Friction stir welding device and method capable of cleaning weld joints in self-adaptive mode

Abstract

The invention relates to a friction stir welding device and method for cleaning a welding seam, and belongs to the technical field of friction stir welding. Comprising a friction stir welding module, a self-adaptive cleaning device module and a transmission device module, and the friction stir welding module is connected with the self-adaptive cleaning device module through the transmission device module. The method aims at solving the problems that when welding is conducted in the extreme environment, workpieces are affected by dust, oil dirt and the corrosion environment, the cleanliness of weld joints is difficult to keep, and plates on the two sides are prone to unequal thickness due to the influence of plate machining precision; after self-adaptive cleaning is carried out on the welding seam, high-quality welding of the welding seam can be achieved by filling the material to make up for material deficiency; and weld joint flash, burr and excess weld metal can be synchronously removed after welding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a friction stir welding device and a method for cleaning a weld, belonging to the technical field of friction stir welding. Background Art

[0002] As a solid phase welding technology, friction stir welding effectively avoids the problems of thermal cracks, pores and large deformation in traditional fusion welding, and has the advantages of high weld quality, small welding deformation, green and pollution-free welding process and high degree of automation. At present, it has gradually been industrialized and applied in aerospace, rail transportation, shipbuilding and other industries.

[0003] During the friction stir welding process, the high-speed rotating stirring head penetrates into the welding starting position of the workpiece at a certain speed and undergoes intense friction and stirring deformation with it. The metal material in the stirring zone undergoes intense plastic deformation, and the surrounding temperature rises rapidly to reach a thermoplastic state. Subsequently, the softened material will flow or migrate regularly during the rotation and forward movement of the stirring head: on the front side of the stirring head's moving direction, the plastic metal continuously migrates from the forward side of the stirring zone to the backward side of the stirring zone. On the rear side of the stirring head's moving direction, the plastic metal continuously migrates from the backward side to the forward side to fill the instantaneous cavity left by the forward movement of the stirring needle. Before friction stir welding, in order to ensure the welding quality, it is usually necessary to grind the butt weld. However, in extreme environments, after the workpiece is clamped, it is difficult to maintain the cleanliness of the weld due to dust, oil and corrosive environment. The oil and dust in the weld are bound to have an adverse effect on the performance of the joint. At the same time, when there are errors in the plate processing accuracy and processing deformation problems, the plates on both sides are prone to unequal thickness, the travel resistance of the stirring needle on both sides is inconsistent during welding, and the heat input is uneven, resulting in uneven joint structure and poor performance. And when welding defects occur in the weld in actual production, the defects are often repaired by grinding off and then fusion welding, which will bring hidden dangers of metallurgical defects.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to propose a stir friction welding device and method for adaptively cleaning welds to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, a stir friction welding device and method for adaptively cleaning welds are provided. A brief overview of the invention is given below to provide a basic understanding of certain aspects of the invention. It should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive overview of the invention. It is not intended to identify the key or important parts of the invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0007] A friction stir welding device for adaptively cleaning welds comprises a friction stir welding module, an adaptive cleaning device module and a transmission device module. The friction stir welding module is connected to the adaptive cleaning device module via the transmission device module.

[0008] Preferably: the transmission device module comprises a driving gear and a driven gear, the driving gear meshes with the driven gear; the driven gear is rotatably connected to the main shaft stator through a shaft with a bearing, and the driving gear is key-connected to the main shaft rotor;

[0009] The friction stir welding module includes a stirring head, which is coaxially connected with the driving gear;

[0010] The adaptive cleaning device module includes a milling cutter and a driven gear that are coaxially connected.

[0011] Preferably: the adaptive cleaning device module also includes a clamping sleeve, a ball screw, a servo motor and a second fastening screw, one end of the clamping sleeve is connected to the driven gear, the side of the clamping sleeve is connected to the ball screw, an upper clamping portion of the milling cutter is arranged in the clamping sleeve, the second fastening screw passes through the second threaded hole on the side of the clamping sleeve to tighten the milling plane of the upper clamping portion of the milling cutter, and the servo motor is connected to the ball screw.

[0012] Preferably: the ball screw includes a threaded shaft, a ball nut, a ball, a reverser, a slider, a rotating nut, a mounting seat and a bearing seat, the upper end of the mounting seat is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the driven gear, the mounting seat is connected to one end of the threaded shaft through the upper bearing seat, a slideway is arranged on the side of the mounting seat, the lower part of the mounting seat is connected to the servo motor, the middle part of the threaded shaft is threadedly connected to the ball nut, the ball rolls on the guide groove between the threaded shaft and the ball nut, the other end of the threaded shaft is connected to the output end of the servo motor, the reverser is connected to the threaded shaft, the reverser is threadedly connected to the ball nut, the ball nut is connected to the sliders on both sides, the slider is slidably connected to the slideway, and the slider is fixedly connected to the clamping sleeve.

[0013] Preferably: the friction stir welding module also includes a stationary shoulder, a first fastening screw and a sleeve, the stationary shoulder is fixedly connected to the main shaft stator, the upper end of the sleeve is coaxially fixedly connected to the main shaft rotor or the driving gear, the sleeve is connected to the stirring head through the first fastening screw, and the stirring head is installed on the stationary shoulder.

[0014] Preferably, the stirring head comprises a clamping portion, a screw groove portion and a tapered threaded needle, wherein the clamping portion, the screw groove portion and the tapered threaded needle are integrally connected in sequence from top to bottom, the clamping portion is inserted into the inner cavity of the sleeve from the lower part of the sleeve, and the first fastening screw passes through the first threaded hole on the side of the sleeve to tighten the milling plane of the clamping portion;

[0015] The upper part of the stationary shoulder is provided with a clamping part, and the lower side wall of the stationary shoulder is processed with an air supply hole and an air blowing hole, which are connected through a spiral pipe in the lower side wall of the stationary shoulder. The bottom horizontal end face of the stationary shoulder is the shoulder, and the lower side wall of the stationary shoulder is also processed with a feeding hole. The spiral pipe is not connected with the interior of the stationary shoulder, and the feeding hole is connected with the interior of the stationary shoulder. The screw groove part is arranged in the stationary shoulder, and the tapered thread needle is arranged at the lower outer part of the stationary shoulder, and normal temperature gas can be introduced into the spiral pipe for heat exchange and cooling, and the air blowing hole is a gas outlet inclined downward.

[0016] Preferably: it also includes a stationary sleeve and a third fastening screw, the stationary sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the sleeve and the driving gear of the transmission device module, the lower end of the stationary sleeve is bolted or fixedly connected to the clamping part of the stationary shoulder, and the upper end of the stationary sleeve is connected to the main shaft stator through the third fastening screw.

[0017] Preferably: it also includes a wire feeding mechanism module, the wire feeding mechanism module includes a wire feeder and wire material, and the wire feeder feeds the wire material into the feeding hole.

[0018] A friction stir welding method for self-adaptively cleaning weld seams, using the friction stir welding device for self-adaptively cleaning weld seams, comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: When welding starts, the spindle mover starts to rotate, and the driving gear keeps the synchronous running frequency. At this time, the driving gear drives the driven gear to start rotating;

[0020] At the same time, the symmetrical servo motors on both sides of the adaptive cleaning device module control the rotation of the threaded shaft. As the ball rolls, the ball nut drives the slider to move linearly along the slideway of the mounting seat, driving the clamping sleeve to move axially, and the milling cutter begins to move downward into the weld for grinding; after reaching the specified position, the spindle begins to move horizontally along the welding direction;

[0021] Step 2, when the stirring head reaches the welding starting position axially, the spindle stops moving horizontally and starts to control the stirring head to press down. At the same time, the servo motors symmetrical on both sides of the adaptive cleaning device start to control the thread axis to move in the opposite direction, and control the clamping sleeve to move upward, that is, keep the end face of the milling cutter the same as the end face of the milling cutter in step 1;

[0022] Step 3: When the tapered thread needle of the stirring head penetrates into the workpiece and the shoulder plane contacts the workpiece surface, the wire feeding mechanism module starts to feed the wire, and the wire feeder feeds the wire from the feeding hole of the stationary shoulder at a set speed; then the wire contacts the screw groove of the high-speed rotating stirring head and is sheared into fine particles, and the fine particles flow downward along the screw groove in cooperation with the stationary shoulder;

[0023] Step 4: Then the spindle starts to move horizontally along the welding direction, the wire is continuously fed, and the screw groove continuously transports the thermoplastic material downward. Under the stirring and rolling of the stirring head and the stationary shoulder, the material filling and the welding of the workpiece are finally achieved.

[0024] Preferably: it also includes step five, when welding is completed, the stirring head is lifted and separated from the workpiece; the adaptive cleaning device module keeps the end face of the milling cutter stationary through the servo motor, and the spindle drives the adaptive cleaning device module to move horizontally to mill the weld flash, burrs and excess height to complete the post-processing of the weld.

[0025] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The present invention breaks through the limitation that the weld needs to be polished to remove oil and rust before friction stir welding, and can perform friction stir welding in extreme environments, thereby ensuring welding quality; after welding, the weld flash, burrs and excess height can be removed synchronously according to actual production needs, thereby improving welding production efficiency;

[0027] 2. The present invention can realize high-quality welding of workpieces with unequal thickness on both sides of the weld due to low plate processing accuracy and reuse of failed parts in a corrosive environment, effectively reducing production costs;

[0028] 3. The device of the present invention can realize the simultaneous material filling and welding, and the filling material is squeezed out from the inside of the shaft shoulder to avoid the lack of filling material; at the same time, the weld is not thinned after friction stir welding, which increases the bearing area of ​​the joint and improves the strength of the joint;

[0029] 4. The present invention has a wide range of applications and can be used to eliminate defects after welding of aluminum and aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, copper alloys, titanium alloys and composite materials, avoiding problems such as pores, thermal cracks and inclusions caused by traditional fusion welding repairs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a friction stir welding device for adaptively cleaning welds according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the friction stir welding module of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the adaptive cleaning device described in the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1-friction stir welding module, 101-stirring head, 102-stationary shoulder, 103-fastening screw, 10101-clamping part, 10102-screw groove part, 10103-tapered thread needle, 10201-clamping part, 10202-feeding port, 10203-shoulder, 10204-air supply hole, 10205-air blowing hole, 2-adaptive cleaning device module, 201-milling cutter, 202-clamping sleeve, 203-ball screw, 2 04-servo motor, 20301-threaded shaft, 20302-ball nut, 20303-ball, 20304-reverser, 20305-slider, 20306-rotating nut, 20307-mounting seat, 20308-bearing seat, 3-wire feeding mechanism module, 301-wire feeding machine, 302-wire material, 4-transmission device module, 401-driving gear, 402-driven gear, 5-sleeve, 6-stationary sleeve, 601-fastening screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described below by the specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, the description of well-known structures and technologies is omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concept of the present invention.

[0035] Specific implementation method 1: Combination Figure 1-3 The present embodiment is described. A friction stir welding device for adaptively cleaning welds in the present embodiment comprises a friction stir welding module 1, an adaptive cleaning device module 2 and a transmission device module 4. The friction stir welding module 1 is connected to the adaptive cleaning device module 2 via the transmission device module 4.

[0036] The transmission device module 4 includes a driving gear 401 and a driven gear 402, the driving gear 401 is meshed with the driven gear 402; the driven gear 402 is rotatably connected to the main shaft stator through a shaft with a bearing, and the driving gear 401 is key-connected to the main shaft rotor;

[0037] The friction stir welding module 1 includes a stirring head 101, and the stirring head 101 is coaxially connected with the driving gear 401;

[0038] The adaptive cleaning device module 2 includes a milling cutter 201 and a driven gear 402 that are coaxially connected; the size of the milling cutter 201 is adjustable, and the optional size is 1-5 mm; it can achieve high-quality welding of workpieces with unequal thickness on both sides of the weld due to low plate processing accuracy and reuse of failed parts in a corrosive environment, effectively reducing production costs;

[0039] The end of the spindle mechanical arm includes a spindle rotor and a spindle stator, the spindle rotor is connected to the output end of the motor, the spindle stator can be the housing of the mechanical arm, the motor is fixedly connected to the housing of the mechanical arm, and the spindle rotor is rotatably connected to the mechanical arm through a bearing;

[0040] The adaptive cleaning device module 2 also includes a clamping sleeve 202, a ball screw 203, a servo motor 204 and a second fastening screw 205. One end of the clamping sleeve 202 is connected to the driven gear 402, and the side of the clamping sleeve 202 is connected to the ball screw 203. The clamping sleeve 202 is provided with an upper clamping portion of the milling cutter 201. The second fastening screw 205 passes through the second threaded hole on the side of the clamping sleeve 202 to tighten the milling plane of the upper clamping portion of the milling cutter 201. The servo motor 204 is connected to the ball screw 203 to achieve a detachable connection of the milling cutter 201, which is convenient for maintenance and replacement. The number of ball screws 203 is two groups, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping sleeve 202, and the structure is firm and the operation is stable.

[0041] The ball screw 203 includes a threaded shaft 20301, a ball nut 20302, a ball 20303, a reverser 20304, a slider 20305, a rotating nut 20306, a mounting seat 20307 and a bearing seat 20308. The upper end of the mounting seat 20307 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the driven gear 402. The mounting seat 20307 is connected to both ends of the threaded shaft 20301 through the upper bearing seat 20308. A slideway is provided on the side of the mounting seat 20307. The lower part of the mounting seat 20307 is connected to the servo motor 204. The first end of the threaded shaft 20301 is connected to the ball nut 20302 by threading, the ball 20303 rolls on the guide groove between the threaded shaft 20301 and the ball nut 20302, the other end of the threaded shaft 20301 is connected to the output end of the servo motor 204 through the rotating nut 20306, the reverser 20304 is connected to the threaded shaft 20301, the reverser 20304 is connected to the ball nut 20302 by threading, the ball nut 20302 is connected to the sliders 20305 on both sides, the slider 20305 is slidably connected to the slideway, and the slider 20305 is fixedly connected to the clamping sleeve 202 to realize lifting;

[0042] The friction stir welding module 1 also includes a stationary shoulder 102, a first fastening screw 103 and a sleeve 5, the stationary shoulder 102 is fixedly connected to the main shaft stator, the upper end of the sleeve 5 is coaxially fixedly connected to the main shaft rotor or the driving gear 401, the sleeve 5 is connected to the stirring head 101 through the first fastening screw 103, and the stirring head 101 is installed with the stationary shoulder 102;

[0043] The stirring head 101 includes a clamping portion 10101, a screw groove portion 10102 and a tapered threaded needle 10103, which are coaxially connected in sequence from top to bottom. The clamping portion 10101 is inserted into the inner cavity of the sleeve 5 from the lower part of the sleeve 5, and the first fastening screw 103 passes through the first threaded hole on the side of the sleeve to tighten the milling plane of the clamping portion 10101 to achieve a detachable connection, that is, the fastening screw 103 is threadedly connected to the first threaded hole pipe, and the tapered threaded needle 10103 is connected to the first threaded hole pipe. The conical thread needle 10103 is a truncated cone, and the screw groove part 10102 and the conical thread needle 10103 are both provided with threads of the same direction, so as to facilitate the downward discharge of the material; the screw groove part 10102 is the wire shearing part, and when the wire feeding mechanism 301 feeds the wire 302 from the stationary shoulder feeding hole 10202, the high-speed rotating stirring needle 101 shears the wire 302 into small particles; the plane size of the end of the conical thread stirring needle 10103 is 1.5-2 times the size of the milling cutter 201, which can ensure that the stirring needle stirs the workpiece material;

[0044] The upper part of the stationary shoulder 102 has a clamping part 10201, and the lower side wall of the stationary shoulder 102 is processed with an air supply hole 10204 and an air blowing hole 10205, and the air supply hole 10204 and the air blowing hole 10205 are connected through a spiral pipe in the lower side wall of the stationary shoulder 102. The bottom horizontal end surface of the stationary shoulder 102 is a shoulder 10203, and the shoulder 10203 is located at the bottom of the stationary shoulder 102. A flat surface or an inner concave surface can be selected to constrain the plastic material. The lower side wall of the stationary shoulder 102 is also processed with a feeding hole 10202, and the spiral pipe is not connected to the inside of the stationary shoulder 102. The feeding hole 10202 is connected to the inside of the stationary shoulder 102. The screw groove part 10102 is coaxially arranged in the stationary shoulder 102, and the gap between the stirring head 101 and the stationary shoulder 102 The diameter of the conical thread needle 10103 is 0.1-0.2mm. The conical thread needle 10103 is arranged at the lower part of the outer side of the static shoulder 102, and the normal temperature gas can be introduced into the spiral pipe for heat exchange and cooling. At the same time, the blowing hole 10205 is a gas outlet inclined downward from the inlet (upper) to the outlet (lower). The air supply hole 10204 is connected to the air pump through a hose. The blowing hole 10205 is arranged on the forward side and is arranged corresponding to the weld. The airflow flowing out of the blowing hole 10205 blows the debris generated by the milling cutter 201 out of the weld, keeps the cleanliness of the weld, and improves the welding quality; the air supply hole 10204 is a gas inlet, and the gas is fed into the air supply hole during welding to cool the static shoulder; the blowing hole 10205 is a gas outlet, which is used to blow the aluminum chips milled off by the milling cutter out of the weld to keep the cleanliness of the weld.

[0045] It also includes a stationary sleeve 6 and a third fastening screw 601, the stationary sleeve 6 is sleeved on the sleeve 5 and the outer side of the driving gear 401 of the transmission device module 4, the lower end of the stationary sleeve 6 is bolted or fixedly connected to the clamping portion 10201 of the stationary shoulder 102, and the upper end of the stationary sleeve 6 is connected to the main shaft stator through the third fastening screw 601;

[0046] It also includes a wire feeding mechanism module 3, which includes a wire feeder 301 and a wire 302. The wire feeder 301 feeds the wire 302 into the feeding hole 10202; the feeding port 10202 is an entrance for the wire feeding mechanism module 3 to feed the wire 302 into the interior of the stationary shaft shoulder 102; the wire feeding speed can be precisely adjusted, and the wire includes aluminum and aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, copper alloys, titanium alloys and composite materials, etc.;

[0047] The present invention aims to solve the problem that the weld cleanliness is difficult to maintain due to the influence of dust, oil pollution and corrosive environment on the workpiece during welding in extreme environments, and the thickness of the plates on both sides is easily unequal due to the influence of the plate processing accuracy. After the weld is adaptively cleaned, high-quality welding of the weld can be achieved by filling the missing material with filling materials. After welding, the weld flash, burrs and excess height can be removed synchronously.

[0048] Specific implementation method 2: Combination Figure 1-3 The present embodiment is described. The present embodiment is an adaptive cleaning weld friction stir welding method, which uses an adaptive cleaning weld friction stir welding device, including a friction stir welding module 1, an adaptive cleaning device module 2, a wire feeding mechanism module 3, a transmission device module 4, a sleeve 5 and a stationary sleeve 6.

[0049] The stationary sleeve 6 is connected to the main shaft stator by a fastening screw 601, and the transmission device module 4 is connected to the main shaft stator by a fastening screw. The connection mode of the three from top to bottom is the main shaft stator, the transmission device module 4 and the stationary sleeve 6; the upper part of the driving gear 401 in the transmission device module 4 is connected to the main shaft rotor, the lower part of the driving gear 401 is connected to the sleeve 5, and the upper part of the stirring head is connected to the lower end of the sleeve 5; the lower part of the driven gear 402 is connected to the adaptive cleaning device module 2; the friction stir welding module 1 The invention comprises a stirring head 101 and a stationary shoulder 102; the stirring head is composed of a clamping part 10101, a screw groove part 10102 and a tapered thread needle 10103; the clamping part is provided with a milling plane, and is connected to the sleeve 5 by a fastening screw 103; the screw groove part 10102 is a wire shearing part, when the wire feeding mechanism 301 feeds the wire 302 from the stationary shoulder feeding hole 10202, the high-speed rotating stirring needle 101 shears the wire 302 into small particles; the tapered thread stirring The plane size of the end of the needle 10103 is 1.5-2 times the size of the milling cutter 201, which can ensure that the stirring needle stirs the workpiece material; the stationary shoulder 102 is composed of a clamping part 10201, a feeding port 10202, a shoulder 10203, an air delivery hole 10204 and a blowing hole 10205; the stationary shoulder 102 is connected to the stationary sleeve 6 by a locking nut, and the gap between the stirring head 101 and the stationary shoulder 102 is 0.1-0.2mm; the feeding port 10202 is a wire feeding mechanism mold Block 3 feeds the wire 302 into the entrance inside the static shoulder 102; the shoulder 10203 is located at the bottom of the static shoulder 102, and can be a flat surface or an inner concave surface for constraining the plastic material; the air supply hole 10204 is a gas supply inlet, and gas is supplied from the air supply hole during welding to cool the static shoulder; the air blowing hole 10205 is a gas outlet, which is used to blow aluminum chips milled by the milling cutter out of the weld to maintain the cleanliness of the weld; the size of the milling cutter 201 is adjustable, and the optional size is 1-5mm;

[0050] The adaptive cleaning device module 2 is composed of a milling cutter 201, a clamping sleeve 202, a ball screw 203 and a servo motor 204. The driven gear 402 can drive the adaptive cleaning device 2 to rotate together; the milling cutter 201 is connected to the clamping sleeve 202 by a fastening screw 205; the ball screw 203 is composed of a threaded shaft 20301, a ball nut 20302, a ball 20303, a reverser 20304, a slider 20305 and a rotating nut 20306; the ball 20303 rolls on the guide groove between the threaded shaft 20301 and the ball nut 20302; the slider 20305 and the ball nut 203 02 is connected, and the rolling of the ball 20303 drives the slider 20305 to realize axial movement; the servo motor 204 drives the rotating nut 20306 to rotate and then controls the screw to rotate, and the ball screw 203 converts the rotational motion into linear motion, realizes the axial movement of the clamping sleeve 202, and then realizes the axial movement of the stirring needle 101; the wire feeding mechanism module 3 includes a wire feeder 301 and a wire 302; the wire feeder 301 can feed the wire 302 from the feeding port 10202 into the stationary shaft shoulder 102, and the wire feeding speed can be accurately adjusted; the wire includes aluminum and aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, copper alloys, titanium alloys and composite materials, etc.;

[0051] The method comprises the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: When welding starts, the main shaft mover starts to rotate, and the driving gear 401 maintains a synchronous operating frequency. At this time, the driving gear 401 drives the driven gear 402 to start rotating; through the transmission device module 4, the stir friction welding module 1 and the adaptive cleaning device module 2 can be driven at the same time, with ingenious design, compact structure and high energy utilization rate;

[0053] At the same time, the symmetrical servo motors 204 on both sides of the adaptive cleaning device module 2 control the threaded shaft 20301 to rotate. As the ball 20303 rolls, the ball nut 20302 drives the slider 20305 to move linearly along the slideway of the mounting seat 20307, ​​driving the clamping sleeve 202 to move axially, and the milling cutter 201 starts to move downward into the weld for grinding; after reaching the specified position, the spindle starts to move horizontally along the welding direction;

[0054] Step 2, when the stirring head 101 reaches the welding starting position axially, the spindle stops moving horizontally, starts to control the stirring head 101 to press down, and at the same time, the servo motors 204 symmetrical on both sides of the adaptive cleaning device 2 start to control the threaded shaft 20301 to move in opposite directions, and control the clamping sleeve 202 to move upward, that is, keep the end face of the milling cutter 201 the same as the end face of the milling cutter 201 in step 1; by lifting and lowering the adaptive cleaning device module 2 and replacing the milling cutter 201, not only the grinding depth but also the grinding size can be controlled, and the adaptive coordination of the stir friction welding module 1 and the adaptive cleaning device module 2 can also be achieved through lifting and lowering;

[0055] Step 3, when the tapered threaded needle 10103 of the stirring head 101 penetrates into the workpiece and the shoulder 10203 plane contacts the workpiece surface, the wire feeding mechanism module 3 starts to feed the wire 302, and the wire feeder 301 feeds the wire 302 from the position of the feeding hole 10202 of the stationary shoulder 102 at a set speed; then the wire 302 contacts the screw groove portion 10102 of the high-speed rotating stirring head 101 and is sheared into fine particles, and the fine particles flow downward along the screw groove portion 10102 under the cooperation of the screw groove portion 10102 and the stationary shoulder 102; at the same time, the air pump is started for ventilation, and the airflow out of the blowing hole 10205 blows the debris generated by the milling cutter 201 out of the weld, that is, the gas is fed in from the air feeding hole and flows along the internal flow channel (spiral pipeline) of the stationary shoulder to cool the stationary shoulder. After the gas is blown out from the blowing hole, the aluminum chips milled off by the milling cutter are blown away from the weld to maintain the cleanliness of the weld;

[0056] Step 4: Then the spindle starts to move horizontally along the welding direction, the wire 302 is continuously fed, and the screw groove part 10102 continuously transports the thermoplastic material downward, and the material filling and the workpiece welding are finally realized under the stirring and rolling of the stirring head 101 and the stationary shoulder 102; the material filling and welding can be carried out simultaneously, and the filling material is squeezed out from the inside of the shoulder to avoid the missing of the filling material; at the same time, the weld is not thinned after the friction stir welding, which increases the bearing area of ​​the joint and improves the strength of the joint;

[0057] Step 5. After welding is completed, the stirring head 101 is lifted and separated from the workpiece; the adaptive cleaning device module 2 keeps the end face of the milling cutter 201 stationary through the servo motor, and the spindle drives the adaptive cleaning device module 2 to move horizontally to mill the weld flash, burrs and excess height to complete the post-processing of the weld. The adaptive cleaning device module 2 can perform separate grinding before processing, and can also work synchronously with the stir friction welding module 1 to achieve timely welding and reduce the influence of oxidation on welding. It can also perform milling after welding. It is simple to operate, easy to disassemble, and low in cost.

[0058] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, as long as the technical solutions are not contradictory, they can be arranged and combined, and those skilled in the art can exhaust all possibilities based on the mathematical knowledge of arrangement and combination. Therefore, the present invention will no longer describe the technical solutions after arrangement and combination one by one, but it should be understood that the technical solutions after arrangement and combination have been disclosed by the present invention.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A friction stir welding device for adaptively cleaning welds, characterized in that: The invention comprises a friction stir welding module (1), an adaptive cleaning device module (2) and a transmission device module (4); the friction stir welding module (1) and the adaptive cleaning device module (2) are connected via the transmission device module (4).

2. The friction stir welding device for adaptively cleaning welds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission device module (4) comprises a driving gear (401) and a driven gear (402), wherein the driving gear (401) meshes with the driven gear (402); the driven gear (402) is rotationally connected to the main shaft stator, and the driving gear (401) is connected to the main shaft rotor; The friction stir welding module (1) comprises a stirring head (101), and the stirring head (101) is coaxially connected with a driving gear (401); The adaptive cleaning device module (2) comprises a milling cutter (201) and a driven gear (402) which are coaxially connected.

3. The friction stir welding device for adaptively cleaning welds according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adaptive cleaning device module (2) also includes a clamping sleeve (202), a ball screw (203), a servo motor (204) and a second fastening screw (205); one end of the clamping sleeve (202) is connected to the driven gear (402); the side of the clamping sleeve (202) is connected to the ball screw (203); the upper side of the milling cutter (201) is arranged in the clamping sleeve (202); the second fastening screw (205) passes through a second threaded hole on the side of the clamping sleeve (202) to tighten the milling cutter (201); and the servo motor (204) is connected to the ball screw (203).

4. The friction stir welding device for adaptively cleaning weld seams according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ball screw (203) comprises a threaded shaft (20301), a ball nut (20302), a slider (20305), a mounting seat (20307) and a bearing seat (20308); the upper end of the mounting seat (20307) is fixedly connected to the driven gear (402); the mounting seat (20307) is connected to both ends of the threaded shaft (20301) via the upper bearing seat (20308); and the side of the mounting seat (20307) is provided with A slideway is provided, the lower part of the mounting seat (20307) is connected to the servo motor (204), the middle part of the threaded shaft (20301) is threadedly connected to the ball nut (20302), the other end of the threaded shaft (20301) is connected to the output end of the servo motor (204), the ball nut (20302) is connected to the slider (20305), the slider (20305) is slidably connected to the slideway, and the slider (20305) is connected to the clamping sleeve (202).

5. The friction stir welding device for adaptively cleaning welds according to claim 3, characterized in that: The friction stir welding module (1) also includes a stationary shoulder (102), a first fastening screw (103) and a sleeve (5), wherein the stationary shoulder (102) is connected to the main shaft stator, the upper end of the sleeve (5) is connected to the main shaft rotor or the driving gear (401), the sleeve (5) is connected to the stirring head (101) via the first fastening screw (103), and the stirring head (101) is mounted on the stationary shoulder (102).

6. The friction stir welding device for adaptively cleaning weld seams according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stirring head (101) comprises a clamping portion (10101), a screw groove portion (10102) and a tapered threaded needle (10103), wherein the clamping portion (10101), the screw groove portion (10102) and the tapered threaded needle (10103) are connected in sequence from top to bottom, the clamping portion (10101) is inserted into the inner cavity of the sleeve (5) from the lower portion of the sleeve (5), and the first fastening screw (103) passes through the first threaded hole on the side of the sleeve to tighten the milling plane of the clamping portion (10101); The upper part of the stationary shoulder (102) has a clamping part (10201), and the lower side wall of the stationary shoulder (102) is processed with an air supply hole (10204) and an air blowing hole (10205). The air supply hole (10204) and the air blowing hole (10205) are connected through the two ends of the internal flow channel in the lower side wall of the stationary shoulder (102). The bottom end of the stationary shoulder (102) is the shoulder (10203), and the lower side wall of the stationary shoulder (102) is also processed with a feeding hole (10202). The screw groove part (10102) is arranged in the stationary shoulder (102), and the tapered thread needle (10103) is arranged at the lower outer part of the stationary shoulder (102), and the air blowing hole (10205) is a through hole inclined downward.

7. The friction stir welding device for adaptively cleaning weld seams according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a stationary shaft sleeve (6) and a third fastening screw (601), wherein the stationary shaft sleeve (6) is sleeved on the outside of the sleeve (5) and the transmission device module (4), the lower end of the stationary shaft sleeve (6) is connected to the clamping portion (10201) of the stationary shaft shoulder (102), and the upper end of the stationary shaft sleeve (6) is connected to the main shaft stator via the third fastening screw (601).

8. The friction stir welding device for adaptively cleaning weld seams according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a wire feeding mechanism module (3), which includes a wire feeder (301) and a wire material (302), and the wire feeder (301) feeds the wire material (302) into the feeding hole (10202).

9. A friction stir welding method for adaptively cleaning welds, characterized in that: A friction stir welding device for adaptively cleaning weld seams according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: Step 1: When welding starts, the main shaft mover starts to rotate, and the driving gear (401) drives the driven gear (402) to start rotating; The servo motor (204) of the adaptive cleaning device module (2) controls the threaded shaft (20301) to rotate, and the ball nut (20302) drives the slider (20305) to move linearly along the slideway of the mounting seat (20307), driving the clamping sleeve (202) to move, and the milling cutter (201) starts to move downward into the weld to grind; after reaching the specified position, the spindle starts to move horizontally along the welding direction; Step 2: When the stirring head (101) reaches the welding starting position axially, the main shaft stops horizontal movement and starts to control the stirring head (101) to press down. At the same time, the servo motor (204) of the adaptive cleaning device (2) starts to control the threaded shaft (20301) to move in the opposite direction, and the clamping sleeve (202) moves upward to maintain the end face of the milling cutter (201); Step 3: When the tapered threaded needle (10103) of the stirring head (101) penetrates into the workpiece and the shoulder (10203) plane contacts the workpiece surface, the wire feeding mechanism module (3) starts to feed the wire (302), and the wire feeder (301) feeds the wire (302) from the feeding hole (10202) of the stationary shoulder (102) at a set speed; then the wire (302) contacts the high-speed rotating stirring head (101) and is sheared into fine particles, and the fine particles flow downward along the screw groove (10102) in cooperation with the screw groove (10102) and the stationary shoulder (102); Step 4: The main shaft then starts to move horizontally along the welding direction, the wire (302) is continuously fed, and the screw groove (10102) continuously transports the thermoplastic material downward, and the material is finally filled and the workpiece is welded under the stirring and rolling of the stirring head (101) and the stationary shoulder (102).

10. The friction stir welding method for adaptively cleaning welds according to claim 9, characterized in that: The method further comprises step 5, wherein after welding is completed, the stirring head (101) is lifted and separated from the workpiece; the self-adaptive cleaning device module (2) keeps the end face of the milling cutter (201) stationary through a servo motor, and the main shaft drives the self-adaptive cleaning device module (2) to move horizontally, thereby milling the weld burrs, burrs and excess height, and completing the post-processing of the weld.

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