Integrated optical path of microminiature fiber-optic gyroscope
By adopting integrated optical paths in fiber gyroscopes, integrating transceiver and reception microsystems and angular velocity-sensitive units, the problems of large volume and low integration of traditional optical paths are solved, and the miniaturization and high performance improvement of fiber gyroscopes are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411850788.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-11
AI Technical Summary
The gyro optical paths of traditional discrete optical devices have problems such as large size and low integration, which makes it difficult for fiber gyros to achieve miniaturization and lightweight design, affecting accuracy and reliability.
The integrated optical path of micro-fiber fiber gyroscope is adopted to achieve the integration of optical devices and the miniaturization of optical paths by integrating transceiver and reception microsystems and angular velocity-sensitive units. The integrated transceiver and receiving microsystem realizes the integration of optical devices through silicon-based hybrid integration. The angular velocity-sensitive unit is composed of an ultra-micro optical signal modulation unit and a small diameter angular velocity-sensitive ring.
It realizes the miniaturization and lightweight of fiber gyroscopes, improves the reliability and assembly efficiency of fiber gyroscopes, and meets the high-performance needs of fiber gyroscopes.
Smart Images
Figure CN119803435A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the field of inertial sensor measurement and is an integrated optical path of a micro-sized optical fiber gyroscope. Background Art
[0002] Fiber optic gyroscopes are the core units of inertial navigation and guidance, which directly affect the guidance accuracy. Therefore, the development of high-performance fiber optic gyroscopes can effectively enhance scientific and technological strength. With the rapid increase in demand for inertial devices in the fields of micro-nano satellites, portable equipment, and drones, the optical solutions of traditional discrete devices can no longer meet the design and application requirements of high-performance fiber optic gyroscopes. The optical path system is the core sensing unit of the fiber optic gyroscope. The integration of the optical path is conducive to improving the reliability and production efficiency of high-performance fiber optic gyroscopes and reducing costs.
[0003] The gyroscope optical path of traditional discrete optical devices usually has the problems of large size and low integration. The optical devices in the traditional optical path are independent of each other, and the fiber winding connecting the devices takes up a large space, which is not conducive to the miniaturization and lightweight design of the fiber optic gyroscope; the discrete device will increase the complexity of assembly, which is not conducive to improving the production efficiency and reducing the cost of the gyroscope optical path.
[0004] In traditional optical paths, the volume of the Y-waveguide is usually larger than 20mm×8mm×3.2mm. During the integration and miniaturization of the optical path, the bending radius of the fiber pigtail will be compressed to a very small size, which seriously affects the accuracy and reliability of the gyroscope. Therefore, the current discrete optical device optical path design scheme can no longer meet the miniaturization requirements of the fiber-optic gyroscope. Summary of the invention
[0005] The technical problem solved by the present invention is: to overcome the problem that the existing solutions are not conducive to miniaturization, to provide an integrated optical path of a micro-fiber gyroscope, to achieve miniaturization and lightweight of the gyroscope optical path through miniaturized design and device integration, and to improve the reliability and assembly efficiency of the fiber optic gyroscope.
[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: an integrated optical path of a micro-fiber gyroscope, including: an integrated transceiver microsystem and an angular velocity sensitive unit; the integrated transceiver microsystem integrates the detection light signal output, sensitive light information reception and conversion, and light signal path guidance functions; the angular velocity sensitive unit realizes the loading of the rotation rate in the light signal, and realizes the modulation of the light signal by the electrical signal; the integrated transceiver microsystem and the angular velocity sensitive unit are connected by optical fiber, and are assembled on the optical path assembly structure to form the integrated optical path of the micro-fiber gyroscope.
[0007] Furthermore, the integrated transceiver microsystem realizes optical device integration through silicon-based hybrid integration.
[0008] Furthermore, the optical device includes a light source, a detector, and a coupler; the light source realizes the conversion of electrical signals into optical signals and provides a sensing light beam for the measuring unit; the detector realizes the conversion of the sensing light beam carrying the measured information into an electrical signal for external output; the coupler realizes the accurate control of the optical transmission path; the sensing light beam in the light source enters the sensing unit through the coupler, and the sensing light beam returned by the sensing unit with the measured information reaches the detector through the coupler.
[0009] Compared with the prior art, the optical path adopted by the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
[0010] 1. The optical path provided by the present invention only includes an integrated transceiver microsystem and an angular velocity sensitive unit, wherein the angular velocity sensitive unit is composed of an ultra-micro optical signal modulation unit and a small-diameter angular velocity sensitive ring.
[0011] 2. The size of the integrated transceiver microsystem in the present invention is 17.8 mm × 12.6 mm × 7.2 mm, the volume of the ultra-micro optical signal modulation unit is 12 mm × 4 mm × 2 mm, and the external size of the sensitive unit is Φ30 mm × 13 mm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the integrated optical path of a micro-fiber gyroscope of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0013] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the drawings, U1 is an optoelectronic transceiver microsystem; U2 is an angular velocity sensitive unit; U21 is an ultra-micro optical signal modulator; and U22 is a small-diameter angular velocity sensitive ring.
[0014] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is an integrated optical path of a micro-sized fiber optic gyroscope, including: an integrated transceiver microsystem U1 and an angular velocity sensitive unit U2.
[0015] The integrated transceiver microsystem U1 realizes the integration of optical devices through silicon-based hybrid integration technology, and realizes functions such as detection light signal output, signal light reception and conversion, and path guidance of light signals. The integrated transceiver microsystem and the angular velocity sensitive unit form an optical path closed loop to realize the measurement of rotational angular velocity.
[0016] In the integrated transceiver microsystem U1, the crosstalk of the detection light on signal reception and conversion is the same as the detected signal light and cannot be physically distinguished. In order to achieve high-precision measurement of angular velocity, it is necessary to reduce the crosstalk of the detection light on the signal light. This patent reduces the conversion voltage of the crosstalk light beam to less than 0.04V at a 200K transimpedance by constraining the light beam path and setting crosstalk light absorption measures.
[0017] The angular velocity sensitive unit U2 includes an ultra-micro optical signal modulator U21 and a small-diameter angular velocity sensitive ring U22. The ultra-micro optical signal modulator U21 has an outer dimension of 12mm×4mm×2mm, and it can be integrated with the small-diameter angular velocity sensitive ring U22 to form a sensitive unit. In the traditional optical path, the Y waveguide is usually separated from the position of the sensitive ring, which limits the miniaturization of the fiber optic gyroscope. In this scheme, the outer dimension of the sensitive unit is Φ30mm×13mm. The angular velocity sensitive unit U2 realizes the loading of the rotation rate in the optical signal and realizes the modulation of the optical signal by the electrical signal. The angular velocity sensitive unit U2 and the integrated transceiver microsystem U1 together form a closed-loop sensing optical path, whose input and output signals are both electrical signals, and there is no exchange of optical signals.
[0018] The integrated transceiver microsystem U1 achieves optical device integration through silicon-based hybrid integration technology, and its overall dimensions are 17.8mm×12.6mm×7.2mm.
[0019] The integrated transceiver microsystem U1 and the angular velocity sensitive unit U2 are connected by optical fiber and assembled on the optical path assembly structure to form an integrated optical path of the micro-fiber gyroscope. The modular optical path design is conducive to meeting various fiber optic gyroscope design requirements.
[0020] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the above disclosed methods and technical contents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.
[0021] The contents not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belong to the common knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims
1. An integrated optical path of a micro-sized fiber optic gyroscope, characterized in that: include: Integrated transceiver microsystem and angular velocity sensitive unit; The integrated transceiver microsystem integrates the detection optical signal output, sensitive optical information reception and conversion, and optical signal path guidance functions; the angular velocity sensitive unit realizes the loading of the rotation rate in the optical signal and realizes the modulation of the optical signal by the electrical signal; the integrated transceiver microsystem and the angular velocity sensitive unit are connected by optical fiber and assembled on the optical path assembly structure to form an integrated optical path of the micro-optical fiber gyroscope.
2. The integrated optical path of a micro-sized fiber optic gyroscope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated transceiver microsystem realizes optical device integration through silicon-based hybrid integration.
3. The integrated optical path of a micro-sized fiber optic gyroscope according to claim 2, characterized in that: The optical device includes a light source, a detector, and a coupler; The light source realizes the conversion from electrical signal to optical signal and provides a sensing beam for the measuring unit. The detector realizes the conversion of the sensing beam with the measured information into an electrical signal for external output. The coupler realizes the accurate control of the optical transmission path. The sensing beam in the light source enters the sensing unit through the coupler, and the sensing beam returned by the sensing unit with the measured information reaches the detector through the coupler.
4. The integrated optical path of a micro-fiber gyroscope according to claim 3, characterized in that: The integrated transceiver microsystem has an overall size of 17.8 mm×12.6 mm×7.2 mm.
5. The integrated optical path of a micro-sized fiber optic gyroscope according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both input and output signals are electrical signals.
6. The integrated optical path of a micro-sized fiber optic gyroscope according to claim 5, characterized in that: The crosstalk of optical signal changes on electrical signals in the integrated optical circuit is less than 0.04V.
7. The integrated optical path of a micro-sized fiber optic gyroscope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angular velocity sensitive unit comprises an ultra-micro optical signal modulation unit and a small-diameter angular velocity sensitive ring; the ultra-micro optical signal modulator has an outer dimension of 12 mm×4 mm×2 mm and is integrated with the small-diameter angular velocity sensitive ring.
8. The integrated optical path of a micro-sized fiber optic gyroscope according to claim 7, characterized in that: The small-diameter angular velocity sensitive ring adopts 60 / 100 μm panda core polarization-maintaining optical fiber.
9. The integrated optical path of a micro-sized fiber optic gyroscope according to claim 7, characterized in that: The dimensions of the angular velocity sensitive unit are Φ30mm×13mm.