Organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of fertilizers, the organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0-65% of a nitrogen source raw material, 0-70% of a phosphorus source raw material, 0-70% of a potassium source raw material, 10-15% of organic matters and 0.35-3% of medium trace elements. The prepared organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer is good in water solubility, can be used for drip irrigation, spray irrigation, flushing application, broadcast application, hole application, furrow application and the like, can improve the granular structure of soil, loosen the soil, promote the development of root systems, improve the utilization rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and trace elements in metal and improve the quality of agricultural products, and is a fertilizer which is convenient to use, labor-saving and environment-friendly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to an organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Farmyard manure has not been applied to farmland for a long time, and the amount of straw returned to the field has gradually decreased, resulting in a long-term lack of soil organic matter. In addition, the excessive application of chemical nitrogen fertilizers has aggravated the depletion of soil carbon, and ultimately led to a serious lack of soil organic matter. The reduction of soil organic matter has caused a series of soil problems, including soil acidification and secondary salinization, soil structure destruction, low soil fertility, and aggravation of soil-borne diseases. In addition, unreasonable fertilization has led to an imbalance of nutrients in the soil, and the quality of crops and agricultural products grown is poor.

[0003] With the modernization of agricultural technology and land transfer in my country, the scale of planting has gradually expanded, and the demand for "labor-saving, fertilizer-saving, and efficiency-enhancing" fertilization methods has become increasingly prominent; by 2020, mechanical fertilization will account for more than 40% of the planting area of ​​major crops, an increase of 10 percentage points, and the promotion area of ​​water-fertilizer integration will be 150 million mu, an increase of 80 million mu. Therefore, in order to solve the problems of lack of organic matter and trace elements in the soil and their use, an organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizer has been specially developed.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the existing problems, the present invention provides an organic and inorganic fertilizer which can provide organic matter, macroelements, and medium and trace elements to the soil and can be applied to the integration of water and fertilizer.

[0006] The first purpose of the present invention is to provide an organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer, which is made of the following raw materials in weight ratio: 0% to 65% of nitrogen source raw material, 0% to 70% of phosphorus source raw material, 0% to 70% of potassium source raw material, 10% to 15% of organic matter and 0.35% to 3% of trace elements.

[0007] In some preferred embodiments, the organic matter is modified starch.

[0008] In some preferred embodiments, the preparation method of the modified starch comprises the following steps: mixing starch and sodium chloride solution, heating to 80-90°C to form a paste-like starch slurry, then uniformly mixing 100-150 parts by weight of starch slurry, 10-15 parts by weight of a mixed emulsion of citric acid and epoxidized soybean oil, and 2-5 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, and reacting at 80°C to 100°C for 10-20h to obtain a modified starch slurry; finally, placing the modified starch slurry in a vacuum drying oven at 70-90°C for drying for 24-48h, placing the dried contents in a grinder, and continuously grinding for 5-10min to obtain the modified starch.

[0009] In some preferred embodiments, the mass concentration of starch in the starch slurry is 60% to 80%.

[0010] In some preferred embodiments, the mass ratio of citric acid to epoxidized soybean oil in the citric acid and epoxidized soybean oil mixed emulsion is 1:0.2-0.5, the concentration of the citric acid and epoxidized soybean oil mixed emulsion is 30-40wt%; the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is 10-20wt%.

[0011] In some preferred embodiments, the nitrogen source raw material includes at least one of urea, ammonium sulfate and ammonium bicarbonate; the phosphorus source raw material includes at least one of monoammonium phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate; the potassium source raw material includes at least one of potassium chloride and potassium sulfate; the trace elements include boron-containing raw materials, zinc-containing raw materials, and manganese-containing raw materials; the boron-containing raw material is at least one of boric acid and borax; the zinc-containing raw material includes at least one of zinc chloride, zinc oxide and zinc sulfate; the manganese-containing raw material is manganese sulfate.

[0012] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer, the steps of which include: uniformly mixing a nitrogen source raw material, a phosphorus source raw material, a potassium source raw material, organic matter and medium and trace elements to obtain a mixed raw material, and preparing the mixed raw material into an organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer finished product with a moisture content of less than 1.5% by high-tower melt spray granulation or drum granulation or disc granulation.

[0013] In some preferred embodiments, during the high tower melt spraying granulation, the organic matter is added into the melting tank and the temperature is controlled at 110-130°C.

[0014] In some preferred embodiments, during the drum granulation, the concentration of the slurry prepared with the raw materials is controlled at 80%-90%.

[0015] The third object of the present invention is to provide an application of an organic or inorganic water-soluble fertilizer in drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, flushing, broadcasting, hole application or furrow application.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer prepared by the technical solution of the present invention can improve the effectiveness of medium and trace elements after adding organic matter, avoid the medium and trace elements from losing activity during the production process and in the soil, and has good water solubility, can be quickly dispersed and dissolved in water to ensure uniform distribution of fertilizer nutrients, which is conducive to efficient absorption by plants; and the special molecular structure in the organic matter can enhance the adsorption and water retention of the fertilizer in the soil, improve the soil aggregate structure, promote soil ventilation and water permeability, and create an excellent growth environment for plant roots.

[0018] 2. The organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizer prepared by the technical solution of the present invention is simple to prepare and can be used for drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, flushing, broadcasting, hole application, furrow application, etc. It is easy to use and saves labor and effort when used for water-fertilizer integration. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. If the specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments used is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0020] The following is a detailed description of an organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizer provided by the present invention and its preparation method and application.

[0021] The organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer provided by the invention is prepared from the following raw materials in weight ratio: 0% to 65% of nitrogen source raw material, 0% to 70% of phosphorus source raw material, 0% to 70% of potassium source raw material, 10% to 15% of organic matter and 0.35% to 3% of medium and trace elements.

[0022] Organic matter and inorganic nutrients work together to make fertilizers more effective. For example, organic matter can promote the movement and diffusion of inorganic nutrients in the soil, making them easier to be absorbed by crop roots and improving the effect of fertilization.

[0023] In addition, organic matter has some unique characteristics. First, organic matter has good water absorption and water retention. It can absorb and retain a large amount of water, reduce water evaporation and loss, improve the water retention capacity of the soil, and enable the soil to provide a relatively stable water supply for crops under drought conditions, which is beneficial to crop growth. It can also form a good aggregate structure in the soil, increase soil porosity, improve soil aeration and water permeability, promote root respiration and nutrient absorption, make root growth stronger, and enhance the resistance of crops to lodging. Second, organic matter can promote microbial activity. Organic matter provides carbon sources and energy for microorganisms in the soil, promotes the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, and increases the number and types of beneficial microorganisms in the soil. Microorganisms can convert nitrogen in the air into nitrogen that can be absorbed by crops, decompose insoluble nutrients such as phosphorus and potassium in the soil, improve soil fertility, and help maintain the ecological balance of the soil, inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms, and reduce the occurrence of soil-borne diseases. At the same time, the humus and other substances produced by its decomposition can also provide a good habitat for microorganisms, enhance the activity and metabolic function of soil microorganisms, and promote the circulation and transformation of substances in the soil.

[0024] In some preferred embodiments, the organic matter is modified starch.

[0025] Modified starch is a product obtained by changing the structure and properties of natural starch through physical, chemical or enzymatic methods. It retains the basic carbon chain structure of starch and has some new properties, such as better solubility, stability, film-forming properties, etc. As a source of organic matter in organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers, it has unique advantages. The molecular structure of modified starch contains a certain amount of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and other elements. In the soil environment, it can be gradually decomposed by microorganisms to release some small molecular organic compounds. These compounds can provide carbon sources for soil microorganisms. Microorganisms will release nutrients that can be absorbed by plants during metabolism, thereby achieving slow release of nutrients and continuously providing nutrition for crop growth. At the same time, it can also serve as a good carrier of trace elements, and the functional groups in it can be combined with some metal trace elements (such as zinc, iron, etc.). After the fertilizer is applied to the soil, as the starch decomposes, these trace elements can be released in a form that is easier for plants to absorb, thereby improving the effectiveness of trace elements.

[0026] In some preferred embodiments, the preparation method of the modified starch comprises the following steps: mixing starch and sodium chloride solution, heating to 80-90°C to form a paste-like starch slurry, then uniformly mixing 100-150 parts by weight of starch slurry, 10-15 parts by weight of a mixed emulsion of citric acid and epoxidized soybean oil, and 2-5 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, and reacting at 80°C to 100°C for 10-20h to obtain a modified starch slurry; finally, placing the modified starch slurry in a vacuum drying oven at 70-90°C for drying for 24-48h, placing the dried contents in a grinder, and continuously grinding for 5-10min to obtain the modified starch.

[0027] In some preferred embodiments, the mass concentration of starch in the starch slurry is 60% to 80%.

[0028] In some preferred embodiments, the mass ratio of citric acid to epoxidized soybean oil in the citric acid and epoxidized soybean oil mixed emulsion is 1:0.2-0.5, the concentration of the citric acid and epoxidized soybean oil mixed emulsion is 30-40wt%; the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is 10-20wt%.

[0029] In the preparation process of modified starch, citric acid and epoxidized soybean oil mixed emulsion play a key role. Citric acid can adjust the pH value of the reaction system to promote starch chemical reactions. As a cross-linking agent, it changes the molecular structure of starch, enhances stability and water resistance, and has an antioxidant function to maintain the chemical integrity of starch. Epoxidized soybean oil mixed emulsion plays a plasticizing role, improving the flexibility and plasticity of starch, facilitating its dispersion in fertilizers and controlling nutrient release. At the same time, it enhances the thermal stability and chemical stability of starch, preventing it from undergoing adverse changes during processing, storage and use, and can adjust the balance between starch hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity to achieve a better slow-release effect. The synergistic effect of the two helps improve the performance of modified starch.

[0030] Polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution plays many important roles. It can not only thicken the reaction system, make the starch granules evenly dispersed, and maintain the integrity of the granules during fertilizer granulation due to its good adhesion; it can also improve the stability of modified starch by forming a protective film around the starch molecules to resist damage from external factors; it can also improve water solubility and dispersibility, ensure that fertilizer nutrients are quickly and evenly released in water and adjust the dissolution rate to achieve slow release; in addition, its good film-forming property can form a film around soil or fertilizer particles, reduce nutrient loss and control nutrient release, thereby comprehensively improving the performance of modified starch in related applications.

[0031] In some preferred embodiments, the nitrogen source raw material includes at least one of urea, ammonium sulfate and ammonium bicarbonate; the phosphorus source raw material includes at least one of monoammonium phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate; the potassium source raw material includes at least one of potassium chloride and potassium sulfate; the trace elements include boron-containing raw materials, zinc-containing raw materials, and manganese-containing raw materials; the boron-containing raw material is at least one of boric acid and borax; the zinc-containing raw material includes at least one of zinc chloride, zinc oxide and zinc sulfate; the manganese-containing raw material is manganese sulfate.

[0032] Nitrogen is one of the most important macroelements in plant growth. Adding nitrogen source raw materials to fertilizers can provide crops with sufficient nitrogen nutrition and promote leaf growth. For example, in vegetable cultivation, sufficient nitrogen can make the leaves dark green and increase their area. This is because nitrogen participates in the synthesis of chlorophyll, which is a key substance for photosynthesis. More chlorophyll means stronger photosynthesis ability, which can produce more organic matter and provide a material basis for crop growth and yield formation.

[0033] Phosphorus is a component of many important compounds in plants, such as nucleic acids and phospholipids. Adding phosphorus source materials to fertilizers can provide plants with sufficient phosphorus. Phosphorus plays a key role in promoting the division and elongation of root cells. For example, when transplanting flower or vegetable seedlings, applying phosphorus-containing fertilizers can make the roots of seedlings adapt to the new environment and grow faster. For example, in corn planting, an appropriate amount of phosphorus can make the corn root system more developed, the main root is deeper, and the number of lateral roots increases, which can enhance the root system's ability to absorb water and nutrients from the soil.

[0034] Potassium, as one of the three main nutrients in the soil, can firstly enhance the ability of crops to resist drought, cold and disease. Secondly, it can improve the quality of crops, promote photosynthesis and the transport of photosynthetic products. Finally, potassium can balance soil nutrients and improve soil fertility.

[0035] Since the content of trace elements in the parent material of the soil itself is low, or during the long-term agricultural planting process, the crops absorb a large amount of trace elements, which leads to insufficient supplementation. Therefore, adding trace elements to fertilizers can directly supplement the lacking elements in the soil and improve the fertility of the soil. The proper supply of trace elements can maintain the balance of the soil ecosystem. When there are sufficient trace elements in the soil, the types and quantities of soil microorganisms will be more reasonable, and they will cooperate with each other to decompose organic matter, fix nutrients and other functions. This helps to form a healthy soil ecological environment and promote the virtuous cycle of the entire agricultural ecosystem.

[0036] Zinc is a component of many enzymes, including carbonic anhydrase, which is involved in the fixation of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis. Adding zinc to fertilizers can promote photosynthesis, thereby increasing the dry matter accumulation of crops and improving yields. Boron is particularly important for the reproductive growth of crops. It can promote pollen germination and pollen tube elongation. Adding boron to fruit tree fertilizers can effectively increase the fruit setting rate and make the fruit fuller. Manganese is also involved in the plant's immune response. It can activate the plant's defense genes, allowing the plant to start its defense mechanism faster when facing diseases.

[0037] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for preparing an organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer, the steps of which include: uniformly mixing a nitrogen source raw material, a phosphorus source raw material, a potassium source raw material, organic matter and medium and trace elements to obtain a mixed raw material, and preparing the mixed raw material into an organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer finished product with a moisture content of less than 1.5% through high-tower melt spray granulation or drum granulation or disc granulation.

[0038] The use of high tower melt spray granulation, drum granulation or disc granulation to prepare fertilizers not only has relatively low energy consumption in the production process, but also has high production flexibility and is more environmentally friendly, meeting the requirements of modern green production.

[0039] In some preferred embodiments, during the high tower melt spraying granulation, the organic matter is added into the melting tank and the temperature is controlled at 110-130°C.

[0040] In some preferred embodiments, during the drum granulation, the concentration of the slurry prepared with the raw materials is controlled at 80%-90%.

[0041] Finally, the present application provides an application of an organic or inorganic water-soluble fertilizer in drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, flushing, broadcasting, hole application or furrow application.

[0042] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] The present embodiment provides an organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer, which is made of the following raw materials in the following weight ratio: 28% urea, 18% monoammonium phosphate, 3.5% potassium chloride, 40.15% potassium sulfate, 10% modified starch, 0.15% boric acid, 0.1% zinc sulfate and 0.1% manganese sulfate.

[0045] The preparation method of the above organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizer:

[0046] Put urea into a dissolving tank and melt it at 120°C. First add part of the raw materials, then add the remaining raw materials according to the slurry concentration, and finally obtain a fully reacted and uniform mixed raw material.

[0047] The mixed raw materials after the reaction are sprayed down from the top of the tower through a special differential spray granulator for the tower. During the falling process, the materials are countercurrently contacted with the cold air rising from the bottom of the tower, and are quickly cooled and solidified into particles. Then, natural air cooling or forced air cooling is used to reduce the particle temperature to around room temperature. The cooled fertilizer particles are graded and screened through screening equipment to separate large and small particles that do not meet the particle size requirements, so that particles with a particle size of 2.0-4.0mm account for more than 90%.

[0048] Finally, the qualified fertilizer particles are sprayed with anti-caking powder and anti-caking oil to prepare organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers, and the moisture content of the finished product is 1%.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] The other steps and parameters of this embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1, except that:

[0051] The organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer is made of the following raw materials in the following weight ratio: 40% urea, 16.15% monoammonium phosphate, 3.5% potassium chloride, 25% potassium sulfate, 15% modified starch, 0.15% boric acid, 0.1% zinc sulfate and 0.1% manganese sulfate, and the temperature of the dissolving tank is controlled at 130°C.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] The other steps and parameters of this embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 2, except that:

[0054] The organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer is made of the following raw materials in the following weight ratio: 60% urea, 5% ammonium sulfate, 23.7% potassium chloride, 10% modified starch, 0.3% boric acid, 0.5% zinc sulfate and 0.5% manganese sulfate.

[0055] Example 4

[0056] The present embodiment provides an organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer, which is made of the following raw materials in the following weight ratio: 70% monoammonium phosphate, 12% potassium sulfate, 15% modified starch, 1% boric acid, 1% zinc sulfate and 1% manganese sulfate.

[0057] The preparation method of the above organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizer:

[0058] All the above-mentioned raw materials are mixed together, and the mixture is stirred and reacted for a period of time to obtain a mixed raw material.

[0059] The mixed raw materials are sent to the disc granulator. Through the rotation of the disc, the materials are continuously rolled and rubbed in the cylinder to gradually form particles. During the granulation process, steam or water can be sprayed as needed to promote the bonding and agglomeration of the materials. Then the wet particles after granulation are sent to the dryer, dried by hot air to remove moisture, so that the particles reach a certain degree of dryness, and the dried particles are screened by screening equipment to remove oversized or undersized particles, so that the particles with a particle size of 2.0-4.0mm account for more than 90%, and the particle products that meet the requirements are obtained. Then the screened particles are sent to the cooler, cooled by cold air to reduce the temperature.

[0060] Finally, the qualified fertilizer particles are sprayed with anti-caking powder and anti-caking oil to prepare organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizer, and the moisture content of the finished product is 1.35%.

[0061] Example 5

[0062] The present embodiment provides an organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer, which is made of the following raw materials in the following weight ratio: 14.65% urea, 5% ammonium bicarbonate, 70% potassium sulfate, 10% modified starch, 0.15% boric acid, 0.1% zinc sulfate and 0.1% manganese sulfate.

[0063] The urea and water are heated to melt, the slurry concentration is controlled at 85%, and the remaining prepared raw materials are mixed together to ensure uniform distribution of nutrients.

[0064] The mixed raw materials are sent to the drum granulator. As the drum rotates, the urea slurry is evenly sprayed on the remaining raw materials. As the materials continue to roll and rub in the drum, they gradually form granules. During the granulation process, steam or water can be sprayed as needed to promote the bonding and agglomeration of the materials. Then the wet granules after granulation are sent to the dryer, dried by hot air to remove moisture, so that the moisture content of the granules is controlled below 1.5%. The dried granules are screened by screening equipment to remove oversized or undersized particles, so that the particles with a particle size of 2.0-4.75mm account for more than 90%. Then the screened granules are sent to the cooler, cooled by cold air to reduce the temperature.

[0065] Finally, the qualified fertilizer particles are sprayed with anti-caking powder and anti-caking oil to prepare organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizer, and the moisture content of the finished product is 1.2%.

[0066] Example 6

[0067] The other steps and parameters of this embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 5, except that:

[0068] The organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer is made of the following raw materials in the following weight ratio: 40% urea, 44% monoammonium phosphate, 15% modified starch, 0.5% boric acid, 0.3% zinc sulfate and 0.2% manganese sulfate, and the slurry concentration is controlled at 80%.

[0069] Test Example 1

[0070] The organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizer prepared in Example 1 was diluted 200-250 times and drip-irrigated on tomatoes. During the fruiting period, 10 kg of fertilizer was drip-irrigated once every 10 days to loosen the soil.

[0071] The water-soluble organic-inorganic compound fertilizer 14-8-24 was used as the control group, and drip irrigation was applied to tomatoes. Three replicates were set for each treatment, and each replicate was 20 square meters. At harvest, 10 plants were randomly selected from each replicate to measure root weight and soluble sugar, and the bulk density of the cultivated layer soil was measured using the plum blossom method. The tomatoes planted in Example 1 were compared, and the results are shown in Table 1, and the data in the table are all average values.

[0072] Table 1. Tomato planting experiment

[0073]

[0074] According to the test results, the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers provided in this embodiment have significantly increased root weight, fruit soluble sugar content and soil bulk density compared to the control group. The root weight of tomatoes cultivated with the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers in this embodiment increased by 23.6%, indicating that they have a more developed root system and stronger absorption capacity; the fruit soluble sugar content increased by 35.7%, and the sweetness of the fruit increased; the soil bulk density increased by 8%, indicating that the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers in the embodiment will also improve the soil at the same time.

[0075] Test Example 2

[0076] The organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers in Example 2 are used for greenhouse cucumber cultivation. They are diluted 250-300 times at the cucumber seedling stage, vine extension stage, and fruit bearing stage, and applied three times during the entire growth period by spray irrigation, drip irrigation, or flushing. This can promote the growth of cucumber roots and increase the soluble sugar and soluble solids content of cucumbers.

[0077] The water-soluble organic-inorganic compound fertilizer 20-8-15 was used as the control group for greenhouse cucumber cultivation. Three replicates were set for each treatment, and each replicate was 20 square meters. At the time of harvest, 10 plants were randomly selected from each replicate to measure the root weight, and the soluble sugar and soluble solids of the fruit were measured to compare with the cucumbers planted in Example 2. The results are shown in Table 2, and the data in the table are all average values.

[0078] Table 2. Cucumber planting experiment

[0079]

[0080] According to the test results, the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizer provided in this embodiment has significantly increased root weight, soluble sugar content and soluble solid content compared with the control group. The root weight of cucumbers cultivated with the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizer in this embodiment increased by 31.1%, indicating that they have a more developed root system and stronger absorption capacity; the soluble sugar content increased by 11.3%, and the sweetness of the fruit increased; the soluble solid content increased by 14.12%, indicating that the nutrients in the cucumbers increased and the maturity of the cucumbers also increased.

[0081] Test Example 3

[0082] The organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers in Example 3 are used for greenhouse spinach planting. 5-10 kg is used for fertilizer application during the seedling stage and 20-25 kg is used for fertilizer application during the vigorous growth period. The fertilizers are diluted 250-300 times for spraying and then sprayed with clean water.

[0083] The water-soluble organic-inorganic compound fertilizer 30-0-14 was used as the control group for greenhouse spinach cultivation. Three replicates were set for each treatment, and each replicate was 20 square meters. During the planting process, the disease infection was monitored and the number of infected plants was recorded. At harvest, the yield of each replicate was measured, and 10 spinach plants were randomly selected from each replicate to measure the vitamin C content, which was compared with the spinach obtained by planting in Example 3. The results are shown in Table 3. The data in the table are average values, and the yield per mu is the yield converted from the average value.

[0084] Table 3. Spinach planting experiment

[0085]

[0086] According to the test results, the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizer provided in this embodiment has a significant increase in yield and vitamin C content, and a significant decrease in disease infection rate compared to the control group. The yield of spinach cultivated with the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizer in this embodiment increased by 18.2%, indicating that the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizer improved the absorption of spinach and increased the yield of spinach; the vitamin C content increased by 4.3%, which improved the nutritional value of spinach, and the increase in vitamin C means that spinach is in a good state during the growth process and obtains sufficient nutrient supply; the disease infection rate decreased by 10.4%, and the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizer effectively improved the disease and pest resistance of spinach.

[0087] Test Example 4

[0088] The organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers in Example 4 were used for sweet corn planting as base fertilizer, 30 kg per mu.

[0089] The water-soluble organic-inorganic compound fertilizer 7-35-7 was used as a control group for sweet corn planting. Three replicates were set for each treatment, and each replicate was 20 square meters. At harvest, the yield of each replicate was measured, and 10 plants were randomly selected from each replicate to measure the root weight and the phosphorus content in the plants. The phosphorus utilization rate was calculated according to the formula: phosphorus fertilizer utilization rate = effective phosphorus absorbed by the crop ÷ effective phosphorus in the applied phosphorus fertilizer × 100%. The results were compared with the sweet corn planted in Example 4. The results are shown in Table 4. The data in the table are average values, and the yield per mu is the yield converted from the average value.

[0090] Table 4. Sweet corn planting experiment

[0091]

[0092] According to the test results, the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers provided in this embodiment have significantly increased the yield, phosphorus utilization rate and root weight compared to the control group. The yield of sweet corn cultivated with the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers in this embodiment increased by 13.2%, indicating that the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers improved the absorption of sweet corn and increased the yield of sweet corn; the phosphorus utilization rate increased by 10% and the root weight increased by 15.4%, indicating that the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers can improve the phosphorus utilization rate, promote the growth of the sweet corn root system, and increase the yield of sweet corn.

[0093] Test Example 5

[0094] The organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers in Example 5 were used for strawberry planting and topdressing during the fruit swelling period. They were diluted 300 times and drip-irrigated at 10 kg per mu each time.

[0095] The water-soluble organic-inorganic compound fertilizer 8-0-35 was used as a control group for strawberry planting. Three replicates were set for each treatment, and each replicate was 20 square meters. At harvest, soluble sugar, protein and vitamin C were measured in fruits of 10 plants randomly taken from each replicate, and compared with the strawberries planted in Example 5. The results are shown in Table 5, and the data in the table are average values.

[0096] Table 5. Strawberry planting experiment

[0097]

[0098]

[0099] According to the test results, the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizer provided in this embodiment has a significant increase in the content of soluble sugar, protein and vitamin C compared with the control group, which increased by 14.8%, 22.7% and 20% respectively, indicating that the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizer improves the quality of strawberries, increases the nutritional content of strawberries, and is beneficial to improving the commercial value of strawberries.

[0100] Test Example 6

[0101] The organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers in Example 6 were used for rice planting as base fertilizer at a rate of 25 kg per mu.

[0102] The water-soluble organic-inorganic compound fertilizer 22-22-0 was used as a control group for rice planting. Three replicates were set for each treatment, and each replicate was 40 square meters. At harvest, the yield of each replicate was measured, and 20 plants were randomly selected from each replicate to measure the root weight and the number of effective tillers, which were compared with the rice planted in Example 6. The results are shown in Table 5. The data in the table are average values, and the yield per mu is the yield converted from the average value.

[0103] Table 6. Rice planting experiment

[0104]

[0105] According to the test results, the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers provided in this embodiment have significantly increased root weight, effective tiller number and yield compared with the control group, which increased by 23.1%, 18.2% and 19% respectively, indicating that organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers can promote the growth of the root system. Studies have shown that there is a great correlation between root growth and rice yield; organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers can increase the effective tiller number of rice, thereby laying the foundation for increasing rice yield. The final results show that organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers can increase rice yield.

[0106] In summary, the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers provided by the embodiments of the present invention can effectively improve the root system of crops, make their nutrient absorption more sufficient, thereby increasing the yield of crops or improving the quality of agricultural products, compared with the existing water-soluble organic and inorganic compound fertilizers in the planting of tomatoes, cucumbers, spinach, sweet corn, strawberries and rice. This is sufficient to prove that the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers provided by the embodiments of the present invention can improve the soil aggregate structure, loosen the soil, promote root development, promote the release of phosphorus in the soil, improve the utilization rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and trace elements, and improve the quality of agricultural products.

[0107] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizer, characterized in that: The invention is prepared from the following raw materials in weight proportion: 0% to 65% of nitrogen source raw materials, 0% to 70% of phosphorus source raw materials, 0% to 70% of potassium source raw materials, 10% to 15% of organic matter and 0.35% to 3% of medium and trace elements.

2. An organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic matter is modified starch.

3. A kind of organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The preparation method of the modified starch comprises the following steps: mixing starch and sodium chloride solution, heating at 80-90° C. to obtain a paste-like starch slurry, then uniformly mixing 100-150 parts by weight of the starch slurry, 10-15 parts by weight of a mixed emulsion of citric acid and epoxidized soybean oil, and 2-5 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, and reacting at 80° C. to 100° C. for 10-20 hours to obtain a modified starch slurry; and finally placing the modified starch slurry in a vacuum drying oven at 70-90° C. for drying for 24-48 hours, placing the dried contents in a pulverizer, and continuously pulverizing for 5-10 minutes to obtain the modified starch.

4. An organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mass concentration of starch in the starch slurry is 60% to 80%.

5. An organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mass ratio of citric acid to epoxidized soybean oil in the mixed emulsion of citric acid and epoxidized soybean oil is 1:0.2-0.5, and the concentration of the mixed emulsion of citric acid and epoxidized soybean oil is 30-40wt%; the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is 10-20wt%.

6. An organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nitrogen source raw material includes at least one of urea, ammonium sulfate and ammonium bicarbonate; the phosphorus source raw material includes at least one of monoammonium phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate; the potassium source raw material includes at least one of potassium chloride and potassium sulfate; the trace elements include boron-containing raw materials, zinc-containing raw materials, and manganese-containing raw materials; the boron-containing raw material is at least one of boric acid and borax; the zinc-containing raw material includes at least one of zinc chloride, zinc oxide and zinc sulfate; and the manganese-containing raw material is manganese sulfate.

7. A method for preparing an organic or inorganic water-soluble fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: uniformly mixing nitrogen source raw materials, phosphorus source raw materials, potassium source raw materials, organic matter and medium and trace elements to obtain mixed raw materials, and preparing the mixed raw materials into organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizer products with a moisture content of less than 1.5% through high-tower melt spray granulation, drum granulation or disc granulation.

8. The organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 7, characterized in that During the high tower melt spraying granulation, the organic matter is added into the melting tank and the temperature is controlled at 110-130°C.

9. The organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 7, characterized in that: During the drum granulation, the concentration of the slurry prepared by using the mixed raw materials is controlled at 80%-90%.

10. Use of an organic or inorganic water-soluble fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 in drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, flushing, broadcasting, hole application or furrow application.

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