Alarm gateway monitoring method for bus type alarm controller

Abstract

The invention discloses an alarm gateway monitoring method for a bus-type alarm controller, and relates to the technical field of distributed power supply optimization access, comprising the following steps: establishing bidirectional communication connection with the bus-type alarm controller through a bidirectional data bus; establishing a multi-protocol wireless communication connection with a plurality of wireless alarm nodes through a multi-protocol wireless communication module, and monitoring the communication state of the alarm gateway and the bus type alarm controller; working parameters are collected, abnormity judgment is carried out through a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm, a judgment result is output for early warning, structured alarm data are generated, the structured alarm data are sent to a bus type alarm controller through a bidirectional data bus, and alarm gateway monitoring is completed. Structured data processing and hierarchical management are adopted, a data caching and encryption mechanism is matched, timely and safe transmission of alarm information is ensured, a monitoring system with self-adaptive communication, intelligent detection and standardized data processing is constructed, and the monitoring efficiency of the alarm gateway in a complex environment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of distributed power supply optimization access, in particular to an alarm gateway monitoring method for a bus type alarm controller. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of Internet of Things technology, intelligent security systems have been widely used in industrial and civil fields. As the core component of the intelligent security system, the bus-type alarm controller occupies an important position in the security system of large-scale comprehensive places due to its advantages such as high system stability, strong anti-interference ability and low wiring cost. At present, with the advancement of wireless communication technology, alarm gateways based on various wireless communication protocols such as ZigBee, Wi-Fi, LoRa, etc. have become key equipment for connecting traditional bus-type alarm controllers with new wireless alarm nodes. This hybrid alarm system that integrates wired bus and wireless communication not only maintains the reliability of the bus system, but also greatly improves the flexibility and scalability of the system.

[0003] However, the existing alarm gateway monitoring methods have many shortcomings: first, the traditional alarm gateway only supports a single wireless communication protocol, which is difficult to meet the needs of diverse application scenarios; second, the existing monitoring methods mainly rely on simple threshold judgments, lack intelligent anomaly detection mechanisms, and are prone to false alarms or missed alarms; third, the transmission of alarm data lacks a unified structured format, which makes system integration difficult and maintenance costs high; finally, the existing technology generally ignores the reliability monitoring of the alarm gateway itself, and is unable to detect potential faults of the gateway equipment in a timely manner. These problems seriously restrict the overall performance and reliability of the intelligent security system. Especially in complex industrial environments, due to the influence of factors such as electromagnetic interference and signal attenuation, traditional monitoring methods are often unable to accurately identify the type of fault, nor can they achieve predictive maintenance, which greatly increases the difficulty and cost of system operation and maintenance. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems of the existing alarm gateway in terms of protocol compatibility, intelligent anomaly detection, data structure standardization and reliability monitoring, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is how to implement an alarm gateway monitoring method for a bus-type alarm controller that supports multi-protocol wireless communication, has intelligent anomaly detection function, adopts a standardized data structure, and can perform reliability monitoring on the alarm gateway itself.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an alarm gateway monitoring method for a bus-type alarm controller, which includes establishing a two-way communication connection with the bus-type alarm controller through a two-way data bus, wherein the two-way data bus is used for the bus-type alarm controller to power the alarm gateway and perform two-way data transmission; establishing a multi-protocol wireless communication connection through a multi-protocol wireless communication module and a plurality of wireless alarm nodes, and monitoring the communication status of the alarm gateway and the bus-type alarm controller in real time; collecting the working parameters of the wireless alarm nodes, and performing abnormal judgment on the working parameters through a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm, and outputting the judgment result; issuing an early warning based on the judgment result, generating structured alarm data, and sending the structured alarm data to the bus-type alarm controller through the two-way data bus to complete the alarm gateway monitoring.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the alarm gateway monitoring method of the bus-type alarm controller described in the present invention, wherein: the structured alarm data includes anomaly type, node ID and abnormal parameters; the abnormal judgment includes the following steps: collecting the working parameters of the wireless alarm node and preprocessing the working parameters; mapping the preprocessed feature data to the feature space of the pre-trained support vector machine SVM model to construct an optimal separation hyperplane; calculating the distance value from the sample to the optimal separation hyperplane through the support vector machine SVM algorithm, and outputting the abnormal judgment result based on a multi-level set threshold; determining the alarm level and type based on the abnormal judgment result, and dividing the alarm level into a first-level alarm, a second-level alarm and a third-level alarm; generating a data packet containing structured alarm data in a predetermined format according to the alarm level and type, and storing it in a cache area in order of priority; encapsulating the structured alarm data in the cache area into a data packet that complies with the bus communication protocol, and encrypting the data packet; transmitting the encrypted data packet to the microprocessor of the differential signal receiving circuit, wherein the microprocessor is connected to the bidirectional data bus through an asynchronous serial communication interface for bidirectional communication, and is connected to the multi-protocol wireless communication module through an SPI or I2C interface for multi-protocol wireless communication.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the alarm gateway monitoring method of the bus-type alarm controller of the present invention, the support vector machine SVM model is constructed based on the maximum margin hyperplane principle and the Gaussian kernel function; the specific formula of the support vector machine SVM model is as follows:

[0010]

[0011] Among them, f(x) is the output of the support vector machine model, which represents the classification result of the input sample x. i is the i-th training sample, Φ(x i ) is the i-th training sample x in the high-dimensional space iThe feature map, y j is the true label of the jth training sample, m is the total number of samples, σ is the standard deviation of the Gaussian function, b is the bias term used to adjust the output of the model, γ is the width parameter of the Gaussian kernel function, K(x,x i ) is the Gaussian kernel function, and the specific formula is as follows:

[0012]

[0013] When f(x)>0, the current working parameters are judged to be in an abnormal state. If the signal strength of the wireless alarm node is detected to be lower than the preset threshold, the signal sampling frequency of this node is increased, and the working state is marked as to be observed; if the battery power of the wireless alarm node is detected to be lower than the preset battery power, the power supply abnormality warning of this node is triggered, and the warning information is written into the structured alarm data; if the sensor value of the wireless alarm node is detected to have a sudden change, the fast analysis mode of the SVM algorithm is started to increase the data sampling rate; if the communication interruption of the wireless alarm node is detected to exceed the preset time, it automatically switches to the backup communication channel and tries to re-establish the connection; if the system does not receive the heartbeat signal of the node for three consecutive times, the node is marked as offline, and the node loss event is reported to the controller through the bus; if the wireless alarm node is detected to resume normal working state, the abnormal counter of this node is reset, and this abnormal state is updated to the online monitoring state.

[0014] When f(x)<0, the current working parameters are judged to be in normal state, and routine monitoring continues, and the statistical data of normal working parameters are updated; when f(x)=0, the current working parameters are judged to be in critical state, the secondary detection program is started, the sampling frequency is temporarily increased, and variance analysis is performed on the detection data to generate a critical state report.

[0015] As a preferred scheme of the alarm gateway monitoring method of the bus-type alarm controller described in the present invention, the two-way communication connection includes the following steps: connecting the alarm gateway to the two-way data bus to obtain the power supply provided by the bus-type alarm controller; initializing the communication parameters of the alarm gateway, wherein the communication parameters include the communication protocol type, data transmission rate and communication address; sending a connection request signal to the bus-type alarm controller, receiving a connection confirmation signal returned by the bus-type alarm controller, and completing the establishment of the two-way communication connection.

[0016] The multi-protocol wireless communication connection includes the following steps: configuring the working parameters of the multi-protocol wireless communication module, establishing an information database of wireless alarm nodes, wherein the working parameters include but are not limited to signal strength, battery power, sensor value, communication frequency, transmission power, working channel, wireless protocol type and communication encryption method; the information database includes node identification information, protocol type and connection status; scanning and identifying surrounding wireless alarm nodes at preset time intervals, and performing identity authentication and security verification on the wireless alarm nodes; sending instruction processing to the verified wireless alarm nodes, and establishing a wireless communication connection of the corresponding protocol.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the alarm gateway monitoring method of the bus-type alarm controller described in the present invention, wherein: the connection request signal includes receiving the differential signal transmitted by the bidirectional data bus through a differential signal receiving circuit, and converting the differential signal into a single-ended digital signal; converting the single-ended digital signal to be sent into a differential signal through a differential signal sending circuit, and sending it to the bus-type alarm controller through the bidirectional data bus.

[0018] The instruction processing includes the following steps: receiving the control instruction sent by the bus-type alarm controller through the bidirectional data bus; parsing the control instruction, extracting the node ID and operation type; and sending the corresponding operation instruction to the designated wireless alarm node through the multi-protocol wireless communication module according to the node ID and operation type.

[0019] As a preferred solution of the alarm gateway monitoring method of the bus-type alarm controller described in the present invention, wherein: the differential signal receiving circuit includes a differential amplifier, a comparator, a level converter, a microprocessor and a differential driver; the differential amplifier converts the differential signal on the bidirectional data bus into a single-ended analog signal; the comparator compares the single-ended analog signal with a preset threshold and outputs a corresponding digital level signal; the level converter converts the digital signal output by the microcontroller into the voltage level required for differential driving; the differential driver converts the converted voltage signal into a differential signal and outputs it to the bidirectional data bus.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the alarm gateway monitoring method of the bus-type alarm controller described in the present invention, the multi-protocol wireless communication module supports the simultaneous use of multiple wireless communication protocols, including but not limited to ZigBee, Wi-Fi, LoRa and Bluetooth.

[0021] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an alarm gateway monitoring system for a bus-type alarm controller, which includes: a two-way communication connection module, which is used to establish a two-way communication connection with the bus-type alarm controller through a two-way data bus, wherein the two-way data bus is used by the bus-type alarm controller to power the alarm gateway and perform two-way data transmission; a monitoring module, which is used to establish a multi-protocol wireless communication connection with a plurality of wireless alarm nodes through a multi-protocol wireless communication module, and monitor the communication status of the alarm gateway and the bus-type alarm controller in real time; an abnormality judgment module, which is used to collect the working parameters of the wireless alarm nodes, and perform abnormality judgment on the working parameters through a support vector machine SVM algorithm, and output a judgment result; a transmission module, which issues an early warning based on the judgment result, generates structured alarm data, and sends the structured alarm data to the bus-type alarm controller through the two-way data bus to complete the alarm gateway monitoring.

[0022] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the alarm gateway monitoring method of the bus-type alarm controller as described in the first aspect of the present invention are implemented.

[0023] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein: when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the alarm gateway monitoring method of the bus-type alarm controller as described in the first aspect of the present invention are implemented.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention reduces the physical connection complexity of the system and improves the anti-interference performance of data transmission by adopting a bidirectional data bus to integrate power supply and data transmission functions, and combines differential signal transmission technology; by configuring a communication module that supports multiple wireless communication protocols and establishing a secure identity authentication mechanism, compatible docking with alarm nodes of different protocols is achieved, ensuring the scalability and communication security of the system; by mapping working parameters to the feature space of the SVM model based on the Gaussian kernel function and constructing an optimal separation hyperplane, an intelligent abnormal state recognition mechanism is established to improve the accuracy of abnormality detection; by performing structured processing and hierarchical management of alarm data, and cooperating with data caching and encryption mechanisms, priority transmission and security of alarm information are achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. Among them:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the alarm gateway monitoring method of the bus-type alarm controller in Example 1.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a system structure diagram of the alarm gateway monitoring method of the bus-type alarm controller in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0030] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] Reference Figure 1-2 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, and provides an alarm gateway monitoring method for a bus-type alarm controller, comprising:

[0033] S1: Establish a bidirectional communication connection with a bus-type alarm controller via a bidirectional data bus, wherein the bidirectional data bus is used by the bus-type alarm controller to supply power to the alarm gateway and perform bidirectional data transmission.

[0034] Specifically, the two-way communication connection includes the following steps: connecting the alarm gateway to the two-way data bus and obtaining the power supply provided by the bus-type alarm controller; initializing the communication parameters of the alarm gateway, where the communication parameters include the communication protocol type, data transmission rate and communication address; sending a connection request signal to the bus-type alarm controller, receiving a connection confirmation signal returned by the bus-type alarm controller, and completing the establishment of the two-way communication connection.

[0035] Furthermore, the connection request signal includes receiving the differential signal transmitted by the bidirectional data bus through the differential signal receiving circuit, and converting the differential signal into a single-ended digital signal; converting the single-ended digital signal to be sent into a differential signal through the differential signal sending circuit, and sending it to the bus alarm controller through the bidirectional data bus.

[0036] It should be noted that the differential signal receiving circuit includes a differential amplifier, a comparator, a level converter, a microprocessor and a differential driver.

[0037] Furthermore, the differential amplifier converts the differential signal on the bidirectional data bus into a single-ended analog signal; the comparator compares the single-ended analog signal with a preset threshold and outputs a corresponding digital level signal; the level converter converts the digital signal output by the microcontroller into the voltage level required for differential driving; the differential driver converts the converted voltage signal into a differential signal and outputs it to the bidirectional data bus.

[0038] It should be noted that when the single-ended analog signal is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the high-level signal "1" indicates a valid signal state; when the single-ended analog signal is less than the preset threshold, a low-level signal "0" is output, indicating an invalid signal state; the preset threshold is 50% of the nominal amplitude of the differential signal.

[0039] S2: Establish a multi-protocol wireless communication connection through a multi-protocol wireless communication module and several wireless alarm nodes, and monitor the communication status of the alarm gateway and the bus-type alarm controller in real time.

[0040] Specifically, the multi-protocol wireless communication connection includes the following steps: configuring the working parameters of the multi-protocol wireless communication module, establishing an information database of wireless alarm nodes, wherein the working parameters include but are not limited to signal strength, battery power, sensor value, communication frequency, transmission power, working channel, wireless protocol type, and communication encryption method; the information database includes the node's identification information, protocol type, and connection status; scanning and identifying the surrounding wireless alarm nodes at preset time intervals, and performing identity authentication and security verification on the wireless alarm nodes; sending command processing to the verified wireless alarm nodes, and establishing a wireless communication connection of the corresponding protocol.

[0041] It should be noted that the multi-protocol wireless communication module supports the simultaneous use of multiple wireless communication protocols, including but not limited to ZigBee, Wi-Fi, LoRa and Bluetooth.

[0042] Furthermore, the instruction processing includes the following steps: receiving control instructions sent by the bus-type alarm controller through a bidirectional data bus; parsing the control instructions, extracting the node ID and operation type; and sending corresponding operation instructions to the designated wireless alarm node through a multi-protocol wireless communication module based on the node ID and operation type.

[0043] S3: Collect the working parameters of the wireless alarm node, and make abnormal judgment on the working parameters through the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm, and output the judgment result.

[0044] Specifically, the abnormality judgment includes the following steps: collecting the working parameters of the wireless alarm node and preprocessing the working parameters; mapping the preprocessed feature data to the feature space of the pre-trained support vector machine SVM model to construct the optimal separation hyperplane; calculating the distance value from the sample to the optimal separation hyperplane through the support vector machine SVM algorithm, and outputting the abnormality judgment result based on the multi-level set threshold; determining the alarm level and type based on the abnormality judgment result, and dividing the alarm level into level one alarm, level two alarm and level three alarm.

[0045] It should be noted that preprocessing includes data standardization, outlier filtering, feature extraction and dimensionality reduction. Data standardization: normalize the collected working parameters and map the values ​​to the interval [0,1]; use the z-score standardization method to make the data obey the normal distribution with a mean of 0 and a variance of 1; segment the time series data into time windows to ensure the time continuity of the data; outlier filtering: use the 3σ criterion to remove abnormal data points that obviously deviate from the normal range; use the sliding median method to smooth time-varying data; use adjacent value interpolation to fill in missing data; feature extraction: calculate time domain features: mean, variance, skewness and kurtosis; extract frequency domain features: frequency distribution and energy spectrum density; analyze statistical features: trend, periodicity and correlation; dimensionality reduction: use the principal component analysis PCA method to reduce feature dimensions; retain the principal components with a cumulative contribution rate of 85%; remove redundant features to reduce computational complexity.

[0046] Furthermore, structured alarm data is generated in a predetermined format according to the alarm level and type, and stored in a cache in order of priority; the structured alarm data in the cache is encapsulated into a data packet that complies with the bus communication protocol, and the data packet is encrypted; the encrypted data packet is transmitted to the microprocessor of the differential signal receiving circuit, wherein the microprocessor establishes a bidirectional communication connection with the bidirectional data bus through an asynchronous serial communication interface, and establishes a multi-protocol wireless communication connection with the multi-protocol wireless communication module through an SPI or I2C interface.

[0047] Furthermore, the support vector machine SVM model is constructed based on the maximum margin hyperplane principle and the Gaussian kernel function; the specific formula of the support vector machine SVM model is as follows:

[0048]

[0049] Among them, f(x) is the output of the support vector machine model, which represents the classification result of the input sample x. i is the i-th training sample, Φ(x i ) is the i-th training sample x in the high-dimensional space i The feature map, y jis the true label of the jth training sample, m is the total number of samples, σ is the standard deviation of the Gaussian function, b is the bias term used to adjust the output of the model, γ is the width parameter of the Gaussian kernel function, K(x,x i ) is the Gaussian kernel function, and the specific formula is as follows:

[0050]

[0051] Specifically, when f(x)>0, the current working parameters are judged to be in an abnormal state. If the signal strength of the wireless alarm node is detected to be lower than the preset threshold, the signal sampling frequency of this node is increased, and the working state is marked as to be observed; if the battery power of the wireless alarm node is detected to be lower than the preset battery power, the abnormal power supply warning of this node is triggered, and the warning information is written into the structured alarm data; if the sensor value of the wireless alarm node is detected to have a sudden change, the fast analysis mode of the SVM algorithm is started to increase the data sampling rate; if the communication interruption of the wireless alarm node is detected to exceed the preset time, it automatically switches to the backup communication channel and tries to re-establish the connection; if the system does not receive the heartbeat signal of the node for three consecutive times, the node is marked as offline, and the node loss event is reported to the controller through the bus; if the wireless alarm node is detected to resume normal working state, the abnormal counter of this node is reset, and the abnormal state is updated to the online monitoring state;

[0052] Furthermore, when the following situations are detected, a level one alarm is triggered: when the signal strength of the wireless alarm node is lower than the preset threshold but still able to communicate, the alarm type is "abnormal signal quality"; when the battery power of the wireless alarm node is between 20% and 30%, the alarm type is "low battery warning"; when the sensor value fluctuates slightly but does not exceed the safety range, the alarm type is "parameter fluctuation warning".

[0053] It should be noted that the preset threshold is that the RSSI value is not less than -85dBm to ensure reliable wireless communication quality.

[0054] Furthermore, when the following situations are detected, a secondary alarm is triggered: when the battery power of the wireless alarm node is less than 20%, the alarm type is "severely low battery"; when the sensor value exceeds the normal range but does not reach the dangerous level, the alarm type is "parameter out of limit warning"; when the node communication interruption time exceeds the preset time but is less than the critical value, the alarm type is "communication quality abnormality".

[0055] Specifically, when the following situations are detected, a three-level alarm is triggered: when the system does not receive the node heartbeat signal for three consecutive times, the alarm type is "node offline warning"; when the sensor value reaches a dangerous level, the alarm type is "parameter danger alarm"; when the node communication interruption time exceeds the critical value, the alarm type is "communication interruption warning"; when the SVM algorithm determines that the node is in a serious abnormal state, the alarm type is "node failure warning".

[0056] Furthermore, when f(x)<0, the current working parameters are determined to be in a normal state, and routine monitoring continues, and the statistical data of normal working parameters are updated; when f(x)=0, the current working parameters are determined to be in a critical state, the secondary detection program is started, the sampling frequency is temporarily increased, and variance analysis is performed on the detection data to generate a critical state report.

[0057] S4: issuing an early warning based on the judgment result, generating structured alarm data, and sending the structured alarm data to the bus-type alarm controller through the bidirectional data bus to complete the alarm gateway monitoring.

[0058] Specifically, the structured alarm data includes anomaly type, node ID, and anomaly parameters.

[0059] Furthermore, the present embodiment also provides an alarm gateway monitoring system for a bus-type alarm controller, including: a two-way communication connection module, used to establish a two-way communication connection with the bus-type alarm controller through a two-way data bus, wherein the two-way data bus is used by the bus-type alarm controller to power the alarm gateway and perform two-way data transmission; a monitoring module, used to establish a multi-protocol wireless communication connection through a multi-protocol wireless communication module and a number of wireless alarm nodes, and monitor the communication status of the alarm gateway and the bus-type alarm controller in real time; an abnormality judgment module, used to collect the working parameters of the wireless alarm nodes, and perform abnormality judgment on the working parameters through a support vector machine SVM algorithm, and output a judgment result; a transmission module, which issues an early warning based on the judgment result, generates structured alarm data, and sends the structured alarm data to the bus-type alarm controller through the two-way data bus to complete the alarm gateway monitoring.

[0060] This embodiment also provides a computer device, which is suitable for the alarm gateway monitoring method of a bus-type alarm controller, including a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute computer-executable instructions to implement the alarm gateway monitoring method of a bus-type alarm controller proposed in the above embodiment.

[0061] The computer device may be a terminal, and the computer device includes a processor, a memory, a communication interface, a display screen and an input device connected via a system bus. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal in a wired or wireless manner, and the wireless manner can be achieved through WIFI, an operator network, NFC (near field communication) or other technologies. The display screen of the computer device may be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer device may be a touch layer covering the display screen, or a key, trackball or touchpad provided on the housing of the computer device, or an external keyboard, touchpad or mouse, etc.

[0062] This embodiment also provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented: establishing a two-way communication connection with a bus-type alarm controller through a two-way data bus, wherein the two-way data bus is used by the bus-type alarm controller to power the alarm gateway and perform two-way data transmission; establishing a multi-protocol wireless communication connection through a multi-protocol wireless communication module and a plurality of wireless alarm nodes, and monitoring the communication status of the alarm gateway and the bus-type alarm controller in real time; collecting the working parameters of the wireless alarm nodes, and performing abnormal judgment on the working parameters through a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm, and outputting the judgment result; issuing an early warning based on the judgment result, generating structured alarm data, and sending the structured alarm data to the bus-type alarm controller through the two-way data bus to complete the alarm gateway monitoring.

[0063] In summary, the present invention reduces the physical connection complexity of the system and improves the anti-interference performance of data transmission by adopting a bidirectional data bus to integrate power supply and data transmission functions, and combines differential signal transmission technology; by configuring a communication module that supports multiple wireless communication protocols and establishing a secure identity authentication mechanism, compatible docking with alarm nodes of different protocols is achieved, ensuring the scalability and communication security of the system; by mapping the working parameters to the feature space of the SVM model based on the Gaussian kernel function and constructing the optimal separation hyperplane, an intelligent abnormal state recognition mechanism is established to improve the accuracy of abnormality detection; by structured processing and hierarchical management of alarm data, and cooperating with data caching and encryption mechanisms, priority transmission and security of alarm information are achieved.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] Referring to Table 1, which is the second embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment provides an alarm gateway monitoring method for a bus-type alarm controller. In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, scientific demonstration is carried out through economic benefit calculation and simulation experiments.

[0066] Specifically, a six-month intelligent security system test was conducted in a large industrial park, which covers an area of ​​about 200,000 square meters and is divided into three production areas: A, B, and C. The experiment deployed 100 wireless alarm nodes, including 40 ZigBee nodes, 30 LoRa nodes, 20 Wi-Fi nodes, and 10 Bluetooth nodes. First, the system was initialized and configured: the alarm gateway was connected to the alarm controller through the RS-485 bus, and the power supply voltage was set to DC 24V; the communication parameters were configured, including baud rate 115200bps, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, and no parity bit; the signal was processed through the differential signal receiving circuit, in which the differential amplifier gain was set to 20dB and the comparator threshold was set to 1.65V.

[0067] Furthermore, in terms of communication protocols, ZigBee nodes operate in the 2.4GHz frequency band with a transmission power of 10dBm; LoRa nodes use the 433MHz frequency band with a spreading factor of SF=7; Wi-Fi nodes use the 2.4GHz frequency band and adopt WPA2 encryption; and Bluetooth nodes use the BLE 5.0 protocol. In order to verify the performance of the system, multiple groups of control experiments were designed to test the performance of the traditional single-protocol system and the multi-protocol system of the present invention in terms of signal quality, response time, fault detection rate, etc.

[0068] Specifically, in terms of system response time, the traditional system is 245ms, while the optimal system of the present invention can reach 92ms, an increase of 62.4%. This is mainly due to the use of differential signal processing technology and multi-protocol parallel communication mechanism, which greatly reduces signal processing delay. In terms of fault detection accuracy, the system of the present invention achieves a high accuracy of 98.5%, which is 19.1 percentage points higher than the traditional system. This is attributed to the application of support vector machine algorithm, which significantly improves the accuracy of anomaly detection through multi-dimensional feature analysis and real-time data preprocessing. At the same time, the false alarm rate was reduced from 8.6% to 1.8%, a decrease of 78.6%, proving that the system has excellent reliability.

[0069] Table 1 Experimental data table

[0070]

[0071] Furthermore, although the improvements in node online rate and signal transmission success rate seem small (7.8% and 5.9% respectively), considering that traditional systems have already reached a high level in these two indicators, such improvements are still of great significance. Especially in complex industrial environments, stable communication quality is crucial to system reliability. The system recovery time was reduced from 18.5 seconds to 6.2 seconds, an increase of 66.5%, which shows that the present invention has stronger self-healing capabilities when facing system anomalies. Finally, in terms of node battery life, through intelligent power management and multi-level early warning mechanisms, the battery life is extended from 8 months to 16 months, an increase of 98.7%, which greatly reduces the system maintenance cost.

[0072] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An alarm gateway monitoring method for a bus-type alarm controller, characterized in that: include, Establishing a bidirectional communication connection with a bus-type alarm controller via a bidirectional data bus, wherein the bidirectional data bus is used by the bus-type alarm controller to supply power to the alarm gateway and perform bidirectional data transmission; Establish multi-protocol wireless communication connection through multi-protocol wireless communication module and several wireless alarm nodes, and monitor the communication status of alarm gateway and bus alarm controller in real time; Collecting the working parameters of the wireless alarm node, and performing abnormal judgment on the working parameters through a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm, and outputting the judgment result; Based on the judgment result, an early warning is issued, structured alarm data is generated, and the structured alarm data is sent to the bus-type alarm controller through the bidirectional data bus to complete the alarm gateway monitoring.

2. The alarm gateway monitoring method of the bus-type alarm controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structured alarm data includes anomaly type, node ID and anomaly parameters; the anomaly judgment includes the following steps: Collecting the working parameters of the wireless alarm node and preprocessing the working parameters; Map the preprocessed feature data to the feature space of the pre-trained support vector machine (SVM) model to construct the optimal separation hyperplane; The distance value from the sample to the optimal separation superflat is calculated through the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm, and the abnormal judgment result is output based on the multi-level set threshold; Determine the alarm level and type based on the abnormality judgment result, and divide the alarm level into level one alarm, level two alarm and level three alarm; Generate structured alarm data in a predetermined format according to the alarm level and type, and store them in a buffer in order of priority; Encapsulating the structured alarm data in the buffer area into a data packet that complies with the bus communication protocol, and encrypting the data packet; The encrypted data packet is transmitted to the microprocessor of the differential signal receiving circuit, wherein the microprocessor is connected to the bidirectional data bus for bidirectional communication via an asynchronous serial communication interface, and is connected to the multi-protocol wireless communication module for multi-protocol wireless communication via an SPI or I2C interface.

3. The alarm gateway monitoring method of the bus-type alarm controller according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support vector machine SVM model is constructed based on the maximum margin hyperplane principle and Gaussian kernel function; the specific formula of the support vector machine SVM model is as follows: Among them, f(x) is the output of the support vector machine model, which represents the classification result of the input sample x. i is the i-th training sample, Φ(x i ) is the i-th training sample x in the high-dimensional space i The feature map, y j is the true label of the jth training sample, m is the total number of samples, σ is the standard deviation of the Gaussian function, b is the bias term used to adjust the output of the model, γ is the width parameter of the Gaussian kernel function, K(x,x i ) is the Gaussian kernel function, and the specific formula is as follows: When f(x)>0, the current working parameters are judged to be in an abnormal state. If the signal strength of the wireless alarm node is detected to be lower than the preset threshold, the signal sampling frequency of this node is increased, and the working state is marked as to be observed; if the battery power of the wireless alarm node is detected to be lower than the preset battery power, the abnormal power supply warning of this node is triggered, and the warning information is written into the structured alarm data; if the sensor value of the wireless alarm node is detected to have a sudden change, the fast analysis mode of the SVM algorithm is started to increase the data sampling rate; if the communication interruption of the wireless alarm node is detected to exceed the preset time, it automatically switches to the backup communication channel and tries to re-establish the connection; if the system does not receive the heartbeat signal of the node for three consecutive times, the node is marked as offline, and the node loss event is reported to the controller through the bus; if the wireless alarm node is detected to resume normal working state, the abnormal counter of this node is reset, and this abnormal state is updated to the online monitoring state; When f(x) < 0, the current working parameters are judged to be in normal state, and conventional monitoring is continued to update the statistical data of normal working parameters; When f(x)=0, the current working parameter is determined to be in a critical state, the secondary detection program is started, the sampling frequency is temporarily increased, and variance analysis is performed on the detection data to generate a critical state report.

4. The alarm gateway monitoring method of the bus-type alarm controller according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two-way communication connection includes the following steps: connecting the alarm gateway to the two-way data bus to obtain the power supply provided by the bus-type alarm controller; initializing the communication parameters of the alarm gateway, wherein the communication parameters include the communication protocol type, the data transmission rate and the communication address; sending a connection request signal to the bus-type alarm controller, receiving a connection confirmation signal returned by the bus-type alarm controller, and completing the establishment of the two-way communication connection; The multi-protocol wireless communication connection includes the following steps: configuring the working parameters of the multi-protocol wireless communication module, establishing an information database of wireless alarm nodes, wherein the working parameters include but are not limited to signal strength, battery power, sensor value, communication frequency, transmission power, working channel, wireless protocol type and communication encryption method; the information database includes node identification information, protocol type and connection status; scanning and identifying surrounding wireless alarm nodes at preset time intervals, and performing identity authentication and security verification on the wireless alarm nodes; sending instruction processing to the verified wireless alarm nodes, and establishing a wireless communication connection of the corresponding protocol.

5. The alarm gateway monitoring method of the bus-type alarm controller according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connection request signal includes: receiving the differential signal transmitted by the bidirectional data bus through a differential signal receiving circuit, and converting the differential signal into a single-ended digital signal; converting the single-ended digital signal to be sent into a differential signal through a differential signal sending circuit, and sending it to the bus-type alarm controller through the bidirectional data bus; The instruction processing includes the following steps: receiving the control instruction sent by the bus-type alarm controller through the bidirectional data bus; parsing the control instruction, extracting the node ID and operation type; and sending the corresponding operation instruction to the designated wireless alarm node through the multi-protocol wireless communication module according to the node ID and operation type.

6. The alarm gateway monitoring method of the bus-type alarm controller according to claim 5, characterized in that: The differential signal receiving circuit includes a differential amplifier, a comparator, a level converter, a microprocessor and a differential driver; the differential amplifier converts the differential signal on the bidirectional data bus into a single-ended analog signal; the comparator compares the single-ended analog signal with a preset threshold and outputs a corresponding digital level signal; the level converter converts the digital signal output by the microcontroller into the voltage level required for differential driving; the differential driver converts the converted voltage signal into a differential signal and outputs it to the bidirectional data bus.

7. The alarm gateway monitoring method of the bus-type alarm controller according to claim 5, characterized in that: The multi-protocol wireless communication module supports the simultaneous use of multiple wireless communication protocols, including but not limited to ZigBee, Wi-Fi, LoRa and Bluetooth.

8. An alarm gateway monitoring system for a bus-type alarm controller, based on the alarm gateway monitoring method for a bus-type alarm controller according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Also includes, A two-way communication connection module, used to establish a two-way communication connection with a bus-type alarm controller via a two-way data bus, wherein the two-way data bus is used by the bus-type alarm controller to supply power to the alarm gateway and perform two-way data transmission; A monitoring module is used to establish a multi-protocol wireless communication connection with a plurality of wireless alarm nodes through a multi-protocol wireless communication module, and monitor the communication status of the alarm gateway and the bus-type alarm controller in real time; An abnormality judgment module is used to collect the working parameters of the wireless alarm node, and perform abnormality judgment on the working parameters through a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm, and output a judgment result; The transmission module issues an early warning based on the judgment result, generates structured alarm data, and sends the structured alarm data to the bus-type alarm controller through the bidirectional data bus to complete the alarm gateway monitoring.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the alarm gateway monitoring method of the bus-type alarm controller described in any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the alarm gateway monitoring method of the bus-type alarm controller described in any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

Images