Brick and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a brick and a method for manufacturing the same, and provides a brick having at least improved strength and a method for manufacturing the same, in which soil (for example, loess, clay, kaolin and / or dredged soil) or sludge or the like is used as a base material as a brick material, and a curing agent for curing the base material is included. According to the present invention, the base material particles constituting the brick are firmly aggregated by the curing agent, thereby at least improving the strength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a brick and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly to a brick with at least improved strength and a method for manufacturing the same, wherein soil (e.g., loess, clay, kaolin and / or dredged soil, etc.) or sludge is used as a base material as the brick material, and includes a curing agent for curing the base material, and also relates to a brick manufacturing device that can manufacture high-strength bricks through an extrusion-type continuous process. Background Art

[0002] Bricks are often used to build walls of buildings. Some refractory bricks are used to build boilers, furnaces, electric furnaces, nuclear reactors, etc. Bricks are usually made of materials such as sand, cement, and soil (e.g., loess, clay, and kaolin). Recently, soil bricks using loess or clay as the main component are becoming popular.

[0003] In addition, in terms of resource recycling, a technology for using sludge or dredged soil as a brick material has been proposed. For example, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0949932 proposes a method for manufacturing lightweight bricks using sludge generated from sewage / wastewater facilities, and Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1002547 proposes a clay brick that reuses dredged soil and sludge and a method for manufacturing the same. However, the problem with conventional soil bricks (loess, clay) or recycled bricks (sludge, dredged soil) is that, at least due to the weak cohesion between the material particles constituting the bricks, the strength is reduced.

[0004] On the other hand, bricks can be classified into pressurized and extruded based on their manufacturing method.

[0005] The pressurized method is a method of putting brick materials into a molding die with a certain shape and size and pressurizing (pressing) them with a hydraulic press. The pressurized method can produce bricks with high strength (compression strength, etc.), but the productivity is lower than that of the extrusion method. For example, Korean registered patent No. 10-1302069 and Korean registered utility model No. 20-0228809 propose a brick manufacturing device related to the pressurized method.

[0006] The extrusion method is a method of feeding the brick material into an extrusion molding machine (also called a "soil training machine") and cutting it into a certain size while continuously extruding and molding. The extrusion method is carried out in a continuous process, and its advantage over the pressurized method is that it has high production efficiency. Specifically, the extrusion method is to feed the viscous brick material (for example, lumps such as loess or clay) into an extruder equipped with a transfer screw, and then the material is pushed by the drive of the transfer screw, and passed through an extrusion part (or molding die) with a certain shape to extrude the material, and then cut it through a cutting machine, and continuously manufacture bricks with a certain shape through the above method. At this time, the specifications of the extrusion part (or molding die) are smaller than the extruder body, and the shape and size (thickness and width) of the brick are determined by the specifications of this extrusion part (or molding die). For example, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0298634, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1131687, and Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1743180 propose a brick manufacturing apparatus related to the extrusion type.

[0007] However, the conventional extrusion brick manufacturing method has a higher productivity than the pressurized method, but has the disadvantage that the brick structure density (density of raw material particles) is low. Therefore, the brick strength is weak and, depending on the situation, deformation may occur during the drying process.

[0008] In addition, bricks need to be larger than the general specifications according to their purpose and application. Under the current circumstances, the size of the brick is determined (restricted) by the inner diameter (specification) of the extrusion part (or the forming die). In other words, the problem is that the previous brick manufacturing technology has not developed a technical means that can be greatly expanded to a larger size than the inner diameter of the extrusion part (or the forming die), but is limited by the inner diameter of the extrusion part (or the forming die), and it is difficult to change the size (width or thickness) of the brick. Summary of the invention

[0009] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a brick and a method for manufacturing the same, which allows material particles constituting the brick to be firmly aggregated (bonded) to at least improve the strength.

[0010] In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a brick manufacturing method and a brick manufacturing device, which can manufacture bricks through an extrusion-type continuous process and can manufacture high-strength (high-density) bricks with a dense structure.

[0011] Furthermore, an object of the present invention is to provide a brick manufacturing method and a brick manufacturing device, which can manufacture bricks having a dense structure and a size larger than the inner diameter (specification) of the extrusion part.

[0012] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a brick, comprising:

[0013] Base materials; and

[0014] A curing agent which cures the base material.

[0015] In addition, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing bricks, which comprises the following steps:

[0016] Mixed brick materials; and

[0017] The mixed brick materials are molded.

[0018] Brick materials include:

[0019] Base materials; and

[0020] A curing agent which cures the base material.

[0021] Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing bricks, which comprises the following steps:

[0022] Mixed brick materials;

[0023] Extruding the mixed brick material to form a molded body; and

[0024] Cutting the formed body,

[0025] Brick materials include:

[0026] Base materials; and

[0027] A curing agent which cures the base material.

[0028] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the curing agent includes sodium silicate (Na2SiO3), sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), calcium chloride (CaCl2), sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and citric acid.

[0029] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the base material may include one or more selected from soil and sludge. For example, the soil may be loess, clay, kaolin, dredged soil, and the like.

[0030] In addition, the present invention provides a brick manufacturing device, comprising:

[0031] An extruder for extruding brick materials, comprising an extruder body and an extrusion part, wherein the extruder body is equipped with a transfer screw, and the extrusion part is formed on one side of the extruder body;

[0032] a forming die which receives the extrudate extruded from the extrusion portion and forms the extrudate into a formed body;

[0033] a load device that applies a load to the extrudate supplied from the extrusion portion to the molding die, thereby increasing the density of the extrudate; and

[0034] A cutter cuts the molded body ejected from the molding die.

[0035] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the molding die includes an expansion molding die, which is used to mold a molding body having a larger longitudinal cross-sectional area (a cross-sectional area perpendicular to the extrusion direction) than the extrudate extruded from the extrusion portion. In this case, the expansion molding die includes: an expansion portion, which is combined with the extrusion portion; and an expansion molding portion, which is formed on one side of the expansion portion and is used to mold a molding body having a larger longitudinal cross-sectional area (a cross-sectional area perpendicular to the extrusion direction) than the extrudate.

[0036] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the load device includes: a baffle that is in close contact with the extruded object; and a load component that supports the baffle to apply the load. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the load device may further include a lifting component that enables the load component to move up and down.

[0037] According to the present invention, the particles of the base material constituting the brick are firmly aggregated by the curing agent, thereby having at least the effect of improving the strength. In addition, according to the present invention, bricks can be manufactured by an extrusion-type continuous process, and high-strength (high-density) bricks with a dense structure can be manufactured. Moreover, according to the present invention, as an extrusion-type continuous process, bricks with a dense structure and a size larger than the extrusion part can be manufactured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a side view of the brick manufacturing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 1 is a side view showing the main part of a brick manufacturing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 1 is a plan view showing the main part of a brick manufacturing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 As a side view showing the main part of the brick manufacturing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is a view for explaining the operation process of the brick manufacturing apparatus (a state in which a load device is installed in a molding line).

[0042] Figure 5 As a side view showing the main part of the brick manufacturing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is a view for explaining the operation process of the brick manufacturing apparatus (a view in which the load device is removed from the molding line).

[0043] Figure 6As a diagram showing the main part of the brick manufacturing device according to the embodiment of the present invention, this is a plan view showing the configuration of a load device installed.

[0044] Figure 7 As a comparative example for comparison with the present invention, a plan view showing a case where there is no load device is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The term "and / or" used in the present invention is used to mean at least one of the components listed before and after. The terms "first", "second", "one side" and "the other side" used in the present invention are used to distinguish one component from another component, and each component is not limited by the above terms.

[0046] The present invention provides a high-strength brick according to the first form, in which the material particles constituting the brick are firmly aggregated (bonded) by a curing agent, thereby at least improving the strength. The present invention provides a brick manufacturing method for manufacturing high-strength bricks according to the second form. The present invention provides a brick manufacturing device as a brick manufacturing device for manufacturing high-strength bricks according to the third form, which manufactures bricks with a dense structure (high strength / high density) by an extrusion-type continuous process. The present invention provides a brick manufactured by the brick manufacturing device of the present invention according to the fourth form. In addition, the present invention provides a brick manufacturing method using the brick manufacturing device of the present invention according to the fifth form and the bricks manufactured by the method.

[0047] The brick according to the present invention includes: a base material; and a curing agent that cures the base material. In other words, the brick according to the present invention includes the following effective components as brick materials constituting the brick: a base material (main component); and a curing agent (additional component) that cures the base material (main component). Although the brick according to the present invention is not particularly limited, it can be manufactured by methods such as pressurization (injection molding) and / or extrusion (extrusion molding).

[0048] If the brick according to the present invention is a molded body containing a base material and a curing agent as effective components, it is included therein. In the present invention, the specifications (horizontal (width) × vertical (thickness) × length) and shape of the brick are not particularly limited, and the brick according to the present invention may have various sizes and shapes. The brick according to the present invention may have the same specifications and / or shape as general ordinary bricks. In addition, the brick according to the present invention includes a molded body composed of: a block, which is larger than a general ordinary brick; a panel or a board, which is slightly flatter than a general ordinary brick and has a wider area (horizontal × vertical); and a bar, which is longer than a general ordinary brick.

[0049] According to a first embodiment of the present invention, a brick manufacturing method according to the present invention includes: a mixing step of mixing brick materials; and a molding step of molding the mixed brick materials. Here, the molding in the molding step can be selected from, for example, press molding (injection molding) and / or extrusion molding, etc. According to a second embodiment of the present invention, a brick manufacturing method according to the present invention includes: a mixing step of mixing brick materials; a molding step of extruding the mixed brick materials to form a molded body; and a cutting step of cutting the molded body. In the manufacturing method of the present invention, the brick material includes a base material; and a curing agent, which cures the base material.

[0050] Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, an embodiment of a brick manufacturing device according to the present invention will be described, and an embodiment of a brick according to the present invention and an embodiment of a brick manufacturing method according to the present invention will be described together. The accompanying drawings show exemplary embodiments of the present invention, which are only used to help understand the present invention. In the accompanying drawings, in order to clearly show each layer and area, the thickness may be magnified, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the thickness, size, proportion, etc. shown in the drawings. In addition, when describing the embodiments of the present invention below, a detailed description of the relevant well-known general functions and / or structures is omitted.

[0051] Figure 1 is a side view of a brick manufacturing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 1 is a side view showing the main parts of a brick manufacturing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a plan view showing the main parts of a brick manufacturing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As a side view showing the main part of the brick manufacturing device according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is a view for explaining the operation process of the brick manufacturing device. Figure 6 As a plan view showing the main part of the brick manufacturing device according to the embodiment of the present invention, a load device is installed. Figure 7 As a method for use with the present invention ( Figure 6 ) is a comparative example for comparison, showing the case where there is no load device.

[0052] According to one embodiment, the brick manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention includes: an extruder 100 that extrude brick materials to the molding die 200 side; the molding die 200 that is supplied with the extrudate P extruded from the extruder 100 and molded into a molded body F; a load device 300 that applies a load to the extrudate P supplied from the extrusion unit 160 to the molding die 200, thereby increasing the density of the extrudate P; and a cutter 400 that cuts the molded body F discharged from the molding die 200. According to another embodiment, the brick manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention may further include: a mixer 20 (e.g., a water mixing and kneading machine) for mixing brick materials; and / or a transfer conveyor 30 for transferring the molded body F. Examples of each component are described below.

[0053] First, in the present invention, the brick material includes a base material and a curing agent.

[0054] The base material is not particularly limited as long as it can be used as a material for bricks. The base material can be selected from a variety of materials, for example, sand, cement, soil (soil) and sludge (sludge) and the like. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the base material may include one or more selected from soil and sludge and the like. Soil can be selected from, for example, loess, clay, kaolin and dredged soil and the like. In addition, the base material may also include one or more selected from illite, germanium, mica, alunite, jade, amethyst and charcoal. The base material will be selected from, for example, concrete (a mixture of sand and cement), soil (loess, clay, kaolin and / or dredged soil, etc.) and sludge and the like as the main component, and here, it may also include one or more selected from illite, germanium, mica, alunite, jade, amethyst and charcoal and the like as an additional component.

[0055] Dredged soil is deposited at the bottom or around rivers, reservoirs and coasts, and can be collected, dried and crushed for use. Sludge can be selected from water treatment plant sludge, river wastewater treatment plant sludge, papermaking sludge and / or feces and urine treatment plant sludge. For example, inorganic sludge with an inorganic content of 40% by weight or more in solid content can be used. For example, water treatment plant sludge is dehydrated, dried and crushed for use.

[0056] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the brick material may include: a base material selected from one or more particles of soil (loess, clay, kaolin and / or dredged soil, etc.) and sludge, and a curing agent that cures the base material. In this case, the base material may have, for example, an average particle size (D) of 20 to 1,000 mesh. 50 ), and specifically, may have, for example, an average particle size (D 50). These base materials may comprise, for example, 70 to 98 wt%, 75 to 96 wt%, or 80 to 95 wt%, based on the total weight of the brick material (based on the solid content).

[0057] The curing agent is selected from substances that aggregate (bond) the particles of the base material. The curing agent allows the particles of the base material to be firmly aggregated (bonded) to produce a cured brick with at least improved strength. These curing agents are contained, for example, in an amount of 0.1 to 12 wt%, 0.2 to 10 wt%, or 0.5 to 8 wt%, based on the total weight of the brick material (based on the solid content).

[0058] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the curing agent includes sodium silicate (Na2SiO3), sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), calcium chloride (CaCl2), sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and citric acid. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the curing agent can effectively use a mixed composition with 100 parts by weight of sodium silicate (Na2SiO3), 10 to 30 parts by weight of sodium chloride (NaCl), 15 to 40 parts by weight of potassium chloride (KCl), 10 to 30 parts by weight of calcium chloride (CaCl2), 2 to 8 parts by weight of sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and 1 to 6 parts by weight of citric acid. The curing agent composed of such components and contents can make the particles of the base material such as loess firmly aggregate (solidify), thereby preventing loess from being attached to the human body when in contact with the human body, and effectively improve the surface hardness and strength (compression strength, tensile strength, fracture strength and bending strength, etc.) of the brick. The brick according to the present invention may include the curing agent as described above, for example, having a compressive strength of 32 MPa or more or a compressive strength of 35 MPa or more.

[0059] In addition, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the curing agent includes sodium silicate (Na2SiO3), sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), calcium chloride (CaCl2), sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and citric acid as described above as effective ingredients, and may also include additives.

[0060] The additive is not particularly limited, and for example, it can be selected from trace amounts of cobalt (Co) compounds, phosphorus (P) compounds, barium (Ba) compounds, magnesium (Mg) compounds, aluminum (Al) compounds, silicon (Si) compounds, fluorine (F) compounds, iron (Fe) compounds, lignin sulfonates and / or alkaline compounds (NaOH, etc.), etc. For example, these additives can be included in the range of 0.005 to 2 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of sodium silicate (Na2SiO3).

[0061] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the brick material includes the base material and the curing agent as effective components, and may further include a reinforcing material for enhancing strength. The reinforcing material may be selected from fiber materials and / or cement, etc. The fiber material may be a crushed product of pulp, fabric and / or non-woven fabric, etc. In addition, depending on the situation, the brick material may further include an appropriate amount of water for kneading and / or a color substance (pigment) for coloring, etc.

[0062] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the brick material may include: one or more base materials selected from particles of soil (loess, clay, kaolin and / or dredged soil, etc.) and sludge, etc.; a curing agent that solidifies the base material; and cement that is used to enhance the bonding strength. At this time, the brick material may include, for example, 75-96 weight % of the base material, 0.2-10 weight % of the curing agent, and 2-15 weight % of the cement, based on a mixture of the base material, the curing agent, and the cement (based on the solid content).

[0063] refer to Figure 1 , the brick manufacturing device according to the present invention may also include a material screening machine 10 as described above for screening brick materials to achieve homogeneity of brick materials and / or a crusher (not shown) for crushing brick materials. The material screening machine 10 and the crusher may be installed at the front end of the extruder 100. The material screening machine 10 removes stones or foreign materials contained in soil such as loess or dredged soil by screening (screening and filtering), and it may be selected from screening materials of uniform particles including a sieve. When a base material for bricks, such as loess, clay and / or dredged soil, is used, the material screening machine 10 may be used to remove stones or foreign materials contained in the soil, and then the soil may be crushed with a crusher such as a roll crusher, and then uniform and fine particles may be obtained by sieve filtering for use.

[0064] The brick material is supplied to the extruder 100. The brick material has a base material and a curing agent as effective components, and an appropriate amount of water is added to mix the brick material to have a viscosity that can be extruded by the extruder 100. Although the brick material can be mixed in the extruder 100 in a form having an appropriate viscosity, according to another embodiment of the present invention, in order to perform uniform mixing, it can be mixed in a separate mixer 20 and then supplied to the extruder 100. To this end, the brick manufacturing device according to the present invention may further include a mixer 20 installed at the front end of the extruder 100.

[0065] The mixer 20 can preferably generate a viscous mass by mixing the brick materials, and for example, a mixing device selected from a blender and a water mixer can be used. Figure 1 The mixer 20 mixes (kneads) the brick material while advancing it, and a water mixing and kneading machine 20 in which one or more mixers 22 are installed inside the housing 21 can be used. The mixer 22 includes: a rotating shaft 22a; and a plurality of kneaders 22b, which are formed around the rotating shaft 22a. When the brick material is put into the inlet 21a of the housing 21, the kneader 22b is rotated by the rotation of the rotating shaft 22a, and the brick material is kneaded (mixed) and discharged to the discharge port 21b by the rotation of the kneader 22b. At this time, the base material (for example, soil particles such as loess, clay, kaolin and / or dredged soil) and the curing agent liquid can be separately put into the inlet 21a of the housing 21 as the brick material. The curing agent liquid is a solidifying agent dissolved in water, and an object obtained by mixing the solidifying agent composed of the above-mentioned components and contents in water can be effectively used.

[0066] The extruder 100 is used to extrude the brick material to the side of the forming die 200, and a commonly used extruder (or extrusion forming machine) can be used. The extruder 100 includes: an extruder body 120, which is used to form an internal space; a transfer screw 140, which is installed inside the extruder body 120; and an extrusion part 160, which is formed on one side of the extruder body 120 (the right side in the figure). In addition, a hopper 110 for feeding brick materials can be installed on the other side of the extruder body 120 (the left side in the figure). One or more transfer screws 140 can be installed inside the extruder body 120. The figure illustrates an example of installing two transfer screws 140 (reference Figure 3 ) of a twin-shaft extruder 100.

[0067] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the extrusion part 160 is formed in an integral form on one side of the extruder body 120, and may have an inner diameter (specification) smaller than the extruder body 120 to achieve the density of the brick structure. In other words, the extrusion part 160 whose longitudinal cross-sectional area (inner diameter) decreases along the extrusion direction (right direction in the figure) may be formed on one side of the extruder body 120.

[0068] In the present invention, "longitudinal cross-sectional area" refers to the cross-sectional area perpendicular (orthogonal) to the extrusion direction (the direction of the arrow marked in the figure), and specifically refers to the cross-sectional area (longitudinal cross-sectional area) of the surface cut when the corresponding component is cut in the direction perpendicular (orthogonal) to the extrusion direction (vertical direction in the figure). In addition, in the present invention, "inner diameter" and "specification" refer to one or more lengths (dimensions) selected from the horizontal length and the vertical length in the longitudinal section (the section cut in the direction perpendicular to the extrusion direction - the section cut in the vertical direction in the figure) of the corresponding component.

[0069] The brick material flowing into the extruder body 120 through the hopper 110 is extruded (discharged) and supplied to the molding die 200 side through the extrusion part 160 by the extrusion force generated by the rotation of the transfer screw 140. At this time, the extrudate P passes through the extrusion part 160 having a smaller inner diameter (longitudinal cross-sectional area) than the extruder body 120 and has a dense structure (increasing the density of the brick material). The extrudate P extruded from the extrusion part 160 is supplied to the inside of the molding die 200.

[0070] The molding die 200 receives the supply of the extrudate P extruded from the extrusion unit 160, and molds it into a molded body F of a predetermined shape and then discharges it. The extrudate P extruded from the extrusion unit 160 and the molded body F molded in the molding die 200 may have the same longitudinal cross-sectional area (specification), but according to an embodiment of the present invention, the molded body F molded in the molding die 200 may have a longitudinal cross-sectional area (specification) greater than that of the extrudate P extruded from the extrusion unit 160. To this end, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the molding die 200 includes an expansion molding die 200. Specifically, the molding die 200 is composed of an expansion molding die 200 that molds a molded body F having a longitudinal cross-sectional area (specification) greater than that of the extrudate P extruded from the extrusion unit 160. In other words, when the molded body F is cut (longitudinal section) in a direction perpendicular to the extrusion direction (longitudinal direction), the expansion molding die 200 molds a molded body F having a size (specification) greater than that of the extrudate P in any one or more of the transverse and vertical directions of the cut longitudinal section.

[0071] The expansion molding die 200 includes: an expansion portion 210 (refer to Figure 3 ), whose inner diameter (longitudinal cross-sectional area) gradually expands along the extrusion direction (right direction in the figure); the expansion molding portion 220 is formed on one side of the expansion portion 210 (right side in the figure). At this time, the expansion portion 210 is connected with the extrusion portion 160 in a connected form, so as to obtain the supply of the extruded object P extruded from the extrusion portion 160. The expansion molding portion 220 has a length L (reference Figure 4) has an inner diameter (longitudinal cross-sectional area) greater than that of the extrusion part 160, and is used to form a molded body F having a longitudinal cross-sectional area (specification) greater than that of the extrusion object P. The expansion molding part 220 may have a longitudinal cross-sectional shape, for example, a rectangular or square shape. In addition, an air exhaust hole (not shown) for exhausting air may be formed in the expansion part 210. A plurality of air exhaust holes may be formed in the expansion part 210, and air is exhausted when the extrusion object P flows in, thereby improving the density of the brick structure (minimizing voids).

[0072] The expansion molding die 200 may have an integral structure fixedly coupled to the extrusion portion 160. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the expansion molding die 200 may be coupled to the extrusion portion 160 in a detachable (coupled and separated) form. The expansion molding die 200 may be detachably coupled to the extrusion portion 160 through a joint component such as a flange. In this case, the expansion molding die 200 may be replaced with a different inner diameter (longitudinal cross-sectional area) according to circumstances (i.e., the inner diameter (longitudinal cross-sectional area) of the expansion molding portion 220 is replaced in a different form), thereby variably manufacturing bricks with different specifications (longitudinal cross-sectional areas).

[0073] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the expansion molding die 200 may further include a guide portion 230 formed on one side (right side in the figure) of the expansion molding portion 220. The guide portion 230 is extended and formed in an integral form on one side (right side in the figure) of the expansion molding portion 220, and its upper portion may have an open structure. According to a specific embodiment, the expansion molding die 200 is based on the longitudinal section, and in the case of the expansion portion 210 and the expansion molding portion 220, the upper and lower left and right sides are closed structures, and have a cross-sectional shape of approximately "□", and in the case of the guide portion 230, the upper portion is an open structure, and has a cross-sectional shape of approximately The guide portion 230 provides a space for installing the load device 300 at the initial stage of brick manufacturing (when the extrudate P first flows in), and guides the molded body F ejected from the expansion molding portion 220 after the load device 300 is removed.

[0074] The load device 300 increases the density (g / cm2) of the extrudate P supplied from the extrusion unit 160 to the molding die 200 by applying a load. 3, unit volume weight), and at least has a high density through such a load device 300. Specifically, the brick material particles (for example, base material particles such as loess, clay, kaolin and / or dredged soil) constituting the extrudate P are densely packed in the forming die 200 through the load device 300, thereby increasing the density of the extrudate P, thereby making the brick structure more dense, and the brick product finally obtained has at least high strength (high density). In addition, when a molded body F having a more expanded longitudinal cross-sectional area (specification) than the extrudate P is formed by the expansion forming die 200, the load device 300 fills (fills) the extrudate P in the expansion forming die 200, thereby being able to improve the density while forming the expanded molded body F.

[0075] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the load device 300 includes: a baffle plate 310 which is in close contact with the extrudate P; and a load component 320 which supports the baffle plate 310 to apply a load.

[0076] The baffle plate 310 is installed inside the molding die 200. Specifically, the baffle plate 310 is installed inside the expansion molding portion 220 and extends along the length interval L (reference Figure 4 ) moves in the left-right direction. The baffle 310 hinders the extrudate P from passing through the expansion molding portion 220, thereby increasing the density of the extrudate P. Specifically, the baffle 310 hinders the extrudate P from passing through the expansion molding portion 220 easily through the forward force (extrusion force), thereby making the expansion portion 210 and the expansion molding portion 220 filled with the extrudate P, and increasing the tissue density of the extrudate P.

[0077] The load component 320 is installed on one side of the baffle 310 (right side in the figure), and supports the baffle 310 while applying a load to the baffle 310. The load component 320 is preferably a load (resistance) that can apply a load that makes the baffle 310 less likely to be pushed by the forward force (extrusion force) of the extrudate P. This load component 320 is selected as a load force that is smaller than the forward force (extrusion force) of the extrudate P, and has a load force that can slowly pass the extrudate P through the inside of the expansion molding part 220 when the extrudate P is in close contact with the baffle 310. The load component 320 can use, for example, an elastic body that elastically supports the baffle 310 and applies a load. The load component 320 can use, for example, an actuator that applies a load to the baffle 310 through an energy source such as electrical, hydraulic and / or compressed air. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the load component 320 can be selected from an actuator such as a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder. In addition, one or more load components 320 can be installed on one side of the baffle 310. As shown in the drawings, the load component 320 is constituted by an actuator (eg, a hydraulic cylinder), and may be installed in the inner space of the guide portion 230 .

[0078] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the load device 300 may further include a lifting member 340 for moving the load member 320 up and down. According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, the load device 300 may further include a rail 350 for enabling the lifting member 340 to move left and right. In addition, the load device 300 may further include a supporting member 360 for supporting the rail 350 and / or the lifting member 340.

[0079] The lifting component 340 is installed on the upper part of the load component 320. At this time, one side (the lower side in the figure) of the lifting component 340 is connected to the load component 320, and the other side (the upper side in the figure) thereof can be connected to the track 350. Such a lifting component 340 preferably allows the load component 320 to move in the up and down direction, and it can be selected from actuators such as hydraulic cylinders or pneumatic cylinders. In addition, the track 350 is installed on the upper part of the lifting component 340. At this time, the track 350 preferably has a structure that allows the lifting component 340 to move left and right. At this time, the lifting component 340 moves left and right along the track 350.

[0080] Therefore, the load device 300 can be moved in the up-down, left-right direction by the lifting member 340 and the rail 350. In other words, the baffle 310 and the load member 320 can be moved in the up-down, left-right direction by the lifting member 340 and the rail 350. The baffle 310 and the load member 320 can be separated and removed from the molding die 200 by moving in the up-down, left-right direction. Figure 5 The baffle plate 310 and the load member 320 are shown located on the upper part of the molding die 200 after being removed from the molding die 200 by movement.

[0081] The process of manufacturing bricks using the brick manufacturing apparatus as described above is described below.

[0082] First, refer to Figures 1 to 3 , the brick material is put into the extruder 100 for extrusion. As mentioned above, the brick material is fully kneaded by the water mixing and kneading machine 20 and then put into the extruder 100. The extrudate P is generated in the extrusion part 160 by extrusion, and is extruded (discharged) along the extrusion direction (the arrow direction in the figure), and the extrudate P is supplied to the expansion part 210 of the expansion molding die 200. At this time, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the load device 300 is installed in the expansion molding die 200. In other words, the baffle 310 is installed inside one side of the expansion molding part 220. More specifically, the baffle 310 is inserted and installed inside the expansion molding part 220 and is located on the boundary line between the expansion part 210 and the expansion molding part 220. In addition, the load component 320 is installed inside the guide part 230.

[0083] Reference Figure 4When the extrudate P is continuously supplied to the inside of the expansion molding die 200, the expansion portion 210 is filled with the extrudate P, and the baffle 310 is slowly moved by the forward force (extrusion force) of the extrudate P. The baffle 310 moves along the length interval L of the expansion molding portion 220, along the extrusion direction (right side in the figure), and is located at the end of the expansion molding portion 220, that is, the boundary line between the expansion molding portion 220 and the guide portion 230. At this time, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the interior of the expanded molded portion 220 is filled with a dense structure after the extruded material P passes through the expanded portion 210, thereby forming a molded body F.

[0084] refer to Figure 5 When the baffle 310 is located at the end position of the expansion molding part 220, the load device 300 is removed from the molding line (extrusion direction). In other words, the baffle 310 and the load component 320 are separated from the expansion molding die 200. At this time, as described above, the baffle 310 and the load component 320 are moved to the upper side by the lifting member 340 and the rail 350, and then move to the left side, thereby separating from the expansion molding die 200. Figure 5 As shown, the baffle 310 and the load member 320 may be located at the upper part of the expansion molding die 200 after being separated and removed from the molding line (extrusion direction) of the expansion molding die 200. Even when the load device 300 is separated and removed from the molding line (extrusion direction), the extrudate P continues to flow into the expansion molding section 220, so that the molded body F is pushed along the extrusion direction (molding line) and continuously generated. After passing through the expansion molding section 220, the molded body F advances along the guide portion 230 and is discharged, and then supplied to the cutter 400 on the transfer conveyor 30.

[0085] After the load device 300 is removed, the extrudate P continues to flow into the expansion molding section 220, and the extrudate P flowing in at this time has density due to friction with the internal wall surface of the expansion molding section 220. In other words, after the load device 300 is removed, the friction force in contact with the internal wall surface of the expansion molding section 220 acts as a load, and after the load device 300 is removed, the extrudate P / molded body F that continues to flow in has density due to wall friction (load). Considering the density caused by such wall friction, the length L of the expansion molding section 220 (reference Figure 4 ) may have a length of more than 30 cm. The length L of the expansion molding portion 220 may have a specific length of, for example, 30 cm to 2 m, or 40 cm to 1.5 m.

[0086] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the load device 300 may further include: a sensor (not shown) that senses the position of the baffle 310; and a control unit (not shown) that at least operates (controls) the lifting component 340 according to the sensing signal of the sensor. In this case, the sensor is installed at the end of the expansion molding part 220 and the boundary line between the expansion molding part 220 and the guide part 230, and when the baffle 310 reaches the boundary line, the signal may be transmitted to the control unit. In addition, the control unit may control the baffle 310 and the load component 320 to be separated and removed from the molding line (extrusion direction) by operating the lifting component 340.

[0087] The cutter 400 is installed at the rear end of the expansion molding die 200, that is, the extrusion direction (right side in the figure), and cuts the molded body discharged from the molding die 200 into a predetermined length. Such a cutter 400 can be a commonly used one. The cutter 400 can have a cutting part in the form of a blade, a saw tooth, a wire, etc.

[0088] A transfer conveyor 30 may be installed at the lower side of the cutter 400. The molded body cut into a predetermined length by the cutter 400 is continuously transferred by the transfer conveyor 30. After that, the molded body transferred by the transfer conveyor 30 may be dried and brick manufacturing is completed. The molded body may be dried after stacking in multiple stages on a tray. In addition, the molded body may be naturally dried and / or hot air dried, and may be sintered at high temperature in a sintering furnace according to the situation.

[0089] After a certain amount of bricks are manufactured through extrusion, molding, cutting, drying, etc. as described above, the load device 300 is restored to its original position and the manufacturing process is repeated. For example, after a day's brick manufacturing amount or brick material usage amount is completed, the manufacturing process is repeated by positioning the baffle 310 and the load member 320 of the load device 300 at the molding line (extrusion line).

[0090] According to the manufacturing apparatus of the present invention described above, bricks can be manufactured by an extrusion-type continuous process as described above, and high-strength (high-density) bricks with a dense structure can be manufactured by the load device 300. In addition, according to the present invention, bricks with a dense structure and a longitudinal cross-sectional area (specification) larger than the extrusion part 160 can be manufactured by the load device 300 and the expansion molding die 200.

[0091] refer to Figure 6 In the present invention, the load device 300 increases the density (increases the density of the particle structure) by applying a load to the extrudate P, and at the same time fills (fills) the expansion portion 210 and the expansion molding portion 220 with the extrudate P to produce an expansion molding F having a longitudinal cross-sectional area (specification) larger than the extrusion portion 160, which has technical significance. Figure 7is used in conjunction with the present invention Figure 6 Figure 1 shows a comparative example for comparison. Figure 7 As shown in (Comparative Example), when the load device 300 is not installed, the extrudate P easily moves in the extrusion direction. In this case, since the expansion section 210 and the expansion molding section 220 are not filled with the extrudate P, the expansion molding F is difficult to mold and the density (density of the particle structure) is also low.

[0092] On the other hand, according to another embodiment, the brick manufacturing device according to the present invention may further include a mobile device, which can be installed (carried) with the device components 100, 200, 300, 400 as described above and move. The mobile device can preferably carry the device components 100, 200, 300, 400 and move. The mobile device is exemplified by a transport device such as a vehicle, and specifically, for example, a trailer can be used. Generally, a hydraulic power pack is installed on a large trailer, and the required hydraulic pressure can be supplied by the actuator (hydraulic cylinder) of the load component 320 or the lifting component 340 constituting the load device 300 through this hydraulic power pack.

[0093] The mobile device (trailer, etc.) can be equipped with the extruder 100, expansion molding die 200, loading device 300 and cutter 400 as described above, and depending on the situation, it can also be equipped with a material screening machine 10, mixer 20, crusher and / or transfer conveyor 30, etc.

[0094] According to the brick manufacturing device of the present invention, when it also includes the mobile device as described above, for example, it can be moved to the construction site of a building (the wall construction site of the building), and bricks can be directly manufactured and supplied at the construction site. In addition, the brick manufacturing device according to the present invention can be moved not only to the construction site of a building, but also to the collection site of brick materials to manufacture bricks. Specifically, it is directly moved to the collection site of brick materials (for example, a place where loess, clay, kaolin and / or dredged soil and other soils are distributed in large quantities) through a transportation device, and bricks are manufactured using the local soil at the collection site. In this case, at least the transportation cost or storage cost of the brick materials can be reduced, thereby reducing the supply cost of bricks.

[0095] Hereinafter, examples and comparative examples of the present invention are illustrated. The following examples and comparative examples show examples of manufacturing bricks, which specifically show experimental examples according to the composition and content of the curing agent. The following examples are provided only as examples to help understand the present invention, and the technical scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. In addition, the following comparative examples do not mean prior art, which are provided only for comparison with the examples.

[0096] [Example 1]

[0097] A dried loess powder having an average particle size of about 350 mesh is prepared, and commercial Portland cement is mixed therewith to prepare a powdered mixed powder material. In addition, a curing agent liquid is prepared in which a curing agent is mixed in water. After that, a mass is obtained by kneading the mixed powder material and the curing agent liquid, and then the mass is placed in a mold to form a brick forming body having a size of about 60mm×60mm×180mm (horizontal×vertical×long). At this time, the mass contains about 88% by weight of loess powder, about 9.6% by weight of cement, and about 2.4% by weight of curing agent based on the solid content. In addition, the curing agent is a mixture of about 14 parts by weight of sodium chloride (NaCl), about 26 parts by weight of potassium chloride (KCl), about 16 parts by weight of calcium chloride (CaCl2), about 4 parts by weight of sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), and about 3 parts by weight of citric acid relative to 100 parts by weight of sodium silicate (Na2SiO3).

[0098] After the brick molded body was cured at room temperature for three days, its compression strength and adhesion were evaluated. The results are shown in [Table 1]. The compression strength was measured by conventional methods using a compression strength tester for brick samples (after 3 days of curing). The degree of adhesion was evaluated as follows: after wiping the brick sample with fingers several times (after 3 days of curing), if loess was attached to the fingers, it was evaluated as "yes", and if there was almost no loess attached to the fingers, it was evaluated as "no", and the results are shown in [Table 1].

[0099] [Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2]

[0100] In comparison with Example 1, the same method as in Example 1 was used except that the composition (ingredients and content) of the curing agent was different, thereby manufacturing brick samples according to each comparative example. The composition (ingredients and content) of the curing agent used in each comparative example is shown in [Table 1]. In addition, according to each comparative example, the compressive strength and adhesion degree of the brick sample (after curing for 3 days) were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in [Table 1].

[0101] [Table 1]

[0102] <Evaluation results of properties of brick samples according to the composition and content of curing agent, unit: parts by weight>

[0103]

[0104] As shown in [Table 1], it can be seen that the characteristics of the brick samples vary depending on the components and contents of the curing agent. According to this experimental example, when the curing agent is appropriately composed with the same components and contents as in Example 1, it has high strength (high compressive strength of about 36 MPa or more) compared to other cases (Comparative Examples 1 and 2), and it can also be seen that there is no loess adhesion.

[0105] Industrial Application Possibility

[0106] The brick according to the present invention has at least improved strength, and is therefore useful in industry. In addition, the present invention can manufacture high-strength (high-density) bricks through an extrusion-type continuous process, thereby improving productivity and manufacturing bricks larger than the extrusion unit 160.

Claims

1. A brick manufacturing device, characterized in that: include: An extruder (100) is used to extrude brick materials and comprises an extruder body (120) and an extrusion part (160), wherein the extruder body (120) is equipped with a transfer screw (140), and the extrusion part (160) is formed on one side of the extruder body (120); a molding die (200) which receives the extrudate (P) extruded from the extrusion unit (160) and molds the extrudate (P) into a molded body (F); a load device (300) for applying a load to an extrudate (P) supplied from an extrusion unit (160) to a molding die (200), thereby increasing the density of the extrudate (P); and A cutting machine (400) cuts the molded body (F) ejected from the molding die (200), Brick materials include: Base materials; and A curing agent which cures the base material.

2. The brick manufacturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Curing agents include sodium silicate (Na2SiO3), sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), calcium chloride (CaCl2), sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and citric acid.

3. The brick manufacturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The molding die (200) includes an expansion molding die (200) for molding a molded body (F) having a longitudinal cross-sectional area (a cross-sectional area perpendicular to the extrusion direction) larger than an extrudate (P) extruded from an extrusion portion (160).

4. The brick manufacturing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The expansion molding die (200) comprises: An expansion portion (210) combined with the extrusion portion (160); an expansion molding portion (220) formed on one side of the expanded portion (210) and used to mold a molded body (F) having a longitudinal cross-sectional area (a cross-sectional area perpendicular to the extrusion direction) larger than that of the extrudate (P); and A guide portion (230) is formed on one side of the expansion molding portion (220), The load device (300) comprises: a baffle (310) installed inside the expansion molding portion (220) and in close contact with the extruded object (P); a load member (320) installed inside the guide portion (230) and supporting the baffle (310) to apply a load; A lifting member (340) is installed on the upper part of the load member (320) and enables the load member (320) to move up and down; and The track (350) is installed on the upper part of the lifting component (340) and can enable the lifting component (340) to move left and right.

5. A method for manufacturing bricks, characterized in that: The steps include: Mixed brick materials; as well as The mixed brick materials are molded. Brick materials include: Base materials; and A curing agent which cures the base material.

6. The brick manufacturing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: Curing agents include sodium silicate (Na2SiO3), sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), calcium chloride (CaCl2), sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and citric acid.

7. The brick manufacturing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The brick manufacturing method utilizes the brick manufacturing device according to claim 1.

8. A brick, characterized in that: include: Basic materials; as well as A curing agent which cures the base material.

9. The brick according to claim 8, characterized in that Curing agents include sodium silicate (Na2SiO3), sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), calcium chloride (CaCl2), sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and citric acid.

10. The brick according to claim 8, characterized in that The brick is manufactured using the brick manufacturing device according to claim 1, The base material includes at least one selected from soil and sludge.

11. The brick according to claim 9, characterized in that The bricks also include reinforcing materials for increased strength and have a compressive strength of more than 32MPa, The base material includes at least one selected from loess, clay, kaolin, dredged soil and sludge, The reinforcing material includes at least one selected from fiber materials and cement.

12. The brick according to claim 9, characterized in that The curing agent includes: relative to 100 parts by weight of sodium silicate (Na2SiO3), 10 to 30 parts by weight of sodium chloride (NaCl), 15 to 40 parts by weight of potassium chloride (KCl), 10 to 30 parts by weight of calcium chloride (CaCl2), 2 to 8 parts by weight of sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and 1 to 6 parts by weight of citric acid.

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