Base station virtualization methods, apparatus, computer equipment and storage media

Abstract

This application relates to the field of communication technology, specifically to a base station virtualization method, apparatus, computer device, and storage medium. The base station virtualization method includes: installing a target chip and its driver on a target device; wherein the target chip is a multi-core architecture, including at least an APE kernel and an NPU kernel, the APE kernel being a MaPU structure, and the NPU kernel deploying a container engine; starting the target chip based on the driver, calling the container engine to build and deploy multiple containers, and packaging and storing the applications and services required by each service layer in the base station to be virtualized into different containers; configuring the interaction between each container and each base station service layer in the base station to be virtualized based on a pre-configured containerized architecture; running the service processes corresponding to each application in each container to obtain the containerized target virtualized base station. This provides a base station virtualization method with superior performance, higher flexibility, higher efficiency, and lower cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and more specifically, to a base station virtualization method, apparatus, computer equipment, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Base stations are a crucial component of mobile communications. They are radio communication stations that transmit information directly to mobile phone terminals within a defined radio coverage area, via a mobile communication switching center. Traditional base stations primarily consist of internal data processing systems and external signal transmission systems, effectively improving signal transmission quality and stability. However, base station construction places high demands on technical capabilities, limiting their practical application. This has spurred the development of virtual base stations. Virtual base stations utilize various hardware and software facilities combined with virtualization technology to create a virtual mobile network and provide users with corresponding technical services. Virtual base stations offer users a functional experience similar to traditional base stations, but with greater flexibility. Therefore, virtual base stations have garnered widespread attention since their emergence. However, current base station virtualization primarily relies on hardware equipment, resulting in higher flexibility and costs.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a more flexible and lower-cost base station virtualization method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a base station virtualization method, apparatus, computer equipment, and storage medium.

[0005] A first aspect of this application provides a base station virtualization method, comprising:

[0006] Install the target chip and its driver on the target device; wherein the target chip is a multi-core architecture, and the multi-core architecture includes at least an APE kernel and an NPU kernel, the APE kernel is a MaPU structure, and the NPU kernel is equipped with a container engine;

[0007] The target chip is started based on the driver, the container engine is called to build and deploy multiple containers, and the applications and services required by each service layer in the base station to be virtualized are packaged and stored in different containers.

[0008] The interaction between each container and the service layer of each base station in the base station to be virtualized is configured based on a pre-configured containerized architecture.

[0009] The service processes of each application are run in each container to obtain the containerized target virtualized base station.

[0010] In one optional embodiment of this application, the step of running the service processes corresponding to each application in each container to obtain the containerized target virtualized base station includes:

[0011] The service processes corresponding to each application are run in each container to obtain a containerized virtual base station;

[0012] The containerized virtual base station was subjected to performance testing, and the configuration and parameters of the container engine were adjusted based on the test results.

[0013] The containerized virtual base station is optimized based on the adjusted container engine to obtain the target virtualized base station.

[0014] In an optional embodiment of this application, the base station virtualization method further includes:

[0015] The operational status of the target virtualized base station is monitored;

[0016] If the operating status exceeds the preset normal range, restart the container engine to restart the target virtualized base station.

[0017] In an optional embodiment of this application, the base station virtualization method further includes:

[0018] The service processes of each container are constructed using container files; wherein, the container files include at least: the construction environment information and the runtime environment information of the base station high-level services;

[0019] The base station to be virtualized is redeployed, upgraded, or expanded based on the container file.

[0020] In an optional embodiment of this application, the base station virtualization method further includes:

[0021] Share the container file to other base stations that need to be virtualized;

[0022] The other base stations to be virtualized are rebuilt into corresponding images based on the container file, and the base stations are deployed based on the constructed images.

[0023] In one optional embodiment of this application, running the service process corresponding to each application in each container includes:

[0024] The v-CU unit in the target chip is invoked to run the RRC layer and PDCP layer processes of the base station to be virtualized, and the v-DU unit is invoked to run the RLC layer and MAC layer processes of the base station to be virtualized.

[0025] In one optional embodiment of this application, the step of invoking the container engine to build and deploy multiple containers includes:

[0026] Use the container commands or orchestration tools of the container engine to automate the container building and deployment of high-level services for virtualized base stations.

[0027] A second aspect of this application provides a base station virtualization apparatus, comprising:

[0028] An installation module is used to install the target chip and its driver on a target device; wherein the target chip is a multi-core architecture, and the multi-core architecture includes at least an APE kernel and an NPU kernel, the APE kernel is a MaPU structure, and the NPU kernel is equipped with a container engine;

[0029] The containerization module is used to start the target chip based on the driver, call the container engine to build and deploy multiple containers, and package and store the applications and services required by each service layer in the base station to be virtualized into different containers.

[0030] The configuration module is used to configure the interaction between each container and the service layer of each base station in the base station to be virtualized, based on the pre-configured containerized architecture.

[0031] The runtime module is used to run the service processes of the corresponding applications in each container to obtain the containerized target virtualized base station.

[0032] A third aspect of this application provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of any of the above methods.

[0033] A fourth aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in any of the preceding claims.

[0034] Firstly, this application embodiment provides a base station virtualization architecture through a multi-core architecture target chip. The physical layer of the base station to be virtualized runs on the APE kernel, thereby ensuring low latency and high-performance processing of the physical layer. The higher layers of the base station, such as the MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP layer, and RRC layer, run on a container engine started on the NPU kernel, realizing the virtualization of the higher service layers of the base station to be virtualized. That is, by introducing a container engine combined with a multi-core architecture target chip, base station virtualization is achieved, thereby improving the system performance of the base station, reducing network latency, and optimizing resource utilization.

[0035] Secondly, by leveraging the virtualization technology of the container engine, rapid deployment and expansion of the high-level service layer of the base station can be achieved, thereby improving system processing capabilities; by utilizing the resource isolation and limitation functions of the container engine, interference between high-level services of the base station can be reduced, thus reducing network latency; and by utilizing the dynamic resource allocation and scheduling functions of the container engine, optimized configuration and efficient utilization of base station resources can be achieved.

[0036] Thirdly, the APE kernel in this application embodiment adopts the MaPU architecture. The APE kernel adopts the MaPU architecture kernel, which has a highly programmable and unique soft core architecture that can be flexibly reconfigured according to various algorithms, thereby flexibly supporting 5G standard and non-standard protocols, and making later upgrades more convenient and efficient. The reconfigurable feature of the MaPU architecture means that users do not have to design a brand new chip for each new application, thereby reducing R&D costs, shortening development time, and speeding up product launch.

[0037] In summary, the embodiments of this application provide a base station virtualization method with better performance, greater flexibility, higher efficiency, and lower cost. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0039] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a base station virtualization method provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a base station virtualization method provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating a base station virtualization method provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating a base station virtualization method provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of each base station service layer in the target chip in a base station virtualization method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 6 This application provides an exemplary container system architecture in a target device within a base station virtualization method according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a base station virtualization device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of a computer device structure provided in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0047] In the process of developing this application, the inventors discovered that there is an urgent need for a more flexible and lower-cost base station virtualization method.

[0048] To address the aforementioned issues, embodiments of this application provide a base station virtualization method, apparatus, computer equipment, and storage medium.

[0049] The solutions in this application embodiment can be implemented using various computer languages, such as the object-oriented programming language Java and the interpreted scripting language JavaScript.

[0050] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the exemplary embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not an exhaustive list of all embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0051] Please see Figure 1 The base station virtualization method provided in this application includes the following steps 101-104:

[0052] Step 101: Install the target chip and its driver program on the target device;

[0053] The target device refers to an electronic device on which the target chip is installed, which can be a server, service station, computer, control equipment, etc., without exhaustive list. The target chip is a multi-core architecture, which includes at least an APE (Algebraic Processing Engine) core and an NPU (Neural Network Processing Unit) core. The NPU core is a MaPU (Mathematical Processing Unit) structure. The MaPU integrates the programmability and versatility of the CPU (Central Processing Unit), the flexibility of the FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), and the efficiency of the ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), supplemented by a highly efficient parallel data supply structure. It is a configurable soft "ASIC" architecture that uses software algorithms to control different path switches. This allows the chip to be flexibly reconfigured according to various algorithms, from computation and storage to scheduling. The hardware becomes an ASIC that can be flexibly configured according to different algorithms, with a performance-to-power ratio comparable to ASIC and a high degree of programmability. The APE kernel adopts the MaPU architecture kernel, which has a highly programmable and unique soft core architecture that can be flexibly reconfigured according to various algorithms, thereby flexibly supporting 5G standard and non-standard protocols, and making later upgrades more convenient and efficient.

[0054] The MaPU architecture combines flexibility and efficiency, making it particularly suitable for communication and computing chip applications with extremely high computing performance requirements, providing new ideas for data processing chip design. At the same time, the MaPU architecture is also reconfigurable, so users do not have to design a completely new chip for each new application, thereby reducing R&D costs, shortening development time, and accelerating product launch.

[0055] Meanwhile, the NPU kernel deploys a container engine (such as the Docker engine) and related dependencies. These dependencies include services and programs required for the base station's higher-level service layer to start, such as Python, etc., which will not be exhaustively listed here. The container engine is used to create and manage multiple containers. Docker is a platform-as-a-service (PaaS) product that uses operating system-level virtualization technology to package software and its dependencies into containers. The software that hosts these containers is called the Docker engine. The container engine is an open-source platform that can easily and quickly create a portable, lightweight runtime environment and packaging tools. It packages necessary applications and services into containers, running one or more corresponding service processes within each container. Unnecessary programs or service processes are not included in the containers, thus achieving lightweight design. Applications are automatically deployed in lightweight containers, resulting in faster startup speeds (up to seconds) and isolation between applications in different containers, enabling efficient operation and significantly reducing problems caused by inconsistent environments. This simplifies and standardizes the deployment process, improving the efficiency of base station virtualization.

[0056] Container engines isolate container processes, networks, messages, file systems, UTS, and operating system resources through six namespaces (PID, net, IPC, MNT, UTS, and user) in the Linux (operating system kernel). These namespaces categorize code in programming languages, distinguishing different code functions and preventing the use of disparate code snippets. This allows different service processes within a container to exist in independent system environments, achieving isolation. Furthermore, container engines can use Cgroups (control groups, a technique that creates a virtual file system for containers and limits their capacity) to restrict resources within containers. This enables resource limiting, priority allocation, resource statistics, and task control. In short, the resource isolation and limiting capabilities of container engines can improve the stability and security of base station systems.

[0057] The target chip could be, for example, the domestically produced UCP4008. The UCP4008 is designed based on the MaPU core architecture and features true software-defined radio (SDR), supporting customized DVB communication systems, 5G NR-NTN standards, and other customized protocols. Furthermore, this chip not only supports multiple synchronization methods, ensuring stability, reliability, and scalability in complex communication environments, but also integrates high-performance digital signal processing capabilities and a rich set of interface types. Through optimized algorithms and architecture design, the UCP4008 chip achieves the dual advantages of low power consumption and low cost while maintaining high performance.

[0058] The domestically produced UCP4008 chip offers a rich array of high-speed and low-speed interfaces, including PCIe, CPRI / ECPRI, JESD204B / C, and T(G)MAC, and also supports multiple synchronization methods such as GPS, 1588V2, SyncE, and air interface. The chip can simultaneously support four 100MHz 5G cells and provide up to eight RF paths, making it suitable for various small base station configurations.

[0059] The UCP4008 features eight high-performance MaPU cores and eight NPU cores. Each MaPU core boasts a computing power of up to 716.8 GOPS@16bits. A single UCP4008 chip can support two 5G 100M bandwidth 4T4R cells or 4 / 5G dual-mode cells. It has released multiple standard protocol software functions and also supports customized protocol development. Its powerful computing capabilities ensure sufficient resources for deploying the sensing functionality. Furthermore, the UCP4008 can independently shut down the NPU and MaPU cores according to customer needs, maintaining performance while fundamentally reducing power consumption.

[0060] Step 102: Start the target chip based on the driver, call the container engine to build and deploy multiple containers, and package and store the applications and services required by each service layer in the base station to be virtualized into different containers;

[0061] The base station to be virtualized includes at least the following layers: PHY (Physical Layer), MAC (Media Access Control Sublayer), RLC (Radio Link Control Sublayer), PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol Sublayer), and RRC (Radio Resource Control Layer). The PHY layer runs in the APE kernel, while the MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP layer, and RRC layer run in their respective containers. The Physical Layer (PHY) is the lowest layer of the wireless access system. Using the transmission channel as its interface, it provides services to higher layers and forms the foundation of the base station, responsible for the physical transmission and processing of signals. The Media Access Control (MAC), Radio Link Control (RLC), and Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) sublayers constitute the second layer of the base station, responsible for data encapsulation, transmission, and error control, ensuring the correctness and reliability of data during transmission. The Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer is the highest layer of the base station, responsible for controlling the allocation and management of radio resources, including connection control, security, mobility management, and measurement. The RRC layer ensures the effective utilization of radio resources while guaranteeing communication security and stability. In this embodiment, the higher service layers refer to the MAC layer (Media Access Control sublayer), RLC layer (Radio Link Control sublayer), PDCP layer (Packet Data Convergence Protocol sublayer), and RRC layer (Radio Resource Control layer) of the base station to be virtualized.

[0062] Step 103: Configure the interaction between each container and the service layer of each base station in the base station to be virtualized based on the pre-configured containerized architecture;

[0063] The containerization architecture is a container structure formed by packaging and storing the applications and services required by each service layer in the base station to be virtualized into different containers through step 102 above. The configuration of each container and the interaction between each base station service layer in the base station to be virtualized may include, but is not limited to, inter-container communication, resource allocation, etc.

[0064] Step 104: Run the service processes of the corresponding applications in each container to obtain the containerized target virtualized base station.

[0065] Firstly, this application embodiment provides a base station virtualization architecture through a multi-core architecture target chip. The physical layer of the base station to be virtualized runs on the APE kernel, thereby ensuring low latency and high-performance processing of the physical layer. The higher layers of the base station, such as the MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP layer, and RRC layer, run on a container engine started on the NPU kernel, realizing the virtualization of the higher service layers of the base station to be virtualized. That is, by introducing a container engine combined with a multi-core architecture target chip, base station virtualization is achieved, thereby improving the system performance of the base station, reducing network latency, and optimizing resource utilization.

[0066] Secondly, by leveraging the virtualization technology of the container engine, rapid deployment and expansion of the high-level service layer of the base station can be achieved, thereby improving system processing capabilities; by utilizing the resource isolation and limitation functions of the container engine, interference between high-level services of the base station can be reduced, thus reducing network latency; and by utilizing the dynamic resource allocation and scheduling functions of the container engine, optimized configuration and efficient utilization of base station resources can be achieved.

[0067] Thirdly, the APE kernel in this application embodiment adopts the MaPU architecture. The APE kernel adopts the MaPU architecture kernel, which has a highly programmable and unique soft core architecture that can be flexibly reconfigured according to various algorithms, thereby flexibly supporting 5G standard and non-standard protocols, and making later upgrades more convenient and efficient. The reconfigurable feature of the MaPU architecture means that users do not have to design a brand new chip for each new application, thereby reducing R&D costs, shortening development time, and speeding up product launch.

[0068] In summary, the embodiments of this application provide a base station virtualization method with better performance, greater flexibility, higher efficiency, and lower cost.

[0069] Please see Figure 2 In an optional embodiment of this application, step 104 above, which involves running the service processes of the corresponding applications in each container to obtain the containerized target virtualized base station, includes the following steps 201-203:

[0070] Step 201: Run the service process corresponding to each application in each container to obtain the containerized virtual base station;

[0071] Step 202: Perform performance testing on the containerized virtual base station, and adjust the configuration and parameters of the container engine based on the test results;

[0072] The containerized virtual base station is subjected to performance testing, including but not limited to metrics such as latency and throughput. Based on the test results, the configuration and parameters of the container engine are adjusted: for example, in a single-user peak rate test, the system tests whether a single user in the base station cell can reach 95% of the theoretical peak rate; in a multi-user peak rate test, the system tests whether the overall uplink and downlink rates of the cell can reach 90% of the theoretical peak rate when 400 users are in the cell.

[0073] Step 203: Optimize the performance of the containerized virtual base station based on the adjusted container engine to obtain the target virtualized base station.

[0074] Based on the test results, the configuration and parameters of the container engine are adjusted to optimize base station performance. For example, if the peak rate is not reached during testing, it may be due to insufficient cores used by the container or insufficient deployment memory resources. The number of cores used by the container or memory is increased accordingly, and the test is repeated to find the optimal resource utilization solution. Of course, the testing methods, test indicators, and adjustments to the container engine configuration and parameters based on the test results provided in this embodiment, and the performance optimization of the containerized virtual base station based on the adjusted container engine, are merely examples and do not constitute a limitation on the specific optimization process of this application embodiment.

[0075] In this embodiment, the service processes corresponding to each application are run in each container to obtain a containerized virtual base station. The performance of the containerized virtual base station is tested, and the configuration and parameters of the container engine are adjusted according to the test results. Based on the adjusted container engine, the performance of the containerized virtual base station is optimized to obtain the target virtual base station, thereby realizing dynamic optimization of the target virtual base station and improving the reliability and stability of the target virtual base station.

[0076] Please see Figure 3 In an optional embodiment of this application, the above-described base station virtualization method further includes the following steps 301-302:

[0077] Step 301: Monitor the operational status of the target virtualized base station;

[0078] Step 302: If the operating status exceeds the preset normal range, restart the container engine to restart the target virtualization base station.

[0079] This application embodiment monitors the operational status of the target virtualized base station. If the operational status exceeds the preset normal range, i.e. the target virtualized base station is abnormally operating, the container engine is restarted in a timely manner. After the container engine restarts, the base station process within the container engine will also start automatically, thereby realizing the restart of the base station, handling abnormal situations in a timely manner, and ensuring the stable operation of the base station system.

[0080] Please see Figure 4 In an optional embodiment of this application, the above-described base station virtualization method further includes the following steps 401-404:

[0081] Step 401: Build images of the service processes described in each container using container files;

[0082] The container file (Dockerfile, a text file in programming containing a series of instructions and instructions for automating the building of Docker images) includes at least: the build environment information and runtime environment information of the base station's high-level services; each instruction builds a layer of images, describing the building process of that layer; and the container automatically builds the image based on the contents of the container file using the `docker build` instruction.

[0083] Step 402: The base station to be virtualized is redeployed, upgraded, or expanded based on the container file.

[0084] Step 403: Share the container file to other base stations to be virtualized;

[0085] Step 404: The other base stations to be virtualized reconstruct the corresponding images based on the container file, and deploy the base stations based on the constructed images.

[0086] Containers are started from images. Images can be built using container files, and multiple base stations can use the same image to achieve rapid deployment of base stations. When upgrades and expansions are needed, the image can be rebuilt using the Dockerfile to achieve rapid upgrades or expansions, thereby improving the efficiency of base station updates, expansions, and rebuilds.

[0087] In one optional embodiment of this application, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of each base station service layer in the target chip, such as... Figure 5 In step 104 above, running the service process corresponding to each application in each container includes the following steps:

[0088] The v-CU (Centralized Unit) in the target chip is invoked to run the RRC and PDCP layer processes of the base station to be virtualized, and the v-DU (Distributed Unit) is invoked to run the RLC and MAC layer processes of the base station to be virtualized. For convenience, the PHY layer (physical layer) can also be stored in the v-DU unit and accessed.

[0089] The Centralized Unit (CU) primarily includes non-real-time high-layer wireless protocol stack functions, while also supporting the deployment of some core network functions and edge application services. The Distributed Unit (DU) mainly handles physical layer functions and layer functions with real-time requirements. This configuration method can save transmission resources between the RRU and DU, and some physical layer functions can also be moved up to the RRU, thereby improving overall efficiency.

[0090] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is an example of a container system architecture in a target device. The target device is configured with hardware devices such as CPU, hard disk, memory, and drivers, as well as an OS and a container engine. Multiple containers are created within this container engine, such as container 1, container 2, and container 3. Each container, according to its configuration, utilizes resources such as CPU and memory to run a corresponding program. As shown above... Figure 5 and Figure 6 In this architecture, the application (virtual application service container) runs the corresponding program or process. The v-CU (Virtual CU, Virtual Distributed Unit) runs the RRC and PDCP layer processes, and the v-DU (Virtual Central Unit, Virtual DU) runs the RLC and MAC layer processes. The v-CU and v-DU units communicate via the F1ap protocol. F1ap primarily transmits the following messages: initial UL RRC message for the terminal; DL RRC message for the network side; UL RRC message for the terminal side; NAS layer UE context setting message; NAS layer UE context modification message; and terminal UE inactive notification. The application container needs to determine the interaction interface and protocol based on the specific program being run.

[0091] Container 1 runs the PDCP layer process; Container 2 runs the RLC layer process and the Mac layer process; Container 3 runs other required programs, such as edge computing, industrial applications, industrial logic control PLC, human-machine interface (HMI), machine vision, etc. This is just an example and will not be exhaustive.

[0092] In an optional embodiment of this application, step 102 above, which involves calling the container engine to build and deploy multiple containers, includes the following steps:

[0093] The container engine's container commands or orchestration tools are used to automate the container building and deployment of high-level services for the virtualized base station.

[0094] For example, container orchestration tools of container engines (such as Kubernetes) can be used to automate the deployment and management of high-level base station services, thereby further optimizing resource utilization.

[0095] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowchart are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order constraint on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the diagram may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0096] After forming the target virtualized base station, the method further includes communication between the target virtualized base station and the user equipment. The target virtualized base station is responsible for broadcasting control information and system information to the user equipment to ensure smooth network access. The user equipment needs to receive and process signals from the target virtualized base station to obtain necessary information and establish a connection. However, signal transmission is susceptible to channel attenuation and interference, leading to signal distortion. Therefore, the user equipment needs to perform channel estimation to accurately recover the original signal. Among these, Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) estimation is a critical step, involving decoding and processing PBCH signals to obtain system information such as the Master Information Block (MIB), which is crucial for the user equipment's network access. In an optional embodiment of this application, the method further includes estimating the channel between the target virtualized base station and the user equipment, and realizing communication between the target virtualized base station and the user equipment based on the channel estimation result.

[0097] Obtain a first subcarrier frequency domain index set, a second subcarrier frequency domain index set, and a third subcarrier frequency domain index set. The first subcarrier frequency domain index set belongs to the intersection of the subcarrier frequency domain index set of the Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) and the subcarrier frequency domain index set of the Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS). The second subcarrier frequency domain index set is the difference set between the subcarrier frequency domain index set of the PBCH and the first subcarrier frequency domain index set. The third subcarrier frequency domain index set belongs to the subcarrier frequency domain index set of the Cell Specific Reference Signal (CRS).

[0098] Based on the received SSS and the first subcarrier frequency domain index set, the first channel estimation result is determined;

[0099] Based on the received CRS, the second subcarrier frequency domain index set, and the third subcarrier frequency domain index set, the second channel estimation result is determined;

[0100] Based on the first channel estimation result and the second channel estimation result, the channel estimation result of the PBCH is determined.

[0101] In an optional embodiment of this application, the first channel estimation result includes the second frequency response estimate of the subcarrier corresponding to each first subcarrier frequency domain index in the first subcarrier frequency domain index set; the step of determining the first channel estimation result based on the received SSS and the first subcarrier frequency domain index set includes:

[0102] Based on the received SSS, determine the subcarriers corresponding to each first subcarrier frequency domain index in the first subcarrier frequency domain index set;

[0103] Least squares LS channel estimation is performed on each subcarrier corresponding to the frequency domain index of the first subcarrier to obtain the first frequency response estimate of each subcarrier corresponding to the frequency domain index of the first subcarrier.

[0104] Based on the first subcarrier frequency domain index set, a first minimum mean square error (MMSE) filter is created.

[0105] Based on the first MMSE filter, the first frequency response estimate of the subcarrier corresponding to each first subcarrier frequency domain index is subjected to sliding filtering to obtain the second frequency response estimate of the subcarrier corresponding to each first subcarrier frequency domain index.

[0106] In an optional embodiment of this application, creating a first MMSE filter based on the first subcarrier frequency domain index set includes:

[0107] Within the total number of first subcarrier frequency domain indices in the first subcarrier frequency domain index set, determine the first window size parameter;

[0108] The first MMSE filter is created based on the first window size parameter.

[0109] In an optional embodiment of this application, the second channel estimation result includes the frequency response estimate of the subcarrier corresponding to each second subcarrier frequency domain index in the second subcarrier frequency domain index set; the step of determining the second channel estimation result based on the received CRS, the second subcarrier frequency domain index set, and the third subcarrier frequency domain index set includes:

[0110] Based on the received CRS, determine the subcarriers corresponding to each third subcarrier frequency domain index in the third subcarrier frequency domain index set;

[0111] LS channel estimation is performed on the subcarriers corresponding to the frequency domain indexes of each third subcarrier to obtain the frequency response estimates of the subcarriers corresponding to the frequency domain indexes of each third subcarrier.

[0112] Based on the third subcarrier frequency domain index set, a second MMSE filter is created;

[0113] Based on the second MMSE filter and the frequency response estimate of the subcarrier corresponding to each of the third subcarrier frequency domain indices, the frequency response estimate of the subcarrier corresponding to each of the second subcarrier frequency domain indices in the second subcarrier frequency domain index set is interpolated.

[0114] In an optional embodiment of this application, creating a second MMSE filter based on the third subcarrier frequency domain index set includes:

[0115] Within the total number of third subcarrier frequency domain indices in the third subcarrier frequency domain index set, determine the second window size parameter;

[0116] The second MMSE filter is created based on the second window size parameter.

[0117] In an optional embodiment of this application, before obtaining the first subcarrier frequency domain index set, the second subcarrier frequency domain index set, and the third subcarrier frequency domain index set, the method further includes:

[0118] Obtain the time-frequency resource grid of the wireless frame;

[0119] Determine the target time range on the time axis of the time-frequency resource grid;

[0120] Multiple resource elements of the CRS that conform to the target time range in the time-frequency resource grid are respectively identified as multiple target resource elements;

[0121] The third subcarrier frequency domain index set is determined based on multiple target resource elements.

[0122] In an optional embodiment of this application, the first channel estimation result includes the frequency response estimate of the subcarrier corresponding to each first subcarrier frequency domain index in the first subcarrier frequency domain index set; the second channel estimation result includes the frequency response estimate of the subcarrier corresponding to each second subcarrier frequency domain index in the second subcarrier frequency domain index set; and the channel estimation result of the PBCH includes the frequency response estimate of the subcarrier corresponding to each subcarrier frequency domain index in the PBCH subcarrier frequency domain index set. The step of determining the channel estimation result of the PBCH based on the first channel estimation result and the second channel estimation result includes:

[0123] Create the items to be filled corresponding to each subcarrier frequency domain index in the subcarrier frequency domain index set of the PBCH;

[0124] The frequency response estimates of the subcarriers corresponding to the first subcarrier frequency domain index and the frequency response estimates of the subcarriers corresponding to the second subcarrier frequency domain index are copied to the fields to be filled in the subcarrier frequency domain index set of the PBCH, so as to obtain the frequency response estimates of the subcarriers corresponding to the subcarrier frequency domain index set of the PBCH.

[0125] Please see Figure 7 One embodiment of this application provides a base station virtualization device 700, including: an installation module 710, a containerization module 720, a configuration module 730, and an operation module 740, wherein:

[0126] The installation module 710 is used to install the target chip and the driver for the target chip on the target device; wherein the target chip is a multi-core architecture, and the multi-core architecture includes at least: an APE kernel and an NPU kernel, the APE kernel is a MaPU structure, and the NPU kernel is equipped with a container engine;

[0127] The containerization module 720 is used to start the target chip based on the driver, call the container engine to build and deploy multiple containers, and package and store the applications and services required by each service layer in the base station to be virtualized into different containers.

[0128] The configuration module 730 is used to configure the interaction between each container and the service layer of each base station in the base station to be virtualized based on a pre-configured containerized architecture.

[0129] The runtime module 740 is used to run the service processes of the corresponding applications in each container to obtain the containerized target virtualized base station.

[0130] In one optional embodiment of this application, the running module 740 is specifically used to: run the service process corresponding to each application in each container to obtain a containerized virtual base station; perform performance testing on the containerized virtual base station and adjust the configuration and parameters of the container engine according to the test results; optimize the performance of the containerized virtual base station based on the adjusted container engine to obtain the target virtualized base station.

[0131] In an optional embodiment of this application, the running module 740 is further configured to monitor the running status of the target virtualized base station; if the running status exceeds a preset normal range, restart the container engine to restart the target virtualized base station.

[0132] In an optional embodiment of this application, the running module 740 is further configured to build images of the service processes of each container through container files; wherein, the container files include at least: construction environment information and running environment information of the base station high-level services; the base station to be virtualized is redeployed, upgraded or expanded based on the container files.

[0133] In an optional embodiment of this application, the running module 740 is further configured to share the container file with other base stations to be virtualized; the other base stations to be virtualized reconstruct the corresponding image based on the container file, and deploy the base station based on the constructed image.

[0134] In an optional embodiment of this application, the running module 740 is specifically used to call the v-CU unit in the target chip to run the RRC layer and PDCP layer processes of the base station to be virtualized, and to call the v-DU unit to run the RLC layer and MAC layer processes of the base station to be virtualized.

[0135] In one optional embodiment of this application, the containerization module 720 is specifically used to automate the container building and deployment of high-level services of the virtualized base station using the container commands or orchestration tools of the container engine.

[0136] Specific limitations regarding the aforementioned base station virtualization device 700 can be found in the limitations of the base station virtualization method described above, and will not be repeated here. Each module in the aforementioned base station virtualization device 700 can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in hardware or independently of the processor in a computer device, or stored in software in the memory of a computer device, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to each module.

[0137] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, the internal structure of which can be as follows: Figure 8As shown. The computer device includes a processor, memory, network interface, and database connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes a non-volatile storage medium and internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The database stores data. The network interface communicates with external terminals via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the base station virtualization method described above. It includes: a memory and a processor; the memory stores a computer program; and the processor executes the computer program to implement any step of the base station virtualization method described above.

[0138] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, can perform any of the steps in the base station virtualization method described above.

[0139] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0140] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0141] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0142] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0143] Although preferred embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this application.

[0144] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A base station virtualization method, characterized in that, include: Install the target chip and its driver on the target device; wherein the target chip is a multi-core architecture, and the multi-core architecture includes at least: an algebraic processing engine (APE) kernel and a neural network processing unit (NPU) kernel, wherein the algebraic processing engine (APE) kernel is a MaPU structure; the neural network processing unit (NPU) kernel is a MaPU structure, and the neural network processing unit (NPU) kernel deploys a container engine and related dependencies, wherein the related dependencies include services and programs required for the startup of the base station's higher-level service layer; The target chip is started based on the driver, and the container engine is invoked to build and deploy multiple containers. The container engine isolates the processes, network, messages, file system, UTS and operating system resources of the containers through the namespaces of pid, net, ipc, mnt, uts and user in Linux. The container engine limits the resources in the containers through Cgroups. The applications and services required by each service layer in the base station to be virtualized are packaged and stored in different containers. The interaction between each container and the service layer of each base station in the base station to be virtualized is configured based on a pre-configured containerized architecture. The PHY layer of the base station to be virtualized runs on the Algebraic Processing Engine (APE) kernel, and the higher layers of the base station to be virtualized run on a container engine launched on the Neural Processing Unit (NPU) kernel; the higher layers include at least the MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP layer, and RRC layer. The service processes corresponding to each application run in each container, including: the Application container is used to run the corresponding program or process, calling the v-CU unit in the target chip to run the RRC layer and PDCP layer processes of the base station to be virtualized, and calling the v-DU unit to run the RLC layer and MAC layer processes of the base station to be virtualized; thus obtaining the containerized target virtualized base station; wherein, the v-CU unit and the v-DU unit communicate through the F1ap protocol; the F1ap message transmission includes at least: terminal initial UL RRC message; network side DL RRC message; terminal side UL RRC message; NAS layer UE context setting message; NAS layer UE context modification message; terminal UE inactivity notification; the Application container confirms the interaction interface and interaction protocol according to the running program; the running program includes at least one of: edge computing, industrial applications, industrial logic control PLC, human-machine interface HMI, and machine vision.

2. The base station virtualization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The service processes running corresponding to each application in each container, and the containerized target virtualized base station, include: The service processes corresponding to each application are run in each container to obtain a containerized virtual base station; The containerized virtual base station was subjected to performance testing, and the configuration and parameters of the container engine were adjusted based on the test results. The containerized virtual base station is optimized based on the adjusted container engine to obtain the target virtualized base station.

3. The base station virtualization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The operational status of the target virtualized base station is monitored; If the operating status exceeds the preset normal range, restart the container engine to restart the target virtualized base station.

4. The base station virtualization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The service processes of each container are constructed using container files; wherein, the container files include at least: the construction environment information and the runtime environment information of the base station high-level services; The base station to be virtualized is redeployed, upgraded, or expanded based on the container file.

5. The base station virtualization method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: Share the container file to other base stations that need to be virtualized; The other base stations to be virtualized are rebuilt into corresponding images based on the container file, and the base stations are deployed based on the constructed images.

6. The base station virtualization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of calling the container engine to build and deploy multiple containers includes: Use the container commands or orchestration tools of the container engine to automate the container building and deployment of high-level services for virtualized base stations.

7. A base station virtualization device, characterized in that, include: An installation module is used to install a target chip and its driver on a target device. The target chip has a multi-core architecture, comprising at least an Algebraic Processing Engine (APE) kernel and a Neural Processing Unit (NPU) kernel. The APE kernel is a MaPU structure. The NPU kernel is a MaPU structure and deploys a container engine and related dependencies, including services and programs required for the startup of the base station's higher-level service layer. The containerization module is used to start the target chip based on the driver, call the container engine to build and deploy multiple containers. The container engine isolates the processes, network, messages, file system, UTS and operating system resources of the containers through the namespaces of pid, net, ipc, mnt, uts and user in Linux. The container engine limits the resources in the containers through Cgroups. And it packages and stores the applications and services required by each service layer in the base station to be virtualized into different containers. The configuration module is used to configure the interaction between each container and the service layer of each base station in the base station to be virtualized, based on the pre-configured containerized architecture. The execution module is used to run the PHY layer of the base station to be virtualized on the Algebraic Processing Engine (APE) kernel, and to run the higher layers of the base station to be virtualized on a container engine launched on the Neural Processing Unit (NPU) kernel; the higher layers include at least the MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP layer, and RRC layer; service processes corresponding to each application are run in each container, including: an Application container for running the corresponding program or process, calling the v-CU unit in the target chip to run the RRC layer and PDCP layer processes of the base station to be virtualized, and calling the v-DU unit to run the RLC layer and MAC layer processes of the base station to be virtualized; thus obtaining the containerized target virtualized base station; wherein, the v-CU unit and the v-DU unit communicate via the Fiap protocol; the Fiap message transmission includes at least: the terminal initial UL RRC message; the network-side DL RRC message; and the terminal-side UL... RRC message; NAS layer UE context setting message; NAS layer UE context modification message; terminal UE inactivity notification; the application container confirms the interaction interface and interaction protocol based on the running program; the running program includes at least one of: edge computing, industrial applications, industrial logic control PLC, human-machine interface HMI, and machine vision.

8. A computer device, comprising: The method includes a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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