Coal gangue-based soil conditioner and preparation circulating grinding device thereof

Abstract

The application provides a coal gangue-based soil conditioner and a circulating grinding device for preparing the same, and relates to the technical field of soil conditioner preparation.The technical scheme of the application is as follows: a coal gangue-based soil conditioner is prepared by using raw materials in percentage;the coal gangue powder is 60-80%, the organic material is 10-20%, the gypsum powder is 5-10%, the biochar is 5-10%, and the trace element fertilizer is 3-8%;the best configuration is that the coal gangue powder is 75%, the organic material is 10%, the gypsum powder is 7%, the biochar is 5%, and the trace element fertilizer is 3%.The application provides the soil conditioner with the coal gangue powder as the main component, so that the coal gangue powder accounts for a large proportion in the conditioner;the coal gangue is an industrial waste, is widely available and is low in cost;the coal gangue powder is added into the soil conditioner, so that the porosity of the soil can be significantly increased, and the air permeability and water permeability of the soil can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil conditioner preparation technology, and in particular to a coal gangue-based soil conditioner and a circulating grinding device for its preparation. Background Technology

[0002] Soil conditioners are substances used to improve the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil. Their purpose is to improve soil quality, promote plant growth, and increase crop yield and quality. They can solve a variety of soil problems, such as pH imbalance, nutrient deficiency, poor structure, salinization, and heavy metal pollution.

[0003] Existing soil conditioners mainly consist of organic materials, lime, biochar, etc., but when used on a large scale:

[0004] 1. Organic materials are more expensive and release nutrients more slowly, making it impossible to meet the needs of crops in a timely manner;

[0005] 2. Excessive use of lime can lead to the deterioration of soil structure;

[0006] 3. Excessive use of biochar can lead to excessive water retention in the soil, affecting soil aeration and consequently impacting the respiration and growth of root crops. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problems mentioned in the background section, the present invention provides a soil conditioner based on coal gangue and a circulating grinding device for its preparation.

[0008] The technical solution of this invention is: a soil conditioner based on coal gangue, wherein the raw materials are formulated in percentages as follows:

[0009] Coal gangue powder 60-80%, organic materials 10-20%, gypsum powder 5-10%, biochar 5-10%, trace element fertilizer 3-8%;

[0010] Its optimal composition is: 75% coal gangue powder, 10% organic materials, 7% gypsum powder, 5% biochar, and 3% trace element fertilizer.

[0011] Furthermore, the organic materials include: plant residues, compost, chicken manure, peat, and green manure.

[0012] Furthermore, the micronutrient fertilizers are: zinc sulfate and ferric sulfate.

[0013] A circulating grinding device for preparing a coal gangue-based soil conditioner, comprising:

[0014] A base frame, wherein an air guide shell is fixedly connected to the base frame, the air guide shell is fixedly connected to and communicates with a first fixed shell, the first fixed shell is fixedly connected to and communicates with a second fixed shell, and the first fixed shell is located between the second fixed shell and the air guide shell;

[0015] The analyzer, fixedly attached to the second fixed housing, is characterized in that:

[0016] A support plate is fixedly connected to the air guide shell, the air guide shell is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft, the base frame is provided with a drive motor that is pulsatorically connected to the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to several rotating parts;

[0017] Several fixed rods are spaced apart and are all disposed inside the first fixed shell. The fixed rods are rotatably connected to arc-shaped plates located inside the first fixed shell and distributed in a straight line.

[0018] The grinding assembly, disposed within the first fixed housing, is used to grind coal gangue.

[0019] Furthermore, the first fixed shell is provided with a first support member that is the same number as the fixed rod and is distributed at intervals. The side of the first support member away from the adjacent fixed rod is pressed and engaged with the adjacent arc plate, and the side of the first support member close to the adjacent fixed rod is in contact with the adjacent arc plate.

[0020] Furthermore, a second support member is fixedly connected inside the first fixed shell, the same number as the fixed rods and distributed at intervals. The second support member is in contact with the adjacent first support member and is press-fitted with the adjacent arc-shaped plate that is distributed in a straight line.

[0021] Furthermore, the grinding assembly includes:

[0022] A fixed base is attached to the side of the rotating shaft located inside the first fixed housing;

[0023] Several first connecting frames are spaced apart and are all disposed on the fixed base;

[0024] The number of connectors is the same as that of the first connecting brackets, and they are respectively disposed on the side of the adjacent first connecting brackets away from the fixed base;

[0025] Rotary rings, in the same number as the connecting parts, are fixedly connected to adjacent connecting parts. Each rotating ring is fixedly connected to a rotating shell, and a fixing ring is provided on the outer side of the rotating shell.

[0026] The control components, which are the same number as the fixed rods and are spaced apart, are disposed inside the first fixed shell and are used to control the swinging of the adjacent linearly distributed arc plates.

[0027] Furthermore, the control component includes:

[0028] The swing shells, which are the same number as the arc-shaped plates on the same fixed rod and are distributed in a straight line, are all rotatably connected to the first fixed shell. The first fixed shell is provided with limiting grooves that are the same number as the swing shells, and the swing shells are located in adjacent limiting grooves.

[0029] The number of sliding members is the same as that of the swing shells, and they are slidably connected to the adjacent swing shells respectively. The side of the sliding member away from the adjacent swing shell is rotatably engaged with the adjacent arc plate. A spring is provided between the swing shell and the adjacent sliding member.

[0030] A liquid guide tube is fixedly connected to the first fixed shell, and the liquid guide tube is connected to the linearly distributed swing shells;

[0031] A cooling component, disposed within the first fixed housing, is used to reduce the temperature of all the rotating housings.

[0032] Furthermore, the cooling component includes:

[0033] An air supply housing is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating shaft located inside the first fixed housing, and an air chamber communicating with the air supply housing is provided inside the rotating shaft.

[0034] The number of air guide tubes is the same as that of the rotating shells, and they are all fixed to the air supply shell. The air guide tubes are sealed and rotate in communication with the adjacent rotating shells. A rotating component that rotates in cooperation with the adjacent air guide tubes is fixed inside the rotating shell. The rotating shell is provided with a number of air holes, which are used to connect the rotating shell and the adjacent rotating ring.

[0035] A limiting component, disposed within the first fixed housing, is used to limit the rotation of all the rotating housings.

[0036] Furthermore, the limiting component includes:

[0037] Several sliding plates are spaced apart and slidably connected to adjacent rotating parts. Several fixed blocks are fixed to each sliding plate. Each rotating part is slidably connected to spaced extrusion blocks. The number of extrusion blocks is the same as that of the fixed blocks. Each extrusion block is in extrusion engagement with the adjacent fixed block. A tension spring is fixed between each extrusion block and the adjacent sliding plate. Each extrusion block is in friction engagement with the adjacent air guide.

[0038] A rotating frame, the same number as the rotating shell, is slidably connected to the rotating shell. A connecting member is fixedly connected to a slide cylinder that passes through the adjacent rotating frame and is rotatably engaged with it. A one-way valve is provided inside the slide cylinder. All the slide cylinders are fixedly connected to a second connecting frame. A driving member is provided inside the first fixed shell. The telescopic end of the driving member is rotatably connected to the second connecting frame.

[0039] The present invention has the following advantages: The present invention proposes a soil conditioner with coal gangue powder as the main component, so that coal gangue powder accounts for the majority of the conditioner. As an industrial waste, coal gangue is widely available and inexpensive. Adding coal gangue powder to the soil conditioner can significantly increase the porosity of the soil, improve the aeration and permeability of the soil, thereby accelerating the soil improvement process without causing additional environmental pollution.

[0040] This invention changes the distribution of the grinding ring, dividing the existing integral grinding ring into multiple arc-shaped plates and separating the grinding area. This design allows the grinding roller to grind coal gangue of different particle sizes at the same time, making the grinding method more flexible, shortening the grinding time, and ensuring the uniformity of coal gangue grinding at the same time.

[0041] This invention allows for flexible changes in the grinding method when processing coal gangue of different particle sizes. When processing large-sized coal gangue, it gradually compresses the large-sized coal gangue, allowing its particle size to gradually decrease, thereby achieving a stable grinding effect. This prevents large-sized coal gangue from being squeezed out of the grinding area when it first contacts the grinding roller, thus prolonging the grinding time. When processing small-sized coal gangue, it is processed by rubbing and grinding, so that the coal gangue is subjected to multi-directional shearing and compressive forces during the grinding process, thereby being crushed more evenly. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the first fixing shell of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a top sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the first fixing shell of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first support member of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the arc-shaped plate of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the swing shell of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the rotating shaft of the present invention:

[0050] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the connector of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the rotating component of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixing block and the pressing block of the present invention.

[0053] Wherein: 101-base frame, 102-air guide shell, 103-first fixed shell, 104-second fixed shell, 105-analyzer, 106-bearing plate, 107-rotating shaft, 108-rotating component, 109-fixed rod, 1091-arc plate, 1092-first support component, 1093-second support component, 201-fixed seat, 202-first connecting frame, 203-connecting component, 204-rotating ring, 205-rotating shell, 206-fixed ring, 301-swinging shell, 302-limiting groove, 303-sliding component, 304-liquid guide tube, 401-air supply shell, 402-air guide tube, 403-rotating component, 501-sliding plate, 502-fixed block, 503-squeezing block, 504-rotating frame, 505-sliding cylinder, 506-second connecting frame, 507-driving component. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The technical solution will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that the terms "up," "down," and "right" used in this document refer only to the position of the structure shown in the corresponding drawings. The serial numbers assigned to components in this document, such as "first," "second," etc., are only used to distinguish the described objects and have no sequential or technical meaning. Furthermore, the term "connection" in this application, unless otherwise specified, includes both direct and indirect connections (linkages).

[0055] To address the problems of high cost and slow nutrient release of organic materials in existing soil conditioners, as well as the deterioration of soil structure due to excessive use of lime and the excessive water retention and reduced soil permeability caused by biochar, this invention proposes a method that uses coal gangue powder as the main component of a soil conditioner. This method ensures that coal gangue powder constitutes the majority of the soil conditioner. Furthermore, coal gangue is an industrial waste that is widely available and inexpensive. Adding coal gangue powder to the soil conditioner can increase soil porosity, improve soil aeration and permeability, accelerate soil improvement, and prevent additional pollution.

[0056] A soil conditioner based on coal gangue, the raw materials are formulated in percentages:

[0057] The optimal composition is: 60-80% coal gangue powder, 10-20% organic materials, 5-10% gypsum powder, 5-10% biochar, and 3-8% micronutrient fertilizer. The organic materials include plant residues, compost, chicken manure, peat, and green manure. The micronutrient fertilizers are zinc sulfate and ferric sulfate.

[0058] In the above scheme, gypsum powder is used to improve soil structure;

[0059] Biochar is a residue from wood and crops, used to improve the soil's water and fertilizer retention capacity and adsorb heavy metals to reduce harm to plants and the environment.

[0060] Biochar can increase soil porosity, improve soil aeration and permeability, thereby improving soil structure;

[0061] Micronutrient fertilizers are used to provide plants with the micronutrients they need.

[0062] Before being added to soil conditioners, coal gangue is often processed through crushing and grinding. The existing equipment for grinding coal gangue is usually a Raymond mill, which mainly consists of a main unit, an analyzer, an air supply shell, a grinding device, and a transfer device.

[0063] When grinding coal gangue, the grinding device grinds the coal gangue into finer powder. This powder is then transported to the analyzer through the air supply device. Powder that meets the required particle size is discharged by the analyzer, while powder that does not meet the required particle size is reintroduced into the main unit for further grinding.

[0064] When the coal gangue has different particle sizes, the grinding device only contacts the largest coal gangue at any given time, while the smaller coal gangue will be squeezed to the side or have difficulty contacting the grinding surface. As a result, the amount of coal gangue processed at any given time is small, which will reduce the grinding efficiency of the grinding device.

[0065] This invention modifies the distribution of the grinding ring, dividing it from a single integral piece into multiple arc-shaped plates and further dividing the grinding area. This allows the grinding rollers to grind coal gangue of different particle sizes simultaneously, making the grinding method more flexible and distributing coal gangue of different particle sizes to different grinding areas. This shortens the grinding time while ensuring the uniformity of grinding the coal gangue at the same time.

[0066] A circulating grinding device for preparing a soil conditioner based on coal gangue, such as... Figures 1-5 As shown, it includes: a base frame 101, to which an air guide shell 102 is fixedly connected, and to which a first fixed shell 103 is fixedly connected and communicates, and to which a second fixed shell 104 is fixedly connected and communicates, with the first fixed shell 103 located between the second fixed shell 104 and the air guide shell 102; an analyzer 105 fixedly connected inside the second fixed shell 104; a support plate 106 fixedly connected inside the air guide shell 102; a rotating shaft 107 rotatably connected to the air guide shell 102; a drive motor connected to the rotating shaft 107 on the base frame 101; a plurality of rotating parts 108 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 107; a plurality of fixed rods 109 spaced apart and all located inside the first fixed shell 103; and an arc-shaped plate 1091 located inside the first fixed shell 103 and arranged in a straight line, rotatably connected to the fixed rods 109; and a grinding assembly located inside the first fixed shell 103 for grinding coal gangue.

[0067] In the above scheme, the analyzer 105, also known as a classifier or powder separator, is used to separate fine powder that meets the requirements, thereby reducing the possibility of over-grinding. In practical applications, the bearing plate 106 can be configured to bulge upward in the middle to guide the coal gangue in the middle of the bearing plate 106 to the surrounding areas. The rotating component 108 consists of an arc-shaped shovel and a connecting column that are fixed to each other. As the arc-shaped shovel rotates with the rotating shaft 107, it shovels up the coal gangue on the upper side of the bearing plate 106 and transfers it upward, so that the coal gangue can be re-grinded to achieve cyclic grinding of the coal gangue. In practical applications, elastic pins can be added to the upper and lower sides of the fixing rod 109 to facilitate the installation of the fixing rod 109. There are three linearly distributed arc-shaped plates 1091 in this invention. In this invention, there are four fixing rods 109 that are evenly distributed. There are also four rotating components 108 that are evenly distributed. The arc-shaped plates 1091 are made of alloy material (wear-resistant and high strength).

[0068] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the first fixed shell 103 is provided with first support members 1092, which are the same number as the fixed rods 109 and are distributed at intervals. The side of the first support member 1092 away from the adjacent fixed rod 109 is pressed and engaged with the adjacent arc plate 1091. The side of the first support member 1092 close to the adjacent fixed rod 109 is attached to the adjacent arc plate 1091. The first fixed shell 103 is fixed with second support members 1093, which are the same number as the fixed rods 109 and are distributed at intervals. The second support member 1093 is attached to the adjacent first support member 1092 and is pressed and engaged with the adjacent arc plate 1091 that is distributed in a straight line.

[0069] In the above scheme, there are four first support members 1092, which are evenly distributed. The side of the first support member 1092 away from the adjacent fixed rod 109 is made of hard silicone. When the arc plate 1091 swings, it squeezes the adjacent first support member 1092, causing the first support member 1092 to deform, thereby adapting to the swing of the adjacent arc plate 1091. In practical applications, support blocks can be added between the arc plate 1091 and the first fixed shell 103. The support blocks are used to limit the swing angle of the adjacent arc plate 1091.

[0070] like Figures 3-5 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the grinding assembly includes: a fixed base 201, fixed to one side of the rotating shaft 107 located inside the first fixed housing 103; a plurality of first connecting frames 202, spaced apart and all disposed on the fixed base 201; connecting members 203, the same number as the first connecting frames 202, respectively disposed on the side of adjacent first connecting frames 202 away from the fixed base 201; rotating rings 204, the same number as the connecting members 203, respectively fixed to adjacent connecting members 203, rotating rings 204 are fixed to rotating housings 205, and fixed rings 206 are disposed on the outer side of rotating housings 205; and a control assembly, the same number as the fixed rods 109 and spaced apart, disposed inside the first fixed housing 103, used to control the swinging of adjacent linearly distributed arc plates 1091.

[0071] In the above scheme, the fixing base 201 consists of two fixing plates, which are connected by bolts. In this invention, the first connecting frame 202 consists of four equally spaced first connecting frames. Taking the right first connecting frame 202 as an example, one of the rotating parts 108 is located on the front side of the right first connecting frame 202. It is used to guide the coal gangue to the fixing ring 206 and the adjacent arc plate 1091. The fixing ring 206 is made of alloy material. The fixing ring 206 and the adjacent rotating shell 205 are detachably connected. The rotating shell 205 is welded from two semi-circular shells. The connecting part 203, the rotating ring 204 and the rotating shell 205 are all made of heat-conducting materials.

[0072] like Figures 6-8 As shown, the control assembly includes: swing shells 301, which are the same number as the arc plates 1091 on the same fixed rod 109 and are arranged in a straight line, all rotatably connected to the first fixed shell 103. The first fixed shell 103 is provided with limiting grooves 302, which are the same number as the swing shells 301, and the swing shells 301 are located in adjacent limiting grooves 302; sliding members 303, which are the same number as the swing shells 301 and are arranged in a straight line, and are slidably connected to adjacent swing shells 301. The side of the sliding member 303 away from the adjacent swing shell 301 is rotatably engaged with the adjacent arc plate 1091, and a spring is provided between the swing shell 301 and the adjacent sliding member 303; liquid guide tubes 304, which are fixed to the first fixed shell 103 and are connected to all the linearly distributed swing shells 301; and a cooling assembly, which is provided in the first fixed shell 103 and is used to reduce the temperature of all the rotating shells 205.

[0073] In the above scheme, the swing shell 301 is provided with two inclined surfaces on the side away from the axis of the first fixed shell 103. When the center of the arc plate 1091 is not offset from the center of the first fixed shell 103, taking the left swing shell 301 as an example, the inclined surface of the front left side of the swing shell 301 is in contact with the adjacent limiting groove 302. Conversely, when the center of the arc plate 1091 is offset from the center of the first fixed shell 103 to the maximum angle, the inclined surface of the rear left side of the swing shell 301 is in contact with the adjacent limiting groove 302, and this is the maximum swing angle of the arc plate 1091. The liquid guide pipe 304 is connected to the pressure control equipment (such as a gear pump) in actual application. The air guide shell 102 is provided with a sliding groove to facilitate the movement of the liquid guide pipe 304.

[0074] like Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the cooling assembly includes: an air supply shell 401, fixed to one side of the rotating shaft 107 located inside the first fixed shell 103, with an air chamber communicating with the air supply shell 401 inside the rotating shaft 107; air guide tubes 402, the same number as the rotating shells 205, all fixed to the air supply shell 401, the air guide tubes 402 and the adjacent rotating shells 205 are sealed and rotated and communicate with each other, the rotating shells 205 are fixed with rotating parts 403 that rotate with the adjacent air guide tubes 402, the rotating shells 205 are provided with a number of air holes, the number of air holes on the rotating shells 205 are used to communicate with the rotating shells 205 and the adjacent rotating rings 204; and a limiting assembly, located inside the first fixed shell 103, used to limit the rotation of all rotating shells 205.

[0075] In the above scheme, the air supply shell 401 is composed of bolt seats and four equally spaced connecting plates. The four equally spaced connecting plates are all fixed to the bolt seats. The air guide tube 402 is located on the side of the connecting plate on the air supply shell 401 away from the bolt seats. In this invention, the rotating component 403 is composed of a fixed cylinder and two rectangular plates arranged in a ring array. The two rectangular plates arranged in a ring array are fixed to the outside of the fixed cylinder. The inner side of the fixed cylinder ring is sealed and rotated with the adjacent air guide tube 402. In practical applications, the number of rectangular plates can be added according to the work requirements.

[0076] like Figure 3 and Figures 7-11 As shown, the limiting assembly includes: several sliding plates 501, spaced apart, slidably connected to adjacent rotating members 403; several fixed blocks 502 fixed to the sliding plates 501; spaced pressing blocks 503 slidably connected to the rotating members 403; the number of pressing blocks 503 is the same as that of fixed blocks 502; the pressing blocks 503 press against adjacent fixed blocks 502; a tension spring is fixed between the pressing blocks 503 and adjacent sliding plates 501; and the pressing blocks 503 rub against adjacent air guide ducts 402; rotating frames 504, the same number as rotating shells 205, slidably connected to rotating shells 205; a connecting member 203 fixedly connected to a sliding cylinder 505 that passes through and rotates with the adjacent rotating frame 504; a one-way valve is provided inside the sliding cylinder 505; a second connecting frame 506 is fixedly connected to all sliding cylinders 505; a driving member 507 is provided inside the first fixed shell 103; and the telescopic end of the driving member 507 is rotatably connected to the second connecting frame 506.

[0077] In the above scheme, there are two sliding plates 501 in each rotating member 403 in this invention. The two sliding plates 501 are slidably connected in the adjacent rotating member 403. The side of the extrusion block 503 away from the adjacent air guide 402 is provided with an inclined surface. The upper side of the fixing block 502 is provided with an inclined surface. The inclined surface on the fixing block 502 is pressed and engaged with the inclined surface on the adjacent extrusion block 503. The extrusion block 503 is made of deformable material. The side of the extrusion block 503 close to the adjacent air guide 402 is deformable to increase the friction area between the extrusion block 503 and the adjacent air guide 402. The driving member 507 consists of an electric push rod and a protective shell. The electric push rod is located in the protective shell. The telescopic part of the electric push rod is rotatably engaged with the upper side of the second connecting frame 506.

[0078] Before grinding the coal gangue, the workers first connect the air inlet of the external air intake device to the front side of the air guide shell 102 and the air chamber inside the rotating shaft 107, then connect the external exhaust device to the upper side of the second fixed shell 104, and finally start the two electrical devices mentioned above.

[0079] After the external air intake device is started, gas is introduced into the air chambers inside the air intake housing 102 and the rotating shaft 107, so that the gas enters the first fixed housing 103 and the second fixed housing 104 through the air intake housing 102. The gas in the second fixed housing 104 is then extracted by the external exhaust device to realize the circulation of gas in the first fixed housing 103. The gas in the air chamber inside the rotating shaft 107 enters all the air ducts 402 through the air supply housing 401. The air ducts 402 guide the gas to the adjacent rotating housing 205, and discharge it into the adjacent rotating ring 204 through the air holes on the rotating housing 205. Finally, the pressure control port of the pressure control device is connected to all the liquid guide pipes 304.

[0080] After the gas flows through the first fixed shell 103, the staff starts the analyzer 105 and the drive motor. The drive motor drives the rotating shaft 107 to rotate through the pulley belt. The rotating shaft 107 drives all the rotating parts 108, the air supply shell 401, the fixed seat 201 and their auxiliary parts to rotate in the first fixed shell 103 (clockwise when viewed from top to bottom). This completes the preparatory actions before grinding the coal gangue.

[0081] After completing the preparatory actions for grinding the coal gangue, the workers pour the coal gangue into the first fixed shell 103 through the feed port on the right side of the first fixed shell 103. When all the fixed rings 206 rotate with the fixed seat 201 to contact the arc-shaped plates 1091 located on the right rear side and arranged in a straight line (only the right rear side is used as an example), the coal gangue falling downwards is ground. The extrusion process is as follows: the fixed rings 206 extrude the coal gangue between the adjacent arc-shaped plates 1091 arranged in a straight line, thus generating friction. This causes the fixed rings 206 to drive the adjacent rotating shell 205 to rotate, and together with the arc-shaped plates 1091 arranged in a straight line on the right rear side, the coal gangue is ground by rolling, reducing the particle size of the coal gangue.

[0082] At the same time, when coal gangue of different particle sizes is squeezed by adjacent fixed rings 206, the larger and harder coal gangue drives the adjacent arc plate 1091 to rotate outward (at this time, the hardness of the larger and harder coal gangue is greater than the supporting force provided by the adjacent spring of the sliding member 303, so that the arc plate 1091 squeezes the adjacent sliding member 303, the first support member 1092 and the second support member 1093 during the rotation, the first support member 1092 and the second support member 1093 deform, and the sliding member 303 squeezes the adjacent spring and causes the adjacent swing shell 301 to rotate along the adjacent limiting groove 302 during the movement), so that the linearly distributed arc plates 1091 are staggered, and the larger and harder coal gangue gradually moves along the adjacent arc plates 1091.

[0083] As the large-diameter and hard coal gangue moves along the adjacent arc-shaped plates 1091, it is squeezed by the adjacent fixed rings 206, gradually reducing the particle size of the large-diameter and hard coal gangue, thus achieving special treatment of the large-diameter and hard coal gangue. The small-diameter coal gangue is easily ground by the fixed rings 206 and the adjacent arc-shaped plates 1091.

[0084] When the arc plate 1091 swings to the point where the adjacent swing shell 301 contacts the other side of the adjacent limiting groove 302, the swing shell 301 stops rotating, so that the arc plate 1091 no longer swings. This is the maximum swing limit of the arc plate 1091, and at this time there will be no gap between the offset positions of the adjacent arc plates 1091.

[0085] After the large-diameter and hard coal gangue is ground, the spring adjacent to the sliding member 303 drives the adjacent arc plate 1091 to return to its original rotation, causing the sliding member 303 and the adjacent swing shell 301 to return to their original rotation. Figure 6 The state in.

[0086] After the coal gangue is ground into powder, the airflow in the first fixed shell 103 sends the coal gangue powder into the analyzer 105. Coal gangue powder with the required particle size is discharged from the analyzer 105, while coal gangue powder with a larger particle size falls back down.

[0087] The ground or unground coal gangue eventually falls onto the upper side of the bearing plate 106. As all the rotating parts 108 rotate along with the rotating shaft 107, they scoop up the coal gangue and send it back into the grinding area (the grinding area is between the fixed ring 206 and the adjacent arc plate 1091), so that the coal gangue is ground again, thereby realizing the cyclic grinding of the coal gangue.

[0088] During the grinding of coal gangue, the fixed ring 206 comes into contact with the coal gangue, causing the fixed ring 206 to drive the adjacent rotating shell 205, rotating component 403 and rotating ring 204 to rotate along the slide 505 and air guide 402. During the rotation of the rotating shell 205, the air inside it circulates, thereby cooling the rotating shell 205. The rotating shell 205 cools the adjacent fixed ring 206, reducing the temperature of the fixed ring 206, reducing the generation of thermal stress, and improving the service life of the fixed ring 206.

[0089] After the coal gangue has been processed for a period of time, the particle size of the coal gangue in the first fixed shell 103 has become smaller. At this time, the telescopic end of the driving component 507 drives the second connecting frame 506 to move upward (the second connecting frame 506 will rotate along with all the sliding cylinders 505 during use). As the second connecting frame 506 moves upward, it drives all the sliding cylinders 505 and all the rotating frames 504 to move upward synchronously.

[0090] As the rotating frame 504 moves upward, it drives the two adjacent sliding plates 501 to move upward. The sliding plates 501 drive the three adjacent fixed blocks 502 to move upward synchronously, so that the fixed blocks 502 squeeze the adjacent squeezing blocks 503 and make the squeezing blocks 503 move closer to the adjacent air guide duct 402 (the squeezing blocks 503 stretch the adjacent tension springs during the movement).

[0091] When the extrusion block 503 is in contact with the air duct 402, friction is generated, and the fixing ring 206 and its attached parts and the adjacent connecting parts 203 immediately remain stationary, so that the fixing ring 206 no longer rotates.

[0092] After all the fixed rings 206 stop rotating, the staff injects liquid into all the liquid guide tubes 304 through an external pressurization device. The liquid guide tubes 304 transport the liquid to the adjacent swing shell 301, increasing the pressure in the swing shell 301 and keeping the adjacent sliding parts 303 stationary, thereby keeping the arc plate 1091 stationary.

[0093] As described above, all the fixed rings 206 will not rotate during the rotation of the rotating shaft 107. At that time, when the fixed rings 206 squeeze the coal gangue between the adjacent arc plate 1091, they grind the coal gangue by rubbing it, so that the coal gangue is subjected to multi-directional shearing force and extrusion, and thus is uniformly ground.

[0094] After the coal gangue grinding is completed, the workers use an external pressurization device to extract the liquid from all the liquid guide pipes 304, reducing the pressure in all the swing shells 301. Then, the telescopic end of the drive component 507 drives the second connecting frame 506 to move downwards to reset, causing all the sliding cylinders 505, rotating frames 504, and sliding plates 501 to move to... Figure 8 and Figure 9 In the state of the sliding plate 501, during the reset movement, the fixed block 502 no longer presses against the adjacent pressing block 503. The pressing block 503 resets and moves under the action of the adjacent tension spring, and no longer contacts the adjacent air guide duct 402. Finally, the staff can turn off all the electrical components mentioned above. When it is necessary to grind coal gangue again, the above operation steps can be repeated.

[0095] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circulating grinding device for preparing a soil conditioner based on coal gangue, comprising: A base frame (101) is fixedly connected to an air guide shell (102), the air guide shell (102) is fixedly connected to and connected to a first fixed shell (103), the first fixed shell (103) is fixedly connected to and connected to a second fixed shell (104), and the first fixed shell (103) is located between the second fixed shell (104) and the air guide shell (102); The analyzer (105), fixedly connected within the second fixed housing (104), is characterized in that: The support plate (106) is fixed inside the air guide shell (102). The air guide shell (102) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (107). The base frame (101) is provided with a drive motor that is pulsatorically connected to the rotating shaft (107). The rotating shaft (107) is fixedly connected to several rotating parts (108). Several fixed rods (109) are spaced apart and are all located inside the first fixed shell (103). The fixed rods (109) are rotatably connected to arc-shaped plates (1091) located inside the first fixed shell (103) and distributed in a straight line. The grinding assembly is disposed inside the first fixed shell (103) and is used to grind coal gangue; The grinding assembly includes, A fixed base (201) is fixed to one side of the rotating shaft (107) located inside the first fixed housing (103); Several first connecting frames (202) are spaced apart and are all disposed on the fixed base (201). The number of connectors (203) is the same as that of the first connecting frame (202), and they are respectively disposed on the side of the adjacent first connecting frame (202) away from the fixed base (201); The number of rotating rings (204) is the same as that of the connecting parts (203), and they are respectively fixed to the adjacent connecting parts (203). The rotating rings (204) are fixed to the rotating shells (205), and the outer side of the rotating shells (205) is provided with a fixing ring (206). The control components, which are the same number as the fixed rods (109) and are all spaced apart, are disposed in the first fixed shell (103) and are used to control the adjacent linearly distributed arc plates (1091) to swing. The control component includes, The swing shell (301) has the same number of arc plates (1091) on the same fixed rod (109) and is distributed in a straight line. Both are rotatably connected to the first fixed shell (103). The first fixed shell (103) is provided with limiting grooves (302) with the same number of swing shells (301). The swing shells (301) are located in adjacent limiting grooves (302). The number of sliding members (303) is the same as that of the swing shells (301), and they are slidably connected to the adjacent swing shells (301). The side of the sliding member (303) away from the adjacent swing shell (301) is rotatably engaged with the adjacent arc plate (1091). A spring is provided between the swing shell (301) and the adjacent sliding member (303). A liquid guide tube (304) is fixed to the first fixed shell (103), and the liquid guide tube (304) is connected to the linearly distributed swing shell (301); A cooling component is disposed inside the first fixed shell (103) for reducing the temperature of all the rotating shells (205); A limiting component, disposed within the first fixed housing (103), is used to limit the rotation of all the rotating housings (205). The limiting component includes: Several sliding plates (501) are spaced apart and slidably connected to adjacent rotating parts (403). Several fixed blocks (502) are fixed to each sliding plate (501). The rotating parts (403) are slidably connected to spaced extrusion blocks (503). The number of extrusion blocks (503) is the same as that of the fixed blocks (502). The extrusion blocks (503) are in extrusion fit with the adjacent fixed blocks (502). A tension spring is fixed between the extrusion blocks (503) and the adjacent sliding plates (501). The extrusion blocks (503) are in friction fit with the adjacent air guide tubes (402). A rotating frame (504) is slidably connected to the rotating shell (205) in the same number as the rotating shell (205). A connecting member (203) is fixedly connected to a slide cylinder (505) that passes through the adjacent rotating frame (504) and rotates with it. A one-way valve is provided inside the slide cylinder (505). A second connecting frame (506) is fixedly connected to all the slide cylinders (505). A driving member (507) is provided inside the first fixed shell (103). The telescopic end of the driving member (507) is rotatably connected to the second connecting frame (506).

2. The circulating grinding device for preparing a soil conditioner based on coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first fixed shell (103) is provided with a first support member (1092) that is the same number as the fixed rod (109) and is distributed at intervals. The side of the first support member (1092) away from the adjacent fixed rod (109) is pressed and engaged with the adjacent arc plate (1091), and the side of the first support member (1092) close to the adjacent fixed rod (109) is in contact with the adjacent arc plate (1091).

3. The circulating grinding device for preparing a soil conditioner based on coal gangue according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first fixed shell (103) is fixed with a second support member (1093) that is the same number as the fixed rod (109) and is distributed at intervals. The second support member (1093) is in contact with the adjacent first support member (1092) and is in a pressing fit with the adjacent arc plate (1091) that is distributed in a straight line.

4. The circulating grinding device for preparing a soil conditioner based on coal gangue according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cooling component includes: An air supply housing (401) is fixed to one side of the rotating shaft (107) located inside the first fixed housing (103). An air chamber communicating with the air supply housing (401) is provided inside the rotating shaft (107). The number of air guide tubes (402) is the same as that of the rotating shells (205), and they are all fixed to the air supply shells (401). The air guide tubes (402) and the adjacent rotating shells (205) are sealed, rotated and connected. The rotating shells (205) are fixed with rotating parts (403) that rotate with the adjacent air guide tubes (402). The rotating shells (205) are provided with a number of air holes. The number of air holes on the rotating shells (205) are used to connect the rotating shells (205) and the adjacent rotating rings (204).

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