Method and terminal device for sideline transmission

Abstract

The invention provides a method for sideline transmission and terminal equipment. The method comprises: a terminal device determines whether to transmit a reference signal for sidelink positioning according to channel monitoring results of K RB sets; wherein K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. The terminal device determines whether to transmit the reference signal for sidelink positioning according to the channel monitoring result of the K RB sets, and performs channel monitoring before sending the reference signal, so that conflicts between signals can be avoided.

Description

Method and terminal device for sideline transmission Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and more particularly, to a method and terminal device for sideline transmission. Background Art

[0002] The standard is currently discussing sidelink positioning technology. However, the specific transmission method of the reference signal used for sidelink positioning, such as whether channel sensing is required and how to access the channel, has not yet been discussed in the standard.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a method and terminal device for sideline transmission. The following introduces various aspects of the present application.

[0005] In a first aspect, a method for sidelink transmission is provided, comprising: a terminal device determines whether to transmit a reference signal for sidelink positioning based on a channel monitoring result of a set of K resource blocks (RBs); wherein K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0006] In a second aspect, a terminal device is provided, including: a determination module, used to determine whether to transmit a reference signal for side link positioning based on the channel monitoring results of a set of K resource blocks RB; wherein K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0007] In a third aspect, a terminal device is provided, comprising a transceiver, a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store programs, and the processor is used to call the programs in the memory and control the transceiver to receive or send signals so that the terminal device executes the method described in the first aspect.

[0008] In a fourth aspect, a device is provided, comprising a processor configured to call a program from a memory so that the device executes the method described in the first aspect.

[0009] In a fifth aspect, a chip is provided, comprising a processor for calling a program from a memory so that a device equipped with the chip executes the method described in the first aspect.

[0010] In a sixth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a program is stored, wherein the program enables a computer to execute the method as described in the first aspect.

[0011] In a seventh aspect, a computer program product is provided, comprising a program, wherein the program enables a computer to execute the method as described in the first aspect.

[0012] In an eighth aspect, a computer program is provided, which enables a computer to execute the method as described in the first aspect.

[0013] The terminal device determines whether to transmit a reference signal for sidelink positioning based on the channel monitoring results of the K RB sets, and performs channel monitoring before sending the reference signal to avoid conflicts between signals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] FIG1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a system architecture of a wireless communication system to which an embodiment of the present application may be applied.

[0015] FIG2 is an example diagram of a side communication scenario within network coverage.

[0016] FIG3 is an example diagram of a side communication scenario with partial network coverage.

[0017] FIG4 is an example diagram of a side communication scenario outside network coverage.

[0018] FIG5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a side communication scenario with a central control node.

[0019] FIG6 is an example diagram of a sideline communication method based on broadcasting.

[0020] FIG7 is an example diagram of a unicast-based sideline communication method.

[0021] FIG8 is an example diagram of a side communication method based on multicast.

[0022] FIG9 is a diagram showing an example of a time slot structure of certain side-by-side communication systems (e.g., an NR-V2X system).

[0023] FIG10 is an example diagram showing changes in the available OFDM symbols for the PSSCH in different time slots.

[0024] FIG11 is an example diagram of time-frequency resources occupied by the second-order SCI in a time slot.

[0025] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a DMRS pattern of a PSCCH.

[0026] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the time domain positions of four DMRS symbols when the number of PSSCH symbols is 14.

[0027] FIG14 is an example diagram of a single-symbol DMRS frequency domain type 1. FIG.

[0028] FIG15 is an example diagram of the time-frequency position of an SL CSI-RS.

[0029] FIG16 is a diagram illustrating an example of signal transmission performed by a communication device within a COT.

[0030] FIG. 17 is another exemplary diagram of signal transmission performed by a communication device within a COT.

[0031] FIG18 is a schematic flowchart of a method for side transmission provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] FIG19 is an example diagram of transmission resources of a reference signal for sidelink positioning provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] FIG20 is an example diagram of transmission resources of a reference signal for sidelink positioning provided by another embodiment of the present application.

[0034] FIG21 is an example diagram of transmission resources of a reference signal for sidelink positioning provided by yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0035] FIG22 is an example diagram of transmission resources of a reference signal for sidelink positioning provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0036] FIG23 is an example diagram of transmission resources of a reference signal for sidelink positioning provided by yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0037] FIG24 is an example diagram of transmission resources of a reference signal for sidelink positioning provided by yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 25 is a structural diagram of a terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] FIG26 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solution in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] Communication System

[0042] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating the system architecture of a wireless communication system 100 used in an embodiment of the present application. The wireless communication system 100 may include a network device 110 and a terminal device 120. The network device 110 may be a device that communicates with the terminal device 120. The network device 110 may provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area and may communicate with the terminal device 120 located within the coverage area.

[0043] Optionally, the wireless communication system 100 may include multiple network devices and the coverage area of ​​each network device may include other numbers of terminal devices, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0044] Optionally, the wireless communication system 100 may further include other network entities such as a network controller and a mobility management entity, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0045] It should be understood that the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: fifth generation (5G) system or new radio (NR), long term evolution (LTE) system, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) system, LTE time division duplex (TDD), etc. The technical solutions provided in this application can also be applied to future communication systems, such as the sixth generation mobile communication system, satellite communication system, etc.

[0046] The terminal device in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent or user device. The terminal device in the embodiments of the present application may refer to a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity to a user and can be used to connect people, objects and machines, such as a handheld device with wireless connection function, a vehicle-mounted device, etc. The terminal device in the embodiments of the present application can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a PDA, a mobile internet device (MID), a wearable device, a virtual reality (VR) device, an augmented reality (AR) device, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self-driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical surgery, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a wireless terminal in a smart home, etc. Optionally, the terminal device can be used to act as a base station. For example, the terminal device can act as a scheduling entity that provides sidelink signals between terminal devices in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) or device-to-device (D2D) communication. For example, a cellular phone and a car communicate with each other using sidelink signals. Cell phones and smart home devices can communicate with each other without relaying the communication signal through a base station. Optionally, the terminal device can be used to act as a base station.

[0047] The network device in the embodiments of the present application may be a device for communicating with a terminal device, and may also be referred to as an access network device or a radio access network device. For example, the network device may be a base station. The network device in the embodiments of the present application may refer to a radio access network (RAN) node (or device) that connects a terminal device to a wireless network. A base station can broadly cover various names as follows, or be replaced with the following names, such as: NodeB, evolved NodeB (eNB), next generation NodeB (gNB), relay station, access point, transmission point (TRP), transmission point (TP), master station MeNB, secondary station SeNB, multi-standard radio (MSR) node, home base station, network controller, access node, wireless node, access point (AP), transmission node, transceiver node, baseband unit (BBU), remote radio unit (RRU), active antenna unit (AAU), remote radio head (RRH), central unit (CU), distributed unit (DU), positioning node, etc. A base station can be a macro base station, a micro base station, a relay node, a donor node or the like, or a combination thereof. A base station can also refer to a communication module, modem or chip used to be set in the aforementioned device or apparatus. The base station can also be a mobile switching center and a device that performs base station functions in device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), and machine-to-machine (M2M) communications, a network-side device in a 6G network, and a device that performs base station functions in future communication systems. The base station can support networks with the same or different access technologies. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the network equipment.

[0048] Base stations can be fixed or mobile. For example, a helicopter or drone can be configured to act as a mobile base station, and one or more cells can move based on the location of the mobile base station. In other examples, a helicopter or drone can be configured to act as a device that communicates with another base station.

[0049] In some deployments, the network device in the embodiments of the present application may refer to a CU or a DU, or the network device may include a CU and a DU. The gNB may also include an AAU.

[0050] The network equipment and terminal devices can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on the water; they can also be deployed in the air on aircraft, balloons, and satellites. The embodiments of this application do not limit the scenarios in which the network equipment and terminal devices are located.

[0051] It should be understood that all or part of the functions of the communication device in this application can also be implemented through software functions running on hardware, or through virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (such as a cloud platform).

[0052] Sideline communication under different network coverage conditions

[0053] Sidelink communication (or sidelink transmission) refers to a communication technology based on sidelink (SL). Sidelink communication can be, for example, D2D or V2X. Sidelink communication supports direct communication and data transmission between terminal devices. Direct communication data transmission between terminal devices can achieve higher spectrum efficiency and lower transmission latency. For example, the Internet of Vehicles system uses sidelink communication technology.

[0054] In side communication, according to the network coverage of the terminal device, side communication can be divided into side communication within the network coverage, side communication with partial network coverage, side communication outside the network coverage and side communication controlled by the central node.

[0055] Figure 2 illustrates an example scenario for sidelink communication within network coverage. In the scenario shown in Figure 2, both terminal devices 120a are within the coverage of network device 110. Therefore, both terminal devices 120a can receive configuration signaling from network device 110 (configuration signaling in this application can also be replaced by configuration information) and determine the sidelink configuration based on the configuration signaling from network device 110. After both terminal devices 120a have configured their sidelinks, sidelink communication can proceed on the sidelink.

[0056] Figure 3 is an example diagram of a sidelink communication scenario with partial network coverage. In the scenario shown in Figure 3, terminal device 120a performs sidelink communication with terminal device 120b. Terminal device 120a is located within the coverage range of network device 110, so terminal device 120a can receive the configuration signaling of network device 110 and determine the sidelink configuration based on the configuration signaling of network device 110. Terminal device 120b is located outside the network coverage and cannot receive the configuration signaling of network device 110. In this case, terminal device 120b can determine the sidelink configuration based on pre-configuration information and / or information carried in the physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH) sent by terminal device 120a within the network coverage. After both terminal device 120a and terminal device 120b perform sidelink configuration, sidelink communication can be performed on the sidelink.

[0057] Figure 4 illustrates an example scenario for sidelink communication outside of network coverage. In the scenario shown in Figure 4, both terminal devices 120b are outside of network coverage. In this scenario, both terminal devices 120b can determine the sidelink configuration based on pre-configured information. After both terminal devices 120b have configured their sidelinks, sidelink communication can proceed over the sidelink.

[0058] Figure 5 illustrates an example scenario for sideline communication with a central control node. In the scenario shown in Figure 5, multiple terminal devices 120b may constitute a communication group. This communication group may include a central control node. In some cases, the central control node may serve as a cluster header (CH) terminal device. The central control node may have one or more of the following functions: establishing the communication group, managing the joining and leaving of group members, coordinating resources, allocating sideline transmission resources to other terminal devices, receiving sideline feedback information from other terminal devices, and coordinating resources with other communication groups.

[0059] Sideline communication mode

[0060] Certain standards or protocols (such as the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)) define two sideline communication modes (or transmission modes): a first mode and a second mode.

[0061] In the first mode, the resources of the terminal device (the resources mentioned in this application may also be referred to as transmission resources, such as time-frequency resources) are allocated by the network device. The terminal device can send data on the side link according to the resources allocated by the network device. The network device can allocate resources for a single transmission to the terminal device, or it can allocate resources for semi-static transmission to the terminal device. This first mode can be applied to scenarios covered by a network device, such as the scenario shown in Figure 2 above. In the scenario shown in Figure 2, the terminal device 120a is within the network coverage of the network device 110, so the network device 110 can allocate resources used in the side transmission process to the terminal device 120a.

[0062] In the second mode, the terminal device can autonomously select one or more resources from a resource pool (RP). The terminal device can then perform side transmission based on the selected resources. For example, in the scenario shown in FIG4 , the terminal device 120b is located outside the cell coverage area. Therefore, the terminal device 120b can autonomously select resources from a pre-configured resource pool for side transmission. Alternatively, in the scenario shown in FIG2 , the terminal device 120a can also autonomously select one or more resources from a resource pool configured by the network device 110 for side transmission.

[0063] Data transmission method of side communication

[0064] Some sidewalk communication systems (such as LTE-V2X) support broadcast-based data transmission (hereinafter referred to as broadcast transmission). For broadcast transmission, the receiving terminal device can be any terminal device around the transmitting terminal device. Taking Figure 6 as an example, terminal device 1 is the transmitting terminal device, and the receiving terminal device corresponding to the transmitting terminal device is any terminal device around terminal device 1, such as terminal devices 2 to terminal devices 6 in Figure 6.

[0065] In addition to broadcast transmission, some communication systems also support unicast-based data transmission (hereinafter referred to as unicast transmission) and / or multicast-based data transmission (hereinafter referred to as multicast transmission). For example, NR-V2X aims to support autonomous driving. Autonomous driving places higher requirements on data exchange between vehicles. For example, data exchange between vehicles requires higher throughput, lower latency, higher reliability, wider coverage, and more flexible resource allocation. Therefore, to improve the performance of data exchange between vehicles, NR-V2X introduces unicast and multicast transmission.

[0066] For unicast transmission, there is typically only one receiving terminal device. For example, in Figure 7, unicast transmission occurs between terminal devices 1 and 2. Terminal device 1 can be the sending terminal device, and terminal device 2 can be the receiving terminal device, or alternatively, terminal device 1 can be the receiving terminal device, and terminal device 2 can be the sending terminal device.

[0067] For multicast transmission, the receiving terminal device can be a terminal device within a communication group, or it can be a terminal device within a certain transmission distance. Taking Figure 7 as an example, terminal devices 1, 2, 3, and 4 form a communication group. If terminal device 1 sends data, the other terminal devices in the group (terminal devices 2 through 4) can all be receiving terminal devices.

[0068] Sideline communication system frame structure

[0069] A timeslot may include channels such as the physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH), the physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), and the physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH). These channels will be described in detail below and will not be repeated here.

[0070] Figure 9 shows an example of a time slot structure for certain sidelink communication systems (e.g., NR-V2X systems). Figure 9(a) shows an example of a time slot structure in which the physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH) is not included in the time slot. Figure 9(b) shows an example of a time slot structure in which the PSFCH is included in the time slot.

[0071] As shown in Figure 9, in the time domain, the PSCCH can start from the second sidelink symbol of the time slot and occupy 2 or 3 orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. In the frequency domain, it can occupy {10, 12 15, 20, 25} physical resource blocks (PRBs). In order to reduce the complexity of blind detection of PSCCH by terminal devices, only one number of PSCCH symbols and PRBs can be configured in a resource pool. In addition, the subchannel is the minimum granularity of PSSCH resource allocation in some sidelink communication systems (such as NR-V2X systems). Therefore, the number of PRBs occupied by PSCCH must be less than or equal to the number of PRBs contained in a subchannel in the resource pool to avoid additional restrictions on PSSCH resource selection or allocation.

[0072] In the time domain, the PSSCH can start from the second side symbol of the time slot. The last time domain symbol in the time slot is the guard period (GP) symbol (also called the gap (GAP) symbol), and the remaining symbols can be mapped to the PSSCH. The first side symbol in the time slot can be a repetition of the second side symbol. The receiving terminal device can use the first side symbol as an automatic gain control (AGC) symbol, and the data on this symbol is usually not used for data demodulation. As shown in Figure 9(a), the PSSCH can occupy K subchannels in the frequency domain, and each subchannel can include N consecutive PRBs. K can be an integer greater than 0, and N can be an integer greater than 0.

[0073] As shown in FIG9( b ), when a time slot includes a PSFCH channel, the second to last and third to last symbols in the time slot can be used for PSFCH channel transmission, and a time domain symbol before the PSFCH channel can be used as a GP symbol.

[0074] PSSCH

[0075] In some sidelink communication systems (such as NR-V2X systems), PSSCH can be used to carry second-order sidelink control information (SCI). The second-order SCI can include SCI 2-A or SCI 2-B. The second-order SCI can use Polar coding. The second-order SCI can be fixedly modulated with QPSK. The data part of PSSCH can use low-density parity check (LDPC). The highest modulation order that the data part of PSSCH can support is 256QAM.

[0076] In some sideline communication systems (such as NR-V2X systems), PSSCH supports up to two stream transmissions and uses a unit precoding matrix to map data on two layers to two antenna ports. At most, only one TB can be sent in one PSSCH. However, unlike the transmission method of the PSSCH data part, when PSSCH adopts a dual-stream transmission method, the modulation symbols sent by the second-order SCI on the two streams are exactly the same. This design can ensure the reception performance of the second-order SCI in highly correlated channels.

[0077] In some sideline communication systems (such as NR-V2X systems), the maximum number of retransmissions of a PSSCH is 32 times. If there are PSFCH resources in the resource pool and the configuration period of the PSFCH resources is 2 or 4, the OFDM symbols available in the time slot where different transmissions of a PSSCH are located may change. Figure 10 is an example diagram of the change in the available OFDM symbols of the PSSCH in different time slots. As shown in Figure 10, due to the existence of PSFCH resources, the number of OFDM symbols available for the nth transmission and the n+1th transmission of the PSSCH is different. If the number of symbols transmitted by the PSSCH is calculated according to the actual number of OFDM symbols in a time slot The difference in the number of symbols available for PSSCH transmission in a time slot may cause Q′ SCI2 Different, and Q′ SCI The change of will lead to the change of the size of the TB carried by PSSCH, as described below. In order to ensure that the transmission block size (TBS) remains unchanged during multiple transmissions of PSSCH, The actual number of PSFCH symbols is not used. The number of resource elements (REs) occupied by the PSSCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS) and the number of REs occupied by the phase-tracking reference signal (PT-RS), which may change during the retransmission process, are not taken into account.

[0078] The code rate of the second-order SCI can be dynamically adjusted within a certain range, and the specific code rate used can be indicated by the first-order SCI. Therefore, even after the code rate changes, the receiver does not need to perform blind detection on the second-order SCI. Figure 11 shows an example of the time-frequency resources occupied by the second-order SCI in a time slot. As shown in Figure 11, the modulation symbols of the second-order SCI can be mapped starting from the symbol where the first PSSCH DMRS is located, using a frequency domain first and then a time domain mapping. In the OFDM symbol where the DMRS is located, the second-order SCI can be mapped to REs not occupied by the DMRS.

[0079] Within a resource pool, the data portion of the PSSCH can use multiple different modulation and coding scheme (MCS) tables. For example, one or more of the following tables can be used: the conventional 64QAM MCS table, the 256QAM MCS table, and the low spectrum efficiency 64QAM MCS table. In a transmission, the specific MCS table used for the data portion of the PSSCH can be indicated by the "MCS table indication" field in the first-order SCI. In order to control the PAPR, the PSSCH must be sent using continuous PRBs. Since the subchannel is the minimum frequency domain resource granularity of the PSSCH, the PSSCH must occupy continuous subchannels.

[0080] Sidelink TBS

[0081] PSSCH follows the TBS determination mechanism of PDSCH and PUSCH, that is, the TBS can be determined based on the reference value of the number of REs used for PSSCH in the time slot where PSSCH is located, so that the actual code rate is as close to the target code rate as possible. It should be noted that the purpose of using the reference value of the number of REs instead of the actual number of REs is to ensure that the number of REs used to determine the TBS remains unchanged during the PSSCH retransmission process, so that the determined TBS size remains the same. To achieve this goal, the reference value N of the number of REs occupied by PSSCH in the TBS determination process is used. RE It can be determined according to the following formula:

[0082] Among them, n PRB is the number of PRBs occupied by PSSCH, is the number of REs occupied by the first-order SCI (including the REs occupied by the DMRS of the PSCCH), is the number of REs occupied by the second-order SCI (as described above), N′ RE Indicates the number of reference REs that can be used for PSSCH in a PRB. N' RE It can be determined by the following formula:

[0083] in, It can represent the number of subcarriers in a PRB, for example, Indicates the number of symbols available for sidelink in a time slot, which may not include the last GP symbol and the first symbol used for AGC. A reference value indicating the number of symbols occupied by the PSFCH, for example, or 3. The specific value can be indicated by the "PSFCH symbol number" field in the first-order SCI. It can represent the reference value of the number of REs occupied by PT-RS and channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS), and can be configured by radio resource control (RRC) layer parameters. It can represent the average number of DMRS REs in a time slot, which is related to the DMRS pattern allowed in the resource pool. Table 1 shows the DMRS pattern allowed in the resource pool and The corresponding relationship.

[0084] Table 1

[0085]

[0086] Sidelink DMRS

[0087] In some sideline communication systems (such as NR-V2X systems), the DMRS pattern of the PSCCH can be the same as that of the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). That is, the DMRS can exist on each OFDM symbol of the PSCCH and can be located in the {#1, #5, #9} REs of a PRB in the frequency domain. Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a DMRS pattern of the PSCCH. The DMRS sequence of the PSCCH is generated by the following formula:

[0088]

[0089] Among them, the pseudo-random sequence c(m) can be obtained by Initialize. Wherein, l can represent the index of the OFDM symbol where the DMRS is located in the time slot, It can represent the index of the time slot where the DMRS is located in the system frame. It can represent the number of OFDM symbols in a time slot, N ID ∈{0,1,...,65535}, in a resource pool N IDThe specific value is configured or pre-configured by the network.

[0090] Some sideline communication systems (such as NR-V2X systems) use multiple time-domain PSSCH DMRS patterns, which draws on the design of the Uu interface of the NR system. Within a resource pool, the number of available DMRS patterns can be related to the number of PSSCH symbols in the resource pool. For a specific number of PSSCH symbols (including the first AGC symbol) and PSCCH symbols, the available DMRS patterns and the position of each DMRS symbol within the pattern are shown in Table 2. Figure 13 shows the time-domain position of four DMRS symbols when the PSSCH has 14 symbols.

[0091] Table 2

[0092]

[0093] If multiple time-domain DMRS patterns are configured within the resource pool, the transmitting terminal device selects the specific time-domain DMRS pattern to be used and indicates this in the first-order SCI. This design allows high-speed terminal devices to select a high-density DMRS pattern, thereby ensuring channel estimation accuracy, while low-speed terminal devices can use a low-density DMRS pattern, thereby improving spectral efficiency.

[0094] The generation method of the PSSCH DMRS sequence is almost identical to that of the PSCCH DMRS sequence. The only difference is the initialization formula c(m) of the pseudo-random sequence. init middle, Among them, p i The ith CRC bit of the PSCCH that schedules the PSSCH. L may be the number of bits of the PSCCH CRC, for example, L=24.

[0095] In the NR communication system, two frequency domain DMRS patterns are supported in PDSCH and PUSCH, namely DMRS frequency domain type 1 and DMRS frequency domain type 2. For each frequency domain type, there are two different types: single DMRS symbol and double DMRS symbol. Single-symbol DMRS frequency domain type 1 supports 4 DMRS ports, and single-symbol DMRS frequency domain type 2 can support 6 DMRS ports. In the case of double DMRS symbols, the number of supported ports is doubled. However, in sideline communication systems (such as NR-V2X), since PSSCH only needs to support two DMRS ports at most, only single-symbol DMRS frequency domain type 1 can be supported. Figure 14 is an example diagram of a single-symbol DMRS frequency domain type 1.

[0096] Sidelink CSI-RS

[0097] The sidelink communication system can support sidelink CSI-RS (SL CSI-RS) to better support unicast communication. SL CSI-RS can be transmitted when the following three conditions are met: the terminal device transmits the corresponding PSSCH (that is, the terminal device cannot only transmit SL CSI-RS); higher-layer signaling activates SL CSI-RS reporting; when higher-layer signaling activates SL CSI-RS reporting, the corresponding bit in the second-order SCI sent by the terminal device triggers SL CSI-RS reporting.

[0098] The maximum number of ports supported by SL CSI-RS is 2. Two ports are SL CSI-RSs from different ports, multiplexed via code division on two adjacent REs in the same OFDM symbol. The number of SL CSI-RSs per port within a PRB is 1, meaning the density is 1. Therefore, an SL CSI-RS appears in at most one OFDM symbol within a PRB. The specific location of this OFDM symbol can be determined by the transmitting terminal device. To avoid impacting the resource mapping of the PSCCH and second-order SCI, the SL CSI-RS cannot be located in the same OFDM symbol as the PSCCH and second-order SCI. Because the channel estimation accuracy of the OFDM symbol where the PSSCH DMRS resides is higher, and the SL CSI-RSs of two ports occupy two consecutive REs in the frequency domain, the SL CSI-RS cannot be transmitted in the same OFDM symbol as the PSSCH DMRS. The OFDM symbol location of the SL CSI-RS is indicated by the sl-CSI-RS-FirstSymbol parameter in the PC5RRC.

[0099] The position of the first RE occupied by SL CSI-RS in a PRB can be indicated by the sl-CSI-RS-FreqAllocation parameter in PC5RRC. If SL CSI-RS is one port, the parameter can be a bitmap with a length of 12, corresponding to 12 REs in one PRB. If SL CSI-RS is two ports, the parameter is a bitmap with a length of 6. In this case, SL CSI-RS can occupy two REs, 2f(1) and 2f(1)+1. Among them, f(1) can represent the index of the bit with a value of 1 in the above bitmap. The frequency domain position of SL CSI-RS can also be determined by the transmitting terminal device. The determined frequency domain position of SL CSI-RS cannot conflict with PT-RS. Figure 15 is an example diagram of the time-frequency position of SL CSI-RS. In FIG15 , the number of SL CSI-RS ports is 2, the sl-CSI-RS-FirstSymbol is 8, and the sl-CSI-RS-FreqAllocation is [b5, b4, b3, b2, b1, b0] = [0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0].

[0100] Unlicensed spectrum communications

[0101] Unlicensed spectrum (or unlicensed frequency bands) is spectrum designated by countries and regions for use by radio equipment. This spectrum is generally considered shared spectrum, meaning that as long as communications equipment meets national or regional regulatory requirements for the spectrum, it can use it without applying for exclusive spectrum authorization from the national or regional spectrum management agency. Unlicensed spectrum may also be referred to as shared spectrum, unlicensed spectrum, unlicensed frequency bands, or unlicensed frequency bands.

[0102] In LTE systems, unlicensed spectrum has been used as a supplementary frequency band to licensed spectrum for cellular networks. NR systems can achieve seamless cellular network coverage, high spectral efficiency, high peak rates, and high reliability. NR systems can also use unlicensed spectrum as part of 5G cellular network technology to provide services to users. The 3GPP Release 16 standard discusses NR systems using unlicensed spectrum, referred to as NR-unlicensed (NR-U) systems.

[0103] The NR-U system supports two networking modes: licensed spectrum assisted access and unlicensed spectrum independent access. Licensed spectrum assisted access requires the use of licensed spectrum to access the network, and unlicensed spectrum is used as a secondary carrier. Unlicensed spectrum independent access can independently network through unlicensed spectrum, and terminal devices can directly access the network through unlicensed spectrum. The range of unlicensed spectrum used by the NR-U system introduced in 3GPP R16 is concentrated in the 5GHz and 6GHz frequency bands. For example, in the United States, the range of unlicensed spectrum is 5925–7125MHz; in Europe, the range of unlicensed spectrum is 5925–6425MHz. In the R16 standard, band 46 (5150MHz-5925MHz) is newly defined for use as unlicensed spectrum.

[0104] The use of unlicensed spectrum needs to meet the specific regulatory requirements of each country and region. For example, communication equipment can use unlicensed spectrum to achieve channel access on the unlicensed spectrum through channel monitoring to avoid conflicts with other communication equipment or other communication systems (such as WiFi systems). As an implementation method, communication equipment can use unlicensed spectrum in accordance with the principle of "listen-before-talk" (LBT). Therefore, for NR-U, NR technology needs to be enhanced accordingly to adapt to the regulatory requirements of unlicensed frequency bands, while efficiently utilizing unlicensed spectrum to provide services. In the 3GPP R16 standard, the standardization of NR-U technology in the following aspects is mainly completed: channel monitoring process; initial access process; control channel design; HARQ and scheduling; scheduling-free authorized transmission, etc.

[0105] LBT

[0106] The LBT principle may include: before a communication device uses a channel on an unlicensed spectrum to send a signal, it must first perform LBT. In the case of a successful LBT, the result of the channel monitoring is that the channel is idle. Only when the channel is idle can the communication device send a signal through the channel. If the channel monitoring result of the communication device on the channel is that the channel is busy or LBT fails, then the communication device cannot send a signal through the channel. In addition, in order to ensure fairness in the use of spectrum resources of the shared spectrum, if a communication device succeeds in LBT on a channel on an unlicensed spectrum, the duration for which the communication device can use the channel for communication transmission cannot exceed a certain duration. By limiting the maximum duration for communication after a successful LBT, this mechanism can give different communication devices the opportunity to access the shared channel, thereby allowing different communication systems to coexist in a friendly manner on the shared spectrum.

[0107] Signal transmission in unlicensed spectrum involves concepts related to channel occupancy, such as channel occupancy time (COT), maximum channel occupancy time (MCOT), the COT of network devices (such as base stations), and the COT of terminal devices.

[0108] MCOT refers to the maximum duration a communication device is allowed to transmit signals using unlicensed spectrum channels if LBT is successful. It should be understood that MCOT refers to the duration of signal transmission. Different communication devices with different channel access priorities may have different MCOT values. For example, the maximum MCOT value can be set to 10ms.

[0109] FIG16 is an example diagram showing a channel occupancy time obtained by a communication device after successful LBT on a channel of an unlicensed spectrum, and signal transmission using resources within the channel occupancy time.

[0110] Although channel sensing is not a global regulatory requirement, it can provide interference avoidance and coexistence benefits for communication systems on shared spectrum. Therefore, during the design of NR systems on unlicensed spectrum, channel sensing is a feature that communication equipment in the system must support.

[0111] Channel access methods for unlicensed or shared spectrum

[0112] Some communication systems (such as NR-U systems) introduce channel access via LBT. Some communication systems may also support channel access via short control signaling transmission (SCSt). The following describes these two channel access methods.

[0113] From a system networking perspective, LBT can be implemented in two ways: load-based equipment (LBE) LBT, also known as dynamic channel monitoring or dynamic channel occupancy; and frame-based equipment (FBE) LBT, also known as semi-static channel monitoring or semi-static channel occupancy. The principle of dynamic channel monitoring LBT is that a communication device performs LBT on a carrier in unlicensed spectrum upon service arrival and begins transmitting signals on that carrier after successful LBT.

[0114] The LBT mode of dynamic channel monitoring may include a Type 1 (Type 1) channel access mode and a Type 2 (Type 2) channel access mode.

[0115] The following describes in detail the Type 1 channel access method and the Type 2 channel access method using a network device as an example. It is understandable that the channel monitoring process of other communication devices such as terminal devices using the Type 1 channel access method or the Type 2 channel access method is similar.

[0116] Type 1 channel access method can also be called multi-slot channel detection with random backoff based on contention window size adjustment. In type 1 channel access method, the communication device can initiate channel occupation of length Tmcot according to the channel access priority p. If the network device uses type 1 channel access method, then the network device can not only send its own data during the channel occupation period, but also share the COT with the terminal device. The so-called sharing of COT with the terminal device means: allowing the terminal device to send data within the time length corresponding to the COT (that is, the COT obtained by the network device through channel access). Accordingly, if the terminal device uses type 1 channel access method, then the terminal device can not only send its own data during the channel occupation period, but also share the COT with the network device.

[0117] Table 3 shows the channel access priority and its corresponding parameters when the terminal device performs type 1 channel access.

[0118] Table 3

[0119]

[0120] The default channel access mode on the network device side is type 1 channel access mode. The channel access parameters corresponding to the channel access priority p are shown in Table 3. In Table 3, m p It can refer to the number of fallback slots corresponding to the channel access priority p, CW p It can refer to the contention window (CW) size corresponding to the channel access priority p. min,p It can refer to the CW corresponding to the channel access priority p p Minimum value, CW max,p It can refer to the CW corresponding to the channel access priority p p The maximum value, T mcot,p It refers to the maximum channel occupancy time corresponding to the channel access priority p.

[0121] Type 2 channel access methods (Type 2 channel access methods) can also be referred to as channel access methods based on fixed-length channel monitoring time slots. Type 2 channel access methods include Type 2A channel access methods (Type 2A channel access methods), Type 2B channel access methods (Type 2B channel access methods), and Type 2C channel access methods (Type 2C channel access methods). When resources within a COT are shared with other communication devices, other communication devices can use Type 2 channel access methods, as shown in Figure 17.

[0122] In Type 2A channel access, a communication device can use a single-slot detection of the channel every 25 us. This means that the communication device can begin channel detection 25 us before starting to send data. This 25 us channel detection can include one 16 us channel detection and one 9 us channel detection. If both detection results indicate that the channel is idle, the channel is considered idle and channel access can be performed.

[0123] In the Type 2B channel access method, the communication device can use a 16-us single-slot channel detection process. During the channel detection process, if the communication device detects that the channel is idle for more than 4 us within the last 9 us, it can be considered that the channel is idle.

[0124] In the Type 2C channel access method, communication devices can transmit data directly over the channel without performing channel detection. In the Type 2C channel access method, the time difference between the current transmission and the previous transmission is less than or equal to 16us. In other words, if the time difference between two transmissions is less than or equal to 16us, they can be considered to be the same transmission and channel detection is not required. It should be noted that in the Type 2C channel access method, the transmission time of communication devices is limited and generally cannot exceed 584us.

[0125] Sidelink-based positioning

[0126] Sidelink-based positioning is one of the enhancements to Release 18 positioning technology. This topic will consider the scenarios and requirements for supporting sidelink positioning use cases within, partially within, and outside the coverage of cellular networks.

[0127] Furthermore, R18 will also consider the positioning requirements of V2X use cases, public safety use cases, commercial use cases and industrial internet of things (IIOT) use cases.

[0128] Furthermore, R18 will also consider supporting the following features:

[0129] Absolute positioning, distance / direction finding and relative positioning;

[0130] Study the positioning method combining lateral measurement and Uu interface measurement;

[0131] Study side-track positioning reference signals, including signal design, physical layer control signaling, resource allocation, physical layer measurements, and related physical layer processes; and

[0132] Study the positioning system architecture and signaling process, such as configuration, measurement reporting, etc.

[0133] The specific transmission method of the reference signal used for sidelink positioning, such as whether channel sensing is required and how to access the channel, has not yet been discussed in the standard.

[0134] FIG18 is a schematic flow chart of a method for sideline transmission provided in an embodiment of the present application. The method of FIG18 may be executed by a terminal device, such as the terminal device 120 shown in FIG1 .

[0135] In some implementations, the embodiments of the present application may be applied to unlicensed frequency bands (or shared frequency bands), licensed frequency bands, and dedicated frequency bands (such as intelligent transport systems (ITS) frequency bands).

[0136] Referring to Figure 18, in step S1810, the terminal device determines whether to transmit a reference signal for sidelink positioning based on the channel monitoring results of K RB sets (for the sake of convenience of description, the reference signal for sidelink positioning will be referred to as the reference signal hereinafter); where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0137] In some implementations, the channel sensing mentioned above may refer to LBT.

[0138] In some implementations, sending the reference signal needs to occupy part or all of the resources in the K RB sets.

[0139] In some implementations, the reference signal may be referred to as a sidelink positioning reference signal (SL PRS).

[0140] In some implementations, the reference signal may be referred to as a sidelink unlicensed positioning reference signal (SL-U PRS).

[0141] In some implementations, the K resource block RB sets are RB sets of an unlicensed frequency band; or, the K resource block RB sets are RB sets of a licensed frequency band; or, the K resource block RB sets are RB sets of a dedicated frequency band (such as an ITS frequency band).

[0142] In some implementations, the method of FIG. 18 may further include: if channel access fails for M of the K RB sets, then the terminal device determines not to transmit the reference signal; where M is a positive integer and is less than or equal to K. For example, if the terminal device determines that channel access fails for the M RB sets, this may indicate that resources for transmitting the reference signal are occupied, or that the number of available resources / available RB sets for transmitting the reference signal is insufficient.

[0143] In some implementations, step S1810 may include: if N RB sets among the K RB sets contain frequency domain resources that can be used to transmit reference signals (such as channel access is successful on the N RB sets), then the terminal device determines whether to transmit the reference signal based on or not based on the N RB sets; where N is a positive integer and N is less than or equal to K.

[0144] In some implementations, the frequency domain resources that can be used to transmit the reference signal in one RB set among the N RB sets are continuous frequency domain resources.

[0145] In some implementations, some or all of the RBs in one of the N RB sets are used to transmit a reference signal.

[0146] In some implementations, the frequency domain resources that can be used to transmit the reference signal in one RB set among the N RB sets are discontinuous frequency domain resources.

[0147] In some implementations, the N RB sets are continuous RB sets (when N is greater than 1). Two RB sets are continuous, which can be understood as no other RB set between the two RB sets.

[0148] In some implementations, the N RB sets are discontinuous RB sets (when N is greater than 1). Two RB sets are discontinuous, which can be understood as other RB sets being present between the two RB sets.

[0149] In some implementations, the N RB sets being discontinuous RB sets includes: any two RB sets in the N RB sets being discontinuous. In other words, any two RB sets in the N RB sets are not adjacent.

[0150] In some implementations, the N RB sets being discontinuous RB sets includes: some of the N RB sets being contiguous, while some of the N RB sets being discontinuous. In other words, some of the N RB sets are adjacent, while others are non-adjacent. For example, if the N RB sets include RB set 1, RB set 2, and RB set 4, RB set 1 and RB set 2 are contiguous RB sets, while RB set 2 and RB set 4 are discontinuous RB sets.

[0151] In some implementations, step S1810 may include: if N RB sets among the K RB sets include frequency domain resources that can be used to transmit a reference signal, then the terminal device determines to transmit the reference signal based on the N RB sets. For example, if the N RB sets are contiguous RB sets, then the terminal device determines to transmit the reference signal based on the N RB sets. For another example, if the N RB sets are discontiguous RB sets, then the terminal device determines to transmit the reference signal based on the N RB sets.

[0152] In some implementations, step S1810 may include: if N RB sets among the K RB sets include frequency domain resources that can be used to transmit a reference signal, then the terminal device determines not to transmit a reference signal based on the N RB sets. For example, if the N RB sets are discontinuous RB sets, then the terminal device does not transmit a reference signal based on the N RB sets.

[0153] In some implementations, step S1810 may include: if N RB sets among the K RB sets include frequency domain resources that can be used to transmit reference signals, the terminal device determines whether to transmit reference signals based on the N RB sets based on the first condition.

[0154] In some implementations, the first condition may be determined based on one or more of the following: whether the N RB sets are contiguous; and whether the frequency domain resources available for transmitting the reference signal in the N RB sets meet the requirements of the unlicensed frequency band. The unlicensed frequency band requirements may, for example, be requirements for the transmission bandwidth of the unlicensed frequency band, such as requirements for the transmission bandwidth ratio and / or the frequency spectral density of the transmission bandwidth. For example, the bandwidth of the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal is at least 80% of the total bandwidth, and / or the transmission bandwidth of the reference signal is at least 2 MHz.

[0155] The embodiments of the present application take into account the regulatory requirements on unlicensed frequency bands, making the channel access and transmission scheme of the reference signal more reasonable.

[0156] For example, if N RB sets among the K RB sets contain frequency domain resources that can be used to transmit reference signals, and the N RB sets are continuous, the terminal device determines to transmit the reference signals based on the N RB sets.

[0157] For another example, if N RB sets among the K RB sets include frequency domain resources that can be used to transmit reference signals, and the N RB sets are discontinuous, the terminal device determines not to transmit reference signals based on the N RB sets.

[0158] For example, if N RB sets among the K RB sets contain frequency domain resources that can be used to transmit reference signals, and the frequency domain resources that can be used to transmit reference signals in the N RB sets meet the requirements of the unlicensed frequency band for the transmission bandwidth ratio or frequency spectrum density, the terminal device determines to transmit the reference signal based on the N RB sets.

[0159] For another example, if N RB sets among the K RB sets contain frequency domain resources that can be used to transmit reference signals, and the frequency domain resources that can be used to transmit reference signals among the N RB sets do not meet the requirements of the unlicensed frequency band for the transmission bandwidth ratio or frequency spectrum density, the terminal device determines not to transmit the reference signal based on the N RB sets.

[0160] For example, if N RB sets among the K RB sets contain frequency domain resources that can be used to transmit reference signals, the N RB sets are continuous, and the frequency domain resources that can be used to transmit reference signals in the N RB sets meet the requirements of the unlicensed frequency band for the transmission bandwidth ratio or frequency spectrum density, then the terminal device determines to transmit the reference signal based on the N RB sets.

[0161] For example, if N RB sets among the K RB sets contain frequency domain resources that can be used to transmit reference signals, the N RB sets are discontinuous, or the frequency domain resources in the N RB sets that can be used to transmit reference signals do not meet the requirements of the unlicensed frequency band for the transmission bandwidth ratio or frequency spectrum density, the terminal device determines not to transmit the reference signal based on the N RB sets.

[0162] The N RB sets may include a first RB set and a second RB set. The first RB set and the second RB set may be two RB sets among the N RB sets that meet the following conditions: the first RB set and the second RB set are continuous (i.e., no other RB sets exist in the frequency domain range between the first RB set and the second RB set); and / or, there is an RB set between the first RB set and the second RB set, but the RB set does not belong to the N RB sets (the RB set does not include frequency domain resources that can be used to transmit reference signals, or the channel sensing result of the RB set is failure). A first guard interval (or guard band) is set between the first RB set and the second RB set.

[0163] In some implementations, some RBs in the first guard interval may be used to transmit the reference signal.

[0164] In some implementations, all RBs in the first guard interval may be used to transmit the reference signal.

[0165] In some implementations, some RBs in the first guard interval are not used to transmit the reference signal.

[0166] In some implementations, all RBs in the first guard interval are not used to transmit the reference signal.

[0167] In some implementations, whether some or all of the RBs in the first guard interval can be used to transmit reference signals is determined based on one or more conditions (hereinafter referred to as second conditions).

[0168] In some implementations, the second condition may be determined based on one or more of the following: whether the first RB set and the second RB set are continuous; and whether the N RB sets are continuous.

[0169] For example, if the N RB sets are continuous, some or all of the RBs in the first guard interval may be used to transmit reference signals.

[0170] For another example, if the N RB sets are discontinuous, some or all of the RBs in the first guard interval are not used to transmit the reference signal.

[0171] For another example, if the first RB set and the second RB set are continuous, part or all of the RBs in the first guard interval may be used to transmit a reference signal.

[0172] For another example, if the first RB set and the second RB set are not continuous, some or all of the RBs in the first guard interval are not used to transmit the reference signal.

[0173] For another example, if the N RB sets are discontinuous, and the first RB set and the second RB set are contiguous, some or all of the RBs in the first guard interval may be used to transmit reference signals.

[0174] For another example, if the N RB sets are discontinuous, and the first RB set and the second RB set are discontinuous, some or all of the RBs in the first guard interval are not used to transmit reference signals.

[0175] In some implementations, if the RBs within the first guard interval can be used to transmit reference signals, the first RB set, the second RB set, and the frequency domain resources (e.g., RBs) that can be used to transmit reference signals within the first guard interval can be contiguous frequency domain resources. In other words, the RBs belonging to different RB sets can be contiguous.

[0176] In some implementations, if some or all RBs within the first guard interval are not used to transmit reference signals, the frequency domain resources available for transmitting reference signals in the first RB set and the frequency domain resources (e.g., RBs) available for transmitting reference signals in the second RB set are discontinuous. In other words, the RBs belonging to different RB sets are discontinuous.

[0177] The K RB sets mentioned above may be frequency domain resources based on a comb-tooth structure (such as interlaced resource blocks (IRB)) or non-continuous frequency domain resources; or, the K RB sets mentioned above may be frequency domain resources using a continuous RB structure, or may be continuous frequency domain resources.

[0178] The N RB sets mentioned above may be frequency domain resources based on a comb-tooth structure or non-continuous frequency domain resources (such as non-continuous RBs); or, the N RB sets mentioned above may be frequency domain resources using a continuous RB structure, or may be continuous frequency domain resources (such as continuous RBs).

[0179] The frequency domain resources mentioned above that can be used to transmit reference signals can be frequency domain resources based on a comb-tooth structure or non-continuous frequency domain resources (such as non-continuous RBs); or, the frequency domain resources mentioned above that can be used to transmit reference signals can be frequency domain resources using a continuous RB structure, or can be continuous frequency domain resources (such as continuous RBs).

[0180] The frequency domain resources within an RB set mentioned above that can be used to transmit reference signals can be frequency domain resources based on a comb-tooth structure or non-continuous frequency domain resources (such as non-continuous RBs); or, the frequency domain resources within an RB set mentioned above that can be used to transmit reference signals can be frequency domain resources using a continuous RB structure, or can be continuous frequency domain resources (such as continuous RBs).

[0181] When sending a reference signal for sidelink positioning, the embodiment of the present application takes into account both the continuous RB structure and the comb-tooth structure, thereby improving resource utilization efficiency.

[0182] According to the channel access mechanism of the current NR-U and the SL-U that is being discussed and designed, both designs only consider continuous RB sets. If the terminal device finds that the available resources are distributed in discontinuous RB sets during channel monitoring, then it is considered that the channel access process has failed and the transmission cannot be implemented. This greatly reduces the transmission efficiency of the side link. If the side link positioning technology is still considered to be designed in this way (especially if this design is adopted on unlicensed spectrum resources), then the transmission efficiency of the reference signal used for side link positioning will be greatly reduced, the delay of the side link positioning system will be greatly increased, and the system performance will be greatly reduced. Therefore, certain embodiments of the present application not only consider the case of continuous RB sets, but also the case of discontinuous RB sets, and fully consider how fragmented resources should be used, which helps to improve resource utilization efficiency.

[0183] The following describes the embodiments of the present application in more detail with reference to specific examples. It should be noted that the examples of Figures 19 to 24 are merely intended to help those skilled in the art understand the embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application to the specific numerical values ​​or specific scenarios illustrated. It is apparent that those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or changes based on the examples of Figures 19 to 24 provided, and such modifications or changes also fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0184] Example 1

[0185] As shown in Figure 19, the terminal device performs channel monitoring on 4 RB sets, and monitors available transmission resources (i.e., resources that can be used to send reference signals for side link positioning) on ​​3 consecutive RB sets, and channel access is successful.

[0186] Under the premise of meeting the minimum transmission bandwidth requirements of the unlicensed frequency band, the terminal device can use IRB 0 and IRB 1 in RB set 0 / 1 / 2 to send reference signals.

[0187] RB set 0, RB set 1, and RB set 2 are continuous RB sets. Therefore, part or all of the RB resources (IRB resources) within the guard interval 1 and the guard interval 2 can be used to send reference signals.

[0188] Alternatively, (depending on specific configuration, requirements, etc., or based on specific design) all RB resources (IRB resources) within guard interval 1 and guard interval 2 are not used to send reference signals.

[0189] Example 2

[0190] As shown in Figure 20, the terminal device performs channel monitoring on four RB sets and detects available transmission resources (i.e., resources that can be used to transmit reference signals for sidelink positioning) on ​​three of them. Of these three RB sets, RB set 0 and RB set 1 are contiguous, while RB set 1 and RB set 3 are discontiguous.

[0191] Since there is discontinuity between the three RB sets, the terminal device does not send a reference signal on the three RB sets in embodiment 2. Alternatively, it can be considered that the channel access process of the terminal device has failed.

[0192] Example 3

[0193] As shown in Figure 20, the terminal device performs channel monitoring on four RB sets and detects available transmission resources (i.e., resources that can be used to transmit reference signals for sidelink positioning) on ​​three of them. Of these three RB sets, RB set 0 and RB set 1 are contiguous, while RB set 1 and RB set 3 are discontiguous.

[0194] There is discontinuity between the three RB sets, and the terminal device sends reference signals on IRB 0 and IRB 1 on RB sets 0 / 1 / 3.

[0195] RB set 0 and RB set 1 belong to consecutive RB sets, so part or all of the RB resources (IRB resources) within guard interval 1 can be used to send reference signals.

[0196] Alternatively, (depending on specific configuration, requirements, etc., or based on specific design) all RB resources (IRB resources) within the guard interval 1 are not used to send reference signals.

[0197] Furthermore, all RB resources (IRB resources) within the guard interval 2 and the guard interval 3 are not used to send the SL PRS.

[0198] Example 4

[0199] As shown in Figure 21, the terminal device performs channel monitoring on 4 RB sets, monitors available transmission resources (i.e., resources that can be used to send reference signals for side link positioning) on ​​3 consecutive RB sets, and channel access is successful.

[0200] All consecutive RBs in RB set 0 / 1 / 2 are used to send reference signals.

[0201] Part or all of the RB resources (IRB resources) within guard interval 1 and guard interval 2 may be used to send a reference signal.

[0202] Alternatively, (depending on specific configuration, requirements, etc., or based on specific design) all RB resources (IRB resources) within the guard interval 1 are not used to send reference signals.

[0203] Example 5

[0204] As shown in Figure 22, the terminal device performs channel monitoring on 4 RB sets, monitors available transmission resources (i.e., resources that can be used to send reference signals for side link positioning) on ​​3 consecutive RB sets, and channel access is successful.

[0205] Some consecutive RB resources in RB set 0 / 1 / 2 are used to send reference signals.

[0206] Part or all of the RB resources (IRB resources) within guard interval 1 and guard interval 2 may be used to send a reference signal.

[0207] Alternatively, (depending on specific configuration, requirements, etc., or based on specific design) all RB resources (IRB resources) within the guard interval 1 are not used to send reference signals.

[0208] Example 6

[0209] As shown in Figures 23 and 24, the terminal device performs channel monitoring on four RB sets and detects available transmission resources on three of them. RB set 0 and RB set 1 are continuous, and RB set 1 (or RB set 0) and RB set 3 are discontinuous.

[0210] Since there is discontinuity between the three RB sets, the terminal device does not send a reference signal on the three RB sets.

[0211] Alternatively, it can also be considered that the channel access process of the terminal device has failed.

[0212] Example 7

[0213] As shown in Figures 23 and 24, the terminal device performs channel monitoring on four RB sets and monitors available transmission resources on three of them. RB set 0 and RB set 1 are continuous, and RB set 1 (or RB set 0) and RB set 3 are not continuous.

[0214] All or part of the consecutive RBs in RB set 0 / 1 / 3 are used to send reference signals.

[0215] RB set 0 and RB set 1 belong to consecutive RB sets, so part or all of the RB resources (IRB resources) within guard interval 1 can be used to send reference signals.

[0216] Alternatively, (depending on specific configuration, requirements, etc., or based on specific design) all RB resources (IRB resources) within the guard interval 1 are not used to send reference signals.

[0217] All RB resources (IRB resources) within guard interval 2 and guard interval 3 are not used to send reference signals.

[0218] The method embodiment of the present application is described in detail above in conjunction with Figures 1 to 24. The device embodiment of the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with Figures 25 and 26. It should be understood that the description of the method embodiment corresponds to the description of the device embodiment. Therefore, for parts not described in detail, reference can be made to the above method embodiment.

[0219] Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The terminal device of Figure 25 may include a determination module 2510. Determination module 2510 may be configured to determine whether to transmit a reference signal for sidelink positioning based on channel monitoring results of a set of K resource blocks (RBs), where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0220] In some implementations, the determination module 2510 may be used to determine whether to transmit the reference signal based on or not based on the N RB sets if N RB sets among the K RB sets contain frequency domain resources that can be used to transmit the reference signal; wherein N is a positive integer and N is less than or equal to K.

[0221] In some implementations, the N RB sets are contiguous RB sets; or, the N RB sets are discontinuous RB sets.

[0222] In some implementations, the N RB sets being discontinuous RB sets includes: any two RB sets among the N RB sets being discontinuous; or some RB sets among the N RB sets being continuous, and some RB sets among the N RB sets being discontinuous.

[0223] In some implementations, the determining module 2510 may be configured to transmit the reference signal based on the N RB sets if the N RB sets satisfy a first condition.

[0224] In some implementations, the first condition is determined based on one or more of the following: whether the N RB sets are continuous; and whether the frequency domain resources in the N RB sets that can be used to transmit the reference signal meet the requirements of the unlicensed frequency band for the transmission bandwidth ratio or frequency spectrum density.

[0225] In some implementations, the N RB sets include a first RB set and a second RB set, a first protection interval is set between the first RB set and the second RB, and some or all of the RBs within the first protection interval can be used or not used to transmit the reference signal.

[0226] In some implementations, whether the RBs within the first protection interval can be used to transmit the reference signal is determined based on a second condition, and the second condition is determined based on one or more of the following: whether the first RB set and the second RB set are continuous; and whether the N RB sets are continuous.

[0227] In some implementations, the second condition includes: if the N RB sets are continuous, some or all RBs within the first protection interval can be used to transmit the reference signal; or, if the N RB sets are discontinuous, some or all RBs within the first protection interval are not used to transmit the reference signal; or, if the first RB set and the second RB set are continuous, some or all RBs within the first protection interval can be used to transmit the reference signal; or, if the first RB set and the second RB set are discontinuous, some or all RBs within the first protection interval are not used to transmit the reference signal; or, if the N RB sets are discontinuous and the first RB set and the second RB set are continuous, some or all RBs within the first protection interval can be used to transmit the reference signal; or, if the N RB sets are discontinuous and the first RB set and the second RB set are discontinuous, some or all RBs within the first protection interval are not used to transmit the reference signal.

[0228] In some implementations, the RBs within the first guard interval can be used to transmit the reference signal, and the first RB set, the second RB set, and the frequency domain resources within the first guard interval that can be used to transmit the reference signal are continuous frequency domain resources.

[0229] In some implementations, the frequency domain resources in one RB set among the N RB sets that can be used to transmit the reference signal are continuous frequency domain resources.

[0230] In some implementations, the frequency domain resources that can be used to transmit the reference signal include one or more of the following: frequency domain resources based on a comb-tooth structure; and non-continuous frequency domain resources.

[0231] In some implementations, the determination module 2510 may further be used to: determine not to transmit the reference signal if channel access to M RB sets among the K RB sets fails; wherein M is a positive integer and M is less than or equal to K.

[0232] In some implementations, the reference signal is a SL PRS; or, the reference signal is a SL-U PRS.

[0233] In some implementations, the K RB sets are RB sets in an unlicensed frequency band.

[0234] Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application. The dashed lines in Figure 26 indicate that the unit or module is optional. Apparatus 2600 may be used to implement the method described in the above method embodiment. Apparatus 2600 may be a chip or a terminal device.

[0235] The device 2600 may include one or more processors 2610. The processor 2610 may support the device 2600 to implement the method described in the method embodiment above. The processor 2610 may be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor. For example, the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU). Alternatively, the processor may be another general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor, etc.

[0236] The apparatus 2600 may further include one or more memories 2620. The memories 2620 store programs that can be executed by the processor 2610, causing the processor 2610 to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments. The memories 2620 may be independent of the processor 2610 or integrated into the processor 2610.

[0237] The apparatus 2600 may further include a transceiver 2630. The processor 2610 may communicate with other devices or chips via the transceiver 2630. For example, the processor 2610 may transmit and receive data with other devices or chips via the transceiver 2630.

[0238] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a program. The computer-readable storage medium can be applied to a terminal device provided in the present invention, and the program enables a computer to execute the method performed by the terminal device in each embodiment of the present invention.

[0239] The present application also provides a computer program product. The computer program product includes a program. The computer program product can be applied to the terminal device provided in the present application, and the program causes a computer to execute the method performed by the terminal device in each embodiment of the present application.

[0240] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program. The computer program can be applied to the terminal device provided in the embodiments of the present application, and the computer program enables a computer to execute the method executed by the terminal device in each embodiment of the present application.

[0241] It should be understood that the terms "system" and "network" in this application can be used interchangeably. In addition, the terms used in this application are only used to explain the specific embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. The terms "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish different objects rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0242] In the embodiments of this application, the term "indication" may refer to a direct indication, an indirect indication, or an indication of an association. For example, "A indicates B" may refer to a direct indication of B, e.g., B can obtain information through A; it may refer to an indirect indication of B, e.g., A indicates C, e.g., B can obtain information through C; or it may refer to an association between A and B.

[0243] In the embodiment of the present application, "B corresponding to A" means that B is associated with A and B can be determined based on A. However, it should be understood that determining B based on A does not mean determining B based solely on A, but B can also be determined based on A and / or other information.

[0244] In the embodiments of the present application, the term "corresponding" may indicate a direct or indirect correspondence between the two, or an association relationship between the two, or a relationship between indication and indication, configuration and configuration, etc.

[0245] In the embodiments of the present application, "pre-definition" or "pre-configuration" may be implemented by pre-storing corresponding codes, tables, or other methods that can be used to indicate relevant information in a device (e.g., a terminal device and a network device). The present application does not limit the specific implementation method. For example, pre-definition may refer to information defined in a protocol.

[0246] In the embodiments of the present application, the “protocol” may refer to a standard protocol in the communications field, for example, it may include an LTE protocol, an NR protocol, and related protocols used in future communication systems, and the present application does not limit this.

[0247] In the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is simply a description of the association relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0248] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center via a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) method. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be read by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrated therein. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a digital versatile disc (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (eg, a solid state disk (SSD)).

[0249] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for side transmission, characterized in that include: The terminal device determines whether to transmit a reference signal for sidelink positioning according to a channel monitoring result of the K resource block RB sets; Wherein, K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The terminal device determines whether to transmit a reference signal for sidelink positioning according to a channel monitoring result of K RB sets, including: If N RB sets among the K RB sets include frequency domain resources that can be used to transmit the reference signal, the terminal device determines whether to transmit the reference signal based on or not based on the N RB sets; Wherein, N is a positive integer, and N is less than or equal to K.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The N RB sets are continuous RB sets; or, The N RB sets are discontinuous RB sets.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The N RB sets are discontinuous RB sets including: Any two RB sets among the N RB sets are not continuous; or Some of the N RB sets are continuous, and some of the N RB sets are discontinuous.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The terminal device determines whether to transmit the reference signal based on or not based on the N RB sets, including: If the N RB sets satisfy the first condition, the terminal device transmits the reference signal based on the N RB sets.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The first condition is determined based on one or more of the following: Whether the N RB sets are continuous; and Whether the frequency domain resources in the N RB sets that can be used to transmit the reference signal meet the requirements of the unlicensed frequency band on the transmission bandwidth ratio or frequency spectrum density.

7. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The N RB sets include a first RB set and a second RB set, a first protection interval is set between the first RB set and the second RB, and some or all of the RBs in the first protection interval can be used or not used to transmit the reference signal.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that Whether the RB in the first guard interval can be used to transmit the reference signal is determined based on a second condition, where the second condition is determined based on one or more of the following: Whether the first RB set and the second RB set are continuous; and Whether the N RB sets are continuous.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The second condition includes: If the N RB sets are continuous, part or all of the RBs in the first guard interval may be used to transmit the reference signal; or, If the N RB sets are not continuous, some or all of the RBs in the first protection interval are not used to transmit the reference signal; or, If the first RB set and the second RB set are continuous, part or all of the RBs in the first guard interval may be used to transmit the reference signal; or, If the first RB set and the second RB set are not continuous, part or all of the RBs in the first protection interval are not used to transmit the reference signal; or, If the N RB sets are not continuous, and the first RB set and the second RB set are continuous, part or all of the RBs in the first protection interval may be used to transmit the reference signal; or, If the N RB sets are not continuous, and the first RB set and the second RB set are not continuous, part or all of the RBs in the first guard interval are not used to transmit the reference signal.

10. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: The RBs in the first guard interval can be used to transmit the reference signal, and the frequency domain resources that can be used to transmit the reference signal in the first RB set, the second RB set, and the first guard interval are continuous frequency domain resources.

11. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that: The frequency domain resources in one RB set among the N RB sets that can be used to transmit the reference signal are continuous frequency domain resources.

12. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 11, characterized in that: The frequency domain resources that can be used to transmit the reference signal include one or more of the following: Frequency domain resources based on comb structure; and Non-contiguous frequency domain resources.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that The method further comprises: If channel access to M RB sets among the K RB sets fails, the terminal device determines not to transmit the reference signal; Wherein, M is a positive integer, and M is less than or equal to K.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that The reference signal is a sidelink positioning reference signal SL PRS; or, the reference signal is a sidelink unlicensed positioning reference signal SL-U PRS.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that The K RB sets are RB sets in an unlicensed frequency band.

16. A terminal device, characterized in that: include: A determination module, used to determine whether to transmit a reference signal for sidelink positioning according to a channel monitoring result of K resource block RB sets; Wherein, K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

17. The terminal device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The determination module is used for: If N RB sets among the K RB sets include frequency domain resources that can be used to transmit the reference signal, determine whether to transmit the reference signal based on or not based on the N RB sets; Wherein, N is a positive integer, and N is less than or equal to K.

18. The terminal device according to claim 17, characterized in that: The N RB sets are continuous RB sets; or, The N RB sets are discontinuous RB sets.

19. The terminal device according to claim 18, characterized in that: The N RB sets are discontinuous RB sets including: Any two RB sets among the N RB sets are not continuous; or Some of the N RB sets are continuous, and some of the N RB sets are discontinuous.

20. The terminal device according to claim 17, characterized in that: The determination module is used for: If the N RB sets satisfy a first condition, transmitting the reference signal based on the N RB sets.

21. The terminal device according to claim 20, characterized in that: The first condition is determined based on one or more of the following: Whether the N RB sets are continuous; and Whether the frequency domain resources in the N RB sets that can be used to transmit the reference signal meet the requirements of the unlicensed frequency band on the transmission bandwidth ratio or frequency spectrum density.

22. The terminal device according to any one of claims 17 to 21, characterized in that: The N RB sets include a first RB set and a second RB set, a first protection interval is set between the first RB set and the second RB, and some or all of the RBs in the first protection interval can be used or not used to transmit the reference signal.

23. The terminal device according to claim 22, characterized in that: Whether the RB in the first guard interval can be used to transmit the reference signal is determined based on a second condition, where the second condition is determined based on one or more of the following: Whether the first RB set and the second RB set are continuous; and Whether the N RB sets are continuous.

24. The terminal device according to claim 23, characterized in that: The second condition includes: If the N RB sets are continuous, part or all of the RBs in the first guard interval may be used to transmit the reference signal; or, If the N RB sets are not continuous, some or all of the RBs in the first protection interval are not used to transmit the reference signal; or, If the first RB set and the second RB set are continuous, part or all of the RBs in the first guard interval may be used to transmit the reference signal; or, If the first RB set and the second RB set are not continuous, part or all of the RBs in the first protection interval are not used to transmit the reference signal; or, If the N RB sets are not continuous, and the first RB set and the second RB set are continuous, part or all of the RBs in the first protection interval may be used to transmit the reference signal; or, If the N RB sets are not continuous, and the first RB set and the second RB set are not continuous, part or all of the RBs in the first guard interval are not used to transmit the reference signal.

25. The terminal device according to any one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that: The RBs in the first guard interval can be used to transmit the reference signal, and the frequency domain resources that can be used to transmit the reference signal in the first RB set, the second RB set, and the first guard interval are continuous frequency domain resources.

26. The terminal device according to any one of claims 17 to 25, characterized in that: The frequency domain resources in one RB set among the N RB sets that can be used to transmit the reference signal are continuous frequency domain resources.

27. The terminal device according to any one of claims 17 to 26, characterized in that: The frequency domain resources that can be used to transmit the reference signal include one or more of the following: Frequency domain resources based on comb structure; and Non-contiguous frequency domain resources.

28. The terminal device according to any one of claims 16 to 27, characterized in that: The determining module is also used for: If channel access to M RB sets among the K RB sets fails, determining not to transmit the reference signal; Wherein, M is a positive integer, and M is less than or equal to K.

29. The terminal device according to any one of claims 16 to 28, characterized in that: The reference signal is a sidelink positioning reference signal SL PRS; or, the reference signal is a sidelink unlicensed positioning reference signal SL-U PRS.

30. The terminal device according to any one of claims 16 to 29, characterized in that: The K RB sets are RB sets in an unlicensed frequency band.

31. A terminal device, characterized in that: The terminal comprises a transceiver, a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store programs, and the processor is used to call the programs in the memory and control the transceiver to receive or send signals, so that the terminal executes the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 15.

32. A device, characterized in that: The device comprises a processor, configured to call a program from a memory so as to enable the device to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

33. A chip, characterized in that: The device comprises a processor, which is used to call a program from a memory so that a device equipped with the chip executes a method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 15.

34. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: A program is stored thereon, and the program enables a computer to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

35. A computer program product, characterized in that The method comprises a program which causes a computer to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

36. A computer program, characterized in that The computer program enables a computer to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

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