External fixator for drainage tube after breast cancer operation

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a breast cancer postoperative drainage tube external fixator which comprises a fixing disc, a pressing plate is fixed to the front face of the fixing disc, the pressing plate is elastic, a sliding groove is formed in the front face of the fixing disc, a sliding block is slidably connected into the sliding groove, a push plate is fixed to the top of the sliding block, and the end, close to the push plate, of the pressing plate tilts upwards. A double-faced adhesive tape is arranged on the back face of the fixing disc, and the pressing plate and the pushing plate are connected through a fixing assembly. According to the external fixator for the drainage tube after the breast cancer operation, the drainage tube can be pressed and fixed through cooperation of the fixing disc, the elastic pressing plate and the push plate. When the drainage tube is dragged by a large force, the drainage tube can still move and cannot be fixed, so that the stability of the drainage tube under normal conditions is ensured, the problem of displacement or separation caused by dragging is avoided, and the safety and effectiveness of drainage are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to an external fixator for drainage tubes after breast cancer surgery. Background Art

[0002] After breast cancer surgery, a drainage tube is usually needed to drain the fluid in the wound to promote wound healing. However, there are some problems with the current way of fixing the drainage tube. In clinical work, patients after breast cancer surgery need to install a drainage tube to remove the fluid in the body or reduce the risk of infection.

[0003] However, traditional fixation methods are simple, such as using tape, sutures, pins, etc., which may cause the tube to be fixed too tightly or loosely, and may even cause the drainage tube to fall off or cause trauma to the patient's skin. If the drainage tube is fixed too tightly, the drainage tube will be pulled hard when the patient moves, which may easily cause the drainage tube to shift or fall out, affecting the drainage effect and may even cause complications such as wound infection. If the fixation is too loose, the stability of the drainage tube cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, corresponding improvements are made to address this problem. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes an external fixator for drainage tube after breast cancer surgery.

[0005] The present invention provides an external fixer for drainage tube after breast cancer surgery, comprising a fixing plate, a pressure plate fixed on the front side of the fixing plate, the pressure plate being elastic, and a slide groove being provided on the front side of the fixing plate, a sliding block being slidably connected in the slide groove, a push plate being fixed on the top of the sliding block, the end of the pressure plate close to the push plate being tilted upward, a double-sided adhesive strip being provided on the back side of the fixing plate, and the pressure plate and the push plate being connected by a fixing component; according to the number selected as needed, a plurality of fixing plates are fixed to the patient's body through the double-sided adhesive strips, and then the drainage tube is inserted from the tilted end of the pressure plate, and then the push plate is pushed along the slide groove in the direction close to the pressure plate, the push plate will push the drainage tube toward the inside of the pressure plate, the pressure plate will be deformed, and the drainage tube will be pressed and fixed by elastic force, and once the drainage tube is pulled strongly, the drainage tube can still move and will not be fixed by the pressure plate.

[0006] Preferably, the fixing assembly includes a card strip and a plurality of card slots that can be engaged with the card strip, the card slots are opened on the back side of the pressure plate, and the card strip is arranged on the front side of the push plate; when the push plate is pushed toward the inside of the pressure plate, the card strip will be engaged with a corresponding card slot, thereby fixing the push plate, and the end of the pressure plate is pulled upward a little bit so that the card strip and the card slot are out of the engaged state, and the push plate can be directly pulled out, which is very convenient to use.

[0007] Preferably, the fixing assembly includes a screw rod, which is rotatably connected to the fixing plate and is threadedly connected to the slider. A notch is provided at the edge of the fixing plate, and the end of the screw rod extends into the notch. By rotating the screw rod at the notch, the slider can be driven to move along the direction of the slide groove through the screw rod, and when the push plate moves to a predetermined position, it is directly fixed at that position.

[0008] Preferably, the number of the double-sided adhesive strips is two, and the shape of the double-sided adhesive strips is arc-shaped. A circular central convex layer is provided on the back of the fixed disk. The double-sided adhesive strip surrounds the edge of the central convex layer. The thickness of the double-sided adhesive strip is greater than the central convex layer, and a gap is left between the two double-sided adhesive strips. In this way, when the fixed disk is fixed to the patient's body, there will be no direct contact between the central convex layer and the patient's skin, forming a space through which ventilation can be carried out, thereby reducing the discomfort in the skin caused by long-term wearing.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a pressure acquisition module, a sediment acquisition module, a control module, a battery module and an actuator. The pressure acquisition module is used to detect the pressure information in the drainage pipe in real time, and the sediment acquisition module is used to detect the sediment information attached to the wall of the drainage pipe in real time. The control module receives the data collected by the pressure acquisition module and the sediment acquisition module in real time and generates an evaluation coefficient, compares it with a preset reference threshold, and controls the working state of the actuator according to the comparison result; in the process of drainage, the control module will receive the data collected by the pressure acquisition module and the sediment acquisition module in real time, and conduct a comprehensive analysis, and then generate an evaluation coefficient, compare the evaluation coefficient with a preset reference threshold of the evaluation coefficient, and judge whether the amount of sediment attached to the wall of the drainage pipe is within a reasonable range, and control the working state of the actuator according to the comparison result. If the amount of sediment attached to the wall of the drainage pipe is not within a reasonable range, the actuator will start to clean up the sediment, thereby avoiding blockage of the drainage pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the actuator is a vibrator, and a mounting frame for mounting the vibrator is provided on the front of the pressure plate, and rubber strips for pressing the vibrator are fixedly connected to the inner walls on both sides of the mounting frame; in this way, the vibrator can be placed in the mounting frame, and then the vibrator can be pressed between the two rubber strips, and the vibrator can be fixed by the rubber strips. After receiving relevant instructions from the control module, the vibrator will vibrate, thereby cleaning off the sediment attached to the wall of the drainage pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the input end and the output end of the pressure collection module are electrically connected to the output end and the input end of the control module respectively, the input end and the output end of the sediment collection module are electrically connected to the output end and the input end of the control module respectively, the output end of the control module is electrically connected to the input end of the vibrator, the battery module is used to supply power to the pressure collection module, the sediment collection module and the vibrator, and the battery module and the control module are integrated together.

[0012] Preferably, the control module generates a sediment adhesion index (S) after receiving the data collected by the sediment collection module: in, : The area covered by the pipe wall sediments, : Cross-sectional area of ​​drainage tube, : Average thickness of sediments, : Preset the maximum allowable thickness; The control module generates the pressure fluctuation coefficient (P) after receiving the data collected by the pressure acquisition module: in, : Real-time pressure, : Initial reference pressure.

[0013] Preferably, the evaluation coefficient (K): in, : Dynamic weight factor.

[0014] Preferably, the control logic of the control module for the working state of the actuator according to the comparison result is as follows: when And duration When , the actuator starts the vibration mode; in, : threshold value, : Minimum trigger time.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a postoperative drainage tube external fixator for breast cancer, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. An external fixator for drainage tube after breast cancer surgery, which can compress and fix the drainage tube through the cooperation of a fixing plate, an elastic pressing plate and a pushing plate. When the drainage tube is pulled strongly, the drainage tube can still move and will not be fixed, which not only ensures the stability of the drainage tube under normal circumstances, but also avoids the problem of displacement or dislocation caused by pulling, thereby improving the safety and effectiveness of drainage.

[0016] 2. An external fixator for drainage tube after breast cancer surgery provides two different fixing components. The combination of the clamping strip and the clamping slot makes the fixing and removal of the push plate simple and convenient, which is convenient for medical staff to adjust according to actual conditions; the threaded connection between the screw and the slider can drive the slider to move by turning the screw, and the push plate can be directly fixed after moving to a predetermined position, further enhancing the stability and operability of the fixation.

[0017] 3. An external fixator for drainage tube after breast cancer surgery is equipped with a pressure collection module, a sediment collection module and a control module, which can detect the pressure information and wall sediment information in the drainage tube in real time and generate an evaluation coefficient. By comparing with the pre-set reference threshold, it is judged whether the amount of sediment attached to the wall of the drainage tube is within a reasonable range. If it is unreasonable, the control module will control the vibrator to start and clean up the sediment, avoiding blockage of the drainage tube, reducing the inspection and treatment work of medical staff, and alleviating the pain of patients. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an external fixator for drainage tube after breast cancer surgery proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between a push plate and a pressure plate of an external fixator for drainage tube after breast cancer surgery proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 An exploded view of a push plate, a vibrator and a fixing plate of an external fixator for drainage tube after breast cancer surgery proposed by the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the bottom structure of a fixing plate of an external fixator for drainage tube after breast cancer surgery proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the screw installation structure of an external fixator for drainage tube after breast cancer surgery proposed by the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a mounting frame of an external fixator for drainage tubes after breast cancer surgery proposed by the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a drainage tube external fixator after breast cancer surgery proposed by the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1. fixed plate; 2. pressure plate; 3. push plate; 4. slide groove; 5. slider; 6. double-sided adhesive strip; 7. center convex layer; 8. slot; 9. card strip; 10. notch; 11. screw; 12. pressure collection module; 13. sediment collection module; 14. vibrator; 15. control module; 16. battery module; 17. installation frame; 18. rubber strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0022] Reference Figure 1-Figure 8 , an external fixator for drainage tube after breast cancer surgery, comprising a fixing plate 1, a pressing plate 2 is fixed on the front of the fixing plate 1, the pressing plate 2 is elastic, and a slide groove 4 is opened on the front of the fixing plate 1, a slider 5 is slidably connected in the slide groove 4, a push plate 3 is fixed on the top of the slider 5, one end of the pressing plate 2 close to the push plate 3 is tilted upward, a double-sided adhesive strip 6 is arranged on the back of the fixing plate 1, and the pressing plate 2 and the push plate 3 are connected by a fixing component; When in use, tear off the isolation film on the double-sided adhesive strip 6, and then fix multiple fixing plates 1 to the patient's body according to the number selected as needed, then insert the drainage tube from the raised end of the pressing plate 2, and then push the push plate 3 along the slide groove 4 toward the pressing plate 2, the push plate 3 will push the drainage tube into the inside of the pressing plate 2, the pressing plate 2 will be deformed, and the drainage tube will be pressed and fixed by elastic force, and once the drainage tube is pulled strongly, the drainage tube can still move and will not be fixed by the pressing plate 2.

[0023] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 In the first embodiment, the fixing assembly includes a card strip 9 and a plurality of card slots 8 that can be engaged with the card strip 9, the card slots 8 are provided on the back of the pressing plate 2, and the card strip 9 is provided on the front of the pushing plate 3; During use, when the push plate 3 is pushed toward the inside of the pressure plate 2, the card strip 9 will be engaged with a corresponding card slot 8, thereby fixing the push plate 3. The end of the pressure plate 2 is pulled upward a little bit so that the card strip 9 and the card slot 8 are out of the engaged state, and the push plate 3 can be directly pulled out, which is very convenient to use.

[0024] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 6In Example 2, the fixing assembly includes a screw 11, which is rotatably connected to the fixing plate 1, and the screw 11 is threadedly connected to the slider 5. A notch 10 is provided at the edge of the fixing plate 1, and the end of the screw 11 extends into the notch 10; When in use, the screw rod 11 is rotated at the notch 10, so that the slider 5 can be driven to move along the direction of the slide groove 4 through the screw rod 11, and when the push plate 3 moves to a predetermined position, it is directly fixed at the position.

[0025] Further, the number of the double-sided adhesive strips 6 is two, and the shape of the double-sided adhesive strips 6 is arc-shaped, a circular central convex layer 7 is provided on the back of the fixed plate 1, the double-sided adhesive strips 6 surround the edge of the central convex layer 7, the thickness of the double-sided adhesive strips 6 is greater than the central convex layer 7, and a gap is left between the two double-sided adhesive strips 6; During use, after the fixing plate 1 is fixed to the patient's body, there is no direct contact between the central convex layer 7 and the patient's skin, forming a space through which ventilation can be carried out, thereby reducing the discomfort on the skin caused by long-term wearing.

[0026] In Example 3, a postoperative drainage tube external fixator for breast cancer further includes a pressure acquisition module 12, a sediment acquisition module 13, a control module 15, a battery module 16 and an actuator, wherein the pressure acquisition module 12 is used to detect the pressure information in the drainage tube in real time, the sediment acquisition module 13 is used to detect the sediment information attached to the wall of the drainage tube in real time, the control module 15 receives the data collected by the pressure acquisition module 12 and the sediment acquisition module 13 in real time and generates an evaluation coefficient, compares it with a preset reference threshold, and controls the working state of the actuator according to the comparison result; It should be noted that the pressure acquisition module 12 may be a sandwich structure sensor or other equipment capable of detecting the pressure information in the drainage pipe in real time, the sediment acquisition module 13 may be an annular sensor unit or other equipment capable of detecting the sediment information attached to the wall of the drainage pipe in real time, and the control module 15 is an embedded MCU (ARMCortex-M4) that runs an adaptive PID algorithm to adjust the α / β weights. Therefore, the pressure acquisition module 12, the sediment acquisition module 13 and the control module 15 are not specifically limited here and can be selected according to actual needs; When in use, during the drainage process, the control module 15 will receive the data collected by the pressure acquisition module 12 and the sediment acquisition module 13 in real time, and conduct a comprehensive analysis, and then generate an evaluation coefficient, and compare the evaluation coefficient with a preset evaluation coefficient reference threshold to determine whether the amount of sediment attached to the wall of the drainage tube is within a reasonable range, and control the working state of the actuator according to the comparison result. If the amount of sediment attached to the wall of the drainage tube is not within a reasonable range, the actuator will start to clean up the sediment, thereby avoiding blockage of the drainage tube.

[0027] The actuator is a vibrator 14, and a mounting frame 17 for mounting the vibrator 14 is provided on the front of the pressure plate 2. Rubber strips 18 for pressing against the vibrator 14 are fixedly connected to the inner walls on both sides of the mounting frame 17. When in use, the vibrator 14 can be placed in the installation frame 17, and then the vibrator 14 can be pressed between the two rubber strips 18, so that the vibrator 14 can be fixed by the rubber strips 18. After receiving the relevant instructions from the control module 15, the vibrator 14 will vibrate, thereby cleaning up the sediment attached to the wall of the drainage tube.

[0028] Among them, the input end and the output end of the pressure collection module 12 are electrically connected to the output end and the input end of the control module 15 respectively, the input end and the output end of the sediment collection module 13 are electrically connected to the output end and the input end of the control module 15 respectively, the output end of the control module 15 is electrically connected to the input end of the vibrator 14, the battery module 16 is used to supply power to the pressure collection module 12, the sediment collection module 13 and the vibrator 14, and the battery module 16 and the control module 15 are integrated together.

[0029] In Example 4, through the cooperation between the pressure acquisition module 12, the sediment acquisition module 13, the control module 15 and the actuator, the control logic of intelligently cleaning the sediment attached to the wall of the drainage pipe is as follows: 1. Core control process: sensor data acquisition → parameter standardization → evaluation coefficient calculation → threshold judgment → actuator triggering → feedback calibration.

[0030] 2. Standardized calculation formula for key parameters: The control module 15 generates a sediment adhesion index (S) after receiving the data collected by the sediment collection module 13: in, : Pipe wall sediment coverage area (mm²), Drainage tube cross-sectional area (mm²), : Average thickness of sediment (mm), : Preset maximum allowable thickness (mm); The control module 15 generates a pressure fluctuation coefficient (P) after receiving the data collected by the pressure collection module 12: : Real-time pressure (kPa), : Initial reference pressure (kPa).

[0031] Among them, the evaluation coefficient (K): The dynamic weight factors α and β are obtained by fitting historical data and satisfy: in, : Dynamic weight factor (range 0.1-0.9, default α=0.6, β=0.4); The dynamic weight factors (α=0.6, β=0.4) are selected based on the following: Weight allocation basis: The principal component analysis method was used to determine the contribution of each parameter to the sediment adhesion index (S), and the optimal ratio was obtained through clinical data regression verification. Engineering verification: The allocation of 0.6 / 0.4 reduced the system false alarm rate to less than 5% in the in vitro simulation experiment (12% in the control group); Fault-tolerance mechanism: Set the weight sum Σ=1 to ensure that there is a constraint relationship between parameters and avoid a single parameter dominating the system judgment.

[0032] 3. Execution trigger conditions: when And duration When , the actuator starts the vibration mode; in, : threshold (default 0.75), : Minimum trigger time (30 seconds by default); : The threshold (default 0.75) is selected based on the following: Fluid mechanics model: Based on the Navier-Stokes equation, when the pressure fluctuation coefficient exceeds 0.75, the turbulence risk increases by 87%; Clinical statistics: Analysis of 200 postoperative drainage data revealed that the probability of catheter blockage increased by 3.2 times when pressure fluctuations exceeded this threshold; Safety margin: A 25% buffer is reserved to account for sensor measurement errors (±5%) and ambient temperature fluctuations.

[0033] : The minimum trigger time (30 seconds by default) is selected based on the following: Nerve reflex cycle: refer to the human pain conduction speed (1-2m / s) to ensure that intervention measures are completed before the noxious stimulus is transmitted to the spinal cord; Material creep characteristics: Based on the stress relaxation curve of medical silicone tube, 93% of abnormal deformation can be captured in a 30-second window period; System response verification: Full cycle testing from sensor sampling to actuator action showed that 98.7% reliable response can be achieved in 30 seconds.

[0034] 4. Feedback learning: After the vibration is cleared, it enters the learning mode, records the clearing effect and corrects it Value, the correction formula is: Among them, γ is the learning rate (0.05-0.2), which characterizes the response sensitivity of the control system to the change of drainage state, and is the step coefficient of weight update in the adaptive algorithm. The value range of 0.05-0.2 has been verified by fluid dynamics simulation to ensure that the system maintains Lyapunov stability during dynamic adjustment. ΔQ is the percentage of drainage efficiency improvement (drainage efficiency gradient), and the calculation formula is:

[0035] in, is the benchmark drainage efficiency (set according to ISO5367 standard), It is a real-time monitoring value. When ΔQ ≥ 5%, the parameter tuning module of the PID controller is triggered.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A postoperative drainage tube external fixator for breast cancer, comprising a fixing plate (1), a pressure collection module (12), a sediment collection module (13), a control module (15), a battery module (16) and an actuator, characterized in that: A pressure plate (2) is fixed on the front of the fixed disk (1), the pressure plate (2) is elastic, and a slide groove (4) is provided on the front of the fixed disk (1), a slider (5) is slidably connected in the slide groove (4), a push plate (3) is fixed on the top of the slider (5), and one end of the pressure plate (2) close to the push plate (3) is tilted upwards, and a double-sided adhesive strip (6) is provided on the back of the fixed disk (1), and the pressure plate (2) and the push plate (3) are connected by a fixing component; The pressure acquisition module (12) is used to detect the pressure information in the drainage pipe in real time, the sediment acquisition module (13) is used to detect the sediment information attached to the wall of the drainage pipe in real time, the actuator is installed on the pressure plate (2) and is used to generate vibration to clean the sediment on the wall of the pipe, and the control module (15) receives the data collected by the pressure acquisition module (12) and the sediment acquisition module (13) in real time and generates an evaluation coefficient, compares it with a preset reference threshold, and controls the working state of the actuator according to the comparison result.

2. The external fixator for drainage tube after breast cancer surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing assembly comprises a clamping strip (9) and a plurality of clamping slots (8) capable of clamping with the clamping strip (9); the clamping slots (8) are provided on the back side of the pressing plate (2), and the clamping strip (9) is provided on the front side of the pushing plate (3).

3. The external fixator for drainage tube after breast cancer surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing assembly comprises a screw rod (11), the screw rod (11) being rotatably connected to the fixing plate (1), and the screw rod (11) being threadedly connected to the slider (5), a notch (10) being provided at the edge of the fixing plate (1), and an end of the screw rod (11) extending into the notch (10).

4. The external fixator for drainage tube after breast cancer surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the double-sided adhesive strips (6) is two, and the shape of the double-sided adhesive strips (6) is arc-shaped. A circular central convex layer (7) is provided on the back of the fixed disk (1). The double-sided adhesive strips (6) surround the edge of the central convex layer (7). The thickness of the double-sided adhesive strips (6) is greater than that of the central convex layer (7), and a gap is left between the two double-sided adhesive strips (6).

5. The external fixator for drainage tube after breast cancer surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The actuator is a vibrator (14), and a mounting frame (17) for mounting the vibrator (14) is provided on the front side of the pressure plate (2). Rubber strips (18) for pressing against the vibrator (14) are respectively fixedly connected to inner walls on both sides of the mounting frame (17).

6. The external fixator for drainage tube after breast cancer surgery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The input end and the output end of the pressure collection module (12) are electrically connected to the output end and the input end of the control module (15) respectively; the input end and the output end of the sediment collection module (13) are electrically connected to the output end and the input end of the control module (15) respectively; the output end of the control module (15) is electrically connected to the input end of the vibrator (14); the battery module (16) is used to supply power to the pressure collection module (12), the sediment collection module (13) and the vibrator (14); and the battery module (16) and the control module (15) are integrated together.

7. The external fixator for drainage tube after breast cancer surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module (15) generates a sediment adhesion index (S) after receiving the data collected by the sediment collection module (13): in, : The area covered by the pipe wall sediments, : Cross-sectional area of ​​drainage tube, : Average thickness of sediments, : Preset the maximum allowable thickness; The control module (15) generates a pressure fluctuation coefficient (P) after receiving the data collected by the pressure collection module (12): in, : Real-time pressure, : Initial reference pressure.

8. The external fixator for drainage tube after breast cancer surgery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The evaluation coefficient (K): in, : Dynamic weight factor.

9. The external fixator for drainage tube after breast cancer surgery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The control logic of the control module (15) for the working state of the actuator according to the comparison result is as follows: when And duration When , the actuator starts the vibration mode; in, : threshold value, : Minimum trigger time.

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