 6 and the trigger bent rod 8.

[0039] Further, the steel cone 11 and the rotating shaft 13 are made of high-strength metal material, so that the steel cone 13 supports the weight of the explosive on the upper side of the through-hole blast hole 16 during construction. The torsion spring 12 is made of metal material with high rigidity. When the steel cone 11 is released, the steel cone 11 is tightly pressed against the hole wall of the through-hole blast hole 16 under the elastic force of the torsion spring 12.

[0040] Further, the force receiving structure includes four positioning columns 4, the force acting structure includes four steel cones 11, the four positioning columns 4 and the four steel cones 11 are arranged alternately and divide the circumference of the shell 14 equally.

[0041] Further, the shell 14 is made of high-strength material and has a shell-like shape with a smooth surface and a lower tip, the maximum outer diameter of the shell 14 is less than the diameter of the through-hole blast hole 16, and when the steel cone 11 is opened by rotating, the maximum outer diameter is greater than the diameter of the through-hole blast hole 16, so that the device can slide down smoothly in the through-hole blast hole 16 and play a role at the bottom of the through-hole blast hole 16.

[0042] The embodiment also provides a full-automatic blocking method for the bottom of the through-hole blast hole, which includes the following steps: first, the blocking device is placed on the upper hole of the through-hole blast hole 16, then the ribbon 15 is untied, and then the whole device is put into the hole and released, when the fan-shaped piece 7 completely exceeds the hole at the bottom of the through-hole blast hole 16, the fan-shaped piece 7 rotates downward, drives the trigger bent rod 8 to be upturned, the trigger ring 6 is separated from the trigger bent rod 8, the compressed spring 3 is released, the latch 1 is separated from the collar 9, the steel cone 11 is unfolded outward around the rotating shaft 13 under the torsional force of the torsional spring 12, and is clamped on the hole wall of the through-hole blast hole 16, and the blocking is completed.

[0043] Therefore, the full-automatic blocking device can complete the blocking operation of the bottom of the blast hole through simple steps, avoids the cumbersome steel wire binding and cement clump suspension process in the traditional method, significantly improves the operation efficiency, and reduces the labor cost. After the device is put into the blast hole, the fan-shaped piece and the trigger mechanism are automatically controlled, the blocking object can be accurately positioned at the bottom of the blast hole, the accuracy of the blocking position is ensured, and the consistency and safety of the blasting effect are improved. Moreover, the steel cone in the blocking device is unfolded outward under the action of the torsional spring and clamped on the blast hole wall, the design enhances the stability of the blocking object, prevents loosening or displacement caused by gravity or external impact, and ensures the reliability of the blocking effect.

[0044] It is to be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and it should be understood that, when terms such as "comprise", "include", "contain" and / or "have" are used in the specification, there is a presence of the features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0045] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower" and the like is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0046] Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used herein for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined with "first", "second" etc. can include at least one of the features explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, for example two, three, etc., unless explicitly specified otherwise.

Claims

1. A full-automatic hole bottom plugging device for through-hole blasting, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of trigger mechanism, including: Shell (14) and force receiving structural member, trigger structure, action structure are arranged inside shell (14); The upper side of the shell (14) is provided with a notch (1401);The inner side of the upper side of the shell (14) is provided with a fixed block (1402); The force receiving structural member includes a bolt (1), a force receiving rod (2), a spring (3), a positioning column (4) and a suspension rod (5), the bolt (1) is fixed below the force receiving rod (2), the force receiving rod (2) is supported by the spring (3) arranged on the positioning column (4), the positioning column (4) is fixed inside the shell (14), and the suspension rod (5) is hung on the force receiving rod (2); The trigger structure includes a trigger ring (6), a sector (7) and a trigger bent rod (8), the trigger bent rod (8) is fixed with the bottom of the sector (7), the trigger ring (6) is naturally sleeved on the trigger bent rod (8), and the suspension rod (5) is connected with the trigger ring (6);The outer side of the sector (7) is bound with a circle of ribbons (15);The sector (7) is made of a metal material with high density, and can rotate downward under unconstrained condition; The action structure includes a sleeve ring (9), a connecting rod (10), a steel cone (11), a torsion spring (12) and a rotating shaft (13), the steel cone (11) is rotatably arranged in the notch, the steel cone (11) is connected to the sleeve ring (9) through the connecting rod (10), the sleeve ring (9) is sleeved on the bolt (1), the steel cone (11) is connected to the fixed block (1402) through the rotating shaft (13), and the torsion spring (12) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (13) and is pressed inside the steel cone (11).

2. The full-automatic hole bottom plugging device for through-hole blasting holes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The force receiving rod (2) is provided with a protrusion below both ends, for fixing the spring (3), the protrusion is provided with an elongated cylinder below, and is inserted into the groove of the positioning column (4), and the spring (3) is sleeved outside the elongated cylinder.

3. The full-automatic hole bottom plugging device for through-hole blasting holes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bolt (1) is conical and made of metal material, and the surface is smooth, welded below the force receiving rod (2).

4. The full-automatic hole bottom plugging device for through-hole blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compressed length of the spring (3) is greater than the length of the bolt (1) downward through the plane of the sleeve ring (9).

5. The full-automatic hole bottom plugging device for through-hole blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel cone (11) and the rotating shaft (13) are made of high-strength metal material, and the torsion spring (12) is made of metal material with high rigidity.

6. The full-automatic hole bottom plugging device for through-hole blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The force receiving structural member includes four positioning columns (4), the action structure includes four steel cones (11), the four positioning columns (4) and the four steel cones (11) are staggered, and divide the circumference in half.

7. The full-automatic hole bottom plugging device for through-hole blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shell (14) is made of high-strength material, and the shape is like a shell, the tip is the lower part, and the surface is smooth;The maximum outer diameter of the shell (14) is smaller than the diameter of the through-hole cannon hole (16), when the steel cone (11) is rotated and opened, the maximum outer diameter is greater than the diameter of the through-hole cannon hole (16).

8. A method for fully automatic stemming of through holes, characterized in that The full-automatic hole bottom blocking device for through-hole blast hole according to any one of claims 2-7 comprises the following steps: first, the blocking device is placed on the upper hole of the through-hole blast hole (16), then the whole device is put into the hole and released, when the fan-shaped piece (7) completely exceeds the bottom hole of the through-hole blast hole (16), the fan-shaped piece (7) is turned downward, the trigger bent rod (8) is raised, the trigger ring (6) is separated from the trigger bent rod (8), the compressed spring (3) is released, the latch (1) is separated from the collar (9), the steel cone (11) is rotated around the rotating shaft (13) and unfolded outward under the torsion of the torsion spring (12), and is clamped on the hole wall of the through-hole blast hole (16), and the blocking is completed.

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