Method and device based on wireless link failure prediction

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device based on wireless link failure prediction. The terminal receives the first signaling; the first signaling indicates a first threshold value and a second threshold value; receiving a second signaling, wherein the second signaling enables wireless link failure prediction; if the wireless link failure is predicted, maintaining the first timer to comprise the first operation set; if the wireless link failure is not predicted, maintaining the first timer not including at least one of the first operation set; the first set of operations comprises: if a first counter reaches the first threshold, starting the first timer; if the first timer is running and a second counter reaches a second threshold, stopping the first timer; and if the first timer expires, determining that the wireless link fails. According to the method provided by the invention, the influence of determining the wireless link failure on the terminal is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to a transmission method and apparatus in a wireless communication system, and in particular to a method for predicting a radio link failure (RLF). Background Art

[0002] The application scenarios of future wireless communication systems are becoming more and more diversified, and different application scenarios have different performance requirements for the system. When UE (User Equipment) is in some poor communication environments, such as high-speed movement, or moving between high-density cells, or when the target cell is fully loaded, it will cause many unexpected handover failures (HOF), wireless link failures and other problems. Research has shown that AI (Artificial Intelligence) / ML (Machine Learning) algorithms have important application potential in many aspects such as complex unknown environment modeling, learning, channel prediction, network status tracking and intelligent scheduling, network optimization and deployment, and are expected to promote the research of future wireless communication technologies. In view of this, 3GPP (the 3rd Generation Partnership Project) passed the SI (Study Item) of "Study on AI / ML for mobility in NR (New Radio)". In-depth research and analysis have been carried out on the application of AI / ML technology in wireless air interfaces and wireless networking, and RLF prediction or HOF prediction technology is one of the important technologies. Summary of the invention

[0003] Timer T310 is used for RLF detection. The inventors have found through research that since RLF detection is performed on the UE (User Equipment) side, while RLF detection improves mobility performance, it also brings additional power consumption, signaling and other overheads to the UE, and / or affects the service continuity of the UE. Therefore, further enhancement is needed to reduce the impact of RLF detection on the UE.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a solution. In the description of the above problems, the NR system is used as an example. The present application is also applicable to scenarios such as LTE (Long-Term Evolution) or LTE-A (Long-Term Evolution Advanced) or 5G+ or 6G systems, and achieves technical effects similar to those of the NR system; further, although the present application provides a specific implementation method for RLF prediction, the present application can also be used in scenarios such as HOF prediction to achieve technical effects similar to those of RLF prediction. Furthermore, adopting a unified design scheme for different scenarios can also help reduce hardware complexity and cost. Furthermore, although the original intention of the present application is for the Uu air interface, the present application can also be used for the PC5 port to achieve technical effects similar to those of the Uu air interface. Furthermore, although the original intention of the present application is for the terminal and base station scenario, the present application is also applicable to V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything) scenarios, communication scenarios between the terminal and the relay, and the relay and the base station, and achieves technical effects similar to those in the terminal and base station scenarios. Furthermore, although the original intention of this application is for the terminal and base station scenario, this application is also applicable to the IAB (Integrated Access and Backhaul) communication scenario, and achieves similar technical effects in the terminal and base station scenario. Furthermore, although the original intention of this application is for the terrestrial network (TN) scenario, this application is also applicable to the non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication scenario, and achieves similar technical effects in the TN scenario. In addition, the use of a unified solution for different scenarios can also help reduce hardware complexity and costs.

[0005] As an embodiment, the interpretation of the terminology in the present application refers to the definition of the 3GPP specification protocol TS36 series.

[0006] As an example, the interpretation of the terms in the present application refers to the definition of the TS38 series of specification protocols of 3GPP.

[0007] As an example, the interpretation of the terms in the present application refers to the definition of the TS37 series of specification protocols of 3GPP.

[0008] As an embodiment, the interpretation of the terms in the present application refers to the definition of the 6G series of specification protocols of 3GPP.

[0009] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in any node of the present application can be applied to any other node. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

[0010] The present application discloses a method used in a terminal, characterized in that:

[0011] include:

[0012] Receiving a first signaling; wherein the first signaling indicates a first threshold and a second threshold;

[0013] Maintaining the first timer;

[0014] Wherein, whether the maintaining of the first timer includes the first operation set depends on at least whether RLF (Radio Link Failure) is predicted; the first operation set includes: if the first counter reaches the first threshold, starting the first timer; if the first timer is running and the second counter reaches the second threshold, stopping the first timer; if the first timer expires, determining RLF; the first counter includes the number of consecutive out-of-sync indications received; the second counter includes the number of consecutive in-sync indications received;

[0015] Whether maintaining the first timer includes the first operation set depends on at least whether RLF is predicted, including:

[0016] If at least RLF is predicted, said maintaining a first timer comprises said first set of operations;

[0017] If at least RLF is not predicted, said maintaining a first timer does not include at least one of said first set of operations.

[0018] As an embodiment, the problem to be solved by the present application includes: how to reduce the impact of RLF detection on the terminal; in the above method, the terminal solves the above problem by determining whether to execute the first operation set according to whether RLF is predicted.

[0019] As an embodiment, in the above method, when the terminal does not predict RLF, it does not execute at least one of the first operation set, which is helpful to reduce the impact of RLF detection on the terminal.

[0020] As an embodiment, the above method is simple to implement.

[0021] As an embodiment, the above method is conducive to avoiding triggering unnecessary RLF detection, thereby ensuring the service continuity of the terminal. As an embodiment, whether the first timer is maintained includes whether the first operation set depends on at least whether the RLF is predicted, which means: whether the first timer is maintained includes whether the first operation set depends on whether the RLF is predicted; whether the first timer is maintained includes whether the first operation set depends on whether the RLF is predicted, which means:

[0022] If RLF is predicted, said maintaining a first timer includes said first set of operations;

[0023] If RLF is not predicted, maintaining the first timer does not include at least one of the first set of operations.

[0024] As an embodiment, whether the first timer is maintained includes whether the first operation set dependency predicts RLF or not, which means: whether the first timer is maintained includes whether the first operation set dependency predicts RLF or not and whether the confidence satisfies a fifth threshold; whether the first timer is maintained includes whether the first operation set dependency predicts RLF or not and whether the confidence satisfies the fifth threshold means:

[0025] If RLF is predicted, said maintaining a first timer includes said first set of operations;

[0026] If RLF is not predicted and the confidence level satisfies the fifth threshold, maintaining the first timer includes the first set of operations;

[0027] If RLF is not predicted and the confidence level does not satisfy the fifth threshold, the maintaining the first timer does not include at least one of the first set of operations.

[0028] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the confidence level satisfying the fifth threshold means that the confidence level is less than the fifth threshold.

[0029] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the confidence level satisfies the fifth threshold value, which means that the confidence level is less than or equal to the fifth threshold value.

[0030] As an embodiment, whether the first timer is maintained includes whether the first operation set depends on at least whether the RLF is predicted, which means: whether the first timer is maintained includes whether the first operation set depends on whether the RLF is predicted and whether the confidence satisfies the fifth threshold; whether the first timer is maintained includes whether the first operation set depends on whether the RLF is predicted and whether the confidence satisfies the fifth threshold means:

[0031] If RLF is predicted and the confidence level satisfies the fifth threshold, maintaining the first timer includes the first set of operations;

[0032] If RLF is predicted and the confidence does not satisfy the fifth threshold, maintaining the first timer does not include at least one of the first set of operations;

[0033] If RLF is not predicted, maintaining the first timer does not include at least one of the first set of operations.

[0034] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the confidence level satisfying the fifth threshold means that the confidence level is greater than the fifth threshold.

[0035] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the confidence level satisfying the fifth threshold means that the confidence level is greater than or equal to the fifth threshold.

[0036] As an embodiment, the first signaling belongs to an RRCReconfiguration message.

[0037] As an embodiment, the first signaling belongs to a SIB1 message.

[0038] As an embodiment, the first signaling belongs to a RLF-TimersAndConstants IE.

[0039] As an embodiment, the first signaling is a RLF-TimersAndConstants IE.

[0040] As an embodiment, the first signaling includes an n310 field, and the n310 field indicates the first threshold.

[0041] As an embodiment, the first signaling includes an n311 field, and the n311 field indicates the second threshold.

[0042] As an embodiment, the first signaling includes a t310 field, and the t310 field indicates the first timer.

[0043] As an embodiment, the first timer is T310.

[0044] As an embodiment, the first counter is counter N310.

[0045] As an embodiment, the first threshold is N310.

[0046] As an embodiment, the second counter is counter N311.

[0047] As an embodiment, the second threshold is N311.

[0048] As an embodiment, the “if RLF is not predicted, maintaining the first timer does not include at least one of the first operation set” includes: if RLF is not predicted, not performing at least one of the following actions:

[0049] -. If the first counter reaches the first threshold, start the first timer;

[0050] - If the first timer is running and the second counter reaches the second threshold, stop the first timer;

[0051] -. If the first timer expires, determine RLF.

[0052] As an embodiment, the “if RLF is not predicted, maintaining the first timer does not include at least one of the first set of operations” includes: if RLF is not predicted and if the first counter reaches the first threshold, not starting the first timer.

[0053] As an embodiment, the "if RLF is not predicted, maintaining the first timer does not include at least one of the first operation set" includes: if RLF is not predicted and if the first timer is running and the second counter reaches the second threshold, the first timer is not stopped.

[0054] As an embodiment, the “if RLF is not predicted, maintaining the first timer does not include at least one of the first set of operations” includes: if RLF is not predicted and if the first timer expires, RLF is not determined.

[0055] According to one aspect of the present application, it is characterized in that

[0056] The method comprises:

[0057] If RLF is not predicted, Radio Link Monitoring (RLM) is not performed;

[0058] The not performing radio link monitoring is used to determine that the maintaining of the first timer does not include at least one of the first operation set.

[0059] As an embodiment, the problems to be solved by the present application include: how to determine that the first maintenance timer does not include at least one of the first operation set when RLF is not predicted; in the above method, if RLF is not predicted, not performing wireless link monitoring is used to determine that the first maintenance timer does not include at least one of the first operation set, thereby solving the above problem.

[0060] As an embodiment, the above method is helpful to reduce the power consumption of the terminal.

[0061] As an embodiment, the first operation set includes the performing of wireless link monitoring; if RLF is predicted, the maintaining of the first timer includes the performing of wireless link monitoring; if RLF is not predicted, the maintaining of the first timer does not include the performing of wireless link monitoring.

[0062] As an embodiment, if the wireless link monitoring is not performed, the first timer is not maintained.

[0063] As an embodiment, if the wireless link monitoring is not performed, at least one of the first operation set is not performed.

[0064] As an embodiment, not performing radio link monitoring is used to determine not to send a synchronization indication and an out-of-sync indication to a higher layer.

[0065] As an embodiment, not performing wireless link monitoring refers to: suspending wireless link monitoring.

[0066] As an embodiment, not performing wireless link monitoring refers to: stopping wireless link monitoring.

[0067] As an embodiment, the radio link monitoring includes: measurement of each reference signal used for RLM.

[0068] As an embodiment, the wireless link monitoring includes: link quality for each reference signal used for RLM.

[0069] As an embodiment, the radio link monitoring includes: evaluating the link quality for each reference signal used for RLM within a desynchronization evaluation period.

[0070] As an embodiment, the radio link monitoring includes: evaluating the link quality for each reference signal used for RLM within a synchronization evaluation period.

[0071] As an embodiment, the wireless link monitoring includes: when the link quality for each reference signal used for RLM evaluated within an out-of-sync evaluation period is worse than Qout configured by rlmInSyncOutOfSyncThreshold, the physical layer of the terminal sends an out-of-sync indication to a higher layer of the terminal.

[0072] As an embodiment, the wireless link monitoring includes: when the link quality of at least one reference signal used for RLM evaluated within a synchronization evaluation period is better than Qin configured by rlmInSyncOutOfSyncThreshold, the physical layer of the terminal sends a synchronization indication to a higher layer of the terminal.

[0073] According to one aspect of the present application, it is characterized in that

[0074] The first set of operations includes: increasing the first counter when an out-of-sync indication is received and the first timer is not running; and increasing the second counter when a synchronization indication is received and the first timer is running.

[0075] As an embodiment, if RLF is predicted and an out-of-sync indication is received and the first timer is not running, the first counter is increased; and if RLF is predicted and an in-sync indication is received and the first timer is running, the second counter is increased.

[0076] As an embodiment, if RLF is not predicted and an out-of-sync indication is received and the first timer is not running, the first counter is increased; and if RLF is not predicted and an in-sync indication is received and the first timer is running, the second counter is increased.

[0077] As an embodiment, if RLF is not predicted and an out-of-sync indication is received and the first timer is not running, the first counter is not increased; and if RLF is not predicted and an in-sync indication is received and the first timer is running, the second counter is increased.

[0078] As an embodiment, the above method avoids the expiration of the first timer by not increasing the first counter.

[0079] According to one aspect of the present application, it is characterized in that

[0080] The predicting of the RLF includes: predicting that the RLF will occur within a first time window.

[0081] As an embodiment, the problem to be solved by the present application includes: how to determine the predicted RLF; in the above method, the predicted RLF includes: predicting that the RLF will occur within the first time window, thereby solving the above problem.

[0082] As an embodiment, the above method is beneficial to improving the effectiveness of predicting RLF by introducing the first time window.

[0083] As an embodiment, predicting the RLF means predicting that the RLF will occur within the first time window.

[0084] As an embodiment, the not predicting RLF includes: predicting that RLF will not occur within the first time window.

[0085] As an embodiment, the failure to predict RLF means: predicting that RLF will not occur within the first time window.

[0086] As an embodiment, the predicting that RLF will occur within the first time window includes: predicting that a probability of RLF occurring within the first time window exceeds a threshold.

[0087] As an embodiment, the prediction that RLF will occur within the first time window includes: predicting that the first timer will expire; wherein the first time window is the remaining running time of the first timer.

[0088] As an embodiment, the predicting that RLF will occur within the first time window includes: predicting that the first timer will expire within the first time window.

[0089] As an embodiment, the length of the first time window is fixed.

[0090] As an embodiment, the length of the first time window is configurable.

[0091] As an embodiment, the first time window is a positive integer number of milliseconds.

[0092] As an embodiment, the first time window is a positive integer number of time slots.

[0093] As an embodiment, the first time window includes at least part of future time.

[0094] As an embodiment, the first time window includes only future time.

[0095] As an embodiment, the first time window includes a predicted time interval.

[0096] As an embodiment, the first time window includes a time interval after the current moment.

[0097] As an embodiment, the first time window is an expected running time of a timer.

[0098] As an embodiment, the first time window is the running time of a timer.

[0099] As an embodiment, the first time window is the remaining time of T310.

[0100] As an embodiment, the first time window is related to the first timer.

[0101] As an embodiment, the first time window is the running time of the first timer.

[0102] As an embodiment, the first time window is the remaining running time of the first timer.

[0103] According to one aspect of the present application, it is characterized in that

[0104] The method comprises:

[0105] receiving at least a first reference signal;

[0106] The predicting that RLF will occur within the first time window includes: the number of consecutive predicted out-of-sync indications within the first time window reaches a third threshold;

[0107] The predicted out-of-sync indication depends on the at least first reference signal.

[0108] As an embodiment, the failure to predict RLF includes: the number of consecutive predicted out-of-sync indications within the first time window does not reach a third threshold.

[0109] As an embodiment, the failure to predict RLF includes: the number of consecutive predicted synchronization indications within the first time window reaches a fourth threshold.

[0110] According to one aspect of the present application, it is characterized in that

[0111] The method comprises:

[0112] Sending a first notification; receiving the first notification;

[0113] The first notification indicates the predicted RLF.

[0114] As an embodiment, the problem to be solved by the present application includes: how to determine the predicted RLF; the above method indicates the predicted RLF through the first notification, thereby solving the above problem.

[0115] As an embodiment, the above method is beneficial to the implementation of the terminal.

[0116] As an embodiment, the above method facilitates protocol influencing.

[0117] As an embodiment, the intelligent module sends the first notification; the legal module receives the first notification.

[0118] As an embodiment, when RLF is predicted, the first notification is sent.

[0119] As an embodiment, when it is predicted that RLF will occur within the first time window, the first notification is sent.

[0120] As an embodiment, the first notification is sent when it is predicted that the number of consecutive predicted out-of-sync indications within the first time window reaches a third threshold.

[0121] As an embodiment, the first notification indicates the predicted RLF.

[0122] As an embodiment, the first notification indicates that RLF will occur within the first time window.

[0123] As an embodiment, the first notification indicates that the number of consecutive predicted out-of-sync indications within the first time window reaches a third threshold.

[0124] According to one aspect of the present application, it is characterized in that

[0125] The method comprises:

[0126] sending a second notification; receiving the second notification;

[0127] The second notification indicates that the RLF is not predicted.

[0128] As an embodiment, the problem to be solved by the present application includes: how to determine that RLF is not predicted; the above method indicates that RLF is not predicted through the second notification, thereby solving the above problem.

[0129] As an embodiment, the above method is beneficial to the implementation of the terminal.

[0130] As an embodiment, the above method facilitates protocol influencing.

[0131] As an embodiment, the intelligent module sends the second notification; and the legal module receives the second notification.

[0132] As an embodiment, when it is predicted that RLF will not occur, the second notification is sent.

[0133] As an embodiment, when it is predicted whether RLF will occur within the first time window, the second notification is sent.

[0134] As an embodiment, when it is predicted that the number of consecutive predicted out-of-sync indications within the first time window will not reach a third threshold, the second notification is sent.

[0135] As an embodiment, when it is predicted that the number of consecutive predicted synchronization indications within the first time window reaches a fourth threshold, the second notification is sent.

[0136] As an embodiment, the second notification indicates that the RLF is not predicted.

[0137] As an embodiment, the second notification indicates that RLF will not occur within the first time window.

[0138] As an embodiment, the second notification indicates that the number of consecutive predicted out-of-sync indications within the first time window does not reach a third threshold.

[0139] As an embodiment, the second notification indicates that the number of consecutive predicted synchronization indications within the first time window reaches a fourth threshold.

[0140] According to one aspect of the present application, it is characterized in that

[0141] The method comprises:

[0142] receiving a second signaling; wherein the second signaling enables RLF prediction;

[0143] When at least the second signaling enables RLF prediction, whether maintaining the first timer includes the first operation set depends on whether RLF is predicted.

[0144] As an embodiment, the problems to be solved by the present application include: how to determine whether the maintenance of the first timer includes whether the first operation set dependency predicts RLF; the above method determines whether the maintenance of the first timer includes whether the first operation set dependency predicts RLF based on at least the second signaling, thereby solving the above problem.

[0145] As an embodiment, the above method is beneficial to network control.

[0146] As an embodiment, the above method reduces the impact of terminals that are not enabled with RLF prediction.

[0147] As an embodiment, if RLF prediction is not enabled, maintaining the first timer includes the first set of operations.

[0148] As an embodiment, in response to the second signaling being received, RLF prediction is started.

[0149] As an embodiment, in response to the receipt of the second signaling, an intelligent model for RLF prediction is started; the enabling of RLF prediction refers to enabling the intelligent model for RLF prediction.

[0150] As an embodiment, only when the second signaling enables RLF prediction and the RLF prediction is not disabled, whether the maintaining the first timer includes the first operation set depends on whether RLF is predicted.

[0151] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction being disabled is indicated by network side signaling.

[0152] As an embodiment, when the terminal enters the RRC_INACTIVE state, the RLF prediction is disabled.

[0153] As an embodiment, when the terminal enters the RRC_IDLE state, the RLF prediction is disabled.

[0154] As an embodiment, when the terminal enters the RRC_IDLE state, the RLF prediction is disabled.

[0155] As an embodiment, the second signaling indicates starting RLF prediction.

[0156] As an embodiment, the second signaling indicates activation of an intelligent model for RLF prediction.

[0157] As an embodiment, the second signaling is a RRC sublayer signaling.

[0158] As an embodiment, the second signaling belongs to an RRCReconfiguration message.

[0159] As an embodiment, the second signaling is a MAC sublayer signaling.

[0160] As an embodiment, the second signaling is a MAC CE.

[0161] As an embodiment, the second signaling is a physical layer signaling.

[0162] As an embodiment, the second signaling is a DCI.

[0163] The present application discloses a method used in a base station, characterized by comprising:

[0164] Sending a first signaling; wherein the first signaling indicates a first threshold and a second threshold;

[0165] Wherein, the receiver of the first signaling maintains a first timer; whether the maintaining of the first timer includes a first operation set depends on whether RLF is predicted; the first operation set includes: if the first counter reaches the first threshold, start the first timer; if the first timer is running and the second counter reaches the second threshold, stop the first timer; if the first timer expires, determine RLF; the first counter includes the number of consecutive out-of-sync indications received; the second counter includes the number of consecutive in-sync indications received;

[0166] The maintaining of whether the first timer includes the first operation set depends on whether the RLF is predicted, including:

[0167] If RLF is predicted, said maintaining a first timer includes said first set of operations;

[0168] If RLF is not predicted, maintaining the first timer does not include at least one of the first set of operations.

[0169] According to one aspect of the present application, it is characterized in that

[0170] If RLF is not predicted, radio link monitoring is not performed;

[0171] The not performing radio link monitoring is used to determine that the maintaining of the first timer does not include at least one of the first operation set.

[0172] According to one aspect of the present application, it is characterized in that

[0173] The method comprises:

[0174] The first set of operations includes: increasing the first counter when an out-of-sync indication is received and the first timer is not running; and increasing the second counter when a synchronization indication is received and the first timer is running.

[0175] According to one aspect of the present application, it is characterized in that

[0176] The predicting of the RLF includes: predicting that the RLF will occur within a first time window.

[0177] According to one aspect of the present application, it is characterized in that

[0178] The method comprises:

[0179] sending at least a first reference signal;

[0180] The predicting that RLF will occur within the first time window includes: the number of consecutive predicted out-of-sync indications within the first time window reaches a third threshold;

[0181] The predicted out-of-sync indication depends on the at least first reference signal.

[0182] According to one aspect of the present application, it is characterized in that

[0183] The receiver of the first signaling sends a first notification; the receiver of the first signaling receives the first notification; wherein the first notification indicates the predicted RLF.

[0184] According to one aspect of the present application, it is characterized in that

[0185] The receiver of the first signaling sends a second notification; the receiver of the first signaling receives the second notification; wherein the second notification indicates that the RLF is not predicted.

[0186] According to one aspect of the present application, it is characterized in that

[0187] The method comprises:

[0188] Sending a second signaling; wherein the second signaling enables RLF prediction;

[0189] Only when the second signaling enables RLF prediction, whether maintaining the first timer includes the first operation set depends on whether RLF is predicted.

[0190] The present application discloses a terminal, characterized in that it includes:

[0191] The terminal includes: one or more processors and a memory;

[0192] The memory is coupled to the one or more processors, and is used to store computer program codes, where the computer program codes include computer instructions. The one or more processors call the computer instructions to enable the terminal to execute the method used in the terminal.

[0193] The present application discloses a base station, characterized in that it includes:

[0194] The base station includes: one or more processors and a memory;

[0195] The memory is coupled to the one or more processors, and is used to store computer program codes, where the computer program codes include computer instructions, and the one or more processors call the computer instructions to enable the base station to perform the method used in the base station. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0196] Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

[0197] Figure 1 A flowchart of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0198] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a network architecture according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0199] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a wireless protocol architecture of a user plane and a control plane according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0200] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing a first communication device and a second communication device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0201] Figure 5 A wireless signal transmission flow chart according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0202] Figure 6 A wireless signal transmission flow chart according to another embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0203] Figure 7 A wireless signal transmission flow chart according to another embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0204] Figure 8 A wireless signal transmission flow chart according to another embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0205] Fig. 9 A wireless signal transmission flow chart according to another embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0206] Fig.10 A schematic diagram showing a method of predicting RLF according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0207] Fig.11 A schematic diagram showing a first counter and a second counter according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0208] Fig.12 A structural block diagram of a processing device used in a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0209] Fig.13 A structural block diagram of a processing device used in a base station according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0210] Fig.14 A schematic diagram showing transmission of a first notification and a second notification according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0211] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of an intelligent model according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0212] Fig.16 A schematic diagram showing deployment of intelligent functions in a RAN domain according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0213] Fig.17 A schematic diagram showing deployment of UE intelligent functions according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0214] Fig.18 A flowchart based on artificial intelligence or machine learning according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0215] The technical solution of the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless there is a conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.

[0216] Example 1

[0217] Embodiment 1 illustrates a flow chart of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in the attached Figure 1 Attached Figure 1 In the figure, each box represents a step. It should be emphasized that the order of the boxes in the figure does not represent the temporal relationship between the steps represented.

[0218] In embodiment 1, the terminal in the present application receives a first signaling in step 101; wherein the first signaling indicates a first threshold and a second threshold; the terminal in the present application maintains a first timer in step 102; wherein whether the maintaining of the first timer includes a first operation set depends on whether RLF is predicted; the first operation set includes: if the first counter reaches the first threshold, start the first timer; if the first timer is running and the second counter reaches the second threshold, stop the first timer; if the first timer expires, determine RLF; the first counter includes the number of consecutive out-of-sync indications received; the second counter includes the number of consecutive in-sync indications received;

[0219] The maintaining of whether the first timer includes the first operation set depends on whether the RLF is predicted, including:

[0220] If RLF is predicted, said maintaining a first timer includes said first set of operations;

[0221] If RLF is not predicted, maintaining the first timer does not include at least one of the first set of operations.

[0222] As an embodiment, the first signaling indicating the first threshold means that: the first signaling explicitly indicates the first threshold.

[0223] As an embodiment, the first signaling indicating the first threshold means that: the first signaling implicitly indicates the first threshold.

[0224] As an embodiment, the first signaling indicating the first threshold means that: the first signaling configures the first threshold.

[0225] As an embodiment, the first signaling indicating the first threshold means that: the first signaling enables the first threshold.

[0226] As an embodiment, the first signaling indicating the second threshold means that: the first signaling explicitly indicates the second threshold.

[0227] As an embodiment, the first signaling indicating the second threshold means that: the first signaling implicitly indicates the second threshold.

[0228] As an embodiment, the first signaling indicating the second threshold means that: the first signaling configures the second threshold.

[0229] As an embodiment, the first signaling indicating the second threshold means that: the first signaling enables the second threshold.

[0230] As an embodiment, the first signaling is cell common.

[0231] As an embodiment, the first signaling is UE specific.

[0232] As an embodiment, the first signaling is RRC (Radio Resource Control) signaling.

[0233] As an embodiment, the first signaling includes RRC signaling and MAC (Medium Access Control) CE (Control Element).

[0234] As an embodiment, the first signaling includes RRC signaling and DCI (Downlink Control Information).

[0235] As an embodiment, the first signaling includes an RRC signaling, and the RRC signaling configures the first threshold.

[0236] As an embodiment, the first signaling includes an RRC signaling, and the RRC signaling configures the second threshold.

[0237] As an embodiment, the first signaling includes an RRC signaling and a MAC CE, the one RRC signaling configures multiple thresholds, and the one MAC CE indicates the first threshold from the multiple thresholds.

[0238] As an embodiment, the first signaling includes an RRC signaling and a MAC CE, the one RRC signaling configures multiple thresholds, and the one MAC CE indicates the second threshold from the multiple thresholds.

[0239] As an embodiment, the first signaling includes an RRC signaling and a DCI, the one RRC signaling configures multiple thresholds, and the one DCI indicates the first threshold from the multiple thresholds.

[0240] As an embodiment, the first signaling includes an RRC signaling and a DCI, the one RRC signaling configures multiple thresholds, and the one DCI indicates the second threshold from the multiple thresholds.

[0241] As an embodiment, an n310 in the first signaling indicates the first threshold; the first counter is N310.

[0242] As an embodiment, the first threshold is a constant N310, the first timer is T310, and the first counter is a counter N310.

[0243] As an embodiment, an n310 in the first signaling indicates the first threshold; the first timer is T310; and the first counter is N310.

[0244] As an embodiment, an n311 in the first signaling indicates the second threshold; the first counter is N310.

[0245] As an embodiment, the second threshold is a constant N311, the first timer is T310, and the second counter is a counter N311.

[0246] As an embodiment, an n311 in the first signaling indicates the second threshold; the first timer is T310; and the second counter is N311.

[0247] As an embodiment, the first counter counts the number of first type indications from the physical layer.

[0248] As an embodiment, the first counter counts the number of first-type indications from the physical layer for PCell.

[0249] As an embodiment, the first counter counts the number of first-type indications from the physical layer for the PSCell.

[0250] As an embodiment, the first type of indication is an out-of-sync indication.

[0251] As an embodiment, the first counter is N310.

[0252] As an embodiment, the second counter counts the number of second type indications from the physical layer.

[0253] As an embodiment, the second counter counts the number of second type indications from the physical layer for PCell.

[0254] As an embodiment, the second counter counts the number of second type indications from the physical layer for the PSCell.

[0255] As an embodiment, the second type of indication is an in-sync indication.

[0256] As an embodiment, the second counter is N311.

[0257] As an embodiment, the first type of indication is a beam failure instance indication.

[0258] As an embodiment, the candidate of the first counter depends on the RRC configuration.

[0259] As an embodiment, the candidate of the first counter depends on the UE implementation of the terminal.

[0260] As an embodiment, the candidates for the first counter are determined by the terminal itself.

[0261] As an embodiment, the candidates for the second counter depend on the RRC configuration.

[0262] As an embodiment, the candidate of the second counter depends on the UE implementation of the terminal.

[0263] As an embodiment, the candidates for the second counter are determined by the terminal itself.

[0264] As an embodiment, the first timer is for PCell.

[0265] As an embodiment, the first timer is for PSCell.

[0266] As an embodiment, maintaining the first timer refers to executing a first set of operations.

[0267] As an embodiment, maintaining the first timer means not executing at least one of the first operation set.

[0268] As an embodiment, the first set of operations includes starting the first timer if the first counter reaches a first threshold.

[0269] As an embodiment, the first set of operations includes stopping the first timer if the first timer is running and the second counter reaches the second threshold.

[0270] As an embodiment, the first set of operations includes determining RLF if the first timer expires.

[0271] As an embodiment, the first set of operations includes the first counter including the number of consecutive out-of-sync indications received.

[0272] As an embodiment, the first set of operations includes the second counter including the number of consecutive in-sync indications received.

[0273] As an embodiment, the first operation set includes: if the first counter reaches the first threshold, start the first timer; if the first timer is running and the second counter reaches the second threshold, stop the first timer; if the first timer expires, determine RLF; the first counter includes the number of consecutive out-of-sync indications (out-of-sync) received; the second counter includes the number of consecutive in-sync indications (in-sync) received.

[0274] As an embodiment, the first counter reaching the first threshold means that the first counter is not less than the first threshold; the second counter reaching the second threshold means that the second counter is not less than the second threshold.

[0275] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the not less than is greater than.

[0276] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the not less than is equal to.

[0277] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the not less than is equal to or greater than.

[0278] As an embodiment, the second threshold is indicated by RRC signaling.

[0279] As an embodiment, the second threshold is indicated by relevant information of the predicted RLF.

[0280] As an embodiment, the second threshold is determined by the terminal.

[0281] As an embodiment, the second threshold is a default threshold.

[0282] As an embodiment, the second threshold is dedicated to the RLF prediction.

[0283] As an embodiment, the second threshold is dedicated to the intelligent model used for the RLF prediction.

[0284] As an embodiment, there is no direct relationship between the first threshold and the second threshold.

[0285] As an embodiment, determining the RLF refers to detecting the RLF.

[0286] As an embodiment, determining RLF refers to detecting MCG RLF.

[0287] As an embodiment, the determining RLF means that the MCG is considered to be detected as RLF.

[0288] As an embodiment, the first counter is for PCell (Primary Cell) or MCG (Master Cell Group); RLF prediction is performed for PCell or MCG.

[0289] As an embodiment, the determining RLF means that the SCG is considered to be detected as RLF.

[0290] As an embodiment, determining RLF refers to detecting SCG RLF.

[0291] As an embodiment, the first counter performs RLF prediction for PSCell or SCG; for PSCell (Primary SCGCell) or SCG (Secondary Cell Group).

[0292] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction is performed by an intelligent model of the terminal for the RLF prediction.

[0293] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction is performed by the terminal based on UE implementation.

[0294] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction is performed by the terminal based on network configuration.

[0295] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction is performed by the terminal based on UE implementation and network configuration.

[0296] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction is based on the most recent measurement results.

[0297] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction is based on previous measurement results.

[0298] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction is based on information stored by the terminal.

[0299] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction is based on information provided by the network.

[0300] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction includes inference.

[0301] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction includes training.

[0302] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction includes training and inference.

[0303] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction includes predicting link quality.

[0304] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction includes predicting a synchronization indication.

[0305] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction includes predicting an out-of-sync indication.

[0306] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction includes predicting whether a timer has expired.

[0307] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction refers to predicting whether RLF will occur.

[0308] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction refers to predicting the probability of occurrence of RLF.

[0309] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction refers to predicting the time when the RLF occurs.

[0310] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction refers to predicting a time interval during which RLF will not occur.

[0311] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction refers to predicting the probability of occurrence of RLF that changes with time.

[0312] As an embodiment, for the terminal, AS security is activated, and at least one of SRB2 or at least one DRB or at least one multicast MRB is set; and the execution of RLF prediction is for MCG.

[0313] As an embodiment, for the terminal, T316 is not configured, or SCG transmission is suspended, or SCG is deactivated; and the execution of RLF prediction is for MCG.

[0314] As an embodiment, for the terminal, MCG transmission is suspended; and the performing of RLF prediction is for SCG.

[0315] As an embodiment, whether maintaining the first timer includes the first operation set depends on whether RLF is predicted.

[0316] As an embodiment, if RLF is predicted, maintaining the first timer includes the first set of operations.

[0317] As an embodiment, if RLF is predicted, maintaining the first timer includes: if the first counter reaches the first threshold, starting the first timer; if the first timer is running and the second counter reaches the second threshold, stopping the first timer; if the first timer expires, determining RLF; the first counter includes the number of consecutive out-of-sync indications (out-of-sync) received; the second counter includes the number of consecutive in-sync indications (in-sync) received.

[0318] As an embodiment, if RLF is not predicted, maintaining the first timer does not include at least one of the first set of operations, and maintaining the first timer includes at least one of the first set of operations.

[0319] As an embodiment, if RLF is not predicted, maintaining the first timer does not include one of the first set of operations.

[0320] As an embodiment, if RLF is not predicted, maintaining the first timer does not include two of the first set of operations.

[0321] As an embodiment, if RLF is not predicted, maintaining the first timer does not include the first set of operations.

[0322] As an embodiment, if RLF is not predicted, maintaining the first timer does not include: if the first timer expires, determining RLF; and maintaining the first timer includes: if the first counter reaches the first threshold, starting the first timer; if the first timer is running and the second counter reaches the second threshold, stopping the first timer.

[0323] As an embodiment, if RLF is not predicted, maintaining the first timer does not include: starting the first timer if the first counter reaches the first threshold.

[0324] As an embodiment, if RLF is not predicted, maintaining the first timer does not include: if the first timer is running and the second counter reaches the second threshold, stopping the first timer; if the first timer expires, determining RLF.

[0325] As an embodiment, if RLF is not predicted, maintaining the first timer does not include: using the first counter to count the number of consecutive out-of-sync indications received.

[0326] As an embodiment, if RLF is not predicted, maintaining the first timer does not include: using the second counter to count the number of consecutive in-sync indications received.

[0327] As an embodiment, if RLF is not predicted, maintaining the first timer does not include: if the first counter reaches the first threshold, starting the first timer; if the first timer is running and the second counter reaches the second threshold, stopping the first timer; if the first timer expires, determining RLF.

[0328] As an embodiment, if RLF is not predicted, maintaining the first timer does not include: if the first counter reaches the first threshold, starting the first timer; if the first timer is running and the second counter reaches the second threshold, stopping the first timer; if the first timer expires, determining RLF; the first counter includes the number of consecutive out-of-sync indications (out-of-sync) received; the second counter includes the number of consecutive in-sync indications (in-sync) received.

[0329] Example 2

[0330] Embodiment 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a network architecture according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in the attached Figure 2 Attached Figure 2The network architecture 200 is described. The network architecture 200 is a 5G NR (New Radio) / LTE (Long-Term Evolution) / LTE-A (Long-Term Evolution Advanced) system, or the network architecture 200 is a 5G+ network architecture, or the network architecture 200 is a 6G network architecture, or the network architecture 200 is a network architecture that 3GPP will continue to evolve in the future; the network architecture 200 may be called 5GS (5G System) / EPS (Evolved Packet System), or the network architecture 200 may be called 6GS (6G System); the network architecture 200 includes at least one of UE (User Equipment) 201, RAN (Radio Access Network) 202, core network 210, HSS (Home Subscriber Server) / UDM (Unified Data Management) 220 and Internet service 230. The network architecture 200 can be interconnected with other access networks, but these entities / interfaces are not shown for simplicity. As shown, the network architecture 200 provides packet switching services, but it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the various concepts presented throughout this application can be extended to networks or other cellular networks that provide circuit switching services. The RAN includes a node 203 and other nodes 204. The node 203 provides user and control plane protocol terminations toward the UE 201. The node 203 can be connected to other nodes 204 via an Xn interface (e.g., backhaul) / X2 interface. The node 203 may also be referred to as a base station, a base transceiver station, a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a transceiver function, a basic service set (BSS), an extended service set (ESS), a TRP (transmitting and receiving node) or some other suitable term. The core network 210 is a 5GC (5G Core Network, 5G core network) / EPC (Evolved Packet Core), or, the core network 210 is a 6GC; the node 203 provides an access point to the core network 210 for the UE 201. Examples of UE 201 include a cellular phone, a smart phone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a satellite radio, non-terrestrial base station communications, satellite mobile communications, a global positioning system, a multimedia device, a video device, a digital audio player (e.g., an MP3 player), a camera, a game console, a drone, an aircraft, a narrowband Internet of Things device, a machine type communication device, a land vehicle, an automobile, a wearable device, or any other similarly functional device.Those skilled in the art may also refer to UE201 as a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, a client, or some other suitable term. Node 203 is connected to the core network 210 via an S1 / NG interface. The core network 210 includes MME (Mobility Management Entity) / AMF (Authentication Management Field) / SMF (Session Management Function) 211, other MME / AMF / SMF 214, S-GW (Service Gateway) / UPF (User Plane Function) 212, and P-GW (Packet Data Network Gateway) / UPF 213. MME / AMF / SMF 211 is a control node that processes signaling between UE201 and the core network 210. In general, MME / AMF / SMF211 provides bearer and connection management. All user IP (Internet Protocol) packets are transmitted through S-GW / UPF212, which is itself connected to P-GW / UPF213. P-GW provides UE IP address allocation and other functions. P-GW / UPF213 is connected to Internet Service 230. Internet Service 230 includes operator-corresponding Internet Protocol services, which may specifically include Internet, Intranet, IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem) and packet-switched streaming services.

[0331] As an embodiment, the UE201 corresponds to the terminal in this application.

[0332] As an embodiment, the UE 201 is a user equipment (User Equipment, UE).

[0333] As an embodiment, the UE201 is a base station device (BaseStation, BS).

[0334] As an embodiment, the UE 201 is a relay device.

[0335] As an embodiment, the UE201 is a gateway device.

[0336] As an embodiment, the node 203 corresponds to the base station in this application.

[0337] As an embodiment, the node 203 is a base station device.

[0338] As an embodiment, the node 203 is a relay device.

[0339] As an embodiment, the node 203 is a gateway device.

[0340] As an embodiment, the user equipment supports intelligent functions.

[0341] As an embodiment, the user equipment supports an intelligent module.

[0342] As an embodiment, the user equipment supports an intelligent model.

[0343] As an embodiment, the user equipment supports an intelligent model for the RLF prediction.

[0344] As an embodiment, the user equipment supports RLF prediction.

[0345] As an embodiment, the user equipment supports 3GPP Release 19.

[0346] As an embodiment, the user equipment supports 5G.

[0347] As an embodiment, the user equipment supports 6G.

[0348] As an embodiment, the user equipment supports Radio Link Monitoring (RLM).

[0349] As an embodiment, the user equipment supports switching.

[0350] As an embodiment, the user equipment supports CHO.

[0351] As an embodiment, the user equipment supports cell selection.

[0352] As an embodiment, the user equipment supports transmission of a non-terrestrial network (NTN).

[0353] As an embodiment, the user equipment supports transmission of a terrestrial network (Terrestrial Network).

[0354] As an embodiment, the user equipment supports dual connection (DC) transmission.

[0355] As an embodiment, the user equipment includes a device supporting low-latency and high-reliability transmission.

[0356] As an embodiment, the user device may be a mobile terminal, which may be a mobile phone or an iPad or a computer or a watch or a ring; the user device may also be a wearable device, which may be a watch or a ring or a shoe or a hat or clothing or glasses, etc.; the user device may also be an aircraft; the user device may also be a vehicle-mounted terminal; the user device may also be a ship-mounted terminal; the user device may also be an Internet of Things terminal; the user device may also be an industrial Internet of Things terminal; the user device may also be a test device; the user device may also be a signaling tester; the user device may also be an IAB (Integrated Access and Backhaul)-MT.

[0357] As an embodiment, the base station device supports an intelligent model.

[0358] As an embodiment, the base station device supports intelligent functions.

[0359] As an embodiment, the base station device supports selection of an intelligent model.

[0360] As an embodiment, the base station device supports configuration of an intelligent model.

[0361] As an embodiment, the base station device supports configuring RLF prediction.

[0362] As an embodiment, the base station device supports transmission in a non-terrestrial network.

[0363] As an embodiment, the base station device supports transmission of a terrestrial network.

[0364] As an embodiment, the base station equipment includes a base transceiver station (Base Transceiver Station, BTS).

[0365] As an embodiment, the base station device includes a Node B (NodeB, NB); the Node B may be a gNB or an eNB or an ng-eNB or an en-gNB; the base station device may include a CU (Centralized Unit); the base station device may also include a DU (Distributed Unit); the base station device may also include a TRP (Transmitter Receiver Point).

[0366] As an embodiment, the base station device may be a macro cellular (Marco Cellular) base station or a micro cell (Micro Cell) base station or a pico cell (Pico Cell) base station or a home base station (Femtocell); the base station device may also be a flight platform device or a satellite device; the base station device may also be a test device or a signaling tester; the base station device may also be a gateway device; the base station device may also be an IAB device; the IAB device includes at least one of IAB-node or IAB-donor or IAB-donor-CU or IAB-donor-DU or IAB-DU or IAB-MT.

[0367] As an embodiment, the relay device may include a relay; the relay may be an L3 relay or an L2 relay; the relay device may also include a router; the relay device may also include a switch; the relay device may also include a gateway device; the relay device may also include at least part of a user device; the relay device may also include at least part of a base station device.

[0368] Example 3

[0369] Embodiment 3 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a wireless protocol architecture of a user plane and a control plane according to the present application, as shown in the attached Figure 3 shown. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of a radio protocol architecture for a user plane 350 and a control plane 300, Figure 3The radio protocol architecture for the control plane 300 is shown in three layers: Layer 1, Layer 2, and Layer 3. Layer 1 (L1 layer) is the lowest layer and implements various PHY (physical layer) signal processing functions. The L1 layer will be referred to as PHY 301 in this article. Layer 2 (L2 layer) 305 is above PHY 301 and includes a MAC (Medium Access Control) sublayer 302, an RLC (Radio Link Control) sublayer 303, and a PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) sublayer 304. The PDCP sublayer 304 provides multiplexing between different radio bearers and logical channels. The PDCP sublayer 304 also provides security by encrypting data packets, and provides inter-zone mobility support. The RLC sublayer 303 provides segmentation and reassembly of upper layer data packets, retransmission of lost data packets, and reordering of data packets to compensate for out-of-order reception due to HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request). The MAC sublayer 302 provides multiplexing between logical and transport channels. The MAC sublayer 302 is also responsible for allocating various radio resources (e.g., resource blocks) in a cell. The MAC sublayer 302 is also responsible for HARQ operations. The RRC (Radio Resource Control) sublayer 306 in layer 3 (L3 layer) in the control plane 300 is responsible for obtaining radio resources (i.e., radio bearers) and using RRC signaling to configure the lower layers. The radio protocol architecture of the user plane 350 includes layer 1 (L1 layer) and layer 2 (L2 layer). In the user plane 350, the radio protocol architecture is substantially the same as the corresponding layers and sublayers in the control plane 300 for the physical layer 351, the PDCP sublayer 354 in the L2 layer 355, the RLC sublayer 353 in the L2 layer 355, and the MAC sublayer 352 in the L2 layer 355, but the PDCP sublayer 354 also provides header compression for upper layer data packets to reduce radio transmission overhead. The L2 layer 355 in the user plane 350 also includes a SDAP (Service Data Adaptation Protocol) sublayer 356. The SDAP sublayer 356 is responsible for mapping between QoS flows and data radio bearers (DRBs) to support service diversity.

[0370] As an example, Figure 3 The wireless protocol architecture in is applicable to the terminal described in this application.

[0371] As an example, Figure 3The wireless protocol architecture in is applicable to the base station described in this application.

[0372] As an embodiment, the first signaling in the present application is generated in the RRC306.

[0373] As an embodiment, the first signaling in the present application is generated by the MAC302 or MAC352.

[0374] As an embodiment, the first signaling in the present application is generated in the PHY301 or PHY351.

[0375] As an embodiment, the second signaling in the present application is generated in the RRC306.

[0376] As an embodiment, the second signaling in the present application is generated by the MAC302 or MAC352.

[0377] As an embodiment, the second signaling in the present application is generated in the PHY301 or PHY351.

[0378] As an embodiment, the at least first reference signal in the present application is generated by the PHY301 or PHY351.

[0379] As an embodiment, the first notification is sent at a first designated protocol layer of the terminal.

[0380] As an embodiment, the second notification is sent at a first designated protocol layer of the terminal.

[0381] As an embodiment, the first specified protocol layer is the Figure 3 A protocol layer is shown.

[0382] As an embodiment, the first specified protocol layer is the Figure 3 A protocol layer other than the one shown ( Figure 3 not included).

[0383] As an embodiment, the first notification is received at a second designated protocol layer of the terminal.

[0384] As an embodiment, the second notification is received at a second designated protocol layer of the terminal.

[0385] As an embodiment, the second specified protocol layer is the Figure 3 A protocol layer is shown.

[0386] As an embodiment, the second designated protocol layer is the RRC306.

[0387] Example 4

[0388] Embodiment 4 shows a schematic diagram of a first communication device and a second communication device according to the present application, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 4 shown. Figure 4 is a block diagram of a first communication device 450 and a second communication device 410 communicating with each other in an access network.

[0389] The first communication device 450 includes a controller / processor 459, a memory 460, a data source 467, a transmit processor 468, a receive processor 456, a multi-antenna transmit processor 457, a multi-antenna receive processor 458, a transmitter / receiver 454 and an antenna 452.

[0390] The second communication device 410 includes a controller / processor 475 , a memory 476 , a receive processor 470 , a transmit processor 416 , a multi-antenna receive processor 472 , a multi-antenna transmit processor 471 , a transmitter / receiver 418 and an antenna 420 .

[0391] In transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450, at the second communication device 410, upper layer data packets from the core network are provided to the controller / processor 475. The controller / processor 475 implements the functionality of the L2 layer. In transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450, the controller / processor 475 provides header compression, encryption, packet segmentation and reordering, multiplexing between logical and transport channels, and radio resource allocation to the first communication device 450 based on various priority metrics. The controller / processor 475 is also responsible for retransmission of lost packets and signaling to the first communication device 450. The transmit processor 416 and the multi-antenna transmit processor 471 implement various signal processing functions for the L1 layer (i.e., the physical layer). The transmit processor 416 implements coding and interleaving to facilitate forward error correction (FEC) at the second communication device 410, as well as mapping of signal constellations based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), M-phase shift keying (M-PSK), M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM)). The multi-antenna transmit processor 471 performs digital spatial precoding, including codebook-based precoding and non-codebook-based precoding, and beamforming processing on the coded and modulated symbols to generate one or more spatial streams. The transmit processor 416 then maps each spatial stream to a subcarrier, multiplexes it with a reference signal (e.g., a pilot) in the time domain and / or frequency domain, and then uses an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to generate a physical channel carrying a time-domain multi-carrier symbol stream. The multi-antenna transmit processor 471 then performs a transmit analog precoding / beamforming operation on the time-domain multi-carrier symbol stream. Each transmitter 418 converts the baseband multi-carrier symbol stream provided by the multi-antenna transmit processor 471 into a radio frequency stream, and then provides it to a different antenna 420.

[0392] In the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450, at the first communication device 450, each receiver 454 receives a signal through its corresponding antenna 452. Each receiver 454 recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and converts the RF stream into a baseband multi-carrier symbol stream and provides it to the receiving processor 456. The receiving processor 456 and the multi-antenna receiving processor 458 implement various signal processing functions of the L1 layer. The multi-antenna receiving processor 458 performs a receiving analog precoding / beamforming operation on the baseband multi-carrier symbol stream from the receiver 454. The receiving processor 456 uses a fast Fourier transform (FFT) to convert the baseband multi-carrier symbol stream after the receiving analog precoding / beamforming operation from the time domain to the frequency domain. In the frequency domain, the physical layer data signal and the reference signal are demultiplexed by the receiving processor 456, wherein the reference signal will be used for channel estimation, and the data signal is recovered after multi-antenna detection in the multi-antenna receiving processor 458 to any spatial stream destined for the first communication device 450. The symbols on each spatial stream are demodulated and recovered in the receiving processor 456, and soft decisions are generated. The receiving processor 456 then decodes and deinterleaves the soft decisions to recover the upper layer data and control signals transmitted by the second communication device 410 on the physical channel. The upper layer data and control signals are then provided to the controller / processor 459. The controller / processor 459 implements the functions of the L2 layer. The controller / processor 459 may be associated with a memory 460 that stores program codes and data. The memory 460 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450, the controller / processor 459 provides multiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing to recover the upper layer data packets from the core network. The upper layer data packets are then provided to all protocol layers above the L2 layer. Various control signals may also be provided to L3 for L3 processing.

[0393] In the transmission from the first communication device 450 to the second communication device 410, at the first communication device 450, a data source 467 is used to provide upper layer data packets to the controller / processor 459. The data source 467 represents all protocol layers above the L2 layer. Similar to the transmission function at the second communication device 410 described in the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450, the controller / processor 459 implements header compression, encryption, packet segmentation and reordering, and multiplexing between logical and transport channels based on radio resource allocation, and implements L2 layer functions for user plane and control plane. The controller / processor 459 is also responsible for the retransmission of lost packets and signaling to the second communication device 410. The transmit processor 468 performs modulation mapping and channel coding processing, and the multi-antenna transmit processor 457 performs digital multi-antenna spatial precoding, including codebook-based precoding and non-codebook-based precoding, and beamforming processing. Then, the transmit processor 468 modulates the generated spatial stream into a multi-carrier / single-carrier symbol stream, which is then provided to different antennas 452 via the transmitter 454 after analog precoding / beamforming operations in the multi-antenna transmit processor 457. Each transmitter 454 first converts the baseband symbol stream provided by the multi-antenna transmit processor 457 into a radio frequency symbol stream, and then provides it to the antenna 452.

[0394] In the transmission from the first communication device 450 to the second communication device 410, the function at the second communication device 410 is similar to the reception function at the first communication device 450 described in the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450. Each receiver 418 receives a radio frequency signal through its corresponding antenna 420, converts the received radio frequency signal into a baseband signal, and provides the baseband signal to the multi-antenna reception processor 472 and the reception processor 470. The reception processor 470 and the multi-antenna reception processor 472 jointly implement the functions of the L1 layer. The controller / processor 475 implements the L2 layer functions. The controller / processor 475 can be associated with a memory 476 storing program codes and data. The memory 476 can be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the transmission from the first communication device 450 to the second communication device 410, the controller / processor 475 provides multiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, control signal processing to recover the upper layer data packets from the UE 450. Upper layer packets from controller / processor 475 may be provided to the core network.

[0395] As an embodiment, the first communication device 450 includes: at least one processor and at least one memory, the at least one memory including computer program code; the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to be used together with the at least one processor, and the first communication device 450 at least: receives a first signaling; wherein the first signaling indicates a first threshold and a second threshold; maintains a first timer; wherein whether the maintenance of the first timer includes a first operation set depends on whether RLF (Radio Link Failure) is predicted; the first operation set includes: if the first counter reaches the first threshold, start the first timer; if the first timer is running and the second counter reaches the second threshold, stop the first timer; if the first timer expires, determine RLF; the first counter includes the number of consecutive out-of-sync indications (out-of-sync) received; the second counter includes the number of consecutive in-sync indications (in-sync) received; wherein whether the maintenance of the first timer includes the first operation set depends on whether RLF is predicted, including: if RLF is predicted, the maintenance of the first timer includes the first operation set; if RLF is not predicted, the maintenance of the first timer does not include at least one of the first operation sets.

[0396] As an embodiment, the first communication device 450 includes: a memory storing a computer-readable instruction program, wherein the computer-readable instruction program generates an action when executed by at least one processor, the action including: receiving a first signaling; wherein the first signaling indicates a first threshold and a second threshold; maintaining a first timer; wherein whether the maintaining of the first timer includes a first operation set depends on whether RLF (Radio Link Failure) is predicted; the first operation set includes: if the first counter reaches the first threshold, starting the first timer; if the first timer is running and the second counter reaches the second threshold, stopping the first timer; if the first timer expires, determining RLF; the first counter includes the number of consecutive out-of-sync indications (out-of-sync) received; the second counter includes the number of consecutive in-sync indications (in-sync) received; wherein whether the maintaining of the first timer includes the first operation set depends on whether RLF is predicted and includes: if RLF is predicted, the maintaining of the first timer includes the first operation set; if RLF is not predicted, the maintaining of the first timer does not include at least one of the first operation sets.

[0397] As an embodiment, the second communication device 410 includes: at least one processor and at least one memory, the at least one memory includes computer program code; the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to be used with the at least one processor. The second communication device 410 at least:

[0398] Send a first signaling; wherein the first signaling indicates a first threshold and a second threshold; wherein the receiver of the first signaling maintains a first timer; whether the maintaining of the first timer includes a first operation set depends on whether RLF is predicted; the first operation set includes: if the first counter reaches the first threshold, start the first timer; if the first timer is running and the second counter reaches the second threshold, stop the first timer; if the first timer expires, determine RLF; the first counter includes the number of consecutive out-of-sync indications received; the second counter includes the number of consecutive synchronization indications received; wherein whether the maintaining of the first timer includes the first operation set depends on whether RLF is predicted and includes: if RLF is predicted, the maintaining of the first timer includes the first operation set; if RLF is not predicted, the maintaining of the first timer does not include at least one of the first operation sets.

[0399] As an embodiment, the second communication device 410 includes: a memory storing a computer-readable instruction program, wherein the computer-readable instruction program generates an action when executed by at least one processor, the action including: sending a first signaling; wherein the first signaling indicates a first threshold and a second threshold; wherein the receiver of the first signaling maintains a first timer; whether the maintenance of the first timer includes a first operation set depends on whether RLF is predicted; the first operation set includes: if the first counter reaches the first threshold, start the first timer; if the first timer is running and the second counter reaches the second threshold, stop the first timer; if the first timer expires, determine RLF; the first counter includes the number of consecutive out-of-sync indications received; the second counter includes the number of consecutive synchronization indications received; wherein whether the maintenance of the first timer includes the first operation set depends on whether RLF is predicted and includes: if RLF is predicted, the maintenance of the first timer includes the first operation set; if RLF is not predicted, the maintenance of the first timer does not include at least one of the first operation sets.

[0400] As an embodiment, at least one of the antenna 452, the receiver 454, the receiving processor 456, and the controller / processor 459 is used to receive the first signaling.

[0401] As an embodiment, at least one of the antenna 420, the transmitter 418, the transmit processor 416, and the controller / processor 475 is used to send the first signaling.

[0402] As an embodiment, at least one of the antenna 452, the transmitter 454, the transmit processor 468, and the controller / processor 459 is used to send at least a first reference signal.

[0403] As an embodiment, at least one of the antenna 420, the receiver 418, the receive processor 470, and the controller / processor 475 is used to receive at least a first reference signal.

[0404] As an embodiment, the first communication device 450 corresponds to the terminal in this application.

[0405] As an embodiment, the second communication device 410 corresponds to the base station in this application.

[0406] As an embodiment, the first communication device 450 is a user equipment.

[0407] As an embodiment, the first communication device 450 is a base station device.

[0408] As an embodiment, the first communication device 450 is a relay device.

[0409] As an embodiment, the first communication device 450 performs the RLF prediction.

[0410] As an embodiment, optionally, the first communication device 450 includes the attached Fig.14 The smart module 1501 ( Figure 4 not included).

[0411] As an embodiment, optionally, the first communication device 450 includes the attached Fig.15 The third module in Figure 4 not included).

[0412] As an embodiment, optionally, the first communication device 450 includes the attached Fig.17 Reasoning function in 1806( Figure 4 not included).

[0413] As an embodiment, the second communication device 410 is a user equipment.

[0414] As an embodiment, the second communication device 410 is a base station device.

[0415] As an embodiment, the second communication device 410 is a relay device.

[0416] As an embodiment, optionally, the second communication device 410 assists in performing the RLF prediction.

[0417] As an embodiment, optionally, the second communication device 410 includes the attached Fig.16 An inference function in Figure 4 not included).

[0418] As an embodiment, optionally, the second communication device 410 includes the attached Fig.17 Training function 1805 in the RAN domain Figure 4 not included).

[0419] Example 5

[0420] Embodiment 5 illustrates a wireless signal transmission flow chart according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in the attached Figure 5 It is particularly noted that the order in this example does not limit the signal transmission order and implementation order in this application.

[0421] for Terminal U01 In step S5101, a first signaling is received; wherein the first signaling indicates a first threshold and a second threshold; in step S5102, at least a first reference signal is received; in step S5103, a second signaling is received; wherein the second signaling enables RLF prediction; in step S5104, RLF prediction is performed; in step S5105, it is determined whether RLF is predicted, if RLF is predicted, step S5106 is performed, otherwise, step S5106 is not performed; in step S5106, it is determined whether the first counter reaches the first threshold, if the first counter reaches the first threshold a threshold, execute step S5107, otherwise, do not execute step S5107; in step S5107, start the first timer; in step S5108, determine whether the second counter reaches the second threshold, if the second counter reaches the second threshold, execute step S5109, otherwise, execute step S5110; in step S5109, stop the first timer; in step S5110, determine whether the first timer expires; if the first timer expires, execute step S5111, otherwise, do not execute step S5111; in step S5111, determine RLF.

[0422] for Base Station N02 In step S5201, a first signaling is sent; in step S5202, at least a first reference signal is sent; in step S5203, a second signaling is sent.

[0423] As an embodiment, the base station N02 is the base station to which the service cell of the terminal U01 belongs.

[0424] As an embodiment, the base station N02 is the base station to which the PCell of the terminal U01 belongs.

[0425] As an embodiment, the base station N02 is the base station to which the PSCell of the terminal U01 belongs.

[0426] As an embodiment, the base station N02 is a MN (Master Node).

[0427] As an embodiment, the base station N02 is a SN (Secondary Node).

[0428] As an embodiment, the terminal U01 and the base station N02 are connected wirelessly.

[0429] As an embodiment, the terminal U01 and the base station N02 are connected via a wired connection.

[0430] As an embodiment, the terminal U01 and the base station N02 are connected via a Uu port.

[0431] As an embodiment, the terminal U01 and the base station N02 are connected via an IAB port.

[0432] As an embodiment, the terminal U01 and the base station N02 are connected via a PC5 interface.

[0433] As an embodiment, the second signaling is cell common.

[0434] As an embodiment, the second signaling is UE specific.

[0435] As an embodiment, the second signaling is RRC (Radio Resource Control) signaling.

[0436] As an embodiment, the second signaling includes RRC signaling and MAC (Medium Access Control) CE (Control Element).

[0437] As an embodiment, the second signaling includes RRC signaling and DCI (Downlink Control Information).

[0438] As an embodiment, the second signaling activates the intelligent model used for the RLF prediction.

[0439] As an embodiment, the second signaling enables an intelligent model for the RLF prediction.

[0440] As an embodiment, the second signaling indicates parameters of the intelligent model used for the RLF prediction.

[0441] As an embodiment, the parameters of the intelligent model for RLF prediction include an identifier of the intelligent model for RLF prediction.

[0442] As an embodiment, the parameters of the intelligent model used for the RLF prediction include the type of the intelligent model used for the RLF prediction.

[0443] As an embodiment, the parameters of the intelligent model for the RLF prediction include the current value of the first counter.

[0444] As an embodiment, the second signaling triggering the execution of RLF prediction means that: the second signaling requests the execution of RLF prediction.

[0445] As an embodiment, the second signaling triggering the execution of RLF prediction means that: the second signaling indicates the execution of RLF prediction.

[0446] As an embodiment, the second signaling triggering the execution of RLF prediction means: when the second signaling is received, the RLF prediction is executed.

[0447] As an embodiment, when receiving the second signaling, how the terminal U01 notifies the intelligent module 1501 in Embodiment 14 depends on the UE implementation.

[0448] As an embodiment, optionally, the terminal U01 receives a second signaling; wherein the second signaling enables the RLF prediction.

[0449] As an embodiment, the “if RLF is predicted, maintaining the first timer including the first operation set” relies on the second signaling to enable the RLF prediction.

[0450] As an embodiment, the second signaling indicates a parameter of at least one enabled intelligent model; optionally, the parameter may be an identifier of the intelligent model, a type of the intelligent model, a function of the intelligent model, etc.

[0451] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, one of the at least one intelligent models enabled by the second signaling indication is an intelligent model used for the RLF prediction.

[0452] As an embodiment, the second signaling includes an RRC message; the one RRC message enables the RLF prediction.

[0453] As an embodiment, the second signaling includes a MAC CE; the one MAC CE enables the RLF prediction.

[0454] As an embodiment, the second signaling includes a DCI; the DCI enables the RLF prediction.

[0455] As an embodiment, the enabling includes enable.

[0456] As an embodiment, the enabling includes activating.

[0457] As an embodiment, the enabling includes enabling.

[0458] As an embodiment, the enabling includes making effective.

[0459] As an embodiment, the enabling includes triggering.

[0460] As an embodiment, the sender of the at least first reference signal is a base station maintaining the cell or cell group targeted by the first timer.

[0461] As an embodiment, the receiving of at least a first reference signal includes: receiving the first reference signal at each available reception opportunity of each reference signal in the at least first reference signal.

[0462] As an embodiment, the receiving at least a first reference signal includes: receiving the first reference signal at at least one available reception opportunity of each reference signal in the at least first reference signal.

[0463] As an embodiment, an available reception opportunity of a reference signal is a time-frequency resource configured for the reference signal.

[0464] As an embodiment, an available reception opportunity for a reference signal is a time-frequency resource that is configured for the reference signal and does not overlap with a designated time-frequency resource.

[0465] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the designated time-frequency resources include an active measurement gap.

[0466] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the priority of transmission on the designated time-frequency resources is higher than that of the one reference signal.

[0467] As an embodiment, the sender of the at least first reference signal is the cell targeted by the RLF prediction.

[0468] As an embodiment, the at least first reference signal is a physical layer signal.

[0469] As an embodiment, the at least first reference signal is a reference signal (Reference Signal).

[0470] As an embodiment, any reference signal among the at least first reference signals is used for RLF prediction.

[0471] As an embodiment, any reference signal among the at least first reference signals is used for RLM (Radio Link Monitoring).

[0472] As an embodiment, any reference signal among the at least first reference signals is used for RLM and RLF prediction.

[0473] As an embodiment, the at least first reference signal is of downlink (DL).

[0474] As an embodiment, the at least first reference signal is of a sidelink (Sidelink, SL).

[0475] As an embodiment, the at least first reference signal is periodic.

[0476] As an embodiment, the at least first reference signal is semi-continuous.

[0477] As an embodiment, the at least first reference signal includes a synchronization signal (SynchronizationSignal).

[0478] As an embodiment, each reference signal in the at least first reference signal is an SSB (Synchronization Signal Block, or SS / PBCH).

[0479] As an embodiment, the at least first reference signal is a synchronization signal (SynchronizationSignal).

[0480] As an embodiment, each reference signal in the at least first reference signal is a CSI-RS (Channel State Information Reference Signal).

[0481] As an embodiment, the at least first reference signal is indicated by RRC signaling.

[0482] As an embodiment, the at least first reference signal is determined by the terminal U01.

[0483] As an embodiment, the at least first reference signal is the first reference signal.

[0484] As an embodiment, the at least first reference signal is a plurality of reference signals; the plurality of reference signals include at least the first reference signal.

[0485] As an embodiment, the at least first reference signal does not exceed M1 reference signals; and M1 is a positive integer.

[0486] As an embodiment, the M1 relies on L in TS 38.213 max .

[0487] As an embodiment, the M1 is N in TS 38.213 RLM .

[0488] As an embodiment, M1 is 2 or 4 or 8.

[0489] As an embodiment, M1 is not greater than 8.

[0490] As an embodiment, M1 is not greater than 16.

[0491] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction includes predicting a link quality for the at least first reference signal.

[0492] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction includes predicting a synchronization indication; the synchronization indication depends on the at least first reference signal.

[0493] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction includes predicting the number of synchronization indications; the synchronization indications depend on the at least first reference signal.

[0494] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction includes predicting an out-of-sync indication; the out-of-sync indication depends on the at least first reference signal.

[0495] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction includes predicting the number of out-of-sync indications; the out-of-sync indications depend on the at least first reference signal.

[0496] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction depends on the at least first reference signal.

[0497] As an embodiment, the RLF prediction relies on a measurement result of the at least first reference signal.

[0498] As an embodiment, the input of the intelligent model for RLF prediction includes measurement results for the at least first reference signal.

[0499] As an embodiment, the reasoning of the intelligent model for the RLF prediction relies on the measurement results for the at least first reference signal.

[0500] As an embodiment, the measurement result for the at least first reference signal includes: at least one measurement value for the at least first reference signal.

[0501] As an embodiment, the measurement result for the at least first reference signal includes: at least one measurement value for each reference signal in the at least first reference signal.

[0502] As an embodiment, the at least one measurement value is only one measurement value.

[0503] As an embodiment, the at least one measurement value is a plurality of measurement values.

[0504] As an embodiment, the plurality of measurement values ​​are obtained at different times.

[0505] As an embodiment, the multiple measurements are obtained at the same time.

[0506] As an embodiment, the measurement value is RSRP (Reference Signal Receiving Power).

[0507] As an embodiment, the measurement value is RSRQ (Reference Signal Receiving Power).

[0508] As an embodiment, the measurement value is SINR (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio).

[0509] As an embodiment, optionally, the terminal U01 sends the first UE capability information (the attached Figure 5 Not shown); wherein, the first UE capability information indicates that the terminal U01 supports RLF prediction.

[0510] As an embodiment, "whether maintaining the first timer includes the first operation set depends on whether RLF is predicted" depends on the first UE capability information indicating that the terminal U01 supports RLF prediction.

[0511] As an embodiment, under the premise that the first UE capability information indicates that the terminal U01 supports RLF prediction, if the first counter reaches a second threshold, RLF prediction is performed.

[0512] As an embodiment, the first UE capability information includes an RRC message; the one RRC message indicates that the terminal U01 supports RLF prediction.

[0513] As an embodiment, the first UE capability information includes an RRC message and a MAC CE; the one RRC message indicates multiple UE capabilities; and the one MAC CE indicates that the terminal U01 supports RLF prediction from the multiple UE capabilities.

[0514] As an embodiment, the RRC message is a UECapabilityInformation message.

[0515] As an embodiment, the RRC message is a UEAssistanceInformation message.

[0516] As an embodiment, the first UE capability information indicates the parameters of at least one intelligent model supported by the terminal U01; optionally, the parameter may be an identifier of the intelligent model, a type of the intelligent model, a function of the intelligent model, etc.

[0517] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, one of the at least one intelligent model supported by the terminal U01 is an intelligent model used for the RLF prediction.

[0518] As an embodiment, the first UE capability information indicates that the terminal U01 supports RLF prediction.

[0519] As an embodiment, the first UE capability information indicates RLF prediction from RLF prediction and HOF prediction.

[0520] As an embodiment, the first UE capability information indicates both RLF prediction and HOF prediction from among RLF prediction and HOF prediction.

[0521] As an embodiment, determining whether the first counter reaches the first threshold depends on whether the intelligent model predicts RLF.

[0522] As an embodiment, if RLF is predicted, it is determined whether the first counter reaches a first threshold.

[0523] As an embodiment, if RLF is not predicted, it is not necessary to determine whether the first counter reaches the first threshold.

[0524] As an embodiment, when the first counter reaches the first threshold, the first timer is started.

[0525] As an embodiment, the first counter is counter N310.

[0526] As an embodiment, the first threshold is threshold N310, which is indicated by the first signaling.

[0527] As an embodiment, the first timer is T310.

[0528] As an embodiment, when the first counter reaches the first threshold and the second counter does not reach the second threshold, the first timer is running.

[0529] As an embodiment, the second counter is counter N311.

[0530] As an embodiment, the second threshold is threshold N311, indicated by the first signaling.

[0531] As an embodiment, when the second counter reaches the second threshold, the first timer is stopped.

[0532] As an embodiment, if the second counter has not reached the second threshold when the first timer expires, RLF is determined.

[0533] As an embodiment, the expiration of the first timer means that the first timer exceeds the first time window.

[0534] As an embodiment, the expiration of the first timer means that the time of the first timer is greater than or equal to the first time window.

[0535] As an embodiment, the expiration of the first timer means that the time of the first timer is greater than the first time window.

[0536] As an embodiment, the expiration of the first timer means that the time of the first timer is equal to the first time window.

[0537] As an embodiment, determining the RLF refers to detecting the RLF.

[0538] As an embodiment, determining RLF refers to detecting MCG RLF.

[0539] As an embodiment, the determining RLF means that the MCG is considered to be detected as RLF.

[0540] As an embodiment, the determining RLF means that the SCG is considered to be detected as RLF.

[0541] As an embodiment, determining RLF refers to detecting SCG RLF.

[0542] Example 6

[0543] Embodiment 6 illustrates a wireless signal transmission flow chart according to another embodiment of the present application, as shown in the attached Figure 6 It is particularly noted that the order in this example does not limit the signal transmission order and implementation order in this application.

[0544] for Terminal U01 In step S6101, RLF is predicted; in step S6102, a first timer is maintained including a first operation set.

[0545] As an embodiment, maintaining the first timer to include the first operation set is: executing all operations in the first operation set.

[0546] As an embodiment, maintaining the first timer to include the first operation set is: operating the first timer and executing all operations in the first operation set.

[0547] As an embodiment, maintaining the first timer includes a first set of operations: if the first counter reaches the first threshold, start the first timer; if the first timer is running and the second counter reaches the second threshold, stop the first timer; if the first timer expires, determine RLF; the first counter includes the number of consecutive out-of-sync indications (out-of-sync) received; the second counter includes the number of consecutive in-sync indications (in-sync) received.

[0548] As an embodiment, maintaining the first timer includes a first set of operations as long as RLF is predicted.

[0549] As an embodiment, if RLF is predicted, maintaining the first timer includes a first set of operations.

[0550] As an embodiment, on the premise that at least RLF is predicted, maintaining the first timer includes a first set of operations.

[0551] As an embodiment, in response to predicting the RLF, maintaining the first timer includes a first set of operations that is independent of the time of occurrence of the predicted RLF.

[0552] As an embodiment, the terminal U01 predicts RLF based on UE implementation.

[0553] As an embodiment, the terminal U01 predicts RLF based on protocol regulations.

[0554] As an embodiment, the terminal U01 predicts the RLF based on an intelligent model.

[0555] As an embodiment, the terminal U01 predicts the RLF based on the intelligent model used for the RLF prediction.

[0556] As an embodiment, predicting RLF means: predicting N310 consecutive out-of-sync indications; N310 is a positive integer.

[0557] As an embodiment, the predicting of RLF means: predicting that the number of consecutive out-of-sync indications will reach N310; and N310 is a positive integer.

[0558] As an embodiment, the predicting of RLF means: predicting that the number of consecutive out-of-sync indications within the first time window will reach N310; and N310 is a positive integer.

[0559] As an embodiment, the predicting of RLF refers to predicting that the first timer will expire.

[0560] As an embodiment, the predicting of RLF means: predicting that RLF will occur.

[0561] As an embodiment, predicting the RLF means predicting that a first indicator of the occurrence of the RLF will reach a first threshold.

[0562] As an embodiment, the first indicator includes: BLER (Block Error Rate).

[0563] As an embodiment, the first indicator includes: RSRP.

[0564] As an embodiment, the first indicator includes: RSRQ.

[0565] As an embodiment, the first indicator includes: probability.

[0566] As an embodiment, the first indicator includes: credibility.

[0567] As an embodiment, the response to the predicted RLF refers to: when the predicted RLF is predicted.

[0568] As an embodiment, the response to the predicted RLF refers to: once the predicted RLF is predicted.

[0569] As an embodiment, the response to the predicted RLF refers to: at least after the predicted RLF is predicted.

[0570] As an embodiment, maintaining the first timer is starting the first timer.

[0571] As an embodiment, maintaining the first timer is stopping the first timer.

[0572] As an embodiment, maintaining the first timer is changing the value of the first timer.

[0573] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the change is an increase.

[0574] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the change is a reduction.

[0575] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the value of the first timer is changed according to RRC configuration.

[0576] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the value of the first timer is changed according to the predicted relevant information of the RLF.

[0577] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, changing the value of the first timer means changing the current value of the first timer.

[0578] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the changing the value of the first timer means changing the value of the first timer when it is started next time.

[0579] Example 7

[0580] Embodiment 7 illustrates a wireless signal transmission flow chart according to another embodiment of the present application, as shown in the attached Figure 7 It is particularly noted that the order in this example does not limit the signal transmission order and implementation order in this application.

[0581] for Terminal U01In step S7101, determine whether RLF is predicted. If RLF is predicted, execute step S7102, otherwise, do not execute step S7102; in step S7102, determine whether the first timer has expired. If the first timer has expired, execute step S7103, otherwise, do not execute step S7103; in step S7103, determine RLF based on the measurement result; in step S7104, start RRC connection reconstruction as a response to determining RLF.

[0582] As an embodiment, the meaning of predicting RLF is referred to in Embodiment 6, which will not be repeated here.

[0583] As an embodiment, the “determining RLF according to the measurement result” includes: if the first counter reaches the first threshold, starting the first timer.

[0584] As an embodiment, the “determining RLF based on the measurement result” includes: if the first timer is running and the second counter reaches the second threshold, stopping the first timer.

[0585] As an embodiment, the "determining RLF according to the measurement result" includes: if the first timer expires, determining RLF.

[0586] As an embodiment, the “according to the measurement result” refers to changing the first counter according to the measurement result.

[0587] As an embodiment, the “according to the measurement result” means changing the second counter according to the measurement result.

[0588] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the change is an increase.

[0589] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the change is no increase.

[0590] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the change is a reset.

[0591] As an embodiment, once RLF is determined, RRC connection reestablishment is initiated.

[0592] As an embodiment, if RLF is determined, RRC connection reestablishment is initiated.

[0593] As an embodiment, RRC connection reconstruction is initiated on the premise that at least RLF is determined.

[0594] As an embodiment, initiating RRC connection reestablishment in response to determining RLF is independent of the time of occurrence of the determined RLF.

[0595] As an embodiment, RLF is determined after the RLF is predicted and before the RRC connection reconstruction is started.

[0596] As an embodiment, after the RLF is not predicted, there is no need to determine the RLF.

[0597] As an embodiment, after RLF is not predicted, there is no need to initiate RRC connection reestablishment.

[0598] As an embodiment, after RLF is not predicted, there is no need to determine RLF and there is no need to initiate RRC connection reconstruction.

[0599] As an embodiment, no legitimate event that triggers the determination of RLF is detected within a time interval between the prediction of RLF and the initiation of RRC connection reestablishment.

[0600] As an embodiment, the legal event that triggers the determination of RLF includes: expiration of the first timer.

[0601] As an embodiment, the legal event triggering the determination of RLF includes: T312 expiration.

[0602] As an embodiment, the legal events triggering the determination of RLF include: receiving a random access (Random Access) problem indication from the MCG MAC and T300, T301, T304, T311, T316 and T319 are not running and the SDT (Small Data Transmission) process is not in progress.

[0603] As an embodiment, the legal events triggering the determination of RLF include: reaching the maximum number of RLC retransmissions and the SDT process is no longer in progress.

[0604] As an embodiment, the legal event that triggers the determination of RLF includes: receiving a continuous uplink LBT (Listen Before Talk) failure indication from MCG MAC.

[0605] As an embodiment, the legal event that triggers the determination of RLF includes: T304 of MCG expires.

[0606] Example 8

[0607] Figure 8 A wireless signal transmission flow chart according to another embodiment of the present application is shown in the attached Figure 8 It is particularly noted that the order in this example does not limit the signal transmission order and implementation order in this application.

[0608] for Terminal U01 In step S8101, perform RLF prediction. If RLF is predicted, execute step S8102(a), otherwise, execute step S8102(b); in step S8102(a), send a first notification; in step S8103(b), receive the first notification; in step S8102(b), send a second notification; in step S8103(b), receive the second notification; in step S8104, maintain a first timer including a first operation set.

[0609] In Embodiment 8, the first notification indicates that the RLF is predicted; and the second notification indicates that the RLF is not predicted.

[0610] As an embodiment, the prediction of RLF and the maintenance of the first timer including the first operation set refer to Embodiment 6, which will not be repeated here.

[0611] As an embodiment, the first notification is an indication.

[0612] As an embodiment, the first notification is a notification.

[0613] As an embodiment, the first notification is a cross-layer indication.

[0614] As an embodiment, the first notification is a cross-entity indication.

[0615] As an embodiment, the first notification is within the terminal U01.

[0616] As an embodiment, the first notification is sent and received in the terminal U01.

[0617] As an embodiment, when RLF is predicted, the first notification is sent.

[0618] As an embodiment, when it is predicted that RLF will occur within the first time window, the first notification is sent.

[0619] As an embodiment, the first notification is sent when it is predicted that the number of consecutive predicted out-of-sync indications within the first time window reaches a third threshold.

[0620] As an embodiment, the second signaling indicates the third threshold.

[0621] As an embodiment, the first notification indicates the predicted RLF.

[0622] As an embodiment, the first notification indicates that RLF will occur within the first time window.

[0623] As an embodiment, the first notification indicates that the number of consecutive predicted out-of-sync indications within the first time window reaches a third threshold.

[0624] As an embodiment, the second notification is an indication.

[0625] As an embodiment, the second notification is a notification.

[0626] As an embodiment, the second notification is a cross-layer indication.

[0627] As an embodiment, the second notification is a cross-entity indication.

[0628] As an embodiment, the second notification is within the terminal U01.

[0629] As an embodiment, the second notification is sent and received in the terminal U01.

[0630] As an embodiment, when it is predicted that RLF will not occur, the second notification is sent.

[0631] As an embodiment, when it is predicted whether RLF will occur within the first time window, the second notification is sent.

[0632] As an embodiment, when it is predicted that the number of consecutive predicted out-of-sync indications within the first time window will not reach a third threshold, the second notification is sent.

[0633] As an embodiment, when it is predicted that the number of consecutive predicted synchronization indications within the first time window reaches a fourth threshold, the second notification is sent.

[0634] As an embodiment, the second signaling indicates the fourth threshold.

[0635] As an embodiment, the second notification indicates that the RLF is not predicted.

[0636] As an embodiment, the second notification indicates that RLF will not occur within the first time window.

[0637] As an embodiment, the second notification indicates that the number of consecutive predicted out-of-sync indications within the first time window does not reach a third threshold.

[0638] As an embodiment, the second notification indicates that the number of consecutive predicted synchronization indications within the first time window reaches a fourth threshold.

[0639] As an embodiment, the dashed box F8.1 is optional.

[0640] As an embodiment, the dotted box F8.1 does not exist.

[0641] As an embodiment, the dashed box F8.1 exists.

[0642] As an embodiment, the dotted box F8.1 depends on the step S8101.

[0643] As an embodiment, the dotted box F8.1 does not exist, and the step S8101 exists.

[0644] As an embodiment, when the dotted box F8.1 exists, the step S8101 exists.

[0645] Example 9

[0646] Fig. 9 A wireless signal transmission flow chart according to another embodiment of the present application is shown in the attached Fig. 9 It is particularly noted that the order in this example does not limit the signal transmission order and implementation order in this application.

[0647] for Terminal U01 In step S9101, perform RLF prediction; in step S9102, determine whether RLF is predicted, if RLF is not predicted, execute step S9103, otherwise, execute step S9104; in step S9103, determine whether the confidence is less than the fifth threshold, if the confidence is less than the fifth threshold, execute step S9104, otherwise, do not execute step S9104; in step S9104, maintain the first timer including the first operation set.

[0648] The confidence level described in Example 9 is the confidence level of the prediction result of the intelligent model.

[0649] As an embodiment, the confidence of the prediction result of the intelligent model is the accuracy of the prediction result of the intelligent model.

[0650] As an embodiment, the confidence of the prediction result of the intelligent model is the accuracy of the prediction result of the intelligent model.

[0651] As an embodiment, the confidence level of the intelligent model prediction result is indicated by the intelligent model.

[0652] As an embodiment, the fifth threshold is determined by the terminal U01 itself. The advantage is that the terminal U01 can determine the fifth threshold by itself according to the performance required by itself.

[0653] As an embodiment, the fifth threshold ranges from 0 to 1.

[0654] As an embodiment, the fifth threshold may be 0.

[0655] As an embodiment, the fifth threshold may be 1.

[0656] As an embodiment, if the fifth threshold is 0, as long as RLF is not predicted, the first timer is maintained to exclude at least one of the first set of operations.

[0657] As an embodiment, if the fifth threshold is 1, maintaining the first timer includes a first set of operations regardless of whether RLF is predicted.

[0658] As an embodiment, the prediction of RLF and the maintenance of the first timer including the first operation set refer to Embodiment 6, which will not be repeated here.

[0659] Example 10

[0660] Embodiment 10 illustrates a schematic diagram of predicting RLF according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in the attached figure. Fig.10 As shown in the attached Fig.10 In the figure, the horizontal axis represents time, t10.1 is the start time of the first time window, t10.2 is the end time of the first time window, the solid one-way arrow represents the predicted synchronization indication, the dotted one-way arrow represents the predicted out-of-sync indication, and every other prediction indication period corresponds to a prediction evaluation opportunity.

[0661] In embodiment 10, the predicted RLF depends on at least one of the number of predicted synchronization indications or the number of predicted out-of-sync indications within a first time window; the predicted synchronization indication or the predicted out-of-sync indication depends on at least the first reference signal.

[0662] As an embodiment, the predicted out-of-synchronization indication depends on a predicted link quality for the at least first reference signal.

[0663] As an embodiment, the predicted link quality is RSRP.

[0664] As an embodiment, the predicted link quality is RSRQ.

[0665] As an embodiment, the predicted link quality is BLER.

[0666] As an embodiment, the predicted link quality is filtered by L1 or L3.

[0667] As an embodiment, the predicted link quality is unfiltered.

[0668] As an embodiment, the predicted link quality is a new quantity.

[0669] As an embodiment, if the predicted link quality for each of the at least first reference signals within a predicted out-of-sync evaluation period is worse than a first predicted out-of-sync threshold, an out-of-sync indication is predicted.

[0670] As an embodiment, the first predicted out-of-sync threshold is Q configured by rlmInSyncOutOfSyncThreshold out .

[0671] As an embodiment, the first predicted out-of-sync threshold is not a Q configured by rlmInSyncOutOfSyncThreshold. out .

[0672] As an embodiment, the predicted synchronization indication depends on a predicted link quality for the at least first reference signal.

[0673] As an embodiment, if the predicted link quality of at least one of the at least first reference signals within a predicted synchronization evaluation period is better than a first predicted synchronization threshold, a synchronization indication is predicted.

[0674] As an embodiment, the first predicted synchronization threshold is Q configured by rlmInSyncOutOfSyncThreshold in .

[0675] As an embodiment, the first predicted synchronization threshold is not the Q configured by rlmInSyncOutOfSyncThreshold. in .

[0676] As an embodiment, the prediction evaluation opportunity is only for the purpose of clarity of description and may not exist in actual applications.

[0677] As an embodiment, at each prediction evaluation opportunity, there is a predicted synchronization indication or a predicted out-of-sync indication.

[0678] As an embodiment, at a prediction evaluation time, there may be neither a predicted synchronization indication nor a predicted out-of-sync indication.

[0679] As an embodiment, the length of the predicted synchronization evaluation period is equal to the length of the predicted desynchronization evaluation period.

[0680] As an embodiment, the length of the predicted synchronization evaluation period is not equal to the length of the predicted desynchronization evaluation period.

[0681] As an embodiment, the length of the predicted synchronization evaluation period is the length of the synchronization evaluation period.

[0682] As an embodiment, the length of the predicted synchronization evaluation period is not the length of the synchronization evaluation period.

[0683] As an embodiment, the length of the predicted indication period is equal to the length of the indication period.

[0684] As an embodiment, the length of the synchronization assessment period refers to T Evaluate_in_SSB .

[0685] As an embodiment, the length of the desynchronization assessment period refers to T Evaluate_out_SSB .

[0686] As an embodiment, the length of the synchronization evaluation period is equal to the length of the desynchronization evaluation period.

[0687] As an embodiment, the length of the synchronization evaluation period is not equal to the length of the desynchronization evaluation period.

[0688] As an embodiment, the above method may maintain the continuity of the predicted synchronization indication and / or the predicted out-of-synchronization indication based on the synchronization indication and / or the out-of-synchronization indication.

[0689] As an embodiment, the length of the predicted indication period is not equal to the length of the indication period.

[0690] As an embodiment, the above method is independent of the synchronization indication and / or the out-of-sync indication, making the prediction more flexible.

[0691] As an embodiment, this embodiment does not limit the position of the evaluation opportunity in the prediction indication period.

[0692] As an embodiment, the prediction evaluation timing is only for the purpose of clearly explaining that an evaluation is performed every other prediction indication period to determine whether there is a predicted out-of-sync indication or a predicted in-sync indication. In practical applications, no specific limitation is imposed.

[0693] As an embodiment, the predicted RLF depends on the number of the predicted synchronization indications within a first time window.

[0694] As an embodiment, there are not at least P2 consecutive predicted synchronization indications triggering the predicted RLF within the first time window; P2 is a positive integer.

[0695] As an embodiment, the above method is simple to implement.

[0696] As an embodiment, the P2 is the difference between N311 and R2; and the R2 is the number of consecutive synchronization indications received at the time when the RLF is predicted.

[0697] As an embodiment, P2 is smaller than N311.

[0698] As an embodiment, the above method uses P2 which is smaller than N311 to reduce the probability of predicting RLF.

[0699] As an embodiment, P2 is greater than N311.

[0700] As an embodiment, the above method provides a predicted fault tolerance using a P2 larger than N311.

[0701] As an embodiment, the P2 is N321.

[0702] As an embodiment, the predicted RLF is triggered when the proportion of the predicted synchronization indications within the first time window is no higher than a threshold.

[0703] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the not higher than is less than.

[0704] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the not higher than is less than or equal to.

[0705] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the threshold is configurable.

[0706] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the threshold is a default one.

[0707] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the proportion of the predicted synchronization indications within the first time window refers to: the ratio of the number of the predicted synchronization indications within the first time window to the number of predicted indication cycles within the first time window.

[0708] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the proportion of the predicted synchronization indications within the first time window refers to: the ratio of the number of the predicted synchronization indications within the first time window to the number of the predicted out-of-sync indications within the first time window.

[0709] As an embodiment, the predicted RLF depends on the number of the predicted out-of-sync indications within a first time window.

[0710] As an embodiment, the presence of at least P1 consecutive predicted out-of-sync indications within the first time window triggers the predicted RLF; and P1 is a positive integer.

[0711] As an embodiment, the P1 is smaller than N310.

[0712] As an embodiment, the above method uses P1 which is smaller than N310, which is beneficial for predicting RLF earlier.

[0713] As an embodiment, P1 is greater than N310.

[0714] As an embodiment, the above method adopts P1 which is larger than N310 to avoid the influence of prediction error.

[0715] As an embodiment, the P1 is N310.

[0716] As an embodiment, the above method is simple to implement.

[0717] As an embodiment, the P1 is the difference between N310 and R1; and the R1 is the number of consecutive out-of-sync indications received at the time when the RLF is predicted.

[0718] As an embodiment, the P1 is N320.

[0719] As an embodiment, the predicted RLF is triggered when the proportion of the predicted out-of-sync indications within the first time window is not less than a threshold.

[0720] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the not less than is greater than.

[0721] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the not less than is greater than or equal to.

[0722] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the threshold is configurable.

[0723] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the threshold is a default one.

[0724] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the proportion of the predicted out-of-sync indications within the first time window refers to: the ratio of the number of the predicted out-of-sync indications within the first time window to the number of predicted indication cycles within the first time window.

[0725] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the proportion of the predicted out-of-sync indications within the first time window refers to: the ratio of the number of the predicted out-of-sync indications within the first time window to the number of the predicted synchronization indications within the first time window.

[0726] As an embodiment, the predicted RLF depends on the predicted number of the synchronization indications and the predicted number of the out-of-sync indications within a first time window.

[0727] As an embodiment, the presence of at least P1 consecutive predicted out-of-sync indications within the second time window and the absence of at least P2 consecutive predicted synchronization indications within the first time window trigger the predicted RLF; P1 is a positive integer; P2 is a positive integer; the start time of the first time window depends on the end time of the second time window.

[0728] As an embodiment, the first time window is implemented by a timer.

[0729] As an embodiment, the length of the first time window is indicated by the network.

[0730] As an embodiment, the length of the first time window is determined by the terminal.

[0731] As an embodiment, the length of the first time window is indicated by the relevant information of the predicted RLF.

[0732] As an embodiment, the first time window includes at least the P1 prediction indication periods.

[0733] As an embodiment, the length of the first time window is not less than (the P1-1) prediction indication periods.

[0734] As an embodiment, the length of the first time window is not less than (the P1-1) prediction indication periods and not greater than the P1 prediction indication period.

[0735] As an embodiment, the first time window includes at least the P2 prediction indication periods.

[0736] As an embodiment, the length of the first time window is not less than (the P2-1) prediction indication periods.

[0737] As an embodiment, the length of the first time window is not less than (the P2-1) prediction indication periods and not greater than the P2 prediction indication periods.

[0738] As an embodiment, the first time window includes at least (the P1 + the P2) prediction indication cycles.

[0739] As an embodiment, the first time window is not less than the remaining time of the first counter; the first counter is a timer.

[0740] As an embodiment, the first time window is the remaining time of the first counter; the first counter is a timer.

[0741] As an embodiment, the first time window is greater than the remaining time of the first counter; the first counter is a timer.

[0742] As an embodiment, the first time window includes the remaining time of the first counter and at least one prediction indication cycle after the time when the first counter expires; the first counter is a timer.

[0743] As an embodiment, the length of the first time subwindow is equal to the value of the first timer.

[0744] As an embodiment, the first time subwindow is the predicted running time of the first timer.

[0745] As an embodiment, the P2 consecutive predicted synchronization indications correspond to P2 consecutive predicted synchronization evaluation periods.

[0746] As an embodiment, the P1 consecutive predicted out-of-step indications correspond to P1 consecutive predicted out-of-step evaluation periods.

[0747] Embodiment 11

[0748] Embodiment 11 illustrates a schematic diagram of a first counter and a second counter according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in the attached figure. Fig.11 As shown in the attached Fig.11 In the figure, the horizontal axis represents time, the dotted one-way arrow represents an out-of-step indication, and the solid one-way arrow represents a in-sync indication.

[0749] In embodiment 11, when the RRC sublayer of the terminal receives an out-of-sync indication from the physical layer, if the first timer is not running, the first counter increases by 1; when the RRC sublayer of the terminal receives a synchronization indication from the physical layer, if the first timer is running, the second counter increases by 1; if the first counter reaches the first threshold, the first timer is started; if the second counter reaches the second threshold, the first timer is stopped; the first timer is T310; the first counter is N310.

[0750] As an embodiment, the out-of-synchronization indication relies on an evaluation of the at least first reference signal.

[0751] As an embodiment, the out-of-synchronization indication relies on an evaluation of a reference signal used for RLM.

[0752] As an embodiment, the synchronization indication relies on an evaluation of the at least first reference signal.

[0753] As an embodiment, the synchronization indication relies on an evaluation of a reference signal used for RLM.

[0754] As an embodiment, if the link quality of each of the at least first reference signals evaluated within an out-of-sync evaluation period is worse than the Q value configured by rlmInSyncOutOfSyncThreshold, out , the physical layer of the terminal sends an out-of-sync indication to the higher layer of the terminal.

[0755] As an embodiment, if the link quality of each of the at least first reference signals evaluated within a synchronization evaluation period is better than the Q value configured by rlmInSyncOutOfSyncThreshold in , the physical layer of the terminal sends a synchronization indication to the higher layer of the terminal.

[0756] As an example, if the link quality for each reference signal used for RLM evaluated within an out-of-sync evaluation period is worse than the Q value configured by rlmInSyncOutOfSyncThreshold, out , the physical layer of the terminal sends an out-of-sync indication to the higher layer of the terminal. As an embodiment, if the link quality for each reference signal used for RLM evaluated within a synchronization evaluation period is better than the Q configured by rlmInSyncOutOfSyncThreshold in , the physical layer of the terminal sends a synchronization indication to the higher layer of the terminal.

[0757] Example 12

[0758] Embodiment 12 illustrates a structural block diagram of a processing device used in a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in the attached Fig.12 As shown in the attached Fig.12 In the embodiment, the processing device 1200 in the terminal includes a first receiver 1201 and a first processor 1202.

[0759] The first receiver 1201 receives a first signaling, wherein the first signaling indicates a first threshold and a second threshold.

[0760] The first processor 1202 maintains a first timer;

[0761] Wherein, whether the maintaining the first timer includes a first operation set depends on whether RLF (Radio Link Failure) is predicted; the first operation set includes: if the first counter reaches the first threshold, start the first timer; if the first timer is running and the second counter reaches the second threshold, stop the first timer; if the first timer expires, determine RLF; the first counter includes the number of consecutive out-of-sync indications received; the second counter includes the number of consecutive in-sync indications received;

[0762] The maintaining of whether the first timer includes the first operation set depends on whether the RLF is predicted, including:

[0763] If RLF is predicted, said maintaining a first timer includes said first set of operations;

[0764] If RLF is not predicted, maintaining the first timer does not include at least one of the first set of operations.

[0765] As an embodiment, the first processor 1202 does not perform Radio Link Monitoring (RLM) if RLF is not predicted; wherein, not performing Radio Link Monitoring is used to determine that maintaining the first timer does not include at least one of the first operation set.

[0766] As an embodiment, the first processor 1202, the first operation set includes: when an out-of-sync indication is received and the first timer is not running, increasing the first counter; when a synchronization indication is received and the first timer is running, increasing the second counter.

[0767] As an embodiment, the first processor 1202, predicting the RLF includes: predicting that the RLF will occur within a first time window.

[0768] As an embodiment, the first processor 1202 receives at least a first reference signal; the prediction that RLF will occur within a first time window includes: the number of consecutive predicted out-of-sync indications within the first time window reaches a third threshold; wherein the predicted out-of-sync indication depends on the at least first reference signal.

[0769] As an embodiment, the first processor 1202 sends a first notification; receives the first notification; wherein the first notification indicates the predicted RLF.

[0770] As an embodiment, the first processor 1202 sends a second notification; receives the second notification; wherein the second notification indicates that the RLF is not predicted.

[0771] As an embodiment, the first receiver 1201 receives a second signaling; wherein, the second signaling enables RLF prediction; wherein, when at least the second signaling enables RLF prediction, whether the maintaining first timer includes a first operation set depends on whether RLF is predicted.

[0772] As an embodiment, the first processor 1202 includes a first transmitter.

[0773] As an embodiment, the first processor 1202 includes an attached Fig.15 The third module in; the third module performs the RLF prediction.

[0774] As an embodiment, the first processor 1202 includes an attached Fig.14 The intelligent module 1401 in the embodiment of the present invention performs the RLF prediction.

[0775] As an embodiment, the first processor 1202 includes an attached Fig.17 The reasoning function 1706 in the example embodiment of the present invention performs the RLF prediction.

[0776] As an embodiment, the first receiver 1202 includes the attached Figure 4 At least one of the antenna 452 or the receiver 454 or the multi-antenna receive processor 458 or the receive processor 456 or the controller / processor 459 or the memory 460 or the data source 467.

[0777] As an embodiment, the first receiver 1201 includes the attached Figure 4 At least an antenna 452 and a receiver 454.

[0778] As an embodiment, the first transmitter includes the attached Figure 4 At least one of the antenna 452 or the transmitter 454 or the multi-antenna transmit processor 457 or the transmit processor 468 or the controller / processor 459 or the memory 460 or the data source 467.

[0779] As an embodiment, the first transmitter includes the attached Figure 4 At least antenna 452 and transmitter 454.

[0780] As an embodiment, the terminal includes: one or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled to the one or more processors, the memory is used to store computer program code, the computer program code includes computer instructions, and the one or more processors call the computer instructions to enable the terminal to execute the method described in the present application that is used in the terminal; the one or more processors and the memory include the first receiver 1201 and the first processor 1202.

[0781] Example 13

[0782] Embodiment 13 illustrates a structural block diagram of a processing device used in a base station according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in the attached figure. Fig.13 As shown in the attached Fig.13 In the example, the processing device 1300 in the base station includes a second transmitter 1301 and a second receiver 1302.

[0783] The second transmitter 1301 sends a first signaling; wherein the first signaling indicates a first threshold and a second threshold; wherein the receiver of the first signaling maintains a first timer; whether the maintaining of the first timer includes a first operation set depends on whether RLF is predicted; the first operation set includes: if the first counter reaches the first threshold, start the first timer; if the first timer is running and the second counter reaches the second threshold, stop the first timer; if the first timer expires, determine RLF; the first counter includes the number of consecutive out-of-sync indications received; the second counter includes the number of consecutive synchronization indications received.

[0784] In Example 13, whether the maintaining first timer includes the first operation set depends on whether RLF is predicted, including: if RLF is predicted, the maintaining first timer includes the first operation set; if RLF is not predicted, the maintaining first timer does not include at least one of the first operation set.

[0785] As an embodiment, if RLF is not predicted, radio link monitoring is not performed; wherein, not performing radio link monitoring is used to determine that maintaining the first timer does not include at least one of the first operation set.

[0786] As an embodiment, the first operation set includes: when an out-of-sync indication is received and the first timer is not running, increasing the first counter; when a synchronization indication is received and the first timer is running, increasing the second counter.

[0787] As an embodiment, predicting the RLF includes: predicting that the RLF will occur within a first time window.

[0788] As an embodiment, at least a first reference signal is sent; the prediction that RLF will occur within a first time window includes: the number of consecutive predicted out-of-sync indications within the first time window reaches a third threshold; wherein the predicted out-of-sync indication depends on the at least first reference signal.

[0789] As an embodiment, the receiver of the first signaling sends a first notification; the receiver of the first signaling receives the first notification; wherein the first notification indicates the predicted RLF.

[0790] As an embodiment, the receiver of the first signaling sends a second notification; the receiver of the first signaling receives the second notification; wherein the second notification indicates that the RLF is not predicted.

[0791] As an embodiment, the processing device 1300 in the base station includes a second receiver 1302.

[0792] As an embodiment, the processing device 1300 in the base station includes an attached Fig.15 The third module in.

[0793] As an embodiment, the processing device 1300 in the base station includes an attached Fig.16 Training function 1602 in the RAN domain.

[0794] As an embodiment, the processing device 1300 in the base station includes an attached Fig.17 The reasoning function 1706 in.

[0795] As an embodiment, the processing device 1300 in the base station includes an attached Fig.16 An inference function, namely 1604 or 1606.

[0796] As an embodiment, the second transmitter 1301 includes the attached Figure 4 At least one of the antenna 420 or the transmitter 418 or the multi-antenna transmit processor 471 or the transmit processor 416 or the controller / processor 475 or the memory 476.

[0797] As an embodiment, the second transmitter 1301 includes the attached Figure 4 At least antenna 420 and transmitter 418.

[0798] As an embodiment, the second receiver 1302 includes the attached Figure 4 At least one of the antenna 420 or the receiver 418 or the multi-antenna reception processor 472 or the reception processor 470 or the controller / processor 475 or the memory 476.

[0799] As an embodiment, the second receiver 1302 includes the attached Figure 4 At least an antenna 420 and a receiver 418.

[0800] As an embodiment, the base station includes: one or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled to the one or more processors, the memory is used to store computer program code, the computer program code includes computer instructions, and the one or more processors call the computer instructions to enable the base station to execute the method described in the present application that is used in the base station; the one or more processors and the memory include the second transmitter 1301.

[0801] Embodiment 14

[0802] Embodiment 14 illustrates a schematic diagram of the transmission of the first notification and the second notification according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in the attached figure. Fig.14 The terminal 1400 includes an intelligent module 1401 and a legacy module 1402 .

[0803] In Embodiment 14, the intelligent module 1401 of the terminal 1400 sends the first notification; the legal module 1402 of the terminal 1400 receives the first notification; wherein the first notification indicates the predicted RLF.

[0804] In Embodiment 14, the intelligent module 1401 of the terminal 1400 sends the second notification; the legal module 1402 of the terminal 1400 receives the second notification; wherein the second notification indicates that the RLF is not predicted.

[0805] As an embodiment, the performing RLF prediction includes sending the first notification.

[0806] As an embodiment, the intelligent module 1401 of the terminal 1400 sends a first notification as a response to performing RLF prediction; the legal module 1402 of the terminal 1400 receives the first notification; wherein the first notification indicates that the RLF is predicted.

[0807] As an embodiment, the performing RLF prediction includes sending the first notification and receiving the first notification.

[0808] As an embodiment, the first notification includes relevant information of the predicted RLF.

[0809] As an embodiment, the intelligent module 1401 of the terminal 1400 sends a second notification as a response to performing RLF prediction; the legal module 1402 of the terminal 1400 receives the second notification; wherein the second notification indicates that RLF is not predicted.

[0810] As an embodiment, the performing RLF prediction includes sending the second notification and receiving the second notification.

[0811] As an embodiment, the second notification includes relevant information of the unpredicted RLF.

[0812] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the above method avoids triggering unreasonable UE behavior by updating prediction information.

[0813] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the above method is beneficial to UE decision-making.

[0814] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the unpredicted RLF means that it is predicted that the RLF will not occur at the occurrence time of the predicted RLF.

[0815] As an embodiment, as a response to the first notification being received, an indication is sent to a lower layer; and the indication is received at the RRC sublayer.

[0816] As an embodiment, as a response to the first notification being received, an indication is sent to an upper layer; and the indication is received at the RRC sublayer.

[0817] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the one indication indicates the first notification.

[0818] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the one indication includes the first notification.

[0819] As an embodiment, in response to the second notification being received, an indication is sent to a lower layer; and the indication is received at the RRC sublayer.

[0820] As an embodiment, as a response to the second notification being received, an indication is sent to an upper layer; and the indication is received at the RRC sublayer.

[0821] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the one indication indicates the second notification.

[0822] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the one indication includes the second notification.

[0823] As an embodiment, the legal module is logical.

[0824] As an embodiment, the legal module is physical.

[0825] As an embodiment, the legal module determines RLF if the first counter reaches a first threshold.

[0826] As an embodiment, the legal module receives at least a first reference signal.

[0827] As an embodiment, the legal module, in response to receiving the first notification, maintains the first timer including the first set of operations.

[0828] As an embodiment, the legal module, in response to determining RLF, initiates RRC connection reconstruction.

[0829] As an embodiment, the legal module, in response to receiving the second notification, maintains the first timer excluding at least one of the first operation set.

[0830] As an embodiment, the legal module is a protocol entity.

[0831] As an embodiment, the legal module is an RRC protocol entity.

[0832] As an embodiment, the legal module is in the RRC sublayer.

[0833] As an embodiment, the legal module is at a higher layer than the RRC sublayer.

[0834] As an embodiment, the legal module is at a lower layer of the RRC sublayer.

[0835] As an embodiment, the legal module supports 3GPP Release 17.

[0836] As an embodiment, the legal module supports 3GPP Release 18.

[0837] As an embodiment, the legal module does not have either a training function or a reasoning function.

[0838] As an embodiment, the legal module is not an intelligent module.

[0839] As an embodiment, the intelligent module is a hardware.

[0840] As an embodiment, the intelligent module is a software.

[0841] As an embodiment, the intelligent module is a program.

[0842] As an embodiment, the smart module is a function.

[0843] As an embodiment, the intelligent module is a protocol entity.

[0844] As an embodiment, the intelligent module is an AI entity.

[0845] As an embodiment, the intelligent module is an ML entity.

[0846] As an embodiment, the intelligent module is an AI / ML entity.

[0847] As an embodiment, the intelligent module is logical.

[0848] As an embodiment, the smart module is physical.

[0849] As an embodiment, the intelligent module performs RLF prediction.

[0850] As an embodiment, the intelligent module processes the at least one intelligent model.

[0851] As an embodiment, the intelligent module includes at least one of the second module or the third module in the intelligent model shown in Embodiment 15.

[0852] As an embodiment, the interface between the legal module and the smart module is defined by the 3GPP protocol.

[0853] As an embodiment, the interface between the legal module and the intelligent module is implemented based on UE.

[0854] As an embodiment, the interface between the legal module and the intelligent module is logical.

[0855] As an embodiment, the interface between the legal module and the smart module is physical.

[0856] Embodiment 15

[0857] Embodiment 15 illustrates a schematic diagram of an intelligent model according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in the attached Fig.15 Attached Fig.15 It includes a first module, a second module, a third module, a fourth module and a fifth module.

[0858] In Example 15, in the attached Fig.15In the intelligent model shown, the first module sends a first data set to the second module, the first module sends a second data set to the third module, the first module sends a third data set to the fifth module, the fifth module sends a first type of parameter group to the second module, the fifth module sends a second type of parameter group to the third module, the fifth module sends a third type of parameter group to the fourth module, the second module sends a fourth type of parameter group to the fourth module, and the fourth module sends a fifth type of parameter group to the third module.

[0859] As an embodiment, the first module, the second module, the third module, the fourth module and the fifth module in an intelligent model all belong to the terminal.

[0860] The above method avoids air interface signaling interaction and shortens transmission delay.

[0861] As an embodiment, any module among the first module, the second module, the third module, the fourth module and the fifth module in an intelligent model does not belong to the terminal.

[0862] The above method reduces the hardware complexity of the terminal.

[0863] As an embodiment, at least one of the first module, the second module, the third module, the fourth module and the fifth module in an intelligent model belongs to the terminal; and at least one of the first module, the second module, the third module, the fourth module and the fifth module belongs to a network node.

[0864] The above method balances the hardware complexity and transmission delay of the terminal.

[0865] As an embodiment, the first module is used for data collection.

[0866] As an embodiment, the first module is responsible for data collection.

[0867] As an embodiment, the first module has a data collection function.

[0868] As an embodiment, the second module has a training function.

[0869] As an embodiment, the training function is used for model training (Model Training).

[0870] As an embodiment, the training function is responsible for model training.

[0871] As an embodiment, the training function has a model training function.

[0872] As an embodiment, the training function performs model training.

[0873] As an embodiment, the second module performs validation.

[0874] As an embodiment, the second module performs testing.

[0875] As an embodiment, the second module generates model performance metrics.

[0876] As an embodiment, the second module is responsible for data preparation.

[0877] As an embodiment, the data preparation includes at least one of data pre-processing, cleaning, formatting, or transformation.

[0878] As an embodiment, the third module has a reasoning function.

[0879] As an embodiment, the inference function is used for inference.

[0880] As an embodiment, the reasoning function is responsible for reasoning.

[0881] As an embodiment, the fourth module is used for model storage (Model Storage).

[0882] As an embodiment, the fourth module has a model storage (Model Storage) function.

[0883] As an embodiment, the fourth module is responsible for storing the trained model.

[0884] As an embodiment, the fourth module is responsible for storing the trained model that can be used to perform reasoning processing.

[0885] As an embodiment, the fifth module is used for management.

[0886] As an embodiment, the fifth module is responsible for management.

[0887] As an embodiment, the fifth module has a management function.

[0888] As an embodiment, the fifth module manages the intelligent model.

[0889] As an embodiment, the first data set is training data (Training Data).

[0890] As an embodiment, the first data set is an input of the second module.

[0891] As an embodiment, the second data set is inference data.

[0892] As an embodiment, the second data set is an input of the third module.

[0893] As an embodiment, the third data set is monitoring data.

[0894] As an embodiment, the third data set is the input of the fifth module.

[0895] As an embodiment, the first parameter group includes monitoring output.

[0896] As an embodiment, the second type of parameter group includes management instructions.

[0897] As an embodiment, the second type of parameter group is used for fine-tuning operation of the inference function.

[0898] As an embodiment, the second parameter group includes an identifier of the model.

[0899] As an embodiment, the second type of parameter group is used to select a model.

[0900] As an embodiment, the second type of parameter group is used for switching models.

[0901] As an embodiment, the second type of parameter group is used to activate / deactivate the model.

[0902] As an embodiment, the second type of parameter group is used to fallback to the intelligent model.

[0903] As an embodiment, the third type of parameter group includes a model transfer request (Model Transfer Request).

[0904] As an embodiment, the third parameter group includes a model delivery request (Model DeliveryRequest).

[0905] As an embodiment, the fourth parameter group includes a trained model (Trained Model).

[0906] As an embodiment, the fourth parameter group includes an updated model (Updated Model).

[0907] As an embodiment, the fourth type of parameter group indicates the identification of the model.

[0908] As an embodiment, the fifth parameter group includes model transfer.

[0909] As an embodiment, the fifth parameter group includes model delivery.

[0910] As an embodiment, the fifth type of parameter group indicates the identification of the model.

[0911] As an embodiment, the first type of output does not exist.

[0912] As an embodiment, the first type of output exists.

[0913] As an embodiment, the second module sends the first type of output to the fifth module.

[0914] As an embodiment, the first type of output includes a monitoring output.

[0915] As an embodiment, the second type of output does not exist.

[0916] As an embodiment, the second type of output exists.

[0917] As an embodiment, the third module sends the second type of output to the fifth module.

[0918] As an embodiment, the second type of output includes inference output.

[0919] As an embodiment, the second type of output is used by the fifth module to monitor the performance of the AI / ML model.

[0920] As an embodiment, the second type of output indicates the result of performing the RLF prediction.

[0921] As an embodiment, the second type of output indicates the predicted RLF.

[0922] As an embodiment, the second type of output includes relevant information of the predicted RLF.

[0923] As an embodiment, the first data set in the intelligent model is configured by a network.

[0924] As an embodiment, the first data set in the intelligent model is determined by the terminal.

[0925] As an embodiment, the first data set in the intelligent model includes storage data of the terminal; the storage data may come from the network, from the log of the terminal, or from other RAN nodes.

[0926] As an embodiment, the first data set in the intelligent model includes measurement information of the terminal; the measurement information may be the mobile state of the terminal, such as the mobile speed, or the number of cells switched within a given time interval, etc.; the measurement information may also be measurement results for reference signals, such as cell-level measurement results, or beam-level measurement results, or time domain measurement results, or frequency domain measurement results, or spatial domain measurement results, or a combination thereof.

[0927] As an embodiment, the first data set in the intelligent model includes measurement results for the at least first reference signal.

[0928] As an embodiment, the second data set in the intelligent model is configured by a network.

[0929] As an embodiment, the second data set in the intelligent model is determined by the terminal.

[0930] As an embodiment, the second data set in the intelligent model includes storage data of the terminal; the storage data may come from the network, from the log of the terminal, or from other RAN nodes.

[0931] As an embodiment, the second data set in the intelligent model includes measurement information of the terminal; the measurement information may be the mobile state of the terminal, such as the mobile speed, or the number of cells switched within a given time interval, etc.; the measurement information may also be measurement results for reference signals, such as cell-level measurement results, or beam-level measurement results, or time domain measurement results, or frequency domain measurement results, or spatial domain measurement results, or a combination thereof.

[0932] As an embodiment, the second data set in the intelligent model includes measurement results for the at least first reference signal.

[0933] As an embodiment, the third data set in the intelligent model is configured by a network.

[0934] As an embodiment, the third data set in the intelligent model is determined by the terminal.

[0935] As an embodiment, the third data set in the intelligent model includes storage data of the terminal; the storage data may come from the network, from the log of the terminal, or from other RAN nodes.

[0936] As an embodiment, the third data set in the intelligent model includes measurement information of the terminal; the measurement information may be the mobile state of the terminal, such as the mobile speed, or the number of cells switched within a given time interval, etc.; the measurement information may also be the measurement result for the reference signal, such as the cell-level measurement result, or the beam-level measurement result, or the time domain measurement result, or the frequency domain measurement result, or the spatial domain measurement result, or a combination thereof.

[0937] As an embodiment, the third data set in the intelligent model includes measurement results for the at least first reference signal.

[0938] As an embodiment, RLF prediction is performed by the intelligent model.

[0939] As an embodiment, the embodiment 15 is only used to illustrate that the present application can be used for intelligent models. The embodiment does not limit the application of the present application to non-intelligent operations, and the embodiment does not limit the application of the present application to other types of intelligent models to obtain and attach Fig.15 The smart model shown has comparable effects.

[0940] Example 16

[0941] Embodiment 16 illustrates a schematic diagram of intelligent function deployment of a RAN (Radio Access Network) domain according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig.16 As shown. The gNB in ​​Example 16 can be replaced by network equipment such as eNB or 6G base station.

[0942] The intelligent functions of the RAN domain include training (also called ML training, or AI training, or AI / ML training) functions, testing (also called ML testing, or AI testing, or AI / ML testing) functions, reasoning (also called ML reasoning, or AI reasoning, or AI / ML reasoning) functions, etc. The training function, the testing function, and the reasoning function can be deployed independently or co-located. The deployment of intelligent functions can be implemented through software, such as downloading and / or running executable files; it can also be implemented by combining software with hardware, such as accelerating specific computing units through hardware to increase computing speed or save power consumption.

[0943] For the training function, it can be deployed in a cross-domain management system or a domain-specific management system; the domain-specific management system is used to manage the RAN domain or the CN (Core Network) domain. For example, the training function for MDA (Management Data Analytics) can be deployed in MDAF (MDA function); the training for network data analysis can be deployed in NWDAF (Network Data Analytics Function), that is, the training function is MTLF (Model Training logical function).

[0944] The reasoning function can also be deployed in a cross-domain management system or a domain-specific management system; for example, the reasoning function is MDAF, or the reasoning function is AnLF (Analytics logical function) in NWDAF.

[0945] Similarly, testing capabilities can also be deployed in cross-domain management systems, or domain-specific management systems.

[0946] In Example 15, the training function 1602 of the RAN domain is located in the management function 1603 of the RAN domain; and the reasoning function is located in the base station, that is, the reasoning function 1604 is located in gNB1605, and the reasoning function 1606 is located in gNB1607.

[0947] Attached Fig.16In the example, the management of the reasoning functions of multiple base stations is completed by the RAN domain management function 1603, that is, data interaction with the RAN domain MnS (Management Service) consumer / cross-domain management 1601 (see the attached Fig.16 1608).

[0948] Optionally, the management of the reasoning function may also be completed by the base station itself, that is, each base station may independently perform data interaction with the RAN domain MnS consumer / cross-domain management 1601.

[0949] It should be noted that Example 16 is merely a non-restrictive implementation method; optionally, the training function of the RAN domain may also be deployed in the base station; or optionally, some base stations deploy the reasoning function and the training function of the RAN domain, while some base stations only deploy the reasoning function.

[0950] As an embodiment, a gNB (or base station) in Embodiment 16 is the base station described in the present application.

[0951] As an example, Fig.16 An inference function in performs RLF prediction.

[0952] Embodiment 17

[0953] Embodiment 17 illustrates a schematic diagram of UE intelligent function deployment according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig.17 Attached Fig.17 The training function 1705 in the RAN domain is optional.

[0954] The UE intelligent function 1704 is deployed in the terminal of the present application, and the UE intelligent function 1704 includes a reasoning function 1706; the reasoning function 1706 uses an intelligent model (also called an AI model, or an ML model, or an AI / ML model) for reasoning; an intelligent model is usually trained before being used for AI / ML reasoning.

[0955] As an embodiment, the UE intelligent function 1704 includes a training function 1705 of the RAN domain, and the training function 1705 of the RAN domain runs training data through an intelligent model to derive relevant losses, and adjusts the parameters of the intelligent model based on the calculated losses; the training includes at least one of ML initial training, ML re-training, and reinforcement learning.

[0956] The above embodiments can reduce the complexity of the base station, or save air interface resources caused by reporting training data; however, the above embodiments place high demands on the processing capability of the UE side.

[0957] Optionally, the UE intelligent function 1704 also includes a training function of the CN domain ( Fig.17 not included).

[0958] Optionally, the UE intelligent function 1704 further includes an intelligent deployment function: Fig.17 Not included, used to load intelligent models and data.

[0959] As an embodiment, the terminal indicates whether the training function (RAN domain or CN domain) is supported through capability reporting, and the capability reporting is RRC signaling, or NAS (Non-Access Stratum) signaling.

[0960] As an embodiment, the intelligent model and related metadata are loaded by the terminal from a network device or a remote server.

[0961] Optionally, the UE intelligent function 1704 is a MnS (Management Service) producer (Producer), providing data to the CN domain MnF (Management Function) 1701, and / or the RAN domain MnF1702, and / or the cross-domain management system 1703 for management or analysis (as shown by the double arrow 1707).

[0962] Optionally, the UE intelligent function 1704 is an MnS consumer (Consumer), which loads data from the CN domain MnF1701, and / or the RAN domain MnF1702, and / or the cross-domain management system 1703 for AI / ML related management, such as management data requests, intelligent model activation, and / or intelligent model training, etc. (as shown by the double arrow 1707).

[0963] As an embodiment, the intelligent model is based on a neural network.

[0964] As an embodiment, the intelligent model is based on CNN (Conventional Neural Networks).

[0965] As an embodiment, the intelligent model is based on the Transformer architecture.

[0966] As an embodiment, the terminal in the present application includes an attached Fig.17 The reasoning function 1706 in.

[0967] As an embodiment, the first processor in the present application includes an attached Fig.17 The reasoning function 1706 in.

[0968] As an example, Figure 2 The UE 201 includes an attached Fig.17 The reasoning function 1706 in.

[0969] As an example, Figure 4 The first communication device 450 includes an attached Fig.17 The reasoning function 1706 in.

[0970] As an example, Fig.12 The first processor 1202 includes an attached Fig.17 The reasoning function 1706 in.

[0971] As an example, Fig.14 The smart module 1401 includes an attached Fig.17 The reasoning function 1706 in.

[0972] As an example, Fig.15 The third module includes the Fig.17 The reasoning function 1706 in.

[0973] As an example, Fig.17 The inference function 1706 in performs RLF prediction.

[0974] As an example, Fig.17 The reasoning function 1706 in indicates relevant information of the predicted RLF.

[0975] Embodiment 18

[0976] Embodiment 18 illustrates a flowchart based on artificial intelligence or machine learning according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig.18 Attached Fig.18 Including a third operation, a fourth operation, a fifth operation, a sixth operation and a seventh operation. In Example 18, the third operation and the fourth operation belong to the first stage, the fifth operation belongs to the second stage, the sixth operation belongs to the third stage, and the seventh operation belongs to the fourth stage. Fig.18 In the diagram, the lines with arrows indicate the sequence of the processes.

[0977] As an embodiment, the third operation includes AI / ML training, the fourth operation includes AI / ML testing, the fifth operation includes AI / ML emulation, the sixth operation includes AI / ML entity loading, and the seventh operation includes AI / ML inference.

[0978] As an embodiment, the first phase includes a training phase, the second phase includes an emulation phase, the third phase includes a deployment phase, and the fourth phase includes an inference phase.

[0979] As an embodiment, the first stage includes AI / ML model training.

[0980] As an embodiment, the first stage includes AI / ML model training and AI / ML testing.

[0981] As an embodiment, the AI / ML model training includes initial training and re-training of one or a group of AI / ML entities.

[0982] As an embodiment, the AI / ML model training relies on training data.

[0983] As an embodiment, the AI / ML model training includes AI / ML entity validation.

[0984] As an embodiment, the AI / ML entity verification is used to evaluate the performance of the AI / ML entity.

[0985] As an embodiment, the AI / ML entity verification relies on verification data.

[0986] As an example, if the result of AI / ML entity verification does not meet expectations, the AI / ML model will be retrained.

[0987] As an embodiment, the AI / ML testing includes testing the verified AI / ML entity to estimate the performance of the trained AI / ML model.

[0988] As an example, if the result of the AI / ML test meets expectations, the AI / ML entity proceeds to the next stage; otherwise the AI / ML model will be retrained.

[0989] As an embodiment, the AI / ML testing relies on test data.

[0990] As an embodiment, the second stage includes AI / ML simulation, which performs reasoning of AI / ML entities in a simulation environment.

[0991] As an embodiment, the AI / ML simulation estimates the performance of AI / ML entity reasoning in a simulation environment before using the AI / ML entity.

[0992] As an embodiment, the second stage is optional.

[0993] As an embodiment, the third stage includes AI / ML entity loading, and the AI / ML entity loading is to obtain the trained AI / ML entity to obtain the desired AI / ML reasoning function.

[0994] As an embodiment, the third stage is optional.

[0995] As an example, when the training function and the inference function are co-located, the third stage is no longer required.

[0996] As an embodiment, the fourth stage includes AI / ML reasoning.

[0997] A person of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps in the above method can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory, a hard disk or an optical disk. Optionally, all or part of the steps in the above embodiment can also be implemented using one or more integrated circuits. Accordingly, each module unit in the above embodiment can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software function module, and the present application is not limited to any specific form of software and hardware combination. The user equipment, terminal and UE in the present application include but are not limited to drones, communication modules on drones, remote-controlled aircraft, aircraft, small aircraft, mobile phones, tablet computers, notebooks, vehicle-mounted communication equipment, wireless sensors, Internet cards, Internet of Things terminals, RFID terminals, NB-IOT terminals, MTC (Machine Type Communication, Machine Type Communication) terminals, eMTC (enhanced MTC, enhanced MTC) terminals, data cards, Internet cards, vehicle-mounted communication equipment, low-cost mobile phones, low-cost tablet computers and other wireless communication devices. The base stations or system devices in this application include but are not limited to macrocell base stations, microcell base stations, home base stations, relay base stations, gNB (NR Node B) NR Node B, TRP (Transmitter Receiver Point) and other wireless communication devices.

[0998] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method used in a terminal, characterized in that: include: Receiving a first signaling; wherein the first signaling indicates a first threshold and a second threshold; Maintaining the first timer; Wherein, whether the maintaining the first timer includes a first operation set depends on whether RLF (Radio Link Failure) is predicted; the first operation set includes: if the first counter reaches the first threshold, starting the first timer; if the first timer is running and the second counter reaches the second threshold, stopping the first timer; if the first timer expires, determining RLF; the first counter includes the number of consecutive out-of-sync indications received; the second counter includes the number of consecutive in-sync indications received; The maintaining of whether the first timer includes the first operation set depends on whether the RLF is predicted, including: If RLF is predicted, said maintaining a first timer includes said first set of operations; If RLF is not predicted, maintaining the first timer does not include at least one of the first set of operations.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that include: If RLF is not predicted, Radio Link Monitoring (RLM) is not performed; The not performing radio link monitoring is used to determine that the maintaining of the first timer does not include at least one of the first operation set.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The first set of operations includes: increasing the first counter when an out-of-sync indication is received and the first timer is not running; and increasing the second counter when a synchronization indication is received and the first timer is running.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The predicting of the RLF includes: predicting that the RLF will occur within a first time window.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The method comprises: receiving at least a first reference signal; The predicting that RLF will occur within the first time window includes: the number of consecutive predicted out-of-sync indications within the first time window reaches a third threshold; The predicted out-of-sync indication depends on the at least first reference signal.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The method comprises: Sending a first notification; receiving the first notification; The first notification indicates the predicted RLF.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The method comprises: sending a second notification; receiving the second notification; The second notification indicates that the RLF is not predicted.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The method comprises: receiving a second signaling; wherein the second signaling enables RLF prediction; When at least the second signaling enables RLF prediction, whether maintaining the first timer includes the first operation set depends on whether RLF is predicted.

9. A terminal, characterized in that: The terminal includes: one or more processors and a memory; The memory is coupled to the one or more processors, and the memory is used to store computer program codes, where the computer program codes include computer instructions. The one or more processors call the computer instructions to enable the terminal to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A method used in a base station, characterized in that: include: Sending a first signaling; wherein the first signaling indicates a first threshold and a second threshold; Wherein, the receiver of the first signaling maintains a first timer; whether the maintaining of the first timer includes a first operation set depends on whether RLF is predicted; the first operation set includes: if the first counter reaches the first threshold, start the first timer; if the first timer is running and the second counter reaches the second threshold, stop the first timer; if the first timer expires, determine RLF; the first counter includes the number of consecutive out-of-sync indications received; the second counter includes the number of consecutive in-sync indications received; The maintaining of whether the first timer includes the first operation set depends on whether the RLF is predicted, including: If RLF is predicted, said maintaining a first timer includes said first set of operations; If RLF is not predicted, maintaining the first timer does not include at least one of the first set of operations.

11. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that: If RLF is not predicted, radio link monitoring is not performed; The not performing RLM is used to determine that the maintaining the first timer does not include at least one of the first operation set.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that The first set of operations includes: increasing the first counter when an out-of-sync indication is received and the first timer is not running; and increasing the second counter when a synchronization indication is received and the first timer is running.

13. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that: The predicting of the RLF includes: predicting that the RLF will occur within a first time window.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The method comprises: sending at least a first reference signal; The predicting that RLF will occur within the first time window includes: the number of consecutive predicted out-of-sync indications within the first time window reaches a third threshold; The predicted out-of-sync indication depends on the at least first reference signal.

15. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that The receiver of the first signaling sends a first notification; the receiver of the first signaling receives the first notification; wherein the first notification indicates the predicted RLF.

16. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 15, characterized in that The receiver of the first signaling sends a second notification; the receiver of the first signaling receives the second notification; wherein the second notification indicates that the RLF is not predicted.

17. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 16, characterized in that The method comprises: Sending a second signaling; wherein the second signaling enables RLF prediction; Only when the second signaling enables RLF prediction, whether maintaining the first timer includes the first operation set depends on whether RLF is predicted.

18. A base station, characterized in that: The base station includes: one or more processors and a memory; The memory is coupled to the one or more processors, and the memory is used to store computer program codes, where the computer program codes include computer instructions, and the one or more processors call the computer instructions to enable the base station to perform the method according to any one of claims 10 to 17.

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