Solar photocatalytic degradation of pollutants experimental device

Abstract

The application discloses a solar photocatalytic degradation of pollutants experimental device, including box, light source, solar power generation module, photocatalytic degradation structure and filter structure, the box is arranged obliquely and the inclination angle can be adjusted, the box plate of the box is transparent plate, a plurality of degradation bins are sequentially connected in the box from top to bottom, the photocatalytic degradation structure is rotatably arranged in the degradation bin, the filter structure is arranged in the degradation bin, the light source is arranged on the box and is electrically connected with the solar power generation module, the photocatalytic degradation structure can utilize the light source and / or sunlight to degrade the pollutants in the water sample in the degradation bin. The filter structure can intercept the substances with large molecular weight in the water body, so that the separation or concentration effect is achieved, and the water degradation effect is improved. The obliquely arranged box can increase the flow rate of the water body in the degradation bin, improve the degradation efficiency, and the photocatalytic degradation structure is rotatably arranged, so that the water body can drive the photocatalytic degradation structure to rotate when flowing in the degradation bin, the water body is fully contacted with the photocatalytic sheets on the photocatalytic degradation structure, and the degradation effect is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photocatalytic degradation of pollutants, and more particularly to a solar-powered experimental apparatus for photocatalytic degradation of pollutants. Background Technology

[0002] Global water resources are currently facing unprecedented challenges. With the intensification of industrial chemical activities, water quality deterioration has become a stark reality. New types of pollutants are constantly emerging, including persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that pose a potential threat to the environment and human health. Examples include polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). At the same time, many other emerging pollutants exist in water, such as endocrine disruptors, antibiotics, microplastics, and a range of bacteria and microorganisms. These pollutants not only pose new threats to water quality but also present new challenges to human health and ecological balance. Therefore, developing effective water treatment technologies and finding comprehensive solutions that can efficiently remove persistent organic pollutants, endocrine disruptors, antibiotic residues, microplastic particles, and various harmful bacteria from water are crucial to protecting our water resources and ensuring the health and sustainable development of the Earth's ecosystems.

[0003] Photocatalytic degradation refers to the process of using radiation and photocatalysts to generate highly reactive free radicals in a reaction system, and then degrading all pollutants into inorganic substances through processes such as addition, substitution, and electron transfer between free radicals and organic pollutants. It is an effective method for degrading pollutants in water and has the characteristics of being environmentally friendly and highly efficient.

[0004] Traditional wastewater treatment equipment suffers from problems such as high energy consumption, high cost, potential secondary pollution, complex operation, and limited treatment efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a solar-powered photocatalytic degradation experimental device for pollutants, which aims to efficiently, economically, and environmentally treat / degrade wastewater through solar-driven photocatalytic reactions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] An experimental device for the photocatalytic degradation of pollutants using solar energy includes a housing, a light source, a solar power generation module, a photocatalytic degradation structure, and a filtration structure.

[0008] The box is tilted and the tilt angle is adjustable. Multiple degradation chambers are arranged in series from top to bottom inside the box. The photocatalytic degradation structure is rotatably installed in the degradation chamber. The filter structure is installed in the degradation chamber. The light source is installed on the box and electrically connected to the solar power generation module. The photocatalytic degradation structure can use the light source and / or sunlight to degrade pollutants in the water sample in the degradation chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the photocatalytic degradation structure includes a mounting base and multiple photocatalyst coating sheets rotatably mounted on the mounting base via a connecting shaft. The multiple photocatalyst coating sheets are arranged radially on the outer periphery of the connecting shaft with the connecting shaft axis as the center. The mounting base is detachably mounted on the bottom plate of the housing.

[0010] Furthermore, the filter structure is a semi-permeable membrane, and the bottom plate of the housing is provided with an installation groove, in which the semi-permeable membrane can be detachably installed.

[0011] Furthermore, the degradation chamber is arranged horizontally inside the box, with the water inlet of the upper degradation chamber connected to the water inlet tank, and the water outlet of the lower degradation chamber connected to the water collection tank.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a base, and the housing is connected to the base via a lifting and adjusting structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the box is equipped with a reflector.

[0014] Furthermore, a data detection sensor is installed inside the water collection tank.

[0015] Furthermore, the solar power generation module includes a solar panel and a power module;

[0016] The solar panel is located on the underside of the bottom plate of the enclosure, and the power module is located on the enclosure and electrically connected to the solar panel.

[0017] Furthermore, peristaltic pumps are provided between the water inlet tank and the upper degradation chamber, as well as between the water collection tank and the lower degradation chamber.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] This invention discloses a solar-powered photocatalytic degradation device for pollutants. Its filtration structure effectively traps large molecular weight substances in water, achieving separation or concentration and improving degradation efficiency. An adjustable-angle chamber allows for angle adjustment based on light intensity, maximizing light reception and enhancing degradation efficiency. The rotatable photocatalytic degradation structure, driven by water flow within the degradation chamber, ensures thorough contact between the water and photocatalyst plates, guaranteeing degradation effectiveness. The rotatable structure also agitates the water, further improving efficiency. A solar power module enables continuous 24 / 7 degradation, reducing wastewater treatment costs through low energy consumption. The device is easy to operate and produces no secondary pollution. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar-powered photocatalytic degradation experimental device for pollutants disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar-powered photocatalytic degradation experimental device for pollutants disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar-powered photocatalytic degradation experimental device for pollutants disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the photocatalytic degradation structure of a solar-powered photocatalytic degradation experimental device for pollutants disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0025] In the picture:

[0026] 1. Box body;

[0027] 2. Light source;

[0028] 3. Solar power generation module; 31. Power supply module;

[0029] 4. Photocatalytic degradation structure; 41. Mounting base; 42. Photocatalyst coating sheet; 43. Connecting shaft;

[0030] 5. Filter structure;

[0031] 6. Water inlet tank;

[0032] 7. Water collection tank;

[0033] 8. Degradation chamber;

[0034] 9. Base;

[0035] 10. Reflector;

[0036] 11. Lifting and adjusting structure;

[0037] 12. Peristaltic pump;

[0038] 13. Remote control module. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example 1:

[0041] like Figure 1-3 The image shows a solar-powered photocatalytic degradation pollutant experimental device provided in this embodiment, including a housing 1, a light source 2, a solar power generation module 3, a photocatalytic degradation structure 4, and a filter structure 5;

[0042] The housing 1 is tilted and the tilt angle is adjustable. Multiple degradation chambers 8 are arranged in series from top to bottom inside the housing 1. The photocatalytic degradation structure 4 is rotatably disposed in the degradation chamber 8. The filter structure 5 is disposed in the degradation chamber 8. The light source 2 is disposed on the housing 1 and electrically connected to the solar power generation module 3. The photocatalytic degradation structure 4 can use the light source 2 and / or sunlight to degrade pollutants in the water sample in the degradation chamber 8.

[0043] The chamber 1 is made of ultra-white glass, and the top cover of the chamber is a detachable structure, which makes it easy to replace the photocatalyst coating sheet and semi-permeable membrane inside the chamber; the light source 2 is an ultraviolet lamp tube, which is used to replace or supplement the light source intensity for water sample degradation treatment when sunlight is insufficient.

[0044] This invention discloses a solar-powered photocatalytic degradation experimental device for pollutants. Its filtration structure effectively traps large molecular weight substances in water, achieving separation or concentration and improving degradation efficiency. The tilted chamber increases the flow rate of water within the degradation chamber, further enhancing degradation efficiency. The rotatable photocatalytic degradation structure allows the water to flow through the chamber, driving the structure to rotate and ensuring full contact between the water and the photocatalyst plates, guaranteeing optimal degradation. The rotatable structure also agitates the water, further improving efficiency. A solar power module enables continuous 24-hour degradation, utilizing sunlight to reduce wastewater treatment costs. The device is energy-efficient, easy to operate, and produces no secondary pollution.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the photocatalytic degradation structure 4 includes a mounting base 41 and multiple photocatalyst coating sheets 42 rotatably mounted on the mounting base 41 via a connecting shaft 43. The multiple photocatalyst coating sheets 42 are arranged radially around the connecting shaft axis on the outer periphery of the connecting shaft. The mounting base is detachably mounted on the bottom plate of the housing 1. The photocatalyst coating sheets are photocatalyst sheets. The arrangement of multiple photocatalyst coating sheets can increase the contact area between the water and the photocatalyst in the degradation chamber 8. The radial arrangement on the outer periphery of the connecting shaft can better agitate the water, further increasing the contact frequency between the water and the photocatalyst coating sheets, and improving the uniformity of the water in the degradation chamber 8, thereby improving the degradation rate and degradation effect.

[0046] In this embodiment, no driving device is provided in the mounting base. The water flow in the degradation chamber 8 drives the photocatalyst coating sheet to rotate. As the photocatalyst coating sheet rotates continuously, the water is stirred, and the water in the degradation chamber 8 becomes more uniform, thereby improving the rate and effect of water degradation.

[0047] In a specific embodiment, the filter structure 5 is a semi-permeable membrane, and the bottom plate of the housing 1 is provided with an installation groove, in which the semi-permeable membrane can be detachably installed. Under external pressure, solutes with molecular weights smaller than the membrane's cut-off molecular weight and water permeate through the semi-permeable membrane, while large molecular weight solutes are retained by the semi-permeable membrane, achieving the effect of water separation or concentration, and realizing the efficient enrichment and separation of pollutants in the water. In this embodiment, each degradation chamber 8 is provided with a semi-permeable membrane with the same particle size. Water passes through multiple degradation chambers 8, and multiple semi-permeable membranes achieve multiple enrichment and separation of the water, ensuring the effect of water separation or concentration, and facilitating the efficient degradation of pollutants in the water.

[0048] The pore size and number of semi-permeable membranes can be determined based on the user's aquatic environment and the specific pollutants degraded by the photocatalyst. For example, if a user wants to degrade antibiotics in a part of an inland river, after pre-treating the inland river water sample (removing large particulate matter), a suitable ultrafiltration membrane (pore size at the nanometer level) is selected and placed in the mounting slot on the bottom plate of the box 1. The pre-treated water sample is then passed into the degradation chamber 8 inside the box 1. The water sample is then filtered through the semi-permeable membrane, where antibiotic molecules are retained, while water and smaller pollutants pass through the semi-permeable membrane to the next degradation chamber for degradation, and finally enter the collection tank. After the experiment, the semi-permeable membrane can be removed, and the antibiotics collected and enriched on the semi-permeable membrane can be further analyzed or processed.

[0049] In a specific embodiment, the degradation chamber 8 is arranged horizontally inside the box body 1. The water inlet of the degradation chamber 8 located at the top is connected to the water inlet tank 6, and the water outlet of the degradation chamber 8 located at the bottom is connected to the water collection tank 7. The wastewater to be degraded is pumped from the water inlet tank 6 to the degradation chamber located at the top of the box body by a peristaltic pump. The water outlet of the degradation chamber is connected to the water inlet of the next degradation chamber. The water to be degraded is pumped from the water inlet tank into the degradation chamber by a peristaltic pump and degraded in each degradation chamber in sequence before finally entering the water collection tank.

[0050] In a specific embodiment, a base 9 is also included, and the box 1 is connected to the base via a lifting adjustment structure 11. In this embodiment, the lifting adjustment structure is a cylinder, which is fixed on the base, and the piston end of the cylinder is connected to the upper part of the box 1. The angle of the box 1 can be adjusted according to the ambient light conditions, thereby adjusting the intensity and angle of the light source 2 to ensure that the degradation requirements are met and to ensure the continuous progress of the photocatalytic reaction.

[0051] In a specific embodiment, a reflector 10 is provided on the box 1. The reflector 10 is located on the edge of the box 1 and outside the light source 2. When using the light source 2 for degradation, the reflector is provided to maximize the use of light and ensure the degradation effect of the device.

[0052] In a specific embodiment, the water collection tank is equipped with data detection sensors, including a pH sensor and a dissolved oxygen sensor, to monitor and collect parameters such as pH and dissolved oxygen in the water in the collection tank in real time. The water collection tank is also equipped with a sampling port for sampling or further processing of the degraded water.

[0053] In a specific embodiment, the solar power generation module 3 includes a solar panel and a power module 31;

[0054] The solar panel is located on the underside of the bottom plate of the housing 1, and the power module is located on the housing 1 and electrically connected to the solar panel. In this embodiment, the solar panel is a polycrystalline silicon 12V 200W heat collector panel. The power module includes a CHiNT battery, a photovoltaic controller, and an inverter. The CHiNT battery can store the electrical energy generated by the solar panel. The photovoltaic controller is used to control and manage the operation of the solar panel, battery, and other equipment. The inverter is used to convert the DC power generated by the solar panel into AC power. The solar power generation module 3 converts light energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic power generation principle and stores part of the electrical energy in the battery to provide the power required for the operation of the device.

[0055] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, peristaltic pumps 12 are provided between the water inlet tank and the upper degradation chamber 8, and between the water collection tank and the lower degradation chamber 8. The peristaltic pumps are used to provide power for the flow of water.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a remote control module 13, which is used to control the flow rate of the peristaltic pump 12, the on and off of the light source 2, and the lifting of the lifting device. The remote control module uses an STM32F103 as the main control unit and integrates an ESP8266 chip as a WIFI communication module. Signal transmission, identification, processing, and command execution are all completed by the STM32F103. The STM32F103 main controller obtains the concentration of pollutants in the wastewater and the solar intensity information measured by the data detection sensor through the WIFI module, and transmits the data obtained by the WIFI module. The data is transmitted to the cloud platform. The STM32F103 main controller receives instructions from the cloud platform in real time via the WIFI module and performs precise control and adjustment on various components of the device. The control includes adjusting the inlet and outlet water rates of the peristaltic pump and controlling the on / off state of the simulated light source 2 to optimize the contact time between wastewater and photocatalyst, improve degradation efficiency, and adjust the light intensity of the device to provide different lighting conditions to ensure that the degradation conditions meet the experimental requirements. The remote control module is existing technology, and its specific principles for acquiring and transmitting data and controlling and adjusting various components will not be elaborated here.

[0057] Example 2:

[0058] The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, the pore size of the semi-permeable membrane in different degradation chambers 8 is different, and the pore size of the semi-permeable membrane decreases from top to bottom, so as to filter the water in the chamber step by step, ensuring the filtration effect of the water, thereby further ensuring the degradation effect. The mounting base of the photocatalytic degradation structure 4 is equipped with a driving device, which is a servo motor. The driving device drives the water to rotate in the opposite direction to the water flow direction, so as to form a vortex in its vicinity, slow down the water flow rate, and increase the contact time between the photocatalyst coating and the water, thereby ensuring the degradation effect. In actual use, the pore size of the semi-permeable membrane can be set according to requirements.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar-powered photocatalytic degradation experimental device for pollutants, characterized in that, It includes a housing (1), a light source (2), a solar power generation module (3), a photocatalytic degradation structure (4), and a filter structure (5); The box (1) is tilted and the tilt angle can be adjusted. Multiple degradation chambers (8) are arranged in series from top to bottom inside the box (1). The photocatalytic degradation structure (4) is rotatably arranged inside the degradation chamber (8). When the water flows in the degradation chamber, it can drive the photocatalytic degradation structure to rotate. The filter structure (5) is arranged inside the degradation chamber (8). The light source (2) is arranged on the box (1) and electrically connected to the solar power generation module (3). The photocatalytic degradation structure (4) can use the light source (2) and / or sunlight to degrade pollutants in the water sample in the degradation chamber (8). The photocatalytic degradation structure (4) includes a mounting base (41) and multiple photocatalyst coating sheets (42) rotatably mounted on the mounting base (41) via a connecting shaft (43). The multiple photocatalyst coating sheets (42) are arranged radially on the outer periphery of the connecting shaft with the connecting shaft axis as the center. The mounting base is detachably mounted on the bottom plate of the housing (1). The filter structure (5) is a semi-permeable membrane, and the bottom plate of the box (1) is provided with an installation groove, and the semi-permeable membrane can be detachably installed in the installation groove.

2. The solar-powered photocatalytic degradation experimental device for pollutants according to claim 1, characterized in that, The degradation chamber (8) is arranged horizontally inside the box (1). The water inlet of the degradation chamber (8) located at the top is connected to the water inlet tank (6), and the water outlet of the degradation chamber (8) located at the bottom is connected to the water collection tank (7).

3. The solar-powered photocatalytic degradation experimental device for pollutants according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a base (9), and the housing (1) is connected to the base via a lifting adjustment structure (11).

4. The solar-powered photocatalytic degradation experimental device for pollutants according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (1) is equipped with a reflector (10).

5. The solar-powered photocatalytic degradation experimental device for pollutants according to claim 2, characterized in that, The water collection tank (7) is equipped with a data detection sensor.

6. The solar-powered photocatalytic degradation experimental device for pollutants according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solar power generation module (3) includes a solar panel and a power module (31). The solar panel is located on the underside of the bottom plate of the housing (1), and the power module is located on the housing (1) and electrically connected to the solar panel.

7. The solar-powered photocatalytic degradation experimental device for pollutants according to claim 2, characterized in that, A peristaltic pump (12) is provided between the water inlet tank (6) and the upper degradation chamber (8), and between the water collection tank (7) and the lower degradation chamber (8).

Images