Bactericide containing validamycin and melia azedarach terpene ketone lactone and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fungicides for crops, in particular to a fungicide containing validamycin and melia azedarach terpene ketone lactone and application of the fungicide. The bactericide is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 15-50% of a bactericidal composition, 1-3% of plant source essential oil and the balance of a carrier and / or an auxiliary material, the bactericidal composition is prepared from validamycin and melia azedarach terpene ketone lactone, and the mass ratio of the validamycin to the melia azedarach terpene ketone lactone is 1 to (0.5 to 3). The bactericide disclosed by the invention has a very good effect in preventing and treating rice sheath blight disease, rice blast and bacterial leaf blight, the prevention and treatment effect can be remarkably improved, the dosage and cost are reduced, and the rice yield is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fungicides for crop control, and in particular to a fungicide containing jinggangmycin and azadirachtin lactone. The present invention also relates to the application of the fungicide in the control of rice sheath blight, rice blast and bacterial leaf blight. Background Art

[0002] Rice is a herbaceous rice, and is also the most important and oldest grain in the genus. It is native to China and is one of the world's major food crops. The safe production of rice is a strategic issue related to the social stability and national security of our country, and rice diseases are the main factor affecting rice yield and quality. According to incomplete statistics, there are hundreds of rice diseases, but the more common ones are rice blast, sheath blight, leaf blight and nematode diseases.

[0003] At present, the most commonly used rice control pesticide is Jinggangmycin. Jinggangmycin is an antibiotic produced by actinomycetes. It has strong systemicity and is easily absorbed by bacterial cells and rapidly transmitted inside them, interfering with and inhibiting the growth and development of bacterial cells. It has a significant control effect on rice sheath blight, but its efficacy is short and requires frequent use, which increases costs. In addition, long-term application of a single chemical agent is prone to the generation and development of drug resistance, reducing the efficacy of the chemical agent. Therefore, it is necessary to screen out a compound agent that has both synergistic effects and can reduce the dosage and cost of the drug. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above technical problems, the first object of the present invention is to provide a fungicide containing jinggangmycin and azadirachtin lactone, which can significantly improve the prevention and control effect, reduce the dosage and cost, and increase rice yield.

[0005] The second object of the present invention is to provide a fungicide containing validamycin and azadirachtin for use in preventing and controlling rice sheath blight, rice blast and bacterial leaf blight.

[0006] The first object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: A fungicide containing validamycin and mediterrane lactones, which is composed of the following components by mass percentage: 15-50% of a fungicide composition, 1-3% of a plant-derived essential oil, and the remainder being a carrier and / or an auxiliary material; the fungicide composition is composed of validamycin and mediterrane lactones, and the mass ratio of validamycin to mediterrane lactones is 1:(0.5-3).

[0007] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the validamycin to the azadirachtin is 1:(1-2).

[0008] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plant-derived essential oil includes but is not limited to one or more of tea tree essential oil, lavender essential oil, lemongrass essential oil or rosemary essential oil.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary agent includes but is not limited to one or more of polyethylene glycol, glycerol, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, ammonium sulfate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester, benzoic acid, sodium lignin sulfonate, carboxymethyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the carrier includes but is not limited to one or more of polyglycolic acid, lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer, polyhydroxybutyric acid, polylactide, polycaprolactone, polyorthoester or polyalkyl cyanoacrylate.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fungicide is composed of the following components by mass percentage: 30-40% of the fungicide composition, 2% of the plant essential oil, and the remainder is a carrier and / or an auxiliary material.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fungicide is a wettable powder, a suspension or a water dispersible granule.

[0013] According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the fungicide is a suspension concentrate or a wettable powder, the particle size is ≤3 microns.

[0014] The second object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme: a fungicide containing validamycin and azadirachtin lactone is used in preventing and controlling rice sheath blight, rice blast and bacterial leaf blight.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fungicide is applied during the rice seed treatment period or the rice growth period, and the number of applications is 2 to 3 times, with spraying once every 8 to 10 days.

[0016] According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the concentration of the drug solution applied each time is 200-3000 ppm.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the fungicide containing jinggangmycin and nepal lactone of the present invention, jinggangmycin and nepal lactone are used as a fungicide composition, which has a synergistic effect. Jinggangmycin inhibits the growth and reproduction of pathogens by producing antibiotics, enzymes, etc., but the drug effect time is short, while nepal lactone kills pathogens by destroying cell membranes and inhibiting protein synthesis. It is a natural antibacterial agent with a long drug effect time. The combination of the two can interact through different mechanisms to reduce drug resistance, further improve the disease resistance of crops, and improve the protective effect, thereby reducing the amount of pesticides used.

[0018] 2. The addition of plant essential oil to the fungicide containing jinggangmycin and azadirachtin lactone of the present invention can serve as a natural synergist, which can not only regulate the absorption and metabolism of plants to enhance the drug penetration, but also promote crop growth and further enhance the effects of jinggangmycin and azadirachtin lactone.

[0019] 3. The auxiliary agents or carriers used in the fungicide containing Jinggangmycin and azadirachtin are all environmentally friendly substances, which improves the application efficiency and reduces the pollution to the environment. The components cooperate with each other, and the composite fungicide of the present invention has the advantages of high efficiency, low residue, long lasting effect and environmental friendliness.

[0020] 4. The fungicide containing Jinggangmycin and azadirachtin lactone of the present invention has a significant effect in preventing and controlling rice sheath blight, rice blast and bacterial leaf blight, and reduces the amount of pesticide used, saves the cost of pesticide use, and increases economic benefits. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods, but does not constitute any limitation to the present invention.

[0022] When preparing the suspension, the carrier or auxiliary agent that can be used can be a dispersant selected from sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, polycarboxylate or sodium lignin sulfonate; a wetting agent selected from alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, alkyl sulfate, alkyl sulfonate or naphthalene sulfonate; an organosilicon defoamer; and an adhesive selected from polyethylene glycol and glycerol.

[0023] When preparing the wettable powder of the present invention, the carrier or auxiliary agent that can be used can be a dispersant selected from polycarboxylates, lignin sulfonates or alkyl naphthalene sulfonates; a wetting agent selected from alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates or naphthalene sulfonates; a carrier selected from polyglycolic acid, lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer, polyhydroxybutyric acid, polylactide, polycaprolactone, polyorthoester or polyalkyl cyanoacrylate.

[0024] When preparing water-dispersible granules of the present invention, the carrier or auxiliary agent that can be used can be a dispersant selected from polycarboxylates, lignin sulfonates or alkyl naphthalene sulfonates; a wetting agent selected from alkyl sulfates, polyoxyethylene alcohols, alkyl sulfonates or naphthalene sulfonates; a binder selected from corn starch, microcrystalline cellulose or diatomaceous earth; a carrier selected from polyglycolic acid, lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer, polyhydroxybutyric acid, polylactide, polycaprolactone, polyorthoester or polyalkyl cyanoacrylate.

[0025] Example 1, fungicide suspension with a mass ratio of Jinggangmycin to neem terpene lactone of 1:0.5

[0026] Jinggangmycin 10%, azadirachtin 5%, tea tree essential oil 3%, sodium lignin sulfonate 2%, silicone defoamer 1%, polyethylene glycol 3%, and the balance is water.

[0027] According to the formula, 10% of Jinggangmycin, 5% of Azadirachtin, 3% of plant essential oil, 2% of sodium lignin sulfonate, 3% of polyethylene glycol and half of the water were put into a stone mill and ground until the particle size was less than 3 microns. Then, they were dispersed into a dispersion tank, and the remaining water and defoaming agent were added. The mixture was stirred at high speed for 30 minutes to form a uniform suspension.

[0028] Example 2, fungicide suspension containing jinggangmycin and neem terpene lactone in a mass ratio of 1:2

[0029] Jinggangmycin 10%, azadirachtin 20%, tea tree essential oil 3%, sodium lignin sulfonate 2%, silicone defoamer 1%, polyethylene glycol 3%, and the balance is water.

[0030] The preparation method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0031] Example 3, fungicide suspension with a mass ratio of jinggangmycin to neem terpene lactone of 1:3

[0032] Jinggangmycin 10%, azadirachtin 30%, tea tree essential oil 3%, sodium lignin sulfonate 2%, silicone defoamer 1%, polyethylene glycol 3%, and the balance is water.

[0033] The preparation method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0034] Example 4, fungicide wettable powder with a mass ratio of jinggangmycin to neem lactone of 1:2

[0035] 10% of Jinggangmycin, 20% of azadirachtin, 3% of tea tree essential oil, 5% of sodium lignin sulfonate, 3% of naphthalene sulfonate, and the balance is lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer.

[0036] Add each component into the mixer according to the formula amount, stir for 20 minutes, then send the mixture into the air flow mill for ultrafine grinding to a particle size of less than 3 microns, then put it into the mixer again and stir for 30 minutes to ensure that the components are evenly distributed.

[0037] Comparative Example 1

[0038] Suspension concentrate of fungicide without neem lactone

[0039] Jinggangmycin 10%, tea tree essential oil 3%, sodium lignin sulfonate 2%, silicone defoamer 1%, polyethylene glycol 3%, and the balance is water.

[0040] The other steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0041] Comparative Example 2

[0042] Fungicide suspension without Jinggangmycin

[0043] Azadirachta lactone 20%, tea tree essential oil 3%, sodium lignin sulfonate 2%, silicone defoamer 1%, polyethylene glycol 3%, and the balance is water.

[0044] The other steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0045] Comparative Example 3

[0046] Fungicide suspension without essential oils of plant origin

[0047] Jinggangmycin 10%, azadirachtin 20%, sodium lignin sulfonate 2%, silicone defoamer 1%, polyethylene glycol 3%, and the balance is water.

[0048] The preparation method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0049] Experimental Example 1 Determination of in vitro antibacterial activity of fungicides containing different mass ratios of jinggangmycin and neem terpene lactone (Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-2) against Rhizoctonia solani

[0050] Rhizoctonia solani was provided by Zhejiang University and purchased from ATCC.

[0051] Test method: Refer to NY / T 1156.2-2006 "Guidelines for Indoor Bioassay Tests of Pesticides - Fungicides Part 2: Plate Method for Inhibition of Pathogenic Fungal Mycelial Growth".

[0052] (1) The original drug is first dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide and then diluted into a single-dose stock solution; multiple groups of ratios are set, and each single-dose stock solution and the ratio mixture are set at a certain ratio, and each ratio is set with 5 mass concentration gradients.

[0053] (2) Mix different concentrations of the agent with the PDA medium, pour the plates to prepare plates containing different concentrations of the medium, use a 7 mm diameter puncher to cut the cultured Rhizoctonia solani, the pathogen of rice sheath blight, and inoculate it on the PDA plates containing the agent in series of concentrations; use the corresponding dimethyl sulfoxide as the control, and set up a blank control. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, and all treatments were cultured in a constant temperature incubator at 28°C.

[0054] (3) Record results and calculations: When the diameter of the blank control colony grows to about 2 / 3 of the diameter of the culture dish, measure the colony diameter using the cross method and calculate the inhibition rate of mycelial growth under different treatments. Convert the mycelial growth inhibition rate into a probability value (y), convert the drug concentration (mg / L) into a logarithmic value with a base of 10, and use DPS software to calculate the toxicity regression equation of each test drug, the effective inhibition concentration (EC50) and the correlation coefficient, and calculate the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC value) of the mixture according to the Sun Yunpei method.

[0055] Mycelium growth inhibition rate = [(control colony diameter - cake diameter) - (treated colony diameter - cake diameter)] / (control colony diameter - cake diameter) × 100%; Measured toxicity index (ATI) = (EC50 of standard agent ÷ EC50 of test agent) × 100; Theoretical toxicity index (TTI) = toxicity index of agent A × percentage of A in the mixture + toxicity index of agent B × percentage of B in the mixture; Co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) = [actual toxicity index of the mixture (ATI) ÷ theoretical toxicity index of the mixture (TTI)] × 100.

[0056] According to the classification standard of joint action: the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) ≥ 120 shows synergistic effect; the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) ≤ 80 shows antagonistic effect; 80 < co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) < 120 shows additive effect. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0057] Table 1 Indoor bioactivity of fungicides with different mass ratios of jinggangmycin and neem lactone against Rhizoctonia solani

[0058]

[0059] As can be seen from Table 1, the EC of Jinggangmycin and neem terpene lactone against Rhizoctonia solani of rice sheath blight 50 They were 28.37 mg / L and 69.15 mg / L respectively. When the mass ratio of jinggangmycin to azadirachtin was 1:(0.5~3), the co-toxicity coefficient was greater than 120, showing a synergistic effect.

[0060] Experimental Example 2 Field trial to control rice sheath blight, rice blast and bacterial leaf blight

[0061] Field tests were conducted using the fungicide suspension containing 10% of Jinggangmycin and 20% of neem lactone in Example 2, the wettable powder in Example 4, and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 as examples to test their control effects on rice sheath blight, rice blast, and bacterial leaf blight. The test was conducted at the rice test base in Fuyang District, Zhejiang Province. The test varieties were hybrid rice varieties. Each treatment was repeated 4 times, each repeated area was 4 square meters, and 5 points were investigated in the double diagonal lines of each plot. All leaves of all rice plants in each point were investigated, and the occurrence of diseases was counted.

[0062] The severity of the disease is recorded using a grading method, and the grading standards are as follows: Level 0: no disease; Level 1: The area of ​​lesions is less than 5% of the entire leaf area; Level 3: The area of ​​lesions accounts for less than 6% to 10% of the entire leaf area; Level 5: The area of ​​lesions accounts for less than 11% to 20% of the entire leaf area; Level 7: The area of ​​lesions accounts for less than 21% to 50% of the entire leaf area; Level 9: The area of ​​lesions accounts for more than 50% of the entire leaf area.

[0063] Calculation method of protection effect Diseased leaf rate (%) = number of diseased leaves / total number of leaves surveyed × 100% Disease index = ∑ (number of diseased leaves at each level × relative level value) / (total number of leaves investigated × 9) × 100 Control effect (%) = 〔1-(blank control area before drug disease index × treatment area after drug disease index) / (blank control area The disease index of the treated area after medication × the disease index of the treated area before medication) × 100%.

[0064] The investigation results of the prevention efficacy 7 days after the first and second applications of the medicine were statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in Tables 2 to 4. Then, the disease index was measured 7 days, 14 days, and 30 days after the second application of fungicides to control rice sheath blight, and the efficacy was calculated. The results are shown in Table 5.

[0065] Table 2 Statistical table of field efficacy test results of fungicides for controlling rice sheath blight in Example 2

[0066]

[0067] It can be seen from Table 2 that the fungicide prepared by using jinggangmycin and neem lactone in a ratio of 1:2 has a significantly higher control effect on rice sheath blight than the single agent of jinggangmycin and neem lactone, and the two have a synergistic effect in controlling rice sheath blight; the fungicide not containing plant essential oil (Comparative Example 3) can only reach the theoretical value of Example 2, which shows that plant essential oil is a good synergist and has a promoting effect on the composite composition of jinggangmycin and neem lactone.

[0068] Table 3 Statistical table of field efficacy test results of fungicides in Example 2 for controlling rice blast

[0069]

[0070] As can be seen from Table 3, the fungicide prepared with jinggangmycin and azadirachtin lactone in a ratio of 1:2 has a significantly higher control effect on rice blast than the single agent of jinggangmycin and azadirachtin lactone, and the two have a synergistic effect in controlling rice blast; the fungicide not containing plant essential oil (Comparative Example 3) has a lower control effect than Example 2, which also proves that plant essential oil is a good synergist and has a promoting effect on the composite composition of jinggangmycin and azadirachtin lactone.

[0071] Table 4 Statistical table of field efficacy test results of fungicides for controlling rice bacterial blight in Example 4

[0072]

[0073] As can be seen from Table 4, the fungicide prepared with jinggangmycin and azadirachtin in a ratio of 1:2 has a significantly higher control effect on rice bacterial blight than the single agent of jinggangmycin and azadirachtin, and the two have a synergistic effect in controlling rice bacterial blight; the fungicide not containing plant essential oil (Comparative Example 3) also has a good control effect, but not as good as the control effect of Example 4. The wettable powder fungicide also has a good control effect on rice, and the plant essential oil has a good synergistic effect on the composite composition of jinggangmycin and azadirachtin.

[0074] Table 5 Comparison of the effects of controlling rice sheath blight

[0075]

[0076] It can be seen from Table 5 that the fungicidal composition provided by the present invention can greatly improve the efficacy. According to the record in Example 2, when the mass ratio of the validamycin to the azadirachtin is 1:2, the 7-day prevention effect on rice sheath blight is 93.74%, the 14-day prevention effect is 90.05%, and the 30-day prevention effect is 86.94%, with high prevention effect and long lasting effect.

[0077] The above embodiments are preferred implementation modes of the present invention, but the implementation modes of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fungicide containing jinggangmycin and neem terpene lactone, characterized in that: The invention is composed of the following components by mass percentage: 15-50% of a fungicide composition, 1-3% of a plant essential oil, and the remainder being a carrier; the fungicide composition is composed of validamycin and azadirachtin lactone, and the mass ratio of validamycin to azadirachtin lactone is 1:(1-2); the fungicide is used for preventing and controlling rice sheath blight, rice blast and bacterial leaf blight.

2. A fungicide containing validamycin and azadirachtin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant-derived essential oil includes one or more of tea tree essential oil, lavender essential oil, lemongrass essential oil or rosemary essential oil.

3. A fungicide containing validamycin and azadirachtin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carrier includes one or more of polyglycolic acid, lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer, polyhydroxybutyric acid, polylactide, polycaprolactone, polyorthoester or polyalkyl cyanoacrylate.

4. A fungicide containing validamycin and azadirachtin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bactericide is composed of the following components by mass percentage: 30-40% of the bactericidal composition, 2% of the plant essential oil, and the remainder being a carrier and / or an auxiliary material.

5. A fungicide containing validamycin and azadirachtin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fungicide is a wettable powder, a suspension, a microemulsion or a water-dispersible granule.

6. A fungicide containing validamycin and azadirachtin according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the fungicide is a suspension concentrate or a wettable powder, the particle size is ≤3 microns.

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